Zeitschriftenartikel: „Mahananda rivers“

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Mukhopadhyay, Tanmay, und Soumen Bhattacharjee. „Study of the Genetic Diversity of the Ornamental Fish Badis badis (Hamilton-Buchanan, 1822) in the Terai Region of Sub-Himalayan West Bengal, India“. International Journal of Biodiversity 2014 (06.11.2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/791364.

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Dwarf chameleon fish or Badis badis, a lesser known ornamental freshwater fish, has recently been included in the Indian threatened category of fish list. There are insufficient studies with regard to the assessment of genetic background of this ichthyofauna, especially in the western sub-Himalayan region of West Bengal, India, popularly known as the Terai. The present study is the first attempt to investigate the present status of the genetic background of this species in the Mahananda and Balason rivers, major streams of this region. Twenty-one selective RAPD primers generated 53 and 60 polymorphic fragments in the Mahananda and Balason populations, respectively. The proportion of polymorphic loci, Nei’s genetic diversity (H), and Shannon’s index (H′) were 0.4416, 0.1654±0.2023, and 0.2450±0.2907, respectively, in Mahananda river population and were 0.5041, 0.1983±0.2126, and 0.2901±0.3037, respectively, in Balason river population. Inbreeding coefficient and degree of gene differentiation were also calculated. The H and H′ were found to be 0.1601±0.1944 and 0.2363±0.2782, respectively, in overall Mahananda-Balason river system. Our study revealed considerable lack of genetic variation among the individuals of Badis badis. The genetic data obtained from the present study lend support to the view that there is a scope of stock improvement for this ichthyofauna.

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Mondal, Sujit, Shyamal K. Basu und Monoranjan Chowdhury. „Calamus pseudoerectus (Arecaceae), a new species from the eastern Himalaya, India“. Journal of Threatened Taxa 11, Nr. 5 (26.03.2019): 13605–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.4493.11.5.13605-13610.

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Calamus pseudoerectus (Arecaceae or Palmae), a new species of rattan from the hilly slopes of Mukti and Mahananda rivers at Darjeeling District of West Bengal in the eastern Indian Himalaya, is described and illustrated. This species closely resembles two Indo-Myanmar species, C. erectus Roxb. and C. arborescence Griff. It, however, is distinguished by its short and extremely slender stem, spine ornamentation, pendulous, long-branched inflorescence, and minute fruits with fimbriate scales. A comparative study among C. pseudoerectus sp. nov., C. erectus Roxb., and C. arborescence Griff. is provided. Conservation status of this species is proposed as Endangered (EN) as per IUCN.

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Kirsanov, Dmitry, Subhankar Mukherjee, Souvik Pal, Koustuv Ghosh, Nabarun Bhattacharyya, Rajib Bandyopadhyay, Martin Jendrlin et al. „A Pencil-Drawn Electronic Tongue for Environmental Applications“. Sensors 21, Nr. 13 (29.06.2021): 4471. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21134471.

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We report on the development of a simple and cost-effective potentiometric sensor array that is based on manual “drawing” on the polymeric support with the pencils composed of graphite and different types of zeolites. The sensor array demonstrates distinct sensitivity towards a variety of inorganic ions in aqueous media. This multisensor system has been successfully applied to quantitative analysis of 100 real-life surface waters sampled in Mahananda and Hooghly rivers in the West Bengal state (India). Partial least squares regression has been utilized to relate responses of the sensors to the values of different water quality parameters. It has been found that the developed sensor array, or electronic tongue, is capable of quantifying total hardness, total alkalinity, and calcium content in the samples, with the mean relative errors below 18%.

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Thokdar, Tanmay, und Snehasish Saha. „A micro scale study of Mahananda river bank erosion and temporal Land use land cover scenario with special reference to natural forest in the foothills of Darjeeling Himalaya, West Bengal, India“. RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of Multidisciplinary 8, Nr. 10 (13.10.2023): 103–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31305/rrijm.2023.v08.n10.012.

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Bank erosion is an inevitable vestige of past to evident fluvial dynamics in relation to its discharge and velocities and work-load in view of its load washed or unwashed. The central idea is best suited to study the case of River Mahananda alias Mahanadi within the Upper Mahananda River basin area having similar kind of attestation of facts. The present study needed extraction of satellite imageries of Landsat from USGS sites associated with its processing and ultimately to frame out the temporal scenes through NDVI technique to visualize if the forest cover is at all influenced by bank erosion or not or for specific scales whatever is the reality. The inference registered heavy scouring along the hugging banks with temporal avulsions and bed aggradation. The rates of change of foothill forest areas and variation of cultivable areas for a period of 30 years initiating from 1990 is addressed to study here.

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Guha, Arindam, Priyom Roy, Swati Singh und K. Vinod Kumar. „Integrated Use of LANDSAT 8, ALOS-PALSAR, SRTM DEM and Ground GPR Data in Delineating Different Segments of Alluvial Fan System in Mahananda and Tista Rivers, West Bengal, India“. Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing 46, Nr. 4 (19.10.2017): 501–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12524-017-0711-9.

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Sajina, Aliyamintakath Muhammadali, Deepa Sudheesan, Srikanta Samanta, Samir Kumar Paul, Sanjay Bhowmick, Subir Kumar Nag, Vikas Kumar und Basanta Kumar Das. „Development and validation of a fish-based index of biotic integrity for assessing the ecological health of Indian Rivers Mahanadi and Kathajodi-Devi“. Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management 25, Nr. 2 (01.04.2022): 25–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.14321/aehm.025.02.25.

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Abstract India has a vast network of 14 major rivers and their tributaries, covering 83% of the drainage basin and accounting for 85% of the surface flow. Anthropogenic activities like damming, channel modification, water abstraction, sewage and effluent disposal, sand mining, unthoughtful exploitation of biotic resources, etc. are the major threats faced by the rivers in the country. Monitoring protocol of Indian rivers lacks an integrated approach based on judicious use of both abiotic and biotic components as well as a total lack of consideration for ecological health. Index of Biotic Integrity is a flexible multimetric index that can be modified and adapted to the various zoogeographic regions of the world. A fish-based multi-metric IBI was developed by modifying and incorporating metrics that are sensitive to the various ecological stressors faced by Indian rivers, fishes being excellent indicators of river health. The adapted IBI was validated and used to assess ecological health of two rivers—Mahanadi, and its distributary Kathajodi-Devi—flowing through central-eastern India. The study indicated that in River Mahanadi, around 25% of the freshwater river stretch was slightly impaired and the remaining 75% stretch was moderately impaired. In Kathajodi-Devi, most of the river stretches were in a moderately impaired condition, except at Italnga stretch where the river was severely impaired. The Index of Biotic Integrity scores estimated could reflect the ecological health of the rivers. The study shows that use of Index of Biotic Integrity is a useful and reliable approach to assess the health conditions of Indian aquatic resources warranting initiatives to be taken to implement and incorporate it into the country's water resource management.

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Ratha, Keshab Chandra. „Growing Industrialisation and its Cumulative Impacts: Insights from the Mahanadi River Basin“. Social Change 49, Nr. 3 (September 2019): 519–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0049085719863904.

