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1
Shehab-Eldin, Elsayed Hassan. „Travelling wave distance measurement in E.H.V. power systems“. Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.254446.
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2
Lowe, Bradley Shayne. „A New Method of Determining the Transmission Line Parameters of an Untransposed Line using Synchrophasor Measurements“. Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/56607.
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Transmission line parameters play a significant role in a variety of power system applications. The accuracy of these parameters is of paramount importance. Traditional methods of determining transmission line parameters must take a large number of factors into consideration. It is difficult and in most cases impractical to include every possible factor when calculating parameter values. A modern approach to the parameter identification problem is an online method by which the parameter values are calculated using synchronized voltage and current measurements from both ends of a transmission line.
One of the biggest problems facing the synchronized measurement method is line transposition. Several methods have been proposed that demonstrate how the line parameters of a transposed line may be estimated. However, the present case of today's power systems is such that a majority of transmission lines are untransposed. While transposed line methods have value, they cannot be applied in real-world scenarios. Future efforts of using synchronized measurements to estimate transmission line parameters must focus on the development and refining of untransposed line methods.
This thesis reviews the existing methods of estimation transmission line parameters using synchrophasor measurements and proposes a new method of estimating the parameters of an untransposed line. After the proposal of this new method, a sensitivity analysis is conducted to determine its performance when noise is present in the measurements.Master of Science
3
Benedik, Christopher. „Modeling and Minimization of Integrated Circuit Packaging Parasitics at Radio Frequencies“. Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1376605018.
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4
Tauro, Yvonne Agnes Pearl. „An Iterative Technique for Instrument Transformer Calibration and Line Parameter Estimation with Synchrophasor Measurements“. Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/77706.
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The introduction of synchrophasor technology to the realm of power systems has presented a myriad of novel approaches to age-old problems. In this thesis, the questions of instrument transformer calibration and transmission line parameter estimation have been examined. With synchrophasors offering real-time data for analysis, a solution to each individual problem seems feasible. A quandary however arises due to the fact that calibration methods depend on accurate knowledge of line parameters, and estimation of these parameters depend on calibrated measurements. Traditional methods of determining the parameters may not be the most accurate due to a variety of fluctuations possible on the system, which is why real-time estimation could prove beneficial. This work analyzes each problem and a feasible solution and proposes a method to achieve transducer calibration as well as parameter estimation together, while employing synchronized phasor measurements.Master of Science
5
Bartoš, Patrik. „Testování přenosových parametrů internetového připojení“. Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-442361.
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This thesis deals with methodology for measuring transmission parameters of internet connection. The aim of the thesis is to cover and compare known methods used for testing. Based on the research then design and realize an application that will provide those kind of measurements.
6
Krishnan, Aravind. „On the fading parameters characterization of the alpha-mu distribution = measurements and statistics = Caracterização dos parâmetros de desvanecimento da distribuição alfa-mu: medidas e estatísticas“. [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/259680.
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Orientadores: Michel Daoud Yacoub, Ugo Silva DiasDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Elétrica e de Computação
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-20T07:39:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Krishnan_Aravind_M.pdf: 14799172 bytes, checksum: ef1f7ee0181d66e5163ba0926643ca9e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011
Resumo: Esta tese apresenta os resultados de medidas de campo conduzidas na freqüência de 5.5 GHz, com o objetivo de caracterizar os parâmetros do modelo de desvanecimento alpha-mu. Mais especificamente, uma quantidade de situações é investigada para se determinar a densidade de probabilidade e a função de autocorrelação destes parâmetros. O range de valores possíveis são então sugeridos baseado nos dados empíricos. Adicionalmente, as variações instantâneas da magnitude dos parâmetros correspondentes são mostradas em função do deslocamento do receptor ao longo do percurso. Os resultados provêem informações importantes sobre a utilidade prática do modelo alpha-mu mostrando, em seguida, que as estatísticas do sinal recebido se distanciam bem daquelas dos modelos conhecidos
Abstract: This thesis presents the results of field trial measurements conducted at a frequency of 5.5 GHz in order to characterize the parameters of the !-? fading model. More specifically, a number of situations are investigated in which the probability density function and the autocorrelation function of these fading parameters are described. The ranges of possible practical values of the parameters are then suggested as an outcome of the empirical data. In addition, the instantaneous magnitude variations of corresponding parameters are shown as a function of the receiver position along the path. The results provide important information about the practical usefulness of the !-? fading model, showing, in addition, that the received signal statistics greatly departs from the well known statistical models
Mestrado
Telecomunicações e Telemática
Mestre em Engenharia Elétrica
7
Novotný, Václav. „Dynamické vlastnosti výfukové soustavy a přenos hluku do kabiny osobního automobilu“. Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-229108.
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This thesis deals with the complex analysis of dynamic characteristics of the exhaust system and the transmission of noise from exhaust system to the vehicle. In the first part is performed modal analysis, which is compared to experimentally measured data. Modal analysis of the complete exhaust system is made with focusing on the influence of temperature of the exhaust system. There is also performed an analysis of noise transmission from exhaust system to the car cockpit.
8
Wang, Chen. „Renewable Energy Integrated Power System Stability Assessment with Validated System Model Based on PMU Measurements“. Diss., Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/101015.
