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1
Normand, Amanda, und T. H. Bradley. „An experimental investigation of Lean Six Sigma philosophies in a high-mix low-volume manufacturing environment“. PLOS ONE 19, Nr. 5 (17.05.2024): e0299498. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0299498.
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This article experimentally examines methods for implementing the philosophies of Lean Six Sigma (LSS) in a High-Mix Low-Volume (HMLV) manufacturing environment. HMLV environments present unique challenges to LSS paradigms because of the need for extraordinary operational flexibility and customer responsiveness. The subject HMLV manufacturer for this experimentation manufactures (among 8500 others) an example component for which 3 machines work independently to perform the necessary operations to manufacture this component. The experiment that is the subject of this research seeks to adapt LSS philosophies to develop treatments to improve the performance of the manufacturing of this component. These LSS-inspired treatments included 1) using cellular manufacturing methods, and the 3 machines as a single work cell to manufacture the component, and 2) using a single multipurpose machine to perform all operations required to manufacture the component. The results of this experiment demonstrate that the cellular manufacturing method was the most effective to reduce costs, to standardize operations at a process level, and to increase throughput. The single machine processing method improved production rates and on-time delivery relative to the baseline, but greatly increased lead time, thereby increasing total cost per part. These results highlight the importance of critically assessing the application of LSS within HMLV environments compared to the Low-Mix High-Volume (LMHV) environments where LSS is traditionally successful. HMLV manufacturers and researchers can use these findings to identify the most effective methods for their specific needs and to design interventions that will improve system-level manufacturing performance in high mix environments.
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Childerhouse, Thomas, und Martin Jackson. „Near Net Shape Manufacture of Titanium Alloy Components from Powder and Wire: A Review of State-of-the-Art Process Routes“. Metals 9, Nr. 6 (15.06.2019): 689. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met9060689.
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Near net shape (NNS) manufacturing offers an alternative to conventional processes for the manufacture of titanium alloy components. Compared to the conventional routes, which typically require extensive material removal of forged billets, NNS methods offer more efficient material usage and can significantly reduce machining requirements. Furthermore, NNS manufacturing processes offer benefits such as greater flexibility and reduced costs compared to conventional methods. Processes such as metal additive manufacturing (AM) have started to be adopted in niche applications, most notably for the manufacture of medical implants, where many conventionally forged components have been replaced by those manufactured by AM processes. However, for more widespread adoption of these emerging processes, an improvement in the confidence in the techniques by manufacturers is necessary. This requires addressing challenges such as the limited mechanical properties of parts in their as-built condition compared to wrought products and the post-process machining requirements of components manufactured by these routes. In this review, processes which use a powder or wire feedstock are evaluated to assess their capabilities for the manufacture of titanium alloy components. These processes include powder bed fusion and direct energy deposition metal additive processes as well as hybrid routes, which combine powder metallurgy with thermomechanical post-processing.
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Steedman, Hilary, und Karin Wagner. „Productivity, Machinery and Skills: Clothing Manufacture in Britain and Germany“. National Institute Economic Review 128 (Mai 1989): 40–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002795018912800104.
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This study compares samples of matched plants in Britain and Germany engaged in the manufacture of women's outerwear; it follows earlier matched plant studies, also published in the National Institute Economic Review, which examined matched plants in metalworking and furniture manufacture in these two countries. German clothing manufacturers specialise in high-fashion items produced in great variety of which a high proportion is exported at high unit prices; the typical British manufacturer concentrates on more standardised items produced in long runs and is consequently more vulnerable to competition from lower-cost producers in developing countries. The study examines the contribution of machinery, new technology and skills to differ ences in clothing productivity in the two countries. A final section discusses future trends in the industry in the light of the 1992 proposals for a Single European Market.
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Liu, Shi und Xu. „Alliance Decision of Supply Chain Considering Product Greenness and Recycling Competition“. Sustainability 11, Nr. 24 (04.12.2019): 6900. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11246900.
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In a closed-loop supply chain (CLSC), the right alliance can help manufacturers better manufacture green products and make more profits. Choosing the most suitable alliance partner is also critical for manufacturers. In regard to product greenness and recycling competition, this paper considers the CLSC comprised of a dominant manufacturer, a retailer, and a third-party recycler. Based on the Stackelberg game and equilibrium analysis, we discuss the optimal supply chain decision-making under four different models. Then, in order to ensure supply chain (SC) members’ enthusiasm to participate in the alliance, we design a profit distribution method to distribute the total profit to SC members. The results show that manufacturer’s optimal alliance decision is related to the degree of recycling competition. When less than the threshold, C alliance(the manufacturer make an alliance with the retailer and the third-party recycler at the same time) is optimal, otherwise, MR alliance(the manufacturer and the retailer make an alliance ) is more beneficial for the manufacturer.
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Fonov, V. V., S. N. Grechanik und D. M. Golub. „Technology and equipment of vertical‑stack molding for the production of castings without pattern drafts“. Litiyo i Metallurgiya (FOUNDRY PRODUCTION AND METALLURGY), Nr. 4 (20.12.2021): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/1683-6065-2021-4-33-37.
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The article reports on the new technology and equipment of vertical‑stack molding (VSM), created by OJSC “BELNIILIT” for the manufacture of vertical‑stack molds. The development is intended for the production of molds and cast blanks of oil, which are later used for the manufacture of piston rings of internal combustion engines.The difference between the above‑mentioned technology and traditional methods of VSM is the use of models without drafts. The development is export‑oriented and has a great economic effect for ring manufacturers due to the absence of drafts on castings, since part of the mechanical operations for their processing is excluded, the metal consumption of blanks is reduced, the production spaces required in this regard are reduced, the necessary labor supply is reduced, etc.OJSC “BELNIILIT” has successfully carried out experimental design and technological work on the new scientific and technical products creation, which are of great interest to the world manufacturers of piston rings. An industrial sample of a molding machine and a mold manipulator were manufactured.
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Raplee, Jack. „DFMA to RP, ASAP“. Mechanical Engineering 121, Nr. 09 (01.09.1999): 72–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1999-sep-5.