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The Mahanadi river faces large-scale ecological disaster due to a variety of anthropogenic stresses. A prime factor is rapid industrialisation and coal-fired power generation plans that are being encouraged by the states of Odisha and Chhattisgarh. These are not only impacting the flow of the river’s waters and damaging the health of its basin but have also made the area susceptible to climate change. The industrial growth-based development has already polluted the Mahanadi to an irrecoverable extent. The over-allocation of water to industries has adversely effected the region’s irrigation and agriculture leading to a bitter contestation between industry and the farming community. As this comment emphasises, both state governments are taking advantage of the Mahanadi river for industrial use to maximise revenue generation but are at the same time are being insensitive to the adverse environmental and ecological consequences that such exploitation will surely lead to.

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Luhariya, Rupesh K., Kuldeep K. Lal, Rajeev K. Singh, Vindhya Mohindra, Arti Gupta, Prachi Masih, Arvind K. Dwivedi, Rakhi Das, U. K. Chauhan und J. K. Jena. „Genealogy and phylogeography of Cyprinid fish Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822) inferred from ATPase 6 and 8 mitochondrial DNA gene analysis“. Current Zoology 60, Nr. 4 (01.08.2014): 460–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/czoolo/60.4.460.

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Abstract ATPase 6/8 gene (842 bp) of mitochondrial DNA was sequenced in Labeo rohita samples (n = 253) collected from nine rivers belonging to four river basins; Indus, Ganges, Brahmaputra and Mahanadi. Analysis revealed 44 haplotypes with high haplotype diversity (Hd) 0.694 and low nucleotide diversity (π) 0.001. The within population variation was larger (83.44%) than among population differences (16.56%). The mean FST value (0.166; P < 0.05) for overall populations revealed moderate level of genetic structuring in the wild L. rohita populations. The haplotype network presented a single clade for wild L. rohita population, from different rivers. Negative values for Fu’s index (FS), mismatch distribution analysis indicated period of expansion in L. rohita population. The time after recent expansion was estimated for each population, between 0.042 to 0.167 mya. The pattern of Isolation by Distance (IBD) was not significant (r = -0.113, P < 0.287), when all the sampling locations were compared (Mantel test), however, when an outlier (Indus, Brahmaputra and Mahanadi) was removed from the whole population set, a clear positive correlation between pairwise FST and geographic distance (Km) was seen. The analysis of data demonstrated that ATPase6/8 gene polymorphism is a potential marker to understand genetic population structure of wild L. rohita existing in different rivers. The study identified population substructure in wild L. rohita with common ancestral origin [Current Zoology 60 (4): 460–471, 2014].

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Choudhury, Sudhir Ranjan, Ajay K. Singh, Anupama Mahato, Ashutosh Anand und Alok Kumar Chandrakar. „A Comprehensive Review of the Mahanadi River Basin in Chhattisgarh, India“. Ecology, Environment and Conservation 29, Nr. 04 (2023): 1648–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.53550/eec.2023.v29i04.031.

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The Mahanadi River is an interstate (Chhattisgarh and Odisha) river in India that flows for 851 kilometers, 357 of which are in Chhattisgarh. It is the lifeline of Chhattisgarh and Odisha. The Mahanadi River Basin (MRB) in Chhattisgarh covers an area of 75,136 km2 . This paper provides a detailed database on water demand and use, LULC changes, biodiversity, pollution status, and man-made structures, such as dams/ reservoirs, built in the Mahanadi river basin in Chhattisgarh. The significance of this overview paper stems from the fact that it improves river management and water distribution for various sectors in Chhattisgarh. Furthermore, it aids in the mitigation and adaptation to climate change, as well as the achievement of sustainable development goals.

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Laskar, Boni Amin, Dhriti Banerjee, Sangdeok Chung, Hyun-Woo Kim, Ah Ran Kim und Shantanu Kundu. „Integrative Taxonomy Clarifies the Historical Flaws in the Systematics and Distributions of Two Osteobrama Fishes (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) in India“. Fishes 9, Nr. 3 (27.02.2024): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fishes9030087.

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The taxonomy and geographical distributions of Osteobrama species have historically posed challenges to ichthyologists, leading to uncertainties regarding their native ranges. While traditional taxonomy has proven valuable in classification, the utility of an integrated approach is restricted for this particular group due to limitations in combining information from biogeography, morphology, and genetic data. This study addresses the taxonomic puzzle arising from the recent identification of Osteobrama tikarpadaensis in the Mahanadi and Godavari Rivers, casting doubt on the actual distribution and systematics of both O. tikarpadaensis and Osteobrama vigorsii. The research reveals distinctions among specimens resembling O. vigorsii from the Krishna and Godavari riverine systems. Notably, specimens identified as O. vigorsii from the Indian Museum exhibit two pairs of barbels, while those from the Godavari River in this study are identified as O. tikarpadaensis. Inter-species genetic divergence and maximum likelihood phylogeny provide clear delineation between O. vigorsii and O. tikarpadaensis. The study suggests that O. vigorsii may be limited to the Krishna River system in southern India, while O. tikarpadaensis could potentially extend from the Mahanadi River in central India to the Godavari River in southern India. Proposed revision to morphological features for both species, accompanied by revised taxonomic keys, aim to facilitate accurate differentiation among Osteobrama congeners. The data generated by this research provide a resource for future systematic investigations into cyprinids in India and surrounding regions. Further, the genetic diversity information obtained from various riverine systems for Osteobrama species will be instrumental in guiding aquaculture practices and formulating effective conservation action plans.

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Chandra, Sulekh, Arendra Singh, Praveen Kumar Tomar und Adarsh Kumar. „Evaluation of Physicochemical Characteristics of Various River Water in India“. E-Journal of Chemistry 8, Nr. 4 (2011): 1546–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/430232.

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Physicochemical parameters of water samples collected from various rivers in India. Water samples under investigations were collected from Krishana Vijaywada, Gomti Lucknow, Hoogali Kolkata, Ganga Kasi, Mahanadi Katak, Cauveri river Tiruchirapalli station during (July - August) seasons in the year 2009. The different sites show significant enrichment with Zn, Fe, Ni, Cr, Ca and Mg indicating input from industrial sources. The observed values of different physicochemical characteristics like pH, temperature, turbidity, total hardness (TH), iron, chloride, total dissolved solids(TDS), Ca2+, Mg2+, SO42-, F- total alkalinity (TA), COD, BOD, phosphate, FRC (Free residual chlorine), total silica and hydrazine of samples were compared with standard values recommended by Bureau of Indian standard (BIS).

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Ganguly, Ishita, Lipika Patnaik und Sushree Nayak. „Macroinvertebrates and its impact in assessing water quality of riverine system: A case study of Mahanadi river, Cuttack, India“. Journal of Applied and Natural Science 10, Nr. 3 (21.08.2018): 958–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v10i3.1817.

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The aim of this study was to identify the diverse macroinvertebrates present in river Mahanadi, Cuttack in India and to evaluate the role of macroinvertebrates in assessing river water quality and pollution level. We conducted field study of the river at Cuttack (85Â°46â€™21.29â€ E 20Â°28â€™15.81â€ N & 85Â°49â€™45.23â€ E 20Â°30â€™50.00â€ N) during 2013-2014 and collected aquatic invertebrate samples from 12 stations on river basin. The samples were analysed to explore the various families of Macroinvertebrates communities present in river Mahanadi, to examine the status of water quality of the river using biological indicators, to determine whether there are relationships between water chemistry and presence of typical macroinvertebrates and to develop a Macroinvertebrates based index to bio-assessment of Mahanadi River. A total of 484 taxa were identified and about 244 taxa of bivalves and 184 taxa of gastropods were collected. Presence of high number of pollution tolerant taxa and pollution sensitive taxa (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Tricoptera and Chironomidae) indicated increased risk of water pollution and calculated biotic score (8), biological monitoring working party (BMWP) score (52), average score per taxa (ASPT) score (4) and macroinvertebrate-based index (MBI) value indicated moderate pollution level in the river. We recorded pH, total hardness, dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD), total nitrite, chloride and total phosphate of water and physico-chemical parameters supported the values of biological assessment of water quality. Studying macaroinvertebrates helped to gain knowledge about aquatic faunal biodiversity in river Mahanadi and to develop a method for diagnosis of the health of river ecosystem and for measuring water pollution level.