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Renewable energy is playing an increasingly significant role in power system operation and stability assessment with its numerous penetration expansion. This is not only brought by its uncertain power output and inverter-based equipment structures but also its operation characteristics like Low Voltage Ride Through (LVRT). It is thus necessary to take these characteristics into consideration and further to find more adaptive schemes to implement them for more effective analysis and safer power system operation. All the aforementioned is based on the accurate identification of the system fundamental information. In this dissertation, a systematic approach is proposed to find the valid system model by estimating the transmission line parameters in the system with PMU measurements. The system transient stability assessment is conducted based on this validated model. The constrained stability region is estimated with Lyapunov functions family based method in the center of angles reference frame considering renewables LVRT as operation limits. In order to integrate the LVRT constraints, a polytopic inner approximation mechanism is introduced to linearize and organize the transformed constraints in state space, which brings much scalability to the whole process. From the voltage stability perspective, an approach to adaptively adjust LVRT settings of the renewable energy sources in the system is formulated to guarantee the system load margin and thus the voltage security. A voltage prediction method is introduced for critical renewable energy sources identification. Estimation methods based on interpolation and sensitivities are developed and conducted for saving computation effort brought by continuation power flows. Multiple test cases are studied utilizing the proposed approaches and results are demonstrated.Doctor of Philosophy
9
Salamon, Lino. „Transmission and capture cross section measurements by the time-of-flight technique for validation of pile-oscillation experiments in the Minerve reactor“. Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0312/document.
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Ce travail présente l'étude de faisabilité des mesures de transmission avec des échantillons MINERVE à l'installation de temps de vol GELINA. L'idée principale était de définir des procédures pour analyser les résultats des mesures de transmission réalisées avec des échantillons cylindriques ne répondant pas à la géométrie de transmission idéale. La capacité d'extraire des résultats fiables a été démontrée sur l'exemple des échantillons MINERVE enrichis en argent. De plus, des mesures de transmission et de capture avec des disques standards d'argent naturel ont été effectuées pour améliorer les paramètres de résonance pour 107Ag et 109Ag. Les principales étapes de ce travail sont la réduction des données brutes (taux de comptage) pour produire des spectres de transmission et de rendement de capture, puis l'analyse des spectres avec le code d'analyse de forme des résonances REFITThis work presents the feasibility study of transmission measurements with the MINERVE samples at time-of-flight facility GELINA. The main idea was to define procedures to analyse results of transmission measurements using cylindrical samples which do not fulfil the ideal transmission geometry. Capability of extracting reliable results was demonstrated on the example of MINERVE samples enriched in silver. In addition, transmission and capture measurements with standard discs of natural silver were performed to improve the resonance parameters for 107Ag and 109Ag. The main steps in this work are the data reduction of measured count rate spectra to produce final transmission and capture yield spectra and the spectra analysis with the resonance shape analysis code REFIT
10
Jiao, Xiangqing. „Fault Location in Transmission Systems Using Synchronized Measurements“. UKnowledge, 2017. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/ece_etds/100.
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Compared with conventional measurements from supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system, phasor measurement units (PMUs) provide time-synchronized and direct measurements of phasors. The availability of synchronized phasor measurements can significantly improve power system protection and analysis. This dissertation is specifically committed to using synchronized measurements for estimation of fault locations in transmission systems.
Transmission lines are prone to various short-circuit faults. Accurate fault location is critical for rapid power recovery. Chapter 2 proposes a new fault location method based on sparse wide area measurements. One distinguishing feature of this method is its applicability to both transposed and untransposed transmission lines. In addition, the method is developed based on sparse-wide area measurement that may be taken far away from the faulted line. Shunt capacitances of transmission lines are also fully considered by the algorithm. Moreover, when synchronized measurements from multiple buses are available, an optimal estimator can be used to make the most use of measurements, and to detect and identify potential bad measurements.
Most of the existing fault location literatures discuss common shunt faults, including single line-to-ground faults, line-to-line faults, line-to-line-to-ground faults, and three-phase faults. However, in addition to common shunt faults, some complex faults may also occur in power systems. Among these complex faults, evolving fault and inter-circuit fault are two typical examples. Chapter 3 extends the method developed in Chapter 2 to deal with evolving faults. The proposed wide-area fault location methods are immune to fault type evolution, and are applicable to both transposed and untransposed lines.
Chapter 4 discusses location of inter-circuit faults. Inter-circuit fault is a type of simultaneous fault, and it is the most common simultaneous fault type. Inter-circuit faults between each circuit in a double-circuit line is the most common inter-circuit fault. A fault location method for inter-circuit faults on double-circuit lines are developed and evaluated in Chapter 4.
Chapter 5 puts forward a fault location algorithm, which does not require line parameters information, for series-compensated transmission lines. Two-end synchronized voltage and current measurements are utilized. The proposed method is independent of source impedance and fully considers shunt capacitances of transmission lines.
11
Miller, Eric Lawrence. „Statistical estimation of atmospheric transmission parameters“. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/74845.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1992.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 150-156).
by Eric Lawrence Miller.
M.S.
12
Rhee, Sang-Yoon. „An investigation of forward transmissive quasi-distributed fiber optic sensing for dual parameter measurement /“. The Ohio State University, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu148640189520653.
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13
Al-Eryani, Samira Mohammed Abdullah. „Vectoral parameters of malaria transmission in Taiz, Yemen“. Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.501721.
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Malaria is the most important vector-borne disease in Yemen, the country with the highest incidence of malaria in the Arabian Peninsula. A 24-month study in two villages in Taiz region mvestigated vectorial as-cts of malaria transmission. In pyrethrum knockdown (PKD) and light trap (LT) catches, eight species were identified from a total of 3,407 anophelines. Vhe study has provided 3fl important vectorial evidence base on malaria transmission in Yemen, to inform future control strategies.
