Zeitschriftenartikel: „Material ontology“

1

莫, 东林. „Material Ontology Is the Ontology of Marxist Philosophy“. Advances in Social Sciences 05, Nr. 05 (2016): 801–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/ass.2016.55113.

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2

Valaski, Joselaine, Sheila Reinehr und Andreia Malucelli. „An ontology to support the classification of learning material in an organizational learning environment“. Interactive Technology and Smart Education 14, Nr. 1 (18.04.2017): 67–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/itse-11-2016-0044.

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Purpose The purpose of this research was to evaluate whether ontology integrated in an organizational learning environment may support the automatic learning material classification in a specific knowledge area. Design/methodology/approach An ontology for recommending learning material was integrated in the organizational learning environment based on ontology. An experiment was performed with 15 experts and 84 learners. Experts and learners were asked to classify 30 learning material related to Software Engineering area. The results obtained from experts and learners were compared with the ontology results. Findings Among 30 learning materials evaluated, 24 learning materials got closer to the expert classification using the ontology than using the learners’ manual classification. The learners had difficulties in correctly classifying the learning materials according to the knowledge area applied. Originality/value In an autonomous collaborative environment without a tutor responsible for organizing the learning materials shared by collaborators, an ontology may be an auxiliary mechanism to support automatic learning material classification. The proposed ontology uses recommendations given by the collaborators to get the correct knowledge area classification. The correct classification may support retrieval of appropriate learning materials according to the learners’ needs.

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3

Olson, Eric T. „The Ontology of Material Objects“. Philosophical Books 43, Nr. 4 (Oktober 2002): 292–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0149.00271.

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4

Ismail, Khairul Nurmazianna, Fadzlin Ahmadon und FADILAH EZLINA SHAHBUDIN. „Instructional Material Development using Ontology Learning“. Social and Management Research Journal 15, Nr. 2 (03.12.2018): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/smrj.v15i2.4969.

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In a university setting, lecturers are instructional designers responsible todesign and develop instructional materials to be used in class. Textbooksand presentation slides are among the sources used in the delivery ofknowledge. However, in order to facilitate different students’ learning styles,alternatives for textbooks must be considered, allowing the course contentto be organised in smaller chunks. This paper describes the developmentontology process using ontology learning technique. Ontology is a set ofknowledge which contains objects, concepts, entities, and the relationshipsamong them in a particular domain. In this study, the course chosen toanalyse the development of ontology is Fundamentals of Computer Science(CSC401). This is an introductory course taken by students during semesterone in the Faculty of Computer and Mathematical Sciences. Textbook is thesource used in developing this ontology. The technique chosen in this studyis a semi-automatic ontology development that can accelerate the processof producing a new ontology, while the development phases involved arethe ‘extraction of important concepts’ and ‘representation of ontology’.The result shows that an ontology can be represented in the form of visualgraph such as mind map. This matches the learning preference of visuallearners and enrich their learning experiences.

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Ouyang, Chun Ping, Chang Jun Hu, Zhen Yu Liu und Yang Li. „Design and Realization of Materials Service Safety Assessment System Based on Ontology“. Advanced Materials Research 186 (Januar 2011): 94–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.186.94.

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Material is the foundation of engineering construction, and materials service safety assessment is an important issue for public security. The data required for materials service safety assessment have the characteristic of multi-source and geographic related. According to this characteristic and the demand of service safety assessment, ontology-based materials service safety assessment system (OMSA) is proposed to provide a unified semantic model based on ontology and a visual assessment tool based on GIS for materials service safety assessment. Ontology building, ontology-based semantic query, and GIS are the key technologies for design and realization of safety assessment system. Thereby, the combination of these technologies may take respective advantages for materials service safety assessment, and latent semantic information of material service performance data can be explicitly shown in the visual GIS environment.

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Leshcheva, Irina, und Dmitry Leshchev. „Ontology as mapping of material world“. SHS Web of Conferences 44 (2018): 00055. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20184400055.

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This paper reviews currently available approaches and methods of automated population and enrichment of ontologies or ontology-based knowledge bases by structured data stored in various heterogeneous sources. Advantages and disadvantages of each approach are pointed out. The results of the analysis allow concluding that the existing methods are not effective enough to solve practical problems. A new method suggested does not have any of the specified disadvantages. The suggested method allows integrating data from different types of sources and considering the distributed nature of data and the necessity of authentication during accessing network resources. The method also suggests a solution to the problem of integrated data conflict resolution so that it will reduce the complexity of populating and enriching ontologies using the collected data arrays, irrespective of the format in which data are stored or represented.

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Namestnikov, A. M., N. D. Pirogova und A. A. Filippov. „An approach to the automatic linguistic ontology construction to determine the interests of social networks users“. Ontology of Designing 11, Nr. 3 (30.09.2021): 351–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.18287/2223-9537-2021-11-3-351-363.

