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1
Schmidt-Stiedenroth, Kira. Unani Medicine in the Making. NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463724210.
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Unani Medicine in the Making examines the institutions and practices of Unani medicine, the Graeco-Islamic healing practice based on the humoral theory attributed to Hippocrates and officially recognized as a system of medicine in India. Drawing on diverse materials, including Urdu sources, interviews with practitioners, and observations in clinics, the book explores what Unani medicine is today by attending to its multiplicity, scrutinizing apparent tensions between the understanding of Unani as a system of medicine and its multiple enactments as Islamic medicine, medical science, or alternative medicine. Ethnographic details provide vivid descriptions of the current practice of Unani in India, and invite readers to rethink the idea that humoral medicine is incommensurable with modern medicine and science, and that the modernization of Asian medicines invariably leads to their biomedicalization. Ultimately, the book also discusses the relationship of Unani with Muslim communities, examining the growing practice of Prophetic Medicine in Urban India and increasing representations of Unani as Islamic Medicine.
2
On Theriac to Piso, attributed to Galen: A critical edition with translation and commentary. Leiden: BRILL, 2016.
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Cancer susceptibility: Methods and protocols. New York: Humana Press, 2010.
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1947-, Gray J., Thompson K. C. 1944- und Royal Society of Chemistry (Great Britain), Hrsg. Water contamination emergencies: Collective responsibility. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2009.
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5
Beyond second opinions: Making choices about fertility treatment. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1998.
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6
Goyal, Megh R., und Durgesh Nandini Chauhan. Plant- and Marine- Based Phytochemicals for Human Health: Attributes, Potential, and Use. Apple Academic Press, Incorporated, 2018.
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Goyal, Megh R., und Durgesh Nandini Chauhan. Plant- and Marine- Based Phytochemicals for Human Health: Attributes, Potential, and Use. Apple Academic Press, Incorporated, 2018.
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Totelin, Laurence, Laurence Totelin, Iona McCleery, Elaine Leong, Lisa Wynne Smith, Jonathan Reinarz, Todd Meyers und Claudia Stein, Hrsg. A Cultural History of Medicine in Antiquity. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781474206693.
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Patient, disease and physician were the three corners of the ‘medical triangle’ according to one of the texts attributed to Hippocrates, a famous ancient Greek doctor. This volume, covering a period from roughly 800 BCE to 800 CE, examines and deconstructs these three aspects of ancient medicine in the Mediterranean world. It shows that, while physicians sought to assert themselves as experts in the medical art, they had to contend with numerous other healers whose methods, remedies and tools patients often favoured. It explores the ways in which civic entities, cities, kingdoms and empires, and their officials directly and indirectly shaped medical encounters and discoveries. It examines the interaction between medicine and the environment, non-human animals and plants. To attempt a cultural history of medicine in antiquity requires bringing together a wealth of sources: the texts attributed to Hippocrates, Galen and other medical authors are not neglected, but they are studied alongside other literary and historical works, letters on papyri, funerary inscriptions celebrating healers, surgical tools and bioarchaeological remains. While discussing the enduring cultural impact of classical Greek and Roman medicine in the West, through texts such as the Hippocratic Oath or names of diseases and types of medicines, this volume reveals the various ways in which health, disease and medical treatments were experienced diversely in the ancient world, according to gender, socio-economic class and ethnicity.
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Smedley, Julia, Finlay Dick und Steven Sadhra. Environmental protection. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199651627.003.0035.
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Environmental medicine 710Health Protection Agency 712Outdoor air pollution 714Indoor air pollution 716Water pollution 718Soil pollution 720Food contamination 722• Environmental exposures, while sharing many attributes with occupational exposures, are often more subtle. They are generally of much lesser degree (e.g. pesticide exposure in farming communities, outdoor air pollution) and the effects are not so easily attributable to the exposure...
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Clinical Pathology for Athletic Trainers: Recognizing Systemic Disease. Slack Incorporated, 2001.
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The Problemata physica attributed to Aristotle: The Arabic version of Ḥunain ibn Ishāq and the Hebrew version of Moses ibn Tibbon. Leiden: Brill, 1999.
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Huda, Ahmed Samei. The Medical Model in Mental Health. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198807254.001.0001.
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The medical model is a biopsychosocial model assessing a patient’s problems and matching them to the diagnostic construct using pattern recognition of clinical features. Diagnostic constructs allow for researching, communicating, teaching, and learning useful clinical information to influence clinical decision-making. They also have social and administrative functions such as access to benefits. They may also help explain why problems occur. Diagnostic constructs are used to describe diseases/syndromes and also other types of conditions such as spectrums of conditions. Treatments in medicine and psychiatry have several treatment objectives including cure or reducing distress and a variety of mechanisms of action apart from reversing disease/cure. Causation of conditions in medicine and psychiatry are often complex. The medical model allows doctors to assess and offer effective treatments to large numbers of patients and provide emergency cover. Diagnostic constructs in psychiatry and general medicine overlap for attributes such as clinical utility (e.g. predicting likely outcomes) and validity (e.g. lack of boundaries between different diagnostic constructs) and importance of social factors. There is an overlap in effectiveness between psychiatric and general medicine treatments and many general medicine medications do not reverse disease processes. Different mental health classifications have particular strengths and weaknesses for clinical, research, and social functions. Mental health research into understanding causes and mechanisms may need other classifications than diagnosis. As doctors in all specialties encounter mental health problems, there will always be psychiatric diagnostic constructs compatible with their training. Mental health research and service provision will always need to address psychosocial issues.
