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Thematische Bibliographien / Locking differentials / Zeitschriftenartikel

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema „Locking differentials“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 28. Juni 2021

Zuletzt aktualisiert am 17. Februar 2022

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1

Truta, Marian, Marin Marinescu, Radu Vilau, Octavian Alexa und Constantin Ovidiu Ilie. „Self-Generated Torque Induced by the Lockable and Self-Locking Differentials within the 4WD Drivetrain“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 659 (Oktober 2014): 268–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.659.268.

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This work is dealing with the self-generated torque that occurs within a 4WD military special automotive drivetrain. The mathematical model stated in this paper is confirmed by the means of multiple tests developed in real conditions. The tests were developed in order to reveal both transversal and longitudinal self-generated torque within the drivetrain, on different road surfaces. The present paper also introduces some new concepts, such is for instance the insensitive domain of a self-locking (or a progressively locking) differential. With the aid of this concept we can easier deal with the self-generated torque that is due to the increased internal friction of the differential. Moreover, a general, comprehensive theory can be further issued that could classify the self-locking differentials according to their internal friction and their locking coefficient variation.

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2

Anchukov, V. V., und A. S. Alyukov. „SIMULATION OF AUTOMATIC CONTROL SYSTEM OF DIFFERENTIALS LOCKING OF HEAVY TRUCKS“. Bulletin of the South Ural State University series "Mechanical Engineering Industry" 18, Nr. 3 (2018): 68–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.14529/engin180308.

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3

Azad, N. L., A. Khajepour und J. McPhee. „Effects of locking differentials on the snaking behaviour of articulated steer vehicles“. International Journal of Vehicle Systems Modelling and Testing 2, Nr. 2 (2007): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijvsmt.2007.013890.

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4

Kučera, Pavel, und Václav Píštěk. „Prototyping a System for Truck Differential Lock Control“. Sensors 19, Nr. 16 (20.08.2019): 3619. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19163619.

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The article deals with the development of a mechatronic system for locking vehicle differentials. An important benefit of this system is that it prevents the jamming of the vehicle in difficult adhesion conditions. The system recognizes such a situation much sooner than the driver and is able to respond immediately, ensuring smooth driving in off-road or snowy conditions. This article describes the control algorithm of this mechatronic system, which is designed for firefighting, military, or civilian vehicles with a drivetrain configuration of up to 10 × 10, and also explains the input signal processing and the control of actuators. The main part of this article concerns prototype testing on a vehicle. The results are an evaluation of one of the many experiments and monitor the proper function of the developed mechatronic system.

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5

Kyle, Bob, Andrew Edler, John Grogg und Michael Zimpfer. „Electronic Locking Differential for Better Traction“. ATZ worldwide 119, Nr. 4 (15.03.2017): 48–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s38311-017-0011-6.

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6

Yang, Lichuan, und George D. Pollak. „Differential Response Properties to Amplitude Modulated Signals in the Dorsal Nucleus of the Lateral Lemniscus of the Mustache Bat and the Roles of GABAergic Inhibition“. Journal of Neurophysiology 77, Nr. 1 (01.01.1997): 324–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1997.77.1.324.

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Yang, Lichuan and George D. Pollak. Differential response properties to amplitude modulated signals in the dorsal nucleus of the lateral lemniscus of the mustache bat and the roles of GABAergic inhibition. J. Neurophysiol. 77: 324–340, 1997. We studied the phase-locking of 89 neurons in the dorsal nucleus of the lateral lemniscus (DNLL) of the mustache bat to sinusoidally amplitude modulated (SAM) signals and the influence that GABAergic inhibition had on their response properties. Response properties were determined with tone bursts at each neuron's best frequency and then with a series of SAM signals that had modulation frequencies ranging from 50–100 to 800 Hz in 100-Hz steps. DNLL neurons were divided into two principal types: sustained neurons (55%), which responded throughout the duration of the tone burst, and onset neurons (45%), which responded only at the beginning of the tone burst. Sustained and onset neurons responded differently to SAM signals. Sustained neurons responded with phase-locked discharges to modulation frequencies ≤400–800 Hz. In contrast, 70% of the onset neurons phase-locked only to low modulation frequencies of 100–300 Hz, whereas 30% of the onset neurons did not phase-lock to any modulation frequency. Signal intensity differentially affected the phase-locking of sustained and onset neurons. Sustained neurons exhibited tight phase-locking only at low intensities, 10–30 dB above threshold. Onset neurons, in contrast, maintained strong phase-locking even at relatively high intensities. Blocking GABAergic inhibition with bicuculline had different effects on the phase-locking of sustained and onset neurons. In sustained neurons, there was an overall decline in phase-locking at all modulation frequencies. In contrast, 70% of the onset neurons phase-locked to much higher modulation frequencies than they did when inhibition was intact. The other 30% of onset neurons phase-locked to SAM signals, although they fired only with an onset response to the same signals before inhibition was blocked. In both cases, blocking GABAergic inhibition transformed their responses to SAM signals into patterns that were more like those of sustained neurons. We also propose mechanisms that could explain the differential effects of GABAergic inhibition on onset neurons that locked to low modulation frequencies and on onset neurons that did not lock to any SAM signals before inhibition was blocked. The key features of the proposed mechanisms are the absolute latencies and temporal synchrony of the excitatory and inhibitory inputs.

