Thematische Bibliographien / Local flexibility market

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Local flexibility market“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 23. Juni 2021

Zuletzt aktualisiert am 1. Februar 2022

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Local flexibility market"

Antal, Claudia, Tudor Cioara, Marcel Antal, Vlad Mihailescu, Dan Mitrea, Ionut Anghel, Ioan Salomie et al. „Blockchain based decentralized local energy flexibility market“. Energy Reports 7 (November 2021): 5269–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2021.08.118.

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Pinto, Tiago, Nathalia Boeno, Zita Vale und Everthon Sica. „Multiagent Simulation of Demand Flexibility Integration in Local Energy Markets“. E3S Web of Conferences 239 (2021): 00010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123900010.

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Overcoming the issues associated with the variability of renewable generation has become a constant challenge in power and energy systems. The use of load flexibility is one of the most promising ways to face it. Suitable ways to incorporate flexibility in the electricity market, in addition to the already challenging integration of distributed generation primary sources, are therefore crucial. The integration of prosumers and consumers flexibility in the market is, however, not straightforward, as current wholesale and retail market structures are not prepared to deal with the current and future needs of the system. Several models for local energy markets have been studied and experimented; but there it is still not clear what is the most efficient way to integrate the dynamic participation of demand flexibility in this type of local markets.

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Schmitt, Carlo, Felix Gaumnitz, Andreas Blank, Olivier Rebenaque, Théo Dronne, Arnault Martin, Philippe Vassilopoulos, Albert Moser und Fabien Roques. „Framework for Deterministic Assessment of Risk-Averse Participation in Local Flexibility Markets †“. Energies 14, Nr. 11 (22.05.2021): 3012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14113012.

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Local flexibility markets (LFMs) are a market-based concept to integrate distributed energy resources into congestion management. However, the activation of flexibility for storage-based flexibility changes the respective state of charge. Compensation in later points of time is needed to regain the original flexibility potential. Therefore, we propose a LFM bid formulation including both flexibility and compensation. Furthermore, flexibility market participation might lead to inc-dec-gaming, i.e., congestion-increasing behavior to maximize profits. However, this inc-dec-gaming might lead to electricity market schedule deviations if LFM offers are not activated. We propose a risk-averse modeling formulation considering the potential non-activation of LFM bids to provide a framework for the assessment of LFM participation comparing different approaches. Our exemplary case studies demonstrate the proposed LFM bid formulation and show the impact of LFM participation modeling on inc-dec-gaming and congestion management costs.

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Zeiselmair, Andreas, und Simon Köppl. „Constrained Optimization as the Allocation Method in Local Flexibility Markets“. Energies 14, Nr. 13 (30.06.2021): 3932. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14133932.

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Local flexibility markets or smart markets are new tools used to harness regional flexibility for congestion management. In order to benefit from the available flexibility potential for grid-oriented or even grid-supportive applications, complex but efficient and transparent allocation is necessary. This paper proposes a constrained optimization method for matching the flexibility demand of grid operators to the flexibility supply using decentralized flexibility options located in the distribution grid. Starting with a definition of the operational and stakeholder environment of smart market design, various existing approaches are analyzed based on a literature review and a resulting meta-analysis. In the next step, a categorization of the allocation method is conducted followed by the definition of the optimization goal. The optimization problem, including all relevant input parameters, is identified and formulated by introducing the relevant boundary conditions and constraints of flexibility demand and offers. A proof of concept of the approach is presented using a case study and the Altdorfer Flexmarkt (ALF) field test within the project C/sells. In this paper, we analyze the background of the local flexibility market, provide the methodology (including publishing the code of the matching mechanism), and provide the results of the field test.

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Dronne, Theo, Fabien Roques und Marcelo Saguan. „Local Flexibility Markets for Distribution Network Congestion-Management in Center-Western Europe: Which Design for Which Needs?“ Energies 14, Nr. 14 (07.07.2021): 4113. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14144113.

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With the growth of decentralized resources, congestion management at the distribution level has become a growing issue in Europe. Several initiatives with local flexibility markets are being implemented, with different designs and objectives. In this paper, we provide a comparative assessment of four case studies of local flexibility markets (ENERA, GOPACS, UKPN, and ENEDIS) in different center-western Europe countries: Germany, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, and France. We identify a number of differences across these countries that have an impact on the drivers of implementation of these local flexibility markets and their market design such as the type and depth of congestion, the organization and governance of networks operators, the current approach for congestion management, and the need for the development of additional flexibility sources. We find that the different market design choices can be explained by the local specificities and use the four case studies to generalize our findings and define a typology of possible approaches for flexibility markets depending on the electricity system local specificities, as well as the sector governance and the policy priorities.