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Manufacturing companies are turning increasingly to rapid prototyping (RP) to perform pre-assembly testing and improve the quality of the final product. Manufacturers also have begun to complement their RP practices using design for manufacture and assembly methodology. Design for assembly lowers the complexity of products through parts reduction and enables manufacturers to quantify assembly times and costs. Users are prompted to consider each part and decide if it must be separate from others in the assembly, leading to systematic simplification of design. The four approaches by which design for manufacturer (DFMA) software analyzes product configurations incorporate design for assembly, design for manufacture, design for service, and design for environment. Using design for assembly can reduce the number of parts in the product, but can increase the complexity of the parts that remain. Rapid prototyping combined with DFMA tools not only can determine if a product will perform its desired functions. According to an expert, when early manufacturing process planning is performed using DFMA and RP, it is synergistic.
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Baskaran, Kamaladevi. „The Power of Private Label in Retail Market“. International Journal of Business Administration and Management Research 4, Nr. 3 (30.09.2018): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.24178/ijbamr.2018.4.3.06.
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Globally, own store brands or private labels are rapidly gaining share at the cost of manufacture brands. In India, where the share of organised retail is minuscule, manufacture brands still dominate. With the retail sector poised for growth, national brand manufacturers will have to contend with competition within distribution channel, which calls for revised marketing strategy locally, to thwart the threat of the private label in a store. The phenomenon also offers national brand manufacturers the opportunity to service the production needs of the private labels efficiently. The problem is India's internet-savvy consumers aren't as convinced about Private labels as their global counterparts. Consumers may be happy with the quality of private label when it comes to kitchen towels and staples like wheat flour but are wary when it comes to buying a store version of, say, baby food or shampoo. The paper has also discussed the different types branding strategies used by retailers in the developing countries. The manufacturer brands have an advantage relative to own brand where symbolic association and/or product innovation are important to customers. Conversely, where symbolic associations and product innovations are less important there is an opportunity for retailers to compete successfully with manufacturer brands if they can demonstrate comparable product quality and provide value or money. This paper deals with the power of private label in modern retail market.
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Nikolaeva, Elena, Alexander Chapyshev und Alexey Spitsyn. „Studying the Structure and Properties of the Material of Screws for Spinal Osteosynthesis“. Materials Science Forum 1052 (03.02.2022): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-743cc0.
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Metallic materials most suitable for the manufacture of polyaxial transpedicular screws have been analyzed. Choosing titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V for their manufacture has been justified. When developing the screw design, the requirements for these medical products have been considered. The screws were manufactured on high-performance equipment. During the manufacture, the optimal tool material and cutting part geometry have been chosen. The surface was superfinished and anodic oxide coated. Modern measuring equipment was used to control the product quality and geometric parameters. The manufactured polyaxial transpedicular screw prototypes are not inferior in quality to their foreign analogs. The manufacturing technology proposed allows minimizing the labor intensity of production and 3-6 times reducing the cost of finished products.
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Li, Baixun, Guo Chen und Yaru Nan. „The role of sales effort on manufacturer's channel strategies“. MATEC Web of Conferences 189 (2018): 06003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201818906003.
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Competing manufacturers, who sell their products through retailers, may face the strategic distribution channel design question of whether to establish an “store-within-store” channel or not. With consider of the role of sales effort, we analyze the manufacturer channel strategies. Two cases are considered: competing manufacturer and competing retailer. We built four game models corresponding to four channel strategies, and discussed the influence of manufacture's bargaining power coefficient, prices competition intensity, and sales effort competition intensity on manufactures' channel strategies.
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Brown, Alan S. „Mexico Redux“. Mechanical Engineering 130, Nr. 01 (01.01.2008): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2008-jan-1.
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This article discusses formerly America’s top low-cost manufacturer; the neighbor to the south is repositioning itself to be an advanced industrial player. Colantuoni manages market research for Mexico’s Offshore Group, which develops maquiladoras for firms that want to manufacture in Mexico. Maquiladoras import goods from the United States without paying taxes or tariffs, manufacture or assemble them into products, and export them back across the border. Today, Mexico is making more complex and sophisticated products, as well as goods that require fast turnarounds and customization. It has used its advantages to retain business even in industries—computers, telecommunications, and appliances—that seemed a natural fit for China. Management in general is also a consideration for manufacturers. Mexico’s physical proximity to the Unites States and Canada, and the shared business culture of North America make management easier. In many ways, competition from China has been good for Mexico. It has spurred it to move into engineering and manufacturing higher value-added products.
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Wang, Liyu, Luzius Brodbeck und Fumiya Iida. „Mechanics and energetics in tool manufacture and use: a synthetic approach“. Journal of The Royal Society Interface 11, Nr. 100 (06.11.2014): 20140827. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2014.0827.
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Tool manufacture and use are observed not only in humans but also in other animals such as mammals, birds and insects. Manufactured tools are used for biomechanical functions such as effective control of fluids and small solid objects and extension of reaching. These tools are passive and used with gravity and the animal users' own energy. From the perspective of evolutionary biology, manufactured tools are extended phenotypes of the genes of the animal and exhibit phenotypic plasticity. This incurs energetic cost of manufacture as compared to the case with a fixed tool. This paper studies mechanics and energetics aspects of tool manufacture and use in non-human beings. Firstly, it investigates possible mechanical mechanisms of the use of passive manufactured tools. Secondly, it formulates the energetic cost of manufacture and analyses when phenotypic plasticity benefits an animal tool maker and user. We take a synthetic approach and use a controlled physical model, i.e. a robot arm. The robot is capable of additively manufacturing scoop and gripper structures from thermoplastic adhesives to pick and place fluid and solid objects, mimicking primates and birds manufacturing tools for a similar function. We evaluate the effectiveness of tool use in pick-and-place and explain the mechanism for gripper tools picking up solid objects with a solid-mechanics model. We propose a way to formulate the energetic cost of tool manufacture that includes modes of addition and reshaping, and use it to analyse the case of scoop tools. Experiment results show that with a single motor trajectory, the robot was able to effectively pick and place water, rice grains, a pebble and a plastic box with a scoop tool or gripper tools that were manufactured by itself. They also show that by changing the dimension of scoop tools, the energetic cost of tool manufacture and use could be reduced. The work should also be interesting for engineers to design adaptive machines.
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Zanier, Claudio. „Silk Cultivatiom in Italy“. Journal of Medieval Worlds 1, Nr. 4 (2019): 41–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jmw.2019.1.4.41.
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Silk cultivation in Italy started in the eleventh century CE. Initially, silkworms were cultivated using only indigenous black mulberry trees. For several centuries following, manufacturers in Italian towns manufactured luxury silk fabrics utilizing only imported foreign silk threads. In the fifteenth century, however, the practice of cultivating non-native white mulberry trees made its way from China to Italy. Due to the better quality of their leaves, this facilitated the production of domestic Italian silk threads for use in the manufacture of luxury products. Rural silk cultivation then expanded sharply.