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7

Imaki, Masaharu, Ryota Kojima und Shumpei Kameyama. „Development of wavelength locking circuit for 1.53 micron water vapor monitoring coherent differential absorption LIDAR“. EPJ Web of Conferences 176 (2018): 05039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201817605039.

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We have studied a ground based coherent differential absorption LIDAR (DIAL) for vertical profiling of water vapor density using a 1.5μm laser wavelength. A coherent LIDAR has an advantage in daytime measurement compared with incoherent LIDAR because the influence of background light is greatly suppressed. In addition, the LIDAR can simultaneously measure wind speed and water vapor density. We had developed a wavelength locking circuit using the phase modulation technique and offset locking technique, and wavelength stabilities of 0.123 pm which corresponds to 16 MHz are realized. In this paper, we report the wavelength locking circuits for the 1.5 um wavelength.

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8

Cai, Yu Zhan, Jian Hua Wang, Wen Long Dong und Zuo Fei Liu. „Research on Effect of Locking Ratio of Limit-Slip Differential on Handling Stability of FSAE Racing Car“. Advanced Materials Research 988 (Juli 2014): 582–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.988.582.

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A nonlinear four-wheel dynamics vehicle model which includes a limit-slip differential model based on FSAE racecar is established and the typical conditions are designed according to track requirement. The effect of different locking ratio on vehicle handling stability has been researched .The simulation results shows that: with the increase of locking ratio, the steering radius ratio increase, both peak lateral acceleration and yaw angular velocity reduce, and the changing trend of value is flat. But the average acceleration increase with the locking ratio until the latter reach a specific value under the condition of Slaloms.

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9

Suman, Shruti, K. G. Sharma und P. K. Ghosh. „250 MHz Multiphase Delay Locked Loop for Low Power Applications“. International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 7, Nr. 6 (01.12.2017): 3323. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v7i6.pp3323-3331.

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Delay locked loop is a critical building block of high speed synchronous circuits. An improved architecture of amixed signaldelay locked loop (DLL) is presented here. In this DLL, delay cell based on single ended differential pair configuration is used for voltage controlled delay line (VCDL) implementation. This delay cell provides a high locking range with less phase noise and jitter due to differential pair configuration.For increasing the acquisition range and locking speed of the DLL, modified true single phase clock (TSPC) based phase frequency detector is used. The proposed design is implemented at 0.18 <em>um </em>CMOS technology and at power supply of 1.8<em>V </em>. It has power consumption of 1.39 <em>mW </em>at 125 <em>MHz</em> center frequency with locking range from 0.5 <em>MHz</em> to 250 <em>MHz.</em>

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Pittman-Polletta, Benjamin R., Yangyang Wang, David A. Stanley, Charles E. Schroeder, Miles A. Whittington und Nancy J. Kopell. „Differential contributions of synaptic and intrinsic inhibitory currents to speech segmentation via flexible phase-locking in neural oscillators“. PLOS Computational Biology 17, Nr. 4 (14.04.2021): e1008783. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008783.

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Current hypotheses suggest that speech segmentation—the initial division and grouping of the speech stream into candidate phrases, syllables, and phonemes for further linguistic processing—is executed by a hierarchy of oscillators in auditory cortex. Theta (∼3-12 Hz) rhythms play a key role by phase-locking to recurring acoustic features marking syllable boundaries. Reliable synchronization to quasi-rhythmic inputs, whose variable frequency can dip below cortical theta frequencies (down to ∼1 Hz), requires “flexible” theta oscillators whose underlying neuronal mechanisms remain unknown. Using biophysical computational models, we found that the flexibility of phase-locking in neural oscillators depended on the types of hyperpolarizing currents that paced them. Simulated cortical theta oscillators flexibly phase-locked to slow inputs when these inputs caused both (i) spiking and (ii) the subsequent buildup of outward current sufficient to delay further spiking until the next input. The greatest flexibility in phase-locking arose from a synergistic interaction between intrinsic currents that was not replicated by synaptic currents at similar timescales. Flexibility in phase-locking enabled improved entrainment to speech input, optimal at mid-vocalic channels, which in turn supported syllabic-timescale segmentation through identification of vocalic nuclei. Our results suggest that synaptic and intrinsic inhibition contribute to frequency-restricted and -flexible phase-locking in neural oscillators, respectively. Their differential deployment may enable neural oscillators to play diverse roles, from reliable internal clocking to adaptive segmentation of quasi-regular sensory inputs like speech.