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Social networks provide researchers with the opportunity to obtain an array of text data for further analysis within a certain subject area. Each subject area has its own specific professional vocabulary and writing style. When defining the subject area of text material there is a big problem with building dictionaries, thesauri, and ontologies. In this article a linguistic ontology is considered under ontology and which is aimed to determine the subject area of text material. An algorithm for the automatic construction of an ontology based on the Wikidata knowledge graph is presented. The task is to map a set of objects of the Wikidata knowledge graph to a set of entities of a linguistic ontology. The article pro-poses an algorithm for determining the degree of belonging of the text material to the subject area. Experiments on assessing the time of building an ontology and the applicability of the obtained linguistic ontologies to the problem of determining the degree of belonging of text materials in the subject area have shown: the running time of the algorithm and the number of terms in the formed ontology are directly proportional to the number of analyzed properties and Wikidata objects; the formed linguistic ontology is applicable to the problem of determining the degree of belonging of a text to a subject area

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Zhang, Li, Da Li Jiang, Ya Rong Ju, Qian Zhu Wang und Pei Pei Li. „Managing Emergency Material Distribution Knowledge Using Ontology-Based Modeling for Emergency Distribution Decision“. Advanced Materials Research 605-607 (Dezember 2012): 2337–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.605-607.2337.

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Aiming at the knowledge representation problem in emergency logistics, this paper presents an ontology-based modeling framework for emergency distribution decision. The suggested ontology model includes the meta-ontology, the domain ontology and the upper relationship, and it can be extended to meet the various requirements in emergency logistics application. As an illustrative example, an instance of Location Routing Problem (LRP) is defined using proposed ontology model, and a rule-based reasoning experiment is developed with Jena. The result of experiment demonstrates the effectiveness of the ontology modeling framework, which can be used as an important complement to traditional optimization methods for emergency distribution decision.

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C. Mocombe, Paul. „The Ontology of The Absolute Vacuum“. Hospital and Clinical Management 1, Nr. 1 (22.12.2022): 01–05. http://dx.doi.org/10.58489/2836-2292/001.

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This article highlights the ontological nature of the absolute vacuum in Mocombe’s phenomenological structuralism and consciousness field theories. Mocombe posits that the human mind or consciousness is presented with brute facts, relations, and things of the multiverse, which it attempts to reify and universalize through concepts of language, mathematics, and social structure. The facts, relations, and things of the world emanate from what Mocombe calls the absolute vacuum, a nonlocal and nonspatial material substance (subatomic particles) where all of the information, including consciousness, of the multiverse are one, existing as a probability wavefunction, and recycled to reproduce entangled and superimposed material worlds. It (the absolute vacuum) is, as the Eleatic philosophers posited about the void, one, whole, uncreated, and limited.

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C. Mocombe, Paul. „The Ontology of The Absolute Vacuum“. Clinical Trials and Bioavailability Research 1, Nr. 1 (29.12.2022): 01–04. http://dx.doi.org/10.58489/2836-5836/001.

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This article highlights the ontological nature of the absolute vacuum in Mocombe’s phenomenological structuralism and consciousness field theories. Mocombe posits that the human mind or consciousness is presented with brute facts, relations, and things of the multiverse, which it attempts to reify and universalize through concepts of language, mathematics, and social structure. The facts, relations, and things of the world emanate from what Mocombe calls the absolute vacuum, a nonlocal and nonspatial material substance (subatomic particles) where all of the information, including consciousness, of the multiverse are one, existing as a probability wavefunction, and recycled to reproduce entangled and superimposed material worlds. It (the absolute vacuum) is, as the Eleatic philosophers posited about the void, one, whole, uncreated, and limited.

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Cabrera R., Omar E., Jimmy M. Guerrero R., Mauricio F. Benavides und Ricardo Timar an Pereira. „SWA: ontología para la gestión de conocimiento sobre trabajos de grado“. Revista Ontare 1, Nr. 2 (17.09.2015): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.21158/23823399.v1.n2.2013.1228.

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ONTARE. REVISTA DE INVESTIGACIÓN DE LA FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍAEste artículo presenta los resultados obtenidos en el proyecto de inves- tigación que tiene como objetivo la construcción de una ontología sobre los trabajos de grado de los estudiantes de pregrado de la Universidad de Nariño (Colombia), utilizando la herramienta de Software libre Protege. Esta ontología denominada SWA, permite soportar la búsqueda inteligente de información sobre trabajos de grado. La metodología contempló cuatro fases; la primera fase, apropió el conocimiento sobre Web semántica, ontologías y la herramienta. En la segunda fase, diseñó y definió los dife- rentes componentes de la ontología; en la tercera fase, se implementó SWA con protege y finalmente, se realizaron pruebas y se evaluaron los resultados. De acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos, SWA se podría ajustar al dominio de la biblioteca de la Universidad de Nariño para ser utilizada como soporte a la búsqueda inteligente de cualquier material bibliográfico. ABSTRACTThis article shows the outcomes of a research which aims at building up an ontology based on the thesis projects of undergraduate students at Universidad de Nariño in Colombia, using Free software too/ cal/ed Protegé. This Sawa ontology al/ows the support of information intelligent search of thesis projects. The methodology shows tour stages. In the first stage, appropriate knowledge was acquired based on semantic web, ontologies and Protégé too/. In the second stage, we design and define the different components of Sawa ontology In the third stage, Sawa ontology was implemented using the Protegé free too/, and final/y, in the /ast stage, we test and evaluate outcomes. According to these outcomes, the Sawa ontology cou/d be adjusted according to the library domain of Universidad de Nariño in arder to use it as a support for an intelligent search of any bibliographic material.

