Dissertationen zum Thema „Matice experimentů“
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Kadlec, Tomáš. „Porovnání koncepcí zásobování materiálem s využitím počítačové simulace“. Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-442810.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePalorini, F. „Etudes sur la matrice de mélange leptonique et sur la matière noire“. Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00413522.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRoos, Lydia. „Aspects de la violation de la symétrie CP dans BABAR. Contraintes sur la matrice CKM“. Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00552217.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThomas, Andrew G. „On the plasticity of human mating strategies : experimental evidence for mating strategy change in response to evolutionarily relevant stimuli“. Thesis, Swansea University, 2015. https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa41184.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDi, Stefano Philippe. „A la recherche de la matière perdue“. Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00347477.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTomlinson, Ian Philip Mark. „Theoretical and experimental studies of the evolution of mate choice“. Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.303163.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBain, Nicolas. „Hydrodynamics of polarized crowds : experiments and theory“. Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSEN078/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleModelling crowd motion is central to situations as diverse as risk prevention in mass events and visual effects rendering in the motion picture industry. The difficulty to perform quantitative measurements in model experiments, and the lack of reference experimental system, have however strongly limited our ability to model and control pedestrian flows. The aim of this thesis is to strengthen our understanding of human crowds, following two distinct approaches.First, we designed a numerical model to study the lane formation process among bidirectional flows of motile particles. We first evidenced the existence of two distinct phases: one fully laned and one homogeneously mixed, separated by a critical phase transition, unique to active systems. We then showed with a hydrodynamic approach that the mixed phase is algebraically correlated in the direction of the flow. We elucidated the origin of these strong correlations and proved that they were a universal feature of any system of oppositely moving particles, active of passive.Second, we conducted a substantial experimental campaign to establish a model experiment of human crowds. For that purpose we performed systematic measurements on crowds composed of tens of thousands of road-race participants in start corrals, a geometrically simple setup. We established that speed information propagates through polarized crowds over system spanning scales, while orientational information is lost in a few seconds. Building on these observations, we laid out a hydrodynamic theory of polarized crowds and demonstrated its predictive power
Eckerle, Kevin P. Thompson Charles F. „An experimental analysis of the mating preferences of female house wrens (Troglodytes aedon)“. Normal, Ill. Illinois State University, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ilstu/fullcit?p3064491.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTitle from title page screen, viewed March 28, 2006. Dissertation Committee: Charles F. Thompson (chair), Steven A. Juliano, Sabine S. Loew, Angelo P. Capparella, William L. Perry. Includes bibliographical references and abstract. Also available in print.
Ocariz, Jose. „Des Kaons aux mésons B : Contraindre le Modèle Standard par la physique des saveurs“. Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00386983.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLe chapitre suivant évoque la violation de CP dans le secteur des kaons : sont traitées les contraintes sur la matrice CKM provenant des mesures de εK, ε′/ε, ainsi que l'´état des lieux et les perspectives sur la recherche des modes rares K+→π+νν et
KL→π0νν ; ce chapitre conclut par une étude prospective pour estimer le potentiel de
physique des kaons dans le cadre du modèle CKM.
Suivent deux chapitres décrivant des analyses de physique dans l'expérience BaBar : est d'abord présentée en détail l'analyse en amplitudes du mode B0 → K+π−π0 ; suit un état des lieux plus succint sur l'analyse en amplitudes dépendantes du temps du mode
B0 → K0π+π−, qui a déj`a fourni des résultats préliminaires à l'été 2007. La discussion est ensuite complétée par une description qualitative sur un projet d'étude combinée des contraintes sur la matrice CKM provenant des modes B → Kππ.
