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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Matériaux poreux – Absorption et adsorption“
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Dissertationen zum Thema "Matériaux poreux – Absorption et adsorption"
Surblé, Suzy Nathalie. „Synthèse et caractérisations physico-chimiques de matériaux hybrides poreux multifonctionnels“. Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006VERS0046.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSynthesis and physico-chem Porous solids are known as being a strategie mate rials class for their potential applications in fields such a~ catalysis, gas separation, storage or optical properties. This work has aimed to synthesize new multifonctionnal porous materials. The first chapter recalls the history of porous solids from zeolithes to today. A short structural description of several hybrid solid with carboxylates has been developed. The following chapters mention two solids, iIIustrating clearly the concept of scale chemistry and they show the contribution of simulation in resolution of structures from X-ray powder data. Porous solids, ca lied MIL88, are flexible and isoreticular. The Amplitude of breathing is unique in the field of porous materials: between 87% and 230%. This amplitude is selective and reversible. Structural determination of hybrid solids with large pores size (MIL 100 and MIL 101) using X-ray powder data is a turning point i our history. These solids are unique with hierarchy of extra-large pore sizes: microporous cage and two mesoporous cages perfectly crystallized. They have a giant cells volumes (380000 A3 et 700000 A3) and a record surface area : 3100 m2. G-1 and 5900 m2. G-1. The two final sections bring up on the one hand, the synthesis of new carboxylate of rare earths and on the other hand a spectroscopie study of the Eu3+ cations in attempt of proposing a correlation between crystalline structure and optical properties. Ical characterization of multifonctionnal porous materials
Gautier, Céline. „Biodégradation des hydrocarbures en milieu poreux insaturé“. Pau, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PAUU3037.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBiological processes are expected to play an important role in the degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in contaminated soils. However, factors influencing the kinetics of biodegradation are still not well known, especially in the unsaturated zone. To address these biodegradation questions in the unsaturated zone an innovative experimental set up based on a physical column model was developed. This experimental set up appeared to be an excellent tool for elaboration of a structured porous medium, with well defined porous network and adjusted water/oil saturations. Homogeneous repartition of both liquid phases (i. E. , aqueous and non aqueous) in the soil pores, which also contain air, was achieved using ceramic membranes placed at the bottom of the soil column. Reproducible interfaces (and connectivity) are developed between gas, and both non mobile water and NAPL phases, depending on the above-defined characteristics of the porous media and on the partial saturations of these three phases (NAPL, water and gas). A respirometric apparatus was coupled to the column. Such experimental set up have been validated with hexadecane in dilution in an HMN phase. This approach allowed detailed information concerning n-hexadecane biodegradation, in aerobic condition, through the profile of the oxygen consumption rate. We have taken benefit of this technique, varying experimental conditions, to determine the main parameters influencing the biodegradation kinetics and compositional evolution of hydrocarbons, under steady state unsaturated conditions and with respect to aerobic metabolism. Impacts of the nitrogen quantity and of three different grain sizes have been examined. Biodegradation of petroleum cut, as diesel cut and middle distillate without aromatic fraction, were also studied
Knöfel, Christina. „Synthesis, characterisation and evaluation of porous materials for the adsorption of carbon dioxide“. Aix-Marseille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX11005.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDans ce travail, des oxydes mesoporeux, tels que silice, oxyde de titane et oxyde de zircone ont été synthétisés en utilisant un copolymère à triblock comme agent structurant. De plus, la silice et l’oxyde de titane ont été fonctionnalisés avec différentes molécules d'aminosilane. La caractérisation des matériaux préparés a été effectuée par diverses méthodes, telles que la sorption d'azote, la spectroscopie infrarouge (ATR) et la diffraction des rayons X. Les matériaux ont été examinés pour leurs propriétés d'adsorption du dioxyde de carbone utilisant principalement la microcalorimétrie. Dans certains cas, des mesures de spectroscopie IR in-situ et des calculs théoriques de DFT ont été effectués pour mieux comprendre les résultats obtenus par microcalorimétrie d’adsorption. En ce qui concerne les différentes propriétés d'adsorption nous avons mis en évidence que la functionalisation des emplacements d'amine sur les matériaux de silice a amélioré de manière significative les capacités d'adsorption. Une comparaison des différents oxydes a confirmé que les propriétés d'adsorption dépendent principalement de la force du lien du métal-oxygène dans les oxydes mais également des caractéristiques de texture, telles que la porosité
Cosnier, Frédéric. „Contribution à l'étude de l'adsorption et de la désorption de composés organiques volatils chlorés sur charbons actifs“. Nancy 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NAN10156.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAdsorption and desorption of water and chlorinated volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in static (adsorption isotherms) and dynamic conditions (breakthrough curves) have been performed on different activated carbons (ACs) (granulated ACs and activated carbons fibers) with different textural characteristics and surface chemistry. The main objective of this study is to separate the different component of a chlorinated VOCs mixture in the presence or not of water vapor. It appears that both porous texture and surface chemistry of ACs as physicochemical characteristics of the probes have a strong influence on their adsorption (or desorption) process (mechanism and kinetics). A special attention has been drawn on the influence of the water presence: at high relative humidity rate, ACs adsorption properties (adsorbed amount and kinetics) for chlorinated VOCs are strongly affected. Separation of the dichloromethane/trichloroethylene mixture has been successfully realized whatever the experimental conditions. Last, an exploratory study on the AC hydrophobisation possibilities by the graphting of non-polar groups in liquid phase has been undertaken in order to limit the water presence effects
