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Froment-Ernouf, P., und P. Aboukrat. „La tendinopathie d’Achille dans la xanthomatose cérébrotendineuse : à propos d’un cas“. Médecine et Chirurgie du Pied 36, Nr. 3 (September 2020): 75–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/mcp-2020-0056.
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Un homme de 55 ans est examiné à la consultation des pathologies du pied du CHU de Montpellier pour une tendinopathie bilatérale d’Achille. Il a pour antécédents une paraplégie spastique évolutive, un retard mental léger, un retard d’acquisition de la marche marqué par une démarche spastique, une difficulté à participer aux activités physiques et sportives scolaires depuis l’enfance. Il rapporte, ce qui est confirmé par sa mère présente lors de la consultation, une aggravation progressive des symptômes neurologiques tout au long de sa vie jusqu’en 2016. À l’âge de 53 ans, l’examen clinique retrouve un syndrome tétrapyramidal avec des réflexes vifs et polycinétiques, un signe de Babinski bilatéral, sans déficit sensitif ni moteur, il a de plus une discrète dysarthrie avec une élocution hachée. Sur le plan moteur, la démarche est manifestement neurologique, talonnante dans un premier temps mais aussi associée à un steppage bilatéral ainsi qu’à une légère ataxie. Il marche sans limitation du périmètre de marche et sans aide de marche. L’examen podoscopique ne retrouve pas de désaxation majeure de l’arrière-pied en dehors d’un discret valgus de l’arrièrepied, mais surtout un empâtement bilatéral au niveau des tendons calcanéens. On remarque également une tuméfaction bilatérale des tendons d’Achille à la palpation, sans nodule ni signes inflammatoires locaux, indolore. Devant l’aspect tuméfié des tendons d’Achille et du tableau neurologique aspécifique est évoqué le diagnostic de xanthomatose cérébrotendineuse (XCT), diagnostic probable par les lésions cérébrales à l’examen IRM, l’aspect échographique et IRM des tendons d’Achille et confirmé par l’anomalie chromosomique. La XCT est une maladie rare, autosomique récessive, causée par une mutation génétique du chromosome q33-qter modifiant l’enzyme 27-sterol-hydroxylase (CYP27). Le patient était atteint de troubles neurologiques, et notamment neuro-orthopédiques non étiquetés depuis la petite enfance. La mise en évidence des tuméfactions diffuses et indolores présentées au niveau des deux tendons d’Achille a permis d’orienter vers le diagnostic de XCT et l’instauration d’un traitement palliatif et chélateur, l’acide chénodésoxycholique, visant à ralentir l’évolution de la maladie, le traitement étiologique n’étant pas disponible à ce jour.
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Froment-Ernouf, P., und P. Aboukrat. „La tendinopathie d’Achille dans la xanthomatose cérébrotendineuse : à propos d’un cas“. Médecine et Chirurgie du Pied 36, Nr. 3 (September 2020): 75–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/mcp-2020-0056.
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Un homme de 55 ans est examiné à la consultation des pathologies du pied du CHU de Montpellier pour une tendinopathie bilatérale d’Achille. Il a pour antécédents une paraplégie spastique évolutive, un retard mental léger, un retard d’acquisition de la marche marqué par une démarche spastique, une difficulté à participer aux activités physiques et sportives scolaires depuis l’enfance. Il rapporte, ce qui est confirmé par sa mère présente lors de la consultation, une aggravation progressive des symptômes neurologiques tout au long de sa vie jusqu’en 2016. À l’âge de 53 ans, l’examen clinique retrouve un syndrome tétrapyramidal avec des réflexes vifs et polycinétiques, un signe de Babinski bilatéral, sans déficit sensitif ni moteur, il a de plus une discrète dysarthrie avec une élocution hachée. Sur le plan moteur, la démarche est manifestement neurologique, talonnante dans un premier temps mais aussi associée à un steppage bilatéral ainsi qu’à une légère ataxie. Il marche sans limitation du périmètre de marche et sans aide de marche. L’examen podoscopique ne retrouve pas de désaxation majeure de l’arrière-pied en dehors d’un discret valgus de l’arrièrepied, mais surtout un empâtement bilatéral au niveau des tendons calcanéens. On remarque également une tuméfaction bilatérale des tendons d’Achille à la palpation, sans nodule ni signes inflammatoires locaux, indolore. Devant l’aspect tuméfié des tendons d’Achille et du tableau neurologique aspécifique est évoqué le diagnostic de xanthomatose cérébrotendineuse (XCT), diagnostic probable par les lésions cérébrales à l’examen IRM, l’aspect échographique et IRM des tendons d’Achille et confirmé par l’anomalie chromosomique. La XCT est une maladie rare, autosomique récessive, causée par une mutation génétique du chromosome q33-qter modifiant l’enzyme 27-sterol-hydroxylase (CYP27). Le patient était atteint de troubles neurologiques, et notamment neuro-orthopédiques non étiquetés depuis la petite enfance. La mise en évidence des tuméfactions diffuses et indolores présentées au niveau des deux tendons d’Achille a permis d’orienter vers le diagnostic de XCT et l’instauration d’un traitement palliatif et chélateur, l’acide chénodésoxycholique, visant à ralentir l’évolution de la maladie, le traitement étiologique n’étant pas disponible à ce jour.
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von Rohrscheidt, Julia, Elisabetta Petrozziello, Jelena Nedjic, Christine Federle, Lena Krzyzak, Hidde L. Ploegh, Satoshi Ishido, Alexander Steinkasserer und Ludger Klein. „Thymic CD4 T cell selection requires attenuation of March8-mediated MHCII turnover in cortical epithelial cells through CD83“. Journal of Experimental Medicine 213, Nr. 9 (08.08.2016): 1685–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20160316.
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Deficiency of CD83 in thymic epithelial cells (TECs) dramatically impairs thymic CD4 T cell selection. CD83 can exert cell-intrinsic and –extrinsic functions through discrete protein domains, but it remains unclear how CD83’s capacity to operate through these alternative functional modules relates to its crucial role in TECs. In this study, using viral reconstitution of gene function in TECs, we found that CD83’s transmembrane domain is necessary and sufficient for thymic CD4 T cell selection. Moreover, a ubiquitination-resistant MHCII variant restored CD4 T cell selection in Cd83−/− mice. Although during dendritic cell maturation CD83 is known to stabilize MHCII through opposing the ubiquitin ligase March1, regulation of March1 did not account for CD83’s TEC-intrinsic role. Instead, we provide evidence that MHCII in cortical TECs (cTECs) is targeted by March8, an E3 ligase of as yet unknown physiological substrate specificity. Ablating March8 in Cd83−/− mice restored CD4 T cell development. Our results identify CD83-mediated MHCII stabilization through antagonism of March8 as a novel functional adaptation of cTECs for T cell selection. Furthermore, these findings suggest an intriguing division of labor between March1 and March8 in controlling inducible versus constitutive MHCII expression in hematopoietic antigen-presenting cells versus TECs.
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Jabbour, Maurice, Hanna Fares und Lonnie Lybarger. „Post-transcriptional regulation of MARCH1 expression (78.16)“. Journal of Immunology 182, Nr. 1_Supplement (01.04.2009): 78.16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.182.supp.78.16.
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Abstract In antigen presenting cells (APC) ubiquitination regulates the trafficking of immune modulators (e.g. MHC II). MARCH1 (membrane-associated RING-CH), a newly identified ubiquitin E3 ligase expressed in APC, ubiquitinates MHC II and prevents efficient surface expression. Following LPS-induced maturation of dendritic cells (DC), MARCH1 mRNA is downregulated, permitting MHC II redistribution to the cell surface. Here, we show that MARCH1 expression is also regulated at the post-transcriptional level. In primary DC and APC cell lines, MARCH1 is degraded with a half-life of <30 min. MARCH1 degradation appears to occur mostly, if not exclusively, in lysosomes, since inhibiting lysosomal activity stabilized MARCH1 protein levels. Similar stabilization was observed when MARCH1-expressing cells were treated with cysteine protease inhibitors. Mutational analyses of MARCH1 defined discrete domains required for destabilization, proper localization, and functional interaction with substrates. Together, these data suggest that MARCH1 expression is regulated at a post-transcriptional level by trafficking to endocytic compartments where MARCH1 is proteolysed. The short half-life of MARCH1 permits very rapid changes in the levels of the protein in response to changes in the mRNA, resulting in efficient induction of MHC class II and CD86 once APC receive maturational signals. Supported by Arizona Biomedical Research Commission
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Fernández, Fátima. „Une ‘sortie’ en cachette: La discrète disparition de l’Algérie du Marché commun européen (1957-1976)“. Maghreb Review 44, Nr. 1 (2019): 91–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tmr.2019.0021.