Pérez, Pérez Luis Alejandro. „Time-Dependent Amplitude Analysis of B^0->Kspi+pi- decays with the BaBar Experiment and constraints on the CKM matrix using the B->K*pi and B->rho K modes“. Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00379188.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNinarello, Andrea Saverio. „Computer simulations of supercooled liquids near the experimental glass transition“. Thesis, Montpellier, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MONTS071/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleUnderstanding the mechanisms that lead to glass formation is one of the open problems for the condensed matter research. Numerous questions remain unanswered, because the tremendous increase of relaxation times during the cooling process prevents the exploration of equilibrium properties of supercooled liquids at very low temperature. Computer simulations of glass-forming liquids are nowadays able to reach equilibrium at temperatures comparable to the Mode-Coupling crossover temperature, which is well above the experimental glass transition temperature. As a consequence, simulations lag eight orders of magnitude behind experiments in terms of equilibration times. Progress to close this gap has been slow, and stems mostly from hardware improvements.In this thesis we make an important step to close this gap. We combine the use of a Monte Carlo algorithm, known as the swap algorithm, with the design of novel glass-forming models. We systematically test numerous models using both discrete mixtures and polydisperse systems. We discuss the role that polydispersity and particle softness play in avoiding crystallization and in efficiently reaching previously unexplored regimes. We study the dynamical processes taking place during swap Monte Carlo simulations. We demonstrate that in some cases our technique is able to produce thermalized configurations at temperatures inaccessible even by experiments.In this newly accessible regime, we investigate some open questions concerning the glass transition. We show that a hard sphere fluid can be equilibrated at, and even beyond, the jamming packing fraction. We measure the configurational entropy in extremely supercooled liquid, finding a strong dimensional dependence that supports, on the one hand, the existence of an ideal glass transition at a finite temperature in three dimensions and, on the other hand, its absence in two dimensions. We detect the increase of amorphous order quantified through a static point-to-set length throughout the glass formation. We measure the critical exponents introduced in the mean-field theory of glasses much closer to the supposed ideal glass transition. Finally, we reveal the absence of a sharp geometric transition in the potential energy landscape across the Mode-Coupling crossover.The models and the algorithms developed in this thesis shift the computational studies of glass-forming liquids to an entirely new territory, which should help to close the gap between theory and experiments, and get us closer to solve the long-standing problem of the glass transition
Zhang, Yonglin. „Combinatorial design via association scheme“. HKBU Institutional Repository, 2004. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/522.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleVeneziani, Marcella. „Measurements of the Cosmic Microwave Background and Foregrounds with the Planck and BOORERanG experiments“. Paris 7, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA077144.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe Cosmic Micro wave Background (CMB) is one of the main observables in cosmology. Many experiments are aimed at studying its temperature and polarization fluctuations. Several components. Called foregrounds, pollute the CMB signal. Using measurements at multiple frequencies, the foregrounds can be studied and removed from the CMB. In the first part of my thesis I collaborated in the characterization and calibration of the focal plane of the High Frequency Instrument of PLANCK in order to measure the orientation and polarization efficiency of the detectors. Understanding these quantities is very important for the analysis of future PLANCK data, especially for the polarization analysis. In the second part of my thesis I worked on BOOMERanG 2003 (B03) data focusing on the science of foregrounds. At B03 frequencies, the brightest signal besides the CMB is the emission of thermal dust from our own Galaxy. Combining B03 data with other experiments I measured the temperature and spectral index of emissivity of several dust structures. I found two different temperature components, and an inverse correlation between dust temperature and spectral index. The B03 frequencies range is also well suited to study the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect. The SZ is the inverse Compton scattering of CMB photons by hot electrons in galaxy clusters. I separated the SZ component from the others present in this region and frequency range, produced a multi-frequency power spectrum, and used it to constrain the our understanding of matter fluctuations in the Universe
