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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema „Mc-Icpms / icpms“

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Veröffentlicht am 29. März 2025

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1

Douthitt, C. B. „The evolution and applications of multicollector ICPMS (MC-ICPMS)“. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 390, Nr. 2 (16.10.2007): 437–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00216-007-1660-x.

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2

Douthitt, Charles B. „Commercial development of HR-ICPMS, MC-ICPMS and HR-GDMS“. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 23, Nr. 5 (2008): 685. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b800341f.

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3

Gourgiotis, Alkiviadis, Sylvain Bérail, Pascale Louvat, Hélène Isnard, Julien Moureau, Anthony Nonell, Gérard Manhès et al. „Method for isotope ratio drift correction by internal amplifier signal synchronization in MC-ICPMS transient signals“. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 29, Nr. 9 (2014): 1607–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ja00118d.

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4

Martelat, Benoît, Laurent Vio, Hélène Isnard, Jérôme Simonnet, Térence Cornet, Anthony Nonell und Frédéric Chartier. „Neodymium isotope ratio measurements by CE-MC-ICPMS: investigation of isotopic fractionation and evaluation of analytical performances“. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 32, Nr. 11 (2017): 2271–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ja00250e.

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5

Wu, Li, Ling, Yang, Li, Li, Mao, Li und Putlitz. „Further Characterization of the RW-1 Monazite: A New Working Reference Material for Oxygen and Neodymium Isotopic Microanalysis“. Minerals 9, Nr. 10 (26.09.2019): 583. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min9100583.

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The oxygen (O) and neodymium (Nd) isotopic composition of monazite provides an ideal tracer of metamorphism and hydrothermal activity. Calibration of the matrix effect and monitoring of the external precision of monazite O–Nd isotopes with microbeam techniques, such as secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and laser ablation-multicollector-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-MC-ICPMS), require well-characterized natural monazite standards for precise microbeam measurements. However, the limited number of standards available is impeding the application of monazite O–Nd isotopes. Here, we report on the RW-1 monazite as a potential new working reference material for microbeam analysis of O–Nd isotopes. Microbeam measurements by electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), SIMS, and LA-MC-ICPMS at 10–24 µm scales have confirmed that it is homogeneous in both elemental and O–Nd isotopic compositions. SIMS measurements yield δ18O values consistent, within errors, with those obtained by laser fluorination techniques. Precise analyses of Nd isotope by thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS) are consistent with mean results of LA-MC-ICPMS analyses. We recommend δ18O = 6.30‰ ± 0.16‰ (2SD) and 143Nd/144Nd = 0.512282 ± 0.000011 (2SD) as being the reference values for the RW-1 monazite.

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6

Obert, J. Christina, Denis Scholz, Jörg Lippold, Thomas Felis, Klaus Peter Jochum und Meinrat O. Andreae. „Chemical separation and MC-ICPMS analysis of U, Th, Pa and Ra isotope ratios of carbonates“. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 33, Nr. 8 (2018): 1372–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ja00431a.

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7

Malinovsky, Dmitry, Philip J. H. Dunn und Heidi Goenaga-Infante. „Calibration of Mo isotope amount ratio measurements by MC-ICPMS using normalisation to an internal standard and improved experimental design“. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 31, Nr. 10 (2016): 1978–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ja00184j.

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8

Gourgiotis, Alkiviadis, Gérard Manhès, Benoît Martelat und Hélène Isnard. „Deconvolution of the isotopic drift in LC-MC-ICPMS coupling: a new tool for studying isotope fractionation induced by sample introduction techniques“. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 32, Nr. 7 (2017): 1428–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ja00418k.

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9

Abraham, Kathrin, Jane Barling, Christopher Siebert, Nick Belshaw, Louise Gall und Alex N. Halliday. „Determination of mass-dependent variations in tungsten stable isotope compositions of geological reference materials by double-spike and MC-ICPMS“. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 30, Nr. 11 (2015): 2334–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ja00210a.

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10

Zakon, Yevgeni, Ludwik Halicz und Faina Gelman. „δ 13C compound-specific isotope analysis in organic compounds by GC/MC-ICPMS“. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 36, Nr. 9 (2021): 1884–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ja00096a.

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11

Vogl, Jochen, Björn Brandt, Janine Noordmann, Olaf Rienitz und Dmitriy Malinovskiy. „Characterization of a series of absolute isotope reference materials for magnesium: ab initio calibration of the mass spectrometers, and determination of isotopic compositions and relative atomic weights“. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 31, Nr. 7 (2016): 1440–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ja00013d.

