Zeitschriftenartikel: „Measurement of electromagnetic interference“

1

Braun, S., A. Frech und P. Russer. „Measurement of electromagnetic interference in time-domain“. Advances in Radio Science 6 (26.05.2008): 311–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ars-6-311-2008.

Der volle Inhalt der Quelle

Annotation:

Abstract. Time-domain EMI measurement systems allow measurement time to be reduced by several orders of magnitude. In this paper a novel real-time operating time-domain EMI measurement system is presented. By the use of several analog-to-digital converters the dynamic range requested by the international EMC standards is achieved. A real-time operating digital signal processing unit is presented. The frequency band that is investigated is subdivided into several sub-bands. A novel implementation of the 9 kHz IF filter for the frequency 150 kHz to 1 GHz is presented. By this way the measurement time has been reduced by a factor of 8000 in comparison to conventional EMI receivers. During emission measurements performed with a modelled IF-bandwidth of 9 kHz the noise floor is decreased to −19 dBµV in the average detector mode by the implemented low noise power splitter. Measurements have been performed with the improved measurement system in the frequency range 30 MHz–1 GHz.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO und andere Zitierweisen

2

Ge, Liang, Junxian Chen, Guiyun Tian, Wen Zeng, Qi Huang und Ze Hu. „Study on a New Electromagnetic Flow Measurement Technology Based on Differential Correlation Detection“. Sensors 20, Nr. 9 (28.04.2020): 2489. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20092489.

Der volle Inhalt der Quelle

Annotation:

Under the conditions of low flow rate and strong noise, the current electromagnetic flowmeter (EMF) cannot satisfy the requirement for measurement or separate the actual flow signal and interference signal accurately. Correlation detection technology can reduce the bandwidth and suppress noise effectively using the periodic transmission of signal and noise randomness. As for the problem that the current anti-interference technology cannot suppress noise effectively, the noise and interference of the electromagnetic flowmeter were analyzed in this paper, and a design of the electromagnetic flowmeter based on differential correlation detection was proposed. Then, in order to verify the feasibility of the electromagnetic flow measurement system based on differential correlation, an experimental platform for the comparison between standard flow and measured flow was established and a verification experiment was carried out under special conditions and with flow calibration measurements. Finally, the data obtained in the experiment were analyzed. The research result showed that an electromagnetic flowmeter based on differential correlation detection satisfies the need for measurement completely. The lower limit of the flow rate of the electromagnetic flowmeter based on the differential correlation principle could reach 0.084 m/s. Under strong external interferences, the electromagnetic flowmeter based on differential correlation had a fluctuation range in output value of only 10 mV. This shows that the electromagnetic flowmeter based on the differential correlation principle has unique advantages in measurements taken under the conditions of strong noise, slurry flow, and low flow rate.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO und andere Zitierweisen

3

Ganesan, R., und K. R. Kini. „Electromagnetic Interference/Compatibility (EMI/EMC) Measurement“. IETE Technical Review 20, Nr. 5 (September 2003): 415–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02564602.2003.11417100.

Der volle Inhalt der Quelle

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO und andere Zitierweisen

4

Chiyo, Noritaka, Yuji Komine, Yasuhiro Tanaka, Atsuhiro Nishikata, Takuichi Hirano und Takashi Maeno. „Visualization of Electromagnetic Field Distributions for Electromagnetic Interference Measurement“. IEEJ Transactions on Fundamentals and Materials 132, Nr. 5 (2012): 379–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejfms.132.379.

Der volle Inhalt der Quelle

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO und andere Zitierweisen

5

Eugene Rhee, und Changjae Kim. „Feature Analysis of Electromagnetic Interference Measurement Facilities“. International Journal of Digital Content Technology and its Applications 7, Nr. 10 (30.06.2013): 155–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4156/jdcta.vol7.issue10.16.

Der volle Inhalt der Quelle

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO und andere Zitierweisen

6

Krug, F., und P. Russer. „The time-domain electromagnetic interference measurement system“. IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility 45, Nr. 2 (Mai 2003): 330–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/temc.2003.811303.

Der volle Inhalt der Quelle

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO und andere Zitierweisen

7

Mathur, Phalguni, und Sujith Raman. „Electromagnetic Interference (EMI): Measurement and Reduction Techniques“. Journal of Electronic Materials 49, Nr. 5 (18.02.2020): 2975–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11664-020-07979-1.

Der volle Inhalt der Quelle

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO und andere Zitierweisen

8

Gu, Jin Liang, Hong E. Luo, Jian Xin Li, Yan Xia und Bao Ming Li. „Applications of Bragg Grating in Strain Measurement of Electromagnetic Railgun“. Advanced Materials Research 317-319 (August 2011): 1007–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.317-319.1007.

Der volle Inhalt der Quelle

Annotation:

A kind of strain measurement system of electromagnetic railguns based on Bragg Grating technology was introduced in this paper. The Bragg grating strain measurement system of electromagnetic railguns was designed. The data processing and the calibration of the measurement system were discussed. The experiments of strain measurement in electromagnetic launch were accomplished. The results show that the Bragg grating strain measurement system can work reliably in strong electromagnetic interference, which satisfied the special demand of anti- electromagnetic interference for the strain measurement system.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO und andere Zitierweisen

9

Wetoszka, Patryk. „Analysis of the elimination of electromagnetic interference in railways security systems“. AUTOBUSY – Technika, Eksploatacja, Systemy Transportowe 19, Nr. 12 (31.12.2018): 697–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.24136/atest.2018.481.

