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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Mayo children"
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Tsvetkova, V. S., T. N. Budkina, M. O. Prokhorenkova, A. V. Vinokurova, M. M. Lokhmatov, A. S. Potapov, E. L. Semikina, A. N. Surkov und A. P. Fisenko. „Accuracy of endoscopic indices in assessing the activity of ulcerative colitis in children“. Voprosy praktičeskoj pediatrii 17, Nr. 1 (2022): 36–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.20953/1817-7646-2022-1-36-42.
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Objective. To evaluate the accuracy and informativeness of two endoscopic indices for ulcerative colitis (UC) activity recommended for pediatric practice (Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity (UCEIS) and Mayo ES) and analyze their correlation with clinical and laboratory indicators of disease activity. Patients and methods. This study included 80 patients (42 boys, 38 girls) aged 5 to 18 years diagnosed with UC. The activity of UC was evaluated using the Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis Activity Index (PUCAI). Laboratory examination included measurement of hemoglobin, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), and fecal calprotectin. All children underwent ileocolonoscopy with the assessment of endoscopic severity using the UCEIS and Mayo ES. Results. We identified a significant correlation between UCEIS and Mayo ES (Spearman ρ 0.771, p < 0.001). Both endoscopic indices also correlated with PUCAI (Spearman ρ 0.660, p < 0.001 and Spearman ρ 0.625, p < 0.001, respectively). The level of fecal calprotectin demonstrated the highest correlation with UCEIS and Mayo ES (Spearman ρ 0.594 and 0.595, p < 0.001, respectively). Conclusion. The UCEIS and Mayo ES are highly accurate and informative for the assessment of UC inflammatory activity in children. The UCEIS scale is more detailed, while Mayo ES scale is easier to use in clinical practice. Key words: ulcerative colitis, colonoscopy, endoscopic activity indices, UCEIS, Mayo ES.
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Huynh Dr, H., H. Ma, D. Isaac, K. Novak, P. Almeida, J. Kim, A. Kuc, M. Carroll und E. Wine. „P177 Validation of UC Intestinal Ultrasound (UC-IUS) Index for children with Ulcerative Colitis“. Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 16, Supplement_1 (01.01.2022): i245. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjab232.305.
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Abstract Background Transabdominal bowel ultrasound (TABUS) is an ideal tool to assess transmural inflammation in children with Ulcerative Colitis (UC). The UC intestinal US (UC-IUS) Index was developed and validated using endoscopy with strong correlation between UC-IUS Index and Mayo subscore (ρ 0.830; p<0.001). Our aim was to determine how bowel wall thickness (BWT) and UC-IUS Index performed in children at diagnosis in comparison to endoscopy using the Mayo score. Methods Subjects (0–18 years old) with suspected inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) were prospectively enrolled. Baseline TABUS (excluding rectum due to poorly seen) done prior to endoscopy. Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis disease Activity Index (PUCAI) and Mayo were calculated, albumin, C-reactive protein (CRP) and fecal calprotectin (FCP) collected. The UC-IUS Index was calculated for each segment – sigmoid (SC), descending (DC), transverse (TC) and ascending (AC) [bowel wall thickness (BWT) (mm): > 2 =1, >3 =2 and >4 =3; doppler: spots=1 and stretches =2, abnormal haustrations = 1 and fat wrapping =1]. Spearman’s rank (rho) and Pearson’s correlation (r) assess for a correlation. Receiver operating characteristic [ROC] analysis performed for BWT to determine sensitivity and specificity of BWT cut-offs in the UC-IUS. Results Of the 75 subjects recruited for suspected IBD, 26 had UC with mean age 15 years (SD 3.33) and 5 had normal US. Twenty three have extensive pancolitis. Mean PUCAI score: 60 (SD 23.28), CRP 22.62 (SD 39.5) mg/l, albumin 35.6 (SD 6.96) g/l and fecal calprotectin of 2223 (SD 1757) mg/kg. ROC curves generated using a total of 122 colonic segments. BWT of 2 mm discriminates between active and inactive:Mayo 0 and Mayo1-3 [sensitivity 84.9%; specificity 86.2%; an area under the curve [AUC] 0.900]; a cut-off of 3mm discriminates between Mayo 1 from Mayo 2–3 [sensitivity of 61.3%; specificity 90.5%; AUC 0.858]; a cut of 4mm discriminates Mayo 3 (sensitivity 64.7%; specificity 85.7 %; AUC 0.876). BWT and UC-IUS scores of all colonic segments correlated highly positively with the Mayo score of corresponding segments (rho=0.684, r=0.660, p<0.001) and (rho=0.750, r=0.722, P<0.001) respectively. The UC-IUS Index correlates poorly with CRP, ESR, and Fecal Calprotectin - r = 0.262, 0.346 and 0.100 respectively; p>0.05. Conclusion BWT and UC-IUS Index correlated highly positively with the Mayo subscore in children with UC. UC-IUS has a better correlation than BWT. BWT cut-off of 2mm discriminate between normal and mild Mayo is optimal. Cut-offs of 3 mm and 4 mm for moderate and severe Mayo may be too high in children with lower sensitivity. A larger cohort of children with UC will need to be studied to determine optimal BWT cut-off for moderate and severe disease.
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Sarbagili-Shabat, Chen, Dror Weiner, Joram Wardi, Lee Abramas, Michal Yaakov und Arie Levine. „MODERATE TO SEVERE ENDOSCOPIC INFLAMMATION IS FREQUENT AFTER ACHIEVING CLINICAL REMISSION IN PEDIATRIC ULCERATIVE COLITIS“. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 27, Supplement_1 (01.01.2021): S13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ibd/izaa347.031.
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Abstract Background Pediatric ulcerative colitis (UC) is characterized by low sustained remission rates and frequent extension of disease even if clinical remission is obtained with therapy. Moderate to severe endoscopic activity is a risk factor for relapse while evidence regarding early mucosal healing or persistence of inflammation after remission in children is not available. Our aim was to evaluate if persistence of significant inflammation is common and could explain the high relapse rate in pediatric UC. Methods Pediatric UC patients with clinical remission, defined as pediatric UC activity index (PUCAI) scores < 10, were prospectively assessed for mucosal healing by endoscopy 3–5 months after remission was documented. Mayo score was assessed for each segment by a blinded adult gastroenterologist using central reading. Symptomatic patients prior to sigmoidoscopy were excluded Sustained remission was assessed retrospectively at 18 months follow-up. Results Forty-six children were enrolled, 28 children in continuous clinical remission at time of sigmoidoscopy were included in the final analysis. Mayo 0 was present in 12/28 (42.86%), Mayo 1 in 2/28 (7.1%) and Mayo 2–3 in 14/28 (50.0%) endoscopies. Among 23/28 patients with follow-up through 18 months, remission was sustained in 2/11 (18.18%) of patients with Mayo 2 and 3 versus 6/12 (50.0%) with Mayo score 0–1. Conclusion Over 50% of children assessed for mucosal healing 3–5 months after clinical remission is obtained have residual disease activity, primarily moderate to severe inflammation which was associated with lower sustained remission. Early sigmoidoscopy after clinical remission for assessment of mucosal disease should be considered in pediatric UC.
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Sarbagili Shabat, C., D. Weiner, J. Wardi, L. Abramas, M. Yaakov und A. Levine. „P640 Moderate to severe endoscopic inflammation is frequent after clinical remission in pediatric ulcerative colitis: A cause for disease extension and relapse?“ Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 14, Supplement_1 (Januar 2020): S530—S531. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjz203.768.