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Durr, Rose. „Le snapshot sur le marché de Saint-Mandé“. Photographica 8 (2024): 114–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/11pb8.
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Le marché du snapshot – photographies anciennes à caractère banal, issues de pratiques privées ou professionnelles, également nommées photographies amateur, anonymes, de famille ou encore vernaculaires – s’est lentement développé en France et à Paris au cours des quarante dernières années. Le marché des collectionneurs de Saint-Mandé, dans la proximité immédiate de Paris, en est l’un des lieux clés. À partir d’une étude ethnographique de quelques stands de ce marché, et d’échanges avec plusieurs de ses acteurs et actrices, cet article se propose d’étudier les valeurs accordées aux snapshots, notamment la valeur marchande, qui dépend de multiples facteurs et de mécanismes institutionnels parfois discrets. Les snapshots apparaissent ainsi pris dans de multiples valeurs, concurrentes et complémentaires, qui s’enchevêtrent. Il s’agit ici de rendre compte des pratiques observées à Saint-Mandé, et du rôle des individus rencontrés dans l’attribution de valeurs aux snapshots.
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Jabbour, Maurice, Erin M. Campbell, Hanna Fares und Lonnie Lybarger. „Discrete Domains of MARCH1 Mediate Its Localization, Functional Interactions, and Posttranscriptional Control of Expression“. Journal of Immunology 183, Nr. 10 (30.10.2009): 6500–6512. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.0901521.
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Pereira, Carla Sonsino, und Isabel de Camargo Neves Sacco. „Desigualdade estrutural discreta de membros inferiores é suficiente para causar alteração cinética na marcha de corredores?“ Acta Ortopédica Brasileira 16, Nr. 1 (2008): 28–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1413-78522008000100005.
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Desigualdade de membros inferiores (DMI) está presente em cerca de 70% da população geral, podendo ser do tipo estrutural onde existe diferença no comprimento de estruturas ósseas, ou funcional, como resultado de alterações mecânicas dos membros inferiores. A desigualdade pode ainda ser classificada quanto a sua magnitude, sendo discreta, moderada, ou grave. As desigualdades discretas têm sido associadas especificamente à fratura por estresse, dor lombar e osteoartrite, e quando uma desigualdade está presente em indivíduos cuja sobrecarga mecânica é acentuada pela sua prática profissional, diária ou recreativa, estas alterações ortopédicas podem se manifestar precoce e gravemente. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar e comparar a força reação do solo (FRS) durante a marcha de corredores com e sem DMI discreta. Os resultados mostraram que os sujeitos com desigualdades de 0,5 a 2,0 cm apresentaram no membro menor maiores valores da força vertical mínima (0,57 ± 0,07 PC) em relação ao membro maior (0,56 ± 0,08 PC). Logo, sujeitos com DMI discreta adotam mecanismos compensatórios capazes de gerar sobrecarga adicional ao sistema musculoesquelético para promover uma marcha simétrica como demonstrado pelos valores do Índice de Simetria Absoluto das variáveis da FRS vertical e horizontal.
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Cecchini, Laurence. „Différenciation du produit et concurrence oligopolistique. Une étude du marché automobile français“. Revue économique 51, Nr. 1 (01.01.2000): 103–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/reco.p2000.51n1.0103.
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Résumé Les modèles de choix discrets ont récemment été utilisés pour étudier les marchés de produits différenciés. Le modèle estimé ici associe des demandes définies par un modèle Logit multinomial emboîté à une offre oligopolistique dispensée par des firmes multiproduits ayant un comportement non coopératif. Une application est réalisée sur le marché automobile français. Nous déterminons les caractéristiques des produits et des individus qui influencent les achats et donc les parts de marché des véhicules. Nous proposons également des éléments d'analyse des effets générés par la prime à la qualité, qui était en vigueur en France en 1994 et 1996, ainsi que des marges des producteurs.
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Blachère, S. „Temps de coupure pour les marches aléatoires sur le groupe de Heisenberg discret“. Annales de l'Institut Henri Poincare (B) Probability and Statistics 39, Nr. 4 (August 2003): 621–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0246-0203(03)00017-7.
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Fomba Kamga, Benjamin. „Contrats de travail et segmentation du marché du travail dans le secteur manufacturier camerounais“. Articles 88, Nr. 2 (23.09.2013): 197–229. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1018429ar.
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L’objectif de cet article est d’étudier les différentiels de salaires entre les différents contrats de travail observés dans les entreprises formelles du secteur manufacturier camerounais en utilisant une technique économétrique qui traite les statuts contractuels comme une variable endogène, discrète et multinomiale. La particularité du marché du travail camerounais est prise en compte à travers le caractère écrit ou verbal du contrat de travail. Les données utilisées ont été collectées dans le cadre du projet sur « Les conditions de travail dans le secteur manufacturier camerounais » réalisée en 2006. Les analyses économétriques basées sur un échantillon de 1809 employés permettent de montrer que : (i) les contrats de travail constituent une base de la segmentation du marché du travail, (ii) le différentiel salarial entre les employés sous contrat verbal et ceux sous contrat à durée déterminée est expliqué par la différence des caractéristiques entre les deux groupes d’employés alors que le différentiel salarial entre les employés sous contrat à durée indéterminée et ceux sous contrat à durée déterminée est mieux expliqué par la précarité de l’emploi c’est-à-dire le fait d’être sur le marché secondaire.
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Ben Maatoug, Abderrazak, Ibrahim Fatnassi und Abdelawhed Omri. „Efficacité de l’intervention de la banque centrale islandaise en présence d’asymétrie d’information avec les spéculateurs“. Économie appliquée 64, Nr. 1 (2011): 43–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/ecoap.2011.3556.
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Nous avons testé dans cet article l’efficacité de l’intervention stérilisée de la banque centrale islandaise à travers le canal «noise trading». Cet effet suppose que le marché soit dominé par des «noise traders» ayant un comportement de chartistes et que la banque centrale doit intervenir d’une manière discrète pour être plus efficace. Notre étude empirique tend à supporter cet effet, par le recours à des modèles logit et probit, pour l’ensemble de l’échantillon ainsi que pour la période de crise financière.
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Sihombing, Pardomuan Robinson, Yudhie Andriyana und Bertho Tantular. „Regularized Ordinal Regression with Elastic Net Approach (Case Study: Poverty Modeling in Yogyakarta Province 2018)“. CAUCHY 6, Nr. 4 (30.05.2021): 296–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.18860/ca.v6i4.11758.
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Generally, modeling poverty aims to obtain the best criteria for assessing poverty status. There are two approaches to model the factors that affect poverty, namely consumption approach and discrete choice model. The advantage of the discrete choice model compared to the consumption approach is that the discrete choice model provides a probabilistic estimate for classifying samples into different poverty categories. This study aims to examined how the factors that affect poverty in Yogyakarta through Regularized Ordinal Regression with elastic net approach both for parallel, non-parallel, and semi-parallel models. The data used in this study is Susenas March 2018 for Yogyakarta provinces. The result of this study shows that the best discrete choice model for Yogyakarta’s modelling is the parallel model. Households that live in villages, have a large number of household members, are headed by women, have elderly household heads, have low education, and work in the primary sector tend to be more vulnerable to poverty. Therefore, a simultaneous policy with inclusive economic development is needed to reduce cross-border, cross-gender, and cross-sector inequality
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Prinja, Raman K., und Huib F. Henrichs. „Narrow Absorption Components in The UV Spectra of HD110432 (B1 IIIe)“. International Astronomical Union Colloquium 92 (August 1987): 265–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100116355.
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We present high resolution IUE ultraviolet observations of multiple narrow absorption components seen in the SiIII, NV, SiIV, and CIV profiles of the B1 IIIe star, HD110432. Spectra taken during March 1986, spanning ∼ 11 days, are modelled using line profile fits. Central velocities and column densities of the discrete features are derived.The 11 observations obtained during March 1986 (SWP24923–28031) exhibit only minimal line profile variability, but are substantially different from the only other available IUE spectrum of HD110432, taken in April 1981 (fig. 1). This previous image reveals just a single extremely narrow (FWHM ∼ 50 km/s) feature at ∼ 1360 km/s.
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Gingrich, Luann Good, Rupa Banerjee und Naomi Lightman. „Differential Economic Inclusion: The Conversion of Symbolic Capital to Material Capital in Canada's Fractured Labour Market“. Canadian Ethnic Studies 55, Nr. 2 (2023): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ces.2023.a902149.