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Chowdhury, Mohammed Rubaiyat, und Ayub Nabi Khan. „A Comparative Study on Sustainable Jamdani Saree Manufactured with Sustainable Vegetable Dyes and Available Jamdani Saree Manufactured with Available Dyes“. International Journal of Engineering, Business and Management 8, Nr. 2 (2024): 06–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijebm.8.2.2.
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Jamdani is a UNESCO heritage. The tradition of Jamdani is very old are basically made of hundred percent cotton Jamdani yarn. Now a days Jamdani saree is manufactured with silk filament polyester filament along with 100% cotton yarn. The main manufacturing area of Jamdani saree is at Narayanganj. The Jamdani saree is usually manufactured with different dyes. In this project a Jamdani saree which was already manufactured and a Jamdani saree which was manufacture with 100% cotton yarn and sustainable vegetable dye (Yeliona AHLS-31) were observed. It was found that Jamdani saree which was already manufactured had presence of some banned dyes and the saree made with sustainable vegetable dyes did not contain any banned amines. The manufactures use the banned dyes possibly for the cheap price but the long-time effect of these dyes are hazardous because it causes diseases like skin diseases, lung disease, rash on the skin, etc.
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Furse, Samuel, und Albert Koulman. „The Lipid and Glyceride Profiles of Infant Formula Differ by Manufacturer, Region and Date Sold“. Nutrients 11, Nr. 5 (20.05.2019): 1122. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11051122.
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We tested the hypothesis that the lipid composition of infant formula is consistent between manufacturers, countries and target demographic. We developed techniques to profile the lipid and glyceride fraction of milk and formula in a high throughput fashion. Formula from principal brands in the UK (2017–2019; bovine-, caprine-, soya-based), the Netherlands (2018; bovine-based) and South Africa (2018; bovine-based) were profiled along with fresh British animal and soya milk and skimmed milk powder. We found that the lipid and glyceride composition of infant formula differed by region, manufacturer and date of manufacture. The formulations within some brands, aimed at different target age ranges, differed considerably where others were similar across the range. Soya lecithin and milk lipids had characteristic phospholipid profiles. Particular sources of fat, such as coconut oil, were also easy to distinguish. Docosahexaenoic acid is typically found in triglycerides rather than phospholipids in formula. The variety by region, manufacturer, date of manufacture and sub-type for target demographics lead to an array of lipid profiles in formula. This makes it impossible to predict its molecular profile. Without detailed profile of the formula fed to infants, it is difficult to characterise the relationship between infant nutrition and their growth and development.
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Petraikin, A. V., K. A. Sergunova, D. S. Semenov, E. S. Akhmad, S. Yu Kim, A. I. Gromov und S. P. Morozov. „Dynamic Phantom for Flow Model in Magnetic Resonance Angiography“. Medical Visualization, Nr. 6 (28.12.2017): 130–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.24835/1607-0763-2017-6-130-139.
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Purpose. To develop phantom for flow modeling in magnetic resonance angiography (MRA): relative contrast assessment, accuracy of the linear velocity and volumetric flow, what improve accuracy of diagnostic in cardiac and neurosurgical clinics (quality assessment of blood and cerebrospinal fluid motion). To compare scanners of different manufactures in points of the MRA efficiency using the developed phantom.Materials and methods. The main part of dynamic phantom consists of a disc filled with agarose gel (for linear and volumetric velocity control) and silicone tubes for fluid flow modelling. MR study was performed at MRI units of two manufactures for comparing quantitative assessments of MRA sequences: 2DTOF, 3DTOF, and at three MRI units of one firm for estimated accuracy calibration curve calculating and linear velocity and volumetric flow determination for PC MRA. Phantom study well correlate with clinical MRA results.Results. Obtained phantom scanning results in 2DTOF, 3DTOF sequences allow for objective comparing two MRI units of different manufactures. For 2DTOF mode was showed more effective signal enhancement affected by TOF effect for scanner of manufacture 2, then manufacture 1: 8.86 ± 0.88 и 6.07 ± 0.03 corresponding. For 3DTOF was observed rather more inflow relative contrast affected by TOF effect for scanner of manufacture 1: 6.06 ± 0.47 and 3.17 ± 0.83 corresponding. However, for manufacture 1 was showed more significant signal suppression for fat tissue, which improve vasculature visualization. Accuracy linear velocity fluid flow measurement in 2DPC is equal to ±2σ = ±0,4 by five pixels for three scanners of one manufacture. Using developed phantom was modelled MRA effects in 3DPC and Time-SLIP modes.Conclusions. The developed dynamic phantom can be used for calibration tests in MRA. The case of MRI units of two manufactures were compared quantitative assessments of MRA sequences and analyzed methods of enhancement fluid flow signal.
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Graff, Marek. „Rolling Stock Manufacturers and New Rail Vehicles in Poland“. Problemy Kolejnictwa - Railway Reports 65, Nr. 192 (September 2021): 121–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.36137/1922e.
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Ten rolling stock manufacturers were operating in Poland in 2020. These were both domestic enterprises (Pesa, Newag) as well as branches of foreign concerns (Siemens, Bombardier, Alstom, Stadler). A similar division can be deemed conventional since the aforementioned enterprises employ mostly Polish specialists or managers – and work with Polish subcontractors. On the other hand, Polish manufacturers use mainly imported components in the production process. The range of the currently manufactured rolling stock is quite wide – from multiple units to locomotives with electric and diesel drives, adapted to run on both standard and broad gauge tracks. Polish plants also manufacture underground train-sets, mostly for export. New rolling stock orders placed by operators are carried out with the support of EU funding programmes. Keywords: rolling stock manufacturers, Poland, PKP
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Giese, K.-D. „Interaction with the Customer During Manufacture“. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit 203, Nr. 2 (Juli 1989): 131–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1989_203_220_02.
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Veiga, Fernando, Trunal Bhujangrao, Alfredo Suárez, Eider Aldalur, Igor Goenaga und Daniel Gil-Hernandez. „Validation of the Mechanical Behavior of an Aeronautical Fixing Turret Produced by a Design for Additive Manufacturing (DfAM)“. Polymers 14, Nr. 11 (27.05.2022): 2177. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14112177.
