Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Materialismi“
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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Materialismi"
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Lutfi, Lutfi, Dimas Gita Ramadhan Firdaus, Elicia Aprillia Dwiyanti und Yolanda Dela Renta. „THE EFFECT OF MATERIALISM AND FINANCIAL KNOWLEDGE ON FINANCIAL STRESS: THE ROLE OF PRESENT FATALISTIC AND MARITAL STATUS“. Jurnal Ekonomi Bisnis dan Kewirausahaan 11, Nr. 3 (31.12.2022): 276. http://dx.doi.org/10.26418/jebik.v11i3.54726.
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The conditions of the Covid 19 outbreak during 2019 and 2020 made some people lose their jobs or income, which resulted in increased financial pressures. This research examines the influence of present fatalistic, materialism, financial knowledge, and marital status on financial stress. Data were collected using a questionnaire. The number of samples that can be processed in the study was 484 respondents. The analysis technique used is the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The direct test results show that present fatalistic and materialism significantly increase financial stress, while financial knowledge and marital status reduce financial stress. Present fatalistic has been shown to positively mediate materialism's effect on financial stress. Meanwhile, marital status strengthens the negative influence of financial knowledge on financial pressure. It means that marital status encourages someone with good financial knowledge to use their ability to manage their finances to avoid financial stress. This study recommends to the public the importance of controlling materialistic behavior, reducing hopelessness, and increasing self-control to reduce financial pressureJEL : D12, D14.ABSTRAKKondisi wabah Covid 19 selama tahun 2019 dan 2020 membuat sebagian masyarakat kehilangan pekerjaan atau penghasilannya, yang mengakibatkan tekanan keuangan semakin meningkat. Penelitian ini menguji pengaruh fatalistik masa kini, materialisme, pengetahuan keuangan, dan status perkawinan terhadap tekanan keuangan. Pemilihan sampel didasarkan pada metode purposive sampling, dan pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Jumlah sampel yang dapat diolah adalah 484 responden. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Hasil pengujian pengaruh langsung menunjukkan bahwa fatalistik masa kini dan materialisme secara signifikan meningkatkan tekanan keuangan, sedangkan pengetahuan keuangan dan status perkawinan mengurangi tekanan keuangan. Fatalistik masa kini terbukti secara positif memediasi pengaruh materialisme pada tekanan keuangan. Sementara itu, status perkawinan memperkuat pengaruh negatif pengetahuan keuangan terhadap tekanan keuangan. Hal ini berarti bahwa status perkawinan mendorong seseorang yang memiliki pengetahuan keuangan yang baik untuk menggunakan pengetahuan tersebut dalam mengelola keuangannya agar terhindar dari tekanan keuangan. Studi ini merekomendasikan kepada masyarakat pentingnya mengendalikan perilaku materialistis, mengurangi keputusasaan, dan meningkatkan pengendalian diri untuk mengurangi tekanan keuangan.Kata Kunci : tekanan keuangan, materialisme, pengetahuan keuangan, fatalistik masa kini, status perkawinan.
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Watson, David C. „Well-Being, Temporal Orientation, and the Dual Nature of Materialism“. Imagination, Cognition and Personality 40, Nr. 1 (19.03.2020): 65–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0276236620911602.
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The present research examined the dual nature of the materialistic personality in terms of temporal perspective, subjective well-being, and materialism. The dual-nature model hypothesizes an anxious “mouse” type and a more flamboyant “peacock” type of materialist. Previous research has found a relationship between materialism and past-negative and present fatalistic temporal orientation. This study extended this research by examining the future-negative perspective and its relationship to materialism and well-being. It was hypothesized that the two types of materialists would have different temporal profiles. In addition, it was predicted that a future-negative perspective would mediate the relationship between materialism and well-being as was previously found with past-negative temporal orientation. The results indicated higher dark-future, future-negative, and past-negative scores with the “mouse” type materialists and higher present hedonistic scores in the “peacock” type materialists. Mediation analysis showed an indirect effect of a future-negative perspective in the relationship between materialism and well-being.
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Rebrov, Sergey. „LOUIS ALTHUSSER’S CRITIQUE OF THE POLITICAL THEORY“. Political Expertise: POLITEX 18, Nr. 2 (2022): 199–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu23.2022.206.
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The article analyzes various projects of hybridization of materialism and political theory in one conceptual system. Special attention is paid to the critical analysis of the phenomenon of economic materialism of the nineteenth century, which for a long time remained the only example of a materialistic analysis of politics. The subsequent development of materialism that became a new limit of economic determinism, put new problems in the context of the capabilities of materialistic policy. The author proposes to follow the argument of the French philosopher Louis Althusser as a philosophy of aleatory materialism created by the thinker himself, including to substantiate the variations of materialistic understanding of the political. The article consistently disassembled the prerequisites for the crisis of the Marxist economic interpretation of history, which, at the original stage of its own formation, had extremely few common with philosophical materialism. The further struggle of new materialists with the idea of a universal explanatory principle ultimately allowed them to create a new type of philosophical knowledge that is not related to the idea of universal history. The focus in this case is chained to the political aspect of Althusser's Materialism regarding the theory of conjuncture as a genuine object of any materialistic politics. Finally, the author compares aleatory materialism with a number of other directions of post-modern materialistic ontology, whose representatives direct their own criticism towards the anthropological component of the political theory, which, however, leads to the denial of this discipline in principle. Thus, it is Althuserianism that in couple with Schmitterism, are the only examples of a successful project to create a materialistic theory of politics.
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Gonçalves, Monica Villaça, und Ana Paula Serrata Malfitano. „Relato de uma pesquisa em Terapia Ocupacional sobre mobilidade urbana: um enfoque teórico-metodológico a partir do Materialismo Histórico-dialético/Research report in Occupational Therapy on urban mobility: a theoretical-methodological approach from dialectic historical materialism“. Revista Interinstitucional Brasileira de Terapia Ocupacional - REVISBRATO 6, Nr. 4 (30.11.2022): 1405–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.47222/2526-3544.rbto49117.
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Objetivo: Apresentar reflexões sobre a consecução de uma pesquisa com a temática da mobilidade urbana cotidiana, realizada a partir dos pressupostos teórico-metodológicos do materialismo histórico-dialético em terapia ocupacional social. Síntese dos elementos do estudo: Contextualiza-se a pesquisa e seus referenciais teóricos, sua metodologia de construção e análise dos dados. Finaliza-se refletindo sobre o processo da pesquisa, suas implicações e o materialismo-histórico na terapia ocupacional social. Conclusão: O destaque à abordagem dialética materialista-histórica em pesquisas pode contribuir para o fortalecimento do arcabouço teórico da terapia ocupacional, informando práticas profissionais técnicas, éticas e políticas, para que oferte respostas efetivas às demandas contemporâneasPalavras-chave: Terapia Ocupacional Social. Materialismo-histórico. Direito à Cidade. Mobilidade Urbana Cotidiana. Pesquisa Abstract Objective: To present reflections achieved in research about everyday urban mobility carried out from the theoretical-methodological background of historical-dialectical materialism, emphasizing social occupational therapy. Synthesis of the study's elements: The research and its theoretical references, its methodology of construction and data analysis are contextualized. It ends by reflecting on the research process, its implications and historical materialism in social occupational therapy. Conclusion: The dialectical historical materialism in research contributes to consolidate the theoretical framework of occupational therapy, informing technical, ethical, and political professional practices, so that it can effectively respond to contemporary demands.Keywords: Social Occupational Therapy. Historical Materialism. Right to the City. Daily Urban Mobility. ResearchResumenObjetivo: Presentar reflexiones sobre la realización de una investigación sobre el tema de la movilidad urbana cotidiana realizada a partir de los presupuestos teórico-metodológicos del materialismo histórico-dialéctico en terapia social ocupacional. Síntesis de los elementos del estudio: Se contextualiza la investigación y sus referentes teóricos, su metodología de construcción y análisis de datos. Finaliza reflexionando sobre el proceso de investigación, sus implicaciones e histórico-materialismo en la terapia ocupacional social. Conclusión: Enfatizar el enfoque dialéctico materialista-histórico en la investigación puede contribuir a fortalecer el marco teórico de la terapia ocupacional, informando prácticas profesionales técnicas, éticas y políticas, para que ofrezca respuestas efectivas a las demandas contemporáneas.Palabras clave: Terapia Social Ocupacional. Materialismo Histórico. Derecho a la Ciudad. Movilidad Urbana Diaria. Investigación
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Choat, Simon. „Science, Agency and Ontology: A Historical-Materialist Response to New Materialism“. Political Studies 66, Nr. 4 (03.11.2017): 1027–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0032321717731926.