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Abstract: This study analyzes data from the 2020 General Social Survey to examine how the economic conversion value of formal and informal social capital differs for immigrants across gender identification and "visible minority" status relative to white native-born Canadians. Using a Bourdieusian theoretical framework, the study assesses the social structures and symbolic economy of the labour market as a social field. Results show that while white men are favoured in economic terms in the labour market, they generally hold less informal (operationalized as contact with friends and relatives) and formal (operationalized as civic engagement) social capital. The conversion value of both forms of social capital is mixed and differs by group, in some instances even showing negative economic returns for racialized immigrants. Our findings demonstrate a discrete race effect for immigrants as well as a gender effect, revealing that the dynamics of economic exclusion operate with precision in the Canadian labour market to make and organize groups. Furthermore, the fragmented nature of the labour market–specifically a sub-field of transnational labour–is evidenced through distinct symbolic economies for dominant and dominated positions. Résumé: Cette étude analyse les données de l'enquête sociale générale de 2020 afin d'examiner comment la valeur de conversion économique du capital social formel et informel diffère pour les immigrants selon leur sexe et leur statut de "minorité visible" par rapport aux Canadiens blancs nés au pays. À l'aide d'un cadre théorique bourdieusien, l'étude évalue les structures sociales et l'économie symbolique du marché du travail en tant que champ social. Les résultats montrent que si les hommes blancs sont favorisés en termes économiques sur le marché du travail, ils disposent généralement de moins de capital social informel (défini comme les contacts avec les amis et la famille) et formel (défini comme l'engagement civique). La valeur de ces deux formes de capital social est variable et diffère selon les groupes. Nos résultats démontrent un effet racial discret pour les immigrants ainsi qu'un effet de genre, révélant que la dynamique de l'exclusion économique et sociale opère avec précision sur le marché du travail canadien pour créer et organiser des groupes. En outre, la nature fragmentée du marché du travail en tant que champ social est mise en évidence par des économies symboliques distinctes pour les positions dominantes et dominées.
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Oliveira, Allana Graim de, William Souza Monteiro und Rafaela Cordeiro de Macêdo. „Intervenção por realidade virtual associada a esteira ergométrica sobre o congelamento de marcha na Doença de Parkinson“. Revista Eletrônica Acervo Saúde 23, Nr. 3 (16.03.2023): e11902. http://dx.doi.org/10.25248/reas.e11902.2023.
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Objetivo: Investigar se a intervenção por Realidade Virtual associado a esteira ergométrica beneficiará o congelamento de marcha no paciente com Doença de Parkinson. Métodos: Um estudo quantitativo, longitudinal, experimental, não controlado e aberto. Incluindo 2 pacientes de ambos os sexos e idade de 77 anos, com diagnóstico de Doença de Parkinson e que possuem congelamento de marcha. Ocorreu em uma clínica de instituto superior, 2 vezes por semana durante 5 semanas, com duração de 30 minutos a sessão. Foram avaliados no pré e pós-tratamento por meio de escalas de Índice de Marcha Dinâmica (IDM), Escala de Congelamento de Marcha (FOG-Q) e Escala Unificada de Avaliação da Doença de Parkinson (UPDRS) para o estadiamento da doença. Resultados: A intervenção levou a uma melhora discreta dos instrumentos de avaliação utilizados, (p=0,684) em IDM, (p=0,776) em FOG-Q e (p=0,544) em UPDRS, enfatizando a melhora principalmente da marcha com dupla tarefa. Conclusão: A intervenção mostrou benefícios no congelamento de marcha, evidenciando a efetividade deste tratamento devido a evolução positiva dos instrumentos utilizados, todavia, não foi um estudo com número elevado de sessões e de participantes, limitando os dados representados.
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Kalil, Ricardo K. „Caso XV: Displasia Fibrosa, Forma Ativa (Fibroma Ossificante)“. Revista Brasileira de Cancerologia 26, Nr. 3 (15.08.2023): 67–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.32635/2176-9745.rbc.1976v26n3.3784.
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Paciente do sexo feminino, com 33 anos de idade, que apresenta dor há 3 meses no joelho esquerdo relacionada com a marcha. Ao exame físico, apresenta discreto aumento de volume na face ântero-lateral da extremidade proximal da tíbia, com aumento de temperatura local.
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Ogundele, Michael. „Conceptualisation Paradigms for Childhood Autism and ADHD Co-occurrence: A Brief Review and Clinical Implications“. European Journal of Therapeutics 31, Nr. 1 (28.02.2025): 51–56. https://doi.org/10.58600/eurjther2502.
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Objectives: ‘Neurodevelopmental disorders’ (NDD) and their related emotional, behavioural, and intellectual disorders (NDEBIDs) include ASD, ADHD and tic disorders. Co-occurrence of NDEBID with each other and with other mental health disorders is the norm. We aimed to review recent research up to March 2024, reporting on the comorbidity of discrete NDEBIDs in general and focus more specifically on the co-occurrence of ADHD and ASD. Methods: This is a narrative review of recent research up to March 2024, reporting on the comorbidity of discrete NDEBIDs in general and focus more specifically on the co-occurrence of ADHD and ASD. Results: Four alternative hypotheses are reviewed to conceptualise how co-occurring NDDs are described. These are concepts of Neuroconstructivism, ‘Neurodevelopmental Disability’, ‘Overarching Spectrum of ASD-ADHD disorder’ and ‘Severe ASD Spectrum’.Neuroconstructivism argues that the brain gradually acquires specialised functions over its developmental period. The term ‘Neurodevelopmental Disability’ has been proposed as an alternative generic term for all NDEBIDs instead of separate discrete diagnoses. An ‘overarching Spectrum of ASD-ADHD disorder’ has been proposed for children and young people (CYP) presenting with range of symptoms across both diagnostic categories. Other researchers have conceptualised the idea of co-occurring ASD and ADHD as a form of ‘severe Autism’ with a unique attentional trait and associated functional impairments, rather than two separate diagnoses. Conclusion: The clinical and therapeutic implications for the ADHD-ASD co-occurrence are discussed. A unified description of NDEBID would buttress their common aetiologies. This would also encourage practitioners not to restrict individuals into constrained diagnostic boxes but to consider the full range of their difficulties, even if they do not meet the seemingly arbitrary threshold levels for diagnosis of the individual conditions.Further research is needed to help analyse important peculiar neuropsychological features among individuals with the co-occurring ASD/ADHD features.
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Bello, Daniela. „Matemática Discreta UTN FRBA: estudio de habilidades cognitivas y evaluación del desempeño en las modalidades virtual vs. presencial / UTN FRBA discrete mathematics: the study of cognitive skills and performance evaluation in virtual modalities vs. face“. Revista Internacional de Tecnologías en la Educación 4, Nr. 2 (19.12.2017): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.37467/gka-revedutech.v4.577.
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RESUMENEn el año 2008 la cátedra de Matemática Discreta de la carrera Ingeniería en Sistemas de Información de la Facultad Regional Buenos Aires de la Universidad Tecnológica Nacional fue convocada por la Secretaría Académica para poner en marcha la modalidad de cursado semipresencial como espacio de formación para alumnos que recursan. El objetivo de este trabajo es dar a conocer un análisis cuantitativo y cualitativo entre las distintas modalidades de dictado de la materia: presencial y a distancia. La guía del mismo es analizar el desempeño del alumno en una u otra modalidad. La actualidad obliga a pensar en el avance constante de la tecnologia y la demanda del estudiante, como así también la plena inclusión e integración de las TICs en la currícula en pos de un resultado satisfactorio, a través de un entorno virtual convertido en “aula virtual”. ABSTRACTIn 2008, Discrete Mathematics of the Information Systems Engineering Course of the Regional Buenos Aires school, National Technological University was summoned by the Academic Secretariat to implement the blended learning as an educational framework for students who are attending the course for the second time. The aim of this paper is to provide a quantitative and qualitative analysis between different teaching approaches, classroom and distance. The guide is to analyze student performance in one form or another. At present, we are urged to think about the steady advance of technology and student demand, as well as full inclusion and integration of ICT in the curriculum towards a successful outcome through a virtual environment which has derived in a "virtual classroom".
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Tardif, Alain. „Research on Petrus de Bellapertica: portrait of a discrete Chancellor“. Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis / Revue d'Histoire du Droit / The Legal History Review 77, Nr. 3-4 (2009): 385–421. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/004075809x12488525623137.