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12

Cook, David L., und Maria Schönbächler. „High-precision measurement of W isotopes in Fe–Ni alloy and the effects from the nuclear field shift“. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 31, Nr. 7 (2016): 1400–1405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ja00015k.

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13

Hopp, Timo, Mario Fischer-Gödde und Thorsten Kleine. „Ruthenium stable isotope measurements by double spike MC-ICPMS“. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 31, Nr. 7 (2016): 1515–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ja00041j.

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14

Schnabel, Christiane, Carsten Münker und Erik Strub. „La–Ce isotope measurements by multicollector-ICPMS“. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 32, Nr. 12 (2017): 2360–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ja00256d.

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15

Schiller, Martin, Elishevah Van Kooten, Jesper C. Holst, Mia B. Olsen und Martin Bizzarro. „Precise measurement of chromium isotopes by MC-ICPMS“. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 29, Nr. 8 (2014): 1406–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ja00018h.

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We report novel analytical procedures allowing for the concurrent determination of the stable and mass-independent Cr isotopic composition of silicate materials by multiple collector inductively coupled mass spectrometry (MC-ICPMS).

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16

Obayashi, Hideyuki, Michitaka Tanaka, Kentaro Hattori, Shuhei Sakata und Takafumi Hirata. „In situ 207Pb/206Pb isotope ratio measurements using two Daly detectors equipped on an ICP-mass spectrometer“. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 32, Nr. 3 (2017): 686–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ja00291a.

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17

Breton, Thomas, und Ghylaine Quitté. „High-precision measurements of tungsten stable isotopes and application to earth sciences“. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 29, Nr. 12 (2014): 2284–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ja00184b.

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A new method for high precision measurements of W stable isotopes by MC-ICPMS enables to discriminate small mass-dependent fractionations, with applications in numerous fields of earth, planetary and environmental sciences.

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18

Wang, Yuqiong, Xiaoxiao Huang, Yali Sun, Shouqian Zhao und Yahui Yue. „A new method for the separation of LREEs in geological materials using a single TODGA resin column and its application to the determination of Nd isotope compositions by MC-ICPMS“. Analytical Methods 9, Nr. 23 (2017): 3531–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ay00966f.

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19

MEI, Qingfeng, und Jinhui YANG. „High Precision Tungsten Isotope Measurements by MC-ICPMS“. Acta Geologica Sinica - English Edition 91, s1 (Mai 2017): 273–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1755-6724.13291.

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20

WOODHEAD, J., J. HELLSTROM, R. MAAS, R. DRYSDALE, G. ZANCHETTA, P. DEVINE und E. TAYLOR. „U–Pb geochronology of speleothems by MC-ICPMS“. Quaternary Geochronology 1, Nr. 3 (August 2006): 208–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quageo.2006.08.002.

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21

Foster, G. L., T. Elliott und C. D. Coath. „Boron isotope determinations by direct injection MC-ICPMS“. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 70, Nr. 18 (August 2006): A182. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2006.06.366.

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22

Hanchar, John M. „Synthetic and natural Reference materials for EPMA, LA-ICPMS, LA-MC-ICPMS, SIMS, and Spectroscopic Microanalysis“. Microscopy and Microanalysis 23, S1 (Juli 2017): 508–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927617003221.

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23

Hu, Yan, und Fang-Zhen Teng. „Optimization of analytical conditions for precise and accurate isotope analyses of Li, Mg, Fe, Cu, and Zn by MC-ICPMS“. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 34, Nr. 2 (2019): 338–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ja00335a.

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This work presents optimized analytical protocols for the accurate and precise measurements of a selection of stable metal isotopes on Nu Plasma II MC-ICPMS to facilitate their applications in earth and planetary sciences.

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24

Kylander-Clark, Andrew R. C. „Expanding the limits of laser-ablation U–Pb calcite geochronology“. Geochronology 2, Nr. 2 (23.11.2020): 343–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gchron-2-343-2020.