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The design of parts in such critical sectors as the manufacturing of aeronautical parts is awaiting a paradigm shift due to the introduction of additive manufacturing technologies. The manufacture of parts designed by means of the design-oriented additive manufacturing methodology (DfAM) has acquired great relevance in recent years. One of the major gaps in the application of these technologies is the lack of studies on the mechanical behavior of parts manufactured using this methodology. This paper focuses on the manufacture of a turret for the clamping of parts for the aeronautical industry. The design of the lightened turret by means of geometry optimization, the manufacture of the turret in polylactic acid (PLA) and 5XXX series aluminum alloy by means of Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) technology and the analysis by means of finite element analysis (FEA) with its validation by means of a tensile test are presented. The behavior of the part manufactured with both materials is compared. The conclusion allows to establish which are the limitations of the part manufactured in PLA for its orientation to the final application, whose advantages are its lower weight and cost. This paper is novel as it presents a holistic view that covers the process in an integrated way from the design and manufacture to the behaviour of the component in use.
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Gaimster, David. „The Archaeology of Personal Security: Metal-Detector Finds of Early Modern Letter-Combination Padlocks“. Antiquaries Journal 85 (September 2005): 374–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003581500074448.
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Three recent finds of keyless letter-combination locks reflect the growth in the need for personal security during the early modern period. Although geographically distant from each other, the fact that the three padlocks in question share many of the same distinguishing characteristics is indicative of their manufacture by a single specialist producer. Alternatively, one manufacturer may have sold blanks to traders who personalized the lock once they found a buyer, in which case the locks are the work of two manufacturers — a maker and a finisher — which implies a widespread network of professional and casual makers within the locksmithing trade.
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Grimshaw, M. „Throwing down the gauntlet: ‘Iron hands’ and the sixteenth century armourer“. Prosthetics and Orthotics International 26, Nr. 2 (August 2002): 135–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03093640208726636.
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The work of sixteenth century ‘medical armourers’ in the manufacture of iron hands based on skills developed in the manufacture of armoured gauntlets is briefly explored. In order to illustrate their form and function, reference is made to an iron hand in the collection of the British Museum and a comparison is made with another example manufactured around the same period.
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Rosales, Julia, Francisco Agrela, José Luis Díaz-López und Manuel Cabrera. „Alkali-Activated Stainless Steel Slag as a Cementitious Material in the Manufacture of Self-Compacting Concrete“. Materials 14, Nr. 14 (14.07.2021): 3945. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14143945.
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This work develops the manufacture of self-compacting concrete (SCC) with 50% cement reduction. As an alternative binder to cement, the viability of using an alkali-activated combination of stainless steel slag (SSS) and fly ash (FA) has been demonstrated. SSS was processed applying three different treatments. Binders were manufactured mixing 35% SSS with 65% FA, as precursors, and a hydroxide activating solution. This binder was replaced by the 50% cement for the manufacture of SCC. The results obtained show good mechanical properties and durability. The study shows a reduction in the use of cement in the manufacture of SCC reusing two wastes.
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E, Tejaswini, und Anupama A. „A REWARD MECHANISM FOR MEDICINE SUPPLY CHAIN THROUGH BLOCK CHAIN TECHNOLOGY“. International Journal of Engineering Applied Sciences and Technology 7, Nr. 2 (01.06.2022): 247–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.33564/ijeast.2022.v07i02.038.
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The main issues with drug safety in the counterfeit medicine supply chain, are to do with how the drugs are initially manufactured. The traceability of right and active pharmaceutical ingredients during actual manufacture is a difficult process, so detecting drugs that do not contain the intended active ingredients can ultimately lead to end consumer patient harm or even death. Block chain’s advanced features make it capable of providing a basis for complete traceability of drugs, from manufacturer to end consumer, and the ability to identify counterfeit-drug. This paper aims to address the issue of drug safety using Block chain and encrypted QR(quick response) code security. Manufacturer generates an encrypted QR (quick response) code for the details and attaches the transaction to the block chain system. If any participants want details of drugs, then public key must be shared by that participant to the manufacturer. Manufacturer will encrypt the QR code and will send back to the participant. The QR code will be decrypted by the valid participant by their private key.
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E, Tejaswini, und Anupama TA. „A REWARD MECHANISM FOR MEDICINE SUPPLY CHAIN THROUGH BLOCK CHAIN TECHNOLOGY“. International Journal of Engineering Applied Sciences and Technology 7, Nr. 4 (01.08.2022): 217–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.33564/ijeast.2022.v07i04.034.
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The main issues with drug safety in the counterfeit medicine supply chain, are to do with how the drugs are initially manufactured. The traceability of right and active pharmaceutical ingredients during actual manufacture is a difficult process, so detecting drugs that do not contain the intended active ingredients can ultimately lead to end consumer patient harm or even death. Block chain’s advanced features make it capable of providing a basis for complete traceability of drugs, from manufacturer to end consumer, and the ability to identify counterfeit-drug. This paper aims to address the issue of drug safety using Block chain and encrypted QR(quick response) code security. Manufacturer generates an encrypted QR (quick response) code for the details and attaches the transaction to the block chain system. If any participants want details of drugs, then public key must be shared by that participant to the manufacturer. Manufacturer will encrypt the QR code and will send back to the participant. The QR code will be decrypted by the valid participant by their private key.
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Khmel, Y., А. Korolev und O. Cherednikov. „COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT OF SHORTCOMINGS OF FLIGHT AND TECHNICAL UNIFORMS FOR FLIGHT COMPOSITION OF AIR FORCES“. Наукові праці Державного науково-дослідного інституту випробувань і сертифікації озброєння та військової техніки 14, Nr. 4 (30.12.2022): 156–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.37701/dndivsovt.14.2022.16.
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The study of the materials on the results of the previously conducted tests showed the same type of deficiencies in the development and production of FTU for the flight crew of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. Therefore, a decision was made to conduct an analysis of the defects structure and further divide them into different classes and form a classification of typical defects in the development and manufacture of FTU which will draw the attention of developers and manufacturers of FTU to the features of the development and manufacture of the above products.
Thus, based on the results of the tests and a comprehensive evaluation of their results, this classification of typical shortcomings of the development and manufacture of FTU was formed, which will save time for developers (manufacturers) of FTU during the development and manufacture of these products and will increase the probability of the end of the tests with positive results and the subsequent acceptance of FTU samples to support the Armed Forces of Ukraine.