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AbstractAfter nearly twenty years of teaching Roman law at Orléans (1278–1296), Petrus de Bellapertica was called to sit in King Philip the Fair's council. Bellapertica, sometimes referred to as “the father of experts”, was valued for his experience in all the major political negotiations of the decade during which he held office in the King's service. These issues included the ecclesiastical tithes, the peace negotiations with the Empire and with England, the conflicts with some of the most powerful feudal lords in the realm, and the great dispute with pope Boniface VIII against the backdrop of the confrontation between spiritual and temporal power. Bellapertica may be credited with the Reform Ordinance of March 1303, with the coronation of pope Clement V in Lyons, and with bringing Lyons closer into the orbit of the French kingdom through the “Philippines” treaties. Unable to prevent the trial of the Templars, he left the political scene three months before he died on 17 January 1308.
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Vaz, Sandra, und Delfim F. M. Torres. „A Discrete-Time Compartmental Epidemiological Model for COVID-19 with a Case Study for Portugal“. Axioms 10, Nr. 4 (23.11.2021): 314. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/axioms10040314.
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Recently, a continuous-time compartmental mathematical model for the spread of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was presented with Portugal as case study, from 2 March to 4 May 2020, and the local stability of the Disease Free Equilibrium (DFE) was analysed. Here, we propose an analogous discrete-time model and, using a suitable Lyapunov function, we prove the global stability of the DFE point. Using COVID-19 real data, we show, through numerical simulations, the consistence of the obtained theoretical results.
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Retnakaran, Ravi, und Chang Ye. „Outcome of the 2016 United States presidential election and the subsequent sex ratio at birth in Canada: an ecological study“. BMJ Open 10, Nr. 2 (Februar 2020): e031208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-031208.
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ObjectivesThe sex ratio at birth (proportion of boys to girls) generally shows slight male preponderance but may decrease in response to societal stressors. Discrete adverse events such as terrorist attacks and disasters typically lead to a temporary decline in the sex ratio 3–5 months later, followed by resolution over around 5 months thereafter. We hypothesised that the unexpected outcome of the 2016 US presidential election may have been a societal stressor for liberal-leaning populations and thereby precipitated such an effect on the sex ratio in Canada.DesignEcological study.SettingAdministrative data for Ontario (Canada’s most populous province).ParticipantsAll births in Ontario from April 2010 to Oct 2017 inclusive (n=1 079 758).Primary and secondary outcome measuresWe determined the sex ratio at birth in Ontario for each month from April 2010 to October 2017 and performed segmented regression analysis to evaluate the seasonally adjusted sex ratio for the following three time periods: before the November 2016 election; after the election to before the anticipated impact; and from anticipated impact to 5 months thereafter.ResultsIn the 12 months following the election, the lowest sex ratio occurred in March 2017 (4 months post election). Compared with the preceding months, the sex ratio was lower in the 5 months from March to July 2017 (p=0.02) during which time it was rising (p=0.01), reflecting recovery from the nadir. Both effects were seen in liberal-leaning regions of Ontario (lower sex ratio (p=0.006) and recovery (p=0.002) in March–July 2017) but not in conservative-leaning areas (p=0.12 and p=0.49, respectively).ConclusionThe 2016 US presidential election preceded a temporary reduction in the sex ratio at birth in Canada, with the time course of changes therein matching the characteristic pattern of a discrete societal stressor.
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Demichev, Aleksei. „Periodization of the history of the magistrate’s court in Russia: a chrono-discrete approach“. Gosudarstvo i pravo, Nr. 10 (2023): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s102694520027958-4.
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The article proposes a periodization of the history of the magistrate’s court in Russia, based on the methodology of chrono-discrete monogeographical comparative jurisprudence. As the boundaries of the periods, the dates of the adoption of regulatory legal acts that introduced, abolished or radically reformed the institution of the magistrate's court in Russia are proposed. In the history of the magistrate’s court in Russia, the authors distinguish six periods: 1) November 20, 1864 - July 12, 1889 - the period of the functioning of the magistrate’s court in the Russian Empire on the basis of the Judicial Charters on November 20, 1864; 2) July 12, 1889 - June 15, 1912 - the period of territorially limited action of the magistrate’s court in the Russian Empire, when there was a replacement in most places of justices of the peace with zemstvo district chiefs; 3) June 15, 1912 - March 3, 1917 - the period in which an attempt was made to restore the magistrate’s court throughout the Russian Empire; 4) March 3, 1917 - November 22 (December 5), 1917 - the period of attempts by the Provisional Government to reform world justice; 5) November 22 (December 5), 1917 - December 17, 1998 - a chrono-discrete pause in the history of the magistrate’s court in Russia; 6) December 17, 1998 - present - the period of functioning of the institution of the Justice of the Peace in the Russian Federation on the basis of the Federal Law “On magistrates in the Russian Federation” and the legislation of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.
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Belakhovsky, V. B., A. E. Vasilev, A. S. Kalishin und A. V. Roldugin. „Disturbances of GLONASS and GPS signals during magnetic storm on March 23—24, 2023, according to observations on the Kola peninsula“. Izvestiâ Akademii nauk SSSR. Seriâ fizičeskaâ 88, Nr. 3 (15.03.2024): 420–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0367676524030117.
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The growth of scintillations of GLONASS and GPS satellite signals using the Septentrio GNSS receiver installed in the city of Apatity during a strong magnetic storm on March 23—24, 2023, is analyzed. According to the ionosonde data at the Lovozero station and the data of the EISCAT radar in Tromsø, it was shown that the growth of phase scintillations is caused by an increase in the plasma concentration mainly in the E-layer of the ionosphere. The growth of phase scintillations is accompanied by the appearance of discrete forms of auroras.
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Montano, Vicente E. „Is there Price Distortion in the Philippine Rice Market: A Bayesian Discrete Wavelet Transform Analysis“. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science VIII, Nr. XV (2025): 275–87. https://doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2024.815ec0022.
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This study uses Bayesian Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) analysis to determine the existence of price distortions in the Philippine rice market. Using the world rice price as a benchmark, the study investigates residual fluctuations in rice prices from March 2023 to October 2024 at different frequency levels. The results show significant distortions at the approximation and detail coefficient levels, indicating inefficiencies influenced by market dynamics, policy interventions, and global trends. The Bayesian DWT approach detects localized price anomalies, thus enabling policymakers to examine market behavior and formulate stabilization policies in response to rice price fluctuations.
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Tene, Talia, Marco Guevara, Jiří Svozilík und Cristian Vacacela Gomez. „Understanding the outbreak of COVID-19 in Ecuador“. Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2090, Nr. 1 (01.11.2021): 012018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2090/1/012018.
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Abstract In this study is presented a mathematical approach that can be used to estimate the variability of the growth rate coefficient (λ), the total number of cases, and the midpoint of maximum infection due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The different parameters are quantified using one-year data set reported for Ecuador (from March 2020 to February 2021) and the (discrete or differential) logistic model. In particular, the results evidence that the most critical months of the pandemic in Ecuador were March and April 2020. In the following months, the outbreak continues with low growth rate values but in a variable way, which can be attributed to state health policies and the social behavior of the population. The estimated number of confirmed cases is around 409 K agrees with the data reported at the end of May 2021, validating the proposed mathematical approach.
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Eshun-Wilson, Ingrid, Aaloke Mody, Khai Hoan Tram, Cory Bradley, Alexander Sheve, Branson Fox, Vetta Thompson und Elvin H. Geng. „Preferences for COVID-19 vaccine distribution strategies in the US: A discrete choice survey“. PLOS ONE 16, Nr. 8 (20.08.2021): e0256394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256394.
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Background The COVID-19 vaccination campaign in the US has been immensely successful in vaccinating those who are receptive, further increases in vaccination rates however will require more innovative approaches to reach those who remain hesitant. Developing vaccination strategies that are modelled on what people want could further increase uptake. Methods and findings To inform COVID-19 vaccine distribution strategies that are aligned with public preferences we conducted a discrete choice experiment among the US public (N = 2,895) between March 15 to March 22, 2021. We applied sampling weights, evaluated mean preferences using mixed logit models, and identified latent class preference subgroups. On average, the public prioritized ease, preferring single to two dose vaccinations (mean preference: -0.29; 95%CI: -0.37 to -0.20), vaccinating once rather than annually (mean preference: -0.79; 95%CI: -0.89 to -0.70) and reducing waiting times at vaccination sites. Vaccine enforcement reduced overall vaccine acceptance (mean preference -0.20; 95%CI: -0.30 to -0.10), with a trend of increasing resistance to enforcement with increasing vaccine hesitancy. Latent class analysis identified four distinct preference phenotypes: the first prioritized inherent “vaccine features” (46.1%), the second were concerned about vaccine “service delivery” (8.8%), a third group desired “social proof” of vaccine safety and were susceptible to enforcement (13.2%), and the fourth group were “indifferent” to vaccine and service delivery features and resisted enforcement (31.9%). Conclusions This study identifies several critical insights for the COVID-19 public health response. First, identifying preference segments is essential to ensure that vaccination services meet the needs of diverse population subgroups. Second, making vaccination easy and promoting autonomy by simplifying services and offering the public choices (where feasible) may increase uptake in those who remain deliberative. And, third vaccine mandates have the potential to increase vaccination rates in susceptible groups but may simultaneously promote control aversion and resistance in those who are most hesitant.
