Dissertationen zum Thema „Métaphysique – Critique et interprétation“
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Brun, Jean-Marie. „L'exigence métaphysique de Boèce“. Paris 4, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA040061.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThrough what st Thomas brought to light that work is an analyze and commentary of a philosophical and theological treatise called: «liber de persona et duabus naturis ", written by Boethius, nearly in year 520 to refute Nestorius and Eutyches mistake. What is done is an essay about concepts of "nature" "substance" "subsistence" that is to define the notion of person as: "naturae rationalis individua substantia". Not knowing the dogma of "immaculate conception" Boethius sets up an original thought to define Christ’s human nature. The word to save human's being assumes human nature. He gives to it universal accidents found in the Adam’s three intelligible 's ways : before the first fault (domination of reason), after the first fault (acting death), during the utopian position where Adam would not have sinned (he had not the willing to sin). Conclusion arguments about the category of "relation" called "one of the person". It sets a parallelism between the definition of the person and Boethius' person
Schmitt, Eric-Emmanuel. „Diderot et la métaphysique“. Paris 4, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA040220.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGuyomarc'h, Gweltaz. „Aux origines de la métaphysique : l’interprétation par Alexandre d’Aphrodise de la Métaphysique d’Aristote“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lille 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL30004.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAristotle does not use the word "metaphysics". The books called "Metaphysics" clearly lack unity. The science called "metaphysics" seems to break the common epistemological rules set by Aristotle himself. From that point of view, it seems problematic to consider Aristotle as the "founding father of metaphysics". The present dissertation aims to show that the foundation of metaphysics as a science is also based on the work of the Ancient Commentators, especially Alexander of Aphrodisias (fl. 200 AD). Paradoxically, the "Exegete par excellence" makes it possible to be engaged in metaphysics without limiting metaphysics to explaining Aristotle's books. The reason is that he tries in fact to makes explicit and to enhance the unity of this work as well as to establish the unity of the corresponding science. According to him, metaphysics is both universal and the first true science. As such it constitutes the condition for any type of knowledge to be established as a science. Metaphysics is devoted to three main programs : the general study of being, the study of substance, the study of the first cause. These different programs are closed enough to be carried out within one single science. The passage from one level to another is guided by what I propose to call the Principle of Maximum Casuality. In this way, the substance is the higher being and the cause of being for all the rest ; the first cause is the higher and most thinkable substance, the cause of the order on the world, and what makes it intelligible. So the Exegete offers a strong view of the unity of metaphysics and thanks to this reappropriation Aristotle's work became the origin of a long-lasting tradition
Corban, Antonela. „Nietzsche et Klimt : la métaphysique en question“. Dijon, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009DIJOL021.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBardout, Jean-Christophe. „Malebranche et la métaphysique“. Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA040237.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work tries to describe Malebranche's conception of metaphysics. In spite of the rarity of the word "metaphysique" in the works of Malebranche, we tempt to show that metaphysics takes a great place up in his philosophy. First of all metaphysics becomes the science of idea and of its object. The vision in god seems to be a metaphysical thesis because being is understood through the representative idea "seen in good". We show that all the ways of knowing depend on a representative paradigm. The idea involves the abstraction of knowledge which characterizes metaphysics. These points allow us to underline Malebranche's ontological decisions. In the second place we try to demonstrate that Malebranche's use of metaphysics makes possible to explain the structure of his philosophy. Physics, ethics and the theory of religion depend on metaphysics
Lemaire, Eric. „Wittgenstein et la métaphysique“. Paris 7, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA070081.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe second Wittgenstein was one of the most important thinkers in the history of analytic philosophy. He is known for his provocative conception of philosophy according to which metaphysical propositions - and more generally philosophical propositions - are nonsensical. Thus understood, the main task of philosophy is to eliminate these propositions and to show that metaphysical problems are pseudo-problems. Many commentators of the second Wittgenstein's works assume that this conception affects any form of metaphysics and that he showed the illegitimacy of any metaphysics. In the meanwhile metaphysics renewed in the analytic tradition. In such a context a question raises: Did the second Wittgenstein really undermine the legitimacy of metaphysics? Our main aim here is to show that he did not. On the contrary, the second Wittgenstein can be understood as a common sense metaphysician, that is as a philosopher who gives us tools, ideas, and a method to rethink the metaphysical enterprise. Hence, he does offer us means to defend the legitimacy of metaphysics