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Khajeh, Hosna, Hooman Firoozi, Mohammad Reza Hesamzadeh, Hannu Laaksonen und Miadreza Shafie-Khah. „A Local Capacity Market Providing Local and System-Wide Flexibility Services“. IEEE Access 9 (2021): 52336–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3069949.

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Esmat, Ayman, Julio Usaola und Mª Moreno. „A Decentralized Local Flexibility Market Considering the Uncertainty of Demand“. Energies 11, Nr. 8 (09.08.2018): 2078. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11082078.

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The role of the distribution system operator (DSO) is evolving with the increasing possibilities of demand management and flexibility. Rather than implementing conventional approaches to mitigate network congestions, such as upgrading existing assets, demand flexibility services have been gaining much attention lately as a solution to defer the need for network reinforcements. In this paper, a framework for a decentralized local market that enables flexibility services trading at the distribution level is introduced. This market operates on two timeframes, day-ahead and real-time and it allows the DSO to procure flexibility services which can help in its congestion management process. The contribution of this work lies in considering the uncertainty of demand during the day-ahead period. As a result, we introduce a probabilistic process that supports the DSO in assessing the true need of obtaining flexibility services based on the probability of congestion occurrence in the following day of operation. Besides being able to procure firm flexibility for high probable congestions, a new option is introduced, called the right-to-use option, which enables the DSO to reserve a specific amount of flexibility, to be called upon later if necessary, for congestions that have medium probabilities of taking place. In addition, a real-time market for flexibility trading is presented, which allows the DSO to procure flexibility services for unforeseen congestions with short notice. Also, the effect of the penetration level of flexibility on the DSO’s total cost is discussed and assessed. Finally, a case study is carried out for a real distribution network feeder in Spain to illustrate the impact of the proposed flexibility framework on the DSO’s congestion management process.

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Minniti, Simone, Niyam Haque, Phuong Nguyen und Guus Pemen. „Local Markets for Flexibility Trading: Key Stages and Enablers“. Energies 11, Nr. 11 (08.11.2018): 3074. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11113074.

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The European energy transition is leading to a transformed electricity system, where Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) will play a substantial role. Renewable Energy Sources (RES) will challenge the key operational obligation of real-time balancing and the need for flexibility will consequently increase. The introduction of a local flexibility market (LFM) would allow the trading of flexibility supplied by both producing and consuming units at the distribution level, providing market access to DERs, a support tool for Distribution System Operators (DSOs) and a value stream for energy suppliers. Aggregators and DSOs for different reasons can enhance the valuation of flexible DERs. Several research papers have assumed aggregators fully interacting with the electricity markets and DSOs contracting services with power system actors. These interactions are still not allowed in many European countries. This article aims to analyze the European regulation to identify the most important enablers and pave the way towards the full exploitation of DER flexibility, culminating in the establishment of an LFM. Therefore, three main stages, emerging from the progressive withdrawal of the current regulatory and market barriers, are identified: (1) enabling the aggregator’s trading, (2) evolution of the DSO’s role, and (3) key-design challenges of an LFM.

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Heinrich, Carsten, Charalampos Ziras, Tue V. Jensen, Henrik W. Bindner und Jalal Kazempour. „A local flexibility market mechanism with capacity limitation services“. Energy Policy 156 (September 2021): 112335. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2021.112335.

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Olivella-Rosell, Pol, Pau Lloret-Gallego, Íngrid Munné-Collado, Roberto Villafafila-Robles, Andreas Sumper, Stig Ottessen, Jayaprakash Rajasekharan und Bernt Bremdal. „Local Flexibility Market Design for Aggregators Providing Multiple Flexibility Services at Distribution Network Level“. Energies 11, Nr. 4 (02.04.2018): 822. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11040822.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "Local flexibility market"

Bjerre, Gustav, und Daniel Granath. „Flexibilitetsmarknaders roll för att överkomma kapacitetsbrist i lokala elnät : En studie om konceptets möjligheter och utmaningar på aktörsnivå och marknadsnivå“. Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Industriell miljöteknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-176252.