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Abstract. U–Pb geochronology of calcite by laser-ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS) is an emerging field with potential to solve a vast array of geologic problems. Because of low levels of U and Pb, measurement by more sensitive instruments, such as those with multiple collectors (MCs), is advantageous. However, whereas measurement of traditional geochronometers (e.g., zircon) by MC-ICPMS has been limited by detection of the daughter isotope, U–Pb dating of calcite can be limited by detection of the parent isotope if measured on a Faraday detector. The Nu P3D MC-ICPMS employs a new detector array to measure all isotopes of interest on Daly detectors. A new method, described herein, utilizes the low detection limit and high dynamic range of the Nu P3D for calcite U–Pb geochronology and compares it with traditional methods. Data from natural samples indicate that measurement of 238U by Daly is advantageous at count rates < 30 000; this includes samples low in U or those necessitating smaller spots. Age precision for samples run in this mode are limited by 207Pb counts and the maximum U ∕ Pbc. To explore these limits – i.e., the minimum U, Pb, and U ∕ Pb ratios that can be measured by LA-ICPMS – a model is created and discussed; these models are meant to serve as a guide to evaluate potential candidate materials for geochronology. As an example, for samples necessitating a < 1 Ma uncertainty, a minimum of ∼ 10 ppb U is needed at a spot size of 100 µm and rep rate of 10 Hz; absolute uncertainty scales roughly with U concentration.

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25

Guéguen, Florence, Hélène Isnard, Anthony Nonell, Laurent Vio, Thomas Vercouter und Frédéric Chartier. „Neodymium isotope ratio measurements by LC-MC-ICPMS for nuclear applications: investigation of isotopic fractionation and mass bias correction“. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 30, Nr. 2 (2015): 443–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ja00361f.

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The causes of isotope ratio drifts observed in LC-MC-ICPMS experiments could be explained by both mass dependent isotopic fractionation on the chromatographic column and distinct time lags between amplifier responses of the Faraday cup configuration.

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26

Müller, Wolfgang, und Robert Anczkiewicz. „Accuracy of laser-ablation (LA)-MC-ICPMS Sr isotope analysis of (bio)apatite – a problem reassessed“. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 31, Nr. 1 (2016): 259–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ja00311c.

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Accurate in situ Sr isotope analysis of (bio)apatite via ‘robust-plasma’ laser-ablation MC-ICPMS with negligible ⁴⁰Ca³¹P¹⁶O and reliable ⁸⁷Rb interference correction.

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27

Karasinski, Jakub, Ewa Bulska, Marcin Wojciechowski, Agnieszka Anna Krata und Ludwik Halicz. „On-line separation of strontium from a matrix and determination of the 87Sr/86Sr ratio by Ion Chromatography/Multicollector-ICPMS“. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 31, Nr. 7 (2016): 1459–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ja00109b.

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In this work a high throughput, robust and sensitive method for the precise isotopic analysis of ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr by coupling Ion Chromatography (IC) and Multicollector Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (MC-ICPMS) is presented.

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28

Malinovsky, Dmitry, und Nikolay A. Kashulin. „Vanadium isotope ratio measurements in fruit-bodies of Amanita muscaria“. Analytical Methods 8, Nr. 30 (2016): 5921–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ay01436d.

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A new method has been developed for precise vanadium isotope ratio measurements by multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICPMS) inAmanita muscaria– a widespread toxic and hallucinogenic mushroom which is also known for its ability to bio-accumulate vanadium.

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29

Karasiński, Jakub, Cuc Thi Nguyen-Marcińczyk, Marcin Wojciechowski, Ewa Bulska und Ludwik Halicz. „Determination of isotope fractionation of Cr(iii) during oxidation by LC/low-resolution MC-ICPMS“. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 35, Nr. 3 (2020): 560–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ja00388f.

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A robust and sensitive method for the precise isotopic analysis of ⁵³Cr/⁵⁰Cr during Cr(iii) oxidation by coupling ion pair reversed-phase chromatography and Multicollector Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (MC-ICPMS) is presented.

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30

Hoffmann, D. L., D. A. Richards, T. R. Elliott, P. L. Smart, C. D. Coath und C. J. Hawkesworth. „Characterisation of secondary electron multiplier nonlinearity using MC-ICPMS“. International Journal of Mass Spectrometry 244, Nr. 2-3 (Juli 2005): 97–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijms.2005.05.003.

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31

Malinovsky, Dmitry, und Nikolay A. Kashulin. „Molybdenum isotope fractionation in plants measured by MC-ICPMS“. Analytical Methods 10, Nr. 1 (2018): 131–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ay02316b.

