Dissertationen zum Thema „Marges continentales – Andes (nord)“
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Aizprua, Carlos. „Structure et développement du bassin d'avant-arc du sud-ouest des Andes du Nord“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2018-2021), 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LILUR001.
The SW Ecuador‐NW Peru forearc region is the southernmost location, where the Caribbean large igneous province (CLIP) interacted with the South American margin since the Late Cretaceous. The accretion of the CLIP to the margin led to the entrapment of the North Andean crustal Sliver, conforming the underlying basement of the forearc region in Ecuador, whereas in NW Peru, forearc depocenters involve rocks of continental affinity. Many existing tectonic reconstructions have treated these two areas independently, largely based on their crustal affinities. In contrast, this study integrates previous studies into an analysis of unpublished seismic profiles, potential field data, outcrop stratigraphy, and recent studies dealing with the dynamics of allochthonous terrane accretion along continental margins. Our integrated approach shows that SW Ecuador was dominated by a Late Cretaceous deforming outer wedge, which may have constituted a remnant of a northeast or northwest dipping obliquely obducted oceanic block at the edge of the CLIP. This tectonic phase was governed by plate instability, affecting NW Peru and SW Ecuador, followed by reestablishment of the margin by early Eocene. The resulting margin configuration and the spatial distribution of the different tectonic elements seem to have played a key role in the further Cenozoic development of the forearc region. The model presented in this study proposes that the accretion of buoyant oceanic terranes may have had a profound impact on the early margin configuration of SW Ecuador and NW Peru and led to the development of localized but genetically related forearc depocenters
Soler, Pierre. „Contribution à l'étude du magmatisme associé aux marges actives : pétrographie, géochimie et géochimie isotopique du magmatisme crétacé à pliocène le long d'une transversale des Andes du Pérou central : implications géodynamiques“. Paris 6, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA066637.
Poydenot, Frédéric. „Le canyon de Toulon : morphologie et sédimentation (Méditerranée nord-occidentale)“. Aix-Marseille 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993AIX22095.
Lapouyade, Agnès. „Quantification, variabilité saisonnière et comparaison du transport advectif de la matière particulaire sur différentes marges continentales en Méditerranée nord“. Aix-Marseille 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX30110.
The continental margins are the receptacle of the continental inputs and form a buffer zone with the open ocean. Significant quantities of matter and energy transit on these margins under the effect of a very active hydrodynamism. This work focus on the study of advective transport between the continental shelf and the open ocean, of the paniculate matter and organic carbon. The objectives are to provide a seasonal and, if possible, annual quantification of advective paniculate flux and to consider the importance of the shelf-basin exchanges in the total budgets of the margins by identification of the principal mechanisms responsible for these exchanges and their relative importance. Three sites in the Northern Mediterranean were studied within the framework of the european programs METRO-MED and MATER: Gulf of Lions, Gulf of Thermaikos and the shelf of Samothrace. Data of eight oceanographic cruises were used. They cover, at least, the two principal hydrological seasons: the stratified summer period and the not stratified winter period Concentrations of paniculate organic carbon and matter are derived from light-transmission data and water sample analyses. The circulation is determined from the geostrophic current field. The uncertainty on the transport estimation, related to the error on the prediction of the particle concentrations and to the error on speeds, is assessed. Particulate matter flux result mainly from the water flux variations rather than from variations of paniculate matter concentration. These fluxes vary seasonally and present a maximum intensity in winter. Also the autochthonous and allochtonous paniculate inputs as well as the intensity of the exchange processes between the shelf and the basin, on these three margins present a winter intensification. The studied margins show different behaviours with regard to the exchanges from paniculate matter and organic carbon with the open ocean. A compilation of annual budgets estimated from the seasonal budgets of the margins in the Northern Mediterranean, suggest that the Gulf of Lions exports paniculate matter offshore whereas the other margins import matter
Pascal, André. „Les Systèmes biosédimentaires urgoniens Aptien-Albien sur la marge Nord-ibérique /“. Dijon : Institut des sciences de la terre, 1985. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb34840930j.
Thommeret, Michel. „Tectonique comparee des marges continentales sarde (mer tyrrhenienne-italie) et falicienne (nord-ouest de l'iberie)“. Paris 6, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA066701.
Mitouard, Pierre. „La marge active nord-péruvienne : étude paléomagnétique et modélisation analogique“. Paris 11, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA112164.
Le, Breton Eline. „L'ouverture différentielle de l'océan Atlantique Nord-Est et ses effets sur les déformations postbreak-up des marges continentales“. Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00714418.