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In recent years, the work of a diverse range of thinkers has been grouped together under the label ‘new materialism’. This article offers a critical introduction to new materialism that challenges its understanding of historical materialism. It aims to demonstrate not that historical materialism is superior to new materialism, but rather that the latter would benefit from engaging with rather than ignoring or dismissing the former. It begins by defining new materialism in relation to its reappraisal of science, its concept of agency and its underlying ontology. Second, it locates new materialism by demonstrating how and why many new materialists are hostile to historical materialism. Finally, it responds to new materialist criticisms of historical materialism, arguing both that there are potential areas of agreement between the two materialisms and that historical materialism offers valuable resources for analysing historically specific and asymmetric power relations.
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Bueno Ferraz, Sinésio. „Horkheimer, o Absoluto e a ambiguidade conceitual da teologia negativa“. Educação e Filosofia 37, Nr. 81 (27.03.2024): 1567–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.14393/revedfil.v37n81a2023-70310.
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Resumo: A obra Eclipse da razão, de Horkheimer, é tensionada por uma ambiguidade conceitual. No texto Meios e Fins, o conceito de razão objetiva tem uma fundamentação metafísica, que é contestada pela análise materialista exposta no texto Sobre o conceito de filosofia. Essa ambiguidade conceitual repercute nas reflexões teológicas tardias de Horkheimer, em que o conceito originalmente metafísico do Absoluto é recepcionado em termos materialistas. Nesse sentido, a teologia negativa postulada por Horkheimer reflete problemas relativos à fundamentação conceitual do materialismo dialético no campo filosófico. O objetivo deste artigo consiste em expor essa ambivalência, e também apontar os problemas conceituais envolvidos na fundamentação filosófica do materialismo dialético. Palavras-chave: Teoria Crítica; Teologia Negativa; Materialismo Dialético; Absoluto Horkheimer, the Absolute and the conceptual ambiguity of negative theology Abstract: Horkheimer's work Eclipse of Reason is tensioned by a conceptual ambiguity. In the text Means and Ends, the concept of objective reason has a metaphysical foundation, which is contested by the materialist analysis exposed in the text On the concept of philosophy. This conceptual ambiguity reverberates in Horkheimer's later theological reflections, in which the originally metaphysical concept of the Absolute is received in materialist terms. In this sense, the negative theology postulated by Horkheimer reflects problems related to the conceptual foundation of dialectical materialism in the philosophical field. The purpose of this article is to expose this ambivalence, and also to point out the conceptual problems involved in the philosophical foundation of dialectical materialism. Keywords: Critical Theory; Negative Theology; Dialectical Materialism; Absolute Horkheimer, el Absoluto y la ambigüedad conceptual de la teología negativa Resumen: La obra de Horkheimer Eclipse of Reason está tensionada por una ambigüedad conceptual. En el texto Medios y fines, el concepto de razón objetiva tiene un fundamento metafísico, el cual es contestado por el análisis materialista expuesto en el texto Sobre el concepto de filosofía. Esta ambigüedad conceptual repercute en las reflexiones teológicas posteriores de Horkheimer, en las que el concepto originalmente metafísico del Absoluto se recibe en términos materialistas. En este sentido, la teología negativa postulada por Horkheimer refleja problemas relacionados con la fundamentación conceptual del materialismo dialéctico en el campo filosófico. El propósito de este artículo es exponer esta ambivalencia, y también señalar los problemas conceptuales involucrados en el fundamento filosófico del materialismo dialéctico. Palabras llave: Teoría Crítica; Teología Negativa; Materialismo Dialéctico; Absoluto. Data de registro: 01/08/2023 Data de aceite: 24/01/2024
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Pellizzoni, Luigi. „Natura o tecnica? Sars-Cov-2, nuovi materialismi e critica dell'Antropocene“. SOCIOLOGIA URBANA E RURALE, Nr. 127 (März 2022): 94–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/sur2022-127008.
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La pandemia del Sars-CoV-2 sollecita la sociologia dell'ambiente a interrogarsi sugli approcci adeguati a renderne conto. A lungo la disciplina è stata dominata dal dibattito tra realismo e costruttivismo, de facto privilegiando quest'ultimo. La "svolta ontologica" nelle scienze sociali e umane ha portato alla ribalta materialismi anti-dualisti, idonei sulla carta a confrontarsi con un ibrido socio-materiale quale il Sars-CoV-2. Tuttavia, le implicazioni emancipative tratte dalla critica dei dualismi moderni non hanno riscontro in una situazione in cui l'estrazione di valore coincide sempre più con la negazione della distinzione tra natura e tecnica. Il dibattito sull'Antropocene offre una prospettiva utile a fare chiarezza.
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Pashkevich, Vladimir. „Voluntary Simplicity and Materialism: Different Cognitive and Attitudinal Drivers and Different Effects on Self-Brand Connections“. International Review of Business and Economics 3, Nr. 1 (2019): 11–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.56902/irbe.2019.3.1.4.
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Although "simple" brands encouraging mindfulness and favoring minimalism are becoming popular at rapidly increasing rates, the relationship between consumer materialism or voluntary simplicity (VS) ideology and formation of consumer self/brand connections after exposure to the ads with materialistic or VS theme has not been studies and directly compared. The process underlying the formation of self/brand connections has not being empirically tested either. This paper addresses these gaps in the literature by using an experimental approach. The findings indicate that after exposure to the ad with VS (but not materialistic) appeal, voluntary simplifiers form strong bonds with the brand. On the other hand, materialistic consumers form strong self/brand connections when exposed to the ads with both materialistic and VS appeals. The findings show that both high materialists and simplifiers form brand connections when exposed to the ads with VS appeal, but for fundamentally different reasons. Materialism fosters self-brand connections by evoking thoughts about wisdom and good life, while voluntary simplicity fosters self-brand connections by evoking ad-related nostalgic thoughts and thoughts about equality. The results have important implications for brand managers trying to forge strong brand connections while targeting segments of consumers with different values.
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Hokowhitu, Brendan. „Indigenous Materialisms and Disciplinary Colonialism“. Somatechnics 11, Nr. 2 (August 2021): 157–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/soma.2021.0349.
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As a starting point, this article looks at the nexus between New Materialisms and Indigenous Studies, concluding that the New Materialists' almost entire failure to interact with Indigenous knowledges and scholarship whilst employing the nomenclature ‘new’, is merely another over-exaggerated example of western claims to knowledge itself. The majority of the article discusses Indigenous Materialisms more specifically, introducing a new framework for defining eras of colonialism, namely ‘sovereignty colonialism’, ‘biopolitical’ or ‘disciplinary colonialism’, and ‘ security colonialism’. In the final third of the article, I focus on ‘biopolitical’ or ‘disciplinary colonialism’ in particular, fleshing out notions such as Indigenous materiality preceding thought, the materialism of colonisation including colonial sport, and the agency of Indigenous bodies to resist.
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Sosa, Pedro. „La Dimensión Política del Materialismo Entre la Propuesta Especulativa de Quentin Meillassoux y la Teoría de la Filosofía de Louis Althusser“. Mediações - Revista de Ciências Sociais 27, Nr. 1 (29.04.2022): 44965. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/2176-6665.2022v27n1e44965.
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Neste artigo pretendemos estabelecer uma relação entre o "materialismo especulativo" de Quentin Meillassoux e a filosofia materialista de Louis Althusser. Se ambos os materialismos se definem a partir da afirmação de uma dimensão objetiva, externa ao sujeito, e da possibilidade de conhecê-lo, distanciam-se, porém, em um ponto fundamental: o registro do espaço constituído pelas práticas sociais que ultrapassam e determina à filosofia. O objetivo deste artigo é, nesse sentido, elucidar e ponderar essa distância entre um materialismo e outro, a fim de dar conta da diferença que se joga entre eles em termos de alcance e significado político das teses que o caracterizar.
Dissertationen zum Thema "Materialismi"
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Awanis, Sandra, Bodo B. Schlegelmilch und Cui Charles Chi. „Asia's Materialists: Reconciling Collectivism and Materialism“. Palgrave Macmillan, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/s41267-017-0096-6.
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Materialism has an ugly face. The dominant view of materialism regards materialists as self-prioritizing individuals who oppose collective and prosocial goals in favor of a lifestyle led by money, possessions, and status. The present research argues that there is a side of materialism that is concerned with collective-oriented interests. We examine the nature and consequences of collective-oriented materialism - the belief system that ascribes importance to possessions for their symbolic and signaling capacities to construct desirable social attributes. Drawing from cultural and consumer theories, we find considerable support that materialists espouse a collective-oriented quality to an otherwise self-oriented interest towards possessions.