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Green, Kris H. „Fitting a Three-Phase Discrete SIR Model to New Coronavirus Cases in New York State“. International Journal of Data Analytics 2, Nr. 2 (Juli 2021): 59–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijda.2021070104.
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CDC data on new coronavirus cases in New York State between March 4, 2020 and June 26, 2020 show three distinct phases for the spread of the virus. The authors demonstrate fitting of a simple discrete SIR model with three phases to model these data, achieving a high fidelity to the data. Optimal model fits using both R and Excel are compared, and various issues are discussed. Finally, the model for New York State is treated as a training set for extending and applying the model to the outbreak in other areas of the United States and the country as a whole.
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Sobolev, G. A., N. A. Zakrzhevskaya und S. M. Kireenkova. „Asymmetrical seismic pulses before a large earthquake“. Вулканология и сейсмология, Nr. 1 (04.03.2019): 3–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0203-0306201913-13.
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This study is concerned with the behavior of seismic noise in the period range of a few minutes based on records made by broadband IRIS stations before the catastrophic earthquake of March 11, 2011 in Japan. A formalized technique was used to identify discrete asymmetrical pulses whose amplitudes were an order of magnitude higher than the noise level and that were spaced at intervals longer than 30 minutes. The frequency of pulses at the MAJO station on Honshu 400 km of the earthquake epicenter increased on January 30, 2011 and remained high until March 2, 2011. No such phenomena have been observed at MAJO in the same periods during the preceding 15 years, when the station was in regular operation. The records of other similar stations farther than 1700 km from the epicenter were not found to contain increases in the rate of pulses. We believe that these asymmetrical pulses were due to dilatancy in shallow crustal layers beneath the MAJO station.
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Bonnet, Céline. „Économétrie de la concurrence entre produits différenciés : théorie et méthodes empiriques*“. L'Actualité économique 83, Nr. 4 (18.11.2008): 555–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/019392ar.
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Résumé La concentration industrielle n’a cessé d’augmenter ces 20 dernières années. Cette concentration est présente autant chez les producteurs que chez les distributeurs. Il est donc devenu primordial de mesurer le pouvoir de marché des différents acteurs et d’analyser les interactions concurrentielles entre ces divers intermédiaires. Les méthodes d’économétrie structurelle permettent de mesurer empiriquement ce pouvoir de marché. Cet article propose donc une revue de la littérature sur les méthodologies structurelles permettant d’estimer les marges des acteurs du marché à partir de paramètres estimés de la demande et de tester différentes interactions stratégiques entre les membres de l’industrie. L’objectif est de faire le point sur les modèles utilisés pour estimer la demande, en l’occurrence les modèles de choix discrets tels que les logit multinomiaux, et de résumer les méthodes permettant d’obtenir les paramètres structurels des modèles de concurrence oligopolistique entre distributeurs et producteurs. Nous présenterons également les développements récents de la modélisation des interactions stratégiques et des relations verticales entre producteurs et distributeurs ainsi que les méthodes permettant de tester différentes hypothèses sur les relations horizontales et verticales.
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Maytan-Joneydi, Amelia, Ellen W. MacLachlan, Balki Ibrahim Agali, Kyria Louis-Charles, Sanoussi Chaibou, Souleymane Amadou Garba, Abdoul Nouhou Moumouni und Ilene S. Speizer. „Providers’ views on hormonal family planning methods: a qualitative study from Dosso, Niger“. Gates Open Research 6 (04.07.2022): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/gatesopenres.13674.1.
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Background: Family planning (FP) providers play an important role in ensuring that clients are offered a full range of FP methods. This qualitative study explores providers’ views on three hormonal FP methods and why they think women may choose these methods in Niger. Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted with 24 FP providers in 24 government health centers in Dosso region, Niger between February-March 2020. Providers were asked about the suitability of different FP methods for women, including adolescents and married women with children. The interviews were translated and transcribed from Hausa and Zarma into French, thematically coded, and qualitatively analyzed. Results: Many providers believed discretion to be the most important method attribute for women. Providers report preferring implants for young clients because of the more rapid return to fertility. They disagreed on whether implants or injectables are more discrete for clients. That said, providers felt that clients appreciate the implant’s discretion, effectiveness, long-acting nature, and simplicity of use. Providers perceived that the majority of women choose injectables due to familiarity with the method, the fact that it is “invisible” to an outsider, and a lack of awareness of implants. Providers stated that while women may not initially choose the implant, when given more information about it, they were more open to adopting it, or switching from another method, and less likely to believe local myths. Providers believed that women find pills to be indiscreet. Conclusions: The findings highlight that while providers have perspectives on suitable methods for certain women, they also recognize that clients have their own preferences, such as how discreet the method is. As programs continue to expand method choice and new contraceptive technologies undergo research and development, highly desirable features such as discretion need to be considered.
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Maytan-Joneydi, Amelia, Ellen W. MacLachlan, Balki Ibrahim Agali, Kyria Louis-Charles, Sanoussi Chaibou, Souleymane Amadou Garba, Abdoul Nouhou Moumouni und Ilene S. Speizer. „Providers’ views on hormonal family planning methods for young women: a qualitative study from Dosso, Niger“. Gates Open Research 6 (03.10.2022): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/gatesopenres.13674.2.
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Background: Family planning (FP) providers play an important role in ensuring that clients are offered a full range of FP methods. This qualitative study explores providers’ views on three hormonal FP methods and why they think young women may choose these methods in Niger. Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted with 24 FP providers in 24 government health centers in Dosso region, Niger between February-March 2020. Providers were asked about the suitability of different FP methods for women, including unmarried adolescents and young married women with children. The interviews were translated and transcribed from Hausa and Zarma into French, thematically coded, and qualitatively analyzed. Results: Many providers believed discretion to be the most important method attribute for women. Providers report preferring implants for young clients because of the more rapid return to fertility. They disagreed on whether implants or injectables are more discrete for clients. That said, providers felt that clients appreciate the implant’s discretion, effectiveness, long-acting nature, and ease of use. Providers perceived that the majority of women choose injectables due to familiarity with the method, the fact that it is “invisible” to an outsider, and a lack of awareness of implants. Providers stated that while women may not initially choose the implant, when given more information about it, they were more open to adopting it, or switching from another method, and less likely to believe local myths. Providers believed that women find pills to be indiscreet. Conclusions: The findings highlight that while providers have perspectives on suitable methods for certain women, they also recognize that clients have their own preferences, such as how discreet the method is. As programs continue to expand method choice and new contraceptive technologies undergo research and development, highly desirable features such as discretion need to be considered.
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Radpour, Shokri, und Richard R. Gacek. „Anatomic Organization of the Cat Facial Nerve“. Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 93, Nr. 5 (Oktober 1985): 591–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019459988509300504.
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The location of efferent neurons supplying muscles innervated by the facial nerve was studied in the brain stem of the cat; horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was used as a tracer of retrograde protein transport. One to 15 μl of HRP was injected into various muscles. Orbicularis oculi and orbicularis oris muscles were represented in the lateral division of the facial nucleus. The Platysma, posterior belly of digastric, auricularis superior, and frontalis muscles were represented in the medial division of the facial nucleus. No labeled neuron was found in the trigeminal nerve nucleus or any other brain stem nuclei. The grouping of the motor neurons into relatively discrete areas of the nucleus and the fact that the facial nerve innervates various muscles through separate branches suggest that these motor neurons travel together in discrete groups within the facial nerve trunk. However, orientation of the facial nerve fibers was demonstrated by use of the Marchi method and an osmium stain after complete and partial transection of the nerve at the internal auditory meatus; this showed that the motor axons to the peripheral branches are diffusely located throughout the temporal course of the facial nerve.