Pincivy, Alix. „Géochronologie 40Ar/39Ar et analyse structurale de la zone Humber des Appalaches de Gaspésie (Québec, Canada) : implications sur la tectonique des Appalaches du nord“. Rennes 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REN10017.
Baltzer, Agnès. „Dynamique sédimentaire des marges de nouvelle Ecosse et des entreés de la Manche au quaternaire“. Brest, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BRES2027.
Pambou, Laurent. „Propriétés sédimentologiques et géotechniques des sédiments récents de la marge Nord-Mozambique et de la chaîne Davie (canal de Mozambique, océan Indien)“. Nice, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NICE4211.
Mougamba, Rigobert. „Chronologie et architecture des systèmes turbiditiques cénozoïques du prisme sédimentaire de l'Ogooué (Marge Nord-Gabon)“. Lille 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LIL10082.
Les corps progradants sont représentés par des séquences de dépôt de 0. 5 à 5 Ma. La rampe paléogène comprend les trois éventails turbiditiques majeurs alimentés par de grands canyons, par contre, le système deltaïque montre des petits éventails à des vallées incisées et à des distributaires deltaïques. Douze lithofaciès fondamentaux correspondant à cinq environnements de dépôt ont été caractérisés sur carottes. Les debris flows et les faciès sableux de chenaux sont dominants dans les canyons miocènes, au droit du paléo-Ogooué. Le remplissage de ces canyons présente des séquences de groupement de chenaux d'origine allocyclique, en relation avec la structuration de la marge. Par contre, les séquences de remplissage des chenaux seraient liés à des processus d'avulsion. Leur superposition détermine une architecture générale rétrogressive, en relation avec une remontée du niveau marin relatif ; les chenaux deviennent corrélativement plus méandriformes. Les canyons éloignés du dépôt-centre présentent un remplissage contouritique dominant. Ce travail souligne la prédominance du forçage tectonique dans la construction du prisme de l'Ogooué
Lataste, Raymond. „Etude du rôle des variations de température du manteau dans la structuration et la segmentation des marges continentales passives“. Toulouse 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU30215.
Courp, Thierry. „Flux et bilans de matière dans un environnement de marge continentale : la marge nord-occidentale méditerranéenne“. Perpignan, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PERP0096.
Germain, Claire. „Les sucres marqueurs de transferts de matière : application d'une nouvelle méthode chromatographique à l'étude de la marge nord-occidentale méditerranéenne“. Perpignan, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PERP0141.
Thinon, Isabelle. „Structure profonde de la Marge Nord Gascogne et du Bassin Armoricain“. Phd thesis, Université de Bretagne occidentale - Brest, 1999. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00605279.
Stabholz, Marion. „Impact of dense water formations on the particulate organic matter dynamics : application to the gulf of Lion margin“. Perpignan, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PERP1245.
Ruellan, Etienne. „Géologie des marges continentales passives : Evolution de la marge atlantique du Maroc (Mazagan) : Etude par submersible, seabeam et sismique réflexion : Comparaison avec la marge N.O. africaine et la marge homologue E. américaine“. Brest, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985BRES0014.
Mvondo, Owono François. „Surrection cénozoïque de l'Ouest de l'Afrique à partir de deux exemples : Le plateau sud-namibien et la marge nord-camerounaise“. Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00583094.
Hernández, Salazar María José. „Evolution of the forearc basins in Ecuador : from the accretion of oceanic allochthonous terranes to the uplift of the Andes and Coastal Cordilleras“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUS236.
Ecuador offers a remarkable opportunity to study the evolution of forearc basins installed on accreted oceanic plateau. The interpretation of a network of industrial 2D-Multichannel Seismic Reflection profiles, calibrated with borehole data and regional stratigraphy, allowed to determine the main stages of the forearc evolution. The pre and syn-accretionary stages were documented in the current inner basins by Campanian volcanoclastic deposits sourced by the volcanic island arc which topped the oceanic plateau. NE dipping thrusts ruled shortening at the beginning of the oblique collision between the oceanic plateau and continental plate. Reverse faults and folds are synchronous with a regional erosion linked the end of the accretion during the early-middle Eocene. The forearc sensu-stricto domain is established coeval with the subduction of Farallón plate under South American plate. A regional extensional regimen initiated the double forearc basin configuration along the future Coastal Cordillera during the early Neogene. This phase coincides with the subduction of the Nazca plate, which marks the initiation of modern forearc basins. The basin subsidence during the Miocene was led by the orogenic building effects of the Andean reliefs. The segmentation of the margin is a response of regional uplifts related to strike-slip and reverse reactivation of inherited crustal faults during the Plio-Pleistocene ages. The collision and subduction of the Carnegie ridge explain the forearc segmentation and the coeval Costal Cordillera exhumation. This study provides a remarkable example of the evolution of a non-accretionary-type forearc basin influenced by volcanic ridge subduction
Reyes, Pedro. „Évolution du relief le long des marges actives : étude de la déformation Plio-Quaternaire de la cordillère côtière d'Équateur“. Phd thesis, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00835324.