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Abstract Background Pediatric ulcerative colitis (UC) is characterised by low sustained remission rates and frequent extension of disease even if clinical remission is obtained. Current therapy in pediatric UC is driven primarily by clinical response. Extension of disease and high relapse rates may be due to a failure to obtain mucosal healing with treatment despite clinical remission. Our aim was to evaluate this possibility by assessing endoscopic disease activity after remission was obtained. Methods Pediatric UC patients with clinical remission, defined as sustained PUCAI < 10 three months after remission was obtained, were prospectively assessed for mucosal healing by endoscopy. Mayo score was assessed for each segment by a blinded adult gastroenterologist using central reading. Results 41 children were enrolled after informed consent, 7 were excluded because of a PUCAI score 10–15 at the time of sigmoidoscopy. Thirty-four Sigmoidoscopies were performed 12–20 weeks after reporting clinical remission. Mucosal healing Mayo 0 was present in 15 endoscopies (44%), Mayo 1 was present in 2 endoscopies (6%) and moderate to severe endoscopic scores Mayo 2–3 was present in 17 endoscopies (50%). Conclusion About 50% of children assessed for mucosal healing 3–5 months after clinical remission is obtained have residual moderate to severe inflammation. Inadequate endoscopic improvement despite clinical remission may explain disease extension and the high relapse rate in children.
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Gajdobranski, Djordje, Dragoljub Zivanovic, Aleksandra Mikov, Andjelka Slavkovic, Dusan Maric, Zoran Marjanovic und Vukadin Milankov. „Scaphoid fractures in children“. Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 142, Nr. 7-8 (2014): 444–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh1408444g.
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Introduction. Scaphoid fractures are rare in childhood. Diagnosis is very difficult to establish because carpal bones are not fully ossified. In suspected cases comparative or delayed radiography is used, as well as computerized tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound and bone scintigraphy. Majority of scaphoid fractures are treated conservatively with good results. In case of delayed fracture healing various types of treatment are available. Objective. To determine the mechanism of injury, clinical healing process, types and outcome of treatment of scaphoid fractures in children. Methods. We retrospectively analyzed patients with traumatic closed fracture of the scaphoid bone over a ten-year period (2002-2011). The outcome of the treatment of ?acute? scaphoid fracture was evaluated using the Mayo Wrist Score. Results. There were in total 34 patients, of mean age 13.8 years, with traumatic closed fracture of the scaphoid bone, whose bone growth was not finished yet. Most common injury mechanism was fall on outstretched arm - 76% of patients. During the examined period 31 children with ?acute? fracture underwent conservative treatment, with average immobilization period of 51 days. Six patients were lost to follow-up. In the remaining 25 patients, after completed rehabilitation, functional results determined by the Mayo Wrist Score were excellent. Conclusion. Conservative therapy of ?acute? scaphoid fractures is an acceptable treatment option for pediatric patients with excellent functional results.
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Yogi, Sushil, Dinesh Kumar Shrestha und Aman Shah. „Evaluation of Displaced Medial Epicondyle Fracture in Children Treated Operatively with K Wire“. Journal of Nepalgunj Medical College 20, Nr. 1 (31.07.2022): 43–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jngmc.v20i1.48342.
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Introduction: Medial epicondyle fractures of humerus are one of the common pediatric elbow injuries accounting for nearly 11% of the elbow injuries. This avulsion apophyseal fracture can lead to non-union and valgus instability. Thus, open reduction and internal fixation is helpful in maintaining union and a stable functioning elbow joint.
Aims: To evaluate the outcome of operative management of displaced medial epicondyle fracture of humerus by open reduction and internal fixation with Kirschner wires using MAYO elbow scoring.
Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at the Department of Orthopedics of Nepalgunj Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Kohalpur from July 2020 to December 2021 in childrenbetween six to 16 years of age. All the patients in study were treated by open reduction and internal fixation with K wires. Mayo elbow performance score was used for evaluating functional outcome.
Results: Thirty six patients were included with the mean age of 11.5 years (SD ± 2.5). Twenty five patients were males and 11 were females. Left side was found to be predominantly involved in 23 patients (66.6%). The mean duration of union was found to be 6.6 weeks (SD±0.6). Thirty four patients had excellent result in Mayo elbow performance score while two patients showed good result. The mean Mayo elbow performance score was 96.4 (SD± 3.9).
Conclusion: Open reduction and internal fixation with K wires in this type of fracture had excellent to good results. The complications like nonunion and valgus instability are found to have fewer occurrences in children treated with operative means of treatment.
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Hamilton, Kathy. „Book Review: Consumer Kids - How Big Business is Grooming Our Children for Profit“. International Journal of Market Research 51, Nr. 5 (Januar 2009): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/147078530905100501.
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Facer, George W., AnnaMary Peterson, Robert H. Brey, Mitchell Marion, Michael Cevette, Karla Balko, J. Douglas Green, Darrell Rose und Angela Pool. „The Mayo Clinic Experience with the Cochlear Implant“. Ear, Nose & Throat Journal 73, Nr. 3 (März 1994): 149–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014556139407300307.
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The implantati on of a cochlear electronic prosthetic device is an accept able means of improving the communication ability of pre- and postlinguaIIy deafened children and adults. A significant number of patients in this series are in the senior citizen age group. It has been beneficial in improving communication ability in selected profoundly deafened individuals. There has been a significant improvement in the cochlear electronic prosthetic device since the initial report of Djourno1 in 1957.
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Rahmadini, Aprilia Putri. „RATIONAL EMOTIVE THERAPY IBU YANG MEMILIKI ANAK DENGAN THALASSAEMIA BETA MAYO“. Jurnal Ilmiah Psyche 12, Nr. 1 (10.01.2019): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.33557/jpsyche.v12i1.600.
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Beta Thalassaemia Major is a genetic blood disorder that causes blood cells red rapidly destroyed in 20-30 days so that the body is deprived of blood. Treatment can be done during this time is a lifetime of blood transfusions. Their conditions of denial of information mother about the child's condition, as was the condition of self is not a carrier of thalassemia trait, blaming the pair as a nature, thinking irrational that the child's illness is a punishment from God for their sins in the past, the child has no future again, resulting in the emergence of maternal behavior that may endanger the lives of children like too late to bring the child to transfusion. Research Purposes is to produce a group counseling program with Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) approach in order to increasing acceptance of mothers of children with beta thalassemia major.
Research Design is one group pretest-posttest. Group counseling with REBT approach is done in 6 meetings. In the process, the mother will discuss issues with members of the group and counselors who help mothers to detect the irrational belief that appears, discriminating rational beliefs, and challenging that belief, to be replaced by a rational belief. The subject are mothers who have children with beta thalassemia major amounted to 2 people.
Results known to both participants are still in bargaining phase. However, prevalence increased mother’s acceptance of children with beta thalassemia major, marked by decreased aspects of denial and anger on both mother. Conclusion Group counseling with REBT approach can improve mother’s acceptance of children with beta thalassemia major.
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Anderson, Heather N., Joseph A. Dearani, Sameh M. Said, Mark D. Norris, Kavitha N. Pundi, Angela R. Miller, Michael L. Cetta, Benjamin W. Eidem, Patrick W. O'Leary und Frank Cetta. „Cone Reconstruction in Children with Ebstein Anomaly: The Mayo Clinic Experience“. Congenital Heart Disease 9, Nr. 3 (23.12.2013): 266–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/chd.12155.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDissertationen zum Thema "Mayo children"
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May-Fraser, Lena Jo. „Body size awareness, stereotypes, friendship selection and self-preferences of 3 to 5 year-old children“. Thesis, Montana State University, 2009. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2009/may-fraser/May-FraserL0509.pdf.