Guillerm, Vincent. „Synthèse, fonctionnalisation et propriétés d'adsorption de nouveaux solides hybrides poreux“. Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011VERS0001.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePorous hybrid solids are intensively studied, and are of a growing interest, due to their polyfunctionality, for several field for their potential applications in catalysis, adsorption/storage/separation, optical properties, drug release, etc. The bibliographic part of this thesis summarizes the main concepts related to Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs), with a particular interest in tetravalent metal chemistry (zirconium, titanium) and polycarboxylate based MOFs, as well as their functionalization and their sorption properties. The second part deals with the study of a series of functionalized « flexible » MOFs (belonging to the MIL-53(Cr) structure type), using organic groups exhibiting different polarities. This study goes from the synthesis to the gas sorption properties (CO2, CH4). The next chapter is looking toward MOFs synthesis using zirconium and titanium, which were up to now scarcely used in the field of MOFs. In the same way than previously, a large series of functionalized UiO-66 solids were studied, as well as few extended analogues, as well as an unprecedented isoreticular series of zirconium carboxylates, labeled MIL-140. A particular interest is here given to the comparison of these two series, both in term of hydrothermal and mechanical stabilities, which are of outmost importance for most of the industrial applications, but also in term of gas sorption properties (N2, CO2, CH4, H2S). Finally, several large scale syntheses of known or new MOFs have been performed, so that these compounds could be provided to few collaborators. Their published results have been inserted in this chapter
Kargol, Marta. „Élaboration de matériaux aluminosilicates monolithiques multifonctionnels et détermination de leurs propriétés superficielles dans le contexte d'une application en séparation de mélanges d'hydrocarbure“. Montpellier 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON20206.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBenoit, Virginie. „Relation entre structure et texture de matériaux poreux et l'évaluation de leurs propriétés de piégeage du CO2“. Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0635/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMixte Matrix Membranes (MMM’s) are promising materials for CO2 capture compared to current technologies as absorption using amines solvents (monoéthanolamine). Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) are crystalline porous materials which can be integrate under nanoparticles shape to polymer phase of MMM’s. They are built from metal nods and organic ligand to yield well-defined tridimensional structure (3D). They possess various advantages: high specific surface area and pore volume, tunable pore size and some of them are stable in presence of water. MOFs have a sustainable chemistry to targeted applications unlike traditional adsorbents as activated carbons, zeolites.On the one hand, this work aimed the assessment of CO2 separation performances of microporous MOFs for CO2/N2 and CO2/CH4 gas separations. The ‘gas-adsorbent’ interactions are favored in MOFs by: (1) a decrease of pore size, pore volume which can involve confinement effects, molecular sieve effects or (2) the presence of surface groups. Therefore, these factors can contribute to the CO2 selectivity improvement and have been studied for various microporous MOFs. On the other hand, textural (specific surface area, pore volume) and thermodynamic (adsorption enthalpy) parameters have been correlated to CO2 maximum excess uptakes through a quantitative structure-property approach to establish some linear trends
Calas, Sylvie. „Surface et porosité dans les aérogels de silice : étude strcuturale et texturale“. Montpellier 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON20178.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMoret, Stéphanie. „Etude thermodynamique de la co-adsorption de N2, Ar et CH4 à 40° C, jusqu'à 15 bar par des matériaux poreux“. Aix-Marseille 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX11044.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHébrard-Labit, Céline. „Influence du compartiment bactérien sur le transfert du zinc en milieu poreux non saturé : expériences et modélisation“. Lyon, INSA, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ISAL0119.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMost of the numerous models developed in the recent years to simulate the fate of chemicals in porous media only rely on hydrodynamic and physico-chemical processes. Although biological mechanisms have been clearly identified to modify metallic ions transport properties, microorganism / metal interactions have hardly ever been related to transfer hydraulics and chemistry. The aim of the present work was to assess the influence bacteria/metal interaction mechanisms can have on metal fate in unsaturated medium. We have investigated the role of a bacterium strain, Pseudomonas putida, in zinc transfer through a non saturated sandy medium, as a function of pH (4 to 7) and metal concentration (2 to 20 mg Zn/L). Our experimental approach was based on batch and column experiments, both with and without biofilm. Zinc retention has been found to be more important in the presence of bacteria cells. Microflora influence, clearly identified in the tested conditions, increased with cell number and pH, to reach a maximum at pH 6. Under acidic conditions, the retention was subject to a linear isotherm whereas at pH 7 a good agreement was found with a Freundlich type equation. Zinc is retained at pH 4 and 5 by reversible processes while irreversible physico-chemical retention mechanisms (precipitation) seemed to be involved at pH 6 and 7, and to predominate on biosorption at neutrality. In sterile medium as well as in colonized one, cation transport was correctly described by coupling a two-region model (mobile/immobile) with a first order kinetic linear retention and a consumption term
Bücher zum Thema "Matériaux poreux – Absorption et adsorption"
author, Thomas Sabu, MirMahaleh Moein MehdiPour author, Rafiei Saeedeh author, Maghsoodlou Shima author und Afzali Arezo author, Hrsg. Foundations of nanotechnology. Oakville, ON, Canada: Apple Academic Press Inc., 2014.
Den vollen Inhalt der Quelle findenAdsorption Analysis: Equilibria and Kinetics. Imperial College Pr, 1998.
Den vollen Inhalt der Quelle findenAdsorption Analysis: Equilibria and Kinetics. World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd, 1998.
Den vollen Inhalt der Quelle findenAdsorption Analysis: Equilibria and Kinetics (Chemical Engineer Series, Volume 2). Imperial College Press, 1998.
Den vollen Inhalt der Quelle findenAdsorption Analysis: Equilibria and Kinetics (Series on Chemical Engineering, Vol 2). World Scientific Publishing Company, 1998.
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