Prospects for further research are:
It is planned to assess the importance of the influence of each of the typical shortcomings or their complex interaction on the quality parameters of the development and manufacture of FTU in the future.
The proposed classification of typical deficiencies in the development and manufacture of FTU will be relevant in the future when performing a comprehensive assessment of the deficiencies in the development and manufacture of military (other uniform) uniforms for the needs of other branches of the Armed Forces of Ukraine and power structures of
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Lancea, Camil, Valentin-Marian Stamate, Lucia-Antoneta Chicoş, Sebastian-Marian Zaharia, Alin-Mihai Pop, Ionut-Stelian Pascariu und George-Răzvan Buican. „Design and additive manufacturing of brushless electric motor components“. MATEC Web of Conferences 343 (2021): 01007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202134301007.
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The electric motor components are manufactured through the additive process of fused filament fabrication in order to verify the functionality of the electric motor assembly. This process was chosen due to the advantages it confers: fast obtaining of components, low manufacturing costs, no tools required for processing or for moulds manufacturing. Through the fused filament fabrication process, parts with complex geometries, which cannot be obtained by classical machining, can be manufactured. Due to the above-mentioned advantages, this technology is extremely useful for the manufacture and testing of prototypes. The paper aims to manufacture components of a brushless electric motor in order to verify the assembling compatibility and manufacturing accuracy.
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Wang, Kaihong, Li Cheng und Chuan Ding. „Infinity Period Dynamic Control of a Kind of Channel’s Price and Brand Investment: A Differential Game Method“. Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/721970.
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The infinity period dynamic control problem of distribution channel was studied with differential game approach. Four differential dynamic control models of coordinated channel game, uncoordinated static game, Stackelberg game with manufacture controlled, and Stackelberg game withnretailers controlled were constructed. Some results applied dynamic optimization theory made with Hamilton function. The conclusions are as follows. (1) Optimization brand investment controlled by manufacture has nothing to do with time. (2) Retail price was the most minimum when channel was integrated. (3) Manufacture’s profits of uncoordinated static game and Stackelberg game with manufacture controlled were more than Stackelberg game withnretailers controlled. (4) Retailer’s profits of Stackelberg game withnretailers controlled were less than Stackelberg game with manufacture controlled. (5) Channel’s total profits of Stackelberg game withnretailers controlled were the most minimum.
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García-Gascón, César, Pablo Castelló-Pedrero und Juan Antonio García-Manrique. „Minimal Surfaces as an Innovative Solution for the Design of an Additive Manufactured Solar-Powered Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)“. Drones 6, Nr. 10 (02.10.2022): 285. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/drones6100285.
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This paper aims to describe the methodology used in the design and manufacture of a fixed-wing aircraft manufactured using additive techniques together with the implementation of technology based on solar panels. The main objective is increasing the autonomy and range of the UAV’s autonomous missions. Moreover, one of the main targets is to improve the capabilities of the aeronautical industry towards sustainable aircrafts and to acquire better mechanical properties owing to the use of additive technologies and new printing materials. Further, a lower environmental impact could be achieved through the use of renewable energies. Material extrusion (MEX) technology may be able to be used for the manufacture of stronger and lighter parts by using gyroids as the filling of the printed material. The paper proposes the use of minimal surfaces for the reinforcement of the UAV aircraft wings. This type of surface was never used because it is not possible to manufacture it using conventional techniques. The rapid growth of additive technologies led to many expectations for new design methodologies in the aeronautical industry. In this study, mechanical tests were carried out on specimens manufactured with different geometries to address the design and manufacture of a UAV as a demonstrator. In addition, to carry out the manufacture of the prototype, a 3D printer with a movable bench similar to a belt, that allows for the manufacture of parts without limitations in the Z axis, was tested. The parts manufactured with this technique can be structurally improved, and it is possible to avoid manufacturing multiple prints of small parts of the aircraft that will have to be glued later, decreasing the mechanical properties of the UAV. The conceptual design and manufacturing of a solar aircraft, SolarÍO, using additive technologies, is presented. A study of the most innovative 3D printers was carried out that allowed for the manufacture of parts with an infinite Z-axis and, in addition, a filler based on minimal surfaces (gyroids) was applied, which considerably increased the mechanical properties of the printed parts. Finally, it can be stated that in this article, the potential of the additive manufacturing as a new manufacturing process for small aircrafts and for the aeronautical sector in the future when new materials and more efficient additive manufacturing processes are already developed is demonstrated.
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Ahmed, Noor A., und Terry R. Day. „Design and Manufacture of the Prototype of an Innovative Pump for ‘Proof of Concept’ Test“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 607 (Juli 2014): 536–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.607.536.
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The design and manufacture of an innovative pump conceived based on vortex diffusion is described in this paper. The authors believe the pump has the potential of achieving higher efficiency gains than those currently available. A prototype was, therefore, manufactured for laboratory testing and eventual field trials and commercial manufacture. The success of the concept in achieving the goals, will pave the way towards significant savings in fuel expenditure through lower pumping costs.
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Safonova, Irina, und Andrei Golubev. „Possible impact of the green economy requirements on the furniture industry development in Kaliningrad region“. E3S Web of Conferences 291 (2021): 01001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202129101001.
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The article discusses the possible impact of the requirements of the “green economy” on the furniture industry development in Kaliningrad region. The main question posed in the article – whether furniture manufacturers from Kaliningrad region can withstand future changes related to the “green economy”. The authors collected and examined data on the main factors affecting the Kaliningrad furniture industry earlier (changes in customs regulations) and now (impact of the COVID-19 pandemic). Along with the general analysis, the authors considered the manufacture of individual products. No sharper drop in the furniture manufacture for home use compared with the furniture manufacture for offices was found as a result. As vendors, component suppliers, and furniture manufacturers have formed a regional cluster, its role in overcoming current challenges was also examined. Taking into account the current situation, the authors come to a rather negative conclusion about the contribution of the Kaliningrad Association of Furniture Manufacturers to the general anti-crisis actions. The requirements of the “green economy” are expected to lead to a significant increase in capital expenditures for Kaliningrad furniture manufacturers. Taking into account the current problems caused by changes in customs regulations and the COVID-19 epidemic, Kaliningrad furniture manufacturers will not put these costs at the top of their priorities in the next 3-5 years.
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Lu, Yan Ming. „A Study on Spiral Groove Grinding with Dish Wheel“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 101-102 (September 2011): 207–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.101-102.207.
