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1
Hoversten, Shanna. „Electric Vehicles: Market Opportunities in China“. Scholarship @ Claremont, 2010. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1.
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Electric vehicles (EVs) offer an exciting opportunity in China both in terms of the potential to build a domestic manufacturing base and the potential to create a strong domestic market for the product. The Chinese nation stands to benefit from both supply-side and demand-side promotion due to the economic stimulus from EV manufacturing and export, the environmental benefits of reduced air pollution and reduced greenhouse gas emissions, and the energy security benefits of transitioning away from foreign oil dependence. The Chinese have several advantages when it comes to stimulating EV industry development and EV deployment, including: leadership in battery technology, great potential for cost competitiveness, an enormous and emerging number of new car buyers, and high level government support. Yet a number of challenges must be taken into account as well, including: shortfalls in overall automobile R&D spending, consumer concerns about Chinese cars’ safety and reliability, enhancing the appeal of the Chinese brand, and heavy national infrastructure demands. This paper will seek to examine the opportunities and challenges associated with EV deployment in China and identify industry actions and policy measures to facilitate the process.
2
區耀國 und Yiu-kwok Sam Au. „Opportunities in the home accessory market“. Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1994. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31265923.
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Schneider, Ian Michael. „Market design opportunities for an evolving power system“. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/128639.
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Thesis: Ph. D. in Social and Engineering Systems, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Engineering, Institute for Data, Systems, and Society, February, 2020Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 117-126).
The rapid growth of renewable energy is transforming the electric power sector. Wind and solar energy are non-dispatchable: their energy output is uncertain and variable from hour-to- hour. New challenges arise in electricity markets with a large share of uncertain and variable renewable energy. We investigate some of these challenges and identify economic opportunities and policy changes to mitigate them. We study electricity markets by focusing on the preferences and strategic behavior of three different groups: producers, consumers, and load-serving entities. First, we develop a game-theoretic model to investigate energy producer strategy in electricity markets with high levels of uncertain renewable energy. We show that increased geographic dispersion of renewable generators can reduce market power and increase social welfare. We also demonstrate that high-quality public forecasting of energy production can increase welfare. Second, we model and explain the effects of retail electricity competition on producer market power and forward contracting. We show that increased retail competition could decrease forward contracting and increase electricity prices; this is a downside to the general trend of increased access to retail electricity competition. Finally, we propose new methods for improving demand response programs. A demand response program operator commonly sets customer baseline thresholds to determine compensation for individual customers. The optimal way to do this remains an open question. We create a new model that casts the demand response program as a sequential decision problem; this formulation highlights the importance of learning about individual customers over time. We develop associated algorithms using tools from online learning, and we show that they outperform the current state of practice.
by Ian Michael Schneider.
Ph. D. in Social and Engineering Systems
Ph.D.inSocialandEngineeringSystems Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Engineering, Institute for Data, Systems, and Society
4
Selldahl, Sara. „Virtual currencies- Real opportunities?“ Thesis, KTH, Entreprenörskap och Innovation, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-140649.
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The European Central Bank defines virtual currencies as ”unregulated, digital money, which is issued and usually controlled by its developers, and used and accepted among the members of a specific virtual community.” (European Central Bank, 2012, p. 5) The interest in virtual currencies has increased immensely over the last few years as they become increasingly prevalent in our society across many different industries. Up until now, the field of virtual currencies has been mainly uncharted land and despite interest in specific currencies, few attempts have been made at understanding or structuring the entire landscape The main research question in this thesis is related to the previously mentioned dilemma: understanding and structuring the virtual currency ecosystem, today and in the future. How can the virtual currency landscape currently be analyzed in a structured manner and what framework can be used to reflect and make predictions on the future development? The thesis is based on four different sources of information: a literature study of existing material, corporate interviews with companies dealing with virtual currencies and consumer interviews with potential early adopters, an online survey and a case study performed at Ericsson M-Commerce. The case study of Ericsson M-Commerce has provided valuable insight into understanding how companies reason when considering adopting virtual currencies into their product portfolio and greatly helped the process of structuring the virtual currency market in a comprehensive manner. In return, the thesis has also provided decision material for the department concerning virtual currencies. This thesis divides virtual currencies into five groups: Prepaid Value, Loyalty Points, Monetization Currencies, Gaming Currencies and Value Encoded Currencies. This model has been developed as a framework for the analysis of the current situation in this thesis. However, the analysis in the thesis has shown that as virtual currencies evolve, it will probably become more relevant to instead consider their functions. It is likely that virtual currencies will consolidate into three distinct functional types: virtual currency as a unit of account, virtual currency as a business model for monetization, and virtual currencies as a product that can be sold. As virtual currencies evolve, the future is not only filled with many challenges, but also many new opportunities. In this thesis, an attempt to gain an abstract understanding of how the field is developing has been made, but it remains to be seen what the real impacts of virtual currencies will be as they continue to gain traction.
5
MacGregor, Lee J., und Joel M. Greer. „Identifying and analyzing federal government market opportunities for OpalSoft“. Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/9955.
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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.MBA Professional Report
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
The purpose of this MBA Project is to identify and analyze the Federal Government informationtechnology services market to be used in OpalSoft's operational application. A general review of OpalSoft'scurrent operations and strategy will be conducted. The core of the project will concentrate on the review andanalysis of the federal government information technology services sector. This portion of the project will presentregulatory mandates, data reviews and survey findings from various federal contracting organizations. Theseanalytical insights should facilitate OpalSoft in achieving its future goals and objectives in this market. The endstateof this project is to supply OpalSoft with a greater understanding of the Federal Government market and tocapitalize on opportunities that market presents.
6
卓季宇 und Kwai-yu Theresa Cheuk. „Opportunities and potential of the Vietnam market for foreigners“. Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1993. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31265601.
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BEAUVISAGE, Audry. „Market opportunities to develop wind power in North Africa“. Thesis, KTH, Energi och klimatstudier, ECS, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-175702.
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Henz, Jakob. „Emerging market digital firms : identifying and exploiting international opportunities“. Diss., University of Pretoria, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/80442.
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In emerging markets, local technology firms (referred to as EM digital INVs) are increasingly driving business ecosystem development and inclusive growth. Many of such firms are internationalizing to other emerging markets early in their development, thereby creating competitive advantages across borders. However, a lack of empirical studies of such firms has meant that there is limited understanding of their internationalization process.
This study explores the initial stages of EM digital INVs internationalization, specifically investigating how such firms identify and exploit opportunities in other emerging markets. The study took an exploratory approach, using qualitative methods to interview 12 founders and internationalization managers of EM digital INVs from countries across sub-Saharan Africa. The study led to the development of the EM digital INVs internationalization model, which illuminated the process of identifying opportunities, overcoming internationalization barriers, accumulating resources and determining entry mode.
The study contributes to the literature by classifying a new type of firm, EM digital INVs. Furthermore, the study addresses the lack of research conducted on emerging market firms, specifically those in the technology sector.Mini Dissertation (MPhil)--University of Pretoria, 2020.
pt2021
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
MPhil
Unrestricted
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Christiansen, Filip, und Matilda Tranell. „Data Management and Business Opportunities inEmerging Smart Metering Market“. Thesis, KTH, Energiteknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-206975.