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32

Lin, Huei-Ting, Hong-Wei Chiang, Tsai-Luen Yu, Marcus Christl, Juan Liu, Kristine DeLong und Chuan-Chou Shen. „236U/238U Analysis of Femtograms of 236U by MC-ICPMS“. Analytical Chemistry 93, Nr. 24 (09.06.2021): 8442–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.1c00409.

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33

Tong, Shuoyun, Juris Meija, Lian Zhou, Zoltán Mester und Lu Yang. „Determination of the isotopic composition of hafnium using MC-ICPMS“. Metrologia 56, Nr. 4 (23.07.2019): 044008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1681-7575/ab2995.

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34

He, Juan, Juris Meija, Xiandeng Hou, Chengbin Zheng, Zoltán Mester und Lu Yang. „Determination of the isotopic composition of lutetium using MC-ICPMS“. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 412, Nr. 24 (16.12.2019): 6257–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00216-019-02271-6.

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35

Ulfbeck, D., M. Bizzarro, A. Trinquier, J. C. Connelly und K. Thrane. „Chemical purification and isotopic analysis of nickel by MC-ICPMS“. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 70, Nr. 18 (August 2006): A679. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2006.06.1272.

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36

Malinovsky, Dmitry, Ilia Rodushkin, Douglas C. Baxter, Johan Ingri und Björn Öhlander. „Molybdenum isotope ratio measurements on geological samples by MC-ICPMS“. International Journal of Mass Spectrometry 245, Nr. 1-3 (August 2005): 94–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijms.2005.07.007.

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37

Potter, Emma-Kate, Claudine H. Stirling, Morten B. Andersen und Alex N. Halliday. „High precision Faraday collector MC-ICPMS thorium isotope ratio determination“. International Journal of Mass Spectrometry 247, Nr. 1-3 (Dezember 2005): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijms.2005.08.017.

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38

Bendall, Chris, Yann Lahaye, Jens Fiebig, Stefan Weyer und Gerhard Peter Brey. „In situ sulfur isotope analysis by laser ablation MC-ICPMS“. Applied Geochemistry 21, Nr. 5 (Mai 2006): 782–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2006.02.012.

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39

Hu, Yan, Xin-Yang Chen, Ying-Kui Xu und Fang-Zhen Teng. „High-precision analysis of potassium isotopes by HR-MC-ICPMS“. Chemical Geology 493 (August 2018): 100–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2018.05.033.

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40

Zhu, Zuhao, Juris Meija, Shuoyun Tong, Airong Zheng, Lian Zhou und Lu Yang. „Determination of the Isotopic Composition of Osmium Using MC-ICPMS“. Analytical Chemistry 90, Nr. 15 (21.06.2018): 9281–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.8b01859.

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41

Schiller, Martin, Chad Paton und Martin Bizzarro. „Calcium isotope measurement by combined HR-MC-ICPMS and TIMS“. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 27, Nr. 1 (2012): 38–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c1ja10272a.

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42

Barnett-Johnson, Rachel, Frank C. Ramos, Churchill B. Grimes und R. Bruce MacFarlane. „Validation of Sr isotopes in otoliths by laser ablation multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-MC-ICPMS): opening avenues in fisheries science applications“. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 62, Nr. 11 (01.11.2005): 2425–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f05-194.

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Advances in probe-based mass spectrometry allow for high spatial resolution of elemental and isotopic signatures in fish otoliths that can be used to address fundamental questions in fisheries ecology. Analyses of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) otoliths from two river populations yield identical 87Sr/86Sr ratios using laser ablation multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-MC-ICPMS) and thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS). Results were obtained from freshwater otoliths with low Sr concentrations (300800 ppm) using high spatial resolution (50 µm) corresponding to temporal histories of ~12 days fish growth. Low natural variation in 87Sr/86Sr among otoliths from the same rivers allows for conservative estimates of external precision of techniques. Thus, we demonstrate that Sr isotope ratios obtained by LA-MC-ICPMS can be accurate and precise, bypassing the time-intensive sample preparation required by microdrilling and TIMS. This technique opens the use of Sr isotopes for broader ecological questions requiring large sample sizes to characterize nursery habitats, metapopulation dynamics, and stock discrimination similar to studies that focus on elemental concentrations, thereby providing a more robust tool for some freshwater and diadromous fishes.