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Tamizari, Fabiana. „A mulher na concepção materialista de Diderot“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8133/tde-24042014-103042/.
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Esta dissertação trata da mulher no pensamento materialista de Denis Diderot (1713-1784), tendo em vista dois aspectos principais: a constituição psicofisiológica feminina e a maneira como o enciclopedista vê a mulher no seu contexto moral e social no Século das Luzes. Tomaremos como base para esta análise as seguintes obras do filósofo: Diálogo entre DAlembert e Diderot, O Sonho de DAlembert, Continuação do Diálogo, Sobre as Mulheres, A Religiosa e, por fim, o Suplemento à Viagem de Bougainville.This dissertation deals with the woman in materialistic thought of Denis Diderot (1713-1784), in view two main aspects: the constitution psychophysiological women and the way women see encyclopedic in its moral and social context in the Enlightenment. We will take as a basis for this analysis the following works of the philosopher: Dialogue between D\'Alembert and Diderot, D\'Alembert\'s Dream, Continued Dialogue on Women, The Religious and finally, The Supplement to the Journey Bougainville.
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Martach, Swantje. „Towards a New Materialist Ontology of Clothing“. Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670649.
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De fet, estem envoltats de molta més roba que persones. I de les persones que ens envolten, veiem més roba que pell. Per què estem tan convençuts que el que veiem són persones? Per tal de re-equilibrar les concepcions de sentit comú de el vestir ("clothing", definit aquí no com ho manifest, sinó com a relació humà/vestimenta), la tesi "Cap a una ontologia nova materialista del vestir" aspira a revelar l'equivalència immanent a aquest tipus de relació humà/cosa.
Per atendre les agències materials i existències a part de la nostra en el vestir, aquesta tesi es va fer càrrec de el regne de el Nou Materialisme (NM). No obstant això, com NM mai s'ha enfocat en el vestir, el present projecte va haver de construir per si mateix una bastida metodològic de quatre parts. A més d'adoptar no l'assumpte sinó la forma de (1) investigació nova materialista, es va basar en (2) enfocaments teòrics de moda/vestimenta. A causa de que les aspiracions d'investigació d'aquest últim es dirigeixen a l'humà, en el camí cap al qual simplement es trobi la vestimenta; precisament no les seves respostes proporcionades fins ara, sinó més aviat els seus assumptes encara per resoldre, van ser adoptats. (3) Es va trobar més assistència en Material Culture (MC) Studies, una escola antropològica veïna a NM, en les consideracions es va incloure més vestimenta que moda des de llavors. Finalment, com una escola amb què NM sovint es confon o s'agrupa, (4) l'ontologia orientada a objectes (Object Oriented Ontology) es va utilitzar com a suport addicional, així que com un altre mitjà de contrast. Aquesta metodologia creuant el vestir i NM va permetre una re-elaboració d'el concepte de la "cosa", que els quatre àmbits d'investigació mantenen estimat, i amb que fan malabarismes amb tanta naturalitat. En lloc d'entitats d'objectes, el present projecte proposa l'esdevenir de webs/nusos com a unitat dinàmica d'investigació.
Eventualment, aquest projecte aspira a ressaltar el valor de la vestimenta i de el vestir com assumpte d'investigació filosòfica, per la qual cosa que tant de bo contribuirà a un canvi de atribuir-li una falta de serietat, a apreciar el poder que té sobre cadascun de nosaltres. En el seu statu quo, la pràctica quotidiana de el vestir és un gran contaminant ecològic, així com una càrrega psicològica freqüentment pesada. A l'relacionar-lo amb el NM, aquest projecte anima a re-conceptualitzar el vestir, i així avançar cap a una coexistència més respectuosa, responsable i estètica dels humans/vestimenta.De hecho, estamos rodeados de mucha más ropa que personas. Y de las personas que nos rodean, vemos más ropa que piel. ¿Por qué estamos tan persuadidos de que lo que vemos son personas? Con el fin de re-equilibrar las concepciones de sentido común del vestir ("clothing", definido aquí no como lo manifiesto, sino como relación humano/vestimenta), la tesis "Hacia una ontología nueva materialista del vestir" aspira a revelar la equivalencia inmanente a este tipo de relación humano/cosa. Para atender a las agencias materiales y existencias aparte de la nuestra en el vestir, esta tesis se hizo cargo del reino del Nuevo Materialismo (NM). Sin embargo, como NM nunca se ha enfocado en el vestir, el presente proyecto tuvo que construir por sí mismo un andamio metodológico de cuatro partes. Además de adoptar no el asunto sino la forma de (1) investigación nueva materialista, se basó en (2) enfoques teóricos de moda/vestimenta. Debido a que las aspiraciones de investigación de este último se dirigen al humano, en el camino hacia el cual simplemente se encuentre la vestimenta; precisamente no sus respuestas proporcionadas hasta ahora, sino más bien sus asuntos aún por resolver, fueron adoptados. (3) Se encontró más asistencia en Material Culture (MC) Studies, una escuela antropológica vecina a NM, en cuyas consideraciones se incluyó más vestimenta que moda desde entonces. Finalmente, como una escuela con que NM a menudo se confunde o agrupa, (4) la ontología orientada a objetos (Object Oriented Ontology) se utilizó como respaldo adicional, así que como otro medio de contraste. Esta metodología cruzando el vestir y NM permitió una re-elaboración del concepto de la "cosa", que los cuatro ámbitos de investigación mantienen querido, y con que hacen malabarismos con tanta naturalidad. En lugar de entidades de objetos, el presente proyecto propone el devenir de webs/nudos como unidad dinámica de investigación. Eventualmente, este proyecto aspira a resaltar el valor de la vestimenta y del vestir como asunto de investigación filosófica, por lo cual que ojalá contribuirá a un cambio de atribuirle una falta de seriedad, a apreciar el poder que tiene sobre cada uno de nosotros. En su statu quo, la práctica cotidiana del vestir es un gran contaminante ecológico, así como una carga psicológica frecuentemente pesada. Al relacionarlo con el NM, este proyecto anima a re-conceptualizar el vestir, y así avanzar hacia una coexistencia más respetuosa, responsable y estética de los humanos/vestimenta.
As a matter of fact, we are surrounded by many more clothes than people. And from the people surrounding us, we see more clothes than skin. Why are we thus so persuaded that what we see are people? In order to rebalance commonsense conceptions of the clothing (defined here not as the manifest thing, but as humans/clothes relation), the thesis "Towards a New Materialist Ontology of Clothing" aspires to disclose the equivalence immanent to this kind of human/thing relation. For attending to material agencies and existences apart from our own in the clothing, this thesis took over the realm of New Materialism (NM). However, as NM has never targeted clothes/clothings, the present project had to construct for itself a four-parted methodological scaffold. Apart from adopting not the matter but rather the manner of (1) new materialist research, it drew on (2) fashion/dress (cultural) theoretical approaches. As the investigatory aspirations of the latter are directed onto the human, en route to which clothes are merely met; precisely not their hitherto provided answers, but rather their yet-to-solve matters were shouldered. (3) More assistance was found in Material Culture (MC) Studies, an anthropological school neighbouring NM, in the considerations of which more dress than fashion was included ever since. Finally, as a school NM often becomes confused or lumped together with, (4) Object-Oriented Ontology was used as additional back-up as well as further means of contrast. This clothing/NM-queering methodology allowed for a reworking of the concept of the "thing", which is held so dear and juggled-around with so naturally by all four touched-upon realms of research. Instead of object entities, the present project proposes web/knot-splitting becomings as units for research. Eventually, this project aspires to highlight the worth of the clothing as philosophical research matter, whereby it hopefully will contribute to a shift from ascribing it a lack of seriousness, to appreciating the power it has over each of us. In its status quo, the everyday clothing practice is a major ecological polluter as well as an often heavy psychological burden. By relating the clothing and NM, this project animates to reconceptualize the latter and thus move towards a more respectful, responsible, and aesthetic co-existence of humans/clothes therein.
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Romualdo, William. „Materialismo e moral em Holbach : os fundamentos da felicidade no Sistema da natureza /“. Marília, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/154051.