Devaux, Michael. „L'avancement de la métaphysique réelle selon Leibniz : nomenclature et réalité de la métaphysique leibnizienne après l'inter italicum“. Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040224.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn 1694, Leibniz published the De Primae Philosophiae Emendatione which he himself translated into french as Reflections on Advancement of Real Metaphysics. . . This way of referring to metaphysics can indeed be taken seriously. Is real metaphysics the same as true metaphysics? What about the relationship between his advancement and those of Bacon and Glanvill? Advancement only conveys the idea of progress involved in emendatio, not that of correction, which is conveyed in the notion of real metaphysics. In order to show that real metaphysics is an appellation of metaphysics, we must first explain how it is an advancement upon, and a correction of first philosophy (Descartes) and ontology (modern scholasticism). The first appearance and development of ontology (1606-1716) is presented, as are the relations between Leibniz and thirty authors (Lorhardus, Hojerus, Goclenius, etc. ); as well as the three texts in which Leibniz used ontology. The conceptual aspects of real metaphysics are studied within all the texts in all circunstances in which the syntagma occurs (1691-1716). The next question is: what about reality in real metaphysics? The answer focuses on the three metaphysical inventions accepted by Kant in Leibniz: the real point (and the living mirror), the principle of reason, and harmony. Lastly, we analyse the conception of reality in Leibniz: in opposition (real/imaginary/ideal), in composition (perfection being a degree of reality, the reality of possibles) and in supposition (no reality without unity). We conclude that real metaphysics is a metaphysics of realisation because there's no completion and because it's about existiturientia
Guyomarc'h, Gweltaz. „Aux origines de la métaphysique : l’interprétation par Alexandre d’Aphrodise de la Métaphysique d’Aristote“. Thesis, Lille 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL30004.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAristotle does not use the word "metaphysics". The books called "Metaphysics" clearly lack unity. The science called "metaphysics" seems to break the common epistemological rules set by Aristotle himself. From that point of view, it seems problematic to consider Aristotle as the "founding father of metaphysics". The present dissertation aims to show that the foundation of metaphysics as a science is also based on the work of the Ancient Commentators, especially Alexander of Aphrodisias (fl. 200 AD). Paradoxically, the "Exegete par excellence" makes it possible to be engaged in metaphysics without limiting metaphysics to explaining Aristotle's books. The reason is that he tries in fact to makes explicit and to enhance the unity of this work as well as to establish the unity of the corresponding science. According to him, metaphysics is both universal and the first true science. As such it constitutes the condition for any type of knowledge to be established as a science. Metaphysics is devoted to three main programs : the general study of being, the study of substance, the study of the first cause. These different programs are closed enough to be carried out within one single science. The passage from one level to another is guided by what I propose to call the Principle of Maximum Casuality. In this way, the substance is the higher being and the cause of being for all the rest ; the first cause is the higher and most thinkable substance, the cause of the order on the world, and what makes it intelligible. So the Exegete offers a strong view of the unity of metaphysics and thanks to this reappropriation Aristotle's work became the origin of a long-lasting tradition
Picot, Bruno. „Jean Wahl : empirisme et métaphysique au cœur du XXème siècle“. Lille 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL30059.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWith the bergsonian legacy, Jean Wahl wants to defend a Metaphysic concerned with the concrete. Between Soren Kierkegaard and William James, he builds for himself a Metaphysic of intensity. From his 1920 thesus "The pluralist philosophies of England and America" to his last work in 1963 "The Metaphysical experience", he proposes to build a real "Transcendental empiricism" which is based in the aporetic of the instant. He describes the dialectic process of mind encountering the real. His empirism can be defined as realism. He bridges James Whitehead's empirism with Husserl's meditations. Jean Wahl questions all the XX th century major philosophical orientations : phenomenology, existensialism, structuralist, marxism, logical positivism. As a poet, metaphysician, editor of revues and instigator of philosophical meetings, Wahl militates for a "broadening of philosophy"
Lurson, Guillaume. „Ravaisson et le problème de la métaphysique“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulouse 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU20054.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFar from a mere label created for the purpose of historical classification, Ravaisson’s spiritualism opens the horizon of a refoundation of metaphysics at the heart of the French 19th century. From Aristotle’s Metaphysics, Ravaisson puts together a critique of what can be called “the metaphysics of separation”, the starting point of which is to be found in the writings of the Stagira-born philosopher. From there, he will endeavor to elaborate a philosophy that affirms the identity of Being and Thought far from any transcendence or dualism. That is how the question of metaphysics can be posed: can one overcome the aporia inherited from Aristotle’s Metaphysics, and stitch up the gap between the entity and the Being, Nature and the Spirit, or even Man and God? Or should one, on the contrary, consider that separation defines the inaugural gesture of metaphysics? By refusing this latter possibility, Ravaisson builds a philosophy that entirely refutes Kant’s transcendental idealism, or Comte’s positivism and, more broadly even, any materialistic way of thinking. The lost unity of metaphysics, that is, its possibility, must thus be sought by questioning Aristotle’s heritage, in order to determine whether one should think with, or against it