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11

Svetec, Milan, und Mitja Slavinec. „Nematic Liquid Crystal Locking Menisci“. Advances in Condensed Matter Physics 2013 (2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/756902.

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We study meniscus driven locking of point defects of nematic liquid crystals confined within a cylindrical tube with free ends. Curvilinear coordinate system is introduced in order to focus on the phenomena of both (convex and concave) types of menisci. Frank's description in terms of the nematic director field is used. The resulting Euler-Lagrange differential equation is solved numerically. We determine conditions for the defects to be trapped by the meniscus.

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12

Xu, Jing Nan, Xiao Cong He, Yong Tang, Yan Fang Ding, Yue Bo Hu und Kai Zeng. „Microstructure and Mechanical Properties Analysis of AL-5052 Self-Pierce Riveting Joint in Material Application Engineering“. Advanced Materials Research 625 (Dezember 2012): 173–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.625.173.

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As one of the most important technology of Lightweight of Automobile, Self-pierce riveting (SPR) is suitable for joining similar or dissimilar sheet materials. In this paper, the process of the SPR was introduced, the test specimen was prepared by using electrolysis and anodized coated, and the microstructure of the joint is observed by the differential interference contrast method (DIC). According to the distribution of the grain size, the section of the joint could be divided into five areas, un-deformed matrix, upper plate self-locking area, lower plate self-locking area, upper plate transition area, and lower plate transition area. From transition area to matrix the grain deformation and hardness decreases gradually, and the maximum hardness of the joint was founded in the upper plate self-locking area.

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13

Recke, L. „Forced Frequency Locking for Differential Equations with Distributional Forcings“. Ukrainian Mathematical Journal 70, Nr. 1 (Juni 2018): 124–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11253-018-1491-2.

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14

Oh, Kwang-Il, Goo-Han Ko, Gwang-Sub Kim, Jeong-Geun Kim und Donghyun Baek. „A 17.8–34.8 GHz (64.6%) Locking Range Current-Reuse Injection-Locked Frequency Multiplier with Dual Injection Technique“. Electronics 10, Nr. 9 (10.05.2021): 1122. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10091122.

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A 17.8–34.8 GHz (64.6%) locking range current-reuse injection-locked frequency multiplier (CR-ILFM) with dual injection technique is presented in this paper. A dual injection technique is applied to generate differential signal and increase the power of the second-order harmonic component. The CR core is proposed to reduce the power consumption and compatibility with NMOS and PMOS injectors. The inductor-capacitor (LC) tank of the proposed CR-ILFM is designed with a fourth-order resonator using a transformer with distributed inductor to extend the locking range. The self-oscillated frequency of the proposed CR-ILFM is 23.82 GHz. The output frequency locking range is 17.8–34.8 GHz (64.6%) at a 0-dBm injection power without any additional control including supply voltage, varactor, and capacitor bank. The power consumption of the proposed CR-ILFM is 7.48 mW from a 1-V supply voltage and the die size is 0.75 mm × 0.45 mm. The CR-ILFM is implemented in a 65-nm CMOS technology.

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15

Zhang, Jing Bo, Shu Fang Zhang, Qin Hu, Yi Jiang und Xiao Wen Sun. „A Novel GNSS Carrier Tracking Loop Design Based on Fuzzy Logical Control“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 130-134 (Oktober 2011): 3451–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.130-134.3451.

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A differential phase error detector is inserted in the carrier loop structure for improving the dynamic performance of the loop in GNSS receiver in this paper. It is used to detect the abnormal phase jitter and amplify the adjusting increment for fast tracking. In order to avoid the differential detector amplifying noise interference in locking, fuzzy logical theory is introduced into the loop to control the amplification caused by the differential detector. Finally simulations show that the proposed design achieves high dynamic performance with effectively speeding up the tracking and widening the dynamic stress range.

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16

Oh, Joo Young, Kun Woo Kim, Jung Woo Cho, Ki Hun Lee und Yeong Sik Jeong. „Influence of Design Parameters of Differential Locking Device for Tractors“. Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering 34, Nr. 6 (01.06.2017): 391–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.7736/kspe.2017.34.6.391.

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17

Keller, A. V., V. A. Gorelov und V. V. Anchukov. „Modeling Truck Driveline Dynamic Loads at Differential Locking Unit Engagement“. Procedia Engineering 129 (2015): 280–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2015.12.063.

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18

Liu, Hao, Tao Chen, Rong Shu, Guanglie Hong, Long Zheng, Ye Ge und Yihua Hu. „Wavelength-locking-free 157µm differential absorption lidar for CO_2 sensing“. Optics Express 22, Nr. 22 (31.10.2014): 27675. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.22.027675.