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Orientador: Ricardo MonteagudoBanca: Jacira de Freitas
Banca: Paulo Jonas de Lima Piva
Resumo: Este trabalho tem o objetivo de analisar e demonstrar os princípios morais do Barão de Holbach (1723- 1789), em especial, como ele fundamenta a noção de felicidade em seu materialismo ateu, fatalista e eudemonista. No Sistema da Natureza (ou das leis do mundo físico e do mundo moral), de 1770, Holbach entende que a infelicidade que atormenta grande parte dos seres humanos é causada pela ignorância acerca da natureza da qual fazemos parte, bem como pela ignorância que temos de nossa própria natureza. Por meio da experiência que guia a razão e proporciona o desvelamento da natureza e conhecimento da sua dinâmica, Holbach acredita que o comportamento humano pode ser conduzido na vida em sociedade sem depender dos dogmas teológicos. Segundo o barão, o próprio desejo de ser feliz e de se conservar é uma tendência natural nos seres humanos. E a "verdadeira felicidade" só será possível com uma moral em conformidade com as leis da natureza e as necessidades naturais do homem, as quais exigem dele a prática de uma virtude que considere também a felicidade dos demais seres humanos.
Abstract: This work aims to analyze and demonstrate the moral principles of Baron d'Holbach (1723-1789), mainly, how he bases the notion of happiness in his atheistic, fatalistic and eudemonistic materialism. At The System of Nature (or the laws of the physical world and the moral world), 1770, Holbach perceives that the unhappiness that plagues most human beings is caused by ignorance about the nature of which we are part of, as well as by the ignorance we have upon our own nature. By means of the experience that guides reason and provides the unveiling of nature and knowledge of its dynamics, Holbach believes that human behavior can be guided in the society life without dependence on theological dogmas. According to Baron, the very desire to be happy and to preserve oneself is a natural tendency in the human beings. And "the true happiness" will only be possible with a moral in accordance with the laws of nature and the natural needs of man, which require him the practice of a virtue that also considers the happiness of other human beings.
Mestre
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Mullane, Aaron. „SUSTAINABLE MATERIALISM: Exploratory research on designing for reflection on materialistic behaviours in the domain of Interaction Design“. Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23527.
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To have sustainable lifestyles, individuals need to have support from physical and social infrastructures, as well as institutions, however the major decisions about a sustainable lifestyle are being made at individual and social levels. This research is an exploration into understanding the social influences that drive an individual’s materialistic behaviour, and using that understanding to develop interaction design solutions that reflect on materialism and promote sustainable behaviour and life- styles.An extensive literature review is conducted on various aspects of materialism from the product design, interaction design - that have focused on the material and performative nature of artefacts - and social innovation perspectives. Here, existing work, such as simplicity movements, have promoted the idea that an individual’s life can be more fulfilling if they engage in activities that are purposive and materially light. How- ever, since it has been difficult to convince large populations of the society about the benefits of sustainable living, sociology research provides a platform to understand how our perception of self and social surroundings impacts our lifestyles in materialistic ways. From this understanding , two stages of empirical studies were conducted for design material, firstly exploring the concept of materialism from a sharing and ownership perspective, and then, intervention based studies that gathered insight on the use of techniques that promote reflection on these behaviours. A set of rich insights were identified on methods for design that promote the reflection on materialistic behaviour; focusing predominantly on experiences and identity management. These in- sights are applied and presented in three service design concepts that were explored in a participatory workshop.
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Pihkala, S. (Suvi). „Touchable matters:reconfiguring sustainable change through participatory design, education, and everyday engagement for non-violence“. Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2018. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526218434.
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Abstract Sustainability is a catchword for contemporary concerns of environmental and societal vulnerability. Scholars, policymakers, designers, and educators alike find themselves knotted increasingly within fabrics of sustainability, approached as an object of concern in education and technoscientific projects. In relation, scholars drawing from posthuman and new materialist thinking have begun to re-imagine sustainability. Considering human subjectivity as part of the world in its ongoing, reiterative becoming has introduced new possibilities to rethink responsibility in and for sustainable change. This research is rooted in my engaged practices of participatory design and education on violence, violence prevention, and non-violence, which form the empirical research terrain of this study. This dissertation includes four articles that inquire into the practices in question by exploring possibilities for nurturing non-violence—and by scrutinising responsible participatory practices in design. This synopsis re-engages with the results presented in the articles mentioned and participates in calls to rethink sustainability. In order to reconsider sustainability in and for practices of sustainable change, I develop theoretical thinking based on response-ability and touch, as discussed by Karen Barad and Donna Haraway. Through a diffractive, affirmative engagement with sustainability in the engaged practices of change-making, I aim to unfold the affordances of feminist (new) materialist renegotiations of ethics and responsibility, in order to inform responsible participatory practices of change-making and, in particular, change towards non-violence. This research offers insight into the intricate ways sustainability reconfigures in and through practices of change-making in participatory design, education, and everyday engagements for non-violence. I begin by proposing a thinking and practice of response-able engagement. Then, through the idea of touchable matters, I foreground how the co-constituted conditions of ethically sustainable response become reconfigured in the designerly, the researcherly, the pedagogical, and other everyday practices, challenging for a shift to a new mode of entangled response-ability for sustainable change and towards non-violenceTiivistelmä Kestävyys on aikaamme läpileikkaava, sosiaalisiin ja ekologisiin epäkohtiin tarttuva haaste, joka yhdistää tutkijoita ja muita toimijoita moninaisina jaetun huolen ja interventioiden kohteina myös koulutuksellisissa ja teknotieteellisissä projekteissa. Posthumanistinen ja uusmaterialistinen ajattelu on haastanut ymmärryksiä kestävyydestä asettamalla inhimillisen toimijuuden erottamattomaksi osaksi maailman jatkuvia tulemisen ja tuottumisen prosesseja. Painopiste kestävyyden, muutoksen ja niihin liittyvien vastuullisuuksien tarkastelussa on siirtynyt arkisten käytänteiden moniulotteisiin kietoutuneisuuksiin. Väitöstutkimukseni sisältää neljä artikkelia, jotka perustuvat kahteen empiiriseen kokonaisuuteen. Työni aineisto on tuotettu tutkimalla työpaikkakiusaamiseen liittyvän osallistuvan suunnittelun vastuullisia käytänteitä sekä väkivaltaa, väkivallan ehkäisemistä ja väkivallattomuutta käsittelevää akateemista koulutusta. Väitöskirjaan sisältyvissä artikkeleissa olen tarkastellut pyrkimyksiä kohti väkivallattomuutta sekä muutokseen sitoutuneita ja siihen moninaisesti kietoutuvia käytänteitä. Työni yhteenveto-osassa työstän artikkeleissa esitettyjä osallistumista, refleksiivisyyttä, välittämistä ja väkivallattomuutta käsitteleviä tuloksia diffraktiivisesti. Työstämisen teoreettis-käsitteellisenä kumppanina toimivat Karen Baradin ja Donna Harawayn kosketusta ja vastuullisuutta käsittelevät keskustelut. Yhteenvedon tavoitteena on tarkastella feministisen (uus)materialistisen ajattelun mahdollisuuksia tuottaa uutta ymmärrystä kestävyydestä osana vastuullisia osallistuvia toimintatapoja muutoksen – ja erityisesti väkivallattomuuteen pyrkivän muutoksen – jokapäiväisissä käytänteissä. Kestävän muutoksen ja väkivallattomuuden mahdollisuudet tuottuvat osallistuvan suunnittelun, koulutuksen ja arjen käytänteissä moninaisin tavoin. Vastuullisuutta tarkastellessani esitän ajatuksen ”koskettavista kudelmista”, mikä kutsuu tunnistamaan, kuinka eettisen kestävyyden ja suhteisuuden mahdollisuudet ”kanssatuottuvat” arkisissa kohtaamisissa. Samalla se haastaa rakentamaan uudenlaista, tähän eettis-ontologiseen kietoutuneisuuteen sitoutunutta vastuullisuutta jokapäiväisissä suunnittelun, tutkimuksen, koulutuksen ja arjen pyrkimyksissä kohti kestävää muutosta ja väkivallattomuutta
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Teixeira, Ana Laura da Silva 1987. „Trabalho como princípio educativo : a história do debate no contexto brasileiro“. [s.n.], 2015. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/254043.