Gonin, Jean. „L'expérience poétique de Eugenio Montale : métaphysique et mythe“. Lyon 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LYO31015.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis study which is a global approach to montale's work ains to explain his poetic universe in two essential dimensions : on one hand the metaphysical, on the other the mythical dimension. The first part retraces the process of deepening the gnosiological aim inherent in montale's metaphysics which is seen as going beyard naturalism and rationality. The first five chapters analyse the main stages of the genesis of his poetic universe 1) the quest of reality 2) genesis of a metaphysics. Ossi di seppia or the dialectic of being or not being. 3) towwards a systematics of the sign. Le occasioni or the enigmaticity of the world 4) the closed and the open. La bufera ed altro or the "different order" 5) the apologue of non knowledgr. Satura. . . Or the "permanent oxymoron". The chapter 6 a metaphysics of the absurd analyse the cultural and speculative substratum which conditions montale's poetic experience. The second part retraces the process of elaboration of myths inherent in poetic initiatism in their moral and religious articulation, and as a fonction of a problematics of a salvation. The chapter 4 approaches the theological substructures which condition montale's poetry and riplaces the problematics of divinity in a cultural perspective. The chapter 5 places the problem of the quest for wisdom
Nicolle, Jean-Marie. „Mathématiques et métaphysique dans l'oeuvre de Nicolas de Cues“. Paris 10, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA100166.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleJung, Soon-Hyeun. „Le shématisme de la vie et la critique de la métaphysique chez Bergson“. Aix-Marseille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX10092.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDagron, Tristan. „Métaphysique et philosophie naturelle chez Giordano Bruno“. Tours, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOUR2022.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDedicated to "metaphysics" and " natural philosophy" in Bruno's works, this thesis is based on the italian dialogue De la causa, principio et uno, which represents the theoretical center of Bruno's thought. The thesis proposes to situate Bruno's thought within the framework of the "humanist crisis", which has not ceased to denounce the use of reason and language in medieval scholastics (The Modi significandi), and more specifically its "metaphysical" pretentions to connect the human order of signification to a "supernatural" reality, since Lorenzo Valla's dialectic. The study therefore tries to link Bruno's thought to Pomponazzi's aristotelism and to Ficin and Pic's platonism
Joachim, Henri-Gaël. „Heidegger et Aristote : pour une métaphysique de l'être-en-acte“. Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010538.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe confrontation between Heidegger and Aristotle allows to raise the problem of being in act. According to Heidegger, the apex of Aristotle’s thought lies in the discovery of being as energeia. In the course of his works on Aristotle, Heidegger has underlined the importance of the Aristotelian conception of the anteriority of actuality over potentiality. However, in his own philosophy, he has reversed this hierarchical relation by giving primacy to the possible over the actual. From the Heideggerian point of view, this inversion can be explained by his rejection of any form of onto-theo-logy. Now, from an Aristotelian point of view, it can also be explained by the "forgetting" of the distinction between the determination and the conditioning. Neglecting this distinction makes it impossible to discover actuality as principle and final cause of that which is. This amounts to a move from a theological inquiry in the order of being to a quest for the foundation or condition of possibility. As a matter of fact, Heidegger, in his commentaries on Aristotle’s metaphysics says nothing of the induction of being in act of book 9 chapter 6. It appears then that a rediscovery of being in act is necessary. The way leading to such a discovery must start from the judgment of existence, and go on with the inquiry into the principles of that which is. But after being and time, it is impossible to neglect the study of dasein. This is why, today, it is necessary to develop Aristotle’s perspective with a thinking of the "i am", in the light of being in act. M. D. Philippe has already attempted such an endeavor. It seems to us that his philosophical reflection enables us to go beyond the dilemma between Aristotle and Heidegger, and to articulate a metaphysics of being in act
Srour, Pierre. „La métaphysique dans les romans de Patrick Modiano“. Metz, 1994. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1994/Srour.Pierre.LMZ9413_1.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAfter having highlighted in the first part the author's biography and the series of his novels published untill 1989, we go in the second part to the heart of the subject : to speak on the subject of "metaphysics" is also and especially to speak of "physics", as the raw material which the modianesque world is built upon, is nothing else but metaphysics itself, personified through the concrete places of his novels space. This stage is followed by the doubt about existence : to abstract and go beyond the blurred vision of the substance, by a phenomenon of shades and lights. The presence of a musical structure that rules Modiano's works, opens on happiness and proves that the maturation of time merges into the infinite and resolves the matter of identity. As for the character, his name does his destiny. In the third part, one attends the double jewish-christian identity of the modianesque man, as well as the kaleidoscopy of his being. Here, the father holds a most important place, through the image of an absurd or non absurd god, yet always omnipresent. As for the fourth part, it shows a blocking at the level of time, yet not without a serious attempt from the author towards opening and freedom