Der volle Inhalt der Quelle

Annotation:

The article presents the study of conducted disturbance emission, which was subjected to the alarm control panel on the (+, -) 24V DC power supply ports and the method of elimination of electromagnetic interferences. The measurements were carried out in an accredited testing laboratory on a measurement stand with a standardized configuration of equipment in accordance with the applicable standards in the field of electromagnetic compatibility. During the measurements, exceedances of the limit value at the power terminals were observed. Appropriate steps have been taken to reduce the interference levels by using an appropriate anti-interference filter inside the control panel. Installing the filter in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions allowed to obtain the expected results. The article presents the effects of research in the form of electro-magnetic characteristics of conductive disturbances as a function of frequencies recorded on the measuring device.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO und andere Zitierweisen

10

Ge, Liang, Yang He, Guiyun Tian, Guohui Wei, Junaid Ahmed, Hongxia Deng und Qi Huang. „Measurement of Annular Flow for Drilling Engineering by Electromagnetic Flowmeter Based on Double-Frequency Excitation“. Journal of Sensors 2019 (18.11.2019): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4090632.

Der volle Inhalt der Quelle

Annotation:

Using downhole annular electromagnetic flow measurement to obtain annular flow in real-time is a foundation of microflow control drilling technology. The existing annular flow electromagnetic measurement method based on low-frequency rectangular excitation is affected by slurry interference and formation fluid invasion, which results in large noise generated on the electrode output signal. These noise causes the instability of the flow measurement system output and lower accuracy. Double-frequency rectangular wave excitation has the advantages of excellent zero-point stability attributed to low-frequency rectangular wave excitation and fast response speed with great ability to suppress slurry interference. First, the double-frequency rectangular wave excitation for annular flow electromagnetic measurement is researched, and its corresponding electromagnetic induction signal process is investigated. In order to verify the feasibility of downhole annular electromagnetic flow measurement, a flow verification platform for comparison of standard and detected parameters is established for simulation experiment, and the ability to suppress slurry interference and response speed of the technology in downhole slurry flow measurement are analyzed. The test results show that the downhole annular electromagnetic flow measurement based on double-frequency rectangular wave excitation can not only satisfy the requirements of regular electromagnetic flow measurement but also suppress the annular slurry interference effectively.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO und andere Zitierweisen

11

Gu, Jin Liang, Hong E. Luo, Ke Jie Qiang und Bao Ming Li. „Application of Differential Interference in Electromagnetic Rail Gun Strain Measurement“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 241-244 (Dezember 2012): 863–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.241-244.863.

Der volle Inhalt der Quelle

Annotation:

Strain measurement in electromagnetic rail launching processes is of significant importance to studies on rail life, wrap material selection, and initial armature disturbance. Based on a discussion about the principle of fiber-optic differential strain measurement, the constitution of a rail strain measurement device based on fiber-optic differential interference was introduced, and its data processing method and system calibration method were discussed. With this measurement method, electromagnetic rail strain measurement was completed, and experimental results indicate that the differential strain measurement device is able to operate reliably and stably under an intense electromagnetic interference environment in an electromagnetic railgun launching process and can be applied to strain measurement and in-bore projectile motion velocity measurement of gun barrel weapons.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO und andere Zitierweisen

12

Ma, M. T., M. Kanda, M. L. Crawford und E. B. Larsen. „A review of electromagnetic compatibility/interference measurement methodologies“. Proceedings of the IEEE 73, Nr. 3 (1985): 388–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/proc.1985.13164.

Der volle Inhalt der Quelle

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO und andere Zitierweisen

13

Gao, Qiang, Jing Jing Du und Quan Yang Li. „Research on Anti-Interference of Measurement-Control Device in Substation Automation System“. Advanced Materials Research 853 (Dezember 2013): 302–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.853.302.

Der volle Inhalt der Quelle

Annotation:

With the wide adoption of relay protection, power grid control and communication equipments in power system based on micro-circuit and micro-processor, the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) of measurement-control devices has become an urgent and necessary consideration in substation automation system. In this paper, the electromagnetic environment and electromagnetic interference (EMI) problem in substation is presented, and several typical anti-interference methods regarding measurement-control devices are explored based on the analysis of unique characteristics and work environment of this kind of devices. Furthermore, anti-interference application in actual substation site is demonstrated, with the example of CSI-200 series devices.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO und andere Zitierweisen

14

Vaccarono, Mattia, Chandra V. Chandrasekar, Renzo Bechini und Roberto Cremonini. „Survey on Electromagnetic Interference in Weather Radars in Northwestern Italy“. Environments 6, Nr. 12 (16.12.2019): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/environments6120126.

Der volle Inhalt der Quelle

Annotation:

Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) is one of the main issues in weather radar community. Data quality and post-processing algorithm, such as quantitative precipitation estimation and hydrometeor classification, are often affected by interferences. C-band radars share their operational frequency band with Radio Local Area Network (RLAN) and Wireless Area Network (WLAN), which may cause harmful interferences in radar systems. Nowadays, in northwestern Italy, the X-band weather radar managed by Arpa Piemonte is also receiving interfering signals. This work aims to introduce the RFIs phenomena affecting both C-band and X-band weather radars in Piemonte region, Italy. A preliminary method to detect the interfering sources at C-band is discussed, cross-checking data available in the regional database of electromagnetic sources and in-field measurements. A six-day measurement campaign was performed using the X-band radar as receiving antenna to collect an extensive dataset of interfering signals. The polarimetric features of the acquired RFI dataset are presented. The X-band RFIs show a day–night pattern, likely caused by human-related activities. The growth of wireless telecommunication systems, such as HiperLAN in northwestern Italy, and the continuous demand of electromagnetic spectrum portions make the understanding of electromagnetic interferences in weather radars the primary concern to ensure the data quality.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO und andere Zitierweisen

15

Zou, Liang, Xiu Qun Zhang, Xin Hua Zhao, Chun Tian und Hui Duan. „Influence of Corona Discharge on SAW Temperature Measurement System“. Advanced Materials Research 1070-1072 (Dezember 2014): 1167–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1070-1072.1167.