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Schtein, Sergey Yu. „ONTOLOGY OF CINEMA AND DEONTOLOGIZATION OF CINEMATOGRAPHIC MATERIAL“. RSUH/RGGU Bulletin. Series Philosophy. Social Studies. Art Studies, Nr. 1 (2015): 130–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-6401-2015-1-130-138.

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O’Neil, Joy Kcenia. „Transformative Sustainability Learning Within a Material-Discursive Ontology“. Journal of Transformative Education 16, Nr. 4 (28.08.2018): 365–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541344618792823.

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In this article, sustainability education is defined within the three orders of change—education about, for, and as sustainability. The third-order change, education as sustainability is defined as transformative sustainability education—an ontological change in how humans and the material world relate. The dominant higher educational paradigm tends to educate about subject matter (i.e., sustainability) distanced from material and focuses on individual human cognition. This does not go far enough to enact sustainable change. Rather, a human and nonhuman materialization within teaching and learning is explained through agential realism, as conceptualized by Barad. The author narrates her way through her own transformative learning journey as an environmental science and sustainability educator going from a reductionist paradigm instructor into a relationality paradigm educator living into sustainability. From dualist teaching in environmental and human health where the study of food was an object, she undertook teaching and research on the pedagogy of food as a material subject. The findings explore the practice of agential realism in relation to the field of transformative sustainability education, namely, that teaching and learning intra-actively engages body, mind, and all material, including food, water, soil, trees, people, and communities. This is a profoundly transformative pedagogic shift in higher education. Whether we teach sustainability-related subject matter or not, a relational ontology of teaching and learning has the potential to create the conditions for a transformative learning process through an iterative reconfiguring of our relationality—moving towards a social and ecologically sustainable society.

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Redgate, Roger. „The ontology of the work: exploring the creative discourse“. Contemporary Musicology, Nr. 2 (2019): 43–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.56620/2587-9731-2019-2-043-059.

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How do we understand the ontology of a work from its initial inception in the mind of a composer, to the final realisation in performance? This creative discourse is often more complex than at first appears. What is the nature of the unformed material; is this a specific apprehension of sound, an image or an extra musical reference? To what degree is this material then mediated by its own possibility in notation or even determined by various structural processes? Further, what are the relationships obtaining between notation and interpretation seen as potential form building elements; are there structures inherent in notation, which elicit material beyond a simple representation and if so, how might a composer exploit this as part of the work structure? This paper will examine the nature of the creative discourse in relation to my own compositional practice, which focuses on the symbiotic relationship between complex pre-compositional processes, notational potential and a more intuitive scanning of the material.

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Graham, Andrew. „Does Ontology Matter?“ Disputatio 6, Nr. 38 (01.05.2014): 67–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/disp-2014-0004.

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Abstract In this paper, I argue that various disputes in ontology have important ramifications and so are worth taking seriously. I employ a criterion according to which whether a dispute matters depends on how integrated it is with the rest of our theoretical projects. Disputes that arise from previous tensions in our theorizing and have additional implications for other issues matter, while insular disputes do not. I apply this criterion in arguing that certain ontological disputes matter; specifically, the disputes over concrete possible worlds and coincident material objects. Finally, I consider how one could show that some ontological disputes do not matter, using a Platonism/nominalism dispute as an example.

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Wang, Hei-Chia, und Chien-Wei Hsu. „Teaching-Material Design Center: An ontology-based system for customizing reusable e-materials“. Computers & Education 46, Nr. 4 (Mai 2006): 458–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2005.09.005.

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17

Cuccia, Emiliano Javier. „La ontología del mundo material de Tomás de Aquino según Jeffrey E. Brower“. Logos. Anales del Seminario de Metafísica 53 (05.08.2020): 178–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/asem.70843.

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El artículo analiza críticamente la propuesta contenida en el libro Aquinas’s Ontology of the Material World. Change, Hylomorphism, and Material Objects de Jeffrey E. Brower. Se sintetizan algunos de los puntos principales de la obra ero, particularmente, se evalúa el núcleo de su propuesta, consistente en poner en diálogo las ideas tomasinas acerca del mundo natural con las propuestas de la ontología contemporánea. Se evidencia que, más allá de las intenciones, el autor no consigue cumplir con lo proyectado en tanto parece ejercer en algunos puntos cierta violencia interpretativa contra conceptos centrales de la filosofía del Aquinate. Se concluye que dicha violencia es consecuencia de pretender circunscribir tales conceptos dentro de un contexto epistemológico radicalmente distinto como es el de la ontología contemporánea.

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Schatzki, Theodore. „Materiality and Social Life“. Nature and Culture 5, Nr. 2 (01.06.2010): 123–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/nc.2010.050202.