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19

Chien-Feng Lee, Sheng-Lyang Jang und M. H. Juang. „A Wide Locking Range Differential Colpitts Injection Locked Frequency Divider“. IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters 17, Nr. 11 (November 2007): 790–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lmwc.2007.908055.

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20

YAMADA, hironao, yoshikazu SUEMATSU, Hideaki KODERA und Takayoshi MUTO. „Differential PWM Control of Hydraulic Actuator System with Locking Mechanism.“ Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series C 57, Nr. 541 (1991): 2900–2906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaic.57.2900.

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21

Yu, Xiu Yi, Liang Hou, Pi Jing Liu und Wen Guang Lin. „The Design and Performance Analysis of Friction Disk Type Limited Slip Differential“. Advanced Materials Research 422 (Dezember 2011): 570–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.422.570.

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Aiming at the ability to adapt to different road conditions of limited-slip differential(LSD) in drive axle, by building the without preloading friction disk type limited slip differential mechanical model, We derive the theoretical formula of the locking differential coefficient of the theoretical formula of limited slip differential without preload friction disk from mathematical theory derivation, and fitted theoretical curves, Which can be used as reference for further studies on other limited slip differential. Experimental verification was applied to the designed drive axle, experimental results shows that, the actual performance parameters of each drive axle design values consistent with the theory, to prove the correctness of the theoretical derivation, proved the correctness of theoretical analysis.

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22

Herrmann, Christoph S., Daniel Senkowski und Stefan Röttger. „Phase-Locking and Amplitude Modulations of EEG Alpha:“. Experimental Psychology 51, Nr. 4 (Januar 2004): 311–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169.51.4.311.

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Abstract. It has been demonstrated in numerous experiments that oscillatory EEG responses in the alpha frequency band (8-12 Hz) increase with memory load during the retention interval in working memory tasks. However, the findings diverge with respect to which measurement of alpha activity is influenced by memory processes. Here, we differentiate between evoked and total alpha activity in order to separate effects of phase-locking and amplitude modulation. We present data from a delayed-matching-to-sample task (S1-S2 paradigm) for which we compared EEG alpha responses between a perception and a memory condition. Increased total alpha activity was found in the retention interval for the memory as compared to the perception condition. Evoked alpha activity, however, did not differentiate between memory and perception conditions but, instead, was increased for the more complex condition of processing non-Kanizsa figures as compared to Kanizsa figures. Thus, our results demonstrate a functional differentiation between evoked and total alpha activity. While alpha phase locking seemed to be influenced mainly by task complexity, alpha amplitude clearly reflected memory demands in our paradigm.

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23

Zhao, J., M. S. Cheung und S. F. Ng. „Spline Kantorovich method and analysis of general slab bridge deck“. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 25, Nr. 5 (01.10.1998): 935–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l98-030.

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In this paper, the spline Kantorovich method is developed and applied to the analysis and design of bridge decks. First, the bridge deck is mapped into a unit square in the Xi - eta plane. The governing partial differential equation of the plate is reduced to the ordinary differential equation in the longitudinal direction of the bridge by the routine Kantorovich method. Spline point collocation method is then used to solve the derived ordinary differential equation to obtain the displacements and internal forces of the bridge deck. Mindlin plate theory is incorporated into the differential equation and, as a result, the effect of shear deformation of the plate is also considered. Possible shear locking is avoided by the reduced integration technique. Numerical examples show that the proposed new numerical model is versatile, efficient, and reliable.Key words: Kantorovich method, spline function, partial differential equations, ordinary differential equations, point collocation method, bridge deck.

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24

Zhang, Xiao Bao, Hong Xia Shi, Ning Liu und Xian Jiang Zhou. „Simulation Study on CMM Measuring Path Based on the CAD Models of Bevel Gear“. Advanced Materials Research 591-593 (November 2012): 615–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.591-593.615.

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As an important part in sliding-limiting differential, the variable ratio noncircular bevel gears can increase the locking factor of the bevel gear differential and improve the vehicles’ off-road capability in transit. At present, this differential has become a study hotspot that many researchers are working over because of its compact structure, cheap cost, good assembly and perdurable capability. In order to get the bevel gear’s processing accuracy, this paper introduced the generating process of the bevel gear’s CMM measuring path, probed the similarity in motion between spherical cutter’s CNC machining and CMM measuring, and then simulated and analyzed the bevel gear’s CMM measuring path by power mill in use of NC authentication method, which provided a reference for the choice of complex surfaces’ measuring methods.

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Zaliapin, I., und M. Ghil. „A delay differential model of ENSO variability – Part 2: Phase locking, multiple solutions and dynamics of extrema“. Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics 17, Nr. 2 (22.03.2010): 123–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/npg-17-123-2010.