Biari, Youssef. „Structure profonde de la marge Nord-Ouest Africaine“. Thesis, Brest, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BRES0080/document.
The NE American margin represents one of the best studied margins in the world, it was the subject of several scientific programs. In comparison, the conjugate NW African margin remains fairly unknown, only two deep seismic cruises were acquired: the SISMAR cruise (2001) offshore the Meseta and the DAKHLA cruise (2002) offshore the Sahara. The deep structure of the Canadian margin is known due to the SMART wide-angle seismic profiles 1, 2 and 3. The first objective of the MIRROR project was to acquire combined wide-angle and deep reflection seismic data offshore a segment conjugate to the SMART-1 profile. The comparison between the homologous segments of these two margins aimed to better understand the opening mechanism of the Central Atlantic Ocean. A comparison between Sismar, Dakhla and Mirror models shows that the continental crust is thicker in the north and thins toward the south. The width of the transition zone is narrower south and Sismar profiles are located on a sedimentary basin placed on a very thinned continental crust. Comparing the Mirror profile with that of the Canadian conjugate margin (Smart 1) shows that the thickness, the structure of the continental crust and the thinning is very similar. However, zones of exhumed and serpentinized mantle were imaged along the Canadian profile that have no conjugate on the African margin. Moreover, the thickness of the oceanic crust is variable with 8 km on the African side and only 3-4 km on the Canadian margin. Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain this difference (a) an age difference between the two types of crust (b) thickening associated with the passage of the Canary hotspot (c) an asymmetric accretion or (d) an accretion at slow to ultra-slow speading centers
Watremez, Louise. „Structure profonde et évolution du Nord du golfe d'Aden oriental : sismique réfraction et modélisation thermomécanique“. Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00986994.
Corre, Benjamin. „La bordure nord de la plaque ibérique à l'Albo-Cénomanien : architecture d'une marge passive de type ductile (Chaînons Béarnais, Pyrénées Occidentales)“. Thesis, Rennes 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REN1S083/document.
Sub-continental lithospheric mantle rocks are exhumed at the foot of magma-poor distal passive margins as a response to extreme stretching of the continental crust. Remnants of the Northern Iberian paleo-passive margin are now exposed in the Northern Pyrenees in the Chaînons Béarnais (North Pyrenean Zone: NPZ) and represent field analogues to study the processes of continental crust thinning and subcontinental mantle exhumation. The NPZ results from the inversion of basins opened between the Iberia and Europa plates during Albo-Cenomanian times. In the Chaînons Béarnais ranges the pre-rift Mesozoic sedimentary cover is associated with peridotite bodies in tectonic contact with small size Paleozoic basement lenses. Continental extension developed under hot thermal conditions, as demonstrated by the syn-metamorphic Cretaceous ductile deformation affecting both the crustal basement and the allochtonous Mesozoic cover locally in direct contact with exhumed mantle rocks. In this study, we present structural and geochemical data providing new constraints to the knowledge of extreme crustal thinning processes and to reconstruct the evolution of the northern Iberia paleo-margin. The pre-rift cover was detached from its Paleozoic bedrock at the Keuper evaporites level and was welded to mantle rocks during their exhumation in the bottom of the basins. The crust/mantle detachment fault is a major shear zone characterized by anastomosed shear bands defining a plurimetric phacoidal fabric at the top of the serpentinized mantle. Raman Spectroscopy on Carbonaceous Materials (RSCM), performed on the Mesozoic cover reveals that the entire sedimentary pile underwent temperatures ranging between 200°C and 480°C. This sedimentary pile displays numerous evidence of infiltration by geological fluids. The fluid/rock interactions went on during the entire extensional events, since early deep phases characterized by ductile deformation, to late shallower stages characterized by brittle deformation. The detachment is marked by a layer of metasomatic rocks, locally up to 20 meters thick, made of talc-chlorite-pyrite-rich rocks that developed under greenschist facies conditions, including fluids derived from mantle rocks serpentinisation. Moreover, isotopes geochemistry (O, C, Sr) and microthermometry/Raman spectrometry of fluid inclusions in a network of calcitic veins (with quartz locally) in the overlying sediments reveal moderate