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Flera svenska storstadsregioner har börjat nå taket för nätkapacitet i elnäten, ett problem som även kallas kapacitetsbrist. Problemet med kapacitetsbrist grundar sig i de förändringar som sker för elproduktionen, med exempelvis en ökande grad av förnyelsebar, intermittent elproduktion, och förändringar i efterfrågan i och med samhällets ökande grad av elektrifiering. För att hantera och överkomma kapacitetsbrist har elnätsbolag traditionellt sett byggt ut elnätet för att därmed har möjlighet att leverera effekt under årets alla dagar, en metod som har långa ledtider och har höga investeringskostnader. Den accelererade problematiken kring kapacitetsbrist sätter ett förändringstryck på elsystemet och i synnerhet elnätsbolagen att hantera problemet. Ett alternativ till att hantera kapacitetsbrist är för elnätsbolag att upphandla flexibilitetstjänster. Det är en lösning som anses som resurseffektiv och samhällsekonomisk i förhållande till konventionell nätutbyggnad. Flexibilitet i elsystemet innebär aktörers medvetna förändring i elproduktion eller efterfrågan av effekt som avser att stabilisera elsystemet. Genom en flexibilitetsmarknad kan elnätsbolag ge aktörer incitament att erbjuda sin flexibilitet mot betalning och därmed hantera kapacitetsbrist när det behövs. I det här examensarbetet har syftet varit att studera flexibilitetsmarknaders roll i att överkomma kapacitetsbrist i lokala elnät och vad konceptet innebär för möjligheter och utmaningar på aktörsnivå och övergripande marknadsnivå. Genom kvalitativa forskningsmetoder, semi-strukturerade intervjuer, litteratur- och dokumentstudier, har författarna kartlagt kunskapsläget om flexibilitetsmarknader och konceptets innebörd för enskilda aktörer. Examensarbetet presenterar även ett teoretiskt ramverk av ekonomisk teori som syftar till att ge större förståelse för marknadens etableringsprocess och vilka eventuella marknadsmisslyckanden som riskerar att ske. En förstudie har genomförts där två aktiva projekt, CoordiNet och Sthlmflex, av flexibilitetsmarknader i Sverige har studerats för att identifiera insikter om flexibilitetsmarknaders möjligheter och utmaningar. Vidare utfördes en semi-strukturerad intervjustudie med 15 olika företag i Göteborg, en region som ännu inte har en flexibilitetsmarknad, för att studera olika aktörers drivkrafter och hinder för att medverka på en flexibilitetsmarknad. Företagen var kategoriserade i fem olika segment; industrier, hamnindustrier, fastighetsbolag, elnätsbolag och aggregatorer. Resultatet från förstudien visar på att de existerande flexibilitetmarknaderna har varit viktiga för deltagande aktörer att lära sig förstå hur de bör arbeta med en flexibilitetsmarknad som en del av verksamheten. Det har visat sig existera ett antal utmaningar i projekten som exempelvis bristfällig kommunikation, avsaknad av automatiserade processer och låg likviditet på marknaderna. I intervjustudien kunde det urskiljas att de flesta industrier, hamnindustrier och fastighetsbolag har flexibilitetsresurser och potential för att medverka som leverantörer på en flexibilitetsmarknad. Hos samma segment identifierades dock hinder gällande bristen på teknisk utrustning för att kunna erbjuda flexibilitet och en osäkerhet kring ersättningsnivån som kan väntas från flexibilitetmarknaden för flexibilitetsleverantörer. Elnätsbolag ser flexibilitetsmarknader som ett bra alternativ till att hantera kapacitetsbrist och att potentialen är stor för framtiden. Aggregatorer tros ha en betydande roll på flexibilitetsmarknader och vara en möjliggörare för aktörer med mindre resurser och begränsad kunskap. Totalt var 12 av 15 tillfrågade företagen intresserade av att delta på en flexibilitets-marknad i Göteborg. Utifrån teori kan flexibilitetsmarknader ses som en innovativ marknad och att etableringsprocessen innebär olika marknadsstabiliserande aktioner. Flexibilitetsmarknader innebär även ett behov av innovativa affärsmodeller för marknadsaktörerna. Med hänsyn till hinder och utmaningar som identifierats hos flexibilitetsmarknaderna under examensarbetet existerar risker för eventuella marknadsmisslyckanden, orsakade av asymmetrisk information, transaktionskostnader, begränsad rationalitet och externaliteter.