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The Problemata Physica, Attributed to Aristotle: The Arabic Version of Hunain Ibn Ishaq and the Hebrew Version of Moses Ibn Tibbon (Aristotle's Semitico-Lantinus, 11). Brill Academic Publishers, 1999.
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Clinical research on the efficacy of TENS. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199673278.003.0008.
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The acceptance of a treatment into mainstream medicine is influenced by a wide variety of factors. Traditionally, practitioners rely on information gleaned from their experience of using treatments on their patients although this can be misleading. Clinical research uses experiments to determine whether therapeutic effects of a treatment are attributed to its active ingredient by removing biases that confound clinical observation. This helps to determine whether treatments are efficacious. The purpose of this chapter is to overview evidence from clinical research on the efficacy of TENS for the management of pain by covering evidence-based practice, clinical research on acute pain including post-operative pain and labour pain, chronic musculoskeletal pain, including back pain and osteoarthritis, chronic neuropathic pain, including peripheral and central neuropathic pain, and cancer pain. It also discusses challenges in TENS research.
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Fuks, Abraham. The Language of Medicine. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190944834.001.0001.
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The words that physicians use with patients have the power to heal or harm. The practice of medicine is shaped by the potent metaphors that are prevalent in clinical care, and military metaphors and the words of war bring with them unfortunate consequences for patients and physicians alike. Physicians who fight disease turn the patient into a passive battlefield. Patients are encouraged to remain stoic, blamed for “failing” chemotherapy and sadly remembered in heroic obituaries of lost battles. The search for disease as enemy shifts the doctor’s gaze to the computer and imaging technologies that render the patient transparent, unseen and unheard. Modern treatments save lives but patients can be the victims of collateral damage and friendly fire. In The Language of Medicine, Abraham Fuks, physician, medical educator and former Dean of Medicine, shows us how words are potent drugs that must be tailored to the individual patient and applied in carefully chosen and measured doses to offer benefits and avoid toxicity. The book shines a light on our culture that deprecates the skill of listening that is, paradoxically, the attribute that patients most desire of their doctors. Societal metronomes beat rapidly and compress clinic visits into stroboscopic encounters that leave patients puzzled, fearful and uncertain. Building on research about physicians in practice, the experiences of patients, stories of medical students as well as the history of medicine, Dr. Fuks promotes an ideal of clinical practice that is achieved by humble physicians who provide time and space for listening, select words with care, and choose metaphors that engender healing.
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Goodman, Steven N., und Jonathan M. Samet. Causal Inference in Cancer Epidemiology. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190238667.003.0007.
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Judgments about causality are central to the development of interventions intended to reduce exposure to risk factors that cause cancer. Because causation is not directly observable in medicine, scientists and philosophers have had to develop sets of constructs and heuristics that define “cause” operationally. The criteria in this framework, often attributed to the British medical statistician Sir Austin Bradford Hill or to the 1964 Report of the US Surgeon General on tobacco, include consistency, strength of association, specificity, temporality, coherence/plausibility/analogy, biological gradient, and experiment. This chapter reviews these criteria in depth and considers the challenges of applying them to population research on cancer. It discusses the concepts of causation in the context of the multistage nature of cancer, the “counterfactual” notion of causation, the component cause model for understanding diseases with multiple causes, and the “weight of the evidence” approach for integrating information from multiple lines of research.
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Torrington, Matthew. Overview of the Addiction Recovery Industry. Herausgegeben von Shahla J. Modir und George E. Muñoz. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190275334.003.0002.
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This chapter traces the history of drug and alcohol use in America, starting in the 1850s through Prohibition, the emergence of Alcoholics Anonymous in 1935, and the treatment evolution around the 1950s. It reviews the US Drug Policy in the 1970s, the rise of the “designated driver” movement in the 1980s. There were 52,000 deaths due to overdose in 2015 with 33,000 of these attributed to opiates. The addiction-recovery business is now a $35 billion industry; yet there is still an access-to-care issue. Finally, this chapter examines the shift in medical culture to include risk evaluation and mitigation strategies, mandatory training in addiction and pain management, and the American College of Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) recognized medical specialty, addiction medicine. It presents the six different domains to best assess what intervention or treatment program is likely to help the patient and concludes that more money needs to be directed at mental health and addiction recovery programs.
