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Chinarov, A. V. „Foreign Trade Potential of Russian Meat Industry“. Economy of agricultural and processing enterprises, Nr. 5 (Mai 2018): 22–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.31442/0235-2494-2018-0-5-22-24.
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Clop-Gallart, Mercè, María Isabel Juárez und Montserrat Viladrich-Grau. „Has the euro been fattening the European pig meat trade?“ Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 67, No. 12 (14.12.2021): 500–510. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/109/2021-agricecon.
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The introduction of the euro is one of the great achievements of the European integration process. We ask whether the creation of the euro led to a significant increase in pig meat trade in the eurozone. The pig meat industry is the most important in the European meat sector, and the EU is the world's second-biggest producer of pork and the leading supplier of pig meat to the global market. No study has yet been conducted in this respect for this sector. Our results suggest that pig meat trade was encouraged between countries sharing the euro, although the impact of EU single market was still greater. Trade creation was also observed, increasing pig meat exports from eurozone to non-eurozone countries. Also, non-eurozone EU exporters suffer from a diversion effect that benefits eurozone exporters.
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Chinarov, A. V. „METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES FOR TRADE POTENTIAL ASSESSMENT OF RUSSIAN MEAT INDUSTRY“. Экономика сельского хозяйства России, Nr. 5 (2018): 49–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.32651/2070-0288-2018-5-49-53.
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Wu, Laping. „Rabbit meat trade of major countries: regional pattern and driving forces“. World Rabbit Science 30, Nr. 1 (31.03.2022): 69–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/wrs.2022.13390.
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In in the last 60 or so years, the global rabbit industry has been growing steadily. This paper studies the global rabbit meat trade by focusing on trade growth and regional pattern. First, rabbit meat productionand regional structure are introduced, as the basis of trade. Then, the global rabbit meat trade is studied in detail, including trade growth, regional structural changes, comparative advantages and competitiveness of major countries. Finally, a gravity model is built to test major factors affecting the rabbit meat trade andexplore the driving forces behind the trade. The data come from different channels, including the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, World Bank, the World Trade Organization and related government statistics. The results show that: (1) Over the past 60 yr, the global rabbit industry has achieved great progress. In the first half of the period, rabbit meat was mainly produced in Europe; then, rabbit meat production in Asia increased steadily and rapidly in the second half period, while European production decreased continuously. (2) The rabbit meat trade had been increasing for about 20 yr from 1961 to 1979, after which it fluctuated for another 20 yr. However, since 2001 it has been stable around an average level of 37 thousand tonnes, with only minor fluctuation. The trade pattern is currently from Asia (mainly China) and South America (mainly Argentina) to European countries. In 2018, the top 5 export destinations were Germany, Belgium, Italy, Portugal and France (3). Hungary and Argentina have been two strong competitorsin the last two decades, while Spain and Belgium are two new and promising countries in the rabbit meat trade. Now China no longer has comparative advantages in the rabbit meat trade (4). The gravity model results show that rabbit meat trade is mainly driven by demand. Countries with a high Gross Domestic Product tend to increase their imports more, but decrease their exports. Countries with higher populations export more rabbit meat but import less. Common language and contiguity of two countries have significant impacts on rabbit meat trade. Based on the above results, some suggestions and policy implications are provided. Rabbit farmers or processing companies should pay more attention to domestic consumers or neighbouring countries to survey potential markets; traders should explore more markets in order to reduce the degree of trade concentration and lower risks. Governments should popularise the nutritional knowledge of rabbit meat to encourage people (especially young people) to consume more healthy rabbit meat instead of pork, with a view to reducing obesity or other heart diseases, etc.
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Lyakhovska, Olena. „Ukraine’s foreign trade in meat and meat products: trends and geographical aspects“. Socio-Economic Problems of the Modern Period of Ukraine, Nr. 3(143) (2020): 48–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.36818/2071-4653-2020-3-7.
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Current trends in meat and meat products exports are considered. The dynamics and structural changes in meat exports by types and degree of processing (beef and veal, pork, poultry, finished meat products) are analyzed. The paper proves that in recent years, only meat and edible poultry by-products have taken a competitive position in the world market. Accordingly, the dynamics of exports of this type of meat is positive, and the share of these products in the structure of exported meat is the largest (86.09%). Possible threats to the growth of import dependence on certain types of meat products, in particular, chilled and frozen beef and veal, pork, are indicated. The rating of the largest countries-importers of meat and meat products (by types) from Ukraine is built, their share in the structure of meat exports is determined. Changes in the geographical structure of exports have been studied, which indicate a low level of diversification of the geography of exports of certain types of meat (pork, beef). At the same time, a positive development of the geographical structure of poultry meat exports (exported to more than 100 countries) was revealed. Problems of the export potential development in the meat industry of Ukraine are revealed. In particular, the problems of livestock development (outdated technologies and production techniques that reduce the efficiency and productivity; inefficiency of the organization of purchase and processing of meat, which leads to reduced breeding in small businesses and households; inefficiency of state incentives, etc.) and industrial meat production (lack of raw materials, obsolescence of fixed assets and production technologies, poorly developed logistics, etc.). The solution of these problems requires: a systematic approach, which will encourage the cooperation of agricultural and industrial production, cooperation with importers of meat products and protection of domestic producers in the domestic and international markets, creating a favorable investment and information environment that will promote the meat industry development.
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Warren, Wilson J. „The Meat Industry Goes Back to the Jungle“. Current History 120, Nr. 822 (21.12.2020): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/curh.2021.120.822.21.
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Major outbreaks of the coronavirus among workers in meatpacking plants have brought renewed public scrutiny to a hazardous industry. Working conditions had improved through the mid-twentieth century, after investigations by muckraking journalist Upton Sinclair and others early in the century exposed unsafe and unsanitary practices. But benefits and protections for workers have steadily eroded in recent decades, due to the decline of unions and rise of globalized trade and labor sourcing. The backsliding in an industry with a mostly immigrant workforce occurred largely out of the public eye, until the pandemic raised concerns about the food supply.
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Shang, Xia, und Glynn T. Tonsor. „Sanitary and phytosanitary regulations and international red meat trade“. British Food Journal 121, Nr. 10 (07.10.2019): 2309–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-10-2018-0663.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide an ex post econometric examination of SPS measures and their influences on red meat trade. Design/methodology/approach The authors conduct multiple new assessments to further assess the particular effects of specific SPS measures related to animal health, human health and maximum residue limits on red meat trade values. This finer assessment provides updated and more detailed insights into the marginal trade impacts of different SPS measures. Findings The current study sheds important light on the determinants of red meat trade. The economic conditions of destination countries and production capability of suppliers are key to determining trade values. Factors including personal income and exporters’ meat supply are identified as trade facilitators. Since the restrictiveness of SPS measures vary across beef and pork sectors, maintaining commodity-specific SPS measures is essential for accurate assessment of trade determinants. Originality/value This paper provides multiple contributions to the existing literature and more broadly the authors’ economic understanding on the increasingly contentious issue of global meat trade. Combined, this study yields several implications for food policy, trade negotiators and industry leaders given the growing role and surrounding controversies of trade in meat and livestock markets around the world. The authors further believe the paper would be of notable interest to fellow researchers consistent with the existence of a sizable published literature and ongoing debates in international meat trade.