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As to spiral groove grinding, a formed wheel was needed to be designed and manufactured conventionally based on envelope theory, and then this wheel was used to grind the specified spiral groove. This paper tried to find the other way to manufacture the specified spiral groove with common dish wheels. A generic model for groove grinding is presented in this paper, the groove geometries can be calculated under certain grinding parameters. The relations between the grinding parameter and groove geometries were studied numerically. To manufacture the specified spiral groove with common dish wheels and no special wheel is needed to be designed. This method offers a new way for the spiral groove grinding. This technology also makes the spiral groove virtual machining possible. The technology is also a real DFM (Design For Manufacture), because the design process for spiral groove is the process for selecting manufacture parameters.
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Duflou, Joost R., Amar Kumar Behera, Hans Vanhove und Liciane S. Bertol. „Manufacture of Accurate Titanium Cranio-Facial Implants with High Forming Angle Using Single Point Incremental Forming“. Key Engineering Materials 549 (April 2013): 223–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.549.223.
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One of the key application areas of Single Point Incremental Forming is in the manufacture of parts for bio-medical applications. This paper discusses the challenges associated with the manufacture of cranio-facial implants with extreme forming angles using medical grade titanium sheets. While on one hand, the failure wall angle is an issue of concern, the parts also need to be manufactured with accuracy at the edges where the implants fit into the human body. Systematic steps taken to overcome these challenges, using intelligent intermediate part design, feature analysis and compensation, are discussed. A number of case studies illustrating the manufacture of accurate parts in aluminium, stainless steel and titanium grade-2 alloy are discussed.
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Kang, Junho, Jeongwon Kim, Jungho Ahn, Inyeol Yoon, Hyunwoo Kim, Ju Lee und Donghoon Jung. „A Study on the Design of Novel Slotless Motor Considering Winding Manufacture Process for a Collaborative Robot“. Actuators 12, Nr. 4 (03.04.2023): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/act12040156.
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In this paper, the design of novel slotless permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) for a collaborative robot was studied considering the manufacture process of winding. The winding manufacture process of novel slotless PMSM was proposed in three steps. First, the two types of coil units were manufactured based on the winding jig to assemble the coil units. Second, the coil unit was manufactured using the injection molding based on the plastic material such as polyphenylene sulfide (PPS). Third, the units of the coil were assembled to form a stator winding. Considering this manufacture process of winding, the slotless motor design was studied for the collaborative robot. For the design and analysis of slotless motor, finite element analysis (FEA) was performed through ANSYS Maxwell. The electromagnetic performance was analyzed according to the pole-slot combination. Considering the space of the collaborative robot, the basic model was designed. Based on the basic model, the electromagnetic performance was analyzed according to the design parameters such as the thickness of magnet and yoke and turns per slot. Considering the torque and current density, the final model was designed. To verify the FEA results, the slotless motor was manufactured and the experiment and FEA results were compared.
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Bi, Wen Bo, Pei Qi Ge, Yu Fei Gao und Zhen Jie Zhu. „Development of the Manufacture Equipment for Resin Bonded Diamond Abrasive Wire Saw“. Advanced Materials Research 588-589 (November 2012): 1694–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.588-589.1694.
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This paper introduces the structure of the resin bonded abrasive wire saw manufacture equipment. The equipment can complete the process of the wire saw production, including uncoiling wire, cleaning wire, binder coating, Pre-curving and coiling wire. Wire saw are manufactured successfully by this equipment in the manufacture experiment. The quality of the wire saw was examined by SEM. The average slicing ability of the wire saw is 205 mm2 per meter in the experiment of KDP crystal slicing.
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Kara, Aytug, Athina Vassiliadou, Baris Ongoren, William Keeble, Richard Hing, Aikaterini Lalatsa und Dolores R. Serrano. „Engineering 3D Printed Microfluidic Chips for the Fabrication of Nanomedicines“. Pharmaceutics 13, Nr. 12 (10.12.2021): 2134. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13122134.
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Currently, there is an unmet need to manufacture nanomedicines in a continuous and controlled manner. Three-dimensional (3D) printed microfluidic chips are an alternative to conventional PDMS chips as they can be easily designed and manufactured to allow for customized designs that are able to reproducibly manufacture nanomedicines at an affordable cost. The manufacturing of microfluidic chips using existing 3D printing technologies remains very challenging because of the intricate geometry of the channels. Here, we demonstrate the manufacture and characterization of nifedipine (NFD) polymeric nanoparticles based on Eudragit L-100 using 3D printed microfluidic chips with 1 mm diameter channels produced with two 3D printing techniques that are widely available, stereolithography (SLA) and fuse deposition modeling (FDM). Fabricated polymeric nanoparticles showed good encapsulation efficiencies and particle sizes in the range of 50–100 nm. SLA chips possessed better channel resolution and smoother channel surfaces, leading to smaller particle sizes similar to those obtained by conventional manufacturing methods based on solvent evaporation, while SLA manufactured nanoparticles showed a minimal burst effect in acid media compared to nanoparticles fabricated with FDM chips. Three-dimensional printed microfluidic chips are a novel and easily amenable cost-effective strategy to allow for customization of the design process for continuous manufacture of nanomedicines under controlled conditions, enabling easy scale-up and reducing nanomedicine development times, while maintaining high-quality standards.
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Suwandi, Agri, Gandjar Kiswanto, Widjajalaksmi Kusumaningsih und Tresna P. Soemardi. „Research – Design & Development of Fast Customized Manufacturing for Prostheses TKR Based on Rapid Prototyping“. Advanced Materials Research 980 (Juni 2014): 243–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.980.243.
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The challenge for engineer’s orthopedic prosthetic rehabilitation is to find a state of the art in the field, technical or otherwise, that will help their clients who have disabilities. Organ replacement with prostheses is one of the most successful procedures until now. However prostheses are still using standard geometry that has been determined by the manufacturer of the prostheses and it becomes a problem. In addition to the design size that does not fit, long manufacturing process takes time and is expensive also being a problem. Suitability of the prostheses with the patient's body anthropometry and speed of production in the manufacture of the prostheses is very important. In manufacturing, precision and speed of manufacture of the product is something that is possible but requires a high cost, especially in the manufacture of prostheses. By using rapid prototyping technology are available, this research try to develop the customized and rapid manufacturing systems for the manufacture of prostheses, especially for Total Knee Replacement (TKR).