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Orientador: Olinda Maria NoronhaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação
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Resumo: O presente estudo tem como objetivo trazer a conhecimento os debates realizados em torno do conceito do trabalho como princípio educativo, sendo esse um construto teórico elaborado por Gramsci, e que vemos também em Saviani grandes apropriações. Para tanto, realizamos uma exposição das bases materiais brasileiras, em um recorte histórico feito da década de 1980 até os dias atuais, escolhido, devido ao fato do debate ter se iniciado nessa época, e ao longo da história ter se apresentado ora com maior, ora com menor visibilidade. Também explanamos sobre como se configura a educação nesse período, para que possamos entender em que contexto se dá a elaboração desses trabalhos. Como referencial metodológico, utilizamos o materialismo histórico dialético, por entender que, as condições materiais traçadas ao longo da história em nosso país nos permitem compreender as causas desse debate. O objetivo central é mostrar como se deu a trajetória desses aspectos em território nacional, mencionando alguns dos expressivos pensadores acerca do tema, entre eles: Paulo Sergio Tumolo, Sérgio Lessa, Ademir Quintilio Lazarini, Daniel Rodrigues e João Batista Zanardini. O debate tem como contexto de surgimento a década de 1980 após a ditadura militar, emergindo diante dos meios de veiculação das ideias pedagógicas, sendo que, nesse período não houve um debate propriamente dito, em que se confrontassem essas ideias, configurando-se assim, como um período de elaboração dessas ideias contra-hegemônicas. Conclui-se que, a partir da década de 1990, até os dias atuais, analisamos um contexto de profunda crise nas políticas públicas brasileiras, com o fracasso do socialismo real e a adesão brasileira aos ditames neoliberais, e a isso atribuímos o arrefecimento da discussão em torno do trabalho como princípio educativo, bem como o surgimento de algumas críticas que a ele se referem. Entretanto, essas críticas não propõem soluções práticas, de maneira que a classe trabalhadora possa se organizar mediante a aquisição de um conhecimento sistematizado, diferente disto, até o presente momento têm apenas fomentado publicações no meio acadêmico, e pouco contribuído para a construção de uma educação de qualidade
Abstract: This study aims to bring knowledge to the discussions around the concept of work as an educational principle, making a theoretical construct elaborated by Gramsci, and that we also see in Saviani large appropriations. To this end, we held an exhibition of Brazilian material bases on a historical portrait done of the 1980s to the present day, chosen due to the fact of having begun debate at that time, and throughout history have presented here more, now less visible. Also expounded on how to configure education in this period, for us to understand in what context gives himself to the preparation of these works. As methodological framework, we will use the dialectical historical materialism, understanding that the material conditions traced throughout history in our country allow us to understand the causes of this debate. The main objective is to show how was the trajectory of these aspects in the country, mentioning some of the significant thinkers on the subject, among them: Paulo Sergio Tumolo, Sergio Lessa, Ademir Quintilio Lazarini, Daniel Rodrigues and João Batista Zanardini. The debate has as contexto of outset the 1980s after the military dictatorship, emerging on the means of disclosure of the pedagogical ideas, and in this period there was no proper debate in which confront these ideas, and has thus, as a period of elaboration these counter-hegemonic ideas. It is concluded that , from the 1990s to the present day, we analyse the context of deep crisis in Brazilian public policies, with the failure of socialism and the Brazilian adherence to the neoliberal dictates, and this we attribute the cooling the discussion around work as an educational principle, as well as the emergence of some criticism that refer to it. However, these criticisms do not propose practical solutions so that the working class can be organized through the acquisition of systematized knowledge, different from this, until the present moment,has only fostered publications in academic circles, and little contributed to the construction of a quality education
Mestrado
Filosofia e História da Educação
Mestra em Educação
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Montes, Vargas Pablo. „La ontología materialista de Schopenhauer. Interpretación de la ontología schopenhaueriana desde las coordenadas del materialismo filosófico de Gustavo Bueno“. Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2015. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/133908.
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Tesis para optar al grado de Magíster en FilosofíaAutor no autoriza el acceso a texto completo de su documento.
Para llevar a cabo la interpretación de la ontología schopenhaueriana a partir de las coordenadas del materialismo filosófico, primero nos ocuparemos (capítulo I) de exponer grosso modo los elementos conceptuales necesarios, para esta tesis, del materialismo filosófico. Para cumplir nuestro propósito hemos explicitado la distinción entre ontología general y especial, esto es, la Idea de Materia y la Doctrina de los Tres Géneros de Materialidad, así como la noción de simploké. Seguido de ello, se han desarrollado sucintamente algunos elementos de la teoría de la historia de la filosofía del materialismo filosófico como también la recepción de la doctrina de Kant por parte del materialismo antes mencionado. Por último, se desarrollaran algunas ideas relativas a la interpretación fraccionaria que aparece en algunas de las obras del materialismo filosófico y, por último, las orientaciones conceptuales que nos ha hecho el mismo Gustavo Bueno para nuestra tesis. En el segundo y tercer capítulo hemos desarrollado nuestra interpretación: el desarrollo puede exponerse primero, a partir de la noción de cuerpo en Schopenhauer, porque pensamos que es el primer elemento materialista que se encuentra presente en el sistema ontológico del filósofo alemán, continuamos con la presencia de los Tres Géneros de Materialidad presentes en la ontología de Schopenhauer, para luego corresponder cada Género con una de las cuatro clase de objetos para el sujeto (cuádruple raíz de principio de razón suficiente). Además, leeremos la voluntad metafísica (la cosa en sí kantiana) a partir de la Idea de Materia del materialismo filosófico. Para concluir, nuestras ultimas estrategias consistirán en, a partir de algunos supuestos de la historia de la filosofía del materialismo filosófico, ofrecer una lectura de la sistematización de los elementos esenciales de la ontología de Schopenhauer a partir de nociones materialistas (materialismo filosófico), también ofreceremos algunas consideraciones sobre el rol de la representación y la materia determinada e indeterminada.
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Bueno, Aline Chitero [UNESP]. „A concepção de desenvolvimento sustentável nos parâmetros curriculares nacionais“. Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/90115.
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Esta proposta de trabalho originou-se da constatação do destaque que a discussão referente à temática ambiental tem recebido nos meios de comunicação, na comunidade científica e também no cotidiano do professor em sala de aula, através dos temas transversais propostos nos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais – PCN. Dentre os temas assim considerados encontra-se o ―meio ambiente‖, o qual explicita uma concepção de desenvolvimento sustentável, entendida como o possível caminho para o enfrentamento da problemática ambiental atual. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho é estudar a apropriação que o PCN realiza da concepção de desenvolvimento sustentável, bem como discutir seus limites e possibilidades frente à problemática ambiental. Esta pesquisa, de cunho teórico e bibliográfico, teve por ponto de partida aprofundar-se no conceito de desenvolvimento sustentável, a partir do conhecimento da concepção de desenvolvimento no modo de produção capitalista bem como a proposta de sustentabilidade que adjetiva o primeiro termo. Desta perspectiva verificou-se a seguinte contradição: desenvolvimento no capitalismo significa crescimento econômico, lucro, fundamentado na exploração do homem e da natureza; sustentabilidade inclui a preservação da natureza, a partir do uso racional dos recursos e qualidade de vida para todos. Diante de tal constatação vislumbrou-se que as discussões presentes nos PCN não contemplam tal contradição, apenas a tangenciam, propondo a utilização do termo sustentabilidade em detrimento ao desenvolvimento sustentável. Para esta análise abordou-se a questão a partir da contradição dialética entre as suas dimensões histórica, econômica e social no contexto ensino, com base nos fundamentos filosóficos, metodológicos e lógicos, expressos no...
The purpose of this work was originated from the notice of the emphasis the discussion related to environmental issues has received in the media, the scientific community and also in the routine of teachers in class through transversal themes suggested in the National Curriculum Parameters – NCP (in Portuguese, Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais – PCN). Among these so-called themes there is the ―environment‖, which exposes a conception of sustainable development that is understood as the possible way to facing the recent environmental debate. Thus, the goal of this work is to study the appropriation of sustainable development conception the NCP do, as well as to discuss its limits and possibilities related to environmental discussion. Having a theoretical e bibliographical basis, this research was initiated by going deeply in the concept of sustainable development. We started our work from the conception of development in the capitalist production mode, as well as the purpose of sustainability that qualifies the second term. From this perspective the following contradiction was perceived: development in capitalism means economic growing, profit, both based on human and nature exploitation; sustainability includes nature preservation by rational resources use and life quality for everyone. For this reasons, it was descried that the discussions of the NCP do not contemplate this contradiction, but merely allude to it, suggesting the use of the term sustainability instead of sustainable development. In order to proceed with this analysis, the problem was approached from the dialectical contradiction between its historical, economical and social dimensions in the teaching context, based on philosophical, methodological e logical fundaments expressed in dialectical historical materialism. It can be concluded that, despite the... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Miraldi, Juliana Closel 1986. „Pierre Bourdieu e a teoria materialista do simbólico“. [s.n.], 2015. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/279737.