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Ana, Daniela, und Ștefan Voicu. „After Arbeitsschutzkontrollgesetz. Strikes and Organic Intellectuals in the German Meat Industry“. Sociologie Romaneasca 21, Nr. 1 (30.06.2023): 93–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.33788/sr.21.1.5.
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For decades, migrant workers with temporary and service contract work in the German meat industry have rarely been recruited by trade unions. The Arbeitsschutzkontrollgesetz (“Occupational Safety and Health Inspection Act”) law implemented in 2021 aimed to grant equal employment conditions to the majority of the workers in slaughterhouses, creating new avenues for trade unions to gain more members and organize industry-level negotiations for better wages and a collective agreement. This article explores the lessons we can draw from the series of strikes that accompanied the negotiations. By relying primarily on participant observation in the meat industry strikes and employing an actor-centred perspective on industrial relations, the paper reveals the role of shop-floor organic intellectuals in mobilizing and demobilizing workers. The analysis of the strikes shows that organic intellectuals can be instrumental in articulating the resistance of subaltern groups, but they can also be co-opted by dominant groups to manufacture consent.
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Ana, Daniela, und Ştefan Voicu. „After Arbeitsschutzkontrollgesetz. Strikes and organic intellectuals in the German meat industry“. SEER 26, Nr. 2 (2023): 227–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2023-2-227.
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For decades, migrant workers with temporary and service contract work in the German meat industry have rarely been recruited by trade unions. The Arbeitsschutzkontrollgesetz (Occupational Safety and Health Inspection Act) law, implemented in 2021, aimed to grant equal employment conditions to the majority of workers in slaughterhouses, creating new avenues for trade unions to gain more members and organise industry-level negotiations for better wages and a collective agreement. This article explores the lessons from the series of strikes that accompanied those negotiations. Relying primarily on participant observation in the meat industry strikes and employing an actor-centred perspective, the paper reveals the role of shopfloor organic intellectuals – Gramsci’s term for those who grasp class interests and who generate cohesion and self-awareness of their class’s position in society – in mobilising and demobilising workers. Analysis of the strikes shows that organic intellectuals can be instrumental in articulating the resistance of subaltern groups, but they can also be co-opted by dominant groups to manufacture consent.
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Gawat, Mariero, Mike Boland, Jaspreet Singh und Lovedeep Kaur. „Goat Meat: Production and Quality Attributes“. Foods 12, Nr. 16 (21.08.2023): 3130. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12163130.
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Goat meat could be a sustainable source of red meat. Its farming requires minimal input, is suitable for free-range farming, and produces a healthier red meat option as it is lean. Although goat meat has advantages for meat production, it still needs to be established as a valuable part of the meat trade market. But, currently, goat meat production is less specialized; there is less intense breed selection for premium meat production, and often the animals are farmed with a multifunctional purpose, such as for their meat, fiber, and milk. The less structured goat meat industry contributes to the inconsistent quality of goat meat. This paper attempts to describe the characteristics of popular goat breeds and indigenous goats as a source of meat and the potential of various goat breeds for meat production. Additionally, this paper presents goat meat’s quality and physicochemical and sensory attributes that are relevant to understanding the unique attributes of goat meat. Much work is needed for the goat meat processing industry to develop its potential.
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Kálmán, Ákos, und László Szőllősi. „Global tendencies in turkey meat production, trade and consumption“. Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, Nr. 2 (01.12.2023): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/2/12594.
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Global meat production totaled 357 million metric tons in 2021. Poultry accounted for nearly 40 percent of total meat production, including 4.2 percent of turkey meat (5.8 million tons). Global turkey meat production has stagnated between 5.5 and 6.0 million tons since 2008, in contrast to the monotonous upward trend in poultry meat production. Turkey meat production generally occurs under well-integrated conditions, with some large multinational companies and smaller, regional players. The industry is exposed to a number of factors that affect supply and demand, including disease outbreaks, government regulations, consumer preferences, and economic conditions. Key factors driving market growth include population growth, urbanisation, and increasing consumer awareness of the health benefits of turkey meat over other meats. In addition, advances in processing, packaging, and distribution technology have improved turkey meat's shelf life and availability, further fueling growth. Turkey farming and production are mainly concentrated in certain regions such as North America and Europe, where industrialisation has a long history and infrastructure is well developed. Turkey meat production in these areas is sufficient to meet local demand and is often exported to other regions. However, in other regions where turkey farming is less developed, such as parts of Asia and Africa, turkey meat production is insufficient to meet local demand. This type of meat must be imported from other regions. The degree of self-sufficiency in turkey meat depends on the level of development of the sector in each region. This study investigates the factors affecting global and regional markets for turkey meat and systematised the development of global consumption, production, and trade of turkey meat.
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Kibona, Cornel Anyisile, Zhang Yuejie und Lu Tian. „Towards developing a beef meat export oriented policy in Tanzania: -Exploring the factors that influence beef meat exports-“. PLOS ONE 17, Nr. 6 (17.06.2022): e0270146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0270146.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors that influence beef meat exports in Tanzania, with a particular focus on the years 1985 to 2020, in enhancing the development of beef meat export-oriented policy in Tanzania, thereby enhancing beef exports in Tanzania. A time-series panel dataset was analyzed using both descriptive statistics and ordinary least squares (OLS) linear regression analyses models. As per the descriptive analyses, beef meat exports reached the highest pick of 4,300 tons per year in 1990, whereas from 1991 to date, beef meat exportation in Tanzania has been in declining trends despite an increase in beef meat output and trade openness from 162,500 to 486,736 tons and 7.6 to 98.7%, respectively. Nevertheless, while the prospect of Tanzanian beef meat exports appears bright and promising, the industry will continue to encounter trade barriers and must stay competitive to produce enough volume and quality beef meat to meet the needs of its existing and expanding markets. This is because, Tanzanian beef meat competes for market share with beef meat from other countries in the global markets, where customers pay a premium for lines of beef meat that meet quality standards while discarding those that do not. This indicates that the quantity of beef meat produced has no relevance to its world market share, but its quality standards do. Furthermore, the econometric results revealed that the coefficients of the terms of trade, Tanzania GDP per capita, global beef meat consumption, trade openness, and beef meat outputs were found to be significantly positive (P < 0.05) influencing beef meat exports in Tanzania, whereas the trading partners’ GDP per capita and exchange rate were not. The findings have varying implications as to what factors need to be addressed to further improve beef meat exports. From the farmer’s perspective, better access to adequate funds as a result of increased income benefit from export will assist in improving beef cattle productivity and quality to compete effectively in the global markets. From the government’s perspective, because trade openness promotes economic growth through export benefits, the Tanzania government and policymakers need to establish balanced policies to strengthen bilateral trade relationships to generate more opportunities in global markets.