Der volle Inhalt der Quelle

Annotation:

In order to study the electromagnetic interference on SAW (surface acoustic wave) wireless temperature measurement system of the corona discharge, the paper analyzes the characteristics of the frequency spectrum of corona discharge, models the corona discharge and studies its radiation characteristics by simulation on Matlab. Based on this, the experimental platforms of corona discharge is set up. The result of the experiment confirms that corona discharge causes electromagnetic interference to the system and the influence decreases as the distance between the sensor and discharge sources increase. Then the sensor should be kept a certain distance from the discharge sources.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO und andere Zitierweisen

16

Hong, Jun, und Ping Xu. „Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Anisotropy of Unidirectional CFRP Composites“. Materials 14, Nr. 8 (11.04.2021): 1907. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14081907.

Der volle Inhalt der Quelle

Annotation:

Carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites have excellent mechanical properties and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding performance. Recently, their EMI shielding performance has also attracted great attention in many industrial fields to resolve electromagnetic pollution. The present paper mainly investigated the EMI shielding anisotropy of CFRP materials using a specified set-up of free-space measurement. The electrical conductivity of unidirectional CFRP composites was identified to vary with the fiber orientation angles, and the formula was proposed to predict the results consistent with the experimental. The obvious EMI shielding anisotropy of unidirectional CFRP composites was clarified by free-space measurement. The theoretical formula can predict the EMI shielding value at different carbon fiber orientation angles, and the predicted results were highly consistent with the experimental results. A comparison of the free-space measurement and the coaxial transmission line method was also conducted, which indicated that special attention should be paid to the influence of the anisotropy of CFRP composites on the shielding results. With those results, the mechanism of EMI shielding anisotropy of CFRP composites is clarified, which will provide an effective design of EMI shielding products with a designable shielding direction and frequency.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO und andere Zitierweisen

17

Kang, Shuai, und Guang Yi Luo. „Study of Optical Coherence Theory in Measurement“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 568-570 (Juni 2014): 71–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.568-570.71.

Der volle Inhalt der Quelle

Annotation:

Light is a transverse electromagnetic wave, which has the volatility and particles. When light waves are added up in the spatial uniform medium, different conditions will produce interference effects in the meeting area. Optical path difference affects the distribution of the interference pattern directly, and the light interference pattern gives information of phase and amplitude in turn. Due to the measurement precision and extremely high sensitivity of response, the principle of optical coherence has been studied based on measuring the related physical quantity indirectly.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO und andere Zitierweisen

18

Buzdugan, M. „A Brief Introduction in the Mitigation of Conducted Electromagnetic Interference lssues“. Renewable Energy and Power Quality Journal 19 (September 2021): 373–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.24084/repqj19.297.

Der volle Inhalt der Quelle

Annotation:

This paper deals with the mitigation of the influence of electromagnetic conducted emissions in low voltage grids, which can be performed using different filtering methods. Due to the relatively young age of the electromagnetic compatibility domain, the specific terminology is not yet fully consecrated. That is why the specific literature abounds in a bunch of definitions and notions, incomplete, redundant, or worse, even contradictory. Therefore, all over this paper, the terminology from the successive issues of the standard IEC 60050-161 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary, is used. The introductory section presents generalities regarding the broader context of electromagnetic compatibility in which the paper fit. Section II is devoted to measurement techniques and measuring equipment used in conducted electromagnetic interference tests, specifically for electromagnetic emissions that flow in/from the equipment under test through power lines in the standardized frequency range from 100 kHz to 30 MHz. These measurement techniques and equipment are further used in the next section which presents electromagnetic interference experiments, performed on an induction motor driven by a frequency converter. To mitigate the conducted electromagnetic emissions to fit into the standard limits, a cascade of two EMI filtering cells has been designed and implemented. This demonstrated the usefulness and effectiveness of mains EMI filters in low voltage power applications. The experiment also demonstrated that in some cases it would be necessary to retrofit more than one filtering cell

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO und andere Zitierweisen

19

Itsukaichi, Tatsuru, Koji Igari, Shinobu Ishigami und Ken Kawamata. „Study on Measurement Method of Electromagnetic Interference from Large Electric Equipment“. IEEJ Transactions on Fundamentals and Materials 140, Nr. 12 (01.12.2020): 573–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejfms.140.573.

Der volle Inhalt der Quelle

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO und andere Zitierweisen

20

Li, Fan, Wen Xiao Fang, Liang Lei, Yuan Liu und Chun Lei Shi. „Characterization of a Magnetic Field Probe for Electromagnetic Interference Current Measurement“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 568-570 (Juni 2014): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.568-570.30.

Der volle Inhalt der Quelle

Annotation:

This paper investigates a miniature rectangular triplate-printed antenna, which acts as a magnetic field probe to estimate amplitude of the RF Electromagnetic Interference current by non-contact measurement. To characterize the probe, a current transfer factor defined as the ratio of the probed voltage over the current is investigated by measuring the frequency-dependent S-parameter. Moving and rotating the probe will change the current transfer factor, and then significantly affect the estimation of the RF current under detection. To specify the application of the probe, the spatial dependences of the current transfer factor are systematically studied, and in agreement with the calculation of the magnetic field generated by the RF current.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO und andere Zitierweisen

21

Vogt, Alexander, Heinz-D. Bruns, Qi Wu, Frank Gronwald und Christian Schuster. „A Measurement Setup for Quantification of Electromagnetic Interference in Metallic Casings“. IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility 57, Nr. 6 (Dezember 2015): 1354–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/temc.2015.2452295.