Several Swedish metropolitan regions have begun facing issues regarding the capacity in the power grid, a problem that is also known as capacity shortage. The problem of capacity shortage is based on several changes within the power system, for example, an increasing degree of renewable, intermittent electricity production, and society's increasing degree of electrification. In order to manage capacity shortages, power grid companies have traditionally expanded the power grid to be able to deliver power during all hours of the year, a method that has long lead times and high investment costs. The accelerated problem of capacity shortages puts pressure for change in the power system, and in particular the power grid companies to deal with the problem. An alternative in managing capacity shortages is for power grid companies to purchase flexibility services. It is a solution that is referred to as a more sustainable, resource efficient and socio-economic in relation to conventional power grid expansion. Flexibility in the power system can be seen as changes in the electricity production or the demand for power that intends to stabilize the power system. In a flexibility market, power grid companies can give companies incentives to offer their flexibility against payment and thus handle capacity shortages when needed. The purpose of the thesis has been to study the role of flexibility markets in overcoming capacity shortages in local power grids, and the concept’s opportunities and challenges for different actors and from a market perspective. Through qualitative research methods, semi-structured interviews, literature- and document studies, the authors have mapped the state of knowledge about flexibility markets and the concept's meaning for the power system. The thesis also presents a theoretical framework of economic theory that aims to provide a greater understanding of the market's establishment process and what possible market failures that are likely to occur. A pre-study has been carried out where two projects, CoordiNet and Sthlmflex, of flexibility markets in Sweden have been studied to identify insights into the concept’s opportunities and challenges. Furthermore, a semi-structured interview study was conducted with 15 different companies in Gothenburg, a region that does not yet have a flexibility market, to study companies’ drivers and obstacles to participate in a flexibility market. The companies were categorized into five different segments: industries, port industries, real estate companies, power grid companies and aggregators. The results from the pre-study show that the existing flexibility markets have been important for participating players to understand how they should integrate a flexibility market as a part of their businesses. It has been shown that there are several challenges in the flexibility projects, such as inadequate communication, lack of automated processes and low liquidity on the markets. In the interview study, it could be discerned that most industries, port industries and real estate companies have flexibility resources and potential to participate as flexibility providers in a flexibility market. In the same segments, obstacles were identified regarding the lack of technical equipment to be able to offer flexibility and an uncertainty about the level of remuneration that can be expected from the flexibility market for flexibility providers. Power grid companies sees flexibility markets as a good alternative for managing capacity shortages and that the potential is great for the future. Aggregators are believed to play a significant role in flexibility markets and be an enabler for companies with smaller flexibility resources and limited knowledge. In total, 12 of the 15 companies surveyed were interested in participating in a flexibility market in Gothenburg. Based on theory, a flexibility market can be seen as an innovative market and that the establishment process involves various market stabilizing actions. Flexibility markets also imply a need for innovative business models for market participants. Regarding the obstacles and challenges identified in the flexibility markets during the thesis, there are risks of market failure caused by asymmetric information, high transaction costs, bounded rationality, and externalities.