Benbouzid, Hayet. „Wittgenstein face à Carnap sur la question du rapport de la métaphysique à l'analyse logique du langage“. Aix-Marseille 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX1A064.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBonaud, Christian. „Métaphysique et théologie dans les oeuvres philosophiques et spirituelles de l'Imam Khomeyni“. Paris, EPHE, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995EPHE5011.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleImam Khomeini is not known for his philosophical or Gnostic writings, though he is undoubtfully the most prominent contemporary representative of a stream of Shiite spirituality which embodies within the transcendental philosophy of molla Sadra and ibn 'Arabi's gnosis, bearing its fruit on the mould of esoteric and initiatory teachings of the imams of the prophet's family. A first part of this study deals with imam Khomeini’s education to the hawza, the traditional school of the Shiite priestly corporation, while paying particular attention to the teachings of his masters and to the doctrines he inherited from them. This part also presents a fully detailed analytical book review of this author's work. In its main part, the study treats on the metaphysical and theological thoughts embodied within these writings which are streamlined by the ideas of the fundamental character and oneness of existence and by themes of perfections of existence and the revealing through effusion of this existence which constitutes the ultimate reality
Crubellier, Michel. „Les livres "Mu" et "Nu" de la Métaphysique d'Aristote : traduction et commentaire“. Lille 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LIL30041.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSouchard, Bertrand. „Aristote, de la physique à la métaphysique, réceptivité et causalité“. Dijon, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002DIJOL004.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHuang, Kuan-Min. „Schelling et la crise de la métaphysique“. Paris 4, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA040002.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAudran, Jérôme. „L'"époque " de la finitude après l'achèvement de la métaphysique selon Nietzsche et Heidegger“. Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040191.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMetaphysics remains incapable of incorporating finitude because it primarily considers human existence in the negative in relation to the One who exceeds him infinitely – First Mover, Substance, causa sui, and so on. With Nietzsche and Heidegger, the reverse is true: finitude is brought into a positive light because it becomes the first in order of "things", both ontologically and chronologically. Henceforth finitude and solitude define the ontologically legislative laws of human nature. It is the surrender of the logoV on behalf of a "poe(ma)tical" language which first authorizes the articulation of this "inversion", this "jump", and this "turn" in and of thought in general. With finitude, however, some "sharing experiences" are disclosed, which paradoxically introduces a breaking from finitude. This renewed transcendence imposes a reflection that is situated under the individuation principle, and this Nietzsche and Heidegger respectively recapitulate under the notions of "Sacred" and "Dionysiac"
Lippi, Jean-Paul. „Métaphysiques : réflexion de l'autrement d'une nécessité philosophique : thèse“. Nice, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NICE2014.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMoisuc, Cristian-Petrut. „Métaphysique et théologie chez Malebranche : Verbe, union, représentation“. Caen, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CAEN1617.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis examines the relationship between Malebranche's theory of idea and its interpretation on throle of Jesus Christ as the occasional cause of grace. It aims to highlight the ambiguity of Malebranche’s Christology not only by relating it to its sources but also and especially by examining how it forces Malebranche to rethink the relationship between metaphysics and theology. Taking as starting point the classical interpretations on the role of the Christ in the Malebranche’s system, we analyze in the first part of the thesis the theory of vision in God and its basic assumption (the idea as an real and external object for the soul) and how this theory forces Malebranche to describe the relationship between man and God as «distance» and «remoteness». In the second part of the thesis we focus on the theological implications of the vision of ideas in God, especially on the interpretation of the relationship between man and God becomes as a relationship between the finite and the infinite and on the rewriting (in a metaphysical key) of the dogmas of the Incarnation, the original sin and the redemption in Christ. The challenge of the thesis is to prove, first, that the classical exegesis of Malebranche has not seen the daring and the heterodox character of the Malebranche’s Christology and secondly, to show how this metaphysical Christology assumes the pivotal role for the theological occasionalism – designed to be a real vindication of the divine Providence, it has lead to questioning the hypostatic union (in the person of Jesus-Christ) between man and God
Trego, Kristell. „Saint Anselme et la pensée antique : les aspects métaphysiques de l'éthique selon Anselme de Cantorbery“. Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010680.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLongo, Anna. „Répétitions et simulacres : l'art contemporain entre métaphysique et immanence“. Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010510.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSarafidis, Karl. „Restauration et déconstruction de la métaphysique. Heidegger, Bergson“. Thesis, Paris Est, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PEST0036.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe after-‐effects of spiritualism in France and those of idealism in Germany have led to two major figuresin XXth century thought: Bergson and Heidegger. The resurgence of the ancestral project of first philosophy conducted them both to demand an overcoming of traditional conceptual structures with a view to think being once again in regards to time. Thus, concerning both methods, the first step would be to articulate their understanding of the question "why something rather than nothing?" in the perspective of a reversal of the onto-‐theological principle of which it proceeds.Then, after a sustained reading of their way of establishing the concept of fundamental time, and a critical examination of the interpretation Heidegger gives of the Bergsonian idea on duration, our study attempts to test their diverging confrontation ofAristotle as a representative of the natural conception of derivative time. This ultimate test which aims to release in an explicit way their position in regards to a crucial stage in the installation of the reign of occidental metaphysics contributeshenceforth the rethinking of the conditions of an exchange from which their respective projects could both finally benefit
