Dissertationen zum Thema „Matière condensée – Dynamique des fluides“
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Pivano-Danand, Adrien. „Etude de la dynamique des parois de domaines dans les nano-systèmes ferromagnétiques“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0254.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe study of the domain wall dynamics in ferromagnetic nano-systems is crucial for the developement of data-storage devices based on control and displacement of the domain walls. These devices have several advantages : non-volatility, fast execution time, high density, and low power consumption. Using micromagnetics and analytical methods, we have shown that the interaction between two domain walls influences the depinning process under magnetic field, in cylindrical and planar shaped nickel nanowires. We highlighted the nonlinear behaviour of the dynamics of a pinned domain wall, which varies with the material properties and the type of the pinning sites. The Lyapunov phase diagrams display chaotic and periodic regions function of the amplitude and frequency of a harmonic excitation. We have also presented results about the precise manipulation of transverse domain walls by current pulses in a nickel planar nanowire with artificial defects. We have shown that exact positioning of the domain walls at room temperature is possible only for very short symmetric current pulses. We observed inertial effects which can oppose or amplify the spin transfert torque effect. These results open a route to domain wall displacement in both directions with unipolar current pulses
Sultan, Ahmad. „Dynamique dans les fluides quantiques : Etude des excitations collectives dans un liquide de Fermi 2D“. Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00768021.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleChevalier, Thibaud. „Écoulements de fluides à seuil en milieux confinés“. Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00903850.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePottier, Basile. „Les fluctuations de surface pour mesurer les propriétés de systèmes complexes en l'absence de sollicitation“. Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00936208.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePivano-Danand, Adrien. „Etude de la dynamique des parois de domaines dans les nano-systèmes ferromagnétiques“. Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0254/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe study of the domain wall dynamics in ferromagnetic nano-systems is crucial for the developement of data-storage devices based on control and displacement of the domain walls. These devices have several advantages : non-volatility, fast execution time, high density, and low power consumption. Using micromagnetics and analytical methods, we have shown that the interaction between two domain walls influences the depinning process under magnetic field, in cylindrical and planar shaped nickel nanowires. We highlighted the nonlinear behaviour of the dynamics of a pinned domain wall, which varies with the material properties and the type of the pinning sites. The Lyapunov phase diagrams display chaotic and periodic regions function of the amplitude and frequency of a harmonic excitation. We have also presented results about the precise manipulation of transverse domain walls by current pulses in a nickel planar nanowire with artificial defects. We have shown that exact positioning of the domain walls at room temperature is possible only for very short symmetric current pulses. We observed inertial effects which can oppose or amplify the spin transfert torque effect. These results open a route to domain wall displacement in both directions with unipolar current pulses
Adrados, Claire. „Polaritons en microcavité semi-conductrice : dynamique de fluide quantique, effets de spin et mesures de bruit en régime d'oscillation paramétrique“. Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00789192.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBeaumont, Julien. „Ecoulements de fluides viscoélastiques en géométries confinées : application à la récupération assistée des hydrocarbures“. Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00998545.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNoblin, Xavier. „Plantes, gouttes, jets, grains: Quelques problèmes aux interfaces liquides ou élastiques“. Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00856507.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleArvengas, Arnaud. „Cavitation acoustique dans l'eau et quelques liquides organiques : densité et limite de rupture“. Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00710980.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGuéniat, Florimond. „Détection de structures cohérentes dans des écoulements fluides et interfaces homme-machine pour l'exploration et la visualisation interactive de données scientifiques“. Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00947413.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDesgranges, Lionel. „Evolution structurale et dynamique du proton dans l'hydroxyde de calcium Ca(oh)#2 : Lionel Desgranges“. Dijon, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992DIJOS041.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTammar, El Mostapha. „Contribution à l'étude du facteur de structure dynamique des liquides simples“. Metz, 2000. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/2000/Tammar.El_Moustafa.SMZ0012.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleVuatelet, Vincent. „Localisation dynamique à N-corps d'un gaz de Tonks-Girardeau“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022ULILR033.