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Dauer, David [Verfasser], und C. [Akademischer Betreuer] Weinhardt. „Market-based Allocation of Local Flexibility in Smart Grids: A Mechanism Design Approach / David Dauer ; Betreuer: C. Weinhardt“. Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1116427699/34.

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Granath, Isabelle, und Kristin Holmlund. „Business Model Design for Digital Energy Trading Platforms : An Exploratory Study of Local Energy Market Designs“. Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-279616.

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The traditional electricity market, holding centralized authority over consumers, is no longer adequate seeing a shift towards a more electrified, decentralized, and digitalized society. Increased energy prices, raising concerns about climate change, and tightening governmental regulations have resulted in that an extensive diffusion of renewable energy sources has evolved. This development is expected to change the structure of the sector, despite that an appropriate market design that can deal with these remains to be identified. The purpose of this study was to investigate how a business model of a digital platform, managing energy trading within a local community could be designed. This study contributes to a new dimension of energy transitions within a Multi-Level Perspective by studying a particular field of the transition in terms of flexibility market platforms. The rising need for flexible solutions, making the consumer a prosumer, and enabling shared energy through a digital platform involves uncertainty and challenges, where a suitable business model linking new technology to the emerging market needs to be defined. Despite the novelty of the research field of local energy markets, the aim of investigating business model designs for a local energy market platform has been reached through an exploratory case study and integration of theories from several fields. This study makes an analytical contribution of investigating five pioneering projects, all developing digital platforms enabling integration of flexibility into the electricity market. This further contributes to the design-implementation gap of theories when developing a local energy market, by suggesting the most vital parameters to take into account. Based on the findings, a suggestion on a suitable business model design and a corresponding market design was developed. The main objective of the proposed market design is to serve as a basis to bring forward flexibility available from prosumers and their controllable demand and supply arrangement, including renewable energy technology generation and storage devices. The intention is to maintain a balanced and transparent distribution network at the lowest possible costs, while, at the same time functioning as reserve storage towards the main grid, reducing the risk of capacity shortage. Additional insights were raised that can be helpful in the evaluation of utilizing flexibility energy assets before making grid investments, following the recently presented recommendation of the EU's Clean Energy package.
Den traditionella elmarknaden, karaktäriserad av en centraliserad styrning, är inte längre hållbar då utvecklingen av marknaden går mot ett allt mer elektrifierat, decentraliserat och digitaliserat samhälle. Ökande energipriser, växande oro för klimatfrågor tillsammans med en allt snävare reglering av energimarknaden har resulterat i en omfattande ökning av förnybara energikällor. Denna utveckling förväntas förändra sektorns struktur, där en lämplig marknadsdesign som kan hantera detta återstår att identifiera. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka hur en affärsmodell för en digital plattform, anpassad för att hantera lokal energidelning, kan utformas. Denna studie bidrar till en ny dimension av energitransformationen från ett multi-nivå-perspektiv genom att studera ett särskilt område av övergången i form av flexibla marknadsplattformar. Det ökande behovet av flexibla lösningar, där konsumenter blir prosumenter och energi delas lokalt via digitala plattform innebär osäkerheter och utmaningar. En lämplig affärsmodell som kan anknyta de nya tekniska lösningarna som krävs till lokala energimarknader bör därav definieras. Trots att forskningsområdet som berör lokala energimarknader kan anses relativt nytt och delvis outforskat, har målet att undersöka affärsmodellkoncept för en lokal energimarknadsplattform uppnåtts genom en fallstudie och iterationer av teorier inom flertalet områden. Denna studie bidrar med en analytisk undersökning av fem innovativa projekt som alla utvecklar digitala plattformar för att möjliggöra integrering av flexibilitet till elmarknaden. Detta bidrar även till det kunskapsgap som har identifierats mellan design och implementering fas vid utvecklandet av lokala energimarknader, genom föreslagna parameter som anses grundläggande och som bör tas hänsyn till. Baserat på resultatet presenterades ett förslag på en lämplig design för affärsmodell samt en tillhörande marknadsdesign. Huvudsyftet med den föreslagna marknadsdesignen är att utgöra en grund för gynnandet av en mer flexibel elektricitet hantering. Detta möjliggörs genom introduktionen av prosumenter till marknaden, där allt mer elektricitet produceras från förnybara källor och där konsumtion samt produktion regleras med hjälp av integrerade lagringsenheter. Målet är att upprätthålla ett balanserat och transparent distributionsnät till lägsta möjliga kostnad, medan marknaden även fungerar som ett reservlager mot kraftnätet, vilket minskar risken för kapacitetsbrist runt om i Sverige. Ytterligare insikter från denna studie påvisar hur de befintliga energitillgångarna kan utnyttjas på ett mer flexibelt och effektivt sätt, vilka stöds av de nyligen presenterade rekommendationerna från EU:s Clean Energy-paket.

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Färegård, Simon, und Marko Miletic. „A Swedish Perspective on Aggregators and Local Flexibility Markets : Considerations and barriers for aggregators and SthlmFlex together with their potential to manage grid congestions in Stockholm“. Thesis, KTH, Energiteknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-299881.