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Thakur, P. K., A. Chouksey, P. Kalura, S. Ghosh, P. Dhote, A. Swain, M. Kalia et al. „INDIAN INLAND WATER AND PARTS OF ANTARCTIC ICE SHEET ELEVATION AND ICE SHEET VELOCITY MONITORING USING ALTIMETRY AND SAR BASED DATASETS“. ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-5 (19.11.2018): 367–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-5-367-2018.

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Abstract. The monitoring of inland water and continental ice sheets is very important from water management and global climate related studies. The current study utilizes the SGDR data from Saral-Altika during 2013–2017 to estimate and monitor water level in 24 major reservoirs of India. The R2 value for majority of reservoirs was more than 0.99 and RMSE error value also was less than 0.40m. In addition, wide rivers of India such as Mahanadi River, was also monitored using Altika data covering part of Mahanadi River from Khairmal to Naraj gauging sites during 2013–2016 time period. One dimensional hydro-dynamic (1D-HD) model was setup for this part of river to generate river Discharge at virtual gauge. The part of Antarctic ice sheet South of Indian research station Maitri, East Antarctica, was studied for ice sheet elevation changes using ground based stake network as well as space based altimeter/LIDAR datasets during 2003–2017 time period. 2003–2009 time was used for getting elevation changes using Icesat-1 level 2 altimetry product, and Geophysical Data Record (GDR) data from Altika was used with slope correction from 2013–2016 time period. An extensive network of ground based stake networks were used for validating the derived elevation changes. The ice sheet and glacier line of site velocity was estimated using Sentinel-1 based InSAR data with 6 to 12 day time interval data sets for year 2016 and 2017. The derived glacier velocity was comparable with optical image (Landsat-8) based glacier velocity for same year and also with historical Radarsat-1 based glacier velocity results.

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Liebing, Nicole, Peter Praschag, Rupali Gosh, Karthikeyan Vasudevan, S. M. A. Rashid, Ding-qi Rao, Heiko Stuckas und Uwe Fritz. „Molecular phylogeny of the softshell turtle genus Nilssonia revisited, with first records of N. formosa for China and wild-living N. nigricans for Bangladesh“. Vertebrate Zoology 62, Nr. 2 (06.07.2012): 261–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.62.e31389.

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Based on 2354 bp of mitochondrial DNA (12S rRNA, ND4, cyt b) and 2573 bp of nuclear DNA (C-mos, ODC, R35), we re-examine the phylogenetic relationships of Nilssonia species. Individual and combined analyses of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA using Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian approaches confirm the monophyly of the genus. While mitochondrial data alone could not resolve the phylogenetic position of N. formosa, nuclear data support a sister group relationship of N. formosa and the remaining Nilssonia species. Combined analyses of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA suggest the following branching pattern, with N. formosa as the sister taxon of the remaining species: N. formosa + ((N. gangetica + N. leithii) + (N. hurum + N. nigricans)). Among the samples we studied is the first record of N. formosa for Yunnan, China, and the first record of wild-living N. nigricans for Bangladesh. In N. gangetica, each of the studied major river basins harbours a genetically distinct population, suggesting that at least three distinct management units should be distinguished: (1) Brahmaputra River; (2) Indus and Ganges Rivers plus Ganges Delta; and (3) Mahanadi River.

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Prusty, Rabiranjan, und Trinath Biswal. „Assessment of Pollution Load in Terms of Water Quality Index and Modelling of Taladanda Canal and Mahanadi River in Paradip Area, Odisha, India“. Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution 17, Nr. 4 (31.10.2020): 59–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ajw200052.

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The modelling of water quality is an integrated source of good management, which benefits the environment and its people. In the present study, the quality of water was measured in terms of physicochemical analysis and WQI. This analysis facilitates the eco-management study of the water. In this article, we have measured the quality of the water in Taladanda canal and river Mahanadi nearby Paradip area in terms of WQI for the year 2017. Five different sampling stations were selected from Taladanda canal and nine sampling points were selected from river Mahanadi. It was found that the water quality index in most of the areas was much higher, however, the water is of poor quality. But in PPL site areas, the quality of water was found to be very poor and not suitable for human use. The pollution load was found to be much higher in the Taladanda canal and moderate in Mahanadi River near the Paradip area.

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Mukhopadhyay, Tanmay, und Soumen Bhattacharjee. „Genetic Diversity and Population Structure Analyses of Threatened Amblyceps mangois from Sub-Himalayan West Bengal, India Through Rapd and ISSR Fingerprinting“. Croatian Journal of Fisheries 77, Nr. 1 (01.03.2019): 33–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cjf-2019-0004.

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Abstract Amblyceps mangois or the “Indian torrent catfish” is a tropical, freshwater, hill-stream species that has ornamental-commercial value and has been included within the “Endangered” category in the list of threatened freshwater fishes of India. A total fourteen populations from the Terai and Dooars region of northern West Bengal, India were analyzed to study the genetic architecture of this species with the help of RAPD and ISSR markers. The observed number of alleles (S), Nei’s gene diversity (H) and Shannon’s information index (H´ or I) showed the highest values in the Teesta river system and the lowest values in the Mahananda river system. The UPGMA-based dendrogram and PCoA, based on RAPD and ISSR fingerprints, showed that the Mahananda and the Teesta river populations formed a group distinct from the remaining Jaldhaka river population. We further considered the fourteen riverine populations into nine groups according to the continuity of the water flow for SHE analysis. It was found that the three components, i.e. the pattern of diversity (H´), richness (S) and evenness (E), have varied and fluctuated across all fourteen populations from higher to lower altitude as the river flows downstream. AMOVA, PhiPT and genetic hierarchical analyses showed that a distinct hierarchical structure is present in Amblyceps populations in the study region. Low levels of genetic diversity/variation and genetic hierarchical structure with high genetic divergence were found in the present study as an indicator of the recent picture of threatened status of this species. This study is the initial attempt to characterize and evaluate the genetic architecture of the species from this region and there is a scope to manage the evolutionary significant units (ESU) for conservation purpose.

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Yadav, Arvind, Premkumar Chithaluru, Aman Singh, Devendra Joshi, Dalia H. Elkamchouchi, Cristina Mazas Pérez-Oleaga und Divya Anand. „An Enhanced Feed-Forward Back Propagation Levenberg–Marquardt Algorithm for Suspended Sediment Yield Modeling“. Water 14, Nr. 22 (16.11.2022): 3714. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14223714.