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An important issue in contemporary social theory is how social thought can systematically take materiality into account. This article suggests that one way social theory can do so is by working with an ontology that treats materiality as part of society. The article presents one such ontology, according to which social phenomena consist in nexuses of human practices and material arrangements. This ontology (1) recognizes three ways materiality is part of social phenomena, (2) holds that most social phenomena are intercalated constellations of practices, technology, and materiality, and (3) opens up consideration of relations between practices and material arrangements. A brief practice-material history of the Kentucky Bluegrass region where the author resides illustrates the idea that social phenomena evince changing material configurations over time.

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Khdour, T., und Ibrahim Tadros. „An Upper Ontology for E-Learning Material Semantic Annotations“. Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology 6, Nr. 22 (05.12.2013): 4305–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.19026/rjaset.6.3548.

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Zhang, Yingzhong, Xiaofang Luo, Yong Zhao und Hong-chao Zhang. „An ontology-based knowledge framework for engineering material selection“. Advanced Engineering Informatics 29, Nr. 4 (Oktober 2015): 985–1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aei.2015.09.002.

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21

Ghibaudi, Elena, und Luigi Cerruti. „Chemical substance, material, product, goods, waste: a changing ontology“. Foundations of Chemistry 19, Nr. 2 (03.05.2017): 97–123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10698-017-9281-8.

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Schtein, Sergey Yu. „ONTOLOGY OF EXHIBITION ACTIVITY“. Articult, Nr. 3 (2020): 6–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2227-6165-2020-3-6-25.

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The article is devoted to theoretical modeling of the ontology of exhibition activity. The meaningful “frame” for expressing the desired ontology is the methodological presentation of activity. The method of schematization is used as the main tool for the formal expression of content. The methodological basis for theoretical modeling is the activity approach, the genetically constructive approach, the ontologization method and the constant method. In the construction special attention paid to the main variants of the source material of the exhibition activity and its product, as well as to the subject who perceives the exhibition in the conditions of its functioning. The resulting methodological construction can be used in theoretical studies of various aspects related to exhibition activity and in work that directly implies the implementation of the exhibition activity itself.

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Kudba, V. N. „BRUNO LATOUR’S ONTOLOGY“. Juvenis scientia, Nr. 8 (30.08.2018): 40–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.32415/jscientia.2018.08.10.

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The article concerns the material developed by the French sociologist and philosopher Bruno Latour. On the example of a number of works belonging to the field of researches called actor-network theory, the author, not setting out to consider the entire theoretical project of Latour on redefining the ontological foundations of social science, undertakes only an attempt to describe the ontology created by the French researcher. The author analyzes a number of key theoretical principles in the concept of Bruno Latour, which are intimately associated with certain ontological assumptions. Consideration of the main ontological categories and concepts involving in a number of B. Latour's texts (actor-network, irreduction, hybrid and others of the kind) is performed to show that the ontology explicated in the works of the French theorist can be regarded as flat ontology. To them, in addition to the ontology of Bruno Latura, it is often added the ontological constructions of M. Delanda, G. Harman, L. Bryant. The author refers to a comparative comparison of the ontologies of B. Latour and M. Deland, produced by the American philosopher, Graham Harman, complementing the analysis of the Laturian ontology with a set of characterizing features. Concluding the review, the author summarizes the consideration of Bruno Latour’s ontology, noting the realism, anti-essentialism and actualism of the philosophical construction of the aforementioned French researcher.

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DJIDJIAN, Robert, und Hasmik HOVHANNISYAN. „An Аxiomatic System of Philosophical Ontology“. WISDOM 26, Nr. 2 (25.06.2023): 7–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.24234/wisdom.v26i2.1029.

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For the first time in the history of philosophy, this article presents an axiomatic system of philosophical ontology intending to demonstratively solve “eternal” questions related to the most fundamental problems of human cognition of the natural (material) world. The corresponding system of axioms and definitions of philosophical ontology is proposed. Proofs of the first 20 theorems of axiomatic ontology are presented as solutions to traditional and modern aporias (incompatible alternatives) of ontology. Finally, the principles and most general laws of modern physics, including the Microworld and cosmology, are used as an empirical base of the theoretical system of philosophical ontology.

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Erekaev, V. D. „ONTOLOGY OF LOOPED QUANTUM GRAVITY. HINGES“. Metaphysics, Nr. 3 (15.12.2021): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2224-7580-2021-3-63-69.

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Some ontological aspects of the theory of loop quantum gravity are considered. First of all, its possible nature of one of the fundamental objects of theory - the quantum loop - is discussed. In particular, the possible material, geometric and instrumentalist interpretations of this object are briefly considered.

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Niederbacher, Bruno. „Jeffrey E. Brower: Aquinas’s Ontology of the Material World: Change, Hylomorphism, and Material Objects“. Faith and Philosophy 33, Nr. 1 (2016): 109–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/faithphil201633155.

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Farris, Joshua. „Jeffrey E. Brower: Aquinas’s ontology of the material world: Change, hylomorphism, and material objects“. International Journal for Philosophy of Religion 79, Nr. 3 (15.03.2016): 301–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11153-016-9563-4.

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Rosiak, Marek. „Existential Analysis in Roman Ingarden's Ontology“. Forum Philosophicum 12, Nr. 1 (01.06.2007): 119–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.35765/forphil.2007.1201.08.