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Plagne, Alain. „YAHYA OULD HAMIDOUNE the Mauritanian mathematician 1948 – 11 March 2011“. Combinatorics, Probability and Computing 20, Nr. 5 (18.08.2011): 641–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963548311000332.
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Yahya ould Hamidoune passed away in Paris on 11 March 2011 after a brief illness, leaving insufficient time for his friends and colleagues to express their indebtedness to him for his kindness and generosity, both in mathematics and in everyday life. Yahya was a discreet individual, always looking for the essential rather than the superficial, and certainly did not receive the recognition he deserved. May this modest testimony render justice to this singular man.
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Steenburgh, W. James, Colby R. Neuman, Gregory L. West und Lance F. Bosart. „Discrete Frontal Propagation over the Sierra–Cascade Mountains and Intermountain West“. Monthly Weather Review 137, Nr. 6 (01.06.2009): 2000–2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2008mwr2811.1.
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Abstract On 25 March 2006, a complex frontal system moved across the Sierra–Cascade Mountains and intensified rapidly over the Intermountain West where it produced one of the strongest cold-frontal passages observed in Salt Lake City, Utah, during the past 25 yr. Observational analyses and numerical simulations by the Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) Model illustrate that the frontal system propagated discretely across the Sierra–Cascade Mountains and western Nevada. This discrete propagation occurs in a synoptic environment that features a mobile upper-level cyclonic potential vorticity (PV) anomaly that is coupled initially with a landfalling Pacific cyclone and attendant occluded front. The eastward migration of the upper-level cyclonic PV anomaly ultimately encourages the development of a new surface-based cold front ahead of the landfalling occlusion as troughing, confluence, and convergence downstream of the Sierra Nevada intensify preexisting baroclinity over Nevada. Trajectories show that the new cold front represents a boundary between potentially warm air originating over the desert Southwest, some of which has been deflected around the south end of the high sierra, and potentially cool air that has traversed the sierra near and north of Lake Tahoe, some of which has been deflected around the north end of the high sierra. Although diabatic processes contribute to the frontal sharpening, they are not needed for the discrete propagation or rapid cold-frontal development. Forecasters should be vigilant for discrete frontal propagation in similar synoptic situations and recognize that moist convection or differential surface heating can contribute to but are not necessary for rapid Intermountain West frontogenesis.
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Ondara, Koko, Guntur Adhi Rahmawan und Syahrul Purnawan. „Particle tracking simulation of marine debris using Lagrangian discrete and mesh spatial discretization in Banda Aceh waters“. Depik 10, Nr. 1 (30.04.2021): 80–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.13170/depik.10.1.18722.
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Ocean dynamics has a direct impact on the distribution of objects or dissolved particles such as marine debris. Hydrodynamic studies are currently an important tool to identify the potential pollution in the region. Data were collected from March to September 2019 in the northern waters of Banda Aceh. Wind data were obtained using AWS and bathymetry data were collected using the single beam echosounder. The results showed that the wind direction on the coast of Banda Aceh City was dominant towards the Northwest and Northeast with a maximum speed of 9 m/s. Wind direction will highly influence the sea surface currents dynamics that lead to longshore currents and radiation currents occur in coastal areas.Keywords:Marine debrisWasteFishery
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Park, S. J., R. Pifarre, H. Sullivan, A. Montoya und S. Y. Kim. „Natural History of Allograft Coronary Arteriopathy: A Retrospective Study of 54 Patients over a 81/2-Year Period“. Cardiovascular Surgery 4, Nr. 1 (Februar 1996): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096721099600400107.
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A total of 288 patients underwent heart transplantation at Loyola University Medical Center over a 81/2-year period starting in March, 1984. Of these patients. 54 were identified as having allograft coronary arteriopathy. Diagnosis was made on the basis of abnormal findings on coronary angiography in 44 patients; either an autopsy or explanted heart revealed the diagnosis in the remainder. A total of 279 abnormal lesions were identified by coronary angiography, and over 70% of these stenoses were discrete and located in large epicardial vessels. The left ventricular ed-diastolic pressure demonstrated a steady rise over time (2.5 mmHg/year), and also correlated with the degree of allograft coronary arteriopathy stenosis. The rate of stenosis progression was 33% per year from the time of initial allograft coronary arteriopathy development. Actuarial survival rate was lower than that of patients with arteriopathy. In conclusion, first, the majority of allograft coronary arteriopathy stenoses detected on coronary angiography are discrete, involve large epicardial vessels, and progress rapidly over time. Second, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure seems to reflect the degree of allograft coronary arteriopathy stenosis, and may prove to be a useful indicator of left ventricular dysfunction related to allograft coronary arteriopathy. Third, patients with allograft coronary arteriopathy show a decreased actuarial survival rate.
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Fransoa, Arno. „Pravda i istorija - geneza i genealogija pravde kod Nicea i Bergsona“. Filozofija i drustvo 19, Nr. 1 (2008): 9–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fid0801009f.
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(francuski) Nietzsche et Bergson comptent parmi les principaux auteurs ? examiner les conditions socio-affectives et l'?volution historique de la justice. Mais ils le font sur deux modes radicalement distincts, et dont on n'a pas encore, ? ce qu'il semble, suffisamment soulign? l'incompatibilit?: Nietzsche rend compte de la justice en isolant les ?l?ments socio-affectifs qui se sont compos?s entre eux pour produire quelque chose comme la "justice", tandis que Bergson envisage l'?volution de celle-ci comme une s?rie de diff?renciations en nature. Ce qui am?ne Bergson ? distinguer fondamentalement entre deux justices, l'une sup?rieure et l'autre inf?rieure, l'une "ouverte" et l'autre "close", l? o? Nietzsche pense satisfaire ? l'exigence moniste en ne posant qu'une seule justice. Peut-?tre, toutefois, peut-on adresser ? Nietzsche le reproche bergsonien d'avoir "recompos? l'?volution avec des fragments de l'?volu?", et sans doute faut-il, en tout cas, opposer la d?marche de Nietzsche, qui est une "g?n?alogie" (aller du pr?sent vers le pass?, pour discerner les ?l?ments discrets ? partir desquels le pr?sent s'est engendr?) ? la d?marche de Bergson, qui est bien une "gen?se" (aller du pass? vers le pr?sent, pour suivre son engendrement progressif au fil de cr?ations qui sont autant de diff?renciations en nature).
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Morgalla, Matthias H. „Dorsal Root Ganglion Stimulation (DRGS) for the Treatment of Chronic Neuropathic Pain: A Single-Center Study with Long-Term Prospective Results in 62 Cases“. January 2018 1, Nr. 21;1 (15.07.2018): E377—E387. http://dx.doi.org/10.36076/ppj.2018.4.e377.
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Background: Dorsal root ganglion stimulation (DRGS) treats discrete, localized areas of neuropathic pain. But there are no long-term results available so far. Objectives: We studied the long-term outcome of DRGS used in the treatment of chronic neuropathic pain. Study Design: A prospective, longitudinal single center investigation. Setting: Academic medical center in Germany. Methods: Patients (age >18 years) with chronic neuropathic pain in the hands, back, legs, knees and feet were prospectively examined. After a successful test-trial (duration of 3-14 days, pain decrease > 50%), a permanent generator was implanted. The patients were re-examined after 1 year, 2 years and 3 years. We used the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), the Pain Disability Index (PDI), the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), and, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) for our assessments. Results: We included 62 consecutive patients (27 females, 35 males, mean age 56.8 years, with an age range from 28 to 82 years, 62/51 to permanent conversion) during the time period from March 2012 until March 2016. Fifty-one patients had a successful test-trial and a generator was implanted subsequently. Results after 3 years: the VAS dropped from Mdn = 8 to Mdn = 4 (P = 0.0001). The PDI decreased from Mdn = 45 to Mdn = 23 (P = 0.003). The PCS decreased from Mdn = 34 to Mdn = 21 (P = 0.001). The BPI dropped from Mdn = 73 to Mdn = 30 (P = 0.003). The BDI decreased from Mdn = 36 to Mdn = 21 (P = 0.010). Fourteen patients showed complications (27.4%). Limitations: This study is limited by the small number of patients in the single groups of the different pain locations. Conclusion: DRGS may be an effective long-term method of treating discrete, localized areas of chronic neuropathic pain. We would recommend DRGS for the treatment of chronic neuropathic pain in such areas. Key words: Knee pain, foot pain, hand pain, groin pain, neuromodulation, dorsal root ganglion stimulation, chronic neuropathic pain, paresthesia mapping
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Jamil, Jamil, Anwar Al Al-Gasaymeh, Maha Shehadeh und Asma S. Alzwi. „Enhancing Predictive Accuracy of Insurance Stock Market in Jordan using Hyprid GFS.Thrift Model: A Genetic Fuzzy System-based Fintech Approach“. International Journal of Neutrosophic Science 24, Nr. 4 (2024): 165–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.54216/ijns.240412.