Safou, Jean-Bernard. „Husserl et la métaphysique de Descartes : essai d'une interprétation phénoménologique du projet cartésien de la Mathesis universalis“. Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040047.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMoulenda, Joseph-Igor. „Derrida et la critique de la phénoménologie de Husserl : Autour de la question de la "Métaphysique de la présence"“. Caen, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CAEN1647.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis study is an introduction to the critique that Derrida initiated about the Husserl’s phenomenology. More accurately, the epicenter of that critique is the "metaphysics of presence", a phrase coined by Derrida. His goal is to bring out the conceptual unity that is oft-times unsuspected at the usual binding point between phenomenology and metaphysics. That conceptual unity represents the bond to the so-called being viewed as "presence" that Derrida successfully unravels by reason of his inability to reach his fullness. The study is divided into two main parts. First, we wanted to show how Derrida questions the Husserl’s view on Meaning by criticizing its extreme idealization. Secondly, how he sets out to deconstruct phenomenology by utilizing one of his strong ideas, namely the reduction of all phenomena to the consciousness. We can see that all in all, he points out and denounces the intuitionist grip of metaphysics on phenomenology
Maggini, Golfo E. „La justice de la pensée : la critique de la métaphysique de la subjectivité dans le différend heideggérien avec Nietzsche, 1936-1946“. Paris 12, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA120045.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOur thesis focuses on the various aspects of nietzsche's presence in the heideggerian project of destruktion of the metaphysics of subjectivity in the years following his first lecture course on "the will to power as art" (1936) and until the letter on humanism (1946). In order to make this explicit, we study the association of the questions of subjectivity and justice in heidegger's interpretation of nietzsche. In fact, the theme of justice appearing in all his ontological implications for the first time in introduction to metaphysics (1935) gives access to the different ways in which nietzsche intervenes in his confrontation with the question of the origin and history of metaphysics. In the first place, justice is dike in the presocratic beginning of philosophy. Its translation as "joining" (fug) permits a new approach to the status of dasein's historicality in fundamental ontology. Actually, its reformulation in the major work of 1936-1938 beitrage zur philosophie (vom ereignis) is the result of the insufficient treatment of being and time. In our second part, we examine another aspect of heidegger's interpretation of justice (gerechtigkeit) in nietzsche qualified as the ultimate moment of the metaphysics of truth. The radical separation of presocratic dike from gerechtigkeit results in his definition as the "metaphysician of subjectivity". In the horizon of the history of being, the justice of life is represented (vor-gestellt) by the will to power. In our third part, we study the ontological status of modern technology as the result of the metaphysics of subjectivity. This is possible insofar as nietzschean justice is identified with rectitude (richtigkeit) and calculative thought (rechnung). In our introduction and conclusion, we concentrate on the hermeneutical nature of justice as "justice of the thought" taking as starting point the term of "differend" (auseinandersetzung) which caracterises the heidegger-nietzsche encounter from its very beginning
Sano, Tsuyoshi. „Métaphysique du sujet et théorie sociale dans "la Comédie humaine" de Balzac“. Montpellier 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON30042.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePeyroles, Henri. „Science et mystique en philosophie : Henri Bergson et Martin Heidegger“. Paris 10, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA100040.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDarantière, Louis. „Du rôle de la théorie des idées dans la formation du criticisme kantien : essai sur l'esthétique transcendantale et sa gestation précritique, comparée à la méthode métaphysique de Descartes et Berkeley“. Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010527.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFărcaş, Daniel-Sorin. „Le transcendantal et le discours théologique : métaphysique et analogie chez Albert le Grand et Maître Eckhart“. Paris 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA040026.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis distinction between man's knowledge and God's knowledge concentrates the whole metaphysics of Albert the Great. The first operates especially according to the resolutive method ("modus resolutorius"), which follows an upward way (from effect to cause) in a cognitive return approach of the creature to the Creator (the specific terms of Albert's the Great vocabulary are here "reductio", "resolutio", "reditio", "remotio"), God's knowledge is a creative one (what He knows, He creates) and operates according to the composition method ("modus compositivus"). To Meister Eckhart, the concept of noble man ("homo nobilis") or detached man determines partial deletion of the opposition between "scientia hominis" and "scientia dei". The deified man (he takes part to Deity), who becomes "the unique son" of God his intellect adoption, experiences - even from his temporal and earthy life - not only the eternel bliss, but also the absolute (perfect) and everlasting knowledge which belongs only to God