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Aggregators targeting smaller customers, and their possibility to alleviate grid congestions through local flexibility markets, is a new concept in Sweden. The study’s purpose consisted of four main objectives. Investigate SthlmFlex and compare it to two other European flexibility markets. Explore the institutional, technical, financial and social considerations of an aggregator in Sweden. Identify barriers for the aggregators considerations as well as market barriers for SthlmFlex. Lastly, estimate the potential of aggregated demand side flexibility from heat pumps and electric vehicles in single-family houses to alleviate grid congestions in Stockholm 2021-2030. The study mainly followed an exploratory research approach where literature review was combined with interviews. A quantitative approach was applied for the estimation of the potential. SthlmFlex is an open market that offers trade of flexibility services as well as temporary subscriptions that allows Ellevio and Vattenfall to manage grid congestions through different solutions. The most noticeable difference in the comparison of markets was that SthlmFlex did not offer an integrated rebalancing mechanism. New Swedish regulations that will enable independent aggregation will be enforced in the beginning of 2022 and will facilitate the operation and acquisition of customers for aggregators. The aggregator requires a technical setup of both hardware and software to gain control of the technology and active the flexibility service. The business model is centred on sales of the technical system, which enables implicit and explicit services. Explicit services constitute a small part of the total revenue stream which is due to the low prices offered on flexibility markets. The aggregator has to consider the customers’ view on demand side flexibility and their competence within the electricity system. The study concluded that there is enough demand side flexibility potential in single-family houses to alleviate grid congestions in Stockholm from 2021-2030. However, several barriers were identified that limits the realization of this potential and the development of aggregators in Sweden. These include barriers related to balance responsibility, measurements and low revenue streams. Barriers in terms of market design and market approach were also identified specifically for SthlmFlex.
Aggregatorer som riktar sig mot mindre kunder, samt deras möjligheter att bidra till att minska flaskhalsarna i elnätet, är ett nytt koncept i Sverige. Studiens syfte bestod av fyra huvudmål. Utforska SthlmFlex och jämföra den med två andra europeiska flexibilitetsmarknader. Undersöka de institutionella, tekniska, finansiella och sociala övervägandena för en aggregator i Sverige. Identifiera barriärer för aggregatorns överväganden samt marknadsbarriärer för SthlmFlex. Slutligen, uppskatta potentialen av aggregerad efterfrågeflexibilitet från värmepumpar och elbilar i småhus för att underlätta flaskhalsar i elnätet i Stockholm från 2021–2030. Studien följde en utforskande ansats där litteraturstudier kombinerades med intervjuer. En kvantitativ metod användes för att uppskatta potentialen.SthlmFlex är en öppen marknad som erbjuder handel av flexibilitetstjänster samt tillfälliga abonnemang som tillåter Ellevio och Vattenfall hantera flaskhalsar i elnätet genom olika lösningar. Den mest noterbara skillnaden i jämförelsen av marknader var att SthlmFlex inte erbjöd en integrerad åter balanserande mekanism. Nya svenska regler som möjliggör oberoende aggregering träder i kraft i början av 2022 och kommer underlätta driften och införskaffning av kunder för aggregatorn. Aggregatorn kräver en teknisk struktur som med både hårdvara och mjukvara för att få kontroll av teknologin och aktivera flexibilitetstjänster. Affärsmodellen kretsar kring försäljning av det tekniska systemet som möjliggör tjänster som implicit, explicit och övriga. Explicita tjänster utgör en väldigt liten del av den totala intäktsmodellen, bland annat på grund av de låga priserna som erbjuds på flexibilitetsmarknader. Aggregatorn måste ta hänsyn till kundernas inställning till efterfrågeflexibilitet samt deras kompetens inom elsystemet. Studiens slutsats visar att den potentiella efterfrågeflexibiliteten hos småhus är tillräcklig för att underlätta flaskhalsar i elsystemet i Stockholm från 2021–2030. Flera barriärer identifierades som begränsar realisationen av denna potential och utvecklingen av aggregatorer i Sverige. Dessa inkluderade barriärer relaterade till balansansvar, mätning och låga inkomstströmmar. Barriärer i form av marknadsdesign och syfte med marknad identifierades även för SthlmFlex.

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Bücher zum Thema "Local flexibility market"

Garofalo, Giuseppe, Hrsg. Capitalismo distrettuale, localismi d'impresa, globalizzazione. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-8453-605-1.

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From the late Sixties on, industrial development in Italy evolved through the spread of small and medium sized firms, aggregated in district networks, with an elevated propensity to enterprise and the marked presence of owner-families. Installed within the local systems, the industrial districts tended to simulate large-scale industry exploiting lower costs generated by factors that were not only economic. The districts are characterised in terms of territorial location (above all the thriving areas of the North-east and Centre) and sector, since they are concentrated in the "4 As" (clothing-fashion, home-decor, agri-foodstuffs, automation-mechanics), with some overlapping with "Made in Italy". How can this model be assessed? This is the crucial question in the debate on the condition and prospects of the Italian productive system between the supporters of its capacity to adapt and the critics of economic dwarfism. A dispassionate judgement suggests that the prospects of "small is beautiful" have been superseded, but that the "declinist" view, that sees only the dangers of globalisation and the IT revolution for our SMEs is risky. The concept of irreversible crisis that prevails at present is limiting, both because it is not easy either to "invent", or to copy, a model of industrialisation, and because there is space for a strategic repositioning of the district enterprises. The book develops considerations in this direction, showing how an evolution of the district model is possible, focusing on: gains in productivity, scope economies (through diversification and expansion of the range of products), flexibility of organisation, capacity to meld tradition and innovation aiming at product quality, dimensional growth of the enterprises, new forms of financing, active presence on the international markets and valorisation of the resources of the territory. It is hence necessary to reactivate the behavioural functions of the entrepreneurs.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Local flexibility market"

Morais, Jorge, Fernando Lopes und Anabela Pronto. „Analysis and Simulation of Local Flexibility Markets: Preliminary Report“. In Highlights in Practical Applications of Agents, Multi-Agent Systems, and Social Good. The PAAMS Collection, 203–14. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85710-3_17.

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Mosley, Hugh. „Flexibility and Accountability in Labour Market Policy“. In Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED), 131–56. OECD, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264104716-10-en.