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Rivers are dynamic geological agents on the earth which transport the weathered materials of the continent to the sea. Estimation of suspended sediment yield (SSY) is essential for management, planning, and designing in any river basin system. Estimation of SSY is critical due to its complex nonlinear processes, which are not captured by conventional regression methods. Rainfall, temperature, water discharge, SSY, rock type, relief, and catchment area data of 11 gauging stations were utilized to develop robust artificial intelligence (AI), similar to an artificial-neural-network (ANN)-based model for SSY prediction. The developed highly generalized global single ANN model using a large amount of data was applied at individual gauging stations for SSY prediction in the Mahanadi River basin, which is one of India’s largest peninsular rivers. It appeared that the proposed ANN model had the lowest root-mean-squared error (0.0089) and mean absolute error (0.0029) along with the highest coefficient of correlation (0.867) values among all comparative models (sediment rating curve and multiple linear regression). The ANN provided the best accuracy at Tikarapara among all stations. The ANN model was the most suitable substitute over other comparative models for SSY prediction. It was also noticed that the developed ANN model using the combined data of eleven stations performed better at Tikarapara than the other ANN which was developed using data from Tikarapara only. These approaches are suggested for SSY prediction in river basin systems due to their ease of implementation and better performance.

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Farooqui, Anjum, T. Karuna Karudu, D. Rajasekhara Reddy und Ravi Mishra. „Organic matter depositional microenvironment in deltaic channel deposits of Mahanadi river, Andhra Pradesh“. Journal of Applied and Natural Science 1, Nr. 2 (01.12.2009): 180–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v1i2.58.

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Quantitative and qualitative variations in microscopic plant organic matter assemblages and its preservation state in deltaic channel deposits of Mahanadi River was correlated with the depositional environment in the ecosystem in order to prepare a modern analogue for use in palaeoenvironment studies. For this, palynological and palynofacies study was carried out in 57 surface sediment samples from Birupa river System, Kathjodi-Debi River system and Kuakhai River System constituting Upper, Middle and Lower Deltaic part of Mahanadi river. Theapex of the delta shows dominance of Spirogyra algae indicating high nutrient, low energy shallow ecosystem during most of the year and recharged only during monsoons. The depositional environment is anoxic to dysoxic in the central and south-eastern part of the Middle Deltaic Plain (MDP) and Lower Deltaic Plain (LDP) indicated by high percentage of nearby palynomorphs, Particulate Organic Matter (POM) and algal or fungal spores. The northern part of the delta show high POM preservation only in the estuarine area in LDP but high Amorphous Organic Matter (MOA) in MDP. The sediment here is deposited under dysoxic to oxic fluvial conditions. Thus, the monsoon intensity, direction of fluvial discharge, and the landward extent of sea water incursion through river mouths inducing bottom water salinity play an important role in defining the magnitude of POM and its preservation in the shallow Mahanadi deltaic ecosystem.

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Sawkar, R. H., und P. Krishnamurthy. „Report on the Webinar on ‘Mahanadi Tribunal:will the Mahanadi River get Justice’“. Journal of the Geological Society of India 97, Nr. 1 (Januar 2021): 107–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12594-021-1632-3.

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Ranjan, Vivek Kumar, Tilak Saha, Shriparna Mukherjee und Ranadhir Chakraborty. „Draft Genome Sequence of a Novel Bacterium,Pseudomonassp. Strain MR 02, Capable of Pyomelanin Production, Isolated from the Mahananda River at Siliguri, West Bengal, India“. Genome Announcements 6, Nr. 3 (18.01.2018): e01443-17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/genomea.01443-17.

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ABSTRACTThe draft genome sequence of a novel strain,Pseudomonassp. MR 02, a pyomelanin-producing bacterium isolated from the Mahananda River at Siliguri, West Bengal, India, is reported here. This strain has a genome size of 5.94 Mb, with an overall G+C content of 62.6%. The draft genome reports 5,799 genes (mean gene length, 923 bp), among which 5,503 are protein-coding genes, including the genes required for the catabolism of tyrosine or phenylalanine for the characteristic production of homogentisic acid (HGA). Excess HGA, on excretion, auto-oxidizes and polymerizes to form pyomelanin.

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Dutta, Upasana, Yogesh Kumar Singh, T. S. Murugesh Prabhu, Girishchandra Yendargaye, Rohini Gopinath Kale, Binay Kumar, Manoj Khare, Rahul Yadav, Ritesh Khattar und Sushant Kumar Samal. „Flood Forecasting in Large River Basins Using FOSS Tool and HPC“. Water 13, Nr. 24 (07.12.2021): 3484. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13243484.

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The Indian subcontinent is annually affected by floods that cause profound irreversible damage to crops and livelihoods. With increased incidences of floods and their related catastrophes, the design, development, and deployment of an Early Warning System for Flood Prediction (EWS-FP) for the river basins of India is needed, along with timely dissemination of flood-related information for mitigation of disaster impacts. Accurately drafted and disseminated early warnings/advisories may significantly reduce economic losses incurred due to floods. This study describes the design and development of an EWS-FP using advanced computational tools/methods, viz. HPC, remote sensing, GIS technologies, and open-source tools for the Mahanadi River Basin of India. The flood prediction is based on a robust 2D hydrodynamic model, which solves shallow water equations using the finite volume method. The model is open-source, supports geographic file formats, and is capable of simulating rainfall run-off, river routing, and tidal forcing, simultaneously. The model was tested for a part of the Mahanadi River Basin (Mahanadi Delta, 9225 sq km) with actual and predicted discharge, rainfall, and tide data. The simulated flood inundation spread and stage were compared with SAR data and CWC Observed Gauge data, respectively. The system shows good accuracy and better lead time suitable for flood forecasting in near-real-time.

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R S, Sharma, Mandal B K und Das G K. „DIAGNOSTIC ANALYSIS OF CATASTROPHIC FLOOD OVER EASTERN INDIA IN JULY 2017 - A CASE STUDY“. MAUSAM 71, Nr. 3 (03.08.2021): 513–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v71i3.53.

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Floods are very common in eastern India during southwest monsoon season. It brings a lot of misery to the people of this region. Every year eastern Indian states namely West Bengal, Odisha and Bihar witness such types of flood during monsoon period. Major river basins in eastern India are Ganga river basin in Bihar and West Bengal area, Odisha has three river basins namely Mahanadi, Subarnarekha, Brahmani and Baitarani [Fig. 1(a)]. As majority of tributary rivers of Ganga passing through Bihar and West Bengal; these two states are more prone to massive flood during monsoon season. The abnormal occurrence of rainfall generally causes floods. It occurs when surface runoff exceeds the capacity of natural drainage. The heavy rainfall is frequently occurring event over the area during South-West Monsoon (SWM) every year. The geographical location of the area, orography and its interaction with the basic monsoon flow is considered as one of prime factors of these heavy rainfall activities. Synoptically, the latitudinal oscillation of eastern end of the Monsoon Trough and the synoptic disturbances formed or passing over the eastern India region and / or its neighbourhood that brings moisture laden Easterly or South-Easterly winds over the area are the main causes responsible for heavy rainfall in this area.

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Debata, Subrat, Tuhinansu Kar, Kedar Kumar Swain und Himanshu Shekhar Palei. „The Vulnerable Indian Skimmer Rynchops albicollis Swainson, 1838 (Aves: Charadriiformes: Laridae) breeding in Odisha, eastern India“. Journal of Threatened Taxa 9, Nr. 11 (26.11.2017): 10961. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.3445.9.11.10961-10963.