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This study focuses on improving the predicting accuracy of the daily ASE's weighted price index of the insurance sector (ICI) using a nonlinear spectral model called maximum overlapping discrete wavelet transform (MODWT) with five mathematical functions, namely, Haar, Daubechies (d4), least square (la8), best localization (bl14), and Coiflet (c6). Using a nonlinear spectral model called maximum overlapping discrete wavelet transform (MODWT) with five mathematical functions—Haar, Daubechies (d4), least square (la8), best localization (bl14), and Coiflet (c6)—this study aims to increase the daily ASE's weighted price index of the insurance sector's (ICI) prediction accuracy. The model utilizes a genetic fuzzy system based on Thrift's methodology (GFS.Thrift). The Amman Stock Exchange (ASE) supplied a dataset with 4,478 observations for the purpose of the study. The dataset represented daily data from January 2, 2006, to March 24, 2024. The adaptive GFS.THRIFT model was trained with 90% of the dataset, while the remaining 10% was used to test its prediction performance. Multiple egressions and multicollinearity tests were used to select input variables such as standardized foreign direct investment (FDI), standardized value traded (VT) and consumer price index (CPI). Insights from this study indicate that all input variables are positively related to the output variable. Secondly, the proposed model (MODWT-Haar-GFS. Thrift) significantly outperforms other existing models including the GFS. Thrift model.
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Toledo, Benjamín, Pablo Medina, Sylvain Blunier, José Rogan, Marina Stepanova und Juan Alejandro Valdivia. „Multifractal Characteristics of Geomagnetic Field Fluctuations for the Northern and Southern Hemispheres at Swarm Altitude“. Entropy 23, Nr. 5 (30.04.2021): 558. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23050558.
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This paper explores the spatial variations of the statistical scaling features of low to high latitude geomagnetic field fluctuations at Swarm altitude. The data for this study comes from the vector field magnetometer onboard Swarm A satellite, measured at low resolution (1 Hz) for one year (from 9 March 2016, to 9 March 2017). We estimated the structure-function scaling exponents using the p-leaders discrete wavelet multifractal technique, from which we obtained the singularity spectrum related to the magnetic fluctuations in the North-East-Center (NEC) coordinate system. From this estimation, we retain just the maximal fractal subset, associated with the Hurst exponent H. Here we present thresholding for two levels of the Auroral Electrojet index and almost the whole northern and southern hemispheres, the Hurst exponent, the structure-function scaling exponent of order 2, and the multifractal p-exponent width for the geomagnetic fluctuations. The latter quantifies the relevance of the multifractal property. Sometimes, we found negative values of H, suggesting a behavior similar to wave breaking or shocklet-like propagating front. Furthermore, we found some asymmetries in the magnetic field turbulence between the northern and southern hemispheres. These estimations suggest that different turbulent regimes of the geomagnetic field fluctuations exist along the Swarm path.
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Nafidi, Ahmed, Yassine Chakroune, Ramón Gutiérrez-Sánchez und Abdessamad Tridane. „Forecasting the Active Cases of COVID-19 via a New Stochastic Rayleigh Diffusion Process“. Fractal and Fractional 7, Nr. 9 (31.08.2023): 660. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fractalfract7090660.
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In this work, we study the possibility of using a new non-homogeneous stochastic diffusion process based on the Rayleigh density function to model the evolution of the active cases of COVID-19 in Morocco. First, the main probabilistic characteristics and analytic expression of the proposed process are obtained. Next, the parameters of the model are estimated by the maximum likelihood methodology. This estimation and the subsequent statistical inference are based on the discrete observation of the variable x(t) “number of active cases of COVID-19 in Morocco” by using the data for the period of 28 January to 4 March 2022. Then, we analyze the mean functions by using simulated data for fit and forecast purposes. Finally, we explore the illustration of using this new process to fit and forecast the active cases of COVID-19 data.
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Huda, Mohammad Mahmudul, Mohammad Taufiq, Md Abdullah Yusuf, Mohammad Rezwanur Rahman, Ferdousy Begum und Mohammed Kamal. „Histopathological Features of Lymph Nodes of Tuberculous Lymphadenitis Patients: Experience of 50 cases in Bangladesh“. Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases 3, Nr. 2 (31.08.2017): 40–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjid.v3i2.33833.
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Background: Tuberculous lymphadenitis is common manifestation of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis in Bangladesh. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to see the histopathological features of tuberculous lymphadenitis patients. Methodology: This cross sectional study was done at the Department of Pathology at Banghabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka from January 2009 to March 2011 for a period of nearly two years. All the patients irrespective of age and sex with the clinical features suggestive of tuberculous lymphadenitis and later on proved to be the same histologically were selected for the study purposively. Relevant information was recorded in a prescribed data sheet and histomorphological findings were recorded accordingly. In cases where fresh specimen was available, caseous portion of lymph node was sent for culture. FiteFaraco staining was also done on lymph node sections in all cases. Result: A total number of 50 tuberculous lymphadenitis patients were recruited for this study of which well formed granuloma was detected in 34(68.0%) cases followed by ill defined and combination of well and ill defined which were 8(16.0%) cases in each. Among 34 well defined cases coalescing and discrete were found in 6(17.6%) cases in each. However, both types were found in 22(64.7%) cases.Conclusion: In conclusion well formed granuloma is most commonly found in tuberculous lymphadenitis with combined variety of coalescing and discrete histopathologic featuresBangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases 2016;3(2):40-42
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Ferrante, Angela, Ersilia Giordano, Francesco Clementi, Gabriele Milani und Antonio Formisano. „FE vs. DE Modeling for the Nonlinear Dynamics of a Historic Church in Central Italy“. Geosciences 11, Nr. 5 (27.04.2021): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences11050189.
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The present research paper properly focuses on the dynamics and failure mechanisms of the masonry “Apennine Church” of Santissimo Crocifisso in Pretare, municipality of Arquata del Tronto in the province of Ascoli Piceno (Marche region, Central Italy). Such a peculiar structural type traditionally characterizes the intense seismic area of Central Italy, unfortunately almost totally damaged by the recent shock sequence of 2016. Advanced numerical modeling through discontinuous and continuous approaches were here utilized to have an insight into the dynamic properties and behavior of the structure under strong nonlinear dynamic excitations. In the discrete element approach, the non-smooth contact dynamics method, implemented in LMGC90©, was applied, adopting a full 3D detailed discretization. The church was schematized as an arrangement of rigid blocks, subjected to sliding by friction and perfect plastic collisions, with a null restitution coefficient. In the finite element approach, the concrete damaged plasticity model available in Midas FEA NX© was involved. This model allows reproducing the tensile cracking, the compressive crushing, and the degradation of the material under cyclic loads. Finally, the numerical analyses provided a valuable picture of the actual behavior of the church, thus giving useful hints for future strengthening interventions.
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Lazzareschi, Marino. „Caso XIX: Osteomielite com Focos Múltiplos“. Revista Brasileira de Cancerologia 26, Nr. 3 (15.08.2023): 83–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.32635/2176-9745.rbc.1976v26n3.3795.