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Bułkowska, Małgorzata. „THE POSITION OF PRODUCTS OF ANIMAL ORIGIN IN POLISH AGRI-FOOD TRADE“. Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists XIX, Nr. 5 (30.11.2017): 54–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.6203.
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The aim of the paper is to present the position of meat and dairy industries in the Polish agri-food trade in 2010-2016. The paper analyzes the changes in the geographical and commodity structure of trade in selected products in relation to the entire agri-food sector as well as evaluates their competitive position based on the comparative advantage (RCA) indicator. Analyzes has shown that despite import restrictions, the meat sector is crucial for the Polish food industry. It corresponds to about 20% of exports and generates 1/3 of surplus in trade in agri-food products. The fastest growing sector in Poland is the poultry industry, which has gradually increased its comparative advantages in analyzed period.
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Arida, Evy, Arief Hidayat, Mulyadi Mulyadi, Noor Laina Maireda, Dadang Rahadian Subasli und Mumpuni Mumpuni. „Consumption and Trade of Asian Water Monitor, Varanus salvator as Reliance on Wildlife for Livelihoods among Rural Communities in North Sumatra, Indonesia“. Journal of Tropical Ethnobiology 3, Nr. 2 (31.07.2020): 81–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.46359/jte.v3i2.40.
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The water monitor, Varanus salvator has been exploited for its skin to supply international demands for reptile leather, whereas meat, liver, and fat are consumed locally in some communities in North Sumatra. Demands for skin seems to be paralleled with meat consumption in this province for more than 25 years. We conducted direct interviews with hunters and collecting managers in five abattoirs in five towns in North Sumatra to obtain preliminary data on consumption and trade of Water monitor. Additionally, we explore the association between consumption, trade, and livelihood of rural communities. We found that lizards of all sizes were taken and processed in the abattoirs for skin and meat trade. Consumption of Water monitor meat in North Sumatra is partially driven by a cultural background and has been occurring probably longer than the skin trade for leather industry. We noted that meat of Water monitor also becomes an alternative protein source because of its lower price. In conclusions, benefits of Water monitor harvest are extended across levels of participants in the local trade, including hunters, collectors, and meat consumers. Meat consumption and skin trade are closely linked with one another in North Sumatra; nevertheless sustainability of the trade needs to be evaluated in the near future to predict demands and production capacity.
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Gredell, Devin, Heather Rode und David McKenna. „102 Developing Industry-Relevant Academic Research Programs in Meat Science“. Journal of Animal Science 97, Supplement_2 (Juli 2019): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz122.106.
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Abstract A synergistic relationship exists between the meat industry and meat science academic programs, leading to frequent collaboration between the two groups. This not only provides applied experience for students, but also allows the meat industry to utilize resources unique to academia and align academic research efforts to address industry issues. The meat industry is driven by efficiency; generally requiring ideas to be further along in development before thoroughly considering the incorporation of new ideas or technologies. This can lead to valuable improvements being overlooked simply because their full potential has not been previously demonstrated. In contrast, the university setting encourages the development of new ideas from the ground up. Therefore, academic research has frequently been the source of innovative concepts that have later been adopted by industry as common practice. It is this link between conceptualization and commercialization of new ideas that makes relationships between academic and industry scientists so valuable. By maintaining these relationships, the meat industry can express areas for improvement and innovation, so that academic scientists can adapt their research programs to address industry-relevant concerns. This not only fills a void in the industry research and development process but also provides funding opportunities for academic scientists, both directly from industry and from trade organizations funding academic research on behalf of industry members. Changes in the diversity of market animals, increased consumer interest in production history, labor shortages, and increased concern for sustainable food production only describe a few of the challenges facing the meat industry. To rise above these challenges, collaboration between industry and academia will undoubtedly be necessary. This session will focus on current and future areas of interest to promote industry-focused research within meat science academic programs.
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Sidorov, M. A. „Features of forming the regional meat-industry balance models“. Scientific bulletin of the Southern Institute of Management, Nr. 1 (27.04.2019): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.31775/2305-3100-2019-1-32-38.
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The article discusses the nature and history of the development of intersectoral balance models, the specifics of their construction, questions the feasibility of expanding the practice of applying the balance sheet liability method and reflect the advantages of its use in the context of development of regional socio-economic systems. Despite the fact that the region is an independent separate system, it is economically connected with the external environment, the structure of its production is influenced from the outside by commodity and financial flows and prices in the markets of goods and services. These interrelations have quantitative and qualitative characteristics, to quantitative it is possible to refer branch volumes of the made and consumed resources, to qualitative-their interindustry proportions. The basis for the purpose of trade is the cost of production, which varies by industry specialization of the regions within the framework of the combined interregional and international division of labor, which formed the value chain. As an example, given the cost factors in the production of food processing industry of the Vologda region compared to the national average, the conclusion is made about the availability of measurable quantitative differences between them.
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Capie, F. „Taste, Trade, and Technology: The Development of the International Meat Industry since 1840“. English Historical Review CXXII, Nr. 497 (01.06.2007): 845–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehr/cem163.
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Christodoulou, Maria. „Intra-industry trade in agrofood sectors: the case of the EEC meat market“. Applied Economics 24, Nr. 8 (August 1992): 875–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00036849200000055.
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Georgallis, Panikos. „Moral markets in energy: Bridging the gap between policy, industry, and society“. Open Access Government 38, Nr. 1 (12.04.2023): 412–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.56367/oag-038-10679.
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Moral markets in energy: Bridging the gap between policy, industry, and society Dr. Panikos Georgallis, an Associate Professor at the University of Amsterdam, does research on the interaction between companies and their socio-political environment when adapting to moral markets. Moral markets are sectors that emerge not only to address an economic opportunity but also to solve some social or environmental problems. This includes, for example, ethical fashion, organic goods, grass-fed meat, sustainable forestry, renewable energy, fair trade products, recycling and now, plant-based meat. These markets emerged to address some broader social or environmental challenge. They differ from conventional markets in a couple of ways. One is that their products are considered superior, not from a functional or a cost-based perspective, but normatively superior. We think that fair-trade products are better than non-fair-trade products, not because we can tell a difference in taste, but because of the way farmers are paid.
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Shapoval, B. „ANALYSIS OF THE STATE OF THE DOMESTIC MARKET AND EXPORTS OF DAIRY AND MEAT INDUSTRIES OF UKRAINE“. HERALD OF KHMELNYTSKYI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY 288, Nr. 6 (30.12.2020): 169–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5740-2020-288-6-28.
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The article analyzes the dairy and meat industries of Ukraine, their condition and potential vectors of development. The place of the meat and dairy industry in the country’s economy and its influence on the general development of the economy were determined. General trends in dairy and meat production, their development and prospects. The current state of the dairy industry, the level of dairy production by type, sees of the sales and sales in retail and wholesale trade. The change in production in combination with the last years, the level of sales for the last three years in percentage terms and export of dairy products to other countries are analyzed. The meat industry of Ukraine, its current state and prospects of development were also studied. The production of products for years and types, the size of wholesale sales of such products on the Ukrainian market are highlighted. The indicators of retail trade in food and mixed products in the context of recent years have been studied, as well as trends in increasing and decreasing production, sales on the domestic market and exports of meat and dairy products have been identified. The countries to which Ukraine exports the most meat, meat products, sausages and dairy products, including condensed and powdered milk, cheese and whey, have been identified. For comparison, the indicators of meat and dairy exports to Ukraine, Ireland, New Zealand and Poland were taken. These countries were selected in connection with similar conditions of development of the meat and dairy market. In terms of exports and production of the meat and dairy industry, the above countries are not leaders in the world market, but are certainly role models. Recommendations for further actions for meat and dairy producers for successful entry into foreign markets are provided.