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Major changes in the energy systems throughout Europe have resulted in the implementation of new technologies such as smart grids and meters, enabling a two-way flow of information and electricity. This results in large volumes of metering data which needs to be efficiently managed for market and grid operational purposes. In addition to this, a new market for third parties seeking to enhance and convert data into valuable information has emerged. Current data management strategies vary between countries, resulting in a great diversity of data management models. To reach consensus, the European Commission has developed three theoretical reference models in order to cover all possible options. For the success of third parties, it is important to understand the rather complex mechanisms of these reference models. This can ease the process of recognizing the implemented data management model on a given market, as well as the interaction with related obstacles or barriers, in order to determine business opportunities. This report aims to present market conditions for third party actors in two European countries that have implemented different data management models. The Netherlands and Great Britain are selected based on certain conditions. With existing theories of the reference models, the actual models will be defined in each country. Key barriers are also identified. This report will then study how appropriate the implemented models are in relation to the barriers. Therefore, these two countries will also serve as case studies for evaluating the applicability of the reference models. In the Netherlands, case 1 of the reference models is identified per definition, although a transitioning towards case 2 can be observed. The major barrier consists of privacy concerns although customer engagement is becoming a central focus. In relation to these issues, targeted regulations seems to have more positive impact than the implemented model. The Dutch market is evolving and it is shown that the customers are open to new innovative services, although the intent to purchase such services is low. A central point of access to data facilitates efficient data management, however this only includes data with a 15 minute frequency. Data with a 10 second update interval can currently be accessed only via a physical smart meter port. In Great Britain, parts from both reference model 2 and 3 are implemented and the main barrier is currently customer engagement. The model has been developed with high emphasis on earlier privacy concerns, but it has potential to also address customer engagement by supporting innovation and new services. However, earlier restrictive regulations have only allowed certain feedback services, i.e. In Home Displays, to be offered to customers. As of 2015, other options are allowed which opens up a promising market for third party actors. Data can be accessed either centrally, with half-hourly updates, or via so called Consumer Access Devices providing data with updates every 10 second. A gap between the theoretical models and reality is observed; theoretical benefits are not always evident in practice. It is also observed how all possible data flows are not always properly described or included in data management model mappings. Therefore, it is important for third parties to look beyond such mappings to understand the access to certain data that fits their purpose. At last, privacy concerns can be eased through increased customer awareness and empowerment, which is also related to the receptivity to innovations among customers.Uppkomsten av smarta elnät och elmätare möjliggör ett dubbelriktat flöde av information i elnät. Detta ger upphov till stora datamängder och för marknadsaktiviteter och elnätsrelaterade åtaganden krävs därför en effektiv datahantering. Dessutom uppstår en ny marknad för tredjepartsaktörer som kan använda datan och göra om den till värdefull information. Strategier för hur datahanteringen ska gå till skiljer sig åt mellan länder och mångfalden är stor. Europeiska Kommissionen har tagit fram tre olika teoretiska referensmodeller för att uppnå konsensus inom detta område. Dessa modeller kan fungera som verktyg för tredjepartsaktörer i syfte att identifiera verkliga modeller för datahantering. Dessutom kan de ge värdefull information om relationen mellan datahantering och försvårande omständigheter; något som är viktigt att förstå för att bedöma marknadsmöjligheter. Målet med denna rapport är att presentera marknadsmöjligheter för tredjepartsaktörer i två europeiska länder som har olika modeller för datahantering. Utifrån särskilda kriterier väljs Nederländerna och England. Med hjälp av existerande teori kring referensmodellerna definieras de reella modellerna i länderna. Därefter utreder rapporten hur lämpliga de reella modellerna är i relation till identifierade barriärer. Därmed fungerar de två länderna även som fallstudier för utvärdering av applicerbarheten hos referensmodellerna. I Nederländerna identifieras den verkliga modellen för datahantering som en variant av modell 1 av referensmodellerna, och en utveckling mot modell 2 kan observeras. Den avgörande barriären är integritetsrelaterad, men kundengagemang blir ett alltmer centralt fokus. I relation till dessa problem kan det konstateras att specifika regleringar har större positiv genomslagskraft än själva modellen. Den holländska marknaden befinner sig i ett tidigt utvecklingsstadie men det har visat sig att kunder är positivt inställda till innovativa tjänster. Effektiv datahantering främjas av en central åtkomstpunkt, men detta inkluderar endast data med en uppdateringsfrekvens om 15 minuter. Data med uppdateringsfrekvens om 10 sekunder är tillgänglig via en fysisk port på själva elmätaren. I England identifieras den verkliga modellen för datahantering som delar av både referensmodell 2 och 3, och den största barriären är brist på kundengagemang. Tidigare utbredda integritetsproblem har delvis utformat modellen, men trots detta återfinns positiva funktioner sett till rådande utmaning då modellen främjar högre innovationsnivåer för tjänster. Regleringar har dock tidigare begränsat utbudet av sådana tjänster till endast s.k In Home Displays. Under 2015 förändrades denna reglering vilket medför lovande marknadsmöjligheter för tredjepartsaktörer. Datatillgång sker antingen via en central åtkomstpunkt, med en uppdateringsfrekvensen om 30 minuter, eller via s.k Consumer Access Devices där uppdateringsfrekvensen är 10 sekunder. Ett gap mellan de teoretiska modellerna och den verkliga implementeringen kan observeras eftersom teoretiskt beskrivna fördelar inte alltid förekommer i praktiken. En annan viktig upptäckt är att visualiseringar av datamodeller inte alltid beskriver eller inkluderar samtliga dataflöden. Därmed bör tredjepartsaktörer inte enbart förlita sig på sådana kartläggningar; andra metoder kan vara nödvändiga för att bedöma tillgången till nödvändig data. Till sist kan det konstateras att integritetsproblem kan motverkas med metoder som ökar uppmärksamheten hos kunder. Ett viktigt samband mellan detta och mottagligheten för innovation hos kunderna kan påvisas.
10
Ducruix, Charles-Andre. „Business opportunities on the fair trade market in France“. Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-134943.
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The objective of this thesis is to find the different business opportunities on the French fair trade market. Born in the middle of the 20th century, fair trade aims to improve producers' commercial terms. Since the beginning of the 90's, its market in France strongly increased and business owners began to take an interest in it. Nowadays, three growth drivers can be identified: new fair trade products launch, new distribution network development, and targets enlargement (young people and companies are high potential targets). However, some success factors have to be considered. For example, it is necessary to focus on the communication or maximize product visibility in point of sale.
11
Cheuk, Kwai-yu Theresa. „Opportunities and potential of the Vietnam market for foreigners /“. [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1993. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13731063.
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Stark, Jens, und Fredrik Wiklund. „The Chinese Equity Market : An Economic Inquiry into Investment Opportunities and Risks“. Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Management and Economics, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-1126.
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The final aim of this thesis is to evaluate opportunities and risk factors of investing in China, in terms of pros and cons, and also to elaborate an optimal portfolio strategy. The pros regarding investments in China are (1) the economic liberalisation and reforms of the institutional framework; (2) the Chinese market’s huge potential and the high-growth IT and telecommunications sectors; (3) a favourable macroeconomic climate and an impressive development. The cons are (1) the mismanagement of the state-run companies; (2) the mainland exchanges’ intra-year volatility; (3) the export sector’s performance might decline; (4) the institutional framework is largely responsible for many risk factors; (5) a tougher competition climate after the entry in the WTO. Also, our calculations on an optimal portfolio strategy suggest that less risk-averse investors may want to consider the World/Shanghai portfolio, whereas the World/Shenzhen portfolio might instead suit the preferences of more risk-averse investors.
13
Gutzwiller, Severin. „Analysis of Market Opportunities for Wireless Mesh Networks in Switzerland“. St. Gallen, 2005. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/96102892001/$FILE/96102892001.pdf.
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Ilheu, Maria Fernanda Pargana. „Opportunities and obstacles for Portuguese companies in the Chinese market“. Thesis, University of Macau, 1996. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1636723.
