Dissertationen zum Thema „Mesures comptables“
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Clavet, Nicholas-James. „Évaluation des mesures de soutien aux personnes et aux familles : une approche par microsimulations comptables et comportementales“. Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/30983.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOver the next few years, the population aging will exert significant pressure on the public finances of Canada and Quebec. In a worrying fiscal context, the governments of Canada and Quebec will be tempted to reduce or at least limit their spending on expensive programs, such as person and family support programs. This thesis, therefore, seeks to develop and use tools enabling the assessment of the effects of support measures for persons and families before they are implemented 1) on their income, 2) on their working behavior, and 3) on public finances. Assessment of the effects of a support measure prior to its implementation (ex-ante evaluation) requires the use of special methods since it is not possible to deduce the effects of the measure from collected data. It is, therefore, necessary to use an accounting and behavioral microsimulation approach. The support measures for persons and families studied in this thesis focus on two themes: 1) poverty reduction through direct benefits to persons and families, and 2) reduction of net childcare expenses for parents. Chapter 1 examines the impact of a proposal for a guaranteed minimum income made by the Comité consultatif de lutte contre la pauvreté et l'exclusion sociale du Québec(Advisory Committee to Combat Poverty and Social Exclusion in Quebec). The analyses are carried out using accounting microsimulations and a structural discrete choice model of labor supply taking into account the tax system. The simulations show that the application of the original proposal has significant negative impacts on the labor market participation rate of low-income individuals and that its cost exceeds $2 billion annually. This exercise demonstrates that, contrary to what is generally believed, mechanisms to ensure a guaranteed income can have the effect of increasing the incidence of low income rather than reducing it. Chapter 2 examines the effects of increasing the age of eligibility for Old Age Security benefits and the Guaranteed Income Supplement from 65 to 67 years of age. The analyses are carried out using a reduced-form dynamic microsimulation model that projects Canada's socioeconomic evolution up to 2030. The simulations show that in the long term (i.e., 2030), increasing the age of eligibility increases the federal government's net revenues by $6.9 billion, but decreases the provincial revenues by $620 million. With constant labor and saving behavior, this reform increases the low-income rate of 65 to 66-year-olds (about 100,000 more seniors in low-income situations) from 6% to 17%. The poorest and the women are the most v penalized. Chapter 3 examines the effects of the three main public funding measures for childcare services (the provincial tax credit, the federal tax deduction, and direct childcare subsidies) on family income, women's participation to the labor market, and the public finances of Quebec and Canada. These effects are estimated using a structural model of labor supply comparable to that used in Chapter 1. The simulations show that child care financing measures increase overall and significantly the income of families after taxes, transfers, and childcare expenses; The measures also have a greater impact on the income and work of single mothers than on mothers in couple. Their abolition would result in substantial savings in provincial public finances but would be of little use to the federal government. Chapter 4 examines the effects of two reforms of childcare services' public funding on families and public finances. The first reform was introduced in 2015 by the Government of Quebec, while the second was a reform proposal made by the Commission de révision permanente des programmes (Permanent Program Review Committee) and the Commission d'examen sur la fiscalité québécoise (Québec Taxation Review Committee). The effects of these reforms are assessed using accounting microsimulations. A major finding of the analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the two reforms is that the reform of the two commissions is more advantageous than the current reform of the Government of Quebec for families and provincial government. In addition, reform proposals can be made to lead the federal government to make a greater contribution to childcare funding, which limits the financial burden of childcare costs for families...