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BOLSHAKOVA, Іevgeniia. „SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF MEAT-PROCESSING ENTERPRISES: PECULIARITIES OF STATE REGULATION“. Ukrainian Journal of Applied Economics 4, Nr. 3 (30.08.2019): 260–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.36887/2415-8453-2019-3-29.
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The article deals with the specificity and orientation of sustainable development of Ukrainian meat processing enterprises. Weaknesses in the state regulation of meat processing enterprises are identified. The necessity of forming a mechanism of state regulatory influence is substantiated within the framework of ensuring the sustainable development of the meat processing industry in Ukraine. The main directions of the state policy implementation are given in order to ensure sustainable development of the meat processing industry in Ukraine. The tool for sustainable growth of meat processing enterprises in Ukraine has been identified. The practical application of the proposed tools has its advantages, namely: producers of meat products receive the necessary credit resources as collateral for manufactured products; guarantee of a high-quality and effective system of raw material security, which enables to carry out operations under pre-regulated conditions that meet the criteria of relevance, transparency and objectivity; the possibility of regulating the financial and economic relations between meat producers and procurement organizations for wholesale and retail sales. Based on the conclusions drawn, it has been proved that the end result of the sale of meat products should be shared among all participants in the production and trade relations, depending on their costs. It is important to simultaneously and promptly adjust the financial and economic relations between the parties in the context of industrial-trade relations. At present, modern meat processing companies are experiencing significant difficulties due to the need to reduce production volumes and shortage of staff. As a result, much of the production capacity is half-force, which results in operating costs and, as a consequence, a significant increase in the price of final products. According to the study results, it is possible to achieve positive trends in the functioning of the meat processing industry as a whole and the socio-economic sustainability of the domestic industrial enterprises of the analyzed industry in particular by successfully implementing national, regulatory, financial, licensing, tariff and antitrust standards at the national level. Keywords: meat processing enterprises, directions of state regulation, mechanism of state regulatory influence, tools for sustainable growth of enterprises.
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Fenghe, Zhang. „Measurement and Analysis of Agricultural Products Trade Level between China and Ukraine“. Oblik i finansi, Nr. 4(94) (2021): 137–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.33146/2307-9878-2021-4(94)-137-146.
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The analysis of intra-industry trade and inter-industry trade in international trade in different regions can fully explain the status of export trade and the advantages and disadvantages of products in different regions. The purpose of this research is to analyze the overall agricultural trade situation between China and Ukraine and the nature of the specific trade. To analyze agricultural import and export trade data between China and Ukraine, the author uses the Grubel-Lloyd index (intra-industry trade index) and the Brulhart index (the marginal inter-industry trade index in a specific period). The Grubel-Lloyd index measures the intra-industry trade of a particular product. The Brulhart index is closely related to that of intra-industry trade, that being the export and import of the same items, but concerns changes in exports and imports between two points in time as opposed to their values at a given point in time. The research is based on data for 2011-2020, which are contained in the UN Comtrade database. The research results show that agricultural trade between China and Ukraine is mutually beneficial. The difference in agricultural resource endowment and agricultural structure directly affects the trade of agricultural products between the two countries. The agricultural products exported from China to Ukraine are mainly unprocessed or primary processed agricultural products. Seafood, meat products, fruits, and vegetables account for a large proportion. The main imports are also primary processed agricultural products such as grains and vegetable oils. The agricultural product trade between the two countries is mainly based on intra-industry trade, and the difference in agricultural technology level is an important factor in determining bilateral agricultural exports.
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Y., M. „Factors determining red meat trade to the Asian and African markets: Its implication to the Namibian red meat industry“. Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics 5, Nr. 9 (30.09.2013): 351–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/jdae12.153.
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Leite Filho, Arceste, Mirian Beatriz Schneider, Francielly Fonseca da Costa, Weimar Freire Da Rocha Jr und Alain Hernández Santoyo. „Chicken production competitiveness: commercial barriers, projections vs. reality, and perspectives of Brazilian industry managers“. Revista Tecnologia e Sociedade 19, Nr. 57 (13.09.2023): 307. http://dx.doi.org/10.3895/rts.v19n57.17448.
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This paper aims to analyze the tariff and non-tariff barriers affecting international trade in chicken meat and their impact on global trade between 2015 and 2016, using two approaches. The first draws from a study by Peterson and Orden (2005), where the authors projected scenarios concerning the evolution of tariff and non-tariff barriers in the international context, evaluating the accuracy of their predictions, and updating future scenarios. The second approach involved interviews with managers from the primary chicken meat-producing industries in the western region of Paraná to gauge their perceptions of the situation. These managers identified several key factors impacting competitiveness, including tariffs, technical and sanitary barriers, and specific legislation related to environmental criteria.
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Putri, Rahma Meiliza, Amzul Rifin und Erwidodo. „ANALISIS PERDAGANGAN INTRA INDUSTRI REGIONAL COMPREHENSIVE ECONOMIC PARTNERSHIP (RCEP) PADA PRODUK PERTANIAN“. Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan 15, Nr. 2 (24.12.2021): 181–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.30908/bilp.v15i2.570.
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Abstrak
Perdagangan intra-industri memainkan peranan penting dalam literatur ekonomi internasional saat ini. Pada tahun 2019, total ekspor Indonesia ke negara-negara anggota RCEP sebesar 61,65% dari total ekspor Indonesia, dan 44% dari total ekspor ke RCEP disumbang oleh sektor pertanian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji tingkat interdependensi Indonesia dengan 14 mitra dagangnya dalam RCEP. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder time series arus perdagangan komoditi pertanian Indonesia dengan negara-negara RCEP di tahun 2010-2019 yang diperoleh dari Trademap. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah intra-industry trade index. Hasil kajian pola perdagangan Indonesia dan RCEP yang diidentifikasi melalui keterkaitan perdagangan (IIT) menunjukkan komoditas yang memiliki nilai rata-rata IIT tertinggi adalah olahan tepung-tepungan (HS 19). Hal ini menunjukkan jika keterkaitan perdagangan Indonesia RCEP untuk produk tepung-tepungan (HS 19) bersifat dua arah (two-way trade). Sedangkan untuk negara, Malaysia adalah negara yang memiliki keterkaitan perdagangan terkuat dengan Indonesia. Nilai rata-rata IIT Indonesia-RCEP sebesar 19,74 menggambarkan keterkaitan banyak produk pertanian Indonesia dan RCEP yang masih rendah dan tergolong inter-industry trade. Rendahnya nilai IIT ini bisa saja disebabkan masih besarnya perdagangan satu arah di RCEP, dimana Indonesia masih dominan melakukan impor. Oleh karena itu, penting bagi pemerintah untuk lebih meningkatkan ekspor komoditas potensial dengan memberi insentif kepada industri pengolahan produk pertanian melalui keringanan pajak dalam jangka waktu tertentu.