Barthelmé, Bruno. „L'idée régulatrice dans le kantisme“. Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA01A004.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFor the most part our subject concerns a few pages from "critique of pure reason" in the "appendix to the transcendantal analytics" where the notion of the regulating idea is developped. First we tried to show that this appendix is the answer to a question already put in the transcendantal analytics but which was up now a question without answer. How is experience materialy possible ? The elucidation of the conditions of the possible knowledge suppose consequently to take into account the idea and therefore criticism, by melting science with the thinking reason, leads to the definite refusal of scientism and to the proclamation that science is not self-foundation. We tried afterwards to clear up the exact status of the regulating idea. A language analysis of the "as if" points out the fact that it is the setting of a strategy of illusion - judged necessary by kant- which the "focus imaginarius" is a clear example. It was then necessary for us to consider that the regulating idea proceeds from imagination andto admit that kant considered reason as power of imagination. With the regulating idea comes up the idea of another metaphysics of "limits" letting reason accomplish itself in its "need" to go beyond experience by taking this high ridge path of knowledge that leads to a "middle-place", a journey in "utopia". What about then the future of the rrgulating idea beyond the critique of pure reason - does it disappear by the arrival of the notion of the "reflecting judgment" - as well as beyond the kantian criticism ? Beyond the hegelian critique of kantianism, cassier's neo-kantism seems to matre the most of the different meanings of the "regulating idea"
Langevin-Formaux, Nathalie. „L' expressionnisme : l'art comme expérience métaphysique“. Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010612.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGoulipian, Armand. „Humour et métaphysique chez Graham Greene“. Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997CLF20020.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTowards the end of his life, graham greene was more attracted by the comic side of reality than by its tragic one. His conceptions and his writings were influenced by what could be called a humoristic outlook. In the last novels comedy borders on tragedy, and is not easily distinguished. The field of humour is often mysterious. In greene's work it seems to point paradoxically to a metaphysical reality concealed under the various masks of humour. Masks and caricatures might suggest a hidden truth, hard to apprehend directly. Love's mysterious reality might be a first step towards a metaphysical beyond
Millischer, Laurent. „Heidegger et la systémique : vers le lieu de pensée“. Rennes 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011REN1PH03.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOf our times, Heidegger gives a quite decisive double diagnosis: times of the accomplishment of the end of philosophy on the one hand, and of the domination of cybernetics over the whole of the consideration of beings on the other hand, thus becoming the real metaphysics of these times. These interpretations point towards this other event, which is capital for understanding them, this event being the emergence and spreading out of systemics which found and unify the multiple of modern science into one general theory of the System as such. This work is an attempt at rereading Heidegger's work in the light of this event, the only one able to give its full meaning to the radicalism of his interpretations and especially to their necessary joint. The times of "achieved technology" are thus essentially and completely determined by the unfolding of the systemic triad, Energy-Command-Connexion, taking the place of the onto-theo-logical constitution of metaphysics. A substitution in the shape of a pretence of completion, from which thought is therefore excluded for the benefit of pure Production. Such a shifting makes us question anew the texture of the place of thought, which has been left after by this substitution. This topos, dual in essence, can be perceived like the articulation of a Trinitarian frame, taking its source in Heidegger's Fourfold and a tripartition of the Tension (Austrag) which is underlying it, according to the three themes of Enowning (Ereignis), Togetherness (Zusammengehörigkeit) and Correspondence (Entsprechung)
Courtine, Jean-François. „Ontothéologique et topique de l'analogie : le tournant suarézien, étude sur la formation du système de la métaphysique scolaire“. Paris 4, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA040308.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe doctrine of the analogy of being, stranger as well to the letter as to the spirit of aristotelism, finds its first elaboration by the Greek commentators of Aristoteles and in the late Neoplatonism (Simplicius, Proclus). The first interpreters of the Stagirite, eager to determine the nature and the object (subject-matter) of the first philosophy, prepare this mediaeval elaboration. But the architectonical function of this doctrine appears clearly only at the time of high scholastic (Thomas Aquinus) when it determines the background of ontological concepts. In the noetical horizon of nominalism, this doctrine becomes mostly an object of logical controversies (Cajetan - Suarez). This formalization corresponds to the birth of "ontology" and to the first strives of systematization and of division of metaphysics. The work of Suarez represents a significant turn in the history of the ontotheological system of modern metaphysics, defined as science of the objectivity without any "object"