Sauvageot, Georges. „La mesure du résultat comptable“. Paris 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA010005.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThauvron, Arnaud. „Mesures et gestion de l'asymétrie d'information avant une offre publique“. Paris 12, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA122002.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWalliser, Élisabeth. „La mesure comptable des marques : une étude comparée en Europe“. Paris 12, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA122013.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis research finds its origin in the observation of the gap between the growing importance of brands, and more largely of the intangible capital, in the firm's assets and the relative weakness of their accounting measure. An institutional study is conducted on three European countries: Germany, France and the United Kingdom, as well as on an international level (first part). The accounting framework of brands is considered, first of all, through the analysis of doctrinal texts. Doctrinal positions are, then, replaced in a more general context of financial statements elaboration. Furthermore, the problem of the valuation, indissociable component of the accounting measure, is analyzed through the different methods available. A double empirical study is conducted (second part). On the one hand, a quantitative study on 150 annual reports of quoted companies divided equally on three countries and five sectors allows to test the different hypotheses stemmed from the study of the institutional framework. On the other hand, a qualitative study based on the internal information collected with 22 accounting and financial directors allows to clarify some results and to enrich them by their opinions. It appears that the choice of the brand valuation method, however hard it may be, is not an major hurdle in the recognition of brands. On the other hand, the persistence of a country effect legitimate the concern to bring institutions and practices together as part of the European construction
Trudel, Benoît. „L'utilisation du bêta comptable comme mesure du risque global de la PME /“. Thèse, Trois-Rivières : Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2002. http://www.uqtr.ca/biblio/notice/tablemat/03-2238915TM.html.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTrudel, Benoît. „L'utilisation du bêta comptable comme mesure du risque global de la PME“. Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2002. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/2620/1/000693567.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleJanin, Rémi. „Gestion des chiffres comptables, contenu informationnel du résultat et mesure de la création de valeur“. Grenoble 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000GRE21033.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOuvrard, Stéphane. „Contribution à la connaissance de la performance financière mesurée en normes IFRS“. Bordeaux 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR40023.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThanks to IFRS, accountancy is no longer a dry matter exclusively reserved for accountants. Everybody is interested in it. Even politicians make reference to it in their speeches. For IFRS, which are manadatorily implemented by Eurpean listed companies in their consolidated financial statements since 1st january 2005, financial performance measurement is considered as a strategic stake. After more than twenty years of existence, the IASB conceptual framework, which privileges the investors, is based on the most simple agency theory : analysis the relationships between a principal (investor) and an agent (manager). Is this framework, source of short term vision and of volatility in financial statements, still adapted to the current stakes of our society (particularly in a period of crisis) ? The inclusion of finance in the accounting scope re-launches the debate on fair value and, more widely, on two accounting approaches : the balance sheet approach from which the comprehensive income is issued, and the profit and loss approach. These different concepts of accounting make us question the role of a firm. Can we consider an enterprise as an addition of portfolios for the benefitof privileged stakeholders (investors) ? Or, on the contrary, is its role larger : wealthe creation for the benefit of all stakeholders ? Our research aims to prove that it is urgent to come back to the fundamentals of financial management ; understanding and analyzing the operational performance through the business model of a company. IFRS standards on sector data and on cash flow statements are very useful to reach this goal since they allow for the determination of long term sustainable operating performance indicators
Chanhoun, Maxime José. „La mesure des performances financières des entreprises béninoises et ses enjeux“. Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON10017.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe undertaken research deals with the evaluation of the OHADA accountancy system of reference aptness to express accurately the factual economic reality experienced by the beninese enterprises and particularly to enable the financial performance assessment of these enterprises.The philosophy originates in the idea that one manages only what can be assessed, and that it is necessary to make sure the different bases of management and investment decisions are reliable, as well as the economic policies.The investigation led on a representative range of more than three hundred accountancy information producers and users help us make their needs and the degree (level) of satisfaction of these needs stand out.The carried out work reveal the weaknesses at the base (root) of the accountancy information systems implemented by the Beninese enterprises, what leads to question the reliability of the provided financial statements. To compensate this inadequacy, a model of data base management has been proposed so as to ameliorate the collection of these data, and all the decision process, to ease the potential investors and above all to make more efficient the government economic orientations