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe Kicked Rotor, paradigm of quantum chaos, is the analog in momentum space of a disordered Anderson system, due to the fact that the system displays the phenomenon of so-called dynamic localization. We study the effect of interactions on dynamical localization in a strongly interacting Bose gas, called the Tonks-Girardeau gas. Exploiting this limit and the Bose-Fermi mapping, we study the physics of a Tonks-Girardeau gas kicked through the reduce one-body density matrix of the system. We find similarity of the system with a Bose gas at finite temperature, we characterize the observables of the system, in particular its energy, its momentum distribution, and the correlations. We relate the emerging effective temperature to the localization characteristics of the system, being in a dynamically localized N-body phase. We also present a characterization of the quasi-periodic version of the Kicked Rotor, analog of a three-dimensional Anderson system, marked by a phase transition between a localized and diffusive regime. We finally analyze the momentum distribution at the critical threshold, and characterize its behavior in its center, at small and large momenta, marked by three different scalings
Tchofo, Dinda Patrice. „Étude d'un réseau bidimensionnel à maille hexagonale à deux sites dans un substrat double-quadratique : diagramme de phase, structure et dynamique des parois, effets de taille finie“. Dijon, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991DIJOS061.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLatour, Benoit. „Contribution à l'étude du transport d'énergie dans la matière condensée : phonons, électrons et photons“. Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLC014/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleEnergy transport at the nanoscale involves different types of carriers - phonon, electron and photon. Their spatial confinement in nanostructured materials implies the invalidation of the macroscopic laws of heat transfer. Therefore, new mechanisms arise and lead to novel thermal properties. This manuscript is devoted to the study of phonon transport in nanomaterials as well as the dissipation processes involving photon/electron and electron/phonon interactions. It is divided in three independent parts. We have first investigated the wave properties of thermal phonons. We have developed a theory to quantitatively assess the coherence of these carriers. Then, we have adressed the coupling between plasmonics and phonon transport in metallic materials. The objective is to quantify how the heat generated by the absorption of an electromagnetic energy will impact the surrounding medium. In the last part, we have included the Bose-Einstein quantum statistics in Molecular Dynamics simulations in order to compute thermal properties of nanomaterials at low temperatures
Souilem, Inès. „Élaboration de miniémulsions dans un nouveau mélangeur à écoulement élongationnel : influence des paramètres du procédé et de la formulation“. Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00864095.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleZidane, Ali. „Risk of subsidence and aquifer contamination due to evaporite dissolution : modelization of flow and mass transport in porous and free flow domains“. Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00867207.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleChrust, Marcin. „Etude numérique de la chute libre d'objets axisymétriques dans un fluide newtonien“. Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00749659.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleElias, Florence. „Ferrofluides et mousses liquides : structure, élasticité et dynamique“. Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00921801.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePergolizzi, Benjamin. „Étude de la dynamique des particules inertielles dans des écoulements aléatoires“. Nice, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012NICE4101.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis deals with the dynamics of inertial particles in non-stationary flows. Whether there are droplets in warm clouds or dust grains in circumstellar disks, such impurities decouple from the flow dynamics and distribute in a heterogeneous manner. Modeling the microphysical interactions between particles thus requires understanding and quantifying this phenomenon of preferential concentration. The origin of such heterogeneities is explained by the simultaneous presence of two mechanisms. On the one hand particles inertia make them detach by centrifugal effect from the flow vortices and concentrate in straining regions. On the other hand, as the particle dynamics is dissipative, they concentrate at long times on a fractal attractor. Such effects are generally studied separately by considering either stationary flows or flows without temporal correlation and thus where structures are absent. In this thesis, I introduce a random flow model having a finite correlation time (measured by a Kubo number) that encompasses these two cases. This approach allows me to identify and study analytically various regimes of the particle dynamics as a function of this parameter and of the Stokes number that measures particle inertia. The richness of this model gives evidence of how complex is the interference between the two mechanisms leading to preferential concentration
Pakhomov, Alexey. „Structure de domaines et processus de fatigue dans les couches minces ferroélectriques“. Amiens, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AMIE0113.