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Dunlevy, Kevin Joseph. „Market opportunities for Alberta table potato producers in British Columbia“. Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ34356.pdf.
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Trinka, Mark W. „Product-market opportunities for FPL spaceboard II molded structural products“. Thesis, This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-10312009-020141/.
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Halm, Grant Bernard. „Domestic market opportunities for high yielding semi-dwarf wheat varieties“. Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61963.
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Eliasson, Tove. „Empirical Essays on Wage Setting and Immigrant Labor Market Opportunities“. Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Nationalekonomiska institutionen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-226084.
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This thesis consists of three self-contained essays. Essay 1: This essay estimates wage assimilation among non-western immigrants in Sweden, controlling for selection into employment by including individual fixed effects. Furthermore, using matched employer-employee panel data covering the complete Swedish labor market, this essay decomposes wage catch-up into relative wage growth within and between workplaces and occupations. The results show that failing to control for selection into employment is likely to underestimate relative wage growth of immigrants, as early entrants in the labor market differ from later entrants along unobservable dimensions. Even after 30 years in the country, the group of non-western immigrants still earns substantially lower wages than natives. Wages catch up mainly within workplaces and occupations, suggesting that improved signals of productivity, rather than improved knowledge of job options, are of importance for the wage growth of non-western immigrants. Essay 2: Earlier research has shown that immigrant- and minority entrepreneurs have difficulties accessing capital through the formal financial markets. This essay studies what role immigrant employees within the local bank sector have for the probability of immigrants to run their own businesses. I use linked employer-employee data covering the whole Swedish labor market for the years 1987 to 2003 and utilize a nationwide refugee dispersal policy to get exogenous variation in the exposure to co-ethnic bank employees. Results suggest that there is a positive relation between co-ethnic bank employees and the probability of being self-employed. This effect is most pronounced for immigrants who arrived with low education, for males and for those residing in metropolitan regions. The effects are substantial and robust to a wide set of controls for labor market characteristics of the ethnic group at the local level. These results provide evidence of an ethnic component in the formal credit markets. Essay 3 (with Oskar Nordström Skans): This essay investigates the impact of a collective agreement stipulating a one shot increase in establishment-specific wage levels in a public-sector setting where wages otherwise are set according to individualized wage bargaining. The agreement stipulated that wages should increase in proportion to the number of low-paid females within each establishment. We find that actual wages among incumbents responded to the share of females with a wage below the stipulated threshold, conditional on the separate effects of the share of low wage earners, and the share of females. We find clear evidence of path-dependence in wages, covered workers remained on higher wage levels 4 years after the agreement took effect. The increase in wages resulted in a reduced probability of exit among young workers with relatively good grades and a lower frequency of new hires at the establishment level.
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Koliesnichenko, Anastasiia, und Анастасія Сергіївна Колєсніченко. „The key trends transforming the electricity market: opportunities and challenges“. Thesis, Херсонський національний технічний університет, 2019. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/41772.
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Significant changes in energy prices and production increase. At the same time, the slowdown in economic growth in emerging market countries is occurring, along with geopolitical changes and instability, which effectively dragged energy demand and supply. In that case it is necessary to use such tools as confidently planning for transformative enhancements in productivity, reliability, safety, customer experience, compliance, and revenue management. The result dimensions of these exciting opportunities can be demonstrated in three developmental directions based on productivity and efficiency, the customer experience, and new frontiers.
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Dimkpa, Princewill, und Collins Dimkpa. „Obstacles and Opportunities Foreign Graduates Meet In Dalarna Labour Market, Sweden“. Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Företagsekonomi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-14027.
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Foreign graduates have been part of the success stories of many developed countries. This is as a result of their immeasurable deposit of ideas, knowledge, and innovation in the host country. Though the process of these foreign graduates penetrating and integrating into the labour market of the host country could be slow and rough as they encounter some obstacles on the way; they still strive to break through and be part of the country’s workforce because they foresee some opportunities therein. This research study is about the obstacles and opportunities foreign graduates meet in Dalarna labour market. The study investigated and identified the obstacles and opportunities foreign graduates meet in Dalarna labour market. For a thorough execution of this research, we collected primary data by handing questionnaires to 65 foreign graduates searching for jobs in Dalarna region and interviewed eight people, among which seven were foreign graduates and one of them was a staff at Arbestförmedlingen (Employment Agency) to give us a general view of the Dalarna labour market. We read previous research works and related articles to understand the topic in order to get an overview of the terminologies and concept to apply. This study concluded that language is a major obstacle foreign graduates meet in the Dalarna labour market. Other possible obstacles include culture, poor integration policies, lack of a placement bureau, lack of trust, limited opportunities, favoritism, lack of jobs, lack of references and experience. On the other hand factors like job availability, outgoing labour force and unskilled labour are possible opportunities foreign graduates meet in the Dalarna labour market. Furthermore flexible work time, good working atmosphere, experience, social security/welfare, good standard of living, family friendly region, higher wages, job security and cheap cost of living are also possible benefits that foreign graduates get in Dalarna.
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Wang, Philip Gin Shun, und Jia Qian. „Capital appreciation potentials of Chinese residential market : identification of investment opportunities“. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/54844.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Program in Real Estate Development in Conjunction with the Center for Real Estate , 2009.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 85).
The mission of our thesis is to assist residential real estate investors and developers in making more systematic investment decisions when selecting Chinese cities. In particular, our thesis has three major objectives, (1) to understand the residential price appreciation with respect to economic growth among 35 core Chinese cities, (2) to understand the dynamics of the residential market fluctuation, and (3) to predict the residential market movement. Our models have suggested that the residential markets of Tier II Chinese cities shall outperform those of the other tiers in terms of capital appreciation under a sustainable economic growth condition, with Tier I Chinese cities experiencing the least collective growth. Interestingly, our models have suggested that historical performance is a relatively good indicator of medium-term performance, in terms of capital appreciation potentials, under an up-market cycle. Our results have indicated that the capital appreciation performance ranking of our 5-year prediction period to 2012 are relatively consistent with the capital appreciation performance ranking of the historical 9-year trend between 1999 and 2007. In particular, our top five cities with the highest capital appreciation for the 5-year period to 2012 are Xiamen, Ningbo, Nanchang, Taiyuan, and Fuzhou, respectively; in comparison, the top five cities with highest capital appreciation for the 9-year period to 2007 are Ningbo, Xiamen, Qingdao, Nanchang, and Xian, respectively.
(cont.) In terms of residential market dynamics, our models have revealed that the increase in sales transaction volume, the decline in real prime rate, and the loose mortgage policy have all contributed to the overheating of the Chinese residential market in 2007. But as the monetary policy and lending standards tighten, the sales volume was curbed and prices lost its steam. We observed that the policy change was not the only cause to the slowdown in sales transaction volume, but also the continued sales price growth; in fact, the policy change was a cause of the over-heated market. If the current pattern continues and supported by favorable policy, we expect the market shall show signs of relief in 2010; however, if prices over-shoot in the coming months, the market performance may actually reverse.
by Philip Gin Shun Wang and Jia Qian.
S.M.
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Calissendorff, Philip, und Niklas Lögdal. „Digital platforms challenges and opportunities : Evidence from a traditional market sector“. Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för informatik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-149506.
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Digital platforms are becoming more and more established in the current digital age and with it come many new business ideas, models and more. This has lead to several disciplines and industries taking an interest in them and sought to build one themselves. However, little is known about how the context of a digital platform can affect its launch. Existing research todays focuses on general strategies for launching a platform but we argue that context matters and that it changes the challenges and opportunities for the platform. This thesis aims to fill this gap for traditional industries that faces different kinds of challenges compared to more IT established areas. To achieve this, we took part of a case study and conducted a qualitative data collection process consisting of interviews with project members of The Omega project. We were able to identify a set of challenges and opportunities presented to the project: diversity, organizational, and culture to name a few. Based on our findings we could conclude that digital platforms for traditional industries comes with its own set of challenges and opportunities but that these can be used to find similarities to other industries to help tackle them. Therefore, we suggest further research to be done on how the context affects the challenges and opportunities in other industries.