14
Wang, Jiajun. „Measurement and identification of pneumatic tyre parameters“. Thesis, Loughborough University, 2011. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/33663.
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This report deals with the measurement and identification of important parameters of various tyre models. Being a necessary step in the process of tyre related simulations, tyre testing is an important subject. In particular, making the test procedure simpler, more efficient and test results more accurate is what explored the most. For this project, after extensive studies on tyre modelling and testing, two problems were chosen to tackle. The first problem is tyre structural parameter identification being too difficult to carry out and time consuming, tyre modal testing in particular. The second problem is the usage of simple tyre models is limited due to they are normally parameterized on expensive professional tyre testing machines which are not commonly found in normal labs. In this study, it focuses on the identification of longitudinal relaxation length. In order to deal with the first problem, a convenient and effective approach of extracting tyre modal parameters is established. Compared with the conventional multi-degree curve fitting method, this new developed approach improves the efficiency and simplifies the curve fitting process dramatically while still maintaining adequate accuracy. In terms of solving the second problem, the development of a tyre relaxation length test is initiated. Virtual simulations using Matlab/Simulink have been carried out which has verified its principle. Feasibility, equipment design and the proposed test procedure of the practical test will also be discussed.
15
Berrie, Jeffery A. „Measurement of electrical parameters for planar materials /“. The Ohio State University, 1992. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487759436328874.
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16
Statz, C., J. Küttner, D. Plettemeier und Thomas Herlitzius. „SEBIMO - Microwave-based Measurement of Soil Parameters“. Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-229895.
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17
Carpenter, David C. „Investigation into track parameters for simulation of electrified railway systems“. Thesis, University of Bath, 1993. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.332948.
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18
SANTOS, ALEXANDRE FERREIRA DOS. „ASSESSMENT OF QOS PARAMETERS IN VOICE OVER IP TRANSMISSION“. PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2004. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=5243@1.
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Este trabalho apresenta um estudo visando a estabelecer uma
metodologia
para dimensionamento de um sistema VoIP, focalizando, em
particular, o
dimensionamento de um multiplexador estatístico. Procuramos
aplicar modelos e
resultados existentes para o problema geral do
multiplexador estatístico ao caso
específico de um sistema VoIP, levando em conta as
características do tráfego, os
requisitos de QoS e os princípios das arquiteturas Intserv
e Diffserv. Para isto,
apresentamos um resumo da tecnologia VoIP, incluindo seus
requisitos de
qualidade e os protocolos apropriados para transportar este
tipo de mídia na
Internet. Discorremos sobre os mecanismos de controle de
tráfego usuais em redes
de pacotes com QoS, assim como sobre as Arquiteturas de QoS
definidas pelo
IETF . É apresentada uma revisão de modelos de tráfego e
modelos aplicáveis à
análise de multiplexadores estatísticos, com destaque para
o chamado modelo
fluido aplicado à descrição do tráfego gerado por um
agregado homogêneo de
fontes de voz, além de um estudo comparativo entre
respostas obtidas
analiticamente com aquelas obtidas por meio de simulação. A
influência do tipo
de codificador e de parâmetros como tamanho de pacote é
investigada,
mostrando-se a dificuldade em se dispor de um modelo
analítico capaz de levar
em conta, de forma precisa, os diferentes formatos do
sistema VoIP. Por fim,
estabelece-se um cenário para aplicação dos modelos a um
sistema VoIP.This work presents a study aiming at to establish a methodology for sizing a VoIP system, focusing, in particular, the sizing of a statistical multiplexer. We apply existing models and results for the general problem of the statistical multiplexer to the specific case of a VoIP system, taking in account the characteristics of the traffic, the requirements of QoS and the principles of the architectures Intserv and Diffserv. For this, we present a summary of the VoIP technology, including its requirements of quality and the protocols appropriate to carry this type of media in the Internet. We discourse on the usual mechanisms of traffic control in packet networks with QoS, as well as on the Architectures of QoS defined by the IETF. A revision of traffic models and applicable models to the analysis of statistical multiplexers, with prominence for the fluid model applied to the description of the traffic generated for a homogeneous aggregate of voice sources, is presented. Besisdes, a comparative study of behavior gotten analytically with those gotten by means of simulation is made. The influence of the coder and parameters as so packet size is investigated, revealing the difficulty in finding an analytical model capable to take in account, with precision, the different formats of the VoIP system. Finally, we establish a scenario for application of the models to a VoIP system.