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The Indian Skimmer is a globally threatened bird native to Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, and Vietnam. In India, it is more confined to the north, from Punjab through Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh to West Bengal, extending up to Odisha. Earlier, the bird was known to breed only in Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh, we confirm here the breeding of the Indian Skimmer along the river Mahanadi near Mundali, Odisha, eastern India. So, further monitoring at the breeding site and survey along the entire Mahanadi River are essential to understand the status of the Indian skimmer in Odisha. The information will also aid in reassessing its global status and formulating conservation plans.

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Sahu, Netrananda, Arpita Panda, Sridhara Nayak, Atul Saini, Manoranjan Mishra, Takahiro Sayama, Limonlisa Sahu, Weili Duan, Ram Avtar und Swadhin Behera. „Impact of Indo-Pacific Climate Variability on High Streamflow Events in Mahanadi River Basin, India“. Water 12, Nr. 7 (09.07.2020): 1952. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12071952.

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The potential impact of climate variability on the hydrological regime in the Mahanadi river basin is of great importance for sustainable water resources management. The impact of climate variability on streamflow is analyzed in this study. The impact of climate variability modes on extreme events of Mahanadi basin during June, July, and August (JJA), and September, October, and November (SON) seasons were analyzed, with daily streamflow data of four gauge stations for 34 years from 1980 to 2013 found to be associated with the sea surface temperature variations over Indo-Pacific oceans and Indian monsoon. Extreme events are identified based on their persistent flow for six days or more, where selection of the stations was based on the fact that there was no artificially regulated streamflow in any of the stations. Adequate scientific analysis was done to link the streamflow variability with the climate variability and very significant correlation was found with Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO), El Nino Modoki Index (EMI), and Indian monsoon. Agriculture covers major portion of the basin; hence, the streamflow is very much essential for agriculture as well as population depending on it. Any disturbances in the general flow of the river has subjected an adverse impact on the inhabitants’ livelihood. While analyzing the correlation values, it was found that all stations displayed a significant positive correlation with Indian Monsoon. The respective correlation values were 0.53, 0.38, 0.44, and 0.38 for Andhiyarkore, Baronda, Rajim, and Kesinga during JJA season. Again in the case of stepwise regression analysis, Monsoon Index for the June, July, and August (MI-JJA) season (0.537 for Andhiyarkore) plays significant role in determining streamflow of Mahanadi basin during the JJA season and Monsoon Index for July, August, and September (MI-JAS) season (0.410 for Baronda) has a strong effect in affecting streamflow of Mahanadi during the SON season. Flood frequency analysis with Weibull’s plotting position method indicates future floods in the Mahanadi river basin in JJA season.

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Shah, Harsh L., und Vimal Mishra. „Uncertainty and Bias in Satellite-Based Precipitation Estimates over Indian Subcontinental Basins: Implications for Real-Time Streamflow Simulation and Flood Prediction*“. Journal of Hydrometeorology 17, Nr. 2 (01.02.2016): 615–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jhm-d-15-0115.1.

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Abstract Real-time streamflow monitoring is essential over the Indian subcontinental river basins, as a large population is affected by floods. Moreover, streamflow monitoring helps in managing water resources in the agriculture-dominated region. In this study, the authors systematically investigated the bias and uncertainty in satellite-based precipitation products [Climate Prediction Center morphing technique (CMORPH); Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Information Using Artificial Neural Networks (PERSIANN); PERSIANN Climate Data Record (PERSIANN-CDR); and Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM), version 7, real-time (3B42RTV7) and gauge-adjusted (3B42V7) products] over the Indian subcontinental river basins for the period of 2000–13. Moreover, the authors evaluated the influence of bias in the satellite precipitation on real-time streamflow monitoring and flood assessment over the Mahanadi river basin. Results showed that CMORPH and PERSIANN underestimated daily mean precipitation over the majority of the subcontinental river basins. On the other hand, TRMM-3B42RTV7 overestimated daily mean precipitation over most of the river basins in the subcontinent. While gauge-adjusted products of PERSIANN (PERSIANN-CDR) and TRMM (TRMM-3B42V7) performed better than their real-time products, large biases remain in their performance to capture extreme precipitation (both frequency and magnitudes) over the subcontinental basins. Among the real-time precipitation products, TRMM-3B42RTV7 performed better than CMORPH and PERSIANN over the majority of the Indian subcontinental basins. Daily streamflow simulations using the Variable Infiltration Capacity model (VIC) for the Mahanadi river basin showed a better performance by the TRMM-3B42RTV7 product than the other real-time datasets. Moreover, daily streamflow simulations over the Mahanadi river basin showed that bias in real-time precipitation products affects the initial condition and precipitation forcing, which in turn affects flood peak timing and magnitudes.

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Acharya, Aditya P., Annam Pavan-Kumar, Pathakota Gireesh-Babu, Chaitanya G. Joshi, Aparna Chaudhari und Gopal Krishna. „Population genetics of Indian giant river-catfish, Sperata seenghala (Sykes, 1839) using microsatellite markers“. Aquatic Living Resources 32 (2019): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/alr/2019002.

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The giant river-catfish Sperata seenghala is one of the commercially important freshwater catfishes of India with wide distribution in all major rivers and reservoirs. This fish has huge demand in domestic market due to high nutritional value and low number of intramuscular bones. Conversely, the culture practices for this fish have not yet been standardized and capture fisheries is the only source to meet the demand. This may lead to over exploitation of resources and subsequent population reduction. Knowledge on genetic structure of populations is prerequisite to formulate sustainable management and conservation measures. In the present study, 15 microsatellites were used to characterize population genetics of S. seenghala collected from river Brahmaputra, Ganga, Godavari, Mahanadi and Narmada. Locus-wise, the number of alleles varied from 8 to 19 with an average of 12 alleles per locus. The mean observed and expected heterozygosity values varied from 0.622 to 0.699 and 0.733 to 0.774, respectively. Several loci have shown deviation from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium and no significant linkage disequilibrium between pairs of loci was detected. Pair-wise FST values between populations ranged from 0.135 (Brahmaputra–Ganga) to 0.173 (Brahmaputra–Narmada) and confirmed the moderate to high genetic differentiation among the populations. AMOVA, Structure and Principal Co-ordinate analyses showed significant genetic differentiation among the sampled populations of S. seenghala. A total of 65 private alleles were recorded across populations. This study confirmed the distinctiveness of each population of S. seenghala from five major rivers of India. These populations could be treated as distinct management units (MUs) for assessment and management purpose.

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Yadav, Arvind, Premkumar Chithaluru, Aman Singh, Marwan Ali Albahar, Anca Jurcut, Roberto Marcelo Álvarez, Ramesh Kumar Mojjada und Devendra Joshi. „Suspended Sediment Yield Forecasting with Single and Multi-Objective Optimization Using Hybrid Artificial Intelligence Models“. Mathematics 10, Nr. 22 (15.11.2022): 4263. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10224263.

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Rivers play a major role within ecosystems and society, including for domestic, industrial, and agricultural uses, and in power generation. Forecasting of suspended sediment yield (SSY) is critical for design, management, planning, and disaster prevention in river basin systems. It is difficult to forecast the SSY using conventional methods because these approaches cannot handle complicated non-stationarity and non-linearity. Artificial intelligence techniques have gained popularity in water resources due to handling complex problems of SSY. In this study, a fully automated generalized single hybrid intelligent artificial neural network (ANN)-based genetic algorithm (GA) forecasting model was developed using water discharge, temperature, rainfall, SSY, rock type, relief, and catchment area data of eleven gauging stations for forecasting the SSY. It is applied at individual gauging stations for SSY forecasting in the Mahanadi River which is one of India’s largest peninsular rivers. All parameters of the ANN are optimized automatically and simultaneously using the GA. The multi-objective algorithm was applied to optimize the two conflicting objective functions (error variance and bias). The mean square error objective function was considered for the single-objective optimization model. Single and multi-objective GA-based ANN, autoregressive and multivariate autoregressive models were compared to each other. It was found that the single-objective GA-based ANN model provided the best accuracy among all comparative models, and it is the most suitable substitute for forecasting SSY. If the measurement of SSY is unavailable, then single-objective GA-based ANN modeling approaches can be recommended for forecasting SSY due to comparatively superior performance and simplicity of implementation.