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Abstract. We consider a highly idealized model for El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) variability, as introduced in an earlier paper. The model is governed by a delay differential equation for sea-surface temperature T in the Tropical Pacific, and it combines two key mechanisms that participate in ENSO dynamics: delayed negative feedback and seasonal forcing. We perform a theoretical and numerical study of the model in the three-dimensional space of its physically relevant parameters: propagation period τ of oceanic waves across the Tropical Pacific, atmosphere-ocean coupling κ, and strength of seasonal forcing b. Phase locking of model solutions to the periodic forcing is prevalent: the local maxima and minima of the solutions tend to occur at the same position within the seasonal cycle. Such phase locking is a key feature of the observed El Niño (warm) and La Niña (cold) events. The phasing of the extrema within the seasonal cycle depends sensitively on model parameters when forcing is weak. We also study co-existence of multiple solutions for fixed model parameters and describe the basins of attraction of the stable solutions in a one-dimensional space of constant initial model histories.

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Gong, Wei, Ge Han, Xin Ma und Hong Lin. „Multi-points scanning method for wavelength locking in CO2 differential absorption lidar“. Optics Communications 305 (September 2013): 180–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2013.05.006.

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27

Zhang, Yonggui, Lishuang Feng, Hui Li, Hongchen Jiao, Ning Liu und Chunqi Zhang. „Resonant fiber optic gyroscope with three-frequency differential detection by sideband locking“. Optics Express 28, Nr. 6 (09.03.2020): 8423. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.384636.

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28

Aoki, Makoto, und Hironori Iwai. „Dual-wavelength locking technique for coherent 2-µm differential absorption lidar applications“. Applied Optics 60, Nr. 14 (10.05.2021): 4259. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.423234.

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29

Moroz, Irene M., Leonard A. Smith und Raymond Hide. „Synchronized Chaos in Coupled Double Disk Homopolar Dynamos“. International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 08, Nr. 11 (November 1998): 2125–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127498001753.

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Symmetrically coupled systems of N self-exciting Faraday disk homopolar dynamos have been proposed by Hide [1997] as a testbed for both the analytical and numerical study of the dynamics of coupled dynamo systems. There arises a natural hierarchy of systems, consisting of a series of N single disk dynamos, each in series with a motor [Hide et al., 1996]. Synchronization in the dynamics of these systems is investigated. The transition from the special case of strict amplitude and linear phase locking to the case of more general synchronization is examined. The particular case of two magnetically coupled homopolar dynamos with dissimilar characteristics is considered; the behavior of this N = 2 case is governed by six-coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations which contain a total of thirteen dimensionless parameters. It is proved that for sufficiently small perturbations, the states of each of the two component dynamos are locked together. Numerical results suggest that this locking extends to finite perturbations, the state of one system being a linear function of the state of the other. As the size of the perturbation increases, this strict phase locking is lost, yet the complicated chaotic trajectories of each dynamo appear to remain strictly synchronized. This paper is therefore the result of a previous study of coupled dynamos [Moroz et al., 1998] in which no more than five of the parameters were assumed to be independent.

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Suganuma, Jun, Tadashi Sugiki und Yutaka Inoue. „A Case of Bilateral Permanent Subluxation of the Lateral Meniscus“. Case Reports in Orthopedics 2016 (2016): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5912841.

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We report a case of bilateral, permanent subluxation of the lateral meniscus. To our knowledge, the present case is the first reported description of bilateral irreducible anterior dislocation of the posterior segment of the lateral meniscus. This disorder is characterized by a flipped meniscus sign of the lateral meniscus on sagittal magnetic resonance images of the knee joint, with no history of trauma or locking symptoms. A detailed examination of serial magnetic resonance images of the lateral meniscus can help differentiate this condition from malformation of the lateral meniscus, that is, a double-layered meniscus. We recommend two-stage treatment for this disorder. First, the knee joint is kept in straight position for 3 weeks after the lateral meniscus is reduced to the normal position. Second, if subluxation of the lateral meniscus recurs, meniscocapsular suture is then performed. Although subluxation of the lateral meniscus without locking symptoms is rare, it is important to be familiar with this condition to diagnose and treat it correctly.

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Jang, Sheng‐Lyang, Chih‐Yuan Lin und Miin‐Horng Juang. „Enhanced locking range technique for divide‐by‐3 differential injection‐locked frequency divider“. Electronics Letters 51, Nr. 6 (März 2015): 456–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el.2014.4009.

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32

Awaji, Yoshinari, Toshiaki Kuri, Wataru Chujo, Mitsuru Naganuma und Ken-ichi Kitayama. „Differential-phase-to-intensity conversion based on injection locking of a semiconductor laser“. Optics Letters 26, Nr. 20 (15.10.2001): 1538. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.26.001538.