Der volle Inhalt der Quelle

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO und andere Zitierweisen

22

Lin, Chun Ting, Jing Min Wang und Shieh Shing Lin. „Application of USB High-Speed Signal Lines in the Analysis of Electromagnetic Interference“. Advanced Materials Research 268-270 (Juli 2011): 919–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.268-270.919.

Der volle Inhalt der Quelle

Annotation:

In this paper, authors focus on the influence during the using of USB2.0 Interface board in reading and/or writing radiation arisen from the electromagnetic interference and provide some suggestions. This work employs two typical common using device, WIREWOUND filter and multilayer filter under the environment of the resistance of 90 ohm and 180 ohm to execute the analysis of the electromagnetic interference measurement. Numerous simulations have been made and obtain some successful results.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO und andere Zitierweisen

23

Wirapraja, Agung Yanuar, Handaru Bowo Cahyono und Mohamad Marhaendra Ali. „Shielding Elektromagnetik Tembaga dari Proses Elektrolisis Air Limbah Industri Printed Circuit Board“. Jurnal Teknologi Bahan dan Barang Teknik 10, Nr. 1 (30.06.2020): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.37209/jtbbt.v10i1.162.

Der volle Inhalt der Quelle

Annotation:

Some electronic products have high electromagnetic interference so that it gives a negative impact on the electronic devices around it. The use of electromagnetic shielding is a solution to reduce the value of electromagnetic radiation interference from electronic products. The research conducted includes the manufacture of electromagnetic shielding from copper material resulting from the electrolysis process of PCB (Printed Circuit Board) industrial wastewater and analyzing the effect of electromagnetic shielding from copper waste on the value of radiation emission. Electromagnetic shielding is made of vinyl which is coated with copper as a result of the electrolysis of PCB industrial wastewater. The measurement results show that electromagnetic shielding from copper waste can reduce radiation emissions. The use of electromagnetic shielding from copper waste is effective at frequencies from 250 to 350 MHz with a decrease in the quasi-peak value of 38.02 dB. The measurements with horizontal antenna polarization show that the margin of radiation emission value is higher comparated to vertical antenna polarization.Sebagian produk elektronika memiliki gangguan interferensi elektromagnetik yang tinggi, sehingga berdampak kurang baik terhadap perangkat elektronika di sekitarnya. Pemanfaatan shielding elektromagnetik menjadi solusi untuk mengurangi nilai gangguan radiasi elektromagnetik yang dimiliki oleh produk elektronika. Penelitian yang dilakukan meliputi pembuatan shielding elektromagnetik dari bahan tembaga hasil dari proses elektrolisis limbah industri PCB (Printed Circuit Board) dan melakukan analisa pengaruh shielding elektromagnetik dari limbah tembaga terhadap nilai emisi radiasi. Shielding elektromagnetik terbuat dari bahan vinyl yang dilapisi dengan tembaga hasil elektrolisis limbah cair industri PCB. Hasil pengukuran menunjukkan bahwa shielding elektromagnetik dari limbah tembaga dapat menurunkan emisi radiasi. Penggunaan shielding elektromagnetik dari limbah tembaga efektif di frekuensi 250 – 350 MHz dengan penurunan nilai quasi-peak sebesar 38,02 dB. Pada pengukuran dengan polarisasi antena horisontal, margin nilai emisi radiasi lebih tinggi jika dibandingkan dengan polarisasi antena vertikal. Kata Kunci: Shielding elektromagnetik, Emisi radiasi, Tembaga, PCB

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO und andere Zitierweisen

24

Sinha, Pankaj Kumar, und Preetha Sharan. „Electrical Interference Problemson Commercial Fishing Vessels – A Review“. Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 9, Nr. 2 (01.02.2018): 271. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v9.i2.pp271-274.

Der volle Inhalt der Quelle

Annotation:

Canadian Coast Guard (CCG) provides Marine Communications centre (MCC) with financial assistance surveyed for Electromagnetic Compatibility and Electromagnetic Interference (EMC/EMI) correlated troubles on industrial based fishing vessels less than twenty metres. The electrical condition should be provided for the vessels and it is the goal of the survey. By performing "electrical noise" measurement method the necessary data was obtained. Several autopilot systems are susceptible to High Frequency Single Side Band (HF SSB) transmitters due to the absence of electrical noise suppression scheme. The main objective of the survey is to analyse the better electrical noise suppression method for fishing vessels.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO und andere Zitierweisen

25

Krug, F., S. Braun und P. Russer. „A novel quasi-peak-detector for time-domain EMI-measurements“. Advances in Radio Science 2 (27.05.2005): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ars-2-27-2004.

Der volle Inhalt der Quelle

Annotation:

Abstract. In this paper, an advanced ultra-fast, broadband time domain EMI measurement system is described. Measurements were performed in the 30–1000MHz range. The digital signal processing of EMI measurements allows to emulate in real-time the modes of conventional analogous equipment, e.g. Peak-, Average-, RMS- and Quasi-Peak- Detector. With the presented time domain measurement system the measurement time can be reduced by a factor of 10. A novel signal recording routine for time-domain EMI (TDEMI) measurements and Quasi-Peak-Detection is described. Measurement results obtained from the investigation of a drillmachine, monitor and laptop obtained with the timedomain electromagnetic interference (TDEMI) measurement system are discussed. The results obtained with the described system have been compared with measurements performed with a conventional EMI receiver.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO und andere Zitierweisen

26

Xin, Zhonghua, Xiaodong Zhang, Shuqian Yu, Huijuan Wang, Xiaoqian Jia und Yuling Ma. „Measurement and Characteristic Analysis of Electromagnetic Disturbance of Coal Mine Fan Converter“. International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2021 (04.08.2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5509562.