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VANDENBRANDE, PIETER-JAN. „Opportunities and challenges for a floating offshore wind market in California“. Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-232492.
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SANDMAN, SARA. „Pharmaceutical Opportunities : A three-step repositioning model for evaluating market options“. Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekonomi och organisation (Inst.), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-199225.
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Pharmaceutical industry is today struggling with its productivity as products keep failing after long and expensive development programs. The protability is further threatened by erce competition from cheaper product copies. As an attempt to increase the pipeline output, pharmaceutical companies have lately turned to the strategy of drug repositioning. By applying an already developed drug in new disease areas the lifetime of the product is prolonged and return time on already made investments elongated. Such development is imbued by less risk than a de novo development and has proven to be a faster and cheaper way to meet the medical demand. With limited company budgets and the often many repositioning possibilities, an informed repositioning selection must be made. As such theoretical model is not publicly available this thesis takes on the task to determine which parameters to take into consideration and how these should be weighted in relation to each other in order to evaluate di erent drug repositioning possibilities. Six main topics are identied to a ect the repositioning success, these are: medical need, economic return, scientic support, timing, life cycle extenders and external relations. These ndings are derived from empirics collected during interviews with employees from ve di erent competence areas involved in repositioning initiatives, na mely: research & development, clinical studies, regulatory a airs, pricing, and commercial. By further support from literature within the elds of drug repositioning and R&D project selection a three-step repositioning model was developed. The first step in the three-step repositioning model consists of primary parameters, these are essential parameters that have to be fullled in order to perform a repositioning strategy. If any of the primary parameters are not fullled, the repositioning opportunity should be killed in a go/no-go decision. In a second step, the secondary parameters are evaluated in a scoring model in order to determine the economical outlook of each repositioning opportunity. The opportunities showing greatest economical outlook should further be evaluated in the third and nal step in the three-step repositioning model. In this nal step the di erent repositioning opportunities are evaluated by their coherence with an overall corporate strategy. By applying this repositioning model to a repositioning selection scarce company resources ay be focused on the repositioning opportunities showing best future prospect. Evaluating the potential of repositioning opportunities in a structured way should also increase chances to succeed. If successful, a repositioning initiative may a ect both company and society as the company improves return on earlier investments, while more patients in need of treatment will receive access to it. However, the three-step repositioning model presented in this thesis should be tested for more cases and perhaps be complemented with additional parameters or di erent gradings in order to optimize the selection.
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Vandenbrande, Pieter-Jan. „Opportunities and challenges for a floating offshore wind market in California“. Thesis, KTH, Industriell Marknadsföring och Entreprenörskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-209246.
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The offshore wind energy industry is a rapidly growing industry as solutions are becoming cost-competitive and there is an increasing need to limit greenhouse gas emissions. New floating offshore wind turbine designs now enable the access to previously inaccessible offshore wind resources. In this research, a comprehensive analysis is made of the different factors influencing the macro environment for a potential floating offshore wind energy market in California. The analysis assesses the relevant political, economic,social, technological, environmental, and legal aspects in California. The outcome of this research shows the opportunities and challenges for a floating wind turbine market in California. It is found that there are many opportunities present due to California's political and economic climate. There is considerable support for offshore wind projects on the state level, demonstrated by the active engagement of the governor and the creation of the California Task Force. The large economy and high electricity prices are promising for future projects. Furthermore, wind resources are vast and the technical infrastructure is present, especially Southern California is well suited. There are technological threats present, but these are common for all renewable energy sources and seem unavoidable with the Renewable Portfolio Standards California has set. The main threats are posed by the complex regulatory environment and the financial uncertainty as a result of the lackof federal support. The Jones Act, for example, can be troublesome as it will likely increase costs and delay projects. Furthermore, the social environment and local willingness for such projects was shown to be very important for their success. The state of California has already been working pro-actively on involving the local members of thepublic in potential upcoming offshore wind energy projects. The research concludes that California offers many opportunities with surmountable threats.
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Konradsson, Richard, und Theodor Porss. „Stock market integration between the BRICS countries : Long-term investment opportunities“. Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Nationalekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-158655.
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This paper investigates the long-term diversification opportunities that exists for global investors among the BRICS nations. It analyzes how risk-averse investors can allocate funds between the countries in order to maximize the expected return in relation to the overall risk. It utilizes an empirical cointegration approach in tandem with modern portfolio theory during the time period 1999-2019. The empirical results of cointegration that is found supports the suggestion that the BRICS markets have a stable risk-premium between each other and that they all share similar systematic risk factors. The results further support the construction of a portfolio solely compromising of stocks from four out of the five BRICS markets, since then they do not share any long-run co-movements with each other. Moreover, the markets of Brazil, India, China and South Africa are strong candidates for reducing portfolio risk without sacrificing the adjusted portfolio return. The results also indicate several causal relationships between the nations, with China as the main driving force. This suggest that shocks in the Chinese market will spread and effect the rest of the BRICS markets, either directly or through one of the other markets. This is important knowledge for global policy-makers since China could be affected by markets outside the co-operation and subsequently transfer it to the rest of the BRICS markets. Since the countries accounts approximately 25 % of the global GDP, policy-makers must act with great care before implementing economic policies against China, since the consequences can have a much larger and wider effect than they anticipate.
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Myhre, Sigurd Ulimoen, und Eivind Pilskog. „Strategic market opportunity discovery : A study on how maritime companies in the Møre cluster discover new strategic market opportunities, and how they decide which opportunities to pursue“. Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for industriell økonomi og teknologiledelse, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-26466.
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For companies in today’s technological and advanced environment, it is of great importance to discover new market opportunities and to decide which opportunities to pursue, in order to stay competitive. Due to the importance and success of the local maritime clusters in Norway, as well as the authors’ interest in the industry, this thesis sought out to answer two research questions. The first is how maritime companies in a successful cluster discover new market opportunities, and the second is how these companies decide which opportunities to pursue.To answer these complex questions, an industry and literature review were conducted, and formed the foundation for the thesis. Academic literature on market orientation and strategic decision making were chosen to shed light on the two research questions, respectively. Theory on clusters was used as supportive literature. Together, these theoretical fields were used to develop theoretical propositions.A multiple case study approach has been utilized, and eleven semi-structured interviews with people from seven different companies formed the empirical data for the thesis. For this study, it has been chosen to focus on companies in the successful cluster in Møre. Through the interviews, knowledge and understanding of specific opportunities and decision making processes were obtained. Following the interviews, the empirical data was analyzed in relation to the theoretical propositions.The study finds that the maritime companies in Møre discover opportunities through their customer orientation. These opportunities occur when customers present their needs or when the companies actively search for new opportunities. Findings also indicate that the few companies that are competitor oriented, discover opportunities through their monitoring and analyzes of competitors. It has been found that most maritime companies in Møre have a long-term focus when they decide which opportunities to pursue, but that the decisions are made in different ways. Some companies behave rationally and perform structured processes intended to increase their information basis before making a final decision. Other companies base their decisions mainly on intuition, and these decisions are often based on top executives’ experience and judgement.The thesis has proposed that the maritime companies should focus more on their competitors to discover more market opportunities. Further, it is believed that a focus on customers, competitors and on being interfunctionally coordinated, while also becoming more proactively market oriented, can be ways to gain a competitive advantage in the future Norwegian maritime offshore industry. Already today, it is found that customer orientation is a necessity to compete in this industry. Based on the analysis, it is also identified that the shipowners, even though they make large investments, mainly base their decisions on intuition. From a theoretical standpoint the thesis has broadened the theoretical field of market orientation, as it investigates it in relation to opportunity discovery and strategic decision making. Further, the thesis has provided a discussion of how the concept of market orientation varies between companies with different sizes, and it shows support for cluster theory on the effects of being affiliated to a cluster.