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe thesis considers the dynamics of domain structure and fatigue processes of thin ferroelectric films. It is shown that inverse dependence of domain walls oscillation frequency on the film thickness leads to the possibility of observation sub-teragertz mode with a resonant frequency ~ ω0/2π ~10¹¹ Hz in dynamic response range of the film with thickness ~10 nm. The total dielectric constant of the heterostructure: ferroelectric-paraelectric was calculated. Its value depends on the ratio of the thickness of ferroelectric and paraelectric layers and values of their dielectric constants. Were considered "head to head" and "tail to tail" charged domain walls. The presence of these walls is energetically unfavorable under normal conditions due to their high electrostatic energy. But it's possible in case of effective screening of the bound charge in a wall. Investigations of switching currents revealed reducing the mobility of domain walls with decreasing thickness of the ferroelectric film. This effect is due to the high concentration of defects in the surface regions. For a constant film thickness mobility of the domain wall in the high field is kept constant with an increase in the number of switching cycles. It indicates on a lack of correlation with the kinetics of the processes of fatigue domain boundaries. It was observed a decrease in the switching volume during fatigue. This phenomenon is explained by the fixation of switching reverse domain nucleation by charged defects. The degree of this securing increases with the number of switching cycles of the polarization of ferroelectric films, since the accumulation of the charged defects near the surface of the film. For thinner films and for films with smaller crystallites fatigue processes more active. The experimental dependence of fatigue processes are explained in the framework of the directional movement of dislocations to the film surface in an alternating electric field, which leads to fixation of surface nucleation of reversed domains. There is a constant component of the force, driving the dislocations in the same direction during the periodic switching of the ferroelectric sample. Increase of the internal field in the process of fatigue is associated with the presence of misfit dislocations in the contact area of the ferroelectric film and the substrate. Deformation caused by such dislocations decrease with distance from the contact area. Thus creating a strain gradient which leads to the formation of internal displacement field due to the flexoelectric effect
Balestro, Franck. „Dynamique quantique d'un SQUID-DC“. Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00004224.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLefebvre, Gautier. „Incorporation de liquide dans un milieu granulaire : mécanismes du mélange“. Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01061870.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDjafer-Cherif, Ilyas. „Descriptions continues et stochastiques de la matière active“. Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS216/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis purpose is to study simple "self-propelled" agents models: they are able to generate motion by consumming energy comming from their environment, without external forcing. Two models of that kind have been studied:-In the first part a Vicsek-style model has been studied, that is we particles are modeled by a couple (position,velocity) which evolution is dictated by simple rules of alignment and self-propulsion at constant speed. Here the alignment is nematic particles align along their long axis and alignment is not polar, contrarily to a polar alignment particles don't discriminate between head and tail . Compared to previous models of this type, the first novelty is the introduction of a pseudo-repulsion (in the Vicsek-spirit, modelized by a torque-like term) providing spatial extension to these particles. The second addition is a flipping rate which renders the persistence time of the direction of self-propulsion. In this part we describe several phase diagrams of this new model which show new phases not previously classified: arches but also "smectic" bands, some propreties of these structures have been measured. Hydrodynamic equations from the "Boltzmann-Ginzburg-Landau" method have been also developped, comparisons are performed: the hydrodynamic model recovers most phases and some of their propreties.-In the second part we study Neisseria Meningitidis, a bacteria which particularity is to generate pili: filamentous structures several micrometers long. By depolymerizing these structures at constant speed (~1µm/s), it is able to generate gigantic forces for the living word (~ 100pN). This bacteria has a tendancy to form spherical aggregates, showing all propreties of a liquid, in order to colonize the host organism. Viscosity and surface tension measure of these aggregates have shown the crucial role of the pili number. Using these data we've built a microscopic model which particularity is the presence of a stochastically attractive potential, that is to say that particles are transiting between an attractive state and a diffusive one. This part relates the model evolution in time. We've ben able to reproduce some aggregate propreties, in particular we've highlighted a variation of the diffusion between aggregate center and edges which fits experimental data
Celino, Massimo. „Atomic scale modelling of disordered systems : the Si and SiSe2 case“. Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002STR13192.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAt room temperature, materials can exists not only in the liquid or in the crystalline phase but also in the amorphous phase. The amorphous materials are characterized by physical and chemical properties that are of great interest from both fundamental and industrial point of view. In this framework several theoretical approaches have been developed but none of them is able to link the intrinsic disordered atomic structure with the macroscopic properties. Among the others the Molecular Dynamics approach is able to tackle this problem. In this thesis the Molecular Dynamics approach has been used to study the structural properties of two amorphous materials: silicon and silicon diselenide (SiSe2). Amorphous silicon has been studied from room temperature till the melting and above. We have developed an approach that combines the Reverse MonteCarlo method and the Molecular Dynamics technique based on the Tight-Binding theory. In the second part of the thesis we have studied the liquid and the amorphous SiSe2. SiSe2 is representative of a class of amorphous binary, semiconducting chalcogenides of technological interest. It belongs to a class of binary systems AX2 (A=Si, Ge, X=Se, O, S) whose structure is characterized by an intermediate range order. This feature is characterized by the presence of a first sharp diffraction peak (FSDP) in the total neutron structure factor. The atomic structure is characterized by the presence of tetrahedral structures centred on silicon atoms. However it is not possible to exclude the presence of a percentage of defects. Classical Molecular Dynamics is not enough accurate to describe the detailed balance between ionic and covalent bonding. For this reason we have resorted to first-principle calculation for the study of the structural features that at the atomistic level determine the presence of intermediate range order