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Kayukova, L. A., A. V. Vologzhanina und E. M. Yergaliyeva. SPIROPYRAZOLINIUM COMPOUNDS AS A RESULT OF β-AMINOPROPIOAMIDOXIMES INTRAMOLECULAR REARRANGEMENTS. Daryn, Almaty, Kazakhstan, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51580/2022-ebook.01.
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The monograph deals with unexpected rearrangements of β-aminopropioamidoxime derivatives, which form previously unknown spiropyrazolinium compounds. Recently we found that the 3,5-substituted 1,2,4-oxadiazoles, which are derivatives of β-aminopropioamidoximes, are of interest for practical medicine since they possess local anaesthetic, anti-tubercular and anti-diabetic properties. But when analyzing biological activity, it is necessary to take into account the chemical stability of the studied compounds. It turned out that 3,5-substituted 1,2,4-oxadiazoles taken for screening according to the Boughton–Katritzky rearrangement scheme are easily transformed into previously unknown spiropyrazolinium compounds and, thus, the pronounced biological activity observed in practice, should be attributed to them. In addition, when studying the reactivity of β-aminopropioamidoximes in the arylsulfochlorination reaction, it was found that salts (chlorides and arylsulfonates) of spiropyrazolinium compounds are instantly formed without isolating of the expected O-sulfoaryl-β-aminopropioamidoximes. The monograph describes this interesting structural feature of β-aminopropioamidoximes - to form spiropyrazolinium systems with a rich potential for biologically useful properties.
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Hardaway, Robert M. Marijuana Politics. ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400682827.
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What is the big deal about cannabis? This book covers everything from botany to the historical uses and common misconceptions of cannabis, with a focus on the political process of prohibition and legalization of cannabis in the United States. Why is marijuana—to which few if any deaths can be attributed—generally banned in the United States, while cigarettes and liquor—which unquestionably kill millions—are currently legal? This question can best be explained through an investigation of the historical context of cannabis in our country. This book documents the long history of marijuana use, the turbulent path of the prohibition of cannabis use, the issues regarding present-day legalization, and the modern implications of both medical and recreational cannabis. It provides compelling insight from multiple academic disciplines, including sociology, political science, economics, medicine, and health, and in particular from the history of the American experience with the criminalization of liquor, gambling, prostitution, and cigarettes. Marijuana Politics: Uncovering the Troublesome History and Social Costs of Criminalization examines the current trend toward the legalization of marijuana in the context of the American experience with particular emphasis on political, social, and constitutional developments in the United States beginning in the 20th century. It compares the trend toward marijuana legalization to Prohibition and U.S. laws regarding the consumption of alcohol and analyzes legal developments in comparable areas such as the regulation of other vices and hard drugs like cocaine and heroin. This book is written to be accessible to both casual readers or academic students and provides a robust understanding of both the historical and modern aspects of the drug itself and legalization, regardless of the reader’s individual beliefs on the use of cannabis.
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Broussal-Derval, Aurélien. Training and Conditioning for Judo. Human Kinetics, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781718225732.
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“Whether you’re training for judo, mixed martial arts, or wrestling, the diverse programming options in Training and Conditioning for Judo will help you meet the constantly changing demands of your physical, mental, and technical training.” —Colton Brown, U.S. Judo Athlete and Olympian “Aurélien’s strength and conditioning methodology was so specific that it helped me transfer my power from the gym to the mat.” —Gemma Gibbons, Silver Medal Winner at the 2012 Olympics “Training and Conditioning for Judo goes beyond training and straight to the heart of winning. It will train, prepare, and inspire you to excel. Truly a must-have.” —Alex Turner, U.S. Judo Athlete and Olympian Long one of the world’s most popular sports, judo is also one of the most physically demanding. Success requires hard work, dedication, support, and a no-nonsense, comprehensive training program—one specific to the sport as well as the individual attributes of the athletes who compete in it. Enter Training and Conditioning for Judo. A blend of science and tradition, Training and Conditioning for Judo delivers comprehensive, yet practical, programming for serious judokas and their senseis, instructors, and trainers. This integrated approach merges strength, speed, agility, and endurance training with judo-specific drills and activities, ensuring total preparation for combat, competition, and all-around excellence. With diverse programming options that will help you avoid performance plateaus, you’ll find training methodologies to incorporate into daily workouts: Muscle strengthening exercises for balance control, increased power, and improved kumikataEndurance training through running, power and lactic circuits, and uchi-komi to improve overall conditioningPlanning strategies for recovery cycles and tapering to time peak performance with competitionsRecovery and prevention protocols to keep the body resilient and to avoid injury You’ll use bodyweight, machines, medicine and stability balls, ropes, bands, and straps to keep training options fresh. Whether you’re a young or senior judoka, male or female, lightweight or heavyweight, you will develop the physical abilities needed to take down your opponent with force and confidence. With a black belt in both judo and Brazilian jujitsu and experience that includes training the British and Russian Olympic judo teams, Aurélien Broussal-Derval is uniquely qualified to help judokas—from beginners to competitive black belts—develop the balance, coordination, and power needed for success on the mat.