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Ingarden conceives ontology as a philosophia prima, which deals with being as purely possible (it complies with the essentialistic tradition of Duns Scotus and Wolff). It is an intuitive (anschaulich) and a priori analysis of the content of the relevant ideas (rein apriorische Analyse der Ideengehalte). It consists of three parts: existential, formal and material ontology. Existential ontology deals with the possible modes of existence (Seinsweise). Problems of factual existence pertain to metaphysics, which is a separate branch of theoretical philosophy, based on ontology.

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Ashino, Toshihiro, und Mitsutane Fujita. „Definition of a web ontology for design-oriented material selection“. Data Science Journal 5 (2006): 52–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2481/dsj.5.52.

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周, 天合. „On the Development of Material Ontology in The German Ideology“. Advances in Philosophy 13, Nr. 03 (2024): 413–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/acpp.2024.133062.

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Avchenko, Oleg V. „Not Observed Ontology“. Voprosy Filosofii, Nr. 1 (2020): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21146/0042-8744-2021-1-37-43.

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Two narratives – natural science and religious, intersect in the area of unobservable ontology – an immaterial, transcendental, but real area that paradoxically exists outside and inside ordinary physical space-time. It is assumed that mathematical constructs, physical laws, physical constants, quantum objects, and even biological laws can be associated with this area. It is argued that physical laws are not invented by man, but are discovered, since they contain physical constants measured in special experimental works. Universal constants were not invented for reasons of convenience – physics accepts them as an inevitable consequence of the coincidence of the results of all special measurements. Observational data are presented that indicate an extremely small change in fundamental constants or even their constancy over the entire time of the existence of the Universe, although this interesting problem cannot be considered finally solved. The ontology of quantum objects is considered within the framework of Sevalnikov's polyiontic paradigm, according to which two modes are distinguished – potential and actual. The potential existence of quantum objects is described by the Schrödinger wave function, and the actual one appears during the transition from the spectrum of possible states to the only observable one. It is emphasized that potential being does not belong to the classical space, but is in an unobservable ontology. The observed state, on the contrary, is already in ordinary space – time and can be recorded by the device. This determines the existence of a special transcendental layer of reality, along with the material, which may indicate a certain duality in the structure of the Universe. Then it should be assumed that our Universe is not a universal, but a multiverse – a set of different worlds ontologically having a different nature. In addition, the polyiontic paradigm leads to the idea that, at the quantum level, matter can be derived from information hidden in an unobservable ontology.

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Avchenko, Oleg V. „Not Observed Ontology“. Voprosy Filosofii, Nr. 1 (2020): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21146/0042-8744-2021-1-37-43.

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Two narratives – natural science and religious, intersect in the area of unobservable ontology – an immaterial, transcendental, but real area that paradoxically exists outside and inside ordinary physical space-time. It is assumed that mathematical constructs, physical laws, physical constants, quantum objects, and even biological laws can be associated with this area. It is argued that physical laws are not invented by man, but are discovered, since they contain physical constants measured in special experimental works. Universal constants were not invented for reasons of convenience – physics accepts them as an inevitable consequence of the coincidence of the results of all special measurements. Observational data are presented that indicate an extremely small change in fundamental constants or even their constancy over the entire time of the existence of the Universe, although this interesting problem cannot be considered finally solved. The ontology of quantum objects is considered within the framework of Sevalnikov's polyiontic paradigm, according to which two modes are distinguished – potential and actual. The potential existence of quantum objects is described by the Schrödinger wave function, and the actual one appears during the transition from the spectrum of possible states to the only observable one. It is emphasized that potential being does not belong to the classical space, but is in an unobservable ontology. The observed state, on the contrary, is already in ordinary space – time and can be recorded by the device. This determines the existence of a special transcendental layer of reality, along with the material, which may indicate a certain duality in the structure of the Universe. Then it should be assumed that our Universe is not a universal, but a multiverse – a set of different worlds ontologically having a different nature. In addition, the polyiontic paradigm leads to the idea that, at the quantum level, matter can be derived from information hidden in an unobservable ontology.

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Madalli, Devika, Anila Sulochana und Abhinav Kumar Singh. „COMAT: core ontology of matter“. Program 50, Nr. 1 (01.02.2016): 103–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prog-01-2015-0002.

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Purpose – Matter is an important topic of science as a discipline since its inception. Nevertheless, along with the evolution of semantic web, matter has got equal importance among the ontology developers. The current work describes an ontology of matter that the authors developed in the lab. The purpose of this paper is to come up with an exhaustive list of concepts and relations to cover matter domain under one umbrella, after identifying the gaps in the present ontologies. Design/methodology/approach – Ontology was developed following faceted analytico-synthetic approach of knowledge organization. The authors followed hybrid developmental approach which includes top-down as well as bottom-up development strategy, for creating classes and subclasses. The authors modelled matter domain comprehensively considering different aspects of matter. The theories behind the modelling approach helps to maintain the consistency of further extensions. Findings – Final ontology has around 280 concepts and as many as 60 properties which include both object property and datatype property. Research limitations/implications – There exists very vague definition of concepts in different subject areas, as matter is a domain of study in physics, chemistry, material science, metallurgy, etc. Same material has been adopted differently depending upon purpose of its study/use in that field. For example aspirin is simply a chemical compound in chemistry, whereas in medicine it is also an agent. Practical implications – Present work claims to influence the ontology engineers to develop more extension to this core ontology of matter (COMAT). Also this will find its use in information retrieval, semantic annotations and in several other semantic knowledge-based systems. Originality/value – COMAT is the most recent work of the domain. Originality lies in the way matter domain has been looked up, from a very wide perspective, as well as in the approach of modelling the domain.