Fajraoui, Noura. „Analyse de sensibilité globale et polynômes de chaos pour l'estimation des paramètres : application aux transferts en milieu poreux“. Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01019528.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRoche, Benoît. „Transport électronique à travers deux dopants, en régime statique et dynamique dans des transistors silicium“. Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00947330.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBouachir, Mohamed. „Etude par diffusion de la lumière Rayleigh et Raman de la structure et de la dynamique moléculaire du sulfure d'hydrogène à l'état liquide“. Bordeaux 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985BOR10556.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSousa, Meneses Domingos De. „Désordre et dynamique dans le système de cristaux mixtes [Rbx(NH₄)1-X]₂SO₄“. Orléans, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ORLE2030.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTouzis, Emeline. „Contribution à la formulation de produits solides : dispositif expérimental de suivi de la porosité, tortuosité et perméabilité au cours de la libération d'un soluté“. Saint-Etienne, EMSE, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EMSE0032.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis study describes a non destructive experimental method based on following a gas displacement to give the simultaneous measurement of granular and transport properties in a loose random packing subject to dissolution of one component. Measurements are made on packing of monosized spheres for different sizes of particles and of monosized nonspherical particles in order to understand the influence of particles size and shape on porosity, tortuosity and permeability. These experiments are followed by similar measurements during a leaching process of a glass bead packing, which have been previously coated with a polymer in a fluidised bed apparatus. Thus, the gas displacement experiment allows characterising the granular packing and the use of a liquid allows the alteration of the media. The alternation of gas and liquid flows through the granular packing give an information on how the structure properties are modified during the leaching process
Aguilar, Corona Alicia. „Agitation des particules dans un lit fluidisé liquide : étude expérimentale“. Toulouse, INPT, 2008. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00001206/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBesides its interest as an industrial application in various processes, liquid fluidization builds up an interesting test case regarding the validation of two-phase flow modelling. The lack of reliable and detailed experimental data about particle agitation in this type of flow is one important motivation to this study. In this work, the random motion of mono-dispersed particles in a liquid fluidized bed has been measured and processed from video recordings, using a refractive index matching method. 3-D trajectories of coloured particles have been collected in a wide range of solid fraction, and statistical quantities have been derived in the range of high particle Reynolds number (O(10)
Elmi, Robleh Hassan. „Modélisation numérique des écoulements pulmonaires“. Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00766647.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCruz, Carolina Abs Da. „Prédiction de la conductance thermique d'interface silicium métal : utilisation de la dynamique moléculaire“. Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00716440.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCao, Chonglong. „Modélisation de la dynamique de spin d'un atome magnétique individuel dans une boîte quantique“. Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00680070.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleJouvie, Camille. „Estimation de la fonction d'entrée en tomographie par émission de positons dynamique : application au fluorodesoxyglucose“. Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00966453.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKwasniewski, Pawel. „Etude en rayons X cohérents de la dynamique de suspensions concentrées de sphères dures“. Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00771674.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAyed, Hamdi. „Analyse expérimentale et modélisation du transfert de matière et du mélange dans une couche cisaillée à bulles“. Toulouse, INPT, 2007. https://hal.science/tel-04595430.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this work we develop a Eulerian two-fluids model for hydrodynamics and mass transfer in turbulent bubbly flows. We study oxygen-water mixing layers for void fractions 2