19
SILVA, HELIO ANTONIO DA. „TRANSMISSION LINE FAULT LOCATION NOT REQUIRING ZERO-SEQUENCE PARAMETERS“. PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 1999. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=7781@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROOs algoritmos para a localização de falta encontrados na literatura são baseados em equações algébricas obtidas da malha de falta [4], [16]. Para as faltas monofásicas, a resistência de arco, a resistência de pé de torre e a impedância de sequência zero da linha são incluídas. Essa última impedância, por ser composta de uma soma entre as impedâncias longitudinal e de retorno pela terra (multiplicada por três), pode comprometer a precisão desses algoritmos na indicação do local da falta, pois, a resistividade do solo sob a linha varia frequentemente. Dados reais [25] e de testes laboratoriais [50] têm comprovado isso. Apesar da variação dessa resistividade, nenhum dos algoritmos publicados na literatura questionou a utilização dessa impedância no processo de localização de falta. O objetivo deste trabalho é justamente propor um novo algoritmo capaz de localizar qualquer falta, sem se apoiar nos parâmetros de sequência zero da rede. A principal contribuição deste trabalho está na utilização somente dos circuitos de sequência positiva e/ou negativa para a localização de faltas em sistemas de potência. Por não utilizar qualquer parâmetro de sequência zero, o novo algoritmo aqui proposto é capaz de localizar falta, tanto em linha de transmissão com subestações em derivação ao longo de sua extensão quanto em linha sem essas subestações em derivação. Na primeira, a localização de falta não foi contemplada por qualquer algoritmos publicados na literatura, pois, esses tinham como objetivo, o atendimento somente às linhas sem subestações em derivação ao longo de sua extensão. Por isso, além do ineditismo na forma de localização, este novo algoritmo é aplicável à qualquer configuração de linha, o que representa uma contribuição adicional deste trabalho. Esse novo processo visa a localização de falta em sistemas elétricos, mesmo os fortemente malhados. Por isso, constitui o embrião de uma possível e provável nova filosofia de proteção para relés de distância.
Present fault location algorithms are based on algebraic equations derived from the faulty network [4], [16]. Their common characteristic is to use zero-sequence description to apply Kichoff`s Laws. As a result, the are resistance, the tower footing resistance and the zero-sequence impedance of the line are included in the overall system of equations, describing the network. This last impedance, composed by the longitudinal and by the ground retum impedances scaled by three, frequently compromises the these algorithms accuracy. The reason is the underline ground resistance fluctuation with temperature, rain, etc. a very annoying fact, particularly in understudied remote tropical regions, a common situation in Brazil. In spite of the noticed ground-resistance variations, none of the algorithms published in specific literature has questioned the use of this impedance in the fault location producedures. The aim of this work is to propose a new algorithm capable to locate any fault, requiring no support of the network zero-sequence parameters and/or negative-sequence circuit network models. Avoiding the of zero-sequence parameters permits the new fault location algorithm to be applied not only to isolated transmission lines, but to a variety of network topologies, including transmission lines tapped by local distribution substations, a completely new result. The proposed algorithm not only is less sensitive to local physical conditions, but may be applied to complex transmission line configurations, which represents an additional contribution of this work. The new process includes fault location for transmission lines embeded in extremely meshed power networks it, therefore, constitutes the beginning of a new of distance relay protection philosophy.
20
Rao, S. Madhusudana. „Optical Metrology:Techniques For The Measurement Of Optical Parameters“. Thesis, Indian Institute of Science, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2005/204.
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The work reported in this thesis has been carried out in the following two areas of Optical metrology:
1. Measurement and correction of prism angles
2. Measurement of refractive indices using a spectrograph.
The prism angles are conventionally tested by mechanical bevel protractors, autocol-limators (angle dekkors), simple interference techniques and interferometers.
All these methods have their own limitations either in accuracy or in terms of cost.
Mechanical methods are usually employed to measure the angles of prisms. Interference techniques and interferometers are also used but they need optically polished components. For both mechanical and simple interference methods of testing, it is essential to fabricate more than a single component in number. The process of building interferometers or purchasing interferometers, angle dekkors and standard angle gauges is not cost effective for many research laboratories, and medium scale industries. To overcome these difficulties simple and inexpensive methods without sacrificing the accuracy in the bargain are suggested for the measurement of prism angles, based on the principles of reflection of light.
The refractive indices of prism materials for invisible and weaker spectral lines are usually determined from spectrograms using dispersion formulae and numerical interpolation techniques. In these methods, the accuracy of the results depends on the accuracy of determining the constants of the dispersion formulae. A simple experimental technique, using a spectrograph, is devised for the measurement of refractive indices of solids and liquids both for visible and invisible spectral lines (wavelengths).
The thesis has been divided into six chapters.
The first chapter starts with the general introduction.
The second chapter presents the literature review of the existing methods for angle and refractive index measurements.
The third chapter describes the proposed new techniques for prism angle measurements.
The fourth chapter presents the experimental results of angle measurements, and the discussion of the accuracy of the results. This chapter also gives the scope for further research.
The fifth chapter describes a newly proposed technique for measuring refractive indices and the experimental results. This chapter also gives the scope for further research.
The summary of the results, conclusions, and suggestions for further work are presented in chapter six.
21
Dagtekin, Ebru. „Measurement Of Nonuniform Magnetized Argon Plasma Discharge Parameters“. Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607934/index.pdf.
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Effects of a magnetic field on the double-probe technique are studied experimentally by means of symmetric floating computer controlled fast double probes in low and intermediate pressure plasmas. In addition, the effects of the magnetic field on the electron temperature, electron density, and electric field have been investigated. As it is expected, when there is no magnetic field, properties of the discharge plasma are best described by Langmuir theory. Whereas, when there&rsquos a magnetic field of sufficient strength Schottky&rsquo
s theory of ambipolar diffusion applies.
22
Zhao, Yixiang, und Hao Niu. „Measurement of dynamic parameters of Delta-Sigma ADC“. Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för elektronik, matematik och naturvetenskap, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-12678.