Khotbi, Sara. „The impact of mergers and acquisitions on the performance of US acquiring firms in the technology sector and the link with corporate social responsibility“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022AIXM0531.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMergers and acquisitions are a popular topic that has been always a subject undergoing intense study. Although the literature on US mergers is very rich, but no prior research has focused on post M&A performance of US firms in the technology sector one of the leading sectors in the country’s economy, in USA domestically and cross-border with an international approach covering 9 target countries from both developed and emerging markets and using 3 methods. First, through an event study analysis, we find that US M&A show the highest positive results in Australia whereas the worst negative results are in China. Second, based on accounting measures and using 11 financial ratios we find that US M&A have an absolute positive impact on Earnings per share following the mergers. The rest of the variables show an overall positive performance for US acquiring firms (20 significant positive observations versus 13 significant negative observations). Third, based on a regression of 11 CSR components on 9 financial ratios, we found that only Resource use has an absolute negative impact over financial performance and that all the other components of CSR show a dominance in having positive impacts over the financial ratios of US acquiring firms in the technology sector (54 positive observations compared to 21 observations). The thesis will serve as a reference for American companies interested in acquiring companies in the technology sector who want to determine their chances of success or failure based on the target country, on their CSR participation and on the components of CSR on which they are most focused on
Vidal, Olivier. „Gestion du résultat et seuils comptables : Impact des choix méthodologiques et proposition d'un instrument de mesure des irrégularités“. Phd thesis, Jouy-en Josas, HEC, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00483265.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSellami, Mohamed. „Mesure de la pertinence des données comptables par le modèle de Feltham et Ohlson (1995) : cas de la France“. Paris, CNAM, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CNAM0659.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCette thèse s’intéresse à la mesure de la pertinence des données comptables des entreprises cotées sur la Bourse de Paris en utilisant le modèle de Feltham et Ohlson (1995). Nous proposons, dans une première partie, une classification des travaux empiriques portant sur la mesure de la pertinence des informations comptables et nous dégageons les limites théoriques et méthodologiques associées aux résultats desdits travaux. Pour pallier certaines de ces limites, nous appliquons, dans une deuxième partie, la démarche théorique de Feltham et Ohlson (1995). Pour ce faire, nous testons la relation linéaire de l’information dynamique,notamment, les conditions liées à la persistance des bénéfices anormaux d’exploitation, au comportement « prudent » des dirigeants et à la croissance des actifs d’exploitation. Celles-ci étant vérifiées, nous recourons aux méthodes de régression pour tester le modèle de Feltham et Ohlson entre 1992 et 2001. Les résultats révèlent que les données comptables sont des mesures peu pertinentes. A l’issue de ces résultats, nous proposons, dans une troisième partie, un complément du modèle de Feltham et Ohlson. Ce dernier trouve ses fondements théoriques dans le cadre de l’approche économique de l’information. Partant des apports de cette approche aux recherches en comptabilité, nous introduisons, tout d’abord, la méthode de la frontière efficiente stochastique. Celle-ci permet de générer un indice d’efficience (pertinence) par entreprise. Ensuite, nous menons des analyses par secteur d’activité et marché de cotation pour dégager les indices qui leurs sont afférents. Enfin, nous déterminons les variables de l'inefficience (non pertinence) des données comptables
Passelaigue, Michel. „L'immatériel, un moyen d'améliorer la mesure de la valeur de la PME de conseil, une application à la PME d'expertise comptable“. Lyon 3, 2009. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/out/theses/2009_out_passelaigue_m.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCommon enterprise evaluation business practices are mainly based on financial or accounting references. An actual firm value is estimated on previous results rather than a potentially future wealth. Furthermore, non financials assets, like team qualifications, could be used as well in order to increase a business value. The main thesis goal is to demonstrate a better way for evaluating small businesses value in using non financial assets indicators. The Delphi monographic method was used to demonstrate the relevance of these indicators for small enterprises (virtual firm, regional accounting company of about twenty employees). Results show that an initial estimate made by experts in using evaluation usual ways can be modified when using non financial assets indicators. Present ways for evaluate an enterprise are mainly based on financial or accounting references and the value is estimate with previous result rather than a potentially wealth to come. Non financials assets, like team qualifications, are enable used. The aim of is thesis is to show that using indicator which enable to value non financial assets for a small enterprise lead to a better way of evaluating. After un first selection, the relevance of these indicators was tested through a small enterprise in consulting (virtual firm, regional accounting company of about twenty employees was created for the experimentation). The chosen method, a monographic one, is based on Delphi method. The results show that the initial estimate, made by experts in evaluation using usual ways, can by modificated when we take non financial assets indicators