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Wang, Qiansi. „The Real Estate Market in China:Features, Opportunities and Barriers to U.S. Investors“. Digital WPI, 2012. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-theses/616.
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In recent years the rapidly growing Chinese real estate market has attracted the attention of investors from all over the world. Foreign investments in China, however, could be risky and difficult to be undertaken. This study investigates the opportunities and barriers that foreign real estate developers may experience in China. First, the features and the governmental role in the local real estate market are introduced. Next, the typical activities of a real estate investment are analyzed. Two US and Chinese cases are presented and compared. Lastly, opportunities and barriers to foreign investors are introduced and discussed. The study, in addition, contains some recommendations that are drawn from past successful foreign real estate investments.
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Ferdinand, Andreas. „Emerging opportunities in the Vietnamese Electronic Road Toll market for Company X“. Thesis, University of Gävle, Department of Business Administration and Economics, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-3897.
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Aim:
The purpose of this study is to explore the Vietnamese market for Electronic Road Tolls. Company X is a world wide supplier of electronic toll systems. They are focusing on systems that will reduce traffic congestion in cities or congestion created by road charge toll systems. Company X has been active in the South East Asia for over 10 years. Now they want to explore new markets in this region. The company is interested in developing countries where road infrastructure is expanding. Since Vietnam is one of the fastest growing economies in Asia Company X is interested in if it is a market they should enter.
Research questions:
Should Company X enter the Vietnamese market?
If yes, which entry strategy should be used entering this market?
Method:
To analyze Company X’s internal and external environment I have used different theoretical methods, PEST analysis, Micro / Macro environmental analysis and with the SWOT framework I have summarized recommendations based on the facts I have gathered. I have also investigated different entry strategies to see what is most suitable for a Company X. I have collected data via interviews, literature and internet sources.
Result & Conclusions:
Short term Company X has the opportunity to come in with their products into Vietnam with a co-operation with Competitor A. They will set up a test system at one toll plaza between the airport and Hanoi with two lane dedicated for EFC and Company X is their first choice if they are competitive. This will give them the opportunity to be first on this market to implement microwave equipment in Vietnam and an opportunity to set the standard in the country for the future.
Suggestions for future research:
The empirical data in this thesis is mainly gathered from secondary sources. The information would have been more accurate with more primary data.
Contribution of the thesis:
This thesis shows that large investments in road infrastructure are coming up in Vietnam. This thesis also shows that currently there is low activity from competitors using the same technology and this was not previously known by Company X.
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Nilsen, Jilltoft William, und Emil Westman. „The Spanish property market, Investment opportunities in hostels & short term housing“. Thesis, KTH, Fastigheter och byggande, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-146609.
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This thesis discusses the general development of the Spanish property market over the last decade and future perspectives. A particular focus is on the city of Barcelona and the city’s local property market. The Spanish property market has since the latter half of 2007, beginning of 2008, dropped closer to 50 percent. Starting in the early years of the 21: st century, up to 2007 the Spanish construction sector in many ways drove the Spanish economy upwards. When the financial crisis hit, the economy stagnated and Spain fell into a deep recession. This resulted in an unemployment rate that as of today is running at 25 percent, weak domestic purchase power, an all-time high supply of property and a constantly declining number of property transactions. In May 2014 the country is at a junction trying to determine which way the Spanish property market is heading. Within some segments of the property market and in several areas where tourism is high there are, although weak, signs of growth in the property market prices. However in smaller regions with less tourism the property prices are still declining by up to 12 percent annually. The strong foreign demand on Spanish property contributes to a well-needed injection of foreign currency but these investments alone will not be enough to boost the Spanish economy. What we conclude is needed in order for property prices to increase in the long run is a stronger domestic purchase power, something we probably won’t see in years. Considering Barcelona, the city had the fourth most visitors of all the cities in Europe. This along with the unique culture, sports, food, and the constant stream of tourists as well as the modest property prices makes Barcelona an interesting city for property investment. In the thesis we compare investments being made in a hostel and short term housing for tourists. The result leads us to the conclusion that any property investment in Barcelona should be regarded as a risk and that you would need a steady stream of cash flow in order to hedge a continuing decline in property prices. Of the two options, short term housing for tourists would be the better of the two investments.Sedan slutet av 2007, början av 2008 har de spanska fastighetspriserna sjunkit med närmare 50 procent. Åren innan krisen hade den expansiva spanska byggsektorn i mångt och mycket drivit ekonomin framåt och när den globala finanskrisen slog till med full kraft stagnerade den spanska ekonomin och vände ned i en djup recession. Detta resulterade i en arbetslöshet som idag uppgår till närmare 25 procent, svag inhemsk köpkraft, ett rekordstort utbud av fastigheter samt ett alltjämt sjunkande antal årliga transaktioner på bostadsmarknaden. I maj 2014 står vi i ett läge där det är svårt att sia om i vilken riktning den spanska fastighetsmarknaden är på väg. Inom vissa fastighetssegment och i flera turisttäta områden i Spanien ser man tendenser på en återhämtning samtidigt som mindre regioner med färre turister, årligen ser dubbelsiffriga nedgångar på fastighetsvärden. Den starka utländska efterfrågan på semesterbostäder och investeringsobjekt bidrar till en välbehövd injektion av utländskt kapital, men att det kan bidra med något annat än möjligtvis lokala värdeökningar har vi svårt att se. Vad vi tror krävs för en generell värdeökning av det spanska fastighetsbeståndet är en starkare inhemsk efterfråga, något som ligger flera år fram i tiden. Vi har vidare valt att fördjupa vårt arbete på staden Barcelona. Det finns indikationer på att stadens fastighetsmarknad börjar närma sig botten och med ett konstant tillflöde av turister skulle en investering i ett vandrarhem eller i korttidsboenden kunna ge en god avkastning fram tills dagen man väljer att avyttra fastigheten. I arbetet har vi jämfört två investeringsalternativ i Barcelona. Vandrarhemsverksamhet och bostadslägenheter för korttidsuthyrning till turister. Resultatet av arbetet leder oss till slutsatsen att en investering i den Spanska fastighetsmarknaden måste uppvägas av ett starkt kassaflöde. Vi finner därför alternativet korttidsboenden som den bästa investeringen av de två.
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Chen, Fen-Ling. „Equal opportunities in the labour market : the state and gender in Taiwan“. Thesis, University of Bath, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.263232.
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King, S. H. „Changing opportunities for young people in the labour market and public policy“. Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.371917.
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Lyon, Scott William. „Breaking down barriers: Market opportunities for Appalachian forest products in Central America“. Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34328.
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The research purpose was to determine strengths and weaknesses of Appalachian wood products sales in Central America. In the future, there may be a greater need for international forest products in Central America due to increasing population size, tourism, and deforestation. Potential market opportunities for Appalachian forest product companies in Central America were evaluated and strategies were developed to increase exports from Appalachian wood product companies. Interviews of Central American wood products wholesalers and government and non-government officials were conducted to determine the current situation of the forest, the demand for local wood production, and potential for future production of wood products. A survey of wood products retailers and manufacturers was conducted to determine drivers and barriers of the sale of Appalachian wood products in Central America. Models were developed to describe relationships between company performance and suppliers and a series of independent variables (e.g, supplier promotion, product attributes).