Kata kunci: Intra-industry Trade, RCEP, Sektor Pertanian
Abstract
Intra-industrial trade plays an important role in today's international economic literature. In 2019, Indonesia's total exports to RCEP member countries amounted to 61.65% of Indonesia's total exports, and 44% of total exports to RCEP were contributed by the agricultural sector. This study aims to examine the level of interdependence between Indonesia and its 14 trading partners in RCEP. The data used is secondary data from the time series of trade flows of agricultural commodities between Indonesia and RCEP countries in 2010-2019 which were obtained from Trademap. The data analysis method used is the intra-industry trade index. The results of the study show, if there is a tendency to increase the IIT index of Indonesia with trading partners, it's just that when viewed from each RCEP member, the IIT value still tends to fluctuate. Malaysia is an RCEP member country with the highest IIT score in its agricultural sector, on the other hand, the agricultural sector in Cambodia has the lowest IIT score. Cereal and flour processed commodities (HS 19) were the commodities with the highest IIT, while meat and edible meat scraps (HS 02) were the commodities with the lowest value. Based on the results of the IIT value, it can be seen that many agricultural products are still classified as inter-industry trade. Therefore, it is important for the government to further increase potential commodity exports by providing incentives to processing agricultural industries through tax breaks for a certain period.
Keywords: Intra-industry Trade, RCEP, Agricultural Sector
JEL Classification: F10, F13, F1
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Rabula, Ronald A. „Economic Effects of a Countervailing Duty Order on the U.S. Lamb Meat Industry“. Agricultural and Resource Economics Review 26, Nr. 1 (April 1997): 82–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s106828050000085x.
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This paper provides the model, analysis, and results of the investigative research by the U.S. International Trade Commission (USITC) staff on the U.S. lamb market impacts from the countervailing duty (CVD) order imposed on certain U.S. imports of New Zealand lamb meat during 1985–90. Presented here are the monthly three-stage least squares model of the U.S. lamb meat industry at the wholesale or meat-packing level, along with the econometric results and analyses obtained from the USITC investigation. Analysis of model results quantifies average estimated CVD-attributed effects on U.S. lamb price, demand and supply of domestically produced lamb, and U.S. lamb import levels. A number of economic parameter estimates and inference results concerning U.S. wholesale lamb market relationships are reported and are of interest, given the scarce published research on the U.S. lamb industry.
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Aleksic, S., V. Pantelic und C. Radovic. „Livestock production: Present situation and future development directions in Republic of Serbia“. Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 25, Nr. 5-6-1 (2009): 267–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah0906267a.
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Livestock production is important branch of agriculture in Republic of Serbia. Over 700.000 households are engaged in this production, which is over 55% of total number of households. Livestock production provides necessary products (milk, meat, eggs) for nutrition of domestic population. Also, livestock production provides raw materials for food industry (dairy plants, slaughterhouses, meat industry, conditory industry and leather industry). Livestock production is expected to provide high quality products for export, primarily beef and lamb meat. Chance/opportunity for export exists also for cheeses of high quality (especially sheep and goat cheeses) of defined origin and quality. Based on available data, current situation in livestock production is assessed as inviolable. Number of heads of all species of domestic animals and poultry has been constantly decreasing over the period of last 12 years. The greatest decrease of number of heads of livestock was recorded in years 2000, 2001 and 2002, in all species of domestic animals. During this period, number of cattle decreased by 18,6%, of pigs by 11,8%, sheep by 12,3%, number of goats by 54,1%, horses by 66,0% and poultry by 28,0%. So, by the end of 2007, number of cattle was 1.087.000, pigs 3.832.000, sheep 1.606.000, goats 149.000, horses 18.000 and poultry 16.422.000. Republic of Serbia will in its near future become member of European Union (EU) and World Trade Organization (WTO), which means that livestock production should prepare for competition on unique developed market, without any state trade barriers. Serbia has been preparing for this since 2006 when it signed bilateral agreement on free trade with neighbouring countries - Central European Free Trade Agreement (CEFTA) and in this way became part of the market and accepted the competition rules on the free market. Accession to EU and WTO includes liberalization of trade in livestock products, low possibility for import protection, implementation of quality standards (HACCP; ISO, Global GAP), reduction of the level of domestic support, discontinuing of export subsidies, increase of profitability and ability to be competitive on the international market.
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Szűcs, István, und Viktoria Vida. „Global tendencies in pork meat - production, trade and consumption“. Applied Studies in Agribusiness and Commerce 11, Nr. 3-4 (31.12.2017): 105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.19041/apstract/2017/3-4/15.
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World meat production is anticipated to stagnate in 2016, rising by a mere 0.3% to 320.7 million tonnes. Increases in output are expected in the United States, Brazil, the EU, India and the Russian Federation, while reduced production is foreseen for China, Australia and South Africa. Global meat trade is forecast to recover in 2016, growing by 2.8% to 30.6 million tonnes, which would represent a return to trend, after a fall in 2015. World production of pig meat in 2016 is forecast to decrease marginally, by 0.7% to 116.4 million tonnes, thus registering a second year of virtual stagnation. As in 2015, lower output in China, which accounts for almost half the world total, is the main reason for the slowdown. An unfavourable feed-pork price ratio in the country and new environmental regulations have caused farmers to reduce breeding sows, stalling growth. China’s production is projected to be 54 million tonnes, down 2.5% from the previous year. Elsewhere in Asia, the Philippines and Vietnam could boost output. Also, production in Japan and the Republic of Korea may expand, as the industry recovers from outbreaks of PED, which reduced piglet numbers in the previous two years. Recovery from the effects of PED has been faster in the United States, where a second year of growth is anticipated, when production could increase by 1.9% to a record 11.3 million tonnes. Output in Mexico also continues to recover, following a PED outbreak in 2014, and may rise in 2016 by 2.0% to 1.3 million tonnes. Pork meat trade could experience a second year of growth, increasing by 4.4% to 7.5 million tonnes – a record level. Lower international prices have stimulated trade. Most of the principal importing countries are anticipated to increase their purchases, including Mexico, China, the Russian Federation, the United States, Japan, the Republic of Korea and Australia. In response to rising demand, exports are projected to grow, in particular those of the United States, Canada, the EU and Brazil (FAO, 2016). Summarizing, in this study we wish to examine how evolve the world pork meat production, trade and consumption, and to demonstrate the main consuming countries, highlighting the role of China, as it is the most populated country in the world with its 1.4 billion inhabitants.
JEL Code: Q13, Q12
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SHARNIN, V. N., und V. I. CHINAROV. „THE ROLE OF PIG-BREEDING IN FORMATION OF THE DOMESTIC MEAT MARKET“. PIG-BREEDING, Nr. 2 (2023): 4–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.37925/0039-713x-2023-2-4-6.