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Thakker, A., C. Sheahan, P. Frawley und H. B. Khaleeq. „Innovative manufacture of impulse turbine blades for wave energy power conversion“. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 216, Nr. 7 (01.07.2002): 1053–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544050260174247.
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An innovative approach to the manufacture of impulse turbine blades using rapid prototyping, fused decomposition modelling (FDM), is presented in this paper. These blades were designed and manufactured by the Wave Energy Research Team (WERT) at the University of Limerick for the experimental analysis of a 0.6m impulse turbine with fixed guide vanes for wave energy power conversion. The computer aided design/manufacture (CAD/CAM) package Pro-Engineer 2000i was used for three-dimensional solid modelling of the individual blades. A detailed finite element analysis (FEA) of the blades under centrifugal loads was performed using Pro-Mechanica. Based on this analysis and FDM machine capabilities, blades were redesigned. Finally, Pro-E data were transferred to an FDM machine for the manufacture of turbine blades. The objective of this paper is to present the innovative method used to design, modify and manufacture blades in a time and cost effective manner using a concurrent engineering approach.
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Smekhova, I. Ye, Yu M. Ladutko und O. V. Kalinina. „EXTEMPORAL MANUFACTURE OF MEDICINES. PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS“. Vestnik Farmacii 91, Nr. 1 (01.04.2021): 48–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.52540/2074-9457.2021.1.48.
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Despite the decrease in the number of pharmacies having prescription and manufacturing departments the need for extemporally manufactured dosage forms remains high. Pharmaceutical organization dealing with medicines manufacture is currently facing a number of problems: lack of modern pharmaceutical substances at pharmacies, manufacture of medicines containing narcotic substances, psychotropic substances and their precursors, high costs, low profitability of in-pharmacy manufacture and etc. The urgency to preserve and revive ex tempore formulations at pharmacies is highlighted. The groups of patients for whom individual manufacture of medicines is most relevant are identified: children, especially newborn and children under 1 year old, elderly patients, as well as patients with orphan diseases and patients requiring palliative care. The advantages of the extemporal formulation are noted, in particular, the selection of an individual composition and dosage taking into account body characteristics, age, concomitant diseases of the patient, tolerance of medicinal substances and their excipients, etc. Some ways to solve problems arising are suggested. Promising directions for the development of extemporal manufacture are noted: the use of modern excipients, technologies, packaging facilities, the development of internal regulatory documentation for the pharmaceutical quality system and etc.
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Salgado-Lopez, Juan Manuel, Enrique Martinez-Franco, Celso Cruz-Gonzalez, Jorge Corona-Castuera und Jhon Alexander Villada-Villalobos. „Microstructure and Microhardness Evolution of Additively Manufactured Cellular Inconel 718 after Heat Treatment with Different Aging Times“. Metals 12, Nr. 12 (14.12.2022): 2141. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12122141.
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The manufacture of cellular structures using high-performance materials is possible thanks to the additive manufacturing of metals. However, it is well known that the mechanical and microstructural properties of metals manufactured by this technique do not correspond to those of the same metals manufactured by conventional methods. It is well known that the mechanical properties depend on the direction of manufacture, the size of the pieces, and the type of cell structure used. In addition, the effect of heat treatments on parts manufactured by additive manufacturing differs from parts manufactured by conventional methods. In this work, the microstructure and microhardness of cellular structures of Inconel 718, manufactured by additive manufacturing under heat treatments with different aging times, were evaluated. It was found that the time of the first aging impacts the microhardness and its homogeneity, affecting the microstructure. The highest hardness was obtained for an aging time of 8 h, while the lowest standard deviation was obtained at 10 h. Finally, it is shown that the aging time influences a more homogeneous distribution of the elements and phases.
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Bottomley, I. E. „Superplastic Forming and Diffusion Bonding of Aircraft Structures“. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering 209, Nr. 3 (Juli 1995): 227–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1995_209_293_02.
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The diffusion bonding (DB)/superplastic forming (SPF) manufacturing process, for titanium 6A1/4V material, has been developed within British Aerospace for the manufacture of military aircraft components. Diffusion bonding of titanium alloys offers the potential for parent metal joint strengths, and when combined with SPF, complex aircraft components offering significant cost and weight savings can be manufactured. This paper briefly describes the DB/SPF development programme and the manufacture of the Tornado heat exchanger ducts and European Fighter Aircraft (EFA) foreplane components.
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Liu, Baojie, Jiaxin Liu, Xianjun Yu und Guangfeng An. „A Novel Decomposition Method for Manufacture Variations and the Sensitivity Analysis on Compressor Blades“. Aerospace 9, Nr. 10 (23.09.2022): 542. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace9100542.
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A high accuracy blade manufacture variation decomposition method was proposed to decompose the manufacture variations of compressor blades to systematic variation and non-systematic variation, which could help to clearly quantify the statistical characteristics of the effect of manufacture variations on the blade aerodynamic performance and to guide the modeling of manufacture variations in geometric uncertainty quantification and robust design studies. By conducting the decomposition of manufacture variations with 100 newly manufactured blades of a high-pressure compressor, it was found that the systematic variation could be modeled by using seven representative blade geometry design parameters well and the mean value of the non-systematic variation, which is determined by using the difference between the measured blade and systematically reconstructed blade, is close to zero. For the standard deviation of decomposed manufacture variations, the non-systematic variation accounts for about 40% of the whole, indicating that the systematic variation is the major component of the manufacture variation. However, based on statistical analysis and sensitivity analysis of the effects of the two types of manufacture variations on blade aerodynamic performance, it was found that the mean deviation of the blade loss mainly derives from systematic variations, and the loss dispersion caused by non-systematic variations is significantly greater than that caused by systematic variations. Furthermore, the blade loss at the high incidence angle is most sensitive to the inlet metal angle which belongs to the systematic variation. Meanwhile, the non-systematic variation near the leading-edge is the most sensitive, and it contributes to most of the performance disperse but only accounts for a geometric variation of about 0.45%.
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Othman, Idris, Muhamad Hafiz Azlam, Hisham Mohamad, Nasir Shafiq und Madzlan Napiah. „Identification of Good China Steel Manufacturer for Industry“. MATEC Web of Conferences 203 (2018): 02009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201820302009.