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In present day, digital signal processing (DSP) is a popular technology and widely used in many fields. There have increasing number of applications that need high resolution converters. Therefore, analog-to-digital converters play a major role in DSP, and a well-performed ADC will enhance the performance of a certain system. Different types of ADCs are available for various functions. Delta-sigma converters are famous for high resolution. Dynamic parameters can be used to judge the performance of an ADC, this paper will focus on the critical parameters of spectrum analysis, which contains Signal-to-Noise-and-Distortion Ratio (SINAD), Effective Number of Bits (ENOB) and Spurious-free Dynamic Range (SFDR). The theory and test method of these critical parameters are proposed in this paper using the Evaluation Module and Matlab. The results we acquired from the Evaluation Module are SINAD=86.15dB, SFDR=109.2dB, ENOB=14.177bits; and the results we calculated from MATLAB are: SINAD=86.14dB, SFDR=108.8dB, ENOB=14bits.
23
Whelan, Edmund Peter. „Measurement of the Michel parameters in tau decays“. Thesis, Lancaster University, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.386442.
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24
Yin, Fan. „Measurement of parameters for design of adsorption chiller“. Thesis, University of Bristol, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.601213.
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Adsorption refrigeration is one method of using waste heat/solar thermal power to generate cooling. However, the current performance of adsorption chillers needs to be improved. The key to optimising the design of the chiller is to understanding the adsorption parameters for different working pairs. In these parameters, the most important ones are: (1) equilibrium adsorption capacity and (2) the kinetic adsorption rate. Based on measurements of capacity and adsorption rate coefficient, parameters used in the design of the chiller like the length of the fin, the thickness of the adsorbent bed and the cycle time were studied computationally. Therefore, this thesis concerns the measurement of adsorption process parameters experimentally, and thereafter, the modelling of a chiller design. The equilibrium capacities of silica-gel/water and two types of activated carbon cloth (Chemviron Tm FM10 and FM100)/methanol were measured by thermogravimetric experiments in the temperature range of 30 to 80 'C . The isotherms of silica-gel/water were fitted by Henry's Law (Uptake<35%) and the isotherms for two types of ACC/methanol were fitted by the Toth equation. A new torsion balance was designed and built to measure the kinetics of the working pairs under different temperatures. By testing this newly designed balance with different sample temperatures and materials, different rate coefficients were obtained. The experiments also indicated that the rate coefficient for adsorption of silica-gel/water increased with temperature: the adsorption rate coefficient doubled following heating from 30'C to 60"C . On the other hand, the rate coefficient of the ACE/methanol pairs appeared to be unaffected by the temperature of the adsorbent. A discussion of experimental error and underlying physic is given in this thesis. Measurements were used in a model of a coated f10 system. Fin length, bed thickness and cycle time were varied in order to get an optimised solution. The performance changes caused by different parameters are presented and discussed.
25
Freeman, Alan John. „Measurement of physiological parameters with echo-planar imaging“. Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.262655.
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26
Dong, Chen-Koung. „Measurement of printer parameters for model-based halftoning“. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/12812.
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27
Jones, Paul. „Electrical measurement of large area substation earth grids“. Thesis, Swansea University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367883.
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28
Enshayan, Kamyar Short Ted H. „Measurement of solar radiation transmission in solar ponds /“. Connect to resource, 1989. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1145375001.
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Enshayan, Kamyar. „Measurement of solar radiation transmission in solar ponds“. The Ohio State University, 1989. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1145375001.
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Pink, Clive Desmond. „Liquid level measurement using a coplanar transmission line“. Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/8326.
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Bibliography: leaves 93-94.The coplanar line has been used very successfully as an element in microwave circuits. Small size, high Q-factor, and accurate reproduction, are some of its many advantages. The coplanar transmission lines discussed in this report, are targeted at liquid level measurement, and are typically 30 cm. long. Their operating frequencies are consequently much lower than those of microwave coplanar waveguides, but they have common advantages. The factor which separates the coplanar line from similar liquid level sensors, is that it makes use of the electrical component of the electromagnetic fringe field, setup between its inner conductor, and the surrounding ground plane. The line is effectively a sharply tuned resonator, incorporated as the frequency controlling element of an electronic oscillator. The output frequency falls as a dielectric material penetrates the fringe field. An impressive sensitivity is accomplished by using very thin conductors, thereby ensuring that the fringe field energy is maximised. The most important feature of this sensor is its ability to operate non-intrusively when used with non-conducting vessels, or if employed in a metal tank, the unit can be encased in a dielectric material where the line is non-contacting (the liquid does not penetrate the unit). This combined with its excellent mechanical and electrical stability, and an accuracy better than 1 percent, makes the coplanar line a strong competitor in the field of liquid level measurement. The research began with a theoretical approach, and used lines machined from an Aluminium plate for characteristic impedance measurement. An empirical relation between the gap width, the line thickness, and the characteristic impedance of the line is presented. To assist with the design of the sensor, a lumped capacitance model of the line was developed. Various geometries were tested, and modified until a near linear response to water level was achieved. An advanced engineering model of the level sensor has been developed, which incorporates a stable digital output display, user calibration from the line's end points, and temperature compensation. A T-shaped line, which concentrates the field around its open end, was used for other applications such as, evaporation monitoring, measurement of slurry settlement, and to observe the effect of acids, bases, and salts in water. Various applications of the different coplanar line designs are proposed.
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Olof, S., A. Forsberg, Merkoulova Daniel Torres und Kruphalan Tamilselva. „Non-contact Current Measurement of Power Transmission Lines“. Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-200511.
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Anil, Kumar R. „Measurement Of Solar Cell AC Parameters Using Impedance Spectroscopy“. Thesis, Indian Institute of Science, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2005/203.