Der volle Inhalt der Quelle

Annotation:

With the extensive use of converters in high-power ventilator, shearer, road header, conveyor, hoist, and other coal mine equipment, the electromagnetic disturbance problem of the converter is worthy of attention. In this paper, the field measurement and statistical method are used to analyze the radiation interference characteristics of frequency converter. Then, a typical fan converter is taken as an example, and the electromagnetic disturbance of the converter is tested in four key positions and two working frequencies, respectively. Multiple sets of data and spectrum are obtained by using a spectrum analyzer and other instruments, and the dominant frequency characteristic parameters of the converter are analyzed emphatically. The small sample data adopts the Shapiro–Wilk test, and the 80%/80% rule was used for statistical analysis. Finally, we got five common frequencies of electromagnetic interference generated by the converter (electric field dBμV/m). The CH4 sensor and other sensors work near these five dominant frequencies, which may affect the normal operation of the sensor and cause alarm. The test and analysis method proposed in this paper can be used to obtain the characteristic parameters of the converter electromagnetic disturbance, which can be used as a reference for the design of the immunity of sensors or control instruments.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO und andere Zitierweisen

27

Baranowski, Jerzy, Tomasz Drabek, Paweł Piątek und Andrzej Tutaj. „Diagnosis and Mitigation of Electromagnetic Interference Generated by a Brushless DC Motor Drive of an Electric Torque Tool“. Energies 14, Nr. 8 (12.04.2021): 2149. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14082149.

Der volle Inhalt der Quelle

Annotation:

Electrical devices in the consumer markets need to comply with stringent standards for electromagnetic interference (EMI) distortion and electromagnetic compatibility (EMC). This paper presents the results of measurements of electromagnetic interference generated by an electrical drive of an electric torque tool with a brushless DC motor. The measurements were made in accordance with the PN-EN 55014-1:2017-06E standard, in the frequency band of 148 kHz–30 MHz. The results confirmed that the tested drive can meet the requirements defined in this document. Another document, the PN-EN IEC 61000-3-2:2019-04E standard, provides limits for the harmonic content in the current drawn by electrical devices from a single-phase AC line. This paper also presents the results of measurements related to this standard. Harmonics, up to and including the 40th one, were determined and compared with the limits given in the standard for class B devices. The measurement results indicate a need to use an active power factor corrector (PFC) filter. Such a system has been tested by computer simulations. The results confirmed its ability to meet the requirements of relevant standards.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO und andere Zitierweisen

28

Malešević, Nevena, Mileta Žarković, Denis Ilić und Đorđe Jovanović. „Partial discharges measurement by UHF method“. Zbornik radova Elektrotehnicki institut Nikola Tesla 30, Nr. 30 (2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/zeint30-28749.

Der volle Inhalt der Quelle

Annotation:

The unconventional UHF (Ultra High Frequency) method of measuring partial discharges (PD) is based on measuring electromagnetic waves (EM) in the UHF frequency band (300-3000) MHz, using appropriate antennas. This method is unconventional, but is widely accepted due to the possibility of application in plants in the online mode and quick review (screening) of the plant. Also, this method is characterized by a high degree of measurement sensitivity and relatively good resistance to interference. As the PD pulses are of very short duration, of the order of nanoseconds, they generate an electromagnetic pulse whose spectrum reaches GHz. In the conductive structures of an object, these pulses induce electromagnetic wave transients. A certain type of antenna has the ability to receive these transient waves. The paper gives an example of field and laboratory tests that show the correlation between the detection of PD using UHF devices and devices based on the principle of acoustic detection. The possibility of reliable detection of partial discharges in plants in operation has been proven.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO und andere Zitierweisen

29

Betta, G., D. Capriglione, L. Ferrigno und G. Miele. „Experimental Investigation of the Electromagnetic Interference of ZigBee Transmitters on Measurement Instruments“. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 57, Nr. 10 (Oktober 2008): 2118–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tim.2008.922105.

Der volle Inhalt der Quelle

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO und andere Zitierweisen

30

FAN, L. J., X. C. PAN, Z. X. HUANG und X. D. ZU. „THE MECHANISM AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE INTERFERENCE OF HIGH VOLTAGE LINES TO NAVIGATION SYSTEM“. Latin American Applied Research - An international journal 48, Nr. 3 (31.07.2018): 175–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.52292/j.laar.2018.222.

Der volle Inhalt der Quelle

Annotation:

This essay conducts the mechanism analysis and experimental study on the interference of high voltage lines to the navigation system of UAV and shows that the essence of the interference is that air becomes corona plasma after the ionization under high voltage. In addition, when GPS signals pass through this area, some frequency channel will be absorbed. Therefore, the propagation of electromagnetic waves is prevented. The UAV tries to get GPS positioning signal by flying through high voltage area in a low height, resulting in the loss of GPS signal received by the navigation system. Through the measurement and comparison of the electromagnetic wave spectrum traveled through corona plasma, the corona plasma’s absorbing of electromagnetic wave is observed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO und andere Zitierweisen

31

NISKA, STEFAN, HÅKAN SCHUNNESSON und UDAY KUMAR. „MEASUREMENTS AND ANALYSIS OF ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERFERENCE IN A RAILWAY SIGNAL BOX — A CASE STUDY“. International Journal of Reliability, Quality and Safety Engineering 18, Nr. 03 (Juni 2011): 285–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218539311004147.