Results suggested that U.S. wood products companies have not put enough effort into marketing forest products in Central America. Central American wood products consumers lack knowledge of Appalachian wood products and their advantages over wood products currently used. Inconsistencies between Appalachian and Central American wood products industries (e.g., dimensions, species terminology) act as a barrier to efficient exchange of wood products. Models suggest that companies may need to focus on barriers to increase company performance. The best market strategies for Appalachian forest products companies to increase sales into Central America are: partner with local wholesalers, offer higher value-added products, maintain similar pricing with competition, and offer sales and product discounts.Master of Science
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Wu, Xin. „The European Union labor market :opportunities and challenges from the Eastern enlargement“. Thesis, University of Macau, 2018. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b3953684.
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Tomari, Yukako, und yukakotomari@hotmail com. „Investigation the tween girls fashion market in Melbourne: Opportunities for expansion and adaptation“. RMIT University. Architecture & Design, 2009. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20090317.141901.
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In the last decade, children who are in the age range between childhood and adolescence, the so called 'tweens', have captured the attention and a great deal of interest of marketers and many commercial stakeholders in different fields of business due to their significant spending power and specific culture. Tweens are now much more strongly targeted by marketers and businesses than were the previous generation; girls in particularly are targeted more than boys. Within a fashion context, tween girls are expanding their influence and their consumer power in the market. Following the global acknowledgement of tweens, in Australia, and in Melbourne in particular, tween fashion retailers have been emerging and evolving recently in response to the market's interest and demand for tween fashion. The tween girls' fashion consumption has a viability and is seen a major emergent marketing phenomenon one that is predicted to expand. There is currently a debate in Australia whether tween girls dress inappropriately as adults. This may be a result of the absence of a particular tween girls fashion sector in fashion industry in Melbourne. Further development will be significant in providing age-appropriate clothing range for the market. In order to achieve this, it is necessary to investigate the market segment. A case study of a Japanese company is used to gain further understanding of current and future developments within the market. The case study will provide some background information to the situation being presented and assist in the analysis of possible suggestions and recommendations. The tween girls fashion industry incorporates many different factors. There is a specific focus on the opportunities for expansion and adaptation in the market segment. This research investigates the tween girls' fashion segment in Australia to identify and understand its relationship with respect to fashion marketing and consumption. It also identifies the gaps or opportunities in the market and proposes business opportunities to address these gaps. This research demonstrates the possibility for the market development of tween girls in Melbourne.
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McPherson, Angus J. „Market opportunities and strategies for New Zealand grown radiata pine in the UK“. Thesis, Bangor University, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.333689.
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Stolyarik, Alexander V. 1974. „Opportunities and obstacles for US investors in Moscow : office market comparative return study“. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/29788.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2003.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 94-96).
Moscow in recent years has seen significant changes in the amount of investment grade office space. In the period before the financial crisis of 1998, in which Russia defaulted on its debt and the ruble was drastically devalued, many foreign investors saw great opportunity in the Moscow office market. What attracted foreigners then was the scarcity of suitable space for many foreign companies looking for offices in Moscow and the changes taking place in Russian law concerning ownership of land and real property. With the advent of the 1998 crisis the interest of foreigners waned, but that of cash-rich Russian companies and individuals, principally from the natural resources sector, grew in intensity. Since then and for myriad reasons that I shall examine in this study, Russian investors appear to have successfully held the foreigners at bay. Just what advantages do the Russians continue to have over foreigners other than their opportunistic entry post 1998? How are these advantages measured in risk-adjusted terms? What is the source of these advantages? Are they likely to be sustained to the point that foreign investors will be reluctant to compete in Moscow's real estate market? Using US investors as an example, this study seeks to find answers to these questions and, to a modest extent, forecast near-term returns while describing risks involved in the emerging Russian economy.
by Alexander V. Stolyarik.
S.M.
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Lam, Terence T. (Terence Ting Yin). „The affordability of China's residential real estate market and opportunities for property developers“. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/65807.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2011.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 67-68).
China has the largest housing market in the world and the property market continues to advance at an astonishing pace. In 2009, 22.2% of China's RMB 19.3 trillion fixed asset investment and 17.9% of foreign direct investment were invested into the real estate sector. At the same time, the highly dynamic market structure and huge regional disparities in China created mixed interpretation and confusion. Nationwide statistics blending urban and suburban prices and the indifferent treatment towards subsidized housing and private housing overshadowed the actual development on the local level. With unprecedented investment pouring into the Chinese real estate market and sky rocketing property prices in most major cities, the legendary short-seller James Chanos described the Chinese real estate sector as "Dubai times 1,000 - or worse". Yet, another American financial guru Jim Rogers openly debunked the statement from James Chanos and remained his bullish views on China. This thesis is divided into two sections. First it reviews the historical development from the Chinese property market. The paper explores the current situation of the market and focuses on the affordability comparison between the national level and the local levels. On a national level, housing prices grow at a pace similar to China's GDP growth supported by an even faster growth in income levels. Affordability ratios are in line with international standards and below the levels experienced by Japan and US during their bubble era. At the local level, different cities experienced drastic differences in price growth and supply surpluses. In some cities, even the suburban areas are beyond the affordability of an average household. In the second section, this paper explores the development of affordable housing, the new frontier of Chinese real estate market. The emergence of the affordable housing market together with new housing policies has different implications and opportunities to the incumbent property developers as well as potential low-end disruptors in China. This paper concludes with recommendations on some of the available investment options for a bearish investor in the Chinese real estate market.
by Terence T. Lam.
S.M.
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Wang, Ya S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. „Recognition of business opportunities for Chinese private investors in U.S. real estate market“. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/77135.
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Thesis (S.M. in Real Estate Development)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Program in Real Estate Development in Conjunction with the Center for Real Estate, 2012.Cataloged from department-submitted PDF version of thesis. This electronic version was submitted and approved by the author's academic department as part of an electronic thesis pilot project. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 83-87).
Real estate investment is becoming increasingly international. As China's economy rises as a major force in the world, its continuous growth in fiscal surpluses and accumulation of wealth are making up an expanding segment of the capital market. Traditionally, state-owned enterprises (SOE) and banks were important sources of international real estate investment from China; more recently, increasing high-net-worth individuals and private real estate equity funds have merged and are seeking opportunities around the world. This paper identifies the important policy indicators that are pertinent to Chinese private investors' activities in the U.S. real estate market, examines the investment landscape in both countries, gives particular attention to associated challenges, barriers and risks, and finally explores the potential business opportunities that can be recognized and turned into meaningful strategies.
by Ya Wang.
S.M.in Real Estate Development
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Skinner, Michael John. „Older workers' encounter with de-standardised labour market exit : opportunities for biographical management“. Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 2003. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/20814/.
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This study examines how the uncertain nature of older workers' employment has raised the profile of 'identity' as an issue of concern for those currently approaching labour market exit, and how they actively manage this concern within their overall biographical framework. The design involves a grounded-theory analysis of 60 qualitative interviews with men and women aged between 54 and 67, within two years of 'retirement'. Following the life-course tradition, it locates their accounts in historical structures of changing patterns of labour market participation, where 'retirement' timings are less age-structured, more open to personal decision making, and more likely to be influenced by the interaction between work and domestic life-course trajectories. The Heideggerian theoretical concepts of 'temporality' and 'authenticity' are applied to the data to provide insights into how older workers confront dilemmas between their earlier understandings of how and when work was expected to end, and their current experience of de-standardised labour market exit. The research explores how far older workers assert control over their biographical management by ascribing personal meanings to the historically specific choices, tensions, and ambiguities which they encounter through increasingly uncertain employment conditions. The 'existential anxiety' generated by this uncertainty is seen as creating the potential for a different form of self-understanding to emerge. This has implications for how older workers understand themselves at work, and how they come to leave the labour market. A number of personal strategies are identified to explain how older workers rationalise dilemmas of labour market exit within a biographical context to illuminate self-understanding. These strategies require varying degrees of biographical effort to maintain a unique, coherent self, and are found to have a gendered dimension. The results have practical implications for those who support older workers through the exit process, as well as those involved in their recruitment and retention.