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Photovoltaic (PV) conversion of solar energy appears to be one of the most promising ways of meeting the increasing future energy demand. In space, photovoltaic power source is the only alternative. The demand for higher power has necessitated the use of high speed switching charge controller and power conditioner. To design an efficient and reliable switching charge controller, the static (I-V) and dynamic (AC) characteristics of a solar cell need to be understood.
The AC parameters of a solar cell can be measured either by Frequency Domain technique or by Time Domain technique. In frequency domain technique, a small signal is applied about the operating point and the AC parameters are measured. Hence, in the frequency domain technique the steady state values of AC parameters at a particular operating condition are measured. In time domain technique, a transient measurement is made where the cell voltage varies from short-circuit to open circuit or vice versa. Hence, this technique gives only the time constant of a solar cell.
The impedance spectroscopy is a frequency domain technique widely used in electro chemistry to study battery characteristics. In the present investigation, the impedance spectroscopy is proposed for measuring the AC parameters of solar cells. An experimental set-up has been developed to measure the solar cell AC parameters.
The AC parameters of Silicon (BSR and BSFR) solar cells and GaAs/Ge solar cells are measured using impedance spectroscopy (IS). The cell capacitance, the parallel resistance and the series resistance are measured and compared. GaAs/Ge solar cell has shown only transition Capacitance throughout its operating range while silicon (BSR and BSFR) solar cells exhibited both transition and diffusion capacitances. Theoretical and experimental values of the cell parallel resistance are compared and are in good agreement. While the diode factor in silicon solar cell varies from 2 to 1, where as in GaAs/Ge solar cell it varies from 4 to 2 to 1. Measurements conducted using open circuit voltage buildup (time domain technique) on silicon BSR solar cell shows that the collected data can be used for the restricted purpose of measuring cell transient response. The dime domain technique could not estimate the solar cell.
It may be noted that the impedance spectroscopy assumes piece-wise linearity of the solar cell characteristics, lending itself for easy measurement and modeling. This assumption is valid as the signal amplitude is less than thermal voltage (VT). Since, the parameters are measured under steady state, the values are more stable and accurate.
An attempt has also been made to correlate the measured AC parameters with the requirements of switching charge controllers. These correlations can be used to design the switching controllers for device rating, circuit stability and other aspects.
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MacRitchie, Jennifer. „Elucidating musical structure through empirical measurement of performance parameters“. Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2011. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2357/.
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The differences between a musical score and an instance of that music in a performance, communicates a performer’s view of the information contained in that score. The main hypothesis in this thesis is that by measuring quantifiable parameters such as tempo, dynamics and motion from live performance, the performer’s interpretation of musical structure can be detected. This will be tested for pieces for which the structure is explicit and obvious, and then used to discover musical structure from looking at patterns of aural and visual performance parameters in performances of more ambiguously structured pieces. This thesis is in two strands. The first part covers the acquisition of multi-modal parameters in piano performance. This will explore current technologies in acquiring MIDI information such as accurate onset timings and key velocities as well as motion tracking systems for measuring general body movements. A new cheap, portable and accurate system for tracking the intricacies of pianists’ finger movement is described as well as methods and tools available for analysis and visualisation of musical data. The second strand of this thesis will explore uses of these capture systems in empirically measuring performance parameters to elucidate musical structure. Two experiments follow which test the hypothesis of detecting musical structure from parameters such as tempo, dynamics and movement, before using these patterns as a basis for discovering structure in performances of the finale of Chopin’s B flat minor sonata. Body movement is discovered as an indicator of phrasing boundaries, which when combined with the measured aural parameters provides interpretations of the performed music. Phrasing boundaries are identified correctly for the control piece (Chopin’s Prelude in A major Op.28, No.7) and consequently for the first test piece (Chopin’s Prelude in B minor Op.28 No.6). The proceeding experiment identifies performers’ style of phrase endings through performances of the control piece and tests them against patterns found in the second test piece (Chopin’s B Flat minor Sonata Finale). Five out of the six performers confirm the musicological hypothesis that bar 5 is not the entry of a new theme but the continuation of the the theme beginning in bar 1.
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Quigley, James A. „A measurement of the tau Michel parameters at SLC“. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/45478.
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Gunaratne, Chanaka Sujidhara Rajasinghe. „Traffic-based SIR measurement for power control in W-CDMA“. Thesis, University of Surrey, 2002. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/844316/.