Loffet, Henri-Charles. „Les scribes comptables, les mesureurs de cereales et de fruits, les metreurs-arpenteurs et les peseurs de l'egypte ancienne. (de l'epoque thinite a la xxie dynastie)“. Paris, EPHE, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997EPHE4041.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe goal of this study is to clarify the activity of scribes in the domaines of accounting, grain measuring and surveying and weighing in ancient egypt from the thinite era until the end of the xxi dynasty. These indications have enabled to determine the periods of activity of each one of these fonctions attested to by written documents: papyruses, stelae, statues, various monuments, etc. . . Generated by the classic scribe, the accountant stems from two different spheres: state and agricultural. He appears in egyptian society only towards the end of the vith dynasty. The title of director of accounts appears during the xith dynasty; the title of scribe-accountant is found during the xiith dynasty. In the first half of the xviiith dynasty the function takes on proportions not yet attained only to decline at the end of the reign of ramses iii, then lie dormant as of the xxi dynasty. Attached to the administration of the treasury or the temples during the whole pharaonical age, the weigher is found as early as the thinite era. The scale attendant only intervenes as of the xviiith dynasty. These weighers never loaned their scales to evaluate the weight of grains or fruits. The measurer of grains and fruits is formally certified as of the ivth dynasty. At the end of the new empire he is still active showing his economic importance during the whole pharaonical age. As for the land-measurer already mentioned in the book of pyramides, he appears only as of the xiith dynasty. The new empire shows him at his work surveying fields, replacing the boundary stones for each cultivated parcel or else, standing in the statuary, presenting the surveyor's rope as proof of his occupation. He must not be confused with the measurer of grains and fruits as, although they may seem similar in their designation, the determination of the lexemes is different in order to distinguish between the two different professions
Blum, Veronique. „Le contenu informationnel des réserves pétrolières : pertinence des actifs spécifiques mesurée par le modèle d'Ohlson“. Thesis, Paris 10, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA100160.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDespite a fifteen years work, the international standard setter, the International Accounting Standard Board (IASB) hasn't succeeded in its attempt to define a specific standard relative to extractive activities. This semi-failure raises the following - maybe unresolved - question : does an informational content proper to specific activities exist, and if it does, which would be its appropriate communication form ? Despite the restrictive aspect of a scope admitting that IASB's primary target is the shareholder, our work subsequently started with the evaluation of his/her perceptions. Consistent with the IASB's point of view, we mobilized the positivist theory in an eleven years longitudinal study, covering a period of low barrel prices - in 1996/1997- and the sudden raise of 2004, to study the way in which the market(s) perceive(s) the disclosures of specific items relative to oil and gas activities. The latter are characterized by the presence of specific assets, sometimes strategic, described by the standard setter as highly uncertain. A literature review offers a retrospective on previous researches questioning the value-relevance of either the volume or the value of oil and gas reserves, and on the Real Options Reasoning that is tested in our empirical work. Our examination, on a international sample, of the link between specific accounting disclosures and the market value relies on the Ohlson's model and provides us with some insights on the identification of multicollinearity as likely present when dealing with specific variables
Kamara, Diéne Mohamed. „De la gestion du ratio de solvabilité bancaire : Étude empirique des ajustements prudentiels relatifs à la juste valeur“. Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLED031/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThrough Earnings Management practices applied to banking industry, several studies have shown existence of Capital Adequacy Ratio Management (CARM). However, they are mainly focused on loss loan provision (LLP) manipulation's and suppose that Capital adequacy ratio management motivation is to reduce regulatory costs imposed when the bank's capital adequacy ratio falls below the minimum. This thesis deals with the possibilities of banks to manage the regulatory ratio via the prudential adjustments, which are corrections made to equity items in the statement of financial position, to safeguard the quality of the supervisory capital and to reduce potential volatility induced by fair value accounting (application of IFRS). Adopting diachronic and instrumental approaches, the study is based on a sample of European banks and uses regression methods by panel data and bootstrap and quantile regression as post estimation and robustness tests. The main contribution of this thesis is to show that the necessary transformation of accounting information into regulatory information by prudential adjustments constitutes a bridge on which a timely CARM could be carried out through variables relating to the quality of the capital and the operational performance of the bank. Furthermore, the results show that CARM is not exclusively dedicated to banks with ratio close to minimum. Finally the results make possible to no longer consider the capital adequacy ratio as a black box and to examine it through its components