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The implementation of the Strategy for the development of meat industry at the Russian Federation for the period up to 2020 and the consistent policy pursued by the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation has ensured positive changes at pig-breeding. Russian pork industry has reached a stable import substitution since 2009 and successfully manages with internal and external factors. Full self-sufficiency according to rational consumption standards was achieved at domestic pork market in 2013, according to medical standards ‒ in 2020. At the same time, all the prerequisites were created for the entry of domestic pork producers on world markets. As a result, our country has a positive foreign trade balance on more than 120 thousand tons of pork annually for last two years.
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Oraz, G. T., A. B. Ospanov, U. Chomanov und A. A. Tursunov. „Method for cutting semi-carried beef for export“. Bulletin of the National Engineering Academy of the Republic of Kazakhstan 80, Nr. 2 (30.06.2021): 125–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.47533/2020.1606-146x.94.
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The experiment relates to the meat industry and can be used for cutting beef half-carcasses in slaughterhouses for wholesale trade, mainly for export. The technical result of the claimed experiment is the cutting of beef half-carcass in accordance with international standards, which allows to export beef meat to foreign companies, since it fully meets all the stated requirements for these companies.
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Tul-Krzyszczuk, Agnieszka, und Paweł Jankowski. „The Impact of Innovation on the Global Competitiveness of Polish Meat and Dairy Enterprises“. Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego 19(34), Nr. 1 (01.04.2019): 120–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/prs.2019.19.1.11.
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The aim of the study was to analyse innovations implemented in the milk and meat industries, and their impact on increasing competitiveness. The study showed that the 2010-12 period saw the most product and process innovations being introduced. On the other hand, innovations in marketing were found to be more popular in 2013. Three groups of similar innovations were distinguished. The milk industry stood out when it comes to the extent of innovations implemented. Fewer innovations were found in the poultry meat industry. Beef and pork meat processing was the least innovative. The innovativeness of enterprises is greater with larger numbers of employees and the increase in scope of their field of operation. The implementation of innovations resulted in: improvement of the quality of goods (services), increase in stock, productive capabilities and revenues from sales, emergence of new markets, increase in competitiveness and prestige of the firm. Those are confirmed by the very good performance of foreign trade and better competitiveness rates of Polish meat producers.
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atkins, p. j. „Taste, trade and technology: the development of the international meat industry since 1840 – Richard Perren“. Economic History Review 60, Nr. 1 (Februar 2007): 234–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0289.2007.00381_31.x.
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Horowitz, R. „Richard Perren. Taste, Trade and Technology: The Development of the International Meat Industry since 1840“. Enterprise and Society 8, Nr. 2 (25.05.2007): 426–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/es/khm031.
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Ellies-Oury, Marie-Pierre, Jean-François Hocquette, Sghaier Chriki, Alexandre Conanec, Linda Farmer, Marie Chavent und Jérôme Saracco. „Various Statistical Approaches to Assess and Predict Carcass and Meat Quality Traits“. Foods 9, Nr. 4 (22.04.2020): 525. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9040525.
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The beef industry is organized around different stakeholders, each with their own expectations, sometimes antagonistic. This article first outlines these differing perspectives. Then, various optimization models that might integrate all these expectations are described. The final goal is to define practices that could increase value for animal production, carcasses and meat whilst simultaneously meeting the main expectations of the beef industry. Different models previously developed worldwide are proposed here. Two new computational methodologies that allow the simultaneous selection of the best regression models and the most interesting covariates to predict carcass and/or meat quality are developed. Then, a method of variable clustering is explained that is accurate in evaluating the interrelationships between different parameters of interest. Finally, some principles for the management of quality trade-offs are presented and the Meat Standards Australia model is discussed. The “Pareto front” is an interesting approach to deal jointly with the different sets of expectations and to propose a method that could optimize all expectations together.
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Mondéjar-Jiménez, Juan Antonio, Francisco Sánchez-Cubo und José Mondéjar-Jiménez. „Consumer Behaviour towards Pork Meat Products: A Literature Review and Data Analysis“. Foods 11, Nr. 3 (24.01.2022): 307. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11030307.
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Knowing the behaviour of consumers is essential for all types of companies, including meat companies. For this purpose, academia is an ally of industry, and analysing scientific production seems crucial for conducting future research. Therefore, this study aimed to carry out an exhaustive review of the literature, relying on both descriptive and bibliometric analyses, the latter being through the application of clustering techniques by simple centres. The main results and conclusions are as follows: (1) consumer perceptions, behaviours and attitudes towards food are the main focus of research in this area; (2) the ingredients and additives of meat products are the main concerns in the industry regarding such products; (3) sausages are the dominant meat product; (4) and pork, as well as other types of meat, fall under the generic umbrella term meat. Furthermore, there is a lack of studies considering age, sex and income cohorts. Such lack might have led to finding consumer behaviour and the welfare of animals not significant despite the presupposed positive correlation. The main limitations for researchers are around the availability of budgets and the existence of trade secrets.
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Goto, Shingo, und Yan Xu. „Improving Mean Variance Optimization through Sparse Hedging Restrictions“. Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis 50, Nr. 6 (Dezember 2015): 1415–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022109015000526.
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AbstractIn portfolio risk minimization, the inverse covariance matrix prescribes the hedge trades in which a stock is hedged by all the other stocks in the portfolio. In practice with finite samples, however, multicollinearity makes the hedge trades too unstable and unreliable. By shrinking trade sizes and reducing the number of stocks in each hedge trade, we propose a “sparse” estimator of the inverse covariance matrix. Comparing favorably with other methods (equal weighting, shrunk covariance matrix, industry factor model, nonnegativity constraints), a portfolio formed on the proposed estimator achieves significant out-of-sample risk reduction and improves certainty equivalent returns after transaction costs.
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Horn, Henrik, und Petros C. Mavroidis. „US – Lamb: United States – Safeguard Measures on Imports of Fresh, Chilled or Frozen Lamb Meat from New Zealand and Australia: What Should be Required of a Safeguard Investigation?“ World Trade Review 2, S1 (2003): 72–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474745603001071.
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The United States (US) imposed, in July 1999, a safeguard on lamb meat, in the form of tariff rate import quotas, which were to be applied for a period of three years. The measure was based on findings by the US International Trade Commission that increased imports of lamb meat were a substantial cause of threat of serious injury to the US industry producing the like product. Following complaints by New Zealand and Australia that the measure was inconsistent with Articles I, II and XIX of GATT 1994, and several provisions of the Agreement on Safeguards, the World Trade Organization (WTO) Dispute Settlement Body established, in November 1999, a panel to review the consistency of the US measure with the mentioned WTO rules.
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HORN, HENRIK, und PETROS C. MAVROIDIS. „US – Lamb United States – Safeguard Measures on Imports of Fresh, Chilled or Frozen Lamb Meat from New Zealand and Australia: what should be required of a safeguard investigation?“ World Trade Review 2, Nr. 3 (November 2003): 395–430. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474745604001521.