Scorza, Silvia. „EDELWEISS-II, direct Dark Matter search experiment : first data analysis and results“. Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00561621.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRova, Emma. „The role of Assortative Mating in the Initial Stages of Sympatric and Parapatric Speciation“. Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Zooekologi, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-130764.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePruvot, Stéphane. „Mesure de l'angle gamma de la matrice CKM à l'aide des désintégrations B- en D0K*- en utilisant le détecteur BABAR à SLAC“. Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00185121.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMorrissey, Patrick John. „Experimental study of parameters influencing diffusion of small molecules in polymer matrices“. Thesis, Brunel University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.294506.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePoncet, Mélissa. „Effet de l'incorporation de systèmes hybrides sur les propriétés mécaniques de matériaux composites à matrice époxyvinylester et polyester insaturé“. Thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ENMP0025/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis focuses on the development of a thermosetting matrix composite incorporating nanoscale reinforcements and/or an elatomeric phase to improve its stiffness, damping and resilience.To do so, we made formulations based on epoxy vinyl ester matrices, filled or not by an elastomeric phase, and reinforced with montmorillonite or sepiolite. Their viscoelastic properties were studied usingexperimental modal analysis and their impact properties were investigated using drop weight impacttesting. The microstructure of these composites was examined using X-ray diffraction and electronmicroscopy observations.Homogenization models based on H ALPIN -T SAI model and adapted to the studied composites were developed to provide a tool able to explicitly link the stiffness of the material to its morphology.A detailed parametric analysis allowed to determine the most influential morphological characteristics and to assess the efficiency of the process regarding the mechanical stiffening obtained.Experimentally, the incorporation of montmorillonite or sepiolite led to a significant increase in the elastic modulus and, with the presence of an elastomeric phase in the resin, the damping was doubled and the resilience was increased.Finally, the most efficient formulations were used to manufacture glass fibers reinforced composites.The improvement in mechanical properties was found, to a lesser extent, for the manufactured prototypes.The relevance of the use of these materials on an industrial scale was evaluated
Chantelauze, Astrid. „Investigation of the muon-induced background of the EDELWEISS-II experiment“. Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CLF21975.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNavrer-Agasson, Anyssa. „Direct dark matter search with the DarkSide Experiment“. Thesis, Université de Paris (2019-....), 2019. https://theses.md.univ-paris-diderot.fr/NAVRER-AGASSON_Anyssa_va2.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe existence of dark matter is known because of its gravitational effects, and although its nature remains undisclosed, one of the leading candidate is the weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) with mass of the order of 100 GeV/c2 and coupling with ordinary matter at or below the weak scale. In this context, DarkSide-50 aims to direct observe WIMP-nucleon collisions in a liquid argon dual phase time-projection chamber located deep underground at Gran Sasso National Laboratory, in Italy. This work first details the argon calibration realised by the ARIS experiment. ARIS characterised the argon response to low energy nuclear and electronic recoils, down to unprecedented energies. The nuclear quenching was measured with the best precision to this date, and the recombination probability extracted was compared to different models describing the behaviour of argon in presence of an electric field. A search for low mass WIMPs performed with DarkSide-50 data is also presented. This search focuses on the ionisation signal from the TPC, leading much to much lower detection threshold. The achieved exclusion limits are amongst the leading ones, and the most stringent for a liquid argon target. Finally a preliminary search for axions is presented. Axions are an alternative candidate to dark matter, proposed as a solution to the strong CP problem. They are detectable in DarkSide via their coupling to electrons. This search required the improvement of the modelling of the background sources, by taking into account atomic effects in beta emission spectra, as well as a redefinition of the energy scale converting the energy deposited into a number of extracted electrons. The results presented show an encouraging sensitivity to both solar and galactic axions