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Agárdi, Anita, László Kovács und Tamás Bányai. „Ontology Support for Vehicle Routing Problem“. Applied Sciences 12, Nr. 23 (01.12.2022): 12299. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122312299.

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This paper aims to present a generalized ontology model for the Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) and it gives some out-plant material handling case studies. The Vehicle Routing Problem is a logistics task where customers with a specific need for products are served within the least possible distance traveled by vehicles. The Vehicle Routing Problem has been highly investigated in operations research, computer science, transportation science, and mathematics. As our new approach shows, the VRP can be used to model in-plant and out-plant material handling and out-plant passenger transport. The Vehicle Routing Problem is a complex, multi-component heterogeneous environment, where consistent handling and integrity of components is a more difficult problem. In this alignment (integrity management, automation), our goal was to develop a unified semantic background framework. Our ontology describes the concepts and the relationships between concepts for the investigated domain. The paper presents the construction and application of ontology for a sample framework and presents test runs based on case studies. The paper shows that ontology can be built into the logic of software applications related to logistic problems. The last part of the article focuses on case studies for our ontology model from the field of tank, money, parcel, and perishable food transportation.

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Wang, Aishi. „Ontology of New Art and Survival of Art“. SHS Web of Conferences 162 (2023): 01040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202316201040.

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Art is not an image work, but an image that people can see and an apparent result of the transcendent image presented by art; art is the ideological and spiritual product that’s processed from the high-end level of consciousness and thinking and generated by the entanglement movement of human body and cosmic materials. Also, it is an original form behind the physical image works, intended to reconcile the relationship between spiritual illusion and the material world; acting on all human life activities in accordance with the law of increasing progression under the cosmic stipulation, its ultimate task is to optimize the survival of human life while safeguarding the conservation of life; its practical task is to serve to help human beings achieve a perfect spiritual world of and construct a cultural spiritual system more in line with human society.

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Fajar Dwi Mukti und Ayu Sholina. „Ontologi Pendidikan Islam“. AL-FAHIM: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam 1, Nr. 2 (16.09.2019): 58–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.54396/alfahim.v1i2.58.

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Ontology is built from the greek roots “Ontos”which means what exists and “Logos” which mens the study. Globally, the term ontology can be interpreted as a study of being and by extension of existence. Ontology studies is the actual state of something, not a temporary state that is always changing. Ontology is an analysis of material objects from science, namely empirical matters that discuss about what you want to know, analyze about the objects studied by science, what is the actual form of the object, how the relationship between these objects with human capture (for example: thinking, feeling and sensing) that produces knowledge.

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Tunçalp, Deniz. „Questioning the ontology of sociomateriality: a critical realist perspective“. Management Decision 54, Nr. 5 (20.06.2016): 1073–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-07-2014-0476.

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Purpose – The author join Orlikowski (2007) in seeking the “reconfiguration of our conventional assumptions and considerations of materiality.” In her sociomaterial approach, Orlikowski combines what is social and what is material into a “sociomaterial assemblage” in considering material and social aspects of technology. However, the author thinks this conflation creates a number of analytical and phenomenological problems for the understanding of technology in organizing. Rather than considering materiality with a primacy, the author argue that the proposed approach may reduce what is material into a social essence and makes materiality of a technology impossible to perceive separate from the social aspects. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – Empirical examples of “Information Search” and “Mobile Communication” in Orlikowski (2007) are further employed to discuss the grounds of the criticism. Findings – The author propose a critical realist perspective to technology both as social and material recursively. Research limitations/implications – The analysis is primarily ontological and meta-theoretical. In future, extensive reviews can be performed on what questions have been asked and what questions have been omitted by researchers employing different versions of sociomaterial perspective. Practical implications – The perspective offered by this paper enables asking new questions and necessary empirical leverage to analyze how one technology becomes materialized and successful in the social realm and not the other. The author also discusses strategic conditions of how one successful technology can be replaced by another. Social implications – Understanding the state of the art in theory in understanding material and social aspects of technology would help us develop novel strategies to contest, complement and adapt to material and social issues of technologies. Originality/value – This paper is among the few critical papers that meta-theoretically question the relatively recent sociomaterial turn in organization studies and information systems fields.

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T.Kumarasan, Et al. „Constructing a Semantic Data Model for the Field of Material Science through Ontology“. International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication 11, Nr. 1 (31.01.2023): 227–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/ijritcc.v11i1.9814.

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This research presents a method for constructing a semantic data model for the field of material science based on ontology. The method involves designing the semantic data model and establishing mapping rules between the data model and the ontology. Data semantic analysis and annotation are carried out based on the semantic data model, supporting the integration and efficient retrieval of heterogeneous data in the material science field. Furthermore, the method utilizes the OWL-S technique to describe, issue, and acquire relevant data services, enabling higher-level service semantic synergy in the material science domain. The proposed method effectively enables semantic integration, intelligent inquiry, and personalized services for data in the material science field.