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Yadav, Arvind, Marwan Ali Albahar, Premkumar Chithaluru, Aman Singh, Abdullah Alammari, Gogulamudi Vijay Kumar und Yini Miro. „Hybridizing Artificial Intelligence Algorithms for Forecasting of Sediment Load with Multi-Objective Optimization“. Water 15, Nr. 3 (28.01.2023): 522. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15030522.

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Forecasting of sediment load (SL) is essential for reservoir operations, design of water resource structures, risk management, water resource planning and for preventing natural disasters in the river basin systems. Direct measurement of SL is difficult, labour intensive, and expensive. The development of an accurate and reliable model for forecasting the SL is required. Sediment transport is highly non-linear and is influenced by a variety of factors. Forecasting of the SL using various conventional methods is not highly accurate because of the association of various complex phenomena. In this study, major key factors such as rock type (RT), relief (R), rainfall (RF), water discharge (WD), temperature (T), catchment area (CA), and SL are recognized in developing the one-step-ahead SL forecasting model in the Mahanadi River (MR), which is among India’s largest rivers. Artificial neural networks (ANN) in conjunction with multi-objective genetic algorithm (ANN-MOGA)-based forecasting models were developed for forecasting the SL in the MR. The ANN-MOGA model was employed to optimize the two competing objective functions (bias and error variance) with simultaneous optimization of all associated ANN parameters. The performances of the proposed novel model were finally compared to other existing methods to verify the forecasting capability of the model. The ANN-MOGA model improved the performance by 12.81% and 10.19% compared to traditional AR and MAR regression models, respectively. The results suggested that hybrid ANN-MOGA models outperform traditional autoregressive and multivariate autoregressive forecasting models. Overall, hybrid ANN-MOGA intelligent techniques are recommended for the forecasting of SL in rivers because of their relatively better performance as compared to other existing models and simplicity of application.

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Ghosh, Dipanwita, Preeti Mangar, Abhinandan Choudhury, Anoop Kumar, Aniruddha Saha, Protip Basu und Dipanwita Saha. „Characterization of a hemolytic and antibiotic-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain S3 pathogenic to fish isolated from Mahananda River in India“. PLOS ONE 19, Nr. 3 (28.03.2024): e0300134. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0300134.

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Virulent strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from Mahananda River exhibited the highest hemolytic activity and virulence factors and was pathogenic to fish as clinical signs of hemorrhagic spots, loss of scales, and fin erosions were found. S3 was cytotoxic to the human liver cell line (WRL-68) in the trypan blue dye exclusion assay. Genotype characterization using whole genome analysis showed that S3 was similar to P. aeruginosa PAO1. The draft genome sequence had an estimated length of 62,69,783 bp, a GC content of 66.3%, and contained 5916 coding sequences. Eight genes across the genome were predicted to be related to hemolysin action. Antibiotic resistance genes such as class C and class D beta-lactamases, fosA, APH, and catB were detected, along with the strong presence of multiple efflux system genes. This study shows that river water is contaminated by pathogenic P. aeruginosa harboring an array of virulence and antibiotic resistance genes which warrants periodic monitoring to prevent disease outbreaks.

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Singh, S. S., und Ankita Singh. „Projection Modelling Based Geospatial Analysis of Land use Land Cover Change at Hasdeo River Watershed of Chhattisgarh, India“. Ecology, Environment and Conservation 29, Nr. 04 (2023): 1682–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.53550/eec.2023.v29i04.036.

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The land-use change in the Hasdeo River watershed has been observed with all its sub watersheds. The changing patterns may portend localized impairment to forest and agricultural sub watershed. In this study, Land-use land-cover (LULC) change was modeled using terrset modeling software. The Hasdeo river watershed (geographical extent of 10,396.373 km2 ) is a part of the Mahanadi River basin in Chhattisgarh, India. Hasdeo River originates from Sonhat (Koriya district, Chhattisgarh) and is submerged into the river Mahanadi. It flows in the stretch of 330 km from north to south direction. This river has eight subwatersheds with rich forest diversity and perennial water resources. IRS-1D & P6 LISS3 images from the years 2000 and 2013 were used to investigate the LULC pattern. This has been used for the prediction of LULC change patterns for the years 2035 and 2050 based on the Markov model. The result of the project LU/LC map for the year 2000-2035 and 2000-2050 show that the dense forest area will decrease by 12.30% and 15.68% respectively. The settlement area will significantly increase by 20.13% (2035) and 34.90% (2050) and will be the dominant land-use type in the watershed. It shows that population pressure will directly affect forest vegetation and agriculture activities. This study will be helpful for the effective sustainability approach for maintaining the proper LULC pattern of land-use change in the watershed. This changing pattern will also influence the farming pattern in the catchment area of the Hasdeo River watershed.

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Anonna, Tasnim Abdary, Zia Ahmed, Rafiul Alam, Md Masud Karim, Zhixiao Xie, Pankaj Kumar, Fei Zhang und Jesus Simal-Gandara. „Water Quality Assessment for Drinking and Irrigation Purposes in Mahananda River Basin of Bangladesh“. Earth Systems and Environment 6, Nr. 1 (28.11.2021): 87–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41748-021-00274-x.

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Naha, Shaini, Miguel Angel Rico-Ramirez und Rafael Rosolem. „Quantifying the impacts of land cover change on hydrological responses in the Mahanadi river basin in India“. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 25, Nr. 12 (16.12.2021): 6339–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-6339-2021.

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Abstract. The objective of this study is to assess the impacts of land cover change on the hydrological responses of the Mahanadi river basin, a large river basin in India. Commonly, such assessments are accomplished by using distributed hydrological models in conjunction with different land use scenarios. However, these models, through their complex interactions among the model parameters to generate hydrological processes, can introduce significant uncertainties to the hydrological projections. Therefore, we seek to further understand the uncertainties associated with model parameterization in those simulated hydrological responses due to different land cover scenarios. We performed a sensitivity-guided model calibration of a physically semi-distributed model, the Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) model, within a Monte Carlo framework to generate behavioural models that can yield equally good or acceptable model performances for subcatchments of the Mahanadi river basin. These behavioural models are then used in conjunction with historical and future land cover scenarios from the recently released Land-Use Harmonization version 2 (LUH2) dataset to generate hydrological predictions and related uncertainties from behavioural model parameterization. The LUH2 dataset indicates a noticeable increase in the cropland (23.3 % cover) at the expense of forest (22.65 % cover) by the end of year 2100 compared to the baseline year, 2005. As a response, simulation results indicate a median percent increase in the extreme flows (defined as the 95th percentile or higher river flow magnitude) and mean annual flows in the range of 1.8 % to 11.3 % across the subcatchments. The direct conversion of forested areas to agriculture (of the order of 30 000 km2) reduces the leaf area index, which subsequently reduces the evapotranspiration (ET) and increases surface runoff. Further, the range of behavioural hydrological predictions indicated variation in the magnitudes of extreme flows simulated for the different land cover scenarios; for instance, uncertainty in scenario labelled “Far Future” ranges from 17 to 210 m3 s−1 across subcatchments. This study indicates that the recurrent flood events occurring in the Mahanadi river basin might be influenced by the changes in land use/land cover (LULC) at the catchment scale and suggests that model parameterization represents an uncertainty which should be accounted for in the land use change impact assessment.