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Research has found that anti-fat attitudes are pervasive among school-age children, adolescents, and adults (e.g., Ryckman, Robbins, Kaczor & Gold, 1989; Brylinsky & Moore, 1994). However, very few studies have examined this phenomenon in preschool-age children. Furthermore, prior methodology used to investigate this topic has been criticized for its unrealistic nature. Thus, the goal of this study was to examine body size awareness, stereotypes, friendship selection, and self-preferences of 3 to 5 year-old children, using improved methodology. The first improvement made to this study was the replacement of materials used in the past, with new stimuli: photographs of real children. These photographs were digitally altered to obtain three different body sizes (thin, average and overweight), while controlling for facial attractiveness. The intent of using photographs of real children rather than hand-made figures was to increase the realistic quality of the stimuli. Additionally, photographs of boys and girls were used to assess same- and cross-gender judgments of body size. For each item, children were asked to hand the selected target figure to the experimenter to decrease ambiguity about participant choices. Results showed that body size awareness increases as a function of age. Anti-fat bias was present in children as young as 3 years also increased as a function of age. Children were less likely to ascribe positive traits (e.g., "nicest" and "cutest") to the overweight target compared to either the thin or average sized targets. Similarly, children were more likely to assign negative adjectives (e.g., "stupidest" and "ugliest") to and prefer not to play with or look like the overweight targets relative to thin and average size targets. These results necessitate the implementation of body-size-acceptance-based programs in preschool and daycare facilities to reduce body-size-based stereotypes, prejudice, and discrimination at an early age.
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Wilson, Hannah J. „Health indicators in double burdened urban Maya children and mothers“. Thesis, Loughborough University, 2012. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/10233.
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Background Middle-income countries are currently undergoing nutrition transition more rapidly than did high income countries. These populations are therefore at high risk of over-nutrition (obesity) and nutrition-related, non-communicable diseases before the elimination of under-nutrition and infectious diseases. Such nutritional double burden is most common in low SES groups of middle-income countries, such as the Maya of Mexico. Long-term poor environmental conditions during early life results in a population with high levels of chronic under-nutrition (stunting), and a consequent predisposition toward overweight/ obesity, and associated health risks later in life. It is important to be able to identify individuals at an increased risk of diseases related to double burden and to determine whether stunting impacts the ability to identify at risk individuals. Aims The overall purpose of this doctoral research was to examine double burden in the urban Maya, a low SES section of the Mexican population which is a current example of a population undergoing significant transition. The specific aims of this thesis were fourfold: 1) To describe the living conditions and population characteristics of the urban Maya of southern Merida in the spring and summer of 2010; 2) to determine whether body mass index (BMI) predicts adiposity indicators in a sample of women and children with a high prevalence of stunting, 3) to determine whether measures of linear growth in women can be predicted by their recalled childhood environment and 4) To determine whether the relationship between objectively estimated free-living energy expenditure and body composition is altered by stunting. Methods Data from interviews, anthropometric measurements and bioelectrical impedance analysis were collected on 58 Maya schoolchildren aged 7-9 years-old and their mothers living in the south of Merida, Mexico. Objective, free-living physical activity monitoring using combined accelerometry and heart rate monitoring of the children was also performed for one week. The interview data was used to describe the living conditions of the south of Merida. Whether stunting status or body proportions influenced the power of BMI to predict adiposity indicators was assessed for the mothers and the children. The mothers recalled early life SES was compared to their current measures of linear growth. The children s objectively estimated energy expenditure was compared to their body composition and measurements of body size. Results The Maya of southern Merida overall had access to clean drinking water and basic health care and have apparently eliminated acute under-nutrition. Yet they remained double burdened with simultaneous stunting and overweight/ obesity. Individual double burden levels were high, with 70% of the mothers were simultaneously stunted and overweight. Family level double burden was also high, with 28% of the families having an overweight mother and a stunted child. The rates of childhood malnutrition varied widely when using different cut-offs. Child stunting rates were between 15.5% and 37.9% when using -2 z-scores of Frisancho s Comprehensive (created using NHANES data) reference versus the 5th percentile of the WHO reference, respectively. Child overweight/ obesity rates were less than 10% when using weight-for-age on both the Comprehensive and WHO reference charts. Child overweight/ obesity as classified using BMI z-scores was between 27.5 to 34.5% using the Comprehensive and WHO reference, respectively, while child overfat was over 80% when using body fat percentage for age reference curves. BMI predicted adiposity indicators in these Maya children, explaining between 33 and 84% of the variance in arm fat index and waist circumference z-score, respectively. BMI was less strongly related to the mothers adiposity indicators, explaining between 19 and 70% of the variance in arm fat area and waist circumference. The relationship between BMI and adiposity indicators was unchanged by stunting or body proportions in either mothers or children. Mothers recalled early life SES was significantly related to but explained little of the variance in her measures of linear growth. Birth decade explained 5% of the variance in stature and the Modernisation index (urban/ rural birth, sugar sweetened beverage consumption, packaged food consumption) explained 5% of the variance in mothers leg length. Birth order, sibling number and consumer durable ownership were also significantly related to linear growth of the mothers. These Maya children had high levels of physical activity, as all exceeded the recommended 60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity per day. After controlling for fat free mass, short stature did not predict lower resting energy expenditures in the children. However shorter stature did predict lower levels of activity energy expenditure, particularly in girls. Stunted girls had the lowest activity energy expenditures. Conclusions These urban Maya tend to have access to basic sanitation and services and are at a very high risk for NR-NCDs with the co-existence of chronic under-nutrition (stunting) and overweight/ obesity. The high rates of stunting do not impact the usefulness of BMI to estimate adiposity nor does stunting appear to impact children s energy expenditure. While BMI is useful to predict adiposity in these urban Maya children, it is not recommended for use in the mothers. Interventions to reduce childhood adiposity need to begin very early in life to most effectively reduce adiposity. Research into the low SES groups of middle-income countries, offers insight to what may occur in low-income countries as they advance in the nutrition transition.
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Lopes, Maria Albertina. „South African educators' experiences of learners who may have ADHD in their classrooms“. Pretoria : [s.n.], 2008. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-04222009-112725.
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Gebers, Paul Eric. „Health of street children in Cape Town, May-November 1989“. Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27188.
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This cross-sectional study looks at the health profiles of street children both in institutions and on the street between May and November 1989. The former group had a clinical examination, with blood and urine investigations done where possible; the latter group were only interviewed. 159 street children were interviewed of whom 47 were interviewed on the street. 73 children had clinical examinations; 64 of these had blood and urine investigations. The age range was 8 years to 19.8 years. 18.2% were females and 28.3% were black. 59,6% of those interviewed on the street had not been in an institution or shelter for street children. 27, 2% of the total group had been on the street for more 3 years. 3 7, 1 % perceived colds and chest complaints as their main physical health problem. This was confirmed by the fact that 69,2% had a history of respiratory problems. 44,7% said that they would go to a hospital if they injured themselves or were ill; however, 36,5% said they would not use or get any medication for problems such as a headache or a bad cold. 37·, 7% of children used a hospital while they were on street but 59, 7% had not used any facility while on the street. Most street children (72,8%) washed themselves at least occasionally and 61% washed their clothes. 47,2% had suffered trauma significant enough to seek hospital attention. 56% had skin problems (including lice and scabies) while on the street. 15,7% complained of visual problems and 10,7% complained of reduced hearing. Dental problems appeared to be of major concern with 37,7% complaining of either toothache or dental caries (23,3% had obvious caries on examination). 73,4% admitted to solvent abuse, 49,9% had never taken alcohol and 12,7% had never smoked. 43% had tried dagga, 10,8% white pipe (mixture of dagga and "Mandrax" which is smoked) and only 7,6% "Mandrax" alone. 10, 9% of boys and 10, 0% of girls indicated that they had been sexually exploited. Of the 67 examined 32,8% were below 90% of expected height for age, 44,8% were below 80% of expected weight for age and 8,6% had a circumference of head below 95% of standard. There is a 9,4% Hepatitis Bs ag carrier rate. No HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) antibodies were detected in 64 sera tested. On the basis of these results, the following are recommended: 1) Improving accessibility of health care resources. 2) Improving the availability of health care resources. 3)· Initiating contacts with street children by employing field health workers. 4) Drawing up a health care policy for street children institutions and field care workers. 5) Limit venereal disease management to single dose treatment where possible. 6) Further studies need to be undertaken in the following areas: - solvent abuse - utilisation of health care resources utilisation institutions of street children shelters and Further breakdown of habits, physical problems and results of examinations are presented.