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Wu, Yuan, Xiaoqi Tan, Li Ping Qian, Danny H. K. Tsang, Wen-Zhan Song und Li Yu. „Management of Scheduling and Trading in Hybrid Energy Trading Market“. In Smart Grid as a Solution for Renewable and Efficient Energy, 123–48. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0072-8.ch006.

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We introduce a novel hybrid energy trading model in SG and illustrate the associated optimal energy scheduling and trading management. The hybrid model consists of an external retail market and a local energy trading market managed by a local trading controller (LTC) whose purpose is to coordinate the local transactions between energy consumers and suppliers. The flexibility in trading with the utility company and the LTC provide a new opportunity for benefiting the energy consumers and suppliers. We quantify such benefits and formulate the mathematical optimization problems, with the objective of optimizing the consumers' and suppliers' rewards through controlling their energy demands and provisionings, and controlling the pricing of the LTC. We model two different types of the LTC's objective when it manages the local trading, i.e., the nonprofit-oriented one and the profit-oriented one. Furthermore, we consider that multiple LTCs coexist in the hybrid market, and present the mathematical optimization problems regarding the optimal energy scheduling and trading problems.

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Rodrigues, J. C. „Price Management on Global Digital Subscription Services Using Freemium Business Model“. In Advances in Business Strategy and Competitive Advantage, 178–96. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7265-7.ch010.

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E-commerce definitions allow us to understand the digital environment beyond a simplistic view of packaged products being delivered to one's home. Content, services, and experiences digitalization also became consumption options, having strong representatives such as Netflix, Spotify, and LinkedIn, among other digital services with revenue coming from recurring payments, here referred as digital subscription services (DSS). Freemium business model has gained prominence in recent years, although much of the literature considers it under a dualistic view (free vs. paid version), though there's no impediment to more than one paid version (levels). Taking advantage of the global reach, freemium DSSs usually have standardized purchase options (number of paid versions and benefits of each), turning the flexibility to set local prices fundamental to adjust the paid version(s) value perception according to the economic, market, and consumer expectations in each market. This chapter proposes price positioning strategies in global freemium DSSs, having Cutler and Sterne's conversion digital consumer lifecycle model in the background and potential scenarios in premium levels management based on the premise of price flexibility for local adaptations. Such proposals will allow global freemium services' managers to make price adjustments according to the analysis of the consumer distribution among service's paid versions, and to future studies to seek a possible quantification of the price change due to the asymmetry of consumers' distribution.

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Lopes, Fernando. „From wholesale energy markets to local flexibility markets: structure, models and operation“. In Local Electricity Markets, 37–61. Elsevier, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-820074-2.00009-5.

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Whiteside, Noel. „Transforming the unemployed: trade union benefits and the advent of state policy“. In Labour and Working-Class Lives. Manchester University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9781784995270.003.0005.

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The introduction of state insurance for the unemployed, under the 1911 National Insurance Act, forced the trade unions to make adjustments to their visions of how they treated the unemployed. Before the 1911 Act there was immense diversity and variation in how the trade unions supported their members and controlled the labour market through providing benefits for the unemployed. However, the 1911 Act, imposed a rigidity on unemployment, defining it by imposing a limit of benefits for 15 weeks per year, with those falling out of benefit being unfortunate rather than long-term unemployed. Since many unions ran the new state scheme it was their previous flexibility in providing benefits to a more liberally defined unemployed, and allowing local branch variation, was replaced by the state’s insistence on uniformity and centralisation.

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Sard, Barbara. „Enabling More Families with Housing Vouchers to Access Higher-Opportunity Neighborhoods“. In Facing Segregation, 92–119. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190862305.003.0006.

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This chapter discusses the Housing Choice Voucher (HCV) program, which helps more than two million low-income households—nearly half with minor children in the home—to pay for modestly priced, decent-quality homes in the private market. The program has reduced housing cost burdens, decreased homelessness, and increased housing stability, but vouchers currently do less than they could to help families live in low-poverty, high-opportunity neighborhoods. Public housing agencies have flexibility to implement strategies to improve location outcomes in their HCV programs. But unless changes in federal policy encourage them to take such steps and to modify counterproductive policies—and reliable funding is available to maintain the number of families receiving HCV assistance and to administer the program effectively—there is little reason to expect better results. Federal, state, and local agencies can make four sets of interrelated policy changes that will help families in the HCV program to live in better locations.

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Peck, Jamie. „Labor and Agglomeration: Control and Flexibility in Local Labor Markets*“. In Economy, 281–303. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351159203-13.