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The United States (US) imposed, in July 1999, a safeguard on lamb meat, in the form of tariff rate import quotas, which were to be applied for a period of three years. The measure was based on findings by the US International Trade Commission that increased imports of lamb meat were a substantial cause of threat of serious injury to the US industry producing the like product. Following complaints by New Zealand and Australia that the measure was inconsistent with Articles I, II and XIX of GATT 1994, and several provisions of the Agreement on Safeguards, the World Trade Organization (WTO) Dispute Settlement Body established, in November 1999, a panel to review the consistency of the US measure with the mentioned WTO rules.
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Minh, Doan Nguyen, Le Thi Viet Nga, Dinh Tran Ngoc Huy und Pham Minh Dat. „Vietnam’s Meat Import Market Under Impacts Of The European -Vietnam Free Trade Agreement And Quality Management Demand“. Management 25, Nr. 1 (01.01.2021): 99–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/manment-2019-0061.
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Abstract The impact of Free Trade Agreement (FTA) on commercial business of the member could be assessed by the potential and tangible effects. This paper is adopted by Partial equilibrium theory and SMART tool to measure the impact of EVFTA on the Vietnamese meat import (HS code 02). The result of this model is claimed that EVFTA has a huge impact on boosting the meat import from EU to Vietnam. However, the value of import in this category from European nations in each country and good fluctuated significantly. This study also proposes some measures for domestic businesses and the government to ensure the benefits on Vietnam’s livestock industry. Last but not least, meat quality management is one of vital issues under EFVTA and global competitiveness to meet higher expectation of consumers. Good food (meat) manufacturing practices need to be applied. That is the social contribution value of this paper.
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Djunaidi, Harjanto, und Andrew C. M. Djunaidi. „The Economic Impacts of Avian Influenza on World Poultry Trade and the U.S. Poultry Industry: A Spatial Equilibrium Analysis“. Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 39, Nr. 2 (August 2007): 313–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1074070800023014.
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Simulation results showed that simultaneous outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in Asia, the United States, Brazil, and selected European countries will have significant impacts on world poultry trade. Assuming demand for chicken meat is constant, the global export price is simulated to increase by 9.63%. HPAI outbreaks in the United States, Economic Union, and Brazil will have a greater impact on export price than in any other possible three-region case. Outbreaks in the United States and Brazil would still lead to major impacts on world poultry trade, confirming large country effects.
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Shao, Ankang, Jirsen Ning, Tsu-Yang Wu, Haonan Li und Jimmy Ming-Tai Wu. „Designing the Novel Imported Pork Producer Declaration Price Index Using Chinese Customs Import Declarations“. Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2022 (01.09.2022): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5654482.
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Pork accounts for a high proportion of the Chinese population’s meat consumption, and imported pork is heavily traded, reducing supply of domestic pork in the face of continued demand. Global pork markets are becoming more competitive, riding the wind of the bilateral free trade agreement. The World Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) compiles prices for other major food categories but does not track changes in the imported pork prices in China. This study has filled this gap by designing the Imported Pork Producer Declaration Price Index (PPI_IPD). Using the well-known Producer Price Index (PPI) model, PPI_IPD is based on the data from Chinese customs import declarations, which has high reliability and reasonableness. For this reason, the index can help governments, enterprises, analysts, and others to conduct analysis for imported pork prices in China and avoid international trade risks. The findings show that proposed PPI_IPD is highly correlated with the Chinese domestic pork market and the pork price industry stock market. The index helps monitor changes in international pork prices and is an effective tool for analyzing and controlling trade risks.
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Chung, Chanjin, Tong Zhang und Derrell S. Peel. „Effects of Country of Origin Labeling in the U.S. Meat Industry with Imperfectly Competitive Processors“. Agricultural and Resource Economics Review 38, Nr. 3 (Dezember 2009): 406–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1068280500009655.
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The study examines the impacts of implementing mandatory country of origin labeling (COOL) on producer and consumer welfare in the U.S. meat industry. The equilibrium displacement model developed in this study includes twenty-nine equations representing retail-, processing-, and farm-level equilibrium conditions for the beef, pork, and chicken industries. Unlike previous studies, the model allows trade between domestic- and foreign-origin products and considers the imperfectly competitive market structure of meat processers. Empirical results show that without a significant increase in domestic meat demand, producers are not expected to benefit from the mandatory COOL implementation. Results of a sensitivity analysis indicate that consumers tend to bear more COOL costs than producers, as the own-price elasticity becomes more inelastic, and that producers’ benefits increase as the elasticity of domestic demand becomes more elastic with respect to the price of imported products. The existence of market power in upstream and downstream markets of processors negatively affects both consumer and producer surplus. One implication of our findings is that U.S. beef and pork producers’ promotion and advertising programs would be successful in expanding domestic demand when the programs make the own-price elasticity of domestic demand more inelastic and the cross-price elasticity of domestic demand more elastic with respect to import price.
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McWatters, Cheryl S., und Peter Foreman. „Reaction to World War I constraints to normal trade: the meat-packing industry in Canada and Australia“. Accounting History 10, Nr. 2 (Juli 2005): 67–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/103237320501000204.
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Burrell, Alison. „Animal Disease Epidemics: Implications for Production, Policy and Trade“. Outlook on Agriculture 31, Nr. 3 (September 2002): 151–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/000000002101294001.
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The outbreak of a highly infectious animal disease in a disease-free area is an ever-present risk. Recent epidemics in European livestock populations illustrate that the cost in terms of eradication, lost production and trade disruption may be high. In this paper, the implications for the meat and livestock industry, government policy and international trade rules are considered. The need for strict biosecurity and effective contingency plans is stressed. Options such as private insurance, animal tracing systems and emergency vaccination are discussed. Current measures for controlling animal disease epidemics raise various social and ethical issues that complicate the policy makers' task.
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Conanec, Alexandre, Brigitte Picard, Denis Durand, Gonzalo Cantalapiedra-Hijar, Marie Chavent, Christophe Denoyelle, Dominique Gruffat, Jérôme Normand, Jérôme Saracco und Marie-Pierre Ellies-Oury. „New Approach Studying Interactions Regarding Trade-Off between Beef Performances and Meat Qualities“. Foods 8, Nr. 6 (07.06.2019): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods8060197.
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The beef cattle industry is facing multiple problems, from the unequal distribution of added value to the poor matching of its product with fast-changing demand. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the interactions between the main variables, evaluating the nutritional and organoleptic properties of meat and cattle performances, including carcass properties, to assess a new method of managing the trade-off between these four performance goals. For this purpose, each variable evaluating the parameters of interest has been statistically modeled and based on data collected on 30 Blonde d’Aquitaine heifers. The variables were obtained after a statistical pre-treatment (clustering of variables) to reduce the redundancy of the 62 initial variables. The sensitivity analysis evaluated the importance of each independent variable in the models, and a graphical approach completed the analysis of the relationships between the variables. Then, the models were used to generate virtual animals and study the relationships between the nutritional and organoleptic quality. No apparent link between the nutritional and organoleptic properties of meat (r = −0.17) was established, indicating that no important trade-off between these two qualities was needed. The 30 best and worst profiles were selected based on nutritional and organoleptic expectations set by a group of experts from the INRA (French National Institute for Agricultural Research) and Institut de l’Elevage (French Livestock Institute). The comparison between the two extreme profiles showed that heavier and fatter carcasses led to low nutritional and organoleptic quality.