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Crudo, Matilde Araki. „Infancia, trabalho e educação : os aprendizes do Arsenal de Guerra de Mato Gross (Cuiaba, 1842-1899)“. [s.n.], 2005. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/280823.
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Orientador: Paulo Celso MiceliTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas
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Resumo: Durante quase 50 anos, centenas de meninos pobres, órfãos ou abandonados, viveram internados no Arsenal de Guerra de Mato Grosso, onde estudaram e trabalharam. Analisar esta iniciativa militar de articular trabalho e educação para disciplinar a população livre pobre, na segunda metade do século XIX, em meio a uma sociedade escravista, é o objetivo desta tese. Na primeira parte, após um rápido histórico do Arsenal de Guerra, criado em 1832 na província de Mato Grosso, para armazenar e produzir objetos necessários à manutenção de tropas militares em área de fronteira, apresento sua estrutura burocrática e examino suas finalidades como unidade complexa que reunia armazéns, oficinas, prisão e escola. Nessa trama complexa de relações sociais, os aprendizes interagiram com soldados artífices e mestres de oficina, professores e guardas, presos civis e militares, escravos e serventes aprenderam os oficios de sapateiro, tanoeiro, funileiro, entre outros, mas assimilaram também comportamentos considerados inadequados pelas autoridades imperiais. Ainda na primeira parte, analiso as atitudes contraditórias da população livre pobre, de rejeição e de submissão, ao projeto disciplinar. A inserção dos aprendizes no trabalho das oficinas e o aprendizado dos conteúdos necessários à formação de um trabalhador disciplinado são abordados na segunda parte. A terceira parte examina outros mecanismos de controle utilizados para submeter os aprendizes à disciplina do trabalho e evidencia o êxito da estratégia imperial ao demonstrar que o Arsenal de Guerra conseguiu formar não só bons operários, como também preparar mestres de oficinas. Mas nem tudo foi submissão. Descrevo também os mecanismos de resistência dos trabalhadores à disciplina, destacando as fugas dos aprendizes. Finalmente, evidencio como as atitudes de resistência provocaram o efeito perverso de reiterar o preconceito contra a infancia pobre, por meio da construção das categorias de aprendiz para designar a que se submete à disciplina do trabalho e a de menor para discriminar a criança insubmissa
Abstract: For almost 50 years, hundreds of orphaned or abandoned poor children were housed in the War Arsenal ofthe State of Mato Grosso where they studied and worked. To analyse this military initiative of providing work and education to discipline the poor, free population in the second half of the 19th century is the aim of this thesis. In the first part, after a brief history ofthe War Arsenal, which was created in 1832 in the then province of Mato Grosso to store and produce objects necessary for the maintenance of military troops in the border areas, I present its bureaucratic structure and examine its objectives as a complex unit that combined depots, workshops, a prison and a school. In the midst of complex social relationships where the apprentices interacted with trained soldiers and master tradesman, teachers and guards, civilian and military prisoners, slaves and servants; they learnt the trades of shoemakers, tanners and tinkers among others. But they also adopted types of behaviour considered to be inappropriate by the imperial authorities. Still in the first part, I analyse the contradictory behaviour of the poor, free population of rejecting and submitting to the disciplinary regime. The inclusion of the apprentices in the workshops and the learning of the necessary skills to become a disciplined worker are approached in the second part after a brief review of the literature on work and education. The third part examines other control mechanisms used to submit the apprentices to the work discipline regime and shows the success achieved by the imperial strategy by demonstrating that the War Arsenal managed to train not only good workers but also produced master tradesman. But it wasn't alI about submission. I also describe the resistance mechanisms used by the workers against the strict discipline, particularly the escape of apprentices. Finally, I show how this resistance provoked the perverse effect of reiterating the prejudice against the poor children by means of establishing categories for the a.pprenticesto designate those that submitted to the work discipline regime to a higher category and those that refused to a lower category who were thus subjected to discrimination
Doutorado
Historia Cultural
Doutor em História
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Rasmussen, Jessica. „Children in family law proceedings: They may be seen but they heard?“ Thesis, Rasmussen, Jessica (2011) Children in family law proceedings: They may be seen but they heard? Honours thesis, Murdoch University, 2011. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/41686/.
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Over the last few decades, there has been increasing interest in the extent to which children should be able to participate in family law decisions that affect them. The ongoing discussion has been centred on how children should be heard and whether their views are in fact recognised and respected in practice. However, despite this growing interest, children continue to report feeling isolated and excluded from Australian family law decision-making processes.
This paper discusses the ways in which children are 'seen and heard' in the Australian family law system. It pays particular attention to the protectionist stance currently adopted by the Family Court of Australia, which favours hearing children's voices via filtered mechanisms, such as through appointed Independent Children's Lawyers or through family reports prepared by Family Consultants, as opposed to hearing from children directly. In this context, it examines the reluctance of Australian judges to embrace the practice of judicial interviewing. The paper goes on to consider whether the introduction of mandatory 'child-inclusive' family dispute resolution would go some way to addressing concerns about the inclusion of children's voices in parenting disputes.
This paper concludes that children should have direct, meaningful involvement in family law decisions that affect them. It argues that hearing from a child directly benefits children and decision making far more than hearing a child's voice through filtered, indirect means. It also contends that if a child wishes to express their views directly to a court or judge that they should be afforded the opportunity to do so as, like parents, they have to live with the decision that is ultimately made.
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King, Dawn Leona. „How non-disabled children respond to a sibling with disability? the challenges they may or may not haved faced : a project based upon an independent investigation /“. Click here for text online. Smith College School for Social Work website, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10090/988.
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Thesis (M.S.W.)--Smith College School for Social Work, Northampton, Mass., 2007Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment for the degree of Master of Social Work. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 42-46).
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Udall, Anne Jeannette, und Anne Jeannette Udall. „Peer referral as a process for locating Hispanic students who may be gifted“. Diss., The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184312.
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The underrepresentation of minority students in gifted programs is well documented, and is due, in large part, to limited definitions of giftedness and inadequate identification techniques. New methods of locating and identifying gifted minority students must be developed. The peer referral procedure has been cited as one method for locating students who may be gifted but are overlooked by the most common referral source--classroom teachers, but researchers have not investigated directly the use of peer referral for locating minority students in any ethnic group. The subjects were the fourth, fifth, and sixth grade students (N = 1564) and their teachers in nine selected schools, divided into three groups: (a) schools with a Hispanic population of over 75%, (b) schools with an equal proportion of Hispanics and Anglos, and (c) schools with less than 25% Hispanic students. Students completed a peer referral form designed to reflect traits of gifted Hispanic students. Also, the number of teacher referrals using the traditional school district procedures was collected. Primary areas of investigation included the (a) relationship between the ethnicity of the nominator and nominee, (b) relationship between the gender of the nominator and nominee, (c) usefulness of peer referral to locate Hispanic students who may be gifted and (d) sensitivity of the peer referral instrument to Hispanic students. Qualitative and quantitative statistical techniques were used, including stepwise logistic regression, cluster analyses, odds ratios, and content analysis. Findings indicated that peer referral was a useful technique for locating Hispanic and Anglo students that teachers did not refer. Few differences were discovered between the Hispanics and Anglos on the instrument. Students referred peers who matched a stereotypical profile of the academically gifted student. In the balanced schools, Anglos tended to nominate other Anglos and Hispanics tended to nominate other Hispanics. Gender nomination patterns varied, depending on the question focus. Peer referral is a promising practice for locating some Hispanic students who may be gifted; however, if minority students who are different from the majority gifted student are going to be found, other methods of referral, besides teachers and peers, are needed. Researchers must continue to explore the differences and similarities between majority and minority children who are gifted.
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Rolon, Renata Beatriz B. „No fundo do mato virgem nasceu uma literatura: história e análise de obras direcionadas para crianças e jovens em Mato Grosso“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8156/tde-11112014-192127/.