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MUKHERJEE, K., und N. Y. APTE. „Time distribution of design storm rainfall over various sub-catchments of river Mahanadi“. MAUSAM 41, Nr. 1 (22.02.2022): 89–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v41i1.2321.

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In estimation of design flood a basic parameter used is design storm. Design storm computation includes spatial and temporal distribution of rainfall .In the present study an attempt has been made to compare the values of time distribution of rainfall of different sub-catchments of the river Mahanadi with that of the entire catchment.

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Ray, S. B., M. Mohanti und B. L. K. Somayajulu. „Uranium Isotopes in the Mahanadi River-Estuarine System, India“. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 40, Nr. 6 (Juni 1995): 635–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/ecss.1995.0043.

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Das, Abhijeet. „A Comparative Assessment and Decision-Making Approach of Water Quality Evaluation of Mahanadi Basin, Odisha“. Materials Science Forum 1111 (22.12.2023): 159–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-rt64ke.

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The Mahanadi River is one of Odisha's biggest rivers and is vital to the region's ecosystem and economy. Rapid water use, however, causes significant water contamination. However, the primary goal of this study is to assess surface water using the Critic Water Quality Index (CWQI), with a goal of collecting 20 samples from 19 monitoring stations over the course of a year (2021-2022). Inverted Distance Weighted (IDW) in ArcGIS 10.5 was used to create the spatial distribution maps. Multi-criteria decision-making methods (MCDMs), such as MOORA, were developed to offer a reliable and impartial portrayal of the cumulative pollution levels of each sample location. The physicochemical results were categorized in accordance with WHO drinking water threshold levels. The range of the CWQI value for surface water quality, which represents the excellent to very poor categories, was determined to be 36 to 290.8. It demonstrates that 84.21% of samples fit into the best drinking groups. Using the MOORA-recommended assessment scores, the Paradeep (St. 9) was discovered to be the most polluting site in contrast to other places, followed by 2nd (Cuttack D/s) and 3rd (Choudwar D/s). The factors responsible of the decline in water quality at St. 8, 9 and 19, respectively, were found to be runoff from waste material, unprocessed effluents, and several other anthropogenic factors. The paper's detailed discussion of water quality methods can also give readers a general understanding of indexing for further study.

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Rajput, Preeti, und Manish Kumar Sinha. „Geospatial evaluation of drought resilience in sub-basins of Mahanadi river in India“. Water Supply 20, Nr. 7 (07.08.2020): 2826–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2020.178.

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Abstract Development is said to be sustainable in respect of drought if the effect has been absorbed by the existing system. Occurrence of drought depends on physiographical, climatic factors and optimum utilization of available resources of the river basin. This study aims to evaluate the vulnerability and resilience of river basin systems for the identification of priority areas under drought susceptibility for three different river basins, namely Arpa, Kharun and Upper Seonath of Mahanadi river in central India, as a pilot area for this study. The study represents an approach to evaluate the drought susceptibility of river basins based on physiographical factors and anthropogenic activities. A model proposed for vulnerability assessment based on variables of exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity, and a geospatial database of basin characteristics contributing to vulnerability, was generated using remote sensing and a geographic information system. Multi-criteria decision analysis was done to evaluate the influence of river basin characteristics, population load and land-use/cover on drought susceptibility for assessing the drought vulnerability of the river basin and suggest the solution for the optimum utilization of natural resources according to the river basin characteristics. The result of this study demarcates the area in four categories of Extremely vulnerable, Moderately vulnerable, Vulnerable and Not vulnerable. On the analysis, only 3.86% of Upper Seonath is Not vulnerable, followed by Kharun basin having 15.59% as Not vulnerable area and 48.23% of the area of Arpa river basin identified as Not vulnerable. Arpa river basin is least affected by drought due to its lower population density and high coverage of forest and agriculture area.

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Pandey, Rajendra P., Meena Desai und Rajnesh Panwar. „Hybrid deep learning model for flood frequency assessment and flood forecasting“. Multidisciplinary Science Journal 5 (18.08.2023): 2023ss0204. http://dx.doi.org/10.31893/multiscience.2023ss0204.

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The most common and persistent natural hazard to people across the globe is flooding. The frequency of floods in a given place is defined as the likelihood and intensity of floods occurring there within a certain period. Examining historical flood data and using techniques are often used to determine the likelihood that a flood of a certain size would occur in a specific location. The method of flood prediction involves making forecasts on the frequency and severity of flooding. It may be influenced by a number of factors, including the topography, river flow, soil moisture content, and the period of rainfall. In this research, we provide a novel Cat Swarm Optimized Spatial Adversarial Network (CSO-SAN) technique for predicting and assessing flood frequency. This technique simulates the yearly greatest flow at the river Mahanadi measurement sites at Andhiyarkore, Bamanidhi, Baronda, and Kurubhatta over 60 years. The CSO-SAN model is adapted for the flood forecasting component to predict the frequency and size of future floods. The model incorporates real-time data from various sources, such as meteorological predictions and information on river flow, to anticipate the probability and severity of upcoming floods. Compared to other conventional statistical techniques and forecasting models, the CSO-SAN model outperformed them in tests conducted on the Mahanadi river basins. The model offers a viable method for improving the precision of flood frequency evaluation and flood forecasting, with significant advantages for managing and reducing flood risk.

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Chandran, Rejani, Sangeeta Mandal, Trivesh ., Suresh Mayekar, Amit Singh Bisht, Sanjay ., Kumar Singh und Lalit Kumar Tyagi. „Fish diversity and habitat ecology of Tel River, a tributary of Mahanadi River“. Journal of the Inland Fisheries Society of India 54, Nr. 1 (01.06.2022): 3–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.47780/jifsi.54.1.2022.132366.

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Kumar, Arvind, İkbal Agah İnce, Ahmet Katı und Ranadhir Chakraborty. „Brevibacterium siliguriense sp. nov., a facultatively oligotrophic bacterium isolated from river water“. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 63, Pt_2 (01.02.2013): 511–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.038281-0.

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A Gram-positive-staining, rod-shaped, facultatively oligotrophic bacterial strain, designated MB18T, was isolated from a water sample collected from the River Mahananda at Siliguri (26° 44′ 23.20′ N, 88° 25′ 22.89′ E), West-Bengal, India. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, the closest relative of this strain was Brevibacterium epidermidis NCDO 2286T (96 % similarity). The DNA G+C content of strain MB18T was 64.6 mol%. Chemotaxonomic data [MK-8(H2) as the major menaquinone, galactose as the sole cell-wall sugar, meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic cell-wall diamino acid, phosphatidylglycerol and diphosphatidylglycerol as constituents of the polar lipids, anteiso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0 and iso-C15 : 0 as the major fatty acids] supported the affiliation of strain MB18T to the genus Brevibacterium . The results of DNA G+C content, 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and biochemical and physiological analyses allowed genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of strain MB18T from its nearest neighbour B. epidermidis . The isolate therefore represents a novel species, for which the name Brevibacterium siliguriense sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is MB18T ( = DSM 23676T = LMG 25772T).