Métry-Tresson, Carolle. „L'aporie ou l'expérience métaphysique de la dualité dans le "Peri Archôn" de Damaskios“. Paris, EPHE, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EPHE5005.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe work entitled « Aporias and resolutions concerning the first principles », written in Greek language by Damaskios (Damas, 462 (?) AD – (?)), the last Diadoch of the Neoplatonic Athenian School, allows us to think that we reach here not only the peak of the thought of this author, but also the peak never attained by Greek philosophy before. In this treatise, he develops a real aporetical way, based on a long philosophical tradition. But how to understand this term “aporia”? Much more than traps where falls human thought, aporias are the limits of thought itself. It is not the very presence of aporias that annoys this metaphysician, but the reason of their presence. What is the source of aporias concerning the first principles? The work of Damaskios seems to be the privileged place where two fundamental questionings converge: Why is thought always in difficulties while attempting to grasp the first principles? And how to cross or exceed the limits of human thought? That means wondering what those limits mean exactly for us. The question which appears behind every aporia is really that about the conditions of possibilities of human thought. By means of the numerous aporias of the treatise, we are going to show that Damaskios invites us to perceive a metaphysical experience of duality, to be aware of ourselves and to understand the reason of the distance which separates us from the supreme Principles. Our intention is thus to grasp the role of the central notion of aporia and its positive signification in Damaskios’ metaphysics
Korichi, Mériam. „La définition de l'esprit humain par Spinoza : l'éthique ou les limites de la métaphysique“. Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010574.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOgarkova, Tetyana. „Une autre avant-garde : la métaphysique, le retour à la tradition et la recherche religieuse dans l’œuvre de René Daumal et Daniil Harms“. Paris 12, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA120031.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleContrary to a common image of the avant-garde as atheist, revolutionary, progressist, anarchist and liberal project, this thesis focus on metaphysical, religious, counter-revolutionary, anti-progressist and anti-modern aspects of the movement. René Daumal (1908-1944) and Daniil Kharms (1905-1942), a French and a Russian, are two younger representatives of two avant-gardes : French surrealism and Russian futurism. They live at the same time in different countries and don't know each other. Despite all the distance which separate them, they share similar convictions and several common sources. Metaphysical poetry, anti-modern convictions, absurd and religiosity -here is the frame of the research which help to understand the similarities between two authors who represent another image of the European avant-garde
Pierobon, Frank S. „La fondation architectonique de la métaphysique dans la critique de la raison pure“. Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213180.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSavidan, Patrick. „La théorie kantienne du sujet : de la critique de la métaphysique à son aboutissement théologique“. Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040138.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFroidecourt, Adéline. „Pindare et Sophocle : présence de la poésie dans l’ « Introduction en la métaphysique » de Heidegger“. Brest, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BRES1002.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWhy does Heidegger discuss the words of Pindar and Sophocles in his 1935 course of lectures, “Einführung in die Metaphysik” ? The sole aim of the present study is to demonstrate that poetry cannot be seen simply as a means to get away from metaphysics: the Greek preoccupation with Being is evident in Greek poetry. Even though the intention of the two poets is not to determine the nature of “Being”, the songs of Pindar as well as “Oedipus the King” and “Antigone” assume that there is a relationship between the Greeks and the entirety of what is involved in the Appearance. The references to poets’ words are not decorative but are crucial in granting us access to Greek thought: this becomes clear through a close textual examination of Heidegger’s commentaries and translations, and also by a re-reading of the work of the poets that are suggested by his comments. Heidegger’s course brings to our attention two poets whose words facilitate our access to the historical beginnings of metaphysics
Pellegrin, Marie-Frédérique. „Le prisme de la loi : une lecture du malebranchisme“. Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000STR20041.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWeber, Claude. „Christian Wolff, Moses Mendelssohn et la métaphysique de Descartes : étude sur l'influence du cartésianisme dans les philosophies post-leibniziennes de Wolff et de Mendelssohn“. Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040017.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe vigor of the traditional Aristotelian school metaphysics, and later the rise of the leibnizian and post-leibnizian philosophies have confined the development of cartesianism in Germany. By two examples, this study makes out that the influence of Descartes is not completely lacking at the time of the aufklarung. Before becoming the vulgarizing out spreader of leibnizianism, Christian Wolff has been close to cartesian circles. His metaphysics are in a high degree marked by the cartesian "prima philosophia", although they keep contiguous to the "cogito" and to a partially cartesian theology, an ontology inherited from school metaphysics. Although he stands closer to the Leibniz of the monadology, Mendelssohn for his part adopts the process of thought in Descartes' meditations, comprising the methodical doubt, the "cogito" and the proofs for god's existence, trying to correct the insufficiency of leibnizian essentialism that doesn't attain the knowledge of what really exists, i. E. That doesn't reveal a passage from the merely possible to reality. Far better than Wolff, Mendelssohn seems to achieve in his metaphysics a synthesis of the "prima philosophia" of Descartes' meditations and the leibnizian theodicy and monadology