Khalil, Khaled. „Rhéologie et mouillage de solutions diluées à concentrées de polyisobutylène de haut poids moléculaire“. Tours, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOUR4016.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBusch, Xavier. „Effets dispersifs et dissipatifs en théorie quantique des champs en espace-temps courbe pour modéliser des systèmes de matière condensée“. Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA112205/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe two main predictions of quantum field theory in curved space-time, namely Hawking radiation and cosmological pair production, have not been directly tested and involve ultra high energy configurations. As a consequence, they should be considered with caution. Using the analogy with condensed matter systems put forward by Unruh, their analogue versions could be tested in the lab. Moreover, the high energy behavior of these systems is known and involved dispersion and dissipation, which regulate the theory at short distances. When considering experiments which aim to test the above predictions, the thermal noise will contaminate the outcome. Indeed, there will be a competition between the stimulated emission from thermal noise and the spontaneous emission out of vacuum. In order to measure the quantum analogue Hawking radiation, or the analogue pair production also called dynamical Casimir effect, one should thus compute the consequences of ultraviolet dispersion and dissipation, and identify observables able to establish that the spontaneous emission took place. In this thesis, we first analyze the effects of dispersion and dissipation on both Hawking radiation and pair particle production. To get explicit results, we work in the context of de Sitter space. Using the extended symmetries of the theory in such a background, exact results are obtained. These are then transposed to the context of black holes using the correspondence between de Sitter space and the black hole near horizon region. To introduce dissipation, we consider an exactly solvable model producing any decay rate. In such a model, the field is linearly coupled to an environment containing a dense set of degrees of freedom. We also study the quantum entanglement of the particles so produced. In a second part, we consider explicit condensed matter systems, namely Bose Einstein condensates and exciton-polariton systems. We analyze the effects of dissipation on entanglement produced by the dynamical Casimir effect. As a final step, we study the entanglement of Hawking radiation in the presence of dispersion for a generic analogue system
Brandstetter-Kunc, Adam. „Decay of plasmonic excitations in one dimensional assemblies of metallic nanoparticules“. Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAE042/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWe studied the electron dynamics in metallic nanoparticle arrays. We first considered the simplestarray i.e. a nanoparticle dimer. We found the eigenfrequencies of the heterogeneous dimer andthen we applied the open quantum system approach to describe the decay processes present inthe system. We investigated two decay processes which depend on the size of the nanoparticlesbuilding up the dimer : the Landau damping, inversly proportional to the system-size, and radiationdamping, proportional to the volume of the system. Using the results of the dimer study weextended our open quantum system approach to study one-dimensional nanoparticle chains. Wederived a master equation and used it to investigate the propagation of plasmons along the chain.We found that the propagation of the plasmon is limited by the non-radiative sources of damping.Finally we derived an analytical expression for the propagation length of a plasmon in ananoparticle chain
Leroy, Frédéric. „Dynamique hors-équilibre : Quelques exemples en physique des surfaces“. Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Aix-Marseille Université, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00958344.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBianchini, Laurence. „Dynamique hyperfréquence d'aimantation induite par transfert de spin“. Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00846804.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOzenne, Valery. „Etude de la dynamique conformationnelle des protéines intrinsèquement désordonnées par résonance magnétique nucléaire“. Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00870515.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSanchez, Célia. „Hydrodynamique et transfert de matière gaz-liquide dans un nouveau contacteur à haute énergie : application à la désodorisation de l'air en assainissement“. Rennes 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006REN1S159.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAbbas, Micheline. „Auto-diffusion de particules dans un écoulement cisaillé : des interactions hydrodynamiques aux effets collisionnels“. Toulouse, INPT, 2008. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000622/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLagrangian simulations are used to study the rheophysics of sheared suspensions of spherical particles. The effects of the fluid inertia, the Brownian diffusion and the gravity are neglected. Depending on the particle inertia characterized by the Stokes number, the suspensions are divided into two major classes. The limit of vanishingly small Stokes numbers corresponds to solid particles suspended in a very viscous fluid. The "Force Coupling Method" is used to model the direct hydrodynamic interactions controlling the dynamics of these monodisperse suspensions. This method is based on a finite multipole expansion of the velocity field perturbation induced by each particle. The motion of all the suspension particles is simultaneously coupled through the direct solution of the Stokes equations written for the carrying fluid flow. The macroscopic evolution is studied while the solid volume fraction is increased from low to moderately concentrated [φ=1-20%]. The results (velocity fluctuation, self-diffusion, velocity auto-correlation and spatial distribution of pairs. . . ) are in agreement with several former studies of the literature. We showed that the particle agitation is enhanced by increasing the concentration and leads to a diffusive behavior of the suspension. The agitation level and the characteristic diffusion time are increasing as many-body hydrodynamic interactions control the suspension dynamics. The accuracy