temperatures (~220°C) brines circulation through the whole sedimentary cover during mantle exhumation. These brines likely derived from the dissolution of the local Triassic evaporites, rarely preserved in the Chaînons Béarnais. We developed a conceptual model based on geological evidence from the Chaînons Béarnais. Implying ductile deformation of the middle crust. Counter-regional detachments (dipping toward the continent) are associated to the individualization of mid-crustal thin tectonic lenses which remain welded on the mantle rocks and are exhumed at the floor of the Albian-Cenomanian basins, leaving behind the upper and the lower crust. These crustal lenses welded on mantle rocks then form a large zone of extremely thinned continental crust. Breaking points in this thin crustal sheet allow mantle rocks to come in direct contact with the pre-rift sediments (Saraillé, Turon de la Técouère). Breaking points in the pre-rift cover allow mantle rocks to be completely exhumed to the seafloor (Urdach-Les Pernes)
Gonçalves, Susana Ferreira D. S. „Geophysical characterization of the Crustal structures from Equatorial to North-East Brazilian margins“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Brest, 2023. https://theses.hal.science/tel-04619710.
Adaptation and application of 3D gravity inversion with seismic constraint method to the study of the deep crustal structures of the Northwest Brazil passive margins. With a layer-stripping approach, the method has the capacity, robustness and coherency to study the geometry of the Moho discontinuity, or any other crustal layer, within the context of the passive margins environment. The obtained results have sufficient accuracy to distinguish transitions between different domains – continental domain, necking zones and oceanic domain. It is also capable to identify differences within the same domain when analyzing two parallel profiles, for example.Imaging of deep crustal structures with Reverse Time Migration method applied to two Wide-Angle Seismic data profiles, acquired by Ocean Bottom Seismometers and Land Seismic Stations. The method has capacity to image these type of structures in the two domains. The analysis of the two results is an important tool to investigate the shape and geometry of the necking zone even in profiles with asymmetric shooting. It is also shown the essential contribution of the refracted wavefield for its success.Merge of three sub-parallel Wide-Angle Seismic profiles in the Northwest area of Brazil into a unique profile of approximately 1800 km in length, providing an unique perspective on the evolution process of the opening of the South Atlantic Ocean. The merged profile showcases the similarities between the Equatorial and Central margins of the South Atlantic Ocean in spite of the different geodynamic processes and time of opening
Pinheiro, João Marcelo. „Modeling onshore-offshore based in wide-angle seismic data across the Alagoas-Sergipe passive margins, NE Brazil“. Thesis, Brest, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BRES0157/document.
The present thesis is inserted in the SALSA project (Seryipe Alagoas Seismic Acquisition), which was conducted by a collaboration between the Department of Marine Geosciences : IFREMER, the Laboratory of Oceanic Domain IUEM, the Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa (IDL, Portugal), the Universidade de Brasilia (Brazil) and PETROBRAS (Brazil).Seismic shot, Multi-Channel Seismic acquisition (MCS) and Ocean Bottom Seismometers (OBS) deployments were performed by the R/V L'Atalante (IFREMER) along 1-2 profiles.Among them, five were extended onshore by Land Seismic Stations (LSS). P-wave velocity models were constructed based on the joint interpretation of multichannel and wide-angle seismic data using the RAYINVR software.We present models derived from wide-angle refraction and coincident reflection data along two parallel profiles located on the Sergipe-Alagoas basin (SL01 and SL02), extending approximately 220 km and 200 km from the continental shelf to the distal Sergipe basin north to the Vaza-Barris Transfer zone, and one of them, the SL02 prolongates for 150 km through the continent, on Sergipe -Alagoas continental basin and its basement, the Sergipana FoId Belt.The foward modelling of the passive margin in the Sergipe Alagoas basin precisely constrains crustal geometries and segmentation. The crustal geometry puts in question the origin of the Sergipana Fold Belt, when compared with the geometries of the adjacent geological domains, the Sao Francisco Craton and the Borborema Province.The differences between the profiles illuminate the influence of the tectonic inheritance resulted by the Vaza-Barris Transfer Zone. These integrated information allowed some new conjectures around the geodynamic history of the region