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Orientador: Renato José Pinto OrtizDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas
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Resumo: A definição conceitual de campos sociais na praxeologia bourdieusiana implica considerá-los como entidades nominais relativamente autônomas, portadoras de um efeito de illusio próprio que se apresenta aos agentes como regras específicas, determinantes e determinadas por práticas historicamente constituídas no interior de cada campo que impõe aos agentes que nele se encontram certo savoir faire possibilitando, assim, a diferenciação e a homogeneização entre as práticas no espaço social. Contudo a propriedade dos campos de serem relativamente autônomos nos incita a questão, relativos a que? A resposta, mesmo que necessária, não pode ser encontrada de maneira clara nos escritos de Bourdieu, uma vez que este não se atentou diretamente a ela, porém fora possível, dando consequências conceituais aos princípios epistemológicos da teoria, desenvolver três condições a partir das quais os campos relacionam-se entre si. As duas primeiras apresentam-se com causalidades, isto é, como condição de existência da própria teoria e a terceira como uma determinação que, dado seu poder de interferência coage a lógica interna dos campos. Denominamos a primeira de causalidade de transitiva e percebemos que ela corresponde ao movimento de inter-relação entre os campos, decorrente tanto da movimentação dos agentes de um campo ao outro, quanto pela reestruturação dos campos em si mesmos que afetam outros campos. A segunda relação causal é apreendida como imanente a formação dos campos e se refere a política da luta de classes que, transformada pelas regras específicas de cada campo, apresenta uma homologia entre as posições de dominância nos campos específicos com a posição de dominância e acúmulo de capitais no espaço social. Por fim, o terceiro elemento determinante na dinâmica diferencial dos campos é o Estado que atua, segundo Bourdieu, com golpes de tirania nos campos dada a posição assumida e o poder acumulado historicamente por ele. Estas três condições que se efetivam simultaneamente nos permitem observar que a ideia de autonomia relativa entre os campos assegura a univocidade e a diferenciação específica no espaço social
Abstract: In Bourdieu's praxeology, the theoretical definition of social fields implies considering them relatively autonomous nominal entities carrying an illusio effect, which presents itself to agents as specific rules that both determine and are determined by historically constituted practices set into each field. Fields, in turn, impose a savoir-faire to their members, enabling the differentiation and homogenizing of practices in social space. However, if social fields are indeed relatively autonomous, the question raised is: relative to what? In spite of its centrality, the answer to this question is not to be found clearly in Bourdieu¿s writings, as the author did not face it directly. Nevertheless, given the conceptual consequences and epistemological principles of his theory, it is possible to draw three conditions through which social fields could relate to one another. First and second conditions are presented as causalities, meaning they are prerequisites for the theory itself. The third condition is a determination which, given its power of interference, coerces the internal logic of the fields. The first condition is hereby called transitional causality and it corresponds to the movement of inter-relation between the fields, originated in both the agents¿ movement from one field into the other and the fields¿ own process of restructuring that may as well affect other fields. The second causal relation is immanent to the formation of fields and it refers to the class struggle politics that presents a homology between dominant positions in specific fields and the dominant position of accumulating capitals in social space. Finally, the third determinant element in the differential dynamics of fields is the State, an actor who, according to Bourdieu, promotes hits of tyranny in fields given the position and power it has accumulated in the course of history. These three simultaneously effective conditions allow us to observe the idea of relative autonomy among fields and ensures the persistence of univocity and the specific differentiation in social space
Mestrado
Sociologia
Mestre em Sociologia
Bücher zum Thema "Materialismi"
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Murillo, Bartolomé Esteban. Aplicación Murillo: Materialismo, charitas, populismo = Murillo aplication : materialism, charity, populism. Sevilla: Instituto de la Cultura y las Artes de Sevilla (ICAS), Ayuntamiento de Sevilla, 2019.
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Graeve, Peter de. Gilles Deleuze en het materialisme. Zoetermeer: Klement, 2012.
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Brown, Robin Gordon, und James Ladyman. Materialism. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York : Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429259739.
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Nilges, Mathias, und Emilio Sauri, Hrsg. Literary Materialisms. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137339959.
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Yussof. Materialisme menggugat. Kota Bharu, Kelantan Darulnaim: Political Analysis and Strategic Development, 2005.
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Ramišvili, Noe. Istoriuli materializmi. 8. Aufl. Tʻbilisi: Sakʻartʻvelos parlamentis erovnuli bibliotʻeka, 2020.
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Bloch, Olivier. Le materialisme. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1985.
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Mikhaĭlovich, Burlat͡s︡kiĭ Fedor, Hrsg. Materialismo histórico. [S.l: s.n., 1985.
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Timpanaro, Sebastiano. Sul materialismo. 3. Aufl. Milano: Unicopli, 1997.
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Liria, Carlos F. El materialismo. Madrid: Síntesis, 1998.
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1
Yuva, Ayşe. „Materialism, Politics, and the History of Philosophy“. In Materialism and Politics, 293–312. Berlin: ICI Berlin Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37050/ci-20_16.
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The aim of this chapter is to analyse the political uses of the categorization of eighteenth-century French materialism as mechanistic and reductionist. Regardless of the current or outdated character of these materialisms, their rejection and the narratives that endorsed such judgments appear as partly ideological. Using several examples, this chapter will examine how this reductionist image of eighteenth-century French materialism was formed in the nineteenth century. It aims to show that the quarrels about materialism focused at that time on the question of a society’s dominant beliefs.
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Möser, Cornelia. „Materialism, Matter, Matrix, and Mater“. In Materialism and Politics, 203–14. Berlin: ICI Berlin Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37050/ci-20_11.
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This chapter compares two strands of thought that experienced a difficult translation into the French context: new materialism (NM) and the gender debates within feminism. In this chapter, I analyse the different notions of material, materialism, or materiality at stake in various NM approaches. Following this, I show that socialist feminism, materialist feminism, and NM only share a rejection of postmodernism and anti-naturalism. I claim that the very different understandings of materialism within these feminisms must have contributed to this tepid reception of new materialism in France.
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Filion-Donato, Émilie. „Psychodynamism of Individuation and New Materialism“. In Materialism and Politics, 233–52. Berlin: ICI Berlin Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37050/ci-20_13.
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In this chapter, I explore the possible benefits of combining an analysis of the psychodynamism of individuation with New Materialism. I contend that concepts such as dynamic objectivity and autonomy can help us to understand the specificity of human agential cuts proposed by New Materialism. This, in turn, opens up possible answers to ethical difficulties left entangled by New Materialism’s posthumanist approach to ethico-onto-epistem-ology.
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Wolf, Frieder Otto. „Materialism against Materialism“. In Materialism and Politics, 277–92. Berlin: ICI Berlin Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37050/ci-20_15.
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This text proposes to overcome the wide-spread error of dismissing Marx’s critique of all materialism before him as being reductionist and therefore philosophically and scientifically unacceptable. Instead, it attempts to create a non-reductionist understanding and practice of materialism in philosophy — especially by referring to key contributions by Althusser and Bhaskar and by criticizing the ‘materialist illusion’ of the early Marx — thereby articulating another key element of the ‘finite Marxism’ defended by the author.
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Demirović, Alex. „The Historicity of Materialism and the Critique of Politics“. In Materialism and Politics, 313–26. Berlin: ICI Berlin Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37050/ci-20_17.
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This chapter proposes one definition of critical materialism and a critique of politics based on several authors from Marx to Foucault. This critique occurs in several stages and unfolds as a criticism of universals such as human freedom, general interest, political rationality, or reconciled political community. The decisive materialist-historical question, then, is which of the different materialities is dominant at a certain point of time. I argue that Marx condemns politics as an illusion. He thought of ‘political reason’ as a form of ‘spiritualism’. Hence, critical materialism argues for a move away from the illusion of politics.
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Hearn, Jeff. „Materialism, New Materialisms and Critical Studies of Men and Masculinities“. In Posthumanism and the Man Question, 154–68. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003219613-15.
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Zwart, Hub. „Dialectical Materialism“. In Philosophy of Engineering and Technology, 67–109. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-84570-4_3.
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AbstractAlthough Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels strictly speaking never used the term, “dialectical materialism” refers to the philosophy of science and nature developed in (and on the basis of) their writings, emphasising the pivotal role of real-world socio-economic conditions (e.g. labour, class struggle, technological developments). As indicated by their correspondence (Marx & Engels, 1983), their collaboration represented a unique intellectual partnership which began in Paris in 1844 and continued after Marx’s death, when Engels took care of Marx’s legacy, notably the sprawling mass of manuscripts which he managed to transform into Volume II and III of Capital. While their joint effort (resulting in no less than 44 volumes of collected writings known as the Marx Engels Werke, published by Dietz Verlag Berlin) began as co-authorship, they eventually decided on a division of labour (with Marx focussing on Capital), although reading, reviewing, commenting on and contributing to each other’s writings remained an important part of their research practice. As a result of this division of labour, while Marx focussed on political economy, Engels dedicated himself to elaborating a dialectical materialist philosophy of nature and the natural sciences, resulting in works such as the Anti-Dühring and his unfinished Dialectics of Nature (published posthumously), although Engels (a voracious intellectual) wrote and published on may other topics as well, so that his output can be regarded as a dialectical materialist encyclopaedia in fragments. Again, although I will start with an exposition of dialectical materialism, my aim is not to contribute to scholarly discussions on dialectical materialism. My focus is on the how and now, and my aim is to explore how to practice dialectical materialism of technoscience today (cf. Žižek, 2014/2015, p. 1; Hamza, 2016, p. 163).