Dziri, Samir. „Etudes expérimentales et simulations Monte Carlo en spectrométrie gamma: Correction des effets de cascade et de matrice pour des mesures environnementales“. Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00995929.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHYLOK, JEFFERY EDWARD. „EXPERIMENTAL IDENTIFICATION OF DISTRIBUTED DAMPING MATRICES USING THE DYNAMIC STIFFNESS MATRIX“. University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1029527404.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRaud, Christophe. „Fissuration des composites carbone à matrice thermostable en traction isotherme et cyclage thermique“. Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993DENS0013.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRitu, Ritu. „Experimental investigations of mass transfer kinetics in liquid/liquid and liquid/gas systems“. Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0315.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis doctoral thesis presents experimental results on mass transfer in systems involving liquid/liquid and liquid/gas interfaces and focuses on their kinetics when varying composition and thermodynamics conditions. The study first concentrates on liquid/liquid systems where the properties of water-oil interfaces are modified with surfactants. Experimental setup consists in pendant aqueous drops immersed in a mixture of paraffin oil (PO) and Span 80. As time runs, the water/PO interface turns opaque due to the formation of microstructures as a result of spontaneous emulsification. At low concentrations, time evolution is slow, and micrometer sized droplets are formed whereas for high concentrations, it is fast and bush-like microstructures are observed. It is evidenced that the rate of spontaneous emulsification increases at high temperatures and in the presence of water-soluble surfactants. Properties of liquid/liquid interfaces are further investigated with FTIR imaging spectroscopy. Water transport into the CCl4 phase is evidenced and its kinetics investigated at room temperature for several Span 80 concentrations. FTIR imaging allows access to spatial distribution of water and thus, evolution of concentration profiles was measured. Mass flows across liquid/gas interfaces are finally investigated with FTIR imaging spectroscopy. Evaporation kinetics of liquids used in the “Evaporation Patterns” MAP project of the European Space Agency is finally studied. The vapor concentration profiles are measured for hydrofluoroether (HFE) and mixture of HFE and ethanol in standard conditions. The flow profiles as well as average evaporation rates are measured
Chaulagain, Uddhab Prasad. „Radiative shocks : experiments, modelling and links to astrophysics“. Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066734.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRadiative shocks are strong shocks which are characterized by a plasma at high temperatures emitting an important fraction of its energy as radiation. Radiative shocks are found in many astrophysical systems, including stellar accretion shocks, supernovae remnants, jet driven shocks, etc. Recently, radiative shocks have also been produced experimentally using high energy lasers. Thus opening the way to laboratory astrophysics studies of these universal phenomena.In this thesis we discuss the results of an experiment performed on the Prague Asterix Laser System facility. Shocks are generated by focusing the PALS Infrared laser beam on millimetre-scale targets filled with xenon gas at low pressure. The shock that is generated then propagates in the gas with a sufficiently high velocity such that the shock is in a radiative flux dominated regime. We used different diagnostics to characterize these shocks. The two main ones include a radiography of the whole shock structure using sub-nanosecond Zn X-ray laser at 21.2 nm, which is able to penetrate the dense post-shock layer, and a space-and-time resolved plasma self-emission using high speed diodes.The experimental results show, for the first time, an unambiguous shock structure which includes both the post-shock and the precursor, and we also obtained multiple shock velocity measurements from the different diagnostics. The experimental results are compared to simulations, and show good agreement with the numerical results
Furlan, Marlise. „Matida : tempo e espaço de atenção no olhar-experiência de uma professora“. reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/34769.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGetting to know and first reading Notes on experience and the knowledge of experience (BONDÍA, 2002) generated movements that unleashed the production of this dissertation, which focuses on my perception of such an experience, as a public elementary school teacher in Caxias do Sul, RS. One of these movements consisted in organizing a study group named Matida, which was constituted by some of the school‟s 5th and 6th grade students, in which I exposed myself, allowing me time and space to thoroughly see what I was going through during the development of the group activities. The theoretical perspective of this dissertation is made of a composition of the notions of experience and experiment (BONDÍA, 2002), the latter directed to the resolution and formulation of mathematical problems in preparation for the Brazilian Math Olympiads for Public Schools. In the text I describe the environment, organization and meetings at Matida, giving some flashes of the meetings. I also describe the production of empirical material, and report and analyze certain actions, such as the collective formulation of a mathematical problem, some problem-solving activities, the description of the proceedings employed to obtain solutions for the problems proposed, and the students‟ evaluation regarding their group. Matida became an intermediate place in the school environment, in which I allowed myself to leave the “touristic” route of pedagogical design and get into paths that cross it, subjecting myself to the experience. Here I share a perception of this experience and the transformation it generated on me.