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Esta tese focaliza a formação do campo literário direcionado a crianças e jovens, em Mato Grosso e perfaz o surgimento de um cânone contemporâneo. Para isso, adotamos os estudos teóricos de Bordieu (1996, 2012) e Candido (2000). As implicações do postulado teórico desses críticos foram valiosas, a partir do momento que nos permitiu perceber a posição do autor literário e avaliar o valor e a pertinência de suas obras em determinadas configurações sociais. Primeiramente, apresentamos um estudo sobre a História da Literatura infanto-juvenil mato-grossense, a partir dos primeiros textos literários direcionados a esse público, publicados em periódicos como A Juventude (1916 a 1917), ou em jornais escolares como O Pequeno Mensageiro (1920) e O Liceu (1930), os quais foram responsáveis por ações e pela representação da criança dentro desse universo da escrita. Além disso, foram mapeadas mais de 70 obras infanto-juvenis para se chegar a um primeiro quadro de 26 (vinte e seis) publicadas por editoras em Mato Grosso. Levamos também em conta as obras de autores que publicaram fora do Estado como Antônio de Pádua e Silva e Aclyse de Mattos. Análises mais profundas foram feitas a partir do que consideramos marcos da produção local, a saber: Dunga Rodrigues, Uma aventura em Mato Grosso (1984); Maria da Graça Campos, As meninas e o sabiá (1987), primeiras obras da literatura infanto-juvenil mato-grossense após a divisão do Estado, e Lucinda Persona, A cidade sem Sol (2000) e Ivens Scaff, Uma maneira simples de voar (2006), representativos da produção contemporânea. Foram verificadas as tendências estéticas, os temas, as formas e os recursos visuais que moldaram essas obras, assim como a incidência dos níveis estéticos e utilitários. Suporte teórico fundamental, neste último capítulo, são os estudos de Mendes (1994), necessários para detectar os nossos parâmetros de análise. A conjunção da História e da Crítica literária, embasada nas análises de obras direcionadas ao público infanto-juvenil, é a força motriz deste estudoThis thesis is concerned with the formation of the literary field directly to children and young in Mato Grosso and, make up the beginning of a contemporary canon. With this view, we adopt the theoretical studies of Bordieu (1996, 2012) and Candido (2000). The implications of the theoretical postulate of these scientists were valuable which allowed us to recognize the position of literary author and estimate the value and relevance of their works in certain social settings. Foremost, we present a study about the History of Mato-grossense childrens Literature, from the first literary texts directed to this audience, published by periodic like A Juventude (1916 to 1917) or in school newspaper like O Pequeno Mensageiro (1920) and O Liceu (1930), they were responsible for actions and for the representation of the child within this writing universe. Furthermore, were mapped more than 70 children and youth works to achieve to the first chart with 26 (twenty-six) printed by publishers in Mato Grosso. We also consider the works that their authors have published in other place out of state like Antônio de Pádua e Silva and Aclyse de Mattos. Deeper analysis were made from what we consider mark of the local production, videlicet: Dunga Rodrigues, Uma aventura em Mato Grosso (1984); Maria da Graça Campos, As meninas e o sabiá (1987), first works of the mato-grossense childrens literature after the separation of the State and Lucinda Persona, A cidade sem sol (2000) and Ivens Scaff, Uma maneira simples de voar (2006), typical of contemporary production. The aesthetics trends, themes, forms and the visual features which shaped these works were verified, so well as the incidence of aesthetics levels and utilities in these productions. Fundamental theoretical support. In the last chapter, there are the studies of Mendes (1994), required to detect our analysis parameters. The conjunction of the History and the Book review, grounded in the analysis of works directed to children and youth, is the driving force of this study
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Ammer, Luise Sophie [Verfasser], und Jürgen [Akademischer Betreuer] May. „The burden of influenza among hospitalized febrile children in Ghana / Luise Sophie Ammer ; Betreuer: Jürgen May“. Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1167402529/34.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBücher zum Thema "Mayo children"
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Clinic, Mayo, Hrsg. Mayo Clinic family health book. 4. Aufl. Des Moines, IA: Time Inc. Home Entertainment, 2009.
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López, Alejandro. Coyólim... las aventuras de un niño yoreme: Teatro de títeres. Culiacán, Sinaloa: Honorable Ayuntamiento de Culiacán, Instituto Municipal de Cultura Culiacán, 2016.
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Beatriz, MacKenzie, und Museo Poblano de Arte Virreinal., Hrsg. La muerte niña: Mayo a octubre de 1999. Puebla de los Angeles: Museo Poblano de Arte Virreinal, 1999.
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Urrutia, Ma Cristina. Cinco de Mayo: Yesterday and today. Toronto: Groundwood Books, 1999.
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Ecuador. Código tributario: Actualizado a mayo del 2000. Ecuador: Editorial Juridica del Ecuador, 2000.
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Rodríguez, Jorge Ezequiel. Nietas y nietos de Plaza de Mayo: Un compromiso de identidad. Lomas de Zamora, Buenos Aires, Argentina: Sudestada., 2021.
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Behrens, June. Fiesta!: Cinco de mayo, días de fiesta. Chicago: Childrens Press, 1986.
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Bellocchio, Aurora Zucco de. Pelear la vida: Historia de una Madre de Plaza de Mayo. [La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina?]: Editorial Altamira, 2009.
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Asociación de Abuelas de Plaza de Mayo. und Seminario Internacional sobre Filiación, Identidad, Restitución (1992 : Buenos Aires, Argentina), Hrsg. Filiación, identidad, restitución: 15 años de Lucha de Abuelas de Plaza de Mayo. Buenos Aires: El Bloque Editorial, 1995.
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Arditti, Rita. Searching for life: The grandmothers of the Plaza de Mayo and the disappeared children of Argentina. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1999.
Den vollen Inhalt der Quelle findenBuchteile zum Thema "Mayo children"
1
Chan, Anita. „Introduction“. In Children of Mao, 1–10. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-07317-7_1.
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Chan, Anita. „Political Education and Character Formation in Primary School“. In Children of Mao, 11–51. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-07317-7_2.
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Chan, Anita. „The Political Socialization of Adolescents“. In Children of Mao, 52–123. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-07317-7_3.
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Chan, Anita. „The Cultural Revolution: a Test of Political Activism“. In Children of Mao, 124–84. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-07317-7_4.
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Chan, Anita. „Political Desocialization: The Cultural Revolution’s Aftermath“. In Children of Mao, 185–203. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-07317-7_5.
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Chan, Anita. „Political Socialization and the Authoritarian Personality in China“. In Children of Mao, 204–25. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-07317-7_6.
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Paris, Ben. „Why Gifted Children May Not Test Well“. In Parenting Gifted Children, 19–26. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003237020-4.
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Roth, Maria, Eva-Maria Schmidt, Tove Lafton, Olaf Kapella und Alina Bărbuță. „A Developmental View on Digital Vulnerability and Agency of Children Under 10 Years of Age“. In Understanding The Everyday Digital Lives of Children and Young People, 169–207. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-46929-9_7.
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AbstractThe digital behaviour of children is influenced by vulnerabilities in their offline world, especially in their families and peer group. By analysing children’s interactions with digital technologies (DT) from a familial–ecological developmental perspective, one objective of this chapter is to identify the general, categorical, situational, and individual vulnerabilities in children’s use of DT, their reflections, and their caretakers’ accounts. Adding the cultural constructivist developmental theory of Vygotsky to the ecological perspective that grounds our work in this chapter offers a second objective to incorporate parenting mediation in the discussion on children’s development regarding digital behaviour. The chapter is based on an analysis of 31 family interviews with children aged 5–6 or 8–10 years and 62 members of their families, as well as 31 focus groups with children in the two age groups. The analysis of the mediation of children’s DT use by caregivers and children’s responses to parenting rules shows the relevance of the constructivist theory in understanding children’s digital behaviour. The evolving agency of children may enhance their chances to overcome vulnerabilities and promote healthy adaptation, growth of competence, and resilience.