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Brown, Robin Gordon, und James Ladyman. „The heart of materialism“. In Materialism, 3–20. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York : Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429259739-1.
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Brown, Robin Gordon, und James Ladyman. „Materialist thought in the ancient world“. In Materialism, 21–48. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York : Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429259739-2.
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Brown, Robin Gordon, und James Ladyman. „The triumphs of materialism: the mechanical philosophy, the scientific revolution and the Enlightenment“. In Materialism, 49–68. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York : Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429259739-3.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKonferenzberichte zum Thema "Materialismi"
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ABRIL ACERO, EDUARDO. „Materialismo dialéctico y política. Reformulación de Slavoj Žižek.“ In IV Congreso Internacional Estética y Política: Poéticas del desacuerdo para una democracia plural. València: Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/cep4.2019.10506.
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Uno de los autores más prolíficos de las últimas décadas es sin duda Slavoj Žižek. Su propuesta política, se aleja de las posturas habituales de la izquierda, centradas en la defensa de lógicas de la diversidad, y propone la recuperación de un materialismo dialéctico fuerte, fundamentado en su lectura lacaniana de Hegel. Es importante, a mi parecer, analizar por un lado, la consistencia teórica de la versión del materialismo dialéctico propuesto por Žižek, pero no es menos importante, por el otro, responder a la cuestión acerca de «¿qué política debería defender hoy en día un materialista dialéctico?», pues reside en estos dos puntos la viabilidad de su pensamiento. En primer lugar, Žižek trata de posicionarse como materialista pero conservando la posibilidad de la acción política, lo que equivale a no caer, por un lado en un determinismo naturalista tan de moda hoy en día por parte de posiciones neurocientíficas, constructivistas y cognitivistas. Pero también se desvincula del materialismo dialéctico ortodoxo, al cual se refiere como la «perspectiva del juicio final». En segundo lugar, la respuesta del esloveno a la pregunta de qué acción política cabe desde el materialismo dialéctico, sin bien es en ocasiones ambigua, especialmente en su pretensión de recuperación del leninismo, parece apuntar a posiciones político–teológicas negativas, en el sentido del famoso lema del Bartleby de Melbille que Žižek hace suyo: «preferiría no hacerlo». No se trata de una re–fundación de cierta resistencia pasiva, sino que la apuesta Zizekiana tiene más que ver con la construcción de subjetividades capaces de romper con la seducción fetichista del capitalismo, punto en el cual el filósofo esloveno reivindica la herencia marxista, aunque reformulándola y ampliándola. Para Žižek, el fetichismo capitalista, delimitado inicialmente por Marx, abarca prácticamente la totalidad de las prácticas colectivas e institucionales, pero no sólo aquellas que se realizan desde un evidente componente libidinal del capitalismo, sino también aquellos procesos de construcción identitaria que nos permiten pensarnos nosotros mismos a distancia de tales fetiches. El materialismo dialéctico que propone, tiene la pretensión de traducirse en la construcción de subjetividades políticas que, tal como el Judío Job estaba dispuesto a experimentar la impotencia divina, se dispongan a reconocer que el capitalismo ya no tiene nada que ofrecernos.
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Johnson, Tait. „From Earth to Tower: The Materialist Philosophy of Twentieth-Century Aluminum Producers“. In 109th ACSA Annual Meeting Proceedings. ACSA Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.109.49.
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The history of aluminum production in the United States is a reflection upon tangible materials, shifting power plays for ecological resources in the context of rapidly-expanding consumerism, and the focus of this paper, the perceived revolutionary properties of aluminum. Aluminum producers believed that the material possessed an extraordinary ability to solve spatial problems, represent beauty, and ultimately bring prosperity. Within this context, producers and manu¬facturers competing in the architectural products market left an indelible mark on the built environment with a wide range of components. Cladding, however, is the most visible mark. This paper follows the process of aluminum cladding production from Bauxite mine to the installation of aluminum panels on two high rise towers in the mid-twentieth century: the Alcoa Tower, Pittsburgh, 1953, and Republic National Bank, Dallas, 1954. Increased scrutiny of this process reveals an underlying philosophy of materialism similar to contemporary philosophies of “New Materialisms” which advocate the abilities of materials outside of the human domain. The producers’ materialist beliefs helped substantiate their drive to extract raw materials at great expense and with much exhaustion of natural resources, which continues today. The process of twentieth-century aluminum production involved damming the world’s largest rivers for power, claiming resources on domestic and colonial lands, and the employment of human capital. Boosted significantly by war production, in which producers manufactured aluminum air¬craft parts, gun turrets and munitions, the postwar result was often a clean, lightweight and shiny aluminum panel, contrasting sharply with the gritty production process of mining, processing and manufacturing. Yet, this contrast is precisely a manifestation of the producers’ materialist philosophy, which maintained the properties of aluminum, liberated from the earth, could help bring about a prosperous future. Such a future was a leading marketing message of producers, promoted in so-called “homes of the future” and cities of aluminum, but also made in promises that aluminum could bring about prosperity. A tall, gleaming corporate tower of aluminum symbolized the producers’ claims about the agency of aluminum. Examining the archives of Alcoa and Reynolds – the two largest domestic aluminum producers of the twentieth century, this paper explains how producers’ beliefs about material agency underpinned the vast expansion of aluminum into the building products market. Aluminum spread widely from the mid-twentieth century onward, growing in use today on a global scale. Furthermore, this paper invites a deeper look at the ways in which the beliefs about the inherent abilities of materials motivated other material producers in their contribution to architectural modernism.
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Sturlaugson, Brent. „Supply Chain Materialism“. In 108th Annual Meeting Proceedings. ACSA Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.108.58.
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The goal of this paper is to unsettle prevailing assumptions of sustainability in architecture by analyzing the supply chain of building materials. By closely following the transformations of architectural materials and those that transform them, the tangible effects of design become more apparent (e.g. material extraction, environmental pollution, waste streams), and the intangible forces become more visible (e.g. economic incentives, labor abuses, political spending). The paper begins by outlining several theoretical and representational challenges of supply chains, followed by examples of how these ideas can be applied in teaching and practice. Methods of representing supply chains fall into two categories. The first category documents supply chains in abstract or distanced representations, in what Donna Haraway might call “a view from nowhere.” These often take the form of maps, diagrams, or explanatory text that attempt to communicate the networked topology of material production. However, the comprehensive ambition of these representations often com¬promises their affective appeal. The second category adopts a momentary or situated representational strategy, often in the form of installations, images, or narrative text. These representations aim to highlight specific spaces or embodied relationships that speak to the character of the process, what Haraway might consider the “partial perspectives” that offer a more visceral understanding of a process. These types of representations, however, often risk underselling the extent to which decisions affect distributed sites and relationships. To better grasp the impacts of design, this paper argues for hybrid approaches that draw from both methodological categories. It explores these ideas by describing the format and content of a graduate seminar called “Supply Chain Materialism.” The course itself is structured as a specula¬tive supply chain. At the beginning of the semester, students select an everyday construction material (e.g. steel, concrete, glass, plastic, wood, brick, silicone) and document its trans¬formations alongside the weekly theme. Paired with this independent research, the course offers a range of theories that help frame a more critical understanding of sustainability, drawing on texts in architecture and other spatial disciplines. The course also presents a catalog of spatial practices that align with different stages in the supply chain, including art installations, activist demonstrations, architectural projects, curated exhibitions, and performances. Throughout the semester, students demonstrate their understanding of the course content through three representational techniques. First, students make collages using images clipped from trade magazines. These collages exploit the disjointed nature of material production by juxtaposing images of the seemingly dissociated sites, actors, and effects. Second, they create a narrative that documents specific activities involved in each stage of production of their selected material. Third, students design a folly that highlights the invisible aspects of their reconstructed supply chain. By creating a useless object out of a useful material, the folly seeks to challenge notions about the ubiquitous materiality of building design through techniques of estrangement, hesitation, or defamiliarization. Ultimately, the course exposes students to a broadened conception of sustainability and a widened field for intervention through a careful examination of the supply chain of mate¬rial production.
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Utami, Nurintan Sri. „Materialism among Indonesia Adolescents“. In Proceedings of the 4th ASEAN Conference on Psychology, Counselling, and Humanities (ACPCH 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/acpch-18.2019.47.