Latour, E. „Mesure de l'angle gamma du triangle d'unitarité de la matrice CKM dans les désintégrations B-> D*K auprès de l'expérience BaBar“. Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00201496.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKyogoku, Daisuke. „Mechanisms of reproductive interference in seed beetles: experimental tests of alternative hypotheses“. 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/199135.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSlavíček, Tomáš. „Software pro výběr pacientů a oblastí mozku vhodných k analýze konektivity z fMRI dat“. Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-219502.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSala, Leonardo. „Search for beyond the standard model physics at the CMS experiment : supersymmetry and extra dimensions“. Paris 7, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA077143.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe Standard Model of Particle Physics is a well established physical theory whose parameters have been measured with precision by many experiments. Nevertheless, some of its features seem to be demanding for a more comprehensive theory: among them, the Hierarchy Problem between the Electroweak and the Planck scales and the radiative stability of the Higgs boson mass. Furthermore, according to the recent cosmological precision measurements the Universe is made by yet unknown components without a counterpart in the Standard Model, called Dark Energy and Dark Matter. The 14 TeV centre-of-mass energy proton-proton Large Hadron Collider (LHC) built at Cern which with its 14 TeV of energy in the center of mass represents a powerful tool the investigation of theories Beyond the Standard Model. The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) is one of the two multi- purpose experiment located at the LHC designed also for the search of signature of new physics. In this thesis the possibility to observe signals produced by two models proposed to solve some of the problems of the Standard Model has been studied: the Minimal Supersymmetric Model (MSSM) and the ADD model. Supersymmetry, in its minimal formulation called MSSM, predicts a Supersymmetric partner with opposite statistics for each SM particle. Besides providing a mechanism to radiatively stabilize the Higgs mass, if a new symmetry called R-parity is conserved, it predicts also a massive stable neutral particle which interacts very weakly: this particle, called Lightest SuperSymmetric Particle (LSP), is a good Dark Matter candidate. In many scenarios described by the MSSM, the LSP is the neutralino, defmed as a linear combination of the Supersymmetric partner of the neutral gauge bosons W, B and the Supersymmetric CP-even Higgs bosons. The knowledge of neutralino's properties (mass and composition) is fundamental to estimate its relic density in the Universe: in this framework the hadron colliders can give important information. In this work the direct production of the first two lightest neutralinos at the LHC has been considered in the scenario described by the Not Universal Higgs Masses model (one of the possibile realizations of the MSSM). Cross sections and branching ratios dependence on the lightest neutralino composition has been verified from the known Feynman rules for Supersymmetry and simulations. A procedure to measure this dependence at CMS has been investigated. The separation of signal events from the SM background in the chosen channels has proven to be difficult mainly due to the kinematic of the events. In the ADD model, developed by Arkani-Hamed, Dvali and Dimopoulos, the existence of extradimensions compactified on a macroscopic scale (order of the micrometer) called M_D is proposed. This model solves the Hierarchy problem with a geometrical relationship between the Electroweak and the Planck scales mediated by the delta compactified extradimensions. Only thé gravitons, spin-2 particles that mediate the gravitational force, can propagate in the extradimensions, while the ordinary matter is confined on a four dimensional space. The ADD model predicts several distinctive physical channels that can measured by the CMS experiment in order to validate or falsify it. Amongst them there are the emission of a single photon, or an hadronic jet plus a graviton, which would be recorded as missing energy in the calorimeter. The discovery potential of the latter at CMS has been the subject of this work. Data-driven methods have been proposed for extrapolating the main SM backgrounds, consisting in the emission of a W, Z boson plus jets, production of top pairs and QCD events. Systematic effects due to the detecter (e. G. The jet energy scale) and to theoretical uncertainties in thé computation of the ADD cross sections have been studied and quantified. The simulations performed with a detailed detector simulation show that it is possible to exclude ADD models with M_D < 4. 2, 3. 7, 3. 2 TeV for delta=2, 3, 4 respectively already with 100 pb-1 of integrated luminosity. With the same statistics the 5sigma discovery of ADD models with M_D < 3. 1, 2. 5 and 2. 2 TeV for delta=2, 3 and 4 respectively has been shown. These values are a significant improvement with respect to the current limits set by the Tevatron collider at FermiLab and by the LEP colliderat CERN, which are M D < 1. 6 (1. 0) TeV for delta=2 (delta=4)