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Bhownath, Rinay. „Headline differences between sector valuations on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange : market timing opportunities“. Diss., University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/64864.
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Methods to derive cumulative annual returns (CAR), from stock markets, in-excess of passive buy and hold strategies are popularised in modern culture. Market timing is a proven and systematic method applied by investors to achieve significant CAR. This study investigated the performance of market timing strategies on the JSE by quantitatively assessing the performance of headline differences in sector valuations, as an initiator to switch between a risky and risk-free asset classes. Performance was assessed by calculating each portfolioÕs CAR. Switching triggers were generated using historic daily closing share price data and dual data analysis was completed to determine each portfolioÕs CAR.
Nine JSE industry indices were investigated for use as equity asset classes (risky asset). Daily closing share price data was collected for seven JSE industry indices (J510, J520, J530, J540, J550, J560 and J590) from 1995-2017, J580 from 1960-2017 and from 2002-2015 for the J500. This study calculated maximum CAR possible for each of the nine indices and were found to be within the range 36.7% to 62.4% with a 100% forecasting accuracy. This was out of reach for normal investors. However, the forecasting accuracy required to outperform the associated buy and hold strategy ranged from 80.5% to 87.45%. The key finding being the sizeable CAR possible with associated forecasting accuracies.
To further expand the applicability of this research to investors, two market timing strategies were investigated using a simple ten-month moving average approach. Two riskless assets were examined, being bond (ALBI) and a conservative money market fixed deposit. After including transaction costs (2% per asset switch), four out of nine equity/bond market timing strategy outperformed the associated buy and hold strategy. An equity/bond market timing strategy for the J590 (24% CAR) portfolio beat the associated buy and hold strategy by 13% CAR. Further sensitivity analysis calculated the detrimental effect of high transaction costs and the enhanced CAR of the equity/money market timing strategy with higher fixed deposit rates.
This study further provides evidence of market predictability specifically, short term predictability using the ten-month moving average approach. It is recommended for an investor to adopt an equity/bond market timing strategy using the J590, which achieved the highest CAR over the investigated period. Limitations of this study include inherent look ahead bias and ignoring of taxation.Mini Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
pa2018
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
MBA
Unrestricted
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Processi, Lucas Duarte. „Arbitrage opportunities with a delta-gamma neutral strategy in the Brazilian options market“. reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/19502.
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We investigate arbitrage opportunities in the Brazilian options market. Our research consists inbacktesting several delta-gamma neutral portfolios of options traded in B3 exchange to assessthe possibility of obtaining systematic excess returns. Returns sum up to 400% of the dailyinterbank rate in Brazil (CDI), a rate viewed as risk-free. However, with bootstrap analysis,we find evidence consistent with the absence of arbitrage opportunities in the Brazilian optionsmarket.This approach is different from other studies because the analysis is taken on several options ondifferent underlying assets, which gives us the opportunity to investigate factors that influencethe magnitude of excess returns. Europeanness is the most relevant factor found.
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Yeoh, Daniel Ghee Chong, und danielyeoh@cimb com my. „An Empirical Examination of Physical Asset Expenditure Announcements in Australia: Growth Opportunities, Free Cash Flow and Capital Market Monitoring“. The Australian National University. Commerce, 2001. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20010702.160428.
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This thesis examines the stock market price variations associated with physical asset expenditure announcements in Australia. With the exception of the study of Chen and Ho (1997) in Singapore, most capital expenditure studies in other markets investigate the announcement effects associated with changes in budgeted capital expenditures. The fact that there is almost never any firm level capital budget announcement in Australia presents a unique opportunity to examine individual physical asset expenditure announcements.
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Three primary hypotheses pertaining to growth opportunities, free cash flow theory, and the capital market monitoring argument are developed and tested. These arguments are formulated to explain the abnormal return variations associated with physical asset expenditure announcements. The growth opportunities hypothesis posits that the abnormal returns at physical asset expenditure announcements are positively related to a firm's growth opportunities. Both free cash flow theory and capital market monitoring hypothesis postulate that the abnormal returns at physical asset expenditure announcements are negatively related to a firm's free cash flow, and cash flow respectively. Other control explanators are incorporated from the merger and takeovers literature.
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Event study methodology is used to examine the abnormal returns associated with physical asset expenditure announcements. Two sets of data, intraday and daily, are used to investigate the market reaction. Intraday returns are calculated on a time-weighted approach and two methods are used to calculate intraday abnormal returns. The first method defines abnormal returns as the difference between actual returns and market returns. The second method defines abnormal returns as the difference between market-adjusted returns and market-adjusted returns on a control portfolio. Daily abnormal returns are calculated using the market model.
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Both univariate and multivariate analyses provide strong support for the growth opportunities hypothesis. The results suggest the quality of firms' growth opportunities is the key variable determining the direction and magnitude of the abnormal returns at announcement. Support for the capital monitoring argument and the free cash flow theory is mixed, generally with a lack of support. The free cash flow variable is found to be significantly negatively related to abnormal returns, only when a finer dummy is used in the multivariate regression. All other control variables are found to be insignificant in explaining the stock market variations once the growth opportunities variable is included in the regression.
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This thesis makes the following contributions. First, this thesis presents the initial empirical evidence concerning physical asset expenditure announcements in Australia. Second, the thesis shows that the quality of a firm's growth opportunities is the key factor in determining the direction and magnitude of abnormal returns around physical asset expenditure announcements. These results also suggest that the equity market in Australia reacts to physical asset expenditure announcements which contain information pertaining to growth opportunities rather than the relative size of the physical asset expenditure transactions to firm value. Third, support for the capital monitoring argument and the free cash flow theory is not strong. Fourth, all other control variables are found to be insignificant in explaining the stock market variations once market to book ratio is included in the regression. Fifth, the results suggest that prior research which fails to segregate market to book ratio and free cash flow proxy into finer partitions may have possibly underestimated the market to book and the free cash flow effects.
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Ogowewo, Tunde Idolo Ekemena. „Tender offer regulation : thwarting the market for corporate control through opportunities for defensive litigation“. Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.281714.
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Uhumuavbi, Ikpenmosa. „The legal conceptualisation of investment securities in the Nigerian Capital Market : challenges and opportunities“. Thesis, University of Bolton, 2018. http://ubir.bolton.ac.uk/2027/.