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Accurate and fast power control is perhaps the most important aspect in W-CDMA, in particular on the uplink. This thesis describes the work earned out to evaluate and enhance the link-level performance of closed-loop power control (CLPC) for the UMTS-FDD uplink. Factors that influence the performance of the CLPC scheme amongst others include the round-trip delay, UE (User Equipment) speed, dynamic range of the handset, the level of diversity available at the receiver and the accuracy of SIR (Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio) estimation and channel estimation. The above-mentioned performance improvement is obtained by focussing on the SIR measurement aspect of the power control scheme, and to this end, two new signal quality estimation techniques are proposed and evaluated. Based on the two algorithms, a further comparison is made to investigate the effects of SIR measurement before and after RAKE combining of the signal. Firstly, an improved Eb/N0 estimator is proposed and its performance evaluated both in a stationary (Gaussian) as well as a Rayleigh channel. The improvement in the estimator's performance is obtained by the addition of a smoothing filter to an existing algorithm. The improved algorithm, based on maximum likelihood estimation, is shown to improve the performance of CLPC with an average gain of 0.25 dB (i.e. the average gain for a range of UE speeds) in the power control error (PCE) in a narrowband channel, over the performance without the filter; the algorithm would also offer gains in the wideband channel when the SIR measurement is done before RAKE-combining of the signal. The second algorithm is a traffic-based SIR measurement scheme, so-called because it uses a dedicated traffic channel for the SIR measurement, and hence specific to UMTS-FDD. Again, using the standard deviation of the PCE as the performance metric, it is shown that this scheme achieves gains in the PCE of up to 1.4dB (1.15dB on average) for the 4.75-12.2kbps speech service and up to 2.75dB (2.5dB on average) for 144kbps data, both in UMTS Vehicular environments. The gains achieved are with respect to the performance obtainable with the SIR measurement technique proposed by 3GPP (using dedicated pilot symbols), and they translate to improvements in the CDMA capacity at system-level. Furthermore, the algorithm, which currently assumes perfect blind rate detection, provides a higher improvement in the performance of CLPC for higher data rates (as the figures exemplify), which is an additional advantage since higher data-rate users cause more interference to the network by transmitting higher powers. Results obtained using the PCE performance metric also indicate that the higher path diversity available in W-CDMA (compared to narrowband systems) does not necessarily convert to improved system performance, especially when combining weak taps in the channel, i.e. the performance either stays the same or somewhat degrades. Finally, using the uncoded bit error rate (BER) as the performance metric, two further SIR measurement techniques, both based on variations of the two algorithms discussed earlier, are proposed and compared. The Pre-RAKE scheme, in which the SIR measurement is carried out before RAKE combining of the signal vs. the Post-RAKE scheme where the measurement is carried out after, are compared. The overestimation problem that occurs with the Pre-RAKE scheme is highlighted; hence, it is concluded that Post-RAKE schemes offer superior performance over their Pre-RAKE counterparts. The work has highlighted several issues that need careful consideration as far as SIR measurement is concerned, whether it be for power control or any other radio resource management technique; the overestimation problem which occurs for low SIR values as well as the issue of the number of symbols available for the measurement, can contribute significantly to the SIR measurement error, degrading the performance of CLPC in turn. In addition, it is also useful to have an idea of how much the true SIR can vary within the duration of measurement. Last but not least, the little or no improvement in performance obtained when combining weak taps is attributed to the performance and robustness of the channel estimation algorithms employed; they tend to add more noise than signal power to the RAKE-combined signal when used to combine paths with low Eb/N0 values. The SIR measurement algorithms proposed and discussed in this thesis can be implemented directly in UMTS receivers. On the other hand, the knowledge and information contained herein and the logical approaches considered can lead to the development of new ideas as well as new algorithms.
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Baker, J. R. „The measurement of vibrational power transmission using laser technology“. Thesis, University of Southampton, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.358950.
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Lo, Kam Tong. „Measurement and modelling of vibration transmission through piled foundations“. Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.339629.
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Forth, C. J. Patrick. „An investigation of scaling parameters governing film-cooling“. Thesis, University of Oxford, 1985. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:aea5722e-89e5-4916-9bc4-2bc2631de9d9.
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Experiments were performed using an Isentropic Light Piston Tunnel, a transient facility which enables conditions representative of those in engines to be attained. The results were interpreted using a superposition model, which is shown to be a valuable and concise method of characterising the effects of injection.
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Bohlen, Simon Gerd [Verfasser]. „Measurement of Electron Parameters using Thomson Scattering / Simon Gerd Bohlen“. Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg Carl von Ossietzky, 2020. http://d-nb.info/123669502X/34.
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Sweeney, Dennis. „Measurement and validation of rainstorm parameters with the VPI radar“. Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/94477.
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This paper presents a broad overview of the equipment and rational of the experiment conducted by the VPI Satellite Communications Group under INTELSAT Contract 433. The object of this experiment is to assess the validity of meteorological radar as a predictor of satellite earth-space path fade statistics.
To validate the data collected by the VPI radar for this experiment, the differential reflectivity (ZDR) measured during the November 29-30, 1985 rainstorm is compared with calculated ZDR and ZDR from published plots.
The special hardware and calibration techniques required for this experiment are also described. An IBM-PC controlled antenna pointing system and a system to continuously monitor both the peak and average power of the radar transmitter are included. Also included is a calibration system for the radar receiver. A simple computer program is developed which will give the radar cross section of a metal sphere. This sphere is used as a calibrated radar target.M.S.
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Lahmar, Mustafa. „ESTIMATION OF TRANSMISSION LINE PARAMETERS USING LINEAR METHOD WITH SYNCHRONIZED AND UNSYNCHRONIZED DATA“. UKnowledge, 2019. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/ece_etds/135.
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Accurate value of transmission line parameters is important for power system protection applications, especially for distance relays whose zone settings are based on positive sequence line impedance. The research is devoted to estimating transmission line positive-sequence parameters from synchronized or unsynchronized measurements of voltage and current phasors that are obtained at both terminals of the line. The positive sequence parameters including series impedance and shunt admittance can be linearly estimated. The linear least square algorithm has been derived in this dissertation for different transmission line configurations. The algorithm is able to handle both synchronized and unsynchronized measurements and deal with potential synchronization errors by explicitly modeling the synchronization angle. Sample results are reported to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Three types of transmission line models depending on line length (long, medium and short) are studied in this dissertation. Chapter 3 uses unsynchronized data for the long transmission line. The derived method can detect the unsynchronized angle and estimate the positive sequence of long line parameters. The proposed method is examined with negative impacts such as errors on currents and voltages data. These errors are added randomly to one set each time to test the robustness of the developed algorithm.