Warkocki, Wawrzyn. „Métaphysique et facticité : penser la présence à partir de Martin Heidegger“. Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU20003.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe focus of the present study is to investigate Heidegger's concept of facticity in the context of what he calls the destruction of the history of ontology, followed by, the overcoming of metaphysics. On the one hand, my task is to elucidate Heidegger's thought in its historical development, from a precise perspective, that of the concept of facticity. On the other hand, I aim to develop a concept of radicalized facticity. In Heidegger's thinking, facticity has been conceived since the early 1920s under the name of "facticial life" and can be understood in Being and Time as a "thrown project" of human existence (Dasein). In this time, an appropriate grasping of facticity would require a "destruction of the history of ontology." Ever since the so-called "turn" in the 1930s, the event thinking (Ereignisdenken) requires an "overcoming of metaphysics" or an "appropriation of metaphysics". My general guiding question is the following: if facticity in the early Heidegger is a condition of the possibility of the destruction of ontology, what would be analogically a condition of possibility of an overcoming (or appropriation) of metaphysics? It is generally accepted that facticity is the starting point of Heidegger's philosophy, but it disappears over time. One of the hypothesis of this work asserts that the concept of facticity, mutatis mutandis, is radicalized under the name of the event of appropriation (Ereignis). The "there" (Da) of Heidegger's concept of being-there (Dasein) is to be understood as facticity of existence. Therefore, my entire doctoral work handles, to a certain extent, the philosophical explanation of this "there", in a critical examination of metaphysics, whose only subject, according to Heidegger, is being (Sein)
Cambier, Hubert. „La philosophie de Karl Raimund Popper : du Cercle de Vienne à une métaphysique de la vie : étude critique“. Paris 10, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA100070.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe thesis analyses Karl Popper's philosophical thinking, as seen from his position on, principally, the methodology of science and moral and political philosophy; it also seeks to highlight the tensions that shape this thinking, following the internal journey which, progressing from theory, to knowledge to a practical philosophy, leads to metaphysics. The method used consists of studying the thoughts of K. Popper in his internal evolution, tracing the different stages, the changing problems that emerge from this thought process, and of placing this within the context of Popper's often critical dialogue with various authors, primarily the members of the Vienna circle but also all those who helped him construct his ideas in the various fields he is concerned with. Two theses are put forward in this work. The first is that of a duality of the issues that form the basis of Popper's philosophical thought. Lts uniqueness lies in the way in which it seeks to link a theoretical approach to knowledge, inspired by Kant, insisting on the logical justification of knowledge, with a sharply different approach, closer to that of Duhem and de Mach, looking at knowledge as it develops, defining it on the basis of its practical and even biological purpose. This duality introduces a lasting tension into Popperian thought. The second thesis concerns the relationship between practical philosophy and the philosophy of knowledge. It is because in his practical philosophy Popper expounds an indeterminist view, which focuses on the implacability of the freedom, responsibility and creativity of the individual, that he has to revise the ideas expounded in his first works. These two aspects - the duality between the two component problems; the confrontation between practical and theoretical philosophy - explain why, from the fifties and sixties, Popperian thought sought to reconstruct its unity around a metaphysical concept which integrates knowledge and practical action into an evolutionist framework, that of life and the emergence of a world of values
Park, Jong Hwa. „La Puissance, L’Acte, L’Entéléchie dans la Métaphysique Theta d’Aristote“. Thesis, Lille 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL30032.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work consists in determining, in several senses, the potentiality and the actuality in Aristotle's Metaphysics theta. The potentiality and the actuality extend further than the mere sphere of the movement. the potentiality is the principle of change in another thing or in the thing iteself qua other. Also the potentiality for being acted is the principle, which makes it capable changed and acted on by another thing or by itself qua other. The division of the sense of the potentiality indicates the "capable" qua causes and states. That which is capable of something and at some time and in some way. The "capable" bears on some way, and the "actually", on some time. "Actually" is said as movement to potentiality, and as substances to sort of matter. Something is already potentially, if there are nothing internal and external which hinders the entelechy when the agent and the patient meet together. The things that are posterior in becoming are prior in form and in substance. The matter exists in a potential state, just because it may attain to its form ; and when it exists actually, then it is in its form. The actuality of the good is better then the potentiality. The end or actuality of the bad is necessarily worst than the potentiality. About the thing which are essences and exist actually, it is not possible to be in error, but only to think them or not to think them. As to the "one", if the object is existent it exists in this way ; if it does not exist in this way it does not exist at all