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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Matériaux semiconducteurs organiques“
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Dissertationen zum Thema "Matériaux semiconducteurs organiques"
Gao, Xue. „Injection de spin dans les semiconducteurs et les matériaux organiques“. Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0059/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSpintronics with semiconductors is very attractive as it can combine the potential of semiconductors with the potential of the magnetic materials. GaN has a long spin relaxation time, which could be of potential interest for spintronics applications. Organic spintronics is also very appealing because of the long spin lifetime of charge carriers in addition to their relatively low cost, flexibility, and chemical diversity. In this thesis, we investigate spin injection in spin LEDs containing either InAs/GaAs quantum dots or InGaN/GaN quantum wells. Moreover, we further study spin polarized transport in organic multiferroic tunnel junctions (OMFTJs). Firstly, we will show that the circular polarization of the light emitted by a LED containing a single layer of p-doped InAs/GaAs quantum dots (QDs) can reach about 18% under zero applied magnetic field. A clear correlation is established between the polarization degree of the emitted light and the perpendicular magnetization of the injector layer. The polarization reaches a maximum for an applied bias of 2.5V at 10K, which corresponds to an injected current of 6 µA. Also, we report a remarkable behavior of the polarization in the temperature region 60-80K. The interpretation of the bias and temperature dependence of the polarization is discussed in light of the competition between radiative recombination time τr and the spin relaxation time τs. In addition, significant efforts have been devoted to developing a perpendicular spin injector on GaN based materials to achieve spin injection without applying a magnetic field. Firstly, the growth of MgO has been investigated at various growth temperatures. Then, we studied the growth of either Fe or Co on MgO/GaN. In contrast to Fe/MgO, the Co/MgO spin injector yields a clear perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. In addition, ab-initio calculations have been performed to understand the origin of the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy at the Co/MgO(111) interface. Finally, we investigate multiferroic tunnel junctions (MFTJs) based on organic PVDF barriers doped with Fe3O4 nano particles. The organic MFTJs have recently attracted much attention since they can combine advantages of spintronics, organic and ferroelectric electronics. We report on the successful fabrication of La0.6Sr0.4MnO3/PVDF:Fe3O4/Co OMFTJ, where the poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) organic barrier has been doped with ferromagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles. By changing the polarization of the ferroelectric PVDF, the tunneling process in OMFTJ can be switched either through the LSMO/PVDF/Co part (positive polarization) or through the Fe3O4/PVDF/Co part (negative polarization). This corresponds to a reversal of tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) from +10% to -50%, respectively. Our study shows that the doping of OMFTJs with magnetic nanoparticles can create new functionalities of organic spintronic devices by the interplay of nanoparticle magnetism with the ferroelectricity of the organic barrier
Rodriguez, Fernand. „Synthèse de nouveaux matériaux conjugués pour l'électronique organique : fabrication et études des performances de transistors organiques et de diodes electroluminescentes“. Paris 7, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA077204.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis describes the synthesis and characterization of new conjugated materials for organic electronics. In the first part of this work we have developed an original approach to elaborating organic field-effect transistors based on a SAM consisting of bifunctional molecules containing a short alkyl chain linked to an oligothiophene moiety that acts as the active semiconductor. The SAM was deposited on a thin AI2O3 oxide layer that serves as a gate insulator. The SAMs have been characterized by polarization-modulated IR reflection-absorption spectroscopy (PMIRRAS) and AFM. Devices with well defined I/V curves have been obtained with a clear saturation allowing an estimate of the mobility: 3. 5. 1CT ¯³ cm²/W. S. The second part deals with development of new organometallic complexes based on oligothiophene- substituted 8-hydroxyquinoline for organic electroluminescence applications. Lithium and aluminium complexes have been synthesized and characterized. The OLED structures have been optimized by a careful choice of the hole-transporting layers, metal cathodes and the thickness of the emissive layer. The results show that some of the lithium complexes present better performances than the reference material AIQ3 with a lower onset voltage or a higher yield
Derouiche, Hassen. „Étude de couches minces de matériaux organiques et applications à la réalisation de cellules solaires“. Nantes, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NANT2025.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMasenelli, Bruno. „Elaboration et caractérisation de microcavités optiques à base de semiconducteurs organiques“. Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ECDL0035.