The medium transmission line algorithm derivation is presented in chapter 4. This chapter uses a linear least square to estimate the lumped parameters of a medium transmission line. The two different transmission line circuits are used to model the medium line. The first circuit is a single transmission line with two nodes and is used to evaluate the developed algorithm. The second circuit is a double transmission line. These two lines can have the same or different line parameters or line length. The developed algorithm shows that the proposed method achieves highly accurate results for the estimation of positive sequence line parameters.
The short transmission line is studied in chapter 5. The short transmission line uses less data than the long or medium lines because in this model the shunt capacitance is omitted. Thus, the linear estimation yields highly accurate results. Case studies are considered to test the robustness of this developed method.
The line temperature mainly affects the series resistance, and the developed algorithms in previous three chapters can accurately estimate the transmission line parameters. To simplify the real-time estimation of line resistance and temperature, the series inductance, and shunt capacitance can be treated as constant and known values. Chapter 6 provides such studies of estimating resistance by treating inductance and capacitance as known values.
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Li, Francis Feng. „Extracting room acoustic parameters from received speech signals using artificial neural networks“. Thesis, University of Salford, 2002. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/42990/.
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Quantitative room acoustics over a century has accumulated a knowledge base centred around objective acoustic parameters. Realistic and accurate measurements are essential in room acoustics. Occupied measurements are difficult to undertake with current technology, yet it is well established that occupancy changes acoustics. For this reason, new measurement techniques are sought. This thesis concerns anew, machine learning based approach for measuring room acoustic parameters, which is particularly useful for occupied in-situ measurements. A set of artificial neural networks, associated pre-processors and machine learning regimes are developed to extract Reverberation Time (RT), Early Decay Time (EDT) and Speech Transmission Index (STI) from received speech signals. Utilising naturalistic sounds - speech - as excitations, the developed methods circumvent the use of unpleasant noisy test signals and therefore measurements can be made in occupied spaces in a non-invasive fashion. Given the non-invasive nature and achievable accuracy, the new methods can facilitate occupied measurements, providing an alternative to traditional methods to better quantify acoustics of spaces where speech communication is important. Much of the development work of the neural network methods focuses on the preprocessors which produce data reduced and pre-conditioned signals for the neural networks. Two different speech scenarios, separate utterances and continuous running speech are considered, leading to the development of four major neural network methods: 1. Time domain method to extract RTIEDT from separate utterances. 2. Straightforward FFT method to extract STI from short-time speech. 3. Frequency domain method to extract STI from long-time running speech. 4. Frequency domain method to extract RTIEDT from long-time running speech. These methods are all based on supervised learning. Unsupervised models, representing another important class of neural networks, are also investigated in the context of this study and are found useful as pre-processors. The model development and validations are carried out through computer simulations. Results show that better than O.ls and 0.02 resolutions in reverberation time and STI extractions are achievable based on a "one-net-one-speech" machine learning regime: a neural network trains on a particular anechoic speech to extract a designated objective parameter under the excitation of that speech. Neural network systems extracting acoustic parameters from received arbitrary speech signals without using prior knowledge of the speech stimuli, termed source independent measurements, are explored. Although the achieved accuracy is not as good as that of the standard methods and the developed neural network methods on the one-net-one-speech basis, the source independent extraction is potentially more useful in practical systems. Improving the accuracy of the source independent measurements and extending the developed methods to music signals are seemingly the most significant further work of this study.
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Symes, Philip Andrew. „Preliminary measurement of neutrino oscillation parameters by NuMI/MINOS and calibration studies for improving this measurement“. Thesis, University of Sussex, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.426307.
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Birch, K. P. „The precise determination of refractometric parameters for atmospheric gases“. Thesis, University of Southampton, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.382966.
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King, Fiona L. „Analysis of the genetic parameters involved in the horizontal transmission of AcMNPV“. Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.427081.
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Beanland, LeAnn. „Leafhopper gender and fitness as parameters in transmission of aster yellows phytoplasma /“. The Ohio State University, 1998. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487949836205203.
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Wright, Zachary Harrison. „Loaded Transmission Error Measurement System for Spur and Helical Gears“. The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1230916489.
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Ishida, Koji. „The measurement and prediction of sound transmission over auditorium seats“. Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1994. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/251563.
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Grobler, Martin. „Determining transmission line parameters from time-stamped data“. Diss., 2007. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-04212008-113958/.
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Lee, Hsiu-yu, und 李修育. „Parameter measurement of a printer transmission system“. Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3ppz4e.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
機械工程系
94
This thesis mainly discusses the parameter measurement of a printer transmission system, the mechanics principle is applied through the measurement. The measurement items include the belt elasticity constant, the transmission system inertia resistance, the coefficient of dynamics friction between shaft and hole, the pressure on the belt and on the pinch arm, and so on. Through the actual measuring and calibration, the belt elasticity constant remains stable. The value of transmission inertia resistance reduced as the result of reducing the parts of the transmission system. The inertia resistance value between each part can be figured out by comparing the required driven torque in different stages. A digital camcorder is used to record the rotation situation of the coupling between shaft and hole , and the coefficient of dynamics friction may be calculated. Through the actual experiments, the initial pressure applied on belt and the pressure from pinch arm applied on transmission shaft can be measured. Finally, a novel electrical converter is proposed based on mechanic analysis and experiments. As the result of the experiment, the measured value agreed well with the value, indicating the new torque converter can be properly used to measure torque.