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33

Ghassemi, A., A. Shahidi und M. Farzin. „A New Method for Analysing Large Elasto-Plastic Deformations of a Thin Cosserat Shell“. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 224, Nr. 10 (22.04.2010): 2055–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544062jmes1930.

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One of the best approaches for modelling the large deformation of shells is the Cosserat surface; however, the finite-element implementation of this model suffers from membrane and shear locking, especially for very thin shells. If the director vector is constrained to remain perpendicular to the mid-surface, during deformation, locking will be prevented. This constraint is in fact a limiting analysis of the Cosserat theory in which Kirchhoff's hypothesis is enforced. This has been considered for the first time. Simo's plastic approach is modified to implement the constrained director. This model includes both kinematic and isotropic hardening behaviours. A consistent elasto-plastic tangent modular matrix is extracted. Numerical solution is performed by interpolation of displacement on the whole domain, and a hierarchical finite-element scheme is developed. The principle of virtual work is used to obtain the weak form of the governing differential equations and the material and geometric stiffness matrices are derived through a linearization process. The validity and the accuracy of the method are illustrated by numerical examples.

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CUI, X. Y., G. R. LIU und G. Y. LI. „ANALYSIS OF MINDLIN–REISSNER PLATES USING CELL-BASED SMOOTHED RADIAL POINT INTERPOLATION METHOD“. International Journal of Applied Mechanics 02, Nr. 03 (September 2010): 653–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1758825110000706.

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In this paper, a formulation for the static and free vibration analysis of Mindlin–Reissner plates is proposed using the cell-based smoothed radial point interpolation method (CS-RPIM) with sub-domain smoothing operations. The radial basis functions augmented with polynomial basis are employed to construct the shape functions that have the Delta function property. The generalized smoothed Galerkin (GS-Galerkin) weakform is adopted to discretize the governing differential equations, and the curvature smoothing is performed to relax the continuity requirement and to improve the accuracy and the rate of convergence of the solution. The present CS-RPIM formulation is based on the first-order shear deformation plate theory, with effective treatment for shear-locking and hence is applicable to both thin and relatively thick plates. To verify the accuracy and stability of the present formulation, intensive comparison studies are conducted with existing results available in the literature and good agreements are obtained. The numerical examples confirm that the present method is shear-locking free and very stable and accurate even using extremely distributed nodes.

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PLANAT, M., und P. KOCH. „PLURIFRACTAL SIGNATURE IN THE STUDY OF RESONANCES OF DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS“. Fractals 01, Nr. 03 (September 1993): 727–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218348x93000769.

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This paper deals with the numerical investigation of the resonant zones of dynamical equations. Starting from the continuous differential model, the section of trajectories is obtained using resonant principles. Several techniques have been developed for measuring the stability of windings: the Liouville exponent γ of the Kolmogorov-Arnold-Moser theory; the Lipschitz-Hölder exponent α introduced by Mandelbrot; and a frequency locking exponent β that is related to Fourier spectra. These techniques are implemented on typical models and some original results concerning the fractal structure of resonant regions are emphasized.

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Balodi, Deepak, und Rahul Misra. „Low Power Differential and Ring Voltage Controlled Oscillator Architectures for High Frequency (L-Band) Phase Lock Loop Applications in 0.35 Complementary Metal Oxide Semi Conductor Process“. SAMRIDDHI : A Journal of Physical Sciences, Engineering and Technology 11, Nr. 01 (25.07.2019): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.18090/samriddhi.v11i01.9.

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The design of a high frequency (L Band), low power (2.75mW) Phase Lock Loops with a 350nm Complementary Metal Oxide Semi Conductor (CMOS) technology has been represented. The comparison of Current Starved Voltage Controlled Oscillator (CSVCO) and Differential pair VCO is performed and analyzed for low power and high frequency analysis respectively. Each component of Phase Lock Loop (PLL) is designed with 350nm CMOS technology in Design Architect Integrated Circuit Station by Mentor Graphics (Eldo-Net) as simulator. In this paper both the standard configurations have been simulated under the same environment and results are analyzed for two most important Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI)constraints, Speed (High frequency range) and Power consumption. The high speed and locking performance of the Differential pair VCO has been evaluated against the lower power consumption benefit of CSVCO.

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Thompson, R. Gil, George C. Poulis und Gary M. Lourie. „Locked Wrist: A Case Report and Literature Review on Pisotriquetral Loose Bodies“. Journal of Wrist Surgery 9, Nr. 06 (15.05.2020): 518–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1710394.