Der volle Inhalt der Quelle

Annotation:

In general railway infrastructure operates in a complex and non homogeneous environment where low power electronics has to function in the similar environment as large voltages and currents from the trains. The environment close to the railway tracks is heavily polluted by electromagnetic (EM) noise from the railway systems itself. The reliability of the railway signalling-, communication-, and control system depends on the degree of isolation from EM noise. It is important to observe the real system and its characteristics in real situation. The complexity of the infrastructure is not easy to simulate or calculate, and therefore measurements were performed on real system in operation. A large number of measurements were made on site at signalling systems and installations of Banverket (the Swedish Rail Administration). By studying and analyzing these measurements, the extent of EMI (Electromagnetic interferences) -related faults can be estimated. In situ measurements must be performed on systems that have obvious problems show increasingly fast and high transients in a DC signalling subsystem. The statistics also show an increased activity of transients during a period before a certain circuit in this system gets out of order. The presented results clearly show how the electromagnets interference effects he signalling system in a signalling box. The measurements in this case study have provided new information on a railway subsystem and have revealed frequencies that are difficult to explain at this moment.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO und andere Zitierweisen

32

Zhang, Guogang, Wenfan Li, Lu Qi, Jingcun Liu, Zhengxiang Song und Jianhua Wang. „Design of Wideband GHz Electric Field Sensor Integrated with Optical Fiber Transmission Link for Electromagnetic Pulse Signal Measurement“. Sensors 18, Nr. 9 (19.09.2018): 3167. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18093167.

Der volle Inhalt der Quelle

Annotation:

The detection of high frequency overvoltage and partial discharge is of great significance in evaluating the insulation condition of high-voltage power equipment. A wideband GHz electric field (E-field) sensor for electromagnetic pulse (EMP) signal measurement was proposed in this paper. An optical fiber transmission link was adopted in the design in order to implement high-voltage isolation and reduce electromagnetic interference during transmission. The designed sensor was mainly made up of a differential electric field (D-dot) antenna, transmitter, and receiver. The D-dot antenna was designed to detect high frequency E-field strength and generate a corresponding voltage signal, which was converted into an optical signal by the transmitter. The optical signal could be transmitted a large distance through an optical fiber without electromagnetic interference and changed back to a voltage signal again by a receiver. The design process of the sensor was introduced in detail, and experiments were performed using a gigahertz transverse electromagnetic (GTEM) cell and an EMP simulator to verify it. The results indicated that the designed sensor had a good performance besides an expectable delay due to the optional amplifier.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO und andere Zitierweisen

33

Angrisani, L., und A. Pietrosanto. „A technique for electromagnetic interference measurements on instruments“. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 47, Nr. 4 (1998): 925–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/19.744644.

Der volle Inhalt der Quelle

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO und andere Zitierweisen

34

Zhai, Mingda, Wentao Xia, Zhiqiang Long und Fengshan Dou. „Numerical Computation and Analysis of Electromagnetic Field in Magnetic Suspension and Balance System“. Magnetochemistry 7, Nr. 3 (26.02.2021): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry7030033.

Der volle Inhalt der Quelle

Annotation:

The magnetic suspension wind tunnel balance (MSBS) is an entirely new device for aerodynamic measurement, and it makes the best of the electromagnetic force to suspend the aircraft model in the wind tunnel without contact. Compared with conventional wind tunnel balance, it absolutely abandons the model support and airflow interference. Therefore, the aerodynamic measurement environment is more authentic and the aerodynamic measurement results are more accurate. The electromagnetic field in MSBS plays a major role in bearing the force of wind. The numerical computation and finite element numerical analysis are performed to investigate key factors of electromagnetic force under different conditions. The calculation results based on finite element method (FEM) have revealed that the diameter and the spacing of of the axial coil, the number of segments and the pitch angle of the suspension model are key factors of electromagnetic force. Based on the above key factors, the structure of the magnetic suspension balance is optimized to maximize the electromagnetic force under multiple constraints.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO und andere Zitierweisen

35

Neruda, Marek, und Lukas Vojtech. „Electromagnetic Shielding Effectiveness of Woven Fabrics with High Electrical Conductivity: Complete Derivation and Verification of Analytical Model“. Materials 11, Nr. 9 (07.09.2018): 1657. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11091657.

Der volle Inhalt der Quelle

Annotation:

In this paper, electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of woven fabrics with high electrical conductivity is investigated. Electromagnetic interference-shielding woven-textile composite materials were developed from a highly electrically conductive blend of polyester and the coated yarns of Au on a polyamide base. A complete analytical model of the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of the materials with apertures is derived in detail, including foil, material with one aperture, and material with multiple apertures (fabrics). The derived analytical model is compared for fabrics with measurement of real samples. The key finding of the research is that the presented analytical model expands the shielding theory and is valid for woven fabrics manufactured from mixed and coated yarns with a value of electrical conductivity equal to and/or higher than σ = 244 S/m and an excellent electromagnetic shielding effectiveness value of 25–50 dB at 0.03–1.5 GHz, which makes it a promising candidate for application in electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO und andere Zitierweisen

36

Adamski, Dominik, Krzysztof Ortel und Juliusz Furman. „Research on measurement of electromagnetic fields generated by electric and combustion powered rolling stock.“ MATEC Web of Conferences 294 (2019): 03016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201929403016.

Der volle Inhalt der Quelle

Annotation:

Axle counters are more and more often applied in train detection systems. The wheel sensor is a main part of each axle counter system. In parallel, more and more complex railway vehicles, especially traction ones, are a potential source of interferences influencing the operation of these train detection systems. It is the reason to verify the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) between the signalling equipment, particularly train detection systems and new vehicles in the process of obtaining the permission for their exploitation. The measurement of interfering magnetic fields generated by vehicles is one of tests to be carried out. For the simplification and unification purpose of the applied interference test methods the EN 50238 standard and TS 50238-3 technical specification were developed. The specification defines unified testing procedures. However, it is necessary to verify if it may replace different testing methods used in particular European states. It is the goal of the European research project financed from the TEN-T network resources.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO und andere Zitierweisen

37

Yang, Yong Ming, He Meng Peng und Quan Di Wang. „Modeling of Conducted EMI in Electric Vehicle Motor Drive System“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 325-326 (Juni 2013): 543–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.325-326.543.