Zhu, Feng. „Experimental and numerical study of metal foam composites in innovative application of thermal energy storage“. Thesis, Troyes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TROY0009/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe objective of this Ph.D. thesis is to study the thermal behavior of the aluminum foam and phase change material (PCM) composite by both experimental and numerical methods in order to know the phenomena of storage of thermal energy in these materials. The manufacturing process of open-cell aluminum foam is firstly analyzed numerically to reduce the manufacturing defects in the samples. The heat transfer characteristics of PCM embedded in aluminum foams with different porosities are then investigated by analyzing the melting processes and the temperature variations in the composites. Two numerical models for low and high porosity aluminum foam are established to evaluate the energy storage performance of the composites. The results show that the aluminum foam can greatly improve the heat transfer performance in PCM due to its high thermal conductivity. The energy storage performance depends strongly on the porosity of the aluminum foam/PCM composite. An optimized porosity highlights this performance and improves the thermal behavior. The last part of this thesis proposes an improved structure of aluminum foam with respect to the uniform structure: Association of the metal fin and the foam with graded porosity. This new structure possesses a better energy storage performance especially in the case of the isothermal heat source
Coscas, Raphaël. „Remodelage vasculaire dans les modèles expérimentaux d'anévrysme de l'aorte abdominale“. Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLV025/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePathophysiology of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) is complex. It mainly involves hemodynamics, matrix proteolysis, oxidative stress and an immune reaction. Several experimental models have been described to explore mechanisms involved in this disease. In the present work, we explore the role of experimental models in AAA vascular remodeling. First, a literature review regarding experimental models of AAA is performed. Second, we explore the origin and the role of calcifications observed in experimental models. Third, the decellularized xenograft model is used to study the role of adaptive immunity in triggering rupture. Our review identifies main AAA models. Their major limit is aortic healing, preventing evolution toward rupture. We find that AAA calcifications co-localized with free DNA and that free DNA could induce calcifications experimentally. However, AAA growth is decreased by calcifications. The decellularized xenograft model can evolve toward rupture when pre-sensitization against the extracellular matrix is performed. Structural glycoproteins and proteoglycans seems to be the main matrix component involved in these ruptures. Experimental AAA models are major tools to study mechanisms involved in vascular remodeling
Randrianjanahary, Liantsoa Finaritra. „Cosmology with HI intensity mapping: effect of higher order corrections“. University of the Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7248.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOne of the main challenges of cosmology is to unveil the nature of dark energy and dark matter. They can be constrained with baryonic acoustic oscillations (BAO) and redshift space distortions, amongst others. Both have characteristic signatures in the dark matter power spectrum. Biased tracers of dark matter, such as neutral hydrogen, are used to quantify the underlying dark matter density field. It is generally assumed that on large scales the bias of the tracer is linear. However, there is a coupling between small and large scales of the biased tracer which gives rise to a significant non-linear contribution on linear scales in the power spectrum of the biased tracer. The Hydrogen Intensity and Real-time eXperiment (HIRAX) will map the brightness temperature of neutral hydrogen (HI) over BAO scales thanks to the intensity mapping technique. We forecasted cosmological parameters for HIRAX taking into account non-linear corrections to the HI power spectrum and compared them to the linear case. We used methods based on Fisher matrices. We found values for the bias to error ratio of the cosmological parameters as high as 1 or 7, depending on the noise level. We also investigated the change in peaks location on the baryonic acoustic oscillations signal. The value of the shift goes up to Δk = 10-2h/Mpc with a reduction of amplitude of the BAO features from 16:33% to 0:33%, depending on the scales.