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Arewa, Olufunmilayo B. „Data Collection, Privacy, and Children in the Digital Economy“. In Families and New Media, 195–213. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-39664-0_9.
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AbstractTechnologies today facilitate widespread dissemination of information, including visual images, and rapid communication to billions of people across the globe. Digital economy firms increasingly shape how we create, disseminate, and access data and information. Data-driven business models increasingly influence companies’ aggregation and use of their customers’ personal information. The collection and use of data have a particular impact on children. Access to information about children may pose both short-term and long-term threats. Children potentially have different and perhaps even greater risks than adults because their relationships with digital spaces may be mediated by family relationships and the activities of other people who may have the authority to disclose their data. A significant percentage of children’s identity theft comes from persons known to them, such as family members. As a result, regulation of children’s data implicates family relationships in ways that are potentially difficult and complex. Existing legal and regulatory approaches may focus on data privacy after it has been collected, with insufficient attention to the effectiveness of consent in light of widespread data technology business models, as well as to extensive data collection and aggregation. While this may harm both adults and children, it places a particular burden on children.
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Meaney, Tamsin, Elena Severina, Monica Gustavsen, Camilla S. Hoven und Sofie B. Larsen. „Mathematical and Computational Thinking in Children’s Problem Solving with Robots“. In Teaching Mathematics as to be Meaningful – Foregrounding Play and Children’s Perspectives, 97–118. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37663-4_8.
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AbstractProgrammable robots are now found in many early childhood centres. However, little research has considered how young children’s problem solving may link computational thinking to mathematical understandings. While most research about robots in kindergarten is from intervention studies to improve children’s computational thinking, in this study we observed two children solving tasks with a robot in a naturalistic setting. We identified when the children had a problem that they could not immediately solve, by looking for signs of uncertainty, for example by putting their hand to their mouth, stopping and/or looking up at the teacher. By analysing the children’s problem solving of those problems, alongside a teacher, we were able to identify how aspects of computational thinking were connected to mathematical understanding. In particular, number understandings, such as the difference between ordinal and cardinal counting and early addition, seemed important for solving problems related to sequencing, decomposition and debugging. The children’s developing understanding about counting may have contributed to the children’s uncertainty about programming the robot.
Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Mayo children"
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Salama, Monica, Aliya hamid, Claudia Stanciu, Burhan Ullah und Johannes Letshwiti. „GP119 Antibiotic stewardship: determining the extent of e. coli resistance to co-amoxiclav in children with urinary tract infection in mayo university hospital“. In Faculty of Paediatrics of the Royal College of Physicians of Ireland, 9th Europaediatrics Congress, 13–15 June, Dublin, Ireland 2019. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2019-epa.184.
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Wang, Shuguang, Daphne Keats, Melissa Gao, S. Zhang, Xian Gui Yang und S. Chai. „Situational Analysis from Two Studies Facilitating the Development of a Psycho- Cultural Rehabilitation Program for Children Affected by the 12 May 2008 Earthquake in Sichuan, China“. In International Association of Cross Cultural Psychology Congress. International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4087/bbhj4677.
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The data presented are from two field studies: (1) a survey of 2234 current children’s caregivers; and (2) interviews with 1200 children, evaluating the children’s social, psychological and behavioural situation after the devastating Sichuan earthquake in the hard-hit Qiang ethnic community. Insights from the findings will be used to develop an evidence-based, culturally appropriate approach on the best use of cultural resources to facilitate the children’s post-disaster rehabilitation. Evidence from the first study indicated that the disaster had a significant impact on the ethnic Qiang children and their families in regard to personal loss, physical injury, social relationships and psychological well-being. Evidence from the second study further indicated: (1) the need for a sustained response to the increasing vulnerability of these children; (2) a very limited effect from outside community visitors, whose one-off inconsistent, non-indigenous approaches and psychological counselling, drawing on the western, individualistic, approach to counseling and psychological/ psychiatric therapies and non-Qiang approaches do not carry over into the children’s everyday life in their own contexts; (3) that little is known about psycho-cultural factors as key resources for supporting an effective response to disaster for ethnic Qiang children; (4) the greatest need for a sustainable effect is therefore to build a culturally appropriate approach through making best use of cultural resources drawing on contributions of both volunteers and official workers from various disciplines and using the Qiang traditional ways to promote the children’s psycho-cultural rehabilitation.
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Schlebbe, Kirsten. „Support versus restriction: parents’ influence on young children’s information behaviour in connection with mobile devices“. In ISIC: the Information Behaviour Conference. University of Borås, Borås, Sweden, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47989/irisic2006.
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Introduction. This paper examines how parents perceive and mediate young children's use of mobile devices and discusses how this may affect children's information behaviour. Method. For data collection, semi-structured interviews with 22 parents from 19 families with 22 children aged one to six years who had already used mobile devices were conducted. Analysis. All interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using the software MAXQDA. A combination of inductive and deductive coding methods was used for data analysis. Results. The analysis shows that young children engage in a great variety of information-related activities while interacting with mobile devices. The results also indicate a strong parental influence. Parents expressed positive and negative perceptions of young children's use of mobile devices and reported different enabling and restrictive mediation practices. Conclusions. By supporting children's use of mobile devices, parents enable their children to engage in activities that help them to access new information and expand their knowledge. At the same time, parents try to protect their children from risks and negative influences through restrictions. In this way, parents act as a bottleneck for children's access to information by mobile devices.
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Barbazi, Neda, und Cecilia Xi Wang. „Perceiving Through Colors: Visual Supports for Children with Autism“. In 14th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2023). AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1003667.
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Visual supports are a communication tool for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to expand their interaction with their surroundings. Interventions to assist children with autism include visual resources as cognitive methods to help them understand concepts, communicate needs, and better navigate their world. One of the key elements in effective visual interaction with an essential effect on autistic children’s behavior is color. Prior studies demonstrated that various colors have different impacts on children with autism. Responses to color are both physiological and psychological. Children with ASD may show unusual sensory processing and perception, as observed by anecdotal evidence from persons with autism and their parents, caregivers, and teachers, suggesting that autistic children may perceive colors differently compared to neurotypical children. Colors’ effect on ASD children may extend well beyond what we imagine. We should not neglect the importance of the particular color effect to avoid sensory overload and attain an optimal setting for children with ASD. Our research tries to further investigate and highlight the relationship between autism and colors by decoding the need of autistic children as follows: (i) whether the color perception is atypical in these children, (ii) highlighting autism-friendly colors, (iii) underlining what colors can improve ASD children’s interaction skills and attention span in different settings. This need-finding study extracted from the existing research and the feedback of users and clinical professionals to identify categories of needs and in-depth observations to understand those categories. Based on our literature review, anecdotal, and observational methods, the results emphasize the need for (i) an in-depth investigation of the physiological and psychological color’s effect; (ii) efficient and reliable tracking methods for unbiased, passive data collection considering challenges associated with the extensive and often unknown interaction characteristics of each autism spectrum; (iii) thorough data analysis and hidden pattern discovery of the collected high-dimensional data; and (iv) adaptive and customizable technology-based guidelines for parents, caregivers, teachers of autistic children, and persons with autism themselves.
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Sakamoto, Takashi, Kouki Kamada, Atsushi Maki und Toshikazu Kato. „The Impact of Parental Treatment and Education on Social Exclusion Sensitivity in Adult Children: A Questionnaire Survey and fNIRS Study Using the Cyberball Paradigm“. In AHFE 2023 Hawaii Edition. AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1004209.
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We investigated how attachment styles between parents and children, as well as the coping styles taught by parents to their children, affect sensitivity to social exclusion using psychological assessments based on questionnaire surveys. Additionally, we examined whether differences in sensitivity to social distress could be detected as differences in activation sites in the brain using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) measurements with the Cyberball Paradigm. The results suggested a potential correlation between children's own coping styles and their cognitive perception of parental guidance. However, no correlation was observed between parental guidance and children's cognition. Furthermore, in the group experiencing high levels of social distress, specific brain regions, the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC) and anterior prefrontal cortex (APFC), were significantly more active during the experience of social distress. Several activations in brain regions not previously reported in conventional research were also observed. These findings suggest that the way parents interact with their children and the content of parental education may have an impact on children's future sensitivity to social distress.