Der volle Inhalt der Quelle

Annotation:

In this paper, a method for conducted electromagnetic interference (EMI) prediction in Electric Vehicle motor drive system based on components’ circuit models is presented. Firstly, the characteristics of the components are analyzed and the equivalent circuits are drew; then, the parasitic parameters of the electromagnetic device are extracted by the measurement, analytical solution and finite element method (FEM); and finally, the circuit model of the whole motor drive system in high frequency range is established. This model is verified by the measurement and simulation results in the frequency domain.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO und andere Zitierweisen

38

Li, Zewen, Tuofu Deng, Xiangjun Zeng, Feng Deng und Lei Shu. „Theoretical Modeling and Implementation of Traveling Wave Sensor Based on PCB Coils“. Journal of Sensors 2015 (2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/598194.

Der volle Inhalt der Quelle

Annotation:

Based on analyzing characteristics of Rogowski coil, a new type of PCB traveling wave sensor with simple structure, high linearity, and anti-interference ability is proposed. The sensor has fine physical structure, which can effectively resist external electromagnetic interference by anti-interference measurement. In addition, it can greatly improve mutual inductance based on simple combinations. Simulations show that the new PCB traveling wave sensor can validly extract and deliver traveling wave signal and therefore realize fault location and protection accurately.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO und andere Zitierweisen

39

Bengtsson, Lars. „Electromagnetic Interferences in Electrical Measurement Systems Demystified“. International Journal of Electrical Engineering & Education 49, Nr. 2 (April 2012): 101–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.7227/ijeee.49.2.1.

Der volle Inhalt der Quelle

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO und andere Zitierweisen

40

An, Zong Yu, Quan Di Wang und Yong Ming Yang. „High Frequency Impedance Model of Electric Vehicle Traction Battery“. Advanced Materials Research 668 (März 2013): 506–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.668.506.

Der volle Inhalt der Quelle

Annotation:

The application of the high-voltage supply system and the motor drive system in electric and hybrid-electric vehicles can leads to a significant increase in electromagnetic compatibility. The influence of traction batteries as part of the electromagnetic interference path must be considered. In this paper models of single cell, cells connected in series and cells connected in parallel are developed based on the measured impedance curve of single cell, the models are formulized in the frequency domain and verified by impedance measurement on Ni-MH batteries, the results allow the simulation of batteries as interference path and the prediction of external electric fields and magnetic fields.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO und andere Zitierweisen

41

Paś, Jacek, Adam Rosiński und Kamil Białek. „A Reliability-Exploitation Analysis of a Static Converter Taking Into Account Electromagnetic Interference“. Transport and Telecommunication Journal 22, Nr. 2 (01.04.2021): 217–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ttj-2021-0017.

Der volle Inhalt der Quelle

Annotation:

Abstract The paper presents issues associated with the impact of electromagnetic interference on static converters, which exploitation in a railway transport environment. The measurements of an electromagnetic field emitted by a static converter were shown. Designs of this kind are exploitation in railway facilities, therefore, they should not disturb the functioning of other equipment, the rail traffic control systems, in particular. As a result of the EMC tests, it was concluded that the permissible values of conducted interference emissions were exceeded. An analysis of the obtained results enabled developing a research model, and a further reliability and exploitation analysis, taking into account electromagnetic interference. This, in turn, enabled determining a relationship allowing to determine the probability of a static converter staying in a state of full ability. The presented discussions regarding a static converter, taking into account electromagnetic interference, allow for the numerical assessment of different types of solutions (technical and organizational), which can be implemented in order to mitigate the impact of electromagnetic interference on a system’s functioning.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO und andere Zitierweisen

42

PARK, Jeung geun, und Che young KIM. „Electromagnetic Interference Analysis Based on Total Harmonic Distortion Measurement in 900MHz Cordless Telephones“. IEICE Transactions on Communications E93-B, Nr. 9 (2010): 2348–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1587/transcom.e93.b.2348.

Der volle Inhalt der Quelle

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO und andere Zitierweisen

43

Lihui, Wang, Huang Jiayu, Ji Jianfei, Pang Fubin und Yuan Yubo. „Measurement of transient electromagnetic coupling and interference caused by disconnector operation in substation“. Measurement 96 (Januar 2017): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2016.10.034.

Der volle Inhalt der Quelle

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO und andere Zitierweisen

44

Grobler, Inus, und Michael Njoroge Gitau. „Modelling and measurement of high-frequency conducted electromagnetic interference in DC–DC converters“. IET Science, Measurement & Technology 11, Nr. 4 (01.07.2017): 495–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-smt.2016.0412.

Der volle Inhalt der Quelle

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO und andere Zitierweisen

45

Khan, Sharief ud Din, Manju Arora, M. A. Wahab und Parveen Saini. „Permittivity and Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Investigations of Activated Charcoal Loaded Acrylic Coating Compositions“. Journal of Polymers 2014 (04.05.2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/193058.

Der volle Inhalt der Quelle

Annotation:

Acrylic resin (AR) based electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding composites have been prepared by incorporation of up to 30 wt% activated charcoal (AC) in AR matrix. These composites have been characterized by XRD, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, dielectric, and EMI shielding measurement techniques. XRD patterns and Raman studies confirm the incorporation of AC particles inside AR matrix and suggest possible interactions between phases. The SEM images show that incorporation of AC particles leads to systematic change in the morphology of composites especially the formation of porous structure. The dielectric measurements show that 30 wt% AC loading composite display higher relative permittivity value (~79) compared to pristine AR (~5). Further, the porous structure, electrical conductivity, and permittivity value contribute towards EMI shielding effectiveness value of −36 dB (attenuation of >99.9% of incident radiation) for these composites, thereby demonstrating their suitability for making efficient EMI shielding coatings.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO und andere Zitierweisen

46

Naveenaa, S., S. Sruthi und B. Sabarish Narayanan. „Microwave Characterization of Ecosand for Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) Shielded Construction“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 813-814 (November 2015): 263–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.813-814.263.