Queguiner, Emeline. „Analysis of the data of the EDELWEISS-LT experiment searching for low-mass WIMP“. Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE1196/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMany astrophysical and cosmological observations lead to postulate the existence of an unknown matter, called dark matter. Ordinary matter can explain only 5 % of the energy content of the Universe : the main components would be the dark energy (70 %) and dark matter (25 %). This latter is invisible and manifest itself only via its gravitational effects. Several particles, grouped under the generic term of WIMP (Weakly Interacting Massive Particles), could correspond to this theory and are actively searched. Many experiments have been developed for this purpose and are based on three strategies: the production of these particles with colliders, the observation of the particles produced by their annihilation in astrophysical objects or the direct detection of these particles via their interaction with the nucleus of the atoms constituent of a detector. It is on this last method that the EDELWEISS experiment is based. It is a dark matter direct detection experiment dedicated to the search for WIMP with masses between 1 GeV and 1 TeV. Its primary purpose is to detect nuclear recoils induced by elastic scattering of dark matter particles in detectors. Since the expected event rates < 10 /(kg.year) are several orders of magnitude lower than those induced by ambient radioactivity, a double measurement of ionization and heat is used to discriminate electron-induced recoils arising from β and γ interactions from WIMP-induced nuclear recoils. In addition, the experiment was placed underground to guard against cosmic radiation, inducing events in the detectors. These are germanium bolometers, called FID, cooled to cryogenic temperatures (18 mK) and operating at low field (1 V/cm). Since 2015, the new strategy of the experiment consists of focusing on WIMPs with mass below 10 GeV, an interessant research area where experiments using cryogenic detectors can exploit their ability to operate with experimental thresholds well below 1 keV. The operation of the experiment has been improved to achieve this goal. The aim of this thesis is to analyze the data set recorded by EDELWEISS in 2015 and 2016. These used the FID detectors subjected to a greater electric field than previously to improve their sensitivity. It is expected that the limit on the spin-independent WIMP-nucleon crosssection extracted from these data will be greatly impacted by a dominant background, called heat-only events. That is why they are studied in detail in this work. They are characterized by a rise in heat seen by thermal sensors without any ionization signal on the collecting electrodes. This study resulted in to highlight a model for these events that can be used in the WIMP search analyses. Following these results, a maximum likelihood analysis was constructed. This method of analysis makes it possible to statistically subtract the background noise from the experiment by exploiting the difference between the energy spectra of signal and backgrounds. In this way, limits on the spin-independent WIMP-nucleon cross-section are obtained. They will be compared to the results of other experiments
Nenot, Marie-Laure. „DIANE, un code de simulation de l'interaction des neutrons avec la matiere vivante. Applications aux faibles doses de neutrons rapides sur des cellules tumorales humaines“. Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00003719.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMalcles, Julie. „"Etude des désintégrations B+/- -> K+/- pi0 et B+/- -> pi+/- pi0 avec le détecteur BABAR et contraintes des modes B -> pipi, Kpi, KK sur la matrice CKM."“. Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00175074.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePivk, Muriel. „Etude de la violation de CP dans la désintégration B0 -> h+ h- (h = pi, K) auprès du détecteur BaBar à SLAC“. Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00002991.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePattavina, Luca. „Radon-induced surface contaminations in neutrinoless double beta decay and dark matter experiments“. Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00640789.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWlodarski, Rafael. „Processes of pairbonding“. Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:bc2ba4f3-138a-4512-ab4e-087964b7ff88.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKwok, Kevin. „Experimental Studies of the Divergence of Pre- and Postcopulatory Phenotypes in Male Drosophila“. Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/42123.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAgnes, Paolo. „Direct search for dark matter with the DarkSide experiment“. Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC279/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleA wide range of observational evidence suggests that the matter content of the Universe is dominated by a non-baryonic and non-luminous component: dark matter. One of the most favored candidate for dark matter is a big-bang relic population of Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs). The DarkSide program aims to the direct detection of WIMPs with a dual-phase liquid argon TPC and a background free exposure. The first phase of the experiment, DarkSide-50, is running since Oct 2013 and has (46 ± 0.7) kg active mass. A first run, with an atmospheric argon fill (AAr), provided the most sensitive limit ever obtained by an argon-based experiment. The current run, with an underground argon fill (UAr, depleted in Ar-39), represents a milestone towards the construction of DarkSide-20k, a low-background dual-phase TPC with a fiducial mass of 20 t. This work is been mainly devoted to the description of G4DS, the DarkSide Monte Carlo simulation, and to its applications. G4DS is a GEANT4-based simulation, it provides the geometry description of each detector of the DarkSide program, it is tuned to reproduce the DarkSide-50 response at the percent level and incorporates a custom model for ionization and scintillation mechanisms in liquid argon, tuned on real data. The principal applications of the simulation include the estimate of the neutron and gamma backgrounds for DarkSide-50, the measurement of the Ar-39 depletion factor in UAr with respect to AAr and the design studies for DarkSide-20k