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DuBois, Thomas David. „Many roads from pasture to plate: a commodity chain approach to China’s beef trade, 1732–1931“. Journal of Global History 14, Nr. 1 (14.02.2019): 22–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1740022818000335.
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AbstractThe advent of refrigerated transport made fresh beef a global commodity, linking South American and Australian producers to hungry consumers in Europe and North America. With vast supplies of cattle, and growing markets in Japan, Russia, and beyond, China was the last great frontier of this global transformation. Rather than a single export trade, China’s beef industry was a complex and multidirectional network of producers, processors, and consumers, its many production chains each facing distinct commercial, logistic, and political challenges. This article examines three such chains, the Qing-era caravan trade that drove live sheep and cattle to Beijing, the Harbin meat-packing industry that grew up around the Russian China Eastern Railway, and Japanese-dominated export of beef from Qingdao. A cross-section of these issues shows how the industry as a whole adapted to the new pressures and opportunities of globalization, as well as those presented by technology, foreign investment, imperialism, and war.
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MALDONADO-SIMAN, E., R. BERNAL-ALCÁNTARA, J. A. CADENA-MENESES, J. R. ALTAMIRANO-CÁRDENAS und P. A. MARTINEZ-HERNÁNDEZ. „Implementation of Quality Systems by Mexican Exporters of Processed Meat“. Journal of Food Protection 77, Nr. 12 (01.12.2014): 2148–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-14-003.
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Requirements of hazard analysis and critical control points (HACCP) are becoming essential for international trade in food commodities as a safety assurance component. This research reports the level of the adoption of ISO 9000 and the HACCP system by Federal Inspection Type (TIF) pork-exporting enterprises. Implementation and operating costs are reported as well as the benefits involved in this food industry process. In Mexico, there are 97 companies classified as TIF enterprises, and 22 are registered as exporters of processed pork with the National Services for Safety and Quality and Animal Health of the Secretariat of Agriculture, Livestock, Rural Development, Fisheries and Food. Surveys were administered to 22 companies, with a 95.2% response rate. Enterprise characteristics were evaluated, as well as their operating activities. Fieldwork consisted of administering structured questionnaires to TIF exporters. All the surveyed enterprises had implemented HACCP, whereas the ISO 9000 regulation was applied in only 30%. Of total production, 75% is exported to 13 countries, and 25% goes to the Mexican market niche. Results indicate that the main factors for adopting HACCP are related to accessibility to international markets, improving quality, and reducing product quality audits by customers. The results also indicated that staff training was the most important issue. Microbiological testing was the highest cost of the operation. The main benefits reported were related to better access to international markets and a considerable reduction in microbial counts. This study shows the willingness of Mexican pork processors to implement food safety protocols for producing safe and quality products to compete in the international food trade.
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Pawlak, Karolina, und Luboš Smutka. „Does Poland’s agri-food industry gain comparative advantage in trade with non-EU countries? Evidence from the transatlantic market“. PLOS ONE 17, Nr. 9 (16.09.2022): e0274692. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0274692.
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Accession of Poland to the European Single Market generated trade creation and diversion effects, which in turn resulted in a high degree of concentration of the Polish foreign trade in agri-food products with other EU countries. On the one hand, a high share of export to the markets of countries with a stable market economy is a confirmation of the Polish agri-food sector’s capacity to compete on the foreign markets. On the other hand, when considering limited capability to increase food demand in the EU it provides grounds for the assumption that further export expansion to a considerable extent will depend on the potential expansion of sale to non-EU markets. In this context significant issues include diversification of target markets and search for prospective markets outside the EU, while they also determine directions of an advantageous export specialization. In the period up to 2021 the USA was the fourth non-EU export partner of Poland in the agri-food sector after the United Kingdom, Ukraine and Russia. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the level of comparative advantages of the Polish agri-food sector on the EU and US markets in 2004–2021 using Widodo’s products mapping technique. The study used statistical data from the ComExt database of the European Statistical Office (Eurostat). The conducted studies showed Polish export specializations in the transatlantic trade, as confirmed by high comparative advantages, as well as a positive and steadily improving trade balances for food preparations, including meat, cereal, fruit and vegetable, as well as confectionery preparations, and less processed animal origin products (meat and offal as well as dairy produce). Poland had a disadvantageous competitive position in trade of products complementary in relation to domestic production, which import was necessary. In view of the comparative cost theory the directions of the realized export specialization were rational and should be maintained. While in trade with the other EU countries the competitive position of the Polish agri-food sector was weakened, it was strengthened on the US market. In view of the considerable EU market saturation the improved competitive capacity in the non-EU markets is a positive development, which is a promising finding particularly in the long-term perspective.
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Putnik, P., und D. B. Kovačević. „Meat consumption: theory, practice and future prospects“. Theory and practice of meat processing 6, Nr. 4 (02.01.2022): 335–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21323/2414-438x-2021-6-4-335-342.
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This research reviewed human meat consumption and highlighted associated history, challenges and benefits. Selected literature for the manuscript was from relevant titles and reliable international sources. From early times of the mankind meat consumption and animal husbandry were inseparable parts of living, and with similar consequences as dramatic influence on environment. Human need for meat consumption fueled development of large world markets with incredible trade, processing and consumption. This overconsumption has caused health problems associated with high intake of cholesterol and sodium chloride. Another problem with meat consumption is the use of additives in processed products. In modern time these problems are tackled by the use of additives from plants that have health benefits. Thermal processing is yet another problem with meat consumption that food industry and science addresses by non-thermal replacements (e. g. high-pressure processing and electrotechnologies). Recently, interesting alternatives for meat processing included 3D Printing that is able to engineer admirable meat products from by-products. However, this technology might need to employ enzymes such as transglutaminase, associated with potential health problems and misleading the customers. Unfortunately, fraudulent activities are common for meat products and it would be prudent to organize enforcement centers with at least police and analysts skilled in chemometrics and various laboratory techniques for food defense. It seems as humankind expands it will seek more proteins from plant, insects, unicellular biomass, and synthetic meat than from the animal origin, however all of the alternatives must be carefully evaluated against consumer acceptance, public health and environmental concerns.
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Matošková, D., und J. Gálik. „Selected aspects of the internal and external competitiveness of Slovak agricultural and food products“. Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 55, No. 2 (18.02.2009): 84–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/579-agricecon.
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The article describes the competitiveness of Slovak agricultural and food products after the accession of the Slovak Republic into the EU. The analysis has shown that even despite the increased subsidization and full liberalisation of trade, the competitiveness of our products still needs to develop. The main reason behind this is the poor efficiency of production and the lack of innovation activities. Most agricultural commodities are profitable only because of subsidies. Processing industry is the main contributor to the worsening deficit of trade balance. Specific commodities with good sales potential in the EU market include cereals, malt, wheat flour, dairy products, live cattle and sheep meat.