Der volle Inhalt der Quelle

Annotation:

Experimental study on microwave attenuation of ecosand is presented. Ecosand is a by-product of cement industry, and presents good alternative for natural river sand. Ecosand is a composite mixture, primarily containing silica and alumina. Microwave characterization provides good value enhancement for ecosand, encouraging its utilization in construction of EMI shielded buildings including safety vaults, server chambers and critical defense installations. Wave guide based studies on virgin ecosand and ecosand fly ash mixtures are conducted. Varying proportions of ecosand - flyash mixtures are considered. Reflected and transmitted power levels are measured. The preliminary results provide satisfactory EMI characteristics for a 60-40 ecosand-fly ash mixture. Further experiments on shielding effectiveness measurement of cement mortar composite, incorporating ecosand-fly ash mixture can provide effective conclusions on the microwave attenuation characteristics, and its subsequent utilization for EMI tolerant constructions.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO und andere Zitierweisen

47

Zhang, Zhiwen, und Tao Su. „Behavioral Analysis and Immunity Design of the RO-Based TRNG under Electromagnetic Interference“. Electronics 10, Nr. 11 (04.06.2021): 1347. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10111347.

Der volle Inhalt der Quelle

Annotation:

True random-number generators based on ring oscillators (RO-based TRNG) are widely used in the field of information encryption because of their simple structure and compatibility with CMOS technology. However, radiated or conducted electromagnetic interference can dramatically deteriorate the randomness of the output bitstream of the RO-based TRNG, which poses a great threat to security. Traditional research focuses on the innovation of the means of attack and the detection of circuit states. There is a lack of research on the interference mechanism and anti-interference countermeasures. In this paper, the response of the RO array to electromagnetic interference was analyzed, and the concept of synchronous locking was proposed to describe the locking scene of multiple ROs. On the basis of synchronous locking, the RF immunity of the RO-based TRNG was modeled, which can explain the degradation mechanism of bitstream randomness under RFI. Moreover, the design method of gate-delay differentiation is presented to improve the RF immunity of the RO-based TRNG at a low cost. Both transistor-level simulation and board-level measurement proved the rationality of this scheme.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO und andere Zitierweisen

48

Liu, Lan Shu, Wen Song Zhang und Xiang Ping Zhu. „Detection of Electromagnetic Pulse Induced Hazard on Electroexplosive Device Based on Optical-Fiber Fluorescence“. Advanced Materials Research 383-390 (November 2011): 7492–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.7492.

Der volle Inhalt der Quelle

Annotation:

The electroexplosive devices(EED) are widely used in the core system of rocket, missile and nuclear weapons. Hazard analysis and measurement of electromagnetic pulse is of great importance to the security and reliability of EED. In this article, an optical-fiber fluorescence temperature sensor is proposed for analyzing hazard induced by electromagnetic pulse of EED. The temperature of EED can be measured through the fluorescence lifetime, then the induced current is obtained, and thereby the electromagnetic pulse induced hazard can be draw. The experiments show that, the set-up of this proposal can works with high precision and fast response, and immune to the electromagnetic interference.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO und andere Zitierweisen

49

Gao, Feng, Chengkai Ye, Zilong Wang und Xu Li. „Improvement of Low-Frequency Radiated Emission in Electric Vehicle by Numerical Analysis“. Journal of Control Science and Engineering 2018 (01.10.2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/5956973.

Der volle Inhalt der Quelle

Annotation:

In this paper, a methodology for improving vehicle-level radiated electromagnetic interference (EMI) in electric vehicle (EV) is proposed. This methodology predicts vehicle-level radiated EMI by using the multiport network theory, based on analyzing the contribution from each electronic component to find out the main EMI source. To validate its effectiveness, the proposed methodology is applied in an actual EV for low-frequency radiated emissions. Simulation in a commercially available electromagnetics software and measurement in the EV are combined to predict the vehicle-level emissions, and then the electronic component with the greatest EMI that causes failure to meet the EMC standard is identified. After improving this component, the vehicle-level radiated emission is reduced to comply with the EMC standard, proving that the presented numerical method is effective. The proposed methodology can also be used in other EMC issues, regardless of the amount of interference sources and sensitive equipment.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO und andere Zitierweisen

50

Qi, Ke Yu, Chao Xiang, Xiong Zhu Bu und Jing Yu. „Analysis of Theory and Model of Background Magnetic Field of High-Spinning Projectile“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 556-562 (Mai 2014): 1954–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.556-562.1954.

Der volle Inhalt der Quelle

Annotation:

At present, methods of the navigation and the attitude measurements of projectile utilizing the magnetic fields are facing the interference from the BMF (background magnetic field). The principle and mathematical model of the BMF for the spinning projectile are been researched to realize the high accuracy measurement of the geomagnetic field on projectile. The composition and jamming mechanism of the projectile's BMF are derived with the Faraday electromagnetic induction theory. High precision compensation model of the geomagnetic measurement is established by synthesizing the magnetic sensor error model. Based on the idea of the error transfer, the attitude measuring errors caused by the BMF are analyzed and the error calculation formulas are given. On this basis, numerical simulation is conducted combining with projectile's flight rules. The results show that the influence of attitude angle measuring precisions caused by the background interference magnetic field are much bigger than the errors caused by the sensor noise and the established compensation model has obvious effect. Besides, the effective BMF compensation of geomagnetic measurements on the projectile must be conducted if the attitude angle measurement error is in requirements within ±1 °.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO und andere Zitierweisen

Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema „Measurement of electromagnetic interference“

Geben Sie eine Quelle nach APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard und anderen Zitierweisen an