of the method is improved by calculating the exact lubrication forces for particle pairs near contact. Hence, this allows to simulate larger suspension concentrations (up to 35%), and to quantify the effective viscosity in this regime. The model is extended to the bidisperse suspension configurations. The dependence of the statistical quantities (of both species) on the size ratio and concentration ratio is discussed for a fixed total volume fraction. For a constant concentration ratio, we obtained that an increase of the size ratio enhances (resp. Reduces) the fluctuation level of the small (resp. Large) particles. The increase large particle number induces a significant enhancement of the fluctuations and self-diffusion of both species. The suspensions characterized by moderate to high Stokes numbers are generally of gas-solid type. A hard-sphere collision model coupled with the particle Lagrangian tracking is used to simulate the suspension dynamics. The particle motion is controlled by only the drag force and particle collisions. The simulations show that the suspension properties depend strongly on the particle inertia and concentration. Increasing the Stokes number from 1 to 10 induces an enhancement of the suspension agitation by three orders of magnitude, and an evolution of the velocity distribution function from a highly peaked (close to the Dirac delta function) to a Maxwellian shape. The numerical results are compared to the predictions of two theoretical models based on the kinetic theory of granular flows adapted to moderate inertia regimes. The velocity distribution used for weakly (resp. Highly) agitated suspensions is the Dirac delta (resp. Deviated Maxwellian) function. A new prediction of the Lagrangian self-diffusion tensor is proposed and validated by the simulations results. The diffusion coefficients and solid phase viscosity are compared to the classical models used in engineering applications. The inelasticity effect on the statistical quantities is discussed as well. The conclusion of the manuscript proposes a unified approach of all the results related to the evolution of the effective viscosity in the bulk. A modification of the Force Coupling Method is proposed to properly simulate the particle inertia and hydrodynamic effects
Kaufmann, André. „Vers la simulation des grandes échelles en formulation Euler-Euler des écoulements réactifs diphasiques“. Toulouse, INPT, 2004. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000131/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGallat, Francois-xavier. „Dynamique des protéines et de la couche d'hydratation étudiée par diffusion de neutrons et méthodes biophysiques complémentaires“. Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00758647.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBergeard, Nicolas. „Matériaux magnétiques pour l'étude de la dynamique de l'aimantation“. Phd thesis, Paris 11, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA112271.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRare earth transition metal alloys display unusual magnetic properties, which make them interesting systems to study ultrafast magnetization dynamic and to test mechanisms underlying spin torque. Diversity of magnetic properties observed in such alloys is bound to the lack of fine knowledge about their structural properties. I developed an ultra high vacuum chamber for deposition of thin alloys layers. Using absorption (EXAFS) and photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), I put in evidence the amorphous structure of the alloys and the presence of a monolayer of Gd segregated at the surface. Using magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE) and magnetic dichroism (XMCD), I showed the uniaxial in-plane anisotropy of the films, exhibiting a compensation wall at the ad-hoc composition. I investigated the thermal evolution of the magnetization of the Co and Gd sub lattices, accounted by simulations performed from a mean field model. Ultrathin Pt/Co(5Å)/Pt films display an easy axis for magnetization anisotropy perpendicular to layer surface. When this anisotropy and the dipolar one, which drives the magnetization towards the plane, are of the same order of magnitude, a transition from perpendicular to planar anisotropy, so called spin reorientation transition (SRT), occurs. During my PhD, I studied the mechanism underlying such reorientation of magnetization and the slow fluctuations regime associated, whereas the anisotropy is finely tuned by ion irradiation
Volpe, Raffaele. „Analyse expérimentale et numérique du comportement de véhicules terrestres en présence d'un vent latéral instationnaire“. Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00907635.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMöller, Gunnar. „Espaces dynamiques réduits en physique de la matière condensée :Systèmes à effet Hall bicouches, réduction dimensionnelle et systèmes de spins magnétiques“. Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00121765.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOn introduit une classe générale d'états appariés de fermions composites. Ces fonctions d'onde sont exploitées pour analyser l'état fondamental des systèmes bicouches à effet Hall au facteur de remplissage total un. A partir d'une étude de Monte Carlo variationnel nous concluons que la transition de phase compressible à incompressible observée dans ce système est du deuxième ordre. Nous étudions également la question de l'existence d'un état apparié à demi-remplissage dans les simples couches. Ensuite nous considérons des schémas de réduction dimensionnelle de systèmes bidimensionnels sur la sphère vers des systèmes unidimensionnels sur le cercle. Un tel mapping est établi pour des systèmes libres et un candidat pour un système d'anyons généralisé est proposé. Finalement, nous analysons les systèmes de spins magnétiques sur réseaux bidimensionnels et discutons si un état de glace de spins peut exister en présence d'interactions dipolaires à longue portée.