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Abstract Background Pisotriquetral (PT) loose bodies have been described in the literature only a few times as case reports. While PT pathology remains the differential for ulnar-sided wrist pain, it can often be difficult to diagnose, as symptoms can be variable and radiographic imaging may be negative for any findings. Case Description A 24-year-old major league baseball player presented with pain and locking of his wrist during follow through of his bat swing. Plain radiographic imaging, as well as computed tomography (CT) imaging, was negative for any pathology. Dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated a loose body which entered the PT joint when the wrist was moved into a flexed position. This caused entrapment of the loose body and locking of the wrist. Literature Review A total of 17 reported patients in the literature have been diagnosed with a PT loose body. The clinical examination findings, radiographic findings, and surgical findings are reviewed. Case Relevance PT loose bodies can present a challenging clinical picture to diagnose. The purpose of this case report is to review the appropriate clinical workup, including common examination findings and advanced imaging techniques, to help the clinician with the diagnosis.

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Feng, Lishuang, Yinzhou Zhi, Ming Lei und Junjie Wang. „Suppression of frequency locking noise in resonator fiber optic gyro by differential detection method“. Optics & Laser Technology 62 (Oktober 2014): 109–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optlastec.2014.03.004.

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Green, Kirk, und Bernd Krauskopf. „Bifurcation Analysis of Frequency Locking in a Semiconductor Laser with Phase-Conjugate Feedback“. International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 13, Nr. 09 (September 2003): 2589–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127403008107.

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We present a detailed study of the external-cavity modes (ECMs) of a semiconductor laser with phase-conjugate feedback. Mathematically, lasers with feedback are modeled by delay differential equations (DDEs) with an infinite-dimensional phase space. We employ new numerical bifurcation tools for DDEs to continue steady states and periodic orbits, irrespective of their stability. In this way, we show that the periodic orbits corresponding to the ECMs are connected to the steady state solution associated with the locking range of the laser. We also identify symmetric and nonsymmetric homoclinic orbits and hysteresis in the system.

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Sieling, Fred H., Carmen C. Canavier und Astrid A. Prinz. „Predictions of Phase-Locking in Excitatory Hybrid Networks: Excitation Does Not Promote Phase-Locking in Pattern-Generating Networks as Reliably as Inhibition“. Journal of Neurophysiology 102, Nr. 1 (Juli 2009): 69–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00091.2009.

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Phase-locked activity is thought to underlie many high-level functions of the nervous system, the simplest of which are produced by central pattern generators (CPGs). It is not known whether we can define a theoretical framework that is sufficiently general to predict phase-locking in actual biological CPGs, nor is it known why the CPGs that have been characterized are dominated by inhibition. Previously, we applied a method based on phase response curves measured using inputs of biologically realistic amplitude and duration to predict the existence and stability of 1:1 phase-locked modes in hybrid networks of one biological and one model bursting neuron reciprocally connected with artificial inhibitory synapses. Here we extend this analysis to excitatory coupling. Using the pyloric dilator neuron from the stomatogastric ganglion of the American lobster as our biological cell, we experimentally prepared 86 networks using five biological neurons, four model neurons, and heterogeneous synapse strengths between 1 and 10,000 nS. In 77% of networks, our method was robust to biological noise and accurately predicted the phasic relationships. In 3%, our method was inaccurate. The remaining 20% were not amenable to analysis because our theoretical assumptions were violated. The high failure rate for excitation compared with inhibition was due to differential effects of noise and feedback on excitatory versus inhibitory coupling and suggests that CPGs dominated by excitatory synapses would require precise tuning to function, which may explain why CPGs rely primarily on inhibitory synapses.

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Massimo, Petazzoni, und Buiatti Michela. „Pantarsal Arthrodesis to Treat a Full-Thickness Lateral Trochlear Ridge Osteochondritis Dissecans in a Dog“. VCOT Open 02, Nr. 01 (Januar 2019): e27-e31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1687885.

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AbstractA 5-month-old female Golden Retriever dog presented with a 4-week history of right hindlimb lameness. A bone lesion on the proximal lateral trochlear ridge was detected at radiographic and ultrasound examinations. Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) or an articular fracture was included in the differential diagnoses. Computed tomography revealed an OCD lesion. A pantarsal arthrodesis was performed using a pre-bent arthrodesis locking plate. Histological analysis revealed pathological features typical of OCD. Clinical and radiographical assessments were performed 7, 15, 62 days and 7, 12 months postoperatively. No signs of pain were elicited upon palpation. Mechanical lameness, secondary to tarsal joint immobilization, was detected.

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MITSUNAKA, Takeshi, Masafumi YAMANOUE, Kunihiko IIZUKA und Minoru FUJISHIMA. „8-GHz Locking Range and 0.4-pJ Low-Energy Differential Dual-Modulus 10/11 Prescaler“. IEICE Transactions on Electronics E97.C, Nr. 6 (2014): 486–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1587/transele.e97.c.486.

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Jo, JunHyung, und Yun Lee. „1st-Order Shear Deformable Beam Formulation Based on Meshless Wavelet Galerkin Method“. Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2017 (2017): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/4868050.