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Duca, Diana Sînziana, und Maria Doina Schipor. „The Classroom Demands and Teacher Self-Efficacy in On-Site and Online Teaching“. In World Lumen Congress 2021, May 26-30, 2021, Iasi, Romania. LUMEN Publishing House, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/wlc2021/20.
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We investigate in this work the relationship between the perceived demands of the teaching profession and the general sense of teachers’ self-efficacy in on-site and online teaching contexts. We present the results of a study with N= 127 Romanian teachers, with ages ranged from 19 to 55, with a mean age of 39,26 years, SD = 9,20 (123 females, 4 males; 73 from urban area, 54 from rural area). Our results show that the self-efficacy of teachers is lower in online professional activities, compared to the self-efficacy of teachers perceived in the on-site professional activities. In the case of the online teaching environment the teachers with high scores on teachers’ self-efficacy tends to consider as being more challenging when dealing with different levels of children's development, working with children with learning disabilities, who have a small number of attendances, who do not follow the received instructions and with children who need more time and energy compared to other children. We discuss implications of our results for policies and strategies to enhance the quality of teaching practices.
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Partalo, Sanja. „Empirijski model prijateljstva predškolske djece u izmijenjenom kontekstu institucionalnog vaspitanja“. In Nauka, nastava, učenje u izmenjenom društvenom kontekstu. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Education in Uzice, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/nnu21.665p.
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The aim of the study was to determine and interpret an empirical model of preschoolers’ friendship. The Observation scale for the evaluation of friendship in institutionally educated preschoolers was applied on the sample of preschool children (N = 2009), containing 52 entries for the educators to assess the frequency of friendship indicators with children of all age groups. The application of exploratory factor analysis resulted in the extraction of four reliable factors which may account for this complex research variable: 1) Friendship as a close step to altruism; 2) Friendship as distancing from egoism; 3) Friendship as distancing from narcissism; and 4) Friendship as giving and accepting love. The first two factors account for social behavior and emphasize socialization. On the other hand, the second two factors are based on the excessively emotional behavior and individualization. The egoism-altruism conflict (socialization) transforms into self-centeredness conflict (narcissism) – and in the process of growing up the emphasis is once again on individualization. Given the fact that friendship is the best indicator of growing up, it maintains one of central issues of education.The obtained results suggest that kindergartens, as the ecologically healthy environment, encourage friendship by fostering high-quality interactions and appreciating childrensʼ individual needs. The role of teachers is of an utmost relevance as they are both partners and friends who inspire friendship and social experience. Also, teachers provide support for spontaneous childrens' activities, including child's play in which interaction reaches its peak.
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Kammerer, Susanne. „Children with atopic dermatitis may be smaller and heavier than healthy children“. In 2024 AAD Annual Meeting, herausgegeben von Peter van de Kerkhof. Baarn, the Netherlands: Medicom Medical Publishers, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.55788/280023dd.
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Krasnoshchekova, Sofia V. „INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS CHTO ‘WHAT’, KTO ‘WHO’, KAKOI ‘WHICH’ AND LINES OF THEIR DERIVATIVES IN THE L1 ACQUISITION“. In 49th International Philological Conference in Memory of Professor Ludmila Verbitskaya (1936–2019). St. Petersburg State University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/9785288062353.16.
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The article examines the acquisition of pronouns of the lines kto ‘who’, chto ‘what’ and kakoi ‘which’, belonging to the interrogative, indefinite and negative groups, by Russian- speaking children. We have used longitudinal data, those being recordings of the speech of 5 children aged from 2 to 4 years. Analysis of the functional-semantic and morphological-syntactic features of pronouns in the speech of children allowed us to draw the following conclusions: children’s speed and ease of mastering the pronouns depends not only on their frequency in the input, but also on the internal linguistic features of each lexeme. The role is played by the combination of the function of a pronoun in a specific utterance, and the basic meaning of the series: for example, in the chto ‘what’ line such cognitively successful combination is “concreteness + objectivity”, and in the kto ‘who’ line “animacy” refers to the lesser level of “concreteness” (this may be explained by the later appearance of lexemes of this line in children’s speech). The line of kakoi ‘which’ demonstrates association between the attributive meaning and a) pure indefiniteness (including non-concreteness in irrealis) and b) deicticity, when primarily non-deictic interrogative kakoi ‘which’ and indefinite kakoi-to ‘some’ in the speech of children in relative-demonstrative, emphatic, and actualizing contexts approach the demonstrative takoi ‘such’. The development of the morphological and syntactic side of pronouns occurs in children without significant difficulties: there are almost no mistakes in the word formation, although children often follow a strategy close to the strategy of avoidance: children prefer to use only the initial forms of pronouns (including the Gen. forms of negative pronouns), so these pronouns adopt certain adverbial traits in the speech of young children and can be seen as unchangeable. The main syntactic features are the use of pronouns within typical constructions, acquired on the whole, and a large number of interrogative sentences in which the pronoun is not transferred to the beginning. Refs 26.
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Cohrssen, Caroline. „The contribution of learning trajectories to enacting the Early Years Learning Framework V2.0“. In Research Conference 2023: Becoming lifelong learners. Australian Council for Educational Research, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37517/978-1-74286-715-1-18.
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The Early Years Learning Framework for Australia v2.0 (EYLF) guides pedagogy and practice with children aged from birth to 5 years and states that ‘over time, children engage with increasingly complex ideas’. With 5 learning outcomes and 8 principles of practice, this requires educators to be highly skilled in facilitating children’s engagement with increasingly complex ideas. It also assumes that all educators recognise children’s demonstrations of understanding, and know what knowledge (or capabilities) likely preceded this understanding, and what comes next. As a framework, this specific information is missing from the EYLF. Learning trajectories may assist educators to recognise demonstrations of knowledge and capability, and to plan opportunities for differentiated teaching and learning that are within a child’s zone of proximal development. A focus on learning trajectories thus supports formative assessment and planning for learning, as well as reflective practice. This presentation will draw on language and communication to discuss the contribution of learning trajectories to teaching practice and the continuity of learning from birth.
Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Mayo children"
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Staley, Michael. Coverage Rates Stabilize for Children’s Health Insurance: State Policy Change May Be Needed to Address Remaining Children Without Insurance. University of New Hampshire Libraries, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.34051/p/2020.232.
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Näslund-Hadley, Emma, Michelle Koussa und Juan Manuel Hernández. Skills for Life: Stress and Brain Development in Early Childhood. Inter-American Development Bank, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003205.
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Learning to cope with disappointments and overcoming obstacles is part of growing up. By conquering some challenges, children develop resilience. Such normal stressors may include initiating a new activity or separation from parents during preschool hours. However, when the challenges in early childhood are intensified by important stressors happening outside their own lives, they may start to worry about the safety of themselves and their families. This may cause chronic stress, which interferes with their emotional, cognitive, and social development. In developing country contexts, it is especially hard to capture promptly the effects of stressors related to the COVID-19 pandemic on childrens cognitive and socioemotional development. In this note, we draw on the literature on the effect of stress on brain development and examine data from a recent survey of households with young children carried out in four Latin American countries to offer suggestions for policy responses. We suggest that early childhood and education systems play a decisive role in assessing and addressing childrens mental health needs. In the absence of forceful policy responses on multiple fronts, the mental health outcomes may become lasting.
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Maksud, A. K. M., Khandaker Reaz Hossain, Sayma Sayed und Amit Arulanantham. Mapping of Children Engaged in the Worst Forms of Child Labour in the Supply Chain of the Leather Industry in Bangladesh. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), Juli 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/clarissa.2021.005.