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Mokrozub, V. G., und A. A. M. Alsaidi. „Decision support system for selecting the type of shell-and-tube heat exchanger“. Ontology of designing 14, Nr. 4 (07.11.2024): 595–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.18287/2223-9537-2024-14-4-595-606.

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The article discusses the development of an ontology for the subject area using a shell-and-tube heat exchanger as an example. This ontology enables the selection of the type of heat exchanger (fixed tube sheets, compensator, U-shaped tubes) based on the coolant (ammonia, methanol), heat exchange process conditions (pressure, temperature), and the geometric parameters of the heat exchanger (device diameter). The ontology is designed for use in the hardware design phase of chemical-engineering systems. A functional model is presented that outlines the key stages and information flows in the hardware design of chemical-engineering systems. Each design stage utilises an information model, converting the input information flow into an output one. The article describes an information model for selecting the type of heat exchanger, represented by production rules, which includes operators for determining the material of the heat exchanger elements based on the coolant, material-specific design, and the type of heat exchanger. A prototype of the described information model is implemented in the Protégé ontology editor. The ontology and an example query for determining the type of heat exchanger for a given coolant and heat exchange process parameters are provided. The data for creating the ontology are sourced from regulatory design documents. The article concludes that an ontological approach is feasible for creating "smart" design documents, including standards and technical specifications comprehensible to both humans and computers.

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Pawl, Timothy. „Aquinas’s Ontology of the Material World: Change, Hylomorphism, and Material Objects. By Jeffrey E. Brower“. American Catholic Philosophical Quarterly 89, Nr. 4 (2015): 723–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/acpq201589471.

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Jaeger, Andrew. „Aquinas's Ontology of the Material World: Change, Hylomorphism, and Material Objects by Jeffrey E. Brower“. Thomist: A Speculative Quarterly Review 81, Nr. 2 (2017): 277–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tho.2017.0017.

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Borgo, Marta. „Aquinas’s Ontology of the Material World: Change, Hylomorphism, and Material Objects by Jeffrey E. Brower“. Journal of the History of Philosophy 54, Nr. 1 (2016): 160–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hph.2016.0010.

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Butowski, Leszek. „Exploring the foundations of tourism geography: between flat ontology and J. Searle’s vertical social ontology“. Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series, Nr. 63 (12.03.2024): 33–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/bgss-2024-0003.

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This article explores the theoretical foundations of tourism geography, focusing on the dialectic between flat ontology and John Searle's vertical ontology. Drawing from contemporary debates in the field, it examines the philosophical underpinnings of tourism geography and their implications for understanding the social and spatial dynamics of tourism. The concept of flat ontology, rooted in posthuman approach, posits an egalitarian view of the world, where both human and nonhuman entities possess equal ontological status. Proponents argue that this perspective provides a holistic understanding of tourism, acknowledging the co-agency of non-human elements such as landscapes, ecosystems, and material culture. In contrast, J. Searle's ontology underscores the significance of human intentionality and social structures in shaping the institutional frameworks and practices of tourism. By engaging with these two ontological frameworks, the article highlights the potential synergies, but also tensions between flat ontology and vertical social ontology within tourism geography.

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Adriaenssen, Han Thomas. „Common Conceptions and the Metaphysics of Material Substance“. Journal of Early Modern Studies 8, Nr. 1 (2019): 117–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/jems2019815.

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This paper explores how, according to three early modern philosophers, philosophical theory should relate to our pre-theoretical picture of reality. Though coming from very different backgrounds, the Spanish scholastic, Domingo de Soto, and the English natural philosopher, Kenelm Digby, agreed that an ability to accommodate our pre-theoretical picture of the world and our ordinary way of speaking about reality is a virtue for a philosophical theory. Yet at the same time, they disagreed on what kind of ontology of the material world is implied by these. The Dutch Cartesian, Johannes de Raey, took a very different approach, and argued that the picture of reality we naturally develop from our early days onwards and the language associated with it have their use in domains such as law and medical practice, but are a poor guide to the ontology of the material world. Thus, if we are to arrive at a proper understanding of the nature of matter, we need to move beyond the picture of reality we naturally develop from our early days onwards in order to come to see that the nature of matter consists in bare extension.

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Otte, J. Neil, John Beverley und Alan Ruttenberg. „BFO: Basic Formal Ontology1“. Applied Ontology 17, Nr. 1 (15.03.2022): 17–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ao-220262.

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Basic Formal Ontology (BFO) is a top-level ontology consisting of thirty-six classes, designed to support information integration, retrieval, and analysis across all domains of scientific investigation, presently employed in over 350 ontology projects around the world. BFO is a genuine top-level ontology, containing no terms particular to material domains, such as physics, medicine, or psychology. In this paper, we demonstrate how a series of cases illustrating common types of change may be represented by universals, defined classes, and relations employing the BFO framework. We provide discussion of these cases to provide a template for other ontologists using BFO, as well as to facilitate comparison with the strategies proposed by ontologists using different top-level ontologies.