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This paper examined and discussed a Meshless Wavelet Galerkin Method (MWGM) formulation for a first-order shear deformable beam, the properties of the MWGM, the differences between the MWGM and EFG, and programming methods for the MWGM. The first-order shear deformable beam (FSDB) consists of a pair of second-order elliptic differential equations. The weak forms of two differential equations are deduced using Hat wavelet series. The exact integration and reduced integration were used to analyze the problems. Some indeterminate beam problems are considered. Condition numbers of the stiffness matrix were analyzed with exact integration and reduced integration for two cases of these problems. Consequently, the results were converged on the analytic solutions. The shear-locking phenomenon also occurred in the MWGM as it occurs in the conventional FEM. The stiffness matrix calculated from the reduced integration causes a similar numerical error to the stiffness matrix calculated from the exact integration in the MWGM. The MWGM showed desirable results in the examples.

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ARROWSMITH, DAVID K., JULYAN H. E. CARTWRIGHT, ALEXIS N. LANSBURY und COLIN M. PLACE. „THE BOGDANOV MAP: BIFURCATIONS, MODE LOCKING, AND CHAOS IN A DISSIPATIVE SYSTEM“. International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 03, Nr. 04 (August 1993): 803–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021812749300074x.

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We investigate the bifurcations and basins of attraction in the Bogdanov map, a planar quadratic map which is conjugate to the Hénon area-preserving map in its conservative limit. It undergoes a Hopf bifurcation as dissipation is added, and exhibits the panoply of mode locking, Arnold tongues, and chaos as an invariant circle grows out, finally to be destroyed in the homo-clinic tangency of the manifolds of a remote saddle point. The Bogdanov map is the Euler map of a two-dimensional system of ordinary differential equations first considered by Bogdanov and Arnold in their study of the versal unfolding of the double-zero-eigenvalue singularity, and equivalently of a vector field invariant under rotation of the plane by an angle 2π. It is a useful system in which to observe the effect of dissipative perturbations on Hamiltonian structure. In addition, we argue that the Bogdanov map provides a good approximation to the dynamics of the Poincare maps of periodically forced oscillators.

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HASEGAWA, YOSHITAKA, RYUICHIRO TANAKA und YOSHISUKE UEDA. „ON RATIONAL PHASE-LOCKING OSCILLATIONS OF A SIMPLE SAWTOOTH OSCILLATOR WITH UJT“. International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 11, Nr. 12 (Dezember 2001): 3003–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127401004121.

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There are some reports about sawtooth oscillations on various systems. The authors constructed the sawtooth oscillator circuit exploiting a Uni-Junction Transistor (UJT), and investigated various nonautonomous-like oscillations induced by an external sinusoidal input. Different from the cases of ordinary differential equation (ODE) systems driven with some periodic oscillation, this input periodically alternates only the threshold of the mode transition. Many systems in various fields of electrical circuits, biology and so on utilize threshold variation or modulation between operational modes, and our system is a very simple representative. Though our circuit behaves as a piecewise-continuous ODE system, we will suggest one-dimensional map depending on the phase of the external sinusoidal input. And we will study the background about the existence of various rational locking mode in the analytic method, numerical investigations and circuit experiments, identifying our system as a discrete dynamical system. This paper reveals not only the existing regions of the respective modes, but also reports about respective itineraries of periodic solutions geometrically. Readers will see that the mode distribution constitutes a Cantor set structure.

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Chow, C. W., C. S. Wong und H. K. Tsang. „High repetition rate pulses generated by differential phase assisted injection-locking of Fabry–Perot laser diode“. Optics Communications 241, Nr. 4-6 (November 2004): 437–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2004.07.015.

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Gaubert, Laurent. „Frequency Locking in Countable Cellular Systems, Localization of (Asymptotic) Quasi-Periodic Solutions of Autonomous Differential Systems“. SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics 71, Nr. 1 (Januar 2011): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1137/070700814.

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Mehrjoo, Mohammad S., und James F. Buckwalter. „A Differential Oscillator Injection Locking Technique for an 8 GHz Outphasing Modulator With 22.7% Modulation Efficiency“. IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits 51, Nr. 12 (Dezember 2016): 3093–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2016.2600860.

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Yu, X. P., W. M. Lim, Z. Lu, J. Gu, Y. Liu und Y. Kiat-Seng. „0.8 mW 1.1–5.6 GHz dual-modulus prescaler based on multi-phase quasi-differential locking divider“. Electronics Letters 46, Nr. 24 (2010): 1595. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el.2010.8825.

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Duquesne, F., L. Kermis und R. Verschoore. „Influence of Differential Locking on Tractor Work Rate: Part 1, Simulation of a Single Axle Vehicle“. Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research 60, Nr. 3 (März 1995): 201–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jaer.1995.1014.

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