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This mapping of children in the worst forms of child labour (WFCL) in the leather sector of Bangladesh was conducted in May–August 2020. WFCL are not always obvious and, without better understanding of where, why and how it is happening, the exploitation and abuse of children in the workforce in Bangladesh will continue. This mapping provides a detailed assessment of where children are working in the leather supply chain in Bangladesh, what they are doing, how they came to be doing it and what their conditions of work and experiences are. Furthermore, and critically, it evidences the children’s perceptions of themselves and others as child labourers – the jobs and areas of the sector that they feel comprise WFCL, and the jobs they feel are the most difficult or dangerous to do and that children should not have to do.
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Rojas Smith, Lucia, Megan L. Clayton, Carol Woodell und Carol Mansfield. The Role of Patient Navigators in Improving Caregiver Management of Childhood Asthma. RTI Press, April 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2017.rr.0030.1704.
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Childhood asthma is a significant public health problem in the United States. Barriers to effective asthma management in children include the need for caregivers to identify and manage diverse environmental triggers and promote appropriate use of preventive asthma medications. Although health care providers may introduce asthma treatments and care plans, many providers lack the time and capacity to educate caregivers about asthma in an ongoing, sustained manner. To help address these complexities of asthma care, many providers and caregivers rely on patient navigators (defined as persons who provide patients with a particular set of services and who address barriers to care) (Dohan & Schrag, 2005). Despite growing interest in their value for chronic disease management, researchers and providers know little about how or what benefits patient navigators can provide to caregivers in managing asthma in children. To explore this issue, we conducted a mixed-method evaluation involving focus groups and a survey with caregivers of children with moderate-to-severe asthma who were enrolled in the Merck Childhood Asthma Network Initiative (MCAN). Findings suggest that patient navigators may support children’s asthma management by providing individualized treatment plans and hands-on practice, improving caregivers’ understanding of environmental triggers and their mitigation, and giving clear, accessible instructions for proper medication management. Study results may help to clarify and further develop the role of patient navigators for the effective management of asthma in children.
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Demuynck, Méryl, Anna-Maria Andreeva und George Kefford. A Practitioner’s Guide to Working with Children in VE-Affiliated Families: Protecting the Rights of the Child. ICCT, Mai 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.19165/2022.3.03.
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The PREPARE (Promoting collaborative policies of inclusion relating to children of far right and Islamist parents in Western Europe) project aims to identify vulnerabilities and stigmas that children may face when their parents are involved in violent extremist (VE) networks, and how frontline practitioners can best address them through a collaborative approach centred on the needs of the child. It aims to support these children by supporting frontline practitioners working with these children and their families in six European countries (the Netherlands, Spain, France, Sweden, Germany and Kosovo) to develop a state-of-the-art Child Vulnerability and Intervention Tool and training modules for practitioners. Central to the PREPARE project is ensuring that human rights, the rule of law, and children’s rights remain at the forefront throughout the development and implementation of interventions and programmes aimed at supporting children of families with links to VE. This report thus aims to provide guidance for practitioners on how to support these children through a human rights- and rule of law-compliant approach, that centres on children’s needs, well-being, and long-term prospects, and helps mitigate the risks of stigmatisation, polarisation, and discrimination. This report starts by providing an overview of the rights of the child, as defined in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC), including the four general principles that should inform the implementation of all other rights, as well as any decisions and interventions affecting children, namely the non-discrimination principle, the best interests of the child, the child’s inherent right to life, survival and development, and the child’s right to express their views freely. It notably aims to inform practitioners on what these rights are, to what extent children raised in families with links with VE might see some of these rights infringed upon, as well as how they should inform their work. Finally, this report focuses on providing guidance on identified good practices to support children growing in families with links to VE, which include adopting victim-centred, individually-tailored, gender- and age- conscious approach, developing multidisciplinary and multi-actor programmes, and providing adequate training for practitioners. In addition, the report will further address some of the key challenges and practises to avoid in regards to the safeguarding the rights of children in families with links to VE. Practices to avoid notably include security-centred approaches, one-size-fits-all responses, practices causing re-traumatisation, lack of trust between children and implementers, lack of and/or inadequate training, and lack of long-term funding to ensure sustainable support for children having been exposed to VE environments.
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Bano, Masooda. Low-Fee Private-Tuition Providers in Developing Countries: An Under-Appreciated and Under- Studied Market—Supply-Side Dynamics in Pakistan. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2022/107.
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Although low-income parents’ dependence on low-fee private schools has been actively documented in the past decade, existing research and policy discussions have failed to recognise their heavy reliance on low-fee tuition providers in order to ensure that their children complete the primary cycle. By mapping a vibrant supply of low-fee tuition providers in two neighbourhoods in the twin cities of Rawalpindi and Islamabad in Pakistan, this paper argues for understanding the supply-side dynamics of this segment of the education market with the aim of designing better-informed policies, making better use of public spending on supporting private-sector players to reach the poor. Contrary to what is assumed in studies of the private tuition market, the low-fee tuition providers offering services in the Pakistani urban neighbourhoods are not teachers in government schools trying to make extra money by offering afternoon tutorial to children from their schools. Working from their homes, the tutors featured in this paper are mostly women who often have no formal teacher training but are imaginative in their use of a diverse set of teaching techniques to ensure that children from low-income households who cannot get support for education at home cope with their daily homework assignments and pass the annual exams to transition to the next grade. These tutors were motivated to offer tuition by a combination of factors ranging from the need to earn a living, a desire to stay productively engaged, and for some a commitment to help poor children. Arguing that parents expect them to take full responsibility for their children’s educational attainment, these providers view the poor quality of education in schools, the weak maternal involvement in children’s education, and changing cultural norms, whereby children no longer respect authority, as being key to explaining the prevailing low educational levels. The paper presents evidence that the private tuition providers, who may be viewed as education entrepreneurs, have the potential to be used by the state and development agencies to provide better quality education to children from low-income families.
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Valdivia, Martín. Poverty, Health Infrastructure and the Nutrition of Peruvian Children. Inter-American Development Bank, März 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011275.
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This paper discusses the effect of a significant pro-poor expansion of the country's health infrastructure on child nutrition in Peru, as measured by the height-for-age z-score. Using a pooled sample from the 1992, 1996 and 2000 rounds of the Peruvian DHS, this analysis controls for biases in the allocation of public investments by using a district fixed effects model. Desegregating by type of location, the econometric analysis finds that the effect was found to be significant only in urban areas. Furthermore, the effect is highly nonlinear and has a pro-poor bias. In this sense, this policy seems to have had a pro-poor bias within urban areas, while at the same time excluding the rural population, a traditionally marginalized population group in Peru. These findings support the idea that reducing distance and waiting time barriers may be necessary, but that more explicitly inclusive policies are required to improve the health of the rural poor, especially indigenous groups, so that they can escape this kind of poverty trap.
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McCoy, Sarah Westcott, Doreen Bartlett, Robert Palisano, Lisa Chiarello, Lynn Jeffries, Alyssa Fiss, Steven Hanna et al. Understanding the Development of Children with Cerebral Palsy and How Therapy May Affect Patient-Centered Outcomes. Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute® (PCORI), August 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.25302/8.2019.ce.12115321.
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Patel, Astha, Sara Amadon und Deana Around Him. Pre-K May Be Critical to Academic Success for American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN) Children. Child Trends, Inc., Juni 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56417/6582m1357z.
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Shan, Xiaoyue, und Albert Park. Access to Pensions, Old-Age Support, and Child Investment in the People’s Republic of China. Asian Development Bank, Mai 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/wps230161-2.
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This study shows that the new pension program in the People’s Republic of China can fundamentally alter the traditional support system between generations. While it lessens the role of working-age adults to provide support to their old-age parents, it may also have an impact on the educational investment of parents in their children depending on their gender. Along with the new pension program, policies to reduce school dropout and to support children who receive less parental investment may mitigate the unintended adverse impact.