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFabrication and characterisation of organic semiconductor based optical microcavities For about ten years, new optoelectronic devices have developed, exploiting the luminescence of conjugated organic materials. However, drastic criteria, concerning radiated intensity and lifetime, must be met. That is the reason why research progresses on three main axes. The first one consists in the synthesis of new materials. The second deals with the optimisation of charge injection and transport in the structures. The third one, on which we focused, consists in controlling the optical properties via light confirming structures. First, we determined the optical properties (optical indices, photoluminescent spectrum) of tri (8- hydroxyquinoline) aluminium (Alq3). We used this material as the active layer in the fabrication of planar optical microcavities. We showed that it is possible to fabricate Bragg mirrors without deteriorating the organic layer. Using angular resolved photoluminescence experiments, we demonstrated that a microcavity concentrates monochromatic emission into lobes. This concentration leads to an intensity enhancement in the lobe direction. This study demonstrates the importance of emitting layer position in the cavity. We observed an intensity enhancement along the normal direction of more than six times between a cavity with its active layer near a maximum of the electrical field and a cavity with its active layer near a node of the field. We modelled the results and calculated that the total spontaneous emission rate is not affected by the cavity. Finally, we fabricated microcavities confined along two perpendicular directions. Metallic lateral mirrors were made by photolithography. Measures showed that the electric field does not experience the lateral confinement, indicating that the distance between lateral mirrors, set by the fabrication technique remains large compared to the wavelength. While these structures behave quite similarly to planar microcavities, we observed that, in the section plane, the variation of the resonant wavelength with the angle does not correspond to that of a planar microcavity. This result is discussed and we propose an explanation for it
El, Beqqali Omar. „Propriétés électriques et diffusion d'impuretés dans des matériaux organiques : application à l'électronique moléculaire“. Lyon 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LYO10116.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGuillermet, Olivier. „Etude de films ultra-minces de PTCDI et Pd(Pc) déposés sur les surfaces Pt(001), Pt(111) et Au(001) : application à l'hétérostructure métal/PTCDI/Pd(Pc)/métal“. Aix-Marseille 2, 2006. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/2006AIX22042.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBaltagi, Youssef. „Spectroscopis de modulation optique : développement d'un ensemble expérimental et application à la caractérisation de matériaux et d'hétérostructures du système GaInAs/AIInAs épitaxié sur InP“. Lyon, INSA, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ISAL0096.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this work, we study using modulation spectroscopy the optical properties of III-V semiconductor compounds, especially InAlAs / InGaAs based structures. The first part of the work deals with the development of an experimental set up, whose sensitivity is 10-6. This system works between 8K and 600K, in the spectral range 0. 6 to-1. 8 micrometer. In this part we also show the feasibility of a performing prototype. The second part deals with the characterization of bulk InAlAs / InP layers. Using the temperature dependence of the Photore-flectance (PR) spectra we show the existence of a localization in the InAlAs layer due to some clustering effect. Furthennore, we have studied InGaAs/InAlAs single quantum wells. The PR technique is shown to be a powerful tool to characterize the interface and material quality, interface roughness…, and to give a qualitative determination of conduction band offset in this system. In the last part of this work, we apply the PR in order to measure the surface Fermi level in an InAlAs UN+ ( undoped layer grown on a heavily doped n+ layer) structure. The same structures have been used to measure the piezoelectric field in a InGaAs/GaAs strained SQW grown on a polar <111> GaAs substrate
Carcel, Carole. „Synthèse d'oligoTTF à lien saturé, fonctionnalisé et conjugué : Caractérisation électrochimique et formation de matériaux“. Montpellier 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MON20163.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePerrin, Lara. „Synthèse et caractérisation de matériaux organiques dérivés du pérylène pour la conversion photovoltai͏̈que“. Angers, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ANGE0016.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIncreasing interest in finding new renewable energy sources has lead scientists to search for less expensive and more effective solar cells. Organic materials seem to be an alternative to replace inorganic silicon solar cells: new "plastic" photovoltaic devices are inexpensive and relatively easy to process. The main goal in this field is to produce thermally and photochemically stable organic semiconductors. The aim of this thesis is to develop new "n type" semiconductors (electron acceptors) derived from organic pigments used in xerography and automobile paints. The work presented concerns the synthesis and characterization of soluble derivatives of perylene-3,4:9,10-tetracarboxylic diimides that could be used as acceptors in photovoltaic cells
Nos, Melodie. „Synthèse organique et auto-assemblage de métallo-polymères conjugués à faible gap pour la préparation de nouveaux matériaux organiques“. Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMC259/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work is focused on the development of original low band gap metallo-polymers to generate potential candidates for solar cell devices. In order to decrease the band gap value of the metallo-polymers, the first part of this work explores the insertion of one or two charge transfer complexes (CTC) in the ligand structure, using diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) as acceptor and thiophene as donor in order to decrease the band gap. The second part of this work is interested in the improvement of charge carrier mobility. The development of strategies to promote chains self-organization in the material with the introduction of an organizing group on the ligand are studied in order to generate a π-type weak interactions network or hydrogen bonds. The targeted metallo-polymers are obtained using a dehydrohalogenation reaction between a dialkyne ligand and a platinium (II) complex. Electronic, optic and physic properties characterization of these original compounds confirm the interest for using them in organic solar cell devices