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Kumar, Anil, und R. P. S. Chhonkar. „Flood inundation mapping in a part of Mahanadi river basin“. Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing 17, Nr. 1 (März 1989): 13–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02995960.

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Chakrapani, G. J., und V. Subramanian. „Factors controlling sediment discharge in the Mahanadi River Basin, India“. Journal of Hydrology 117, Nr. 1-4 (September 1990): 169–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(90)90091-b.

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Chavan, Sagar Rohidas, und V. V. Srinivas. „Probable Maximum Precipitation Estimation for Catchments in Mahanadi River Basin“. Aquatic Procedia 4 (2015): 892–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aqpro.2015.02.112.

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Sarkar, Subhajit, Kashmiri Begum und Sunil Kumar De. „Impact of Sediment Quarrying on the Channel Morphology of the Upper Mahananda River, West Bengal, India“. Annals of the National Association of Geographers India 42, Nr. 2 (06.12.2022): 213–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.32381/atnagi.2022.42.02.1.

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Mandal, Mamun, und Abhijit Sarkar. „Bacterial Community Structure in Informal Solid Waste Dumping Site of Mahananda River Bank, West Bengal, India“. Agrica 12, suppl (2023): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2394-448x.2023.00056.1.

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Tripathy, Biplab, und Tanmoy Mondal. „Socioeconomic Challenges faced by Basin’s People in India“. Think India 22, Nr. 2 (31.10.2019): 296–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.26643/think-india.v22i2.8730.

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India is a subcontinent, there huge no of people lived in river basin area. In India there more or less 80% of people directly or indirectly depend on River. Ganga, Brahamputra in North and North East and Mahanadi, Govabori, Krishna, Kaveri, Narmoda, Tapti, Mahi in South are the major river basin in India. There each year due to flood and high tide lots of people are suffered in river basin region in India. These problems destroy the socio economic peace and hope of the people in river basin. There peoples are continuously suffered by lots of difficulties in sort or in long term basis. Few basin regions are always in high alert at the time of monsoon seasons. Sometime due to over migration from basin area, it becomes empty and creates an ultimate loss of resources in India and causes a dis-balance situation in this area.

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Jha, Pankaj Kumar. „State, Floods and Politics of Knowledge: A Case of the Mahananda Basin of Bihar“. Studies in Indian Politics 9, Nr. 1 (08.04.2021): 91–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2321023021999177.

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This article identifies two main perspectives on flood control: the traditional and the modern hydrological. The objective here is to look at the contest between them from the point of view of the politics of knowledge. The traditional perspective views floods as a part of life and focuses on people’s wisdom or local knowledge of flood control. The hydrological approach, on the other hand, is mostly concerned with taming a river and views floods as a disaster that ought to be controlled and possibly eliminated. This perspective dominates the policy of the post-colonial state in India. There are five vantage points, such as historical context, state policy, political economy, collective action and epistemology, to understand the politics of knowledge around floods. In the first section, through history we discuss the transition from the colonial to post-colonial India on the issues of floods, dams and embankments. The second section of this article describes the flood policy and politics around it, from Patna Flood Conference (1937) to Disaster Management Act, 2005. In Political Economy section the article explores the link between land-holdings, tenancy and floods and also observes how agriculture has changed due to floods. The fourth section, Forms of Collective Action, explores the politics of collective action. Epistemology section presents the debate of lokvidyavs versus rajyavidya or living with floods versus hydrological knowledge.

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Kar, Tuhinansu, Himanshu Shekhar Palei und Subrat Debata. „Breeding reports and conservation implications of the Endangered Black-bellied Tern Sterna acuticauda J.E. Gray, 1831 (Aves: Charadriiformes: Laridae) in Odisha, eastern India“. Journal of Threatened Taxa 10, Nr. 13 (26.11.2018): 12840–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.4106.10.13.12840-12843.

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The Black-bellied Tern is an endangered species and its population is declining severely due to the loss and degradation of its foraging and breeding habitats because of increasing anthropogenic activities. We report the breeding of Black-bellied Tern from different localities along the Mahanadi River in Odisha, eastern India. We recommend the protection and conservation of its breeding sites along with regular community outreach activities for the long-term conservation of this globally threatened species.

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Galib, Shams Muhammad, Md Abdur Rashid, Nipa Chaki, ABM Mohsin und Md Abdur Razzaq Joadder. „Seasonal variation and community structure of fishes in the Mahananda River with special reference to conservation issues“. Journal of Fisheries 4, Nr. 1 (03.03.2016): 325. http://dx.doi.org/10.17017/jfish.v4i1.2016.139.

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This study was carried out in the Mahananda River from January to December 2013 with a view to determining the seasonal variation and community structure of fishes along with some conservation issues. Monthly sampling was carried out using traditional fishing gears and fishes were identified based on morphometric and meristic characters. A total of 4082 individuals of native fish species were captured, analyzed and classified into 62 species belonging to 46 genera, 25 families and 9 orders. Cypriniformes and Siluriformes were the dominant fish orders represented by 19 species each and the most abundant family was Cyprinidae (14 species). In addition to indigenous individuals, 9 individuals of 2 exotic fish species (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Pangasius hypophthalmus) were also recorded. Among three sampling sites, S-1 was the most diversified in terms of not only the number of individual fish but also the number of species present represented by mean (±SE) individuals of 151.50±25.22 and species of 25.58±3.91. Three distinct fish groups of fish families were revealed from the cluster analysis of similarity. To improve the situation, control of illegal fishing gears, establishment of sanctuaries and legal protection for threatened species are recommended.

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Galib, Shams Muhammad, Md Abdur Rashid, Nipa Chaki, A. B. M. Mohsin und Md Abdur Razzaq Joadder. „Seasonal variation and community structure of fishes in the Mahananda River with special reference to conservation issues“. Journal of Fisheries 4, Nr. 1 (03.03.2016): 325–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17017/j.fish.110.

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This study was carried out in the Mahananda River from January to December 2013 with a view to determining the seasonal variation and community structure of fishes along with some conservation issues. Monthly sampling was carried out using traditional fishing gears and fishes were identified based on morphometric and meristic characters. A total of 4082 individuals of native fish species were captured, analyzed and classified into 62 species belonging to 46 genera, 25 families and 9 orders. Cypriniformes and Siluriformes were the dominant fish orders represented by 19 species each and the most abundant family was Cyprinidae (14 species). In addition to indigenous individuals, 9 individuals of 2 exotic fish species (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Pangasius hypophthalmus) were also recorded. Among three sampling sites, S-1 was the most diversified in terms of not only the number of individual fish but also the number of species present represented by mean (±SE) individuals of 151.50±25.22 and species of 25.58±3.91. Three distinct fish groups of fish families were revealed from the cluster analysis of similarity. To improve the situation, control of illegal fishing gears, establishment of sanctuaries and legal protection for threatened species are recommended.

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Chakraborty, Ranadhir, Arvind Kumar, Suparna Saha Bhowal, Amit Kumar Mandal, Bipransh Kumar Tiwary und Shriparna Mukherjee. „Diverse Gene Cassettes in Class 1 Integrons of Facultative Oligotrophic Bacteria of River Mahananda, West Bengal, India“. PLoS ONE 8, Nr. 8 (09.08.2013): e71753. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0071753.

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