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Tensions created by continuous disruption in the financial landscape leading to increased market convergence have suddenly rekindled the age long philosophical dispute between ‘form’ and ‘function’ as it relates to the conflict between indigenous and received legal traditions. This research tests these competing theories in the conceptualisation of securities. The formalist explanation considers the degree of institutional influence a sole reliance on legal texts play in achieving statutory coherence and utility; such as applying the strict interpretation of legal letters to reduce the uncertainties of contexts. By contrast, the functional explanation captures the limitation of legal texts without an examination of contexts. Therefore, statutory design and definition must seek to operationalise the outcomes of historical, political, economic, and socio-cultural contexts in its formation. This research raises the hypothesis that formalism places significant constraints on the language of statute to optimise products development, while functionalism enables the aggregation of legal and non-legal themes to create products. It goes further to tests these hypotheses on critical literature review and on a data set of regulatory agencies and market participants in Nigeria. It explores the conflicts created and how they continuously erode the underlying conceptual structure of securities. The research finds strong support for the functionalist context sensitive explanations. Therefore by developing and proposing a functional court-centred context-sensitive model as solution, this research suggests that formalist structure contributes to definitional incoherence of securities and places significant constraints on the capacity of language to optimise securities laws for increased product development in capital markets. The research further stresses the usefulness of real world semantics within language philosophy in shaping representionality of legal texts by providing a basis for the context sensitive conceptualisation. Through the use of focused group case study research technique, the thesis identified the legal obstacles to the conceptualisation of securities in the Nigerian Capital Market. It clarifies the place of negotiability, transferability and circularity components within the context of securities concepts of rights and duties. This is with a view to unearthing the legal nature of negotiable risk that sits at the core of securities. The research proposes a context sensitive definition of securities for the Nigerian Capital Market to replace the current definition in Section 315 of Investment and Securities Act 2007.
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Bergson, Robert Harris. „Obstacles and opportunities in the establishment ofa secondary market for real estate limited partnerships“. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/64531.
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Stenman, Braarup Max. „Labor market opportunities and crime in Sweden : The importance of individuals on the margin“. Thesis, Umeå universitet, Nationalekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-173988.
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This thesis aims to examine the relationship between legal opportunities and crime rates in Swedish counties between 2000-2013. Even though this relationship has been estimate dconsistently in the last 10-15 years, this thesis contributes by study-ing the effects of legal opportunities for men with lower levels of education. This group is often over-represented in crime rates but has seldom been studied specif-ically in relation to crime. According to economic theory, less educated have a smaller opportunity cost of committing a crime compared to those with higher lev-els of education.This is confirmed by the results in this thesis, as increases in theunemployment level for non-college educated males have a larger effect on prop-erty crime rates than the population average unemployment level. As high levels ofcrime lead to large costs for a society, labor market- and educational programs mayhave indirect benefits from lower levels of crime.These benefits may be underes-timated if not examining individuals on the margin between the legal- and illegal sectors.
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Binte, Ruslan Sriyuni, und Yi Ting Wan. „International Entrepreneur : A Network Approach in Market Entry Process in Sweden“. Thesis, Mälardalen University, School of Sustainable Development of Society and Technology, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-6647.
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Background: Globalisation and technology creates an impact in the business world an economy thus leadsmany countries, such as Sweden to encourage foreign investments in their nation by promotion and providing assistance. This phenomenon brings about not only a global market place for firms but also opportunities for individual entrepreneurs with wider business horizon. In this thesis, these individuals are defined as international entrepreneurs. Without prior resources and business networks as of established firms, it is undeniable that an international entrepreneur would face various difficulties when they start their businesses away from home. Networking can be an important tool in gaining opportunities and resources in starting a business abroad thus it may be essential for international entrepreneurs to play a leading role in accessing networks in the hosting country to gain resources. Networks contribute to the dynamism of market entry. Market entry is not just described as ways of entry but could be described as a process and it could be illustrated in three phases: “Opportunity-seeking phase”, “Establishment phase” and “Realized Process phase”
Purpose: The purpose of this dissertation is to understand “how international entrepreneurs managed market entry process in network approach in Sweden”.
Method: A qualitative method approach has been used to achieve the purpose of the thesis. For gaining a better understanding of the topic, authors chose case study and conducted semi-structured interviews to collect data and analyzed it to draw a conclusion.
Conclusion: The case study led us to find out an inter relations in the growing number and changes of types of networks as the market entry process reached its point of realisation. Further to that, there are some similarities in foreign market entry process of an established firm as compared to an individual entrepreneur, the difference being the types of networks.
Contribution: This thesis would create a better understanding on individual entrepreneurs venturing overseas in particular, the Swedish market. As the focus is on market entry process in networks perspective, this research could benefit potential entrepreneurs and business students.
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Strömbäck, Elon. „Policy by Public Procurement : Opportunities and Pitfalls“. Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Nationalekonomi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-107988.
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In Paper [I], we theoretically assess green public procurement (GPP) as an environmental policy instrument and its ability to lead to the achievement of environmental objectives. Central to our analysis is the extent to which polluting firms choose to adapt to the public sector's environmental requirements and to invest in greener technologies. Our main finding is that the potential of GPP to function as an objective-effective instrument of environmental policy is limited and can actually be counterproductive. From an environmental policy point of view, it is crucial that GPP aims for environmental standards beyond just the technology of the polluting firms and that it is designed with reference to defined environmental objectives. In Paper [II], we use data on Swedish public procurement auctions for internal regular cleaning service contracts to provide novel empirical evidence regarding GPP and its effect on the potential suppliers' decision to submit a bid and their probability of being qualified for supplier selection. We find only a weak effect on supplier behavior, and this suggests that GPP, as used in practice, does not live up to its political expectations. However, several environmental criteria appear to be associated with increased complexity, as indicated by the reduced probability of a bid being qualified in the post-qualification process. As such, GPP appears to have limited or no potential to function as an environmental policy instrument. In Paper [III], I examine how GPP is organized in Sweden and how the potential suppliers respond to varying buyer market shares using data on Swedish public procurement auctions for internal regular cleaning service contracts. The level of GPP stringency is found to vary systematically across authority types, buyer market share, and political coalition in the relevant council or in Parliament. The results also indicate quite a substantial dispersion in GPP stringency, suggesting a low degree of coordination among contracting authorities when implementing the policy. After controlling for GPP stringency and other covariates, increased buyer market share is associated with a significant increase in the probability of potential suppliers submitting a bid. The European Commission encourages public authorities to split procurement contracts into multiple contracts in order to increase the competiveness of small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs). In Paper [IV], I use data from Swedish public procurement auctions for internal regular cleaning service contracts to study the effect of contract size and number of contracts on SME participation and probability of winning. The results indicate that SME participation is negatively related to both contract size and the number of contracts in the procurement. A possible interpretation is that reduced contract size in order to stimulate SME participation is counteracted by reduced incentives for them to enter into procurements with multiple contracts. Medium-sized firms are also more successful when bidding for smaller contracts relative to large firms. Nevertheless, the results indicate that the award rate for SMEs is positively correlated with the number of contracts in the procurement.Green Public Procurement: An Efficient Environmental Policy Tool?
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Imtiaz, Asaad. „Business Expansion of Apparel Brands : Accessing opportunities in Apparel/Retail sector in Pakistan“. Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-169.
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The current study aims to investigate the feasibility of international apparel and footwear retailers to expand their business in Pakistan and compete with other brands. It also highlights the business opportunities in Pakistan apparel retail sector and the motivations of international brands behind expansions. This study was conducted with the help of interviews based on diamond model of Porter, and Hofsetede cultural dimensions. The open ended questions were delivered to the professionals electronically while interviews were conducted by telephone. Seven companies from Pakistan were selected for study purpose. Data was analyzed and assessed manually. The study revealed that there is a significant opportunity for international apparel retailers to launch their retail outlets in Pakistan along with some risks. International brands which are financially strong can tackle these risks. However it was concluded that the companies with less financial strength may find it difficult to go in a new market within 5 years. UK brands are already there and brands from other countries are also opening. Overall Pakistan retail sector is growing and people are becoming fashion conscious. This study provides information to International apparel brands which they can take into consideration while entering Pakistan's apparel retail market. It also gives an opportunity for assessment of market in the light of theoretical modules and shows a direction of getting better market share by launching.