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43

Raitzsch, Markus, Claire Rollion-Bard, Ingo Horn, Grit Steinhoefel, Albert Benthien, Klaus-Uwe Richter, Matthieu Buisson, Pascale Louvat und Jelle Bijma. „Technical note: Single-shell <i>δ</i><sup>11</sup>B analysis of <i>Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi</i> using femtosecond laser ablation MC-ICPMS and secondary ion mass spectrometry“. Biogeosciences 17, Nr. 21 (10.11.2020): 5365–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5365-2020.

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Abstract. The boron isotopic composition (δ11B) of benthic foraminifera provides a valuable tool to reconstruct past deep-water pH. As the abundance of monospecific species might be limited in sediments, microanalytical techniques can help to overcome this problem, but such studies on benthic foraminiferal δ11B are sparse. In addition, microanalytics provide information on the distribution of δ11B at high spatial resolution to increase the knowledge of biomineralization processes, for example. For this study, we investigated the intra- and inter-shell δ11B variability of the epibenthic species Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi, which is widely used in paleoceanography, by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and femtosecond laser ablation multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-MC-ICPMS). While the average δ11B values obtained from these different techniques agree remarkably well with bulk solution values to within ±0.1 ‰, a relatively large intra-shell variability was observed. Based on multiple measurements within single shells, the SIMS and LA data suggest median variations of 4.8 ‰ and 1.3 ‰ (2σ), respectively, while the larger spread for SIMS is attributed to the smaller volume of calcite being analyzed in each run. When analytical uncertainties and volume-dependent differences in δ11B variations are taken into account for these methods, the intra-shell variability is estimated to be on the order of ∼3 ‰ and ∼0.4 ‰ (2σ) on a ∼20 and 100 µm scale, respectively. In comparison, the δ11B variability between shells exhibits a total range of ∼3 ‰ for both techniques, suggesting that several shells need to be analyzed for accurate mean δ11B values. Based on a simple resampling method, we conclude that ∼12 shells of C. wuellerstorfi must be analyzed using LA-MC-ICPMS to obtain an accurate average value within ±0.5 ‰ (2σ) to resolve pH variations of ∼0.1. Based on our findings, we suggest preferring the conventional bulk solution MC-ICPMS over the in situ methods for paleo-pH studies, for example. However, SIMS and LA provide powerful tools for high-resolution paleoreconstructions, or for investigating ontogenetic trends in δ11B.

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44

Chen, Heng, Naomi J. Saunders, Matthew Jerram und Alex N. Halliday. „High-precision potassium isotopic measurements by collision cell equipped MC-ICPMS“. Chemical Geology 578 (September 2021): 120281. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2021.120281.

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45

MOFFAT, I., C. STRINGER und R. GRUN. „SPATIALLY RESOLVED LA-MC-ICPMS STRONTIUM ISOTOPE MICROANALYSIS OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL FAUNA“. PALAIOS 27, Nr. 9 (16.10.2012): 667–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2110/palo.2012.so5.

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46

Shao, Qing-Feng, Chun-Hua Li, Meng-Jie Huang, Ze-Bo Liao, Jennifer Arps, Chun-Yuan Huang, Yu-Chen Chou und Xing-Gong Kong. „Interactive programs of MC-ICPMS data processing for 230Th/U geochronology“. Quaternary Geochronology 51 (April 2019): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quageo.2019.01.004.

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Vance, Derek, und Matthew Thirlwall. „An assessment of mass discrimination in MC-ICPMS using Nd isotopes“. Chemical Geology 185, Nr. 3-4 (Mai 2002): 227–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0009-2541(01)00402-8.

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Gelman, Faina, und Ludwik Halicz. „High precision determination of bromine isotope ratio by GC-MC-ICPMS“. International Journal of Mass Spectrometry 289, Nr. 2-3 (Januar 2010): 167–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijms.2009.10.004.

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Weyer, S., und J. B. Schwieters. „High precision Fe isotope measurements with high mass resolution MC-ICPMS“. International Journal of Mass Spectrometry 226, Nr. 3 (Mai 2003): 355–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1387-3806(03)00078-2.

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XIA, XIAOPING, ZHONGYUAN REN, GANGJIAN WEI, LE ZHANG, MIN SUN und YUEJUN WANG. „In situ rutile U-Pb dating by laser ablation-MC-ICPMS“. GEOCHEMICAL JOURNAL 47, Nr. 4 (2013): 459–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2343/geochemj.2.0267.

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