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Paciente do sexo masculino, de 22 anos de idade, que foi admitido à Clínica Médica do Hospital São Paulo em 10 de junho de 1975. Tinha queixas de febre, cefaléia, tosse seca, calafrios e dor na região infraclavicular esquerda há 3 dias. Depois apresentou escarros hemoptóicos. Foi feita radiografia de tórax a qual evidenciou uma lesão óssea do arco posterior da terceira costela, lesão osteolítica, insuflante, de bordos adensados e multilocular. Suspeitou-se de uma lesão parenquimatosa que envolveu a costela, possivelmente turberculose, mas todos os exames foram negativos. Foi solicitada então a opinião da Ortopedia e, revendo a história do paciente, observamos um fato curioso: 9 meses antes da internação o paciente sentiu dores na raiz da coxa esquerda, com impotência funcional, tendo sido internado em um hospital com o diagnóstico de reumatismo. Nessa ocasião, ele apresentou febre alta durante 3 dias, tendo também, nessa época, apresentado um "furúnculo na face lateral do tórax que fistulizou e permaneceu aberto durante um mês. Melhorando, teve alta do hospital, passando a ter, esporadicamente, crises dolorosas na região lombo-sacra com irradiação para o membro inferior esquerdo. Ao exame físico, o estado geral era bom, marcha normal. Cicatriz na face lateral do hemitórax medindo 0,10 x 0,15 cm, aliás, 1,00 X 1,50 cm, irregular e aderente aos planos profundos. Havia alteração na 8ª costela direita que se revelou, na radiografia, muito semelhante à da 3ª costela. O hemograma mostrou leucocitose: 14.000/mm3 neutrofilia sem desvio à esquerda e hemossedimentação de 52 mm. Leucocitúria. A eletroforese de proteínas mostrou discreta albuminemia, aumento discreto de gama-globulina, sendo o total normal. Escarro normal. Opinamos, então, que o paciente tinha apresentado uma osteomielite de evolução insidiosa, com dois focos e opinamos pela ressecção. Foi retirado o 3º arco costal e o aspecto macroscópico era de uma massa caseosa amarela. Foram feitas depois outras radiografias que revelaram alterações da articulação sacro-ilíaca e do crânio.
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Tene, Talia, Marco Guevara, Jiří Svozilík, Richard Tene-Fernandez und Cristian Vacacela Gomez. „Analysis of COVID-19 Outbreak in Ecuador Using the Logistic Model“. Emerging Science Journal 5 (25.08.2021): 105–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/esj-2021-sper-09.
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At the end of 2019, the COVID-19 disease emerged in the city of Wuhan, China, and caused an outbreak of unusual viral pneumonia. Being highly transmissible, this novel coronavirus disease has spread fast all over the world. COVID-19 continues to challenge most developed countries in the search for an effective strategy to either prevent infection or to avoid the spreading of the disease. While several developed countries have managed to contain COVID-19, several countries in Latin America continue to report an increase in the daily number of infected people. Ecuador, particularly, became the epicenter of the COVID-19 outbreak in the region during March and April 2020. In this context, the present study shows a simple mathematical approach to understand the effect of the COVID-19 outbreak in Ecuador (and some Latin American countries such as Brazil, Peru, and Colombia). The proposed method is based on the exponential model, discrete logistic equation, and differential logistic model using one-year data from March 1, 2020, to February 28, 2021. This study presents the estimated growth rate coefficient (λ), the total number of cases (N), and the midpoint of maximum infection (t_0) as well as the variability of the λ coefficient as a function of total cases and time. The exponential model shows a high value of λ=0.185 which decreases to λ=0.014 and λ=0.056 according to the discrete and differential logistic models, respectively. An accurate value of the total number of cases of infected people was found by analyzing the number of daily cases as a function of the total of cases whose value (N~409 K) agrees with the data reported at the end of May 2021, validating the proposed approach. How to use the current mathematical approach for long-term prediction is also discussed here. Most importantly, the proposed method has two important characteristics: (i) the mathematical model is as simple as possible compared to other time-consuming approaches, and (ii) it can be used to study the effect of COVID-19 and predicts its consequences in other countries, allowing revenue new decisions against the COVID-19 disease. Doi: 10.28991/esj-2021-SPER-09 Full Text: PDF
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Mejía, Carlos, und Alejandro Piedrahita. „Solución de un problema inverso de advección-dispersión con derivada temporal fraccionaria por medio de molificación discreta“. Revista Colombiana de Matemáticas 51, Nr. 1 (01.01.2017): 83–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/recolma.v51n1.66839.
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Consideramos un problema inverso para una ecuación de advección-dispersión con derivada temporal fraccionaria, en una configuración unidimensional. La derivada fraccionaria se interpreta en el sentido de Caputo y las coeficientes de advección y de dispersión son constantes. El problema inverso involucra la reconstruccción simultánea de la concentración de soluto y del flujo de dispersión en una de las fronteras del dominio físico, a partir de lecturas de datos perturbados en un punto interior del dominio. Mostramos que el problema inverso es mal condicionado y por tanto una solución numérica del problema requiere de alguna técnica de regularización. Proponemos un esquema de diferencias finitas de marcha en el espacio, que utiliza molifocación discreta como técnica de regularización. Se incluyen estimativos de error y ejemplos numéricos ilustrativos.
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Baqué, Rémi, Luc Vignaud, Valentine Wasik, Nicolas Castet, Reinhold Herschel, Harun Cetinkaya und Thomas Brandes. „MIC: Microwave Imaging Curtain for Dynamic and Automatic Detection of Weapons and Explosive Belts“. Sensors 23, Nr. 23 (30.11.2023): 9531. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23239531.
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DEXTER (detection of explosives and firearms to counter terrorism) is a project funded by NATO’s Science for Peace and Security (SPS) program with the goal of developing an integrated system capable of remotely and accurately detecting explosives and firearms in public places without impeding the flow of pedestrians. While body scanner systems in secure areas of public places are becoming more and more efficient, the attack at Brussels airport on 22 March 2016, upstream of these systems, in the middle of the crowd of passengers, demonstrated the lack of discreet and real-time security against threats of mass terrorism. The NATO-SPS international and multi-year DEXTER project aims to provide new technical and strategic solutions to fill this gap. This project is based on multi-sensor coordination and fusion, from hyperspectral remote laser to smart glasses, artificial algorithms, and suspect identification and tracking. One of these sensors is dedicated to threat detection (large weapon or explosive belt) using the clothing of pedestrians by means of an active microwave component. This project is referred to as MIC (Microwave Imaging Curtain), also supported by the French SGDSN (General Secretariat of Defense and National Security), and utilizes a radar system capable of generating 3D images in real-time to address non-checkpoint detection of explosives and firearms. The project, led by ONERA (France), is based on a radar imaging system developed by the Fraunhofer FHR institute, using a MIMO architecture with an Ultra-Wide Band waveform. Although high-resolution 3D microwave imaging is already being used in expensive body scanners to detect firearms concealed under clothing, MIC’s innovative approach lies in utilizing a high-resolution 3D imaging device that can detect larger dangerous objects carried by moving individuals at a longer range, in addition to providing discrete detection in pedestrian flow. Automatic detection and classification of these dangerous objects is carried out on 3D radar images using a deep-learning network. This paper will outline the project’s objectives and constraints, as well as the design, architecture, and performance of the final system. Additionally, it will present real-time imaging results obtained during a live demonstration in a relevant environment.
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Waterloo, Sophie F., Susanne E. Baumgartner, Jochen Peter und Patti M. Valkenburg. „Norms of online expressions of emotion: Comparing Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and WhatsApp“. New Media & Society 20, Nr. 5 (23.05.2017): 1813–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461444817707349.
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The main aim of this study was to examine the norms of expressing emotions on social media. Specifically, the perceived appropriateness (i.e. injunctive norms) of expressing six discrete emotions (i.e. sadness, anger, disappointment, worry, joy, and pride) was investigated across four different social media platforms. Drawing on data collected in March 2016 among 1201 young Dutch users (15–25 years), we found that positive expressions were generally perceived as more appropriate than negative expressions across all platforms. In line with the objective of the study, some platform differences were found. The expression of negative emotions was rated as most appropriate for WhatsApp, followed by Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram. For positive emotion expression, perceived appropriateness was highest for WhatsApp, followed by Instagram, Facebook, and Twitter. Additionally, some gender differences were found, while age showed little variations. Overall, the results contribute to a more informed understanding of emotion expression online.
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KAMPANIS, NIKOLAOS A. „A FINITE ELEMENT METHOD FOR THE PARABOLIC EQUATION IN AEROACOUSTICS COUPLED WITH A NONLOCAL BOUNDARY CONDITION FOR AN INHOMOGENEOUS ATMOSPHERE“. Journal of Computational Acoustics 13, Nr. 04 (Dezember 2005): 569–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218396x05002864.
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The standard parabolic equation is used to simulate the far-field, low-frequency sound propagation over ground with mild range-varying topography. The atmosphere has a lower layer with a general, variable index of refraction. An unbounded upper layer with a squared refractive index varying linearly with height is considered and modeled by the nonlocal boundary condition of Dawson, Brooke and Thomson.1 A finite element/transformation of coordinates method is used to transform the initial-boundary value problem to one with a rectangular computational domain and then discretize it. The solution is marched in range by the Crank–Nicolson scheme. A discrete form of the nonlocal boundary condition, which is left unaffected by the transformation of coordinates, is employed in the finite element method. The fidelity of the overall method is shown in the numerical simulations performed for various cases of sound propagation in an inhomogeneous atmosphere over a ground with irregular topography.