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Hoeg, Darren. „New Materialisms in High School Science“. In 2021 AERA Annual Meeting. Washington DC: AERA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/1689553.
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Kongsompong, Kritika, Rochelle Powtong und Sankar Sen. „Ethnocentrism, materialism, social influence, and collectivism“. In the 3rd international conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1841853.1841899.
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CHumakov, V. A. „On the issue of protecting materialism“. In SCIENCE OF RUSSIA: TARGETS AND GOALS. "Science of Russia", 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/sr-10-08-2019-48.
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Sever, Grama Iuliu. „The Romanian Materialism-Postmaterialism Ratio - Comparative Analysis“. In 8th International Conference - "EDUCATION, REFLECTION, DEVELOPMENT". European Publisher, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2021.03.02.8.
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Bigolin, Ricarda. „Vital materialism design methodologies for social change“. In Nordes 2015: Design Ecologies. Nordes, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21606/nordes.2015.041.
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Workman, Jane E., Seung-Hee Lee und Yuli Liang. „Social Media Engagement, Gender, Materialism, and Money Attitudes“. In Pivoting for the Pandemic. Iowa State University Digital Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa.12084.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBerichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Materialismi"
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Manchiraju, Srikant, und Zlatan Krizan. What’s Materialism? Testing the Two Dominant Perspectives on Materialism. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-515.
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Joung, Hyun-Mee. Materialism and Clothing Post-Purchase Behaviors. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-833.
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Manzi, Maya. More-Than-Human Conviviality-Inequality in Latin America. Maria Sibylla Merian Centre Conviviality-Inequality in Latin America, Dezember 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46877/manzi.2020.29.
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In the context of our current planetary crises, in a world that continues to be shaped by capitalist, colonialist, androcentric and anthropocentric visions, we are faced with the urgency of reconsidering, at the deepest levels, the way we relate with other human and nonhuman beings. This working paper aims to contribute towards that end by looking at human-nonhuman relations through the concept of conviviality, understood as the everyday living together with difference, and how it intersects with inequality. In the first part of this paper, more-than-human conviviality-inequality is investigated by critically analyzing onto-epistemological and methodological approaches that question, subvert or reproduce hegemonic thinking and worldviews on humannonhuman relations like historical materialism, new materialisms, transhumanism, posthumanisms, and indigenous relational ontologies. In the second part, I look at particular relational dimensions like incompleteness, translation, and affect, which can help us create new understandings of more-than-human conviviality-inequality in Latin America and beyond.
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Wikoff, Robin. Materialism, Personal Food Projects, and Satisfaction: A Phenomenological Study of Urban Gardening in Portland, Oregon. Portland State University Library, Januar 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.1039.
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Mohamed Helmy, Aya. Shipyards in Egypt Between Antiquity, the Present, and the Future. Honor Frost Foundation, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.33583/mags2021.05.
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Shipyards in Egypt played an extensive role in building the Egyptian civilization through the ages. Significant archaeological excavations at several sites in Egypt have revealed the remains of shipyards dating back to antiquity. Studies of Egyptian shipyards in different environments utilizing ethnographic research, have revealed the main features of Egyptian shipyards and the region’s shipbuilding industry. Shipyards reflect both the materialistic aspect represented in tools and material, and the cultural aspect represented by labourers and builders; therefore, studying Egyptian shipyards illustrates significant evidence about the outlook of the shipbuilding industry in Egypt.
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Filiz, Ibrahim, Jan René Judek, Marco Lorenz und Markus Spiwoks. Einhorn, Yeti, Nessie und der neoklassische Markt – Legenden und empirische Evidenz. Sonderforschungsgruppe Institutionenanalyse, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46850/sofia.9783947850020.
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The neoclassical market model still has a decisive influence on important economic policy decisions today. A central role in this model is played by the formation of equilibrium prices, where aggregate supply functions and aggregate demand functions meet. We examine whether equilibrium prices are actually formed. For this purpose, we analyse 2,217 prices for homogeneous products that were collected by students between October 2020 and May 2022 in stationary and online retail. In 143 of 146 cases, no equilibrium price is found. The percentage price range is regularly over 100%. The presumed steering function of an equilibrium price does not materialise. The establishment of market mechanisms for the efficient solution of economic problems must therefore be questioned.
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Pradelli, Juan Jose, Kimberly Waithe, Inder J. Ruprah, Dillon Clarke, Shamar Blenman, Jeetendra Khadan, Chrystol Thomas, Juan Pedro Schmid und Mark D. Wenner. Caribbean Region Quarterly Bulletin: Volume 5, Issue 2: June 2016. Inter-American Development Bank, Juni 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008139.
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A moniker often invoked to describe the Caribbean is: "high debt, low growth." It was never completely true. Today it may have become so. The tourism countries, Jamaica, Barbados, and The Bahamas, are still in distress from the tailwinds from the world crisis of 2009. The commodity-exporting countries, Guyana, Suriname, and Trinidad and Tobago, relatively unscathed by that crisis, face strong headwinds as the international commodity boom wanes. In this overview of the region we explore answers to four questions: Is public debt too high? If so, what should be the change in the fiscal stance? How would higher economic growth help? Are fiscal buffers adequate in case downside risks in the world economy materialise?
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Nunes, João, und Sérgio Lagoa. Lessons from the collapse of two banks in Portugal: Implications for banking management and regulation. DINÂMIA'CET-Iscte, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.15847/dinamiacet-iul.wp.2023.04.
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It is almost 10 years since one of Portugal’s five largest banks, BES, was subject to a bank resolution measure. In 2015, another large bank, BANIF, followed the same path. Now that some time has passed and the full consequences of the resolutions materialised, it is time to reflect on the causes of the crises at these two banks and to draw lessons for the future. In addition to looking into the relevant literature, official company reports, parliamentary inquiries, newspapers and other public information, we examine whether key financial ratios could have raised a red flag. We conclude that the collapses were explained by a mixture of macrostructural causes and above all bank-specific factors. The two cases are good illustrations of the negative effects of financialisation in the Portuguese economy. The key profitability and risk indicators provided some timely indications of the problems facing the two banks.
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Matita, Mirriam, Ephraim Wadonda Chirwa, David Zingwe und Jacob Mazalale. Use of Climate-Smart Agriculture Practices and Smallholder Farmer Market Participation in Central Malawi. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), Februar 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2022.003.
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In the past few decades, climate-smart agriculture (CSA) has been promoted to improve food security and raise incomes as a strategy for sustainable agricultural development. The adoption rates among smallholder farmers, particularly in Africa, remain low and have varied in different contexts. We investigated the market participation spill over effects from the adoption of CSA practices in central Malawi. We tested the hypothesis that the extent of the use of CSA practices in the past 10 years can lead to production surpluses that enable smallholder farmers to participate in markets and thereby increase agricultural incomes. The findings suggest, among others, the need to intensify efforts to promote CSA adoption specifically over a longer period for benefits of the technologies to materialise. The adoption of CSA practices over time enhances crop market participation – an important aspect required for production sustainability as well as for transforming agriculture towards greater market orientation among smallholder farmers.
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Wilkinson, Annie, Hayley MacGregor, Ian Scoones, Megan Schmidt-Sane, Melissa Leach, Peter Taylor, Santiago Ripoll, Shandana Khan Mohmand, Syed Abbas und Tabitha Hrynick. Pandemic Preparedness for the Real World: Why We Must Invest in Equitable, Ethical and Effective Approaches to Help Prepare for the Next Pandemic. Institute of Development Studies, März 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/cc.2023.002.
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The cost of the Covid-19 pandemic remains unknown. Lives directly lost to the disease continue to mount, while related health, livelihood and wellbeing impacts are still being felt, and the wider ramifications across society, politics and the economy are yet to fully materialise. What is known about these costs though, is that they have been unequally distributed both within and between countries. Preparedness plans proved inadequate in many settings – especially when it came to protecting those most vulnerable, including those marginalised by geography, poverty, or exclusion along the lines of religion, ethnicity or gender. The top-down, surge-style, biomedically dominated and technologically driven preparedness approach that has dominated global health thinking and which was propelled into action with Covid-19 was found wanting not only on the grounds of effectiveness, but also of social justice. This presents both a challenge and an opportunity for a convergence of the preparedness and development agendas. Drawing on a growing body of social science evidence, this report contends that securing health in the face of today’s uncertain disease threats in often unpredictable settings means making social, economic and political priorities as core to the preparedness agenda as biological and technological ones. We present here a framework for a vision of pandemic preparedness for the real world – one that accepts that context is paramount, embraces inclusivity and justice, shifts power centres and rejects simplistic, one-size-fits-all solutions.