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Kim, Ka-Ram, Gun-Woo Kim, Dong-Hee Yoo und Jung-Ho Yu. „Development of Construction Material Naming Ontology for Automated Building Energy Analysis“. Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 12, Nr. 5 (30.09.2011): 137–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.6106/kjcem.2011.12.5.137.

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Tait, Malcolm, und Aidan While. „Ontology and the Conservation of Built Heritage“. Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 27, Nr. 4 (01.01.2009): 721–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/d11008.

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The ontological status of historic buildings has until recently been little explored, particularly in relation to their conservation. This is curious, for the assumed status and existence of buildings have critical impacts upon our attempts to conserve them. Conventional conservation thought has conceived buildings as solid objects constructed under the gaze of a single architect and retaining exemplar properties worth preserving. This paper offers an alternative and novel conceptualisation of buildings in time and space, drawing on the naturalistic ontology of Jubien and combining this with actor-network theory to explore how buildings might be conceived as multiple things with variant but persisting properties (some of which may be worthy of conservation). Using the moment of post-1945 reconstruction, we explore conservation of the architecture and spaces of Exeter (UK) to consider three objects, their nature, persistence, properties, and formation. Doing so reveals the multiplicity of material and social objects that may become entwined in attempts to conserve these buildings. Things such as ‘views’ become reconsidered as multiply constructed, with variant nonessential parts. The paper concludes that conservation practice requires a more heterogeneous understanding of these objects, how they are formed, and the potential for their social and material hybridity.

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Shpakovskiy, Mikhail V., und Alexey S. Pavlov. „Peter van Inwagen’s Meta-ontology. Translators’ Foreword“. History of Philosophy Yearbook 38 (2023): 352–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.21146/0134-8655-2023-38-352-370.

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Peter van Inwagen (b. 1942) is one of the living metaphysicians who has made a substantial contribution to both theoretical (ontology and metaphysics of material Objects) and special metaphysics (in discussions on the problem of free will and the personal identity problem). With rare exceptions there are no works of van Inwagen in Russian. This publication is intended to correct this shortcoming to a certain extent. We present to the Russian-speaking reader a translation of one of his classical works – the paper Meta-Ontology (1998), which constitutes a significant milestone in the development of analytical ontology: in it the so-called “Standard View” in ontology is summarized and for the first time the concept of “Meta-Ontology” is given in as name for the section of analytical metaphysics, which has as its subject the meaning and the sense of the very being, or existence.

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Faiq, Muhammad, und Ibnu Farhan. „Mullā Ṣadrā’s Ontology: The Fundamentality of Existence Over Essence“. KACA (Karunia Cahaya Allah): Jurnal Dialogis Ilmu Ushuluddin 13, Nr. 2 (25.08.2023): 169–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.36781/kaca.v13i2.476.

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One of the critical debates in the philosophical tradition is about existence and essence. The question that arises from this problem is which of the two is more principle or fundamental. Some Muslim philosophers have different points of view regarding this. This article aims to reveal Mullā Ṣadrā's thoughts on the fundamentality of existence. This study is qualitative research with a descriptive and analytical approach. The data were collected from library research. This study found that, in Mullā Ṣadrā’s viewpoint, existence is more fundamental than essence as it causes essence to exist. Mullā Ṣadrā's view leads to the solving of many philosophical problems, such as the problem of causality, Tawhid, the impossibility of the concept of predestination, and dualism, for instance, heaven and hell, world and hereafter, Khaliq and creature, God and universe, material and non-material, transcendent and immanent Salah satu perdebatan serius dalam tradisi filsafat adalah tentang eksistensi dan esensi. Pertanyaan yang muncul dari persoalan ini adalah mana di antara keduanya yang lebih prinsipil atau fundamental. Para filosof Muslim memiliki pandangan yang berbeda mengenai hal ini. Studi ini bertujuan mengungkap pemikiran Mullā Ṣadrā tentang keutamaan eksistensi. Studi ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif dan analitis. Data dikumpulkan dari studi kepustakaan. Studi ini mengungkap bahwa menurut Mullā Ṣadrā, eksistensi lebih utama/real ketimbang esensi karena eksistensilah yang menjadikan esensi itu ada/wujud. Pandangan Mullā Ṣadrā ini penting untuk pemecahan beberapa persoalan filosofis, seperti masalah kausalitas, tauhid, kemustahilan konsep predestinasi dan dualisme, misalnya surga dan neraka, dunia dan akhirat, khaliq dan makhluk, Tuhan dan alam semesta, material dan non-material, transenden dan imanen.

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Dybov, Anton, Carina Fresemann und Rainer Stark. „Data- and simulation-based material behaviour prediction“. Proceedings of the Design Society 4 (Mai 2024): 563–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pds.2024.59.

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AbstractIn research environments and laboratories e.g. for material sciences the in- and output of simulation data is manually managed. Therefore, physical experiments as well as simulations might be carried out several times, learnings are not systematically gathered, and experiments do not systematically build on learnings from data. This paper proposes to engage an ontology in conjunction with a simulation to use data from already carried out experiments and on that basis predict material behaviour under certain condition and plan further physical experiments.

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