Buslig, Leticia. „Méthodes stochastiques de modélisation de données : application à la reconstruction de données non régulières“. Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM4734/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTadlaoui, Samir. „Influence de l'état de la réticulation de la matrice thermodurcissable (soc) sur les propriétés mécaniques des matériaux composites obtenus : expérimentation et modélisation“. Saint-Etienne, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994STET4009.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleScorza, Siliva. „Recherche directe de la matière noire : analyse et interprétation de premières données de l'expérience EDELWEISS-II“. Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00490990.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLe, Calloch Maxime. „Study of the single electron charge signals in the XENON100 direct Dark Matter search experiment“. Nantes, 2014. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=f4984b95-6904-4ff8-bcd6-50f3768ac873.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFrom the observation of the Universe, it has been demonstrated that the mass associated to visible matter represents only few percent of its energetic budget, while the remaining part is composed by dark energy, responsible to the cosmological expansion, and by some hidden matter, the dark matter. The likeliest particles family used to describe this dark matter is called WIMP (Weakly Interacting Massive Particles). That kind of particles could be directly detected by measuring nuclear recoil during an elastic scattering inside a scintillating material. For this, the XENON Collaboration has developed a detector consisting in a time projection chamber (TPC) using xenon dual phase (liquid and gas) detector, and placed underground. The different ionization density of nuclear recoils induced by WIMPs, and electronic recoils induced by β particles or g rays background source, leads to different ratio between both signals, in the liquid and in the gas phase, and is used to discriminate WIMPs from background. A good knowledge of the ionization signal is strongly required for such a detector. In this context, the XENON100 response to single electron charge signals is investigated. They correspond to very tiny signals emitted in the gas phase by one or few electrons extracted in time coincidence. Thanks to this analysis, an innovative method to establish the extraction yield of electrons from the liquid to the gas phase has been drawn, allowing to explore a key information to reject electronic recoils from nuclear ones
Kocarkova, Helena. „Stability of glass foams : experiments at the bubble scale and on vertical film“. Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00664444.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleElie, Marcel. „Effets des conditions temps-température et de la matrice minérale sur l'évolution de matières organiques de type II et III au cours de la pyrolyse en milieu confiné“. Nancy 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NAN10315.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNones, Claudia. „Identification of surface events in massive bolometers for the search for rare events in the CUORE and EDELWEISS experiments“. Paris 11, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA112322.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe present limitation for experiments searching for rare events, such as WIMPs interactions and neutrinoless double beta decay (0vBB), is the radioactive background. In particular, near-surface events are the main problem for very sensitive searches based on the bolometric technique, such as EDELWEISS and CUORE. In this work, two techniques have been studied and developed for the active suppression of the surface background. The first approach, pioneered by the EDELWEISS collaboration, concerns the identification of surface events in Ge bolometers (for Dark Matter search) or TeO2 bolometers (for 0vBB search of 130Te) equipped with NbSi thin film thermometers acting as out-of-equilibrium phonons sensor. The second approach, for the moment applied only to TeO2 bolometers in the framework of the CUORE collaboration, consists in the realization of surface-sensitive composite bolometers in which thin auxiliary detectors act as active shields which reveal and identify surface-generated charge particles. In both cases, even if the physical mechanism is different, pulse shape analysis enables an effective rejection procedure. Finally, a further technique has been analysed which has the potential to recognize alpha particles against gamma or beta interactions. The idea is to realize a scintillating bolometer in which the comparison between the heat and the light signal for the same event allows to reject alpha particles, which emit less light than beta/gamma interactions with the same energy. In particular, the attempt to make TeO2 crystals reasonably good scintillators by proper doping is described and analysed
Machalová, Veronika. „Řezné síly při frézování vláknově vyztužených kompozitů“. Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-227947.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGuez, David. „Modélisation et simulation de paramètres critiques de la première station du spectromètre dimuons d'ALICE“. Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00006047.
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