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The purpose of this research study was to identify Good China Steel Manufacturer for Industry. Since 1990s, China’s Steel manufacture rapidly improve the output of the Steel Supply. In 2003, accumulated annual production by China’s Steel Manufacture exceeding 200million tons of Steel surpass others traditional Steel Manufacture likely Western Europe, India and Japanese Steel Manufacture. In China, there are Steel Manufacture that capable to produce the Steel Material follow World Class quality similar with reputable steel manufacture in Japan and Western Europe, however due to people general sceptical opinion on the China product, people perception that all China product is low quality without proper investigate on their capability and ability to supply the Steel Material for industry. In the project that related to steel product i.e Steel Bridge, offshore steel Jacket and Platform, pipeline, 40%-50% of Contract price is liaise with procurement of material. Utilizing China Steel Product envisage potential cost saving of 10%-20% to the overall Project cost that give advantage for both Contractor and Customer in reducing the overall cost of project. This paper aims to outline a research project for developing both information and technical requirements to identify good China Steel Manufacture via literature review, questionnaire survey, focus group, and audit report by reputable organization. The project results, will act as solid platform for Contractor and vendor to identify potential Steel Vendor for their project. It will support the decision-making process with respect to, quality, safety enhancement and assurance of quality to utilize China Steel Product for a project.
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Janiszewski, Jacek, Paweł Przybyłek, Rafał Bieńczak, Łukasz Komorek und Miłosz Sobieski zu Schwarzenberg. „The influence of the manufacturing method on the mechanical properties of the honeycomb core sandwich composite“. Technologia i Automatyzacja Montażu, Nr. 4 (2022): 20–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.7862/tiam.2022.4.3.
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Reducing weight and fuel consumption is one of the main goals of modern aeronautical engineering. The most common materials to achieve this goal are composite layered materials, including the sandwich ones. High strength, stiffness and low density have made sandwich composites one of the fundamental materials of the aerospace industry. Sandwich-structured composites can be manufactured with a variety of methods, differing primarily in the manufacturing time, which translates into an overall cost of making a composite component. The research focused on three methods of manufacturing sandwich composite materials with a honeycomb core, differing in the number of operations, during which it was possible to obtain a finished composite panel (single-phase, two-phase and three-phase methods). The authors manufactured and examined composites with a honeycomb cover and two composite glass fibre-reinforced covers. The composites were made by means of the vacuum bag method. As a result of the conducted study, it was found that composites manufactured with the single-phase method have the shortest manufacture time as well as the lowest material consumption, however their strength properties are the lowest. The two-phase method requires a longer manufacture time and more material consumption, however it makes it possible to obtain a composite with higher strength compared with the single-phase method. The three-phase method has the longest composite manufacture time and the highest material consumption.
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Ishikawa, Wataru. „Propeller Manufacture“. Marine Engineering 48, Nr. 1 (2013): 76–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5988/jime.48.76.
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Anderson, Kevin J. „Felt Manufacture“. MRS Bulletin 18, Nr. 8 (August 1993): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s088376940003788x.
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Cossa, Daniel. „Methylmercury manufacture“. Nature Geoscience 6, Nr. 10 (27.09.2013): 810–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1967.
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Ghosh, S. K. „Integrated manufacture“. Journal of Mechanical Working Technology 16, Nr. 1 (Februar 1988): 103–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-3804(88)90152-0.
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Rudd, C. D., und K. N. Kendall. „Towards a Manufacturing Technology for High-Volume Production of Composite Components“. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 206, Nr. 2 (Mai 1992): 77–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1992_206_060_02.
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The last decade has seen strong interest from high-volume manufacturers such as the automotive industry in the development of processes which provide cost effective routes to the manufacture of components in fibre-reinforced composite materials. This paper considers one family of processes that have been targeted as offering a solution—that of resin transfer moulding (RTM)—and reviews the findings of work based at the University of Nottingham. The mechanisms involved are examined together with the variants on the basic process and the implications for high-volume production. Consideration is given to process technology, materials and the relationship between design and manufacture. A route to high-volume manufacture based upon computer aided engineering is proposed.
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Sarkar, Prabirjit, und H. W. Singer. „Manufacture—manufacture terms of trade deterioration: A reply“. World Development 21, Nr. 10 (Oktober 1993): 1617–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0305-750x(93)90096-r.
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Sanchez-Alonso, Elsa, Gonzalo Valdes-Vidal und Alejandra Calabi-Floody. „Experimental Study to Design Warm Mix Asphalts and Recycled Warm Mix Asphalts Using Natural Zeolite as Additive for Sustainable Pavements“. Sustainability 12, Nr. 3 (29.01.2020): 980. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12030980.
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There are currently various technologies for the manufacture of warm mix asphalts (WMA). This paper presents the possibility of using a natural zeolite to manufacture WMA as an alternative to existing synthetic products for the manufacture of this type of mixture. Moreover, the possibility of manufacturing WMA with the addition of recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) using natural zeolite as the basis of a warm mix technology was evaluated. Firstly, asphalt mixtures were manufactured at three different temperatures (145 °C, 135 °C, and 125 °C) with different percentages of natural zeolite to determine the temperature and the optimum content for the manufacture of WMA. Then, the zeolite moisture content and its release over time were determined at different temperatures, and its distribution in the binder was checked at different concentrations by scanning electron microscopy and fluorescence. Next, with the optimum zeolite content, the addition of RAP between 10–30% in the WMA at the same three manufacturing temperatures was evaluated. Two types of compaction were used: the impact and gyratory compactions. The Marshall parameters were evaluated for all the designed mixtures. The results indicated that the manufacture of WMA with the addition of natural zeolite is feasible, and depending on the required mixing temperature, recycled WMA with different percentages of RAP can be obtained.
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Puspita, Desi. „Perangkat Lunak Bantu Penerimaan Siswa Baru Pada SD Methodist-5 Pagar Alam“. Jurnal Ilmiah Betrik 8, Nr. 03 (14.11.2017): 123–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.36050/betrik.v8i03.73.
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Software is a computer program associated with software documentation such as need documentation, design model, and user manual or a computer program without associated documentation. Software built by engineering is not manufactured by manufacture or manufacturer. The purpose of the development of software aids is to assist data collection in the process of admission of new students in SD Methodist-5 Pagar Alam. The process of data collection applied in SD Methodist-5 Pagar Alam is by using conventional method, that is by recording data process of new student acceptance which still using ledger, so that in process of data searching and report making can take a long time. Software development model used in this research is waterfall model that includes: System Engineering, Requirement analysis, Design, Coding, Testing and Maintenance.