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Hartmann, Andreas M. „Strategic Options for MNEs Operating in Emerging Markets“. In Multinational Enterprise Management Strategies in Developing Countries, 34–49. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0276-0.ch002.

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This chapter outlines some of the basic opportunities, conditions, and strategic options for firms operating in emerging markets. Increasing FDI figures show that emerging markets offer many opportunities for foreign investors, but also pose specific challenges for doing business. Some factors are more abundant and less expensive, especially low to medium-skilled labor and natural resources, while sophisticated services are more difficult to obtain. A specific characteristic of emerging markets is the lack of business-enabling intermediaries. Therefore, foreign MNEs frequently need to fulfill tasks that are not within their range of activities in their home countries. Additionally, many governments in emerging economies act slowly and erratically; and laws are often not enforced systematically. In this context, foreign MNEs can choose between acquiring a local company, partnering up, or going it alone. The chapter looks at the pros and cons of these modes of internationalization and presents some concluding comments on the flexibility required by working under such conditions.

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Hertz, Robert. „Excerpt from “St Besse: A Study of an Alpine Cult”“. In Anthropology of Catholicism. University of California Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520288423.003.0002.

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The works of French sociologist Robert Hertz (1881–1915) are now staple readings in general anthropology. This study of the cult of a saint in the Italian Alps is lesser known than Hertz’s celebrated essay on the symbolism of death and sin, “Death and the Right Hand” (1907), yet it remains a model of classic ethnography. Hertz was raised in a devout Parisian Jewish family, studied at the École Normale Supérieure under Émile Durkheim and Marcel Mauss, and later became a critical member of the famous Année Sociologique group. The influence of the Année—its concern with theoretically driven, detailed, holistic, and integrative analyses of social phenomena—can be seen in his essay “Saint Besse: Étude d’un culte alpestre” (first published in 1913 in the French Revue de l’Histoire des Religions and translated into English in 1988).¹ The essay is a painstaking, eloquent ethnohistory, locating Saint Besse intimately in divergent paths of regional history and local tradition, where Saint Besse’s shrine in a rocky Alpine overhang is, quite literally, embedded in the landscape. The essay portrays beautifully the independent spirit of popular Catholicism, especially in the flexibility of the hagiography of Saint Besse, which allows each community—whether mountain peasants or village dwellers, even church authorities—to lay claim to the saint through the qualities he is seen to manifest: the courage of a soldier, the moral stature of a bishop, and the devotion of a pious shepherd. The work is methodologically unorthodox for a Durkheimian, for Hertz not only draws on oral and archival sources, popular, local, and ecclesiastical traditions, but also has left his Parisian armchair for direct, “participant observation” in the field. In the Italian Alps, as elsewhere, a vibrant popular Catholicism evolves from pagan, telluric sources, sometimes articulating with official Catholicism, sometimes not. In typically Durkheimian fashion, Hertz describes the tremendous power of Saint Besse to knit together diverse communities of people morally and physically through collective religious devotion. In Hertz’s focus on Saint Besse as a material source and mediator of social identity we can read this work as a precursor to many other great ethnographies on Catholic saints (popular and more official), whether in Europe, Latin America, or elsewhere. But we can also read in the essay the political and moral vision of a socialist, activist—and Jewish—scholar who saw in a popular rural Catholic saint cult the vitality of community life that he might have seen as missing in his own social milieu of pre–World War I France.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Local flexibility market"

Oleinikova, Irina, und Anna Mutule. „Flexibility Assessment Through Local Energy Consumer“. In 2019 16th International Conference on the European Energy Market (EEM). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eem.2019.8916303.

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Pavlovic, M., T. Gawron-Deutsch, C. Neureiter und K. Diwold. „SGAM Business Layer for a Local Flexibility Market“. In CIRED Workshop 2016. Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp.2016.0821.

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Faia, Ricardo, Tiago Pinto, Zita Vale und Juan Manuel Corchado. „A Local Electricity Market Model for DSO Flexibility Trading“. In 2019 16th International Conference on the European Energy Market (EEM). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eem.2019.8916563.

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Wanapinit, Natapon, und Jessica Thomsen. „Exploiting renewable energy and flexibility potential via local cooperation“. In 2020 17th International Conference on the European Energy Market (EEM). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eem49802.2020.9221921.

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Gonzalez Venegas, Felipe, Marc Petit und Yannick Perez. „Can DERs fully participate in emerging local flexibility tenders?“ In 2019 16th International Conference on the European Energy Market (EEM). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eem.2019.8916343.

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Liu, Rui, Xiuli Wang, Hongyang Zhao und Yifei Wang. „Distribution System Congestion Management Based on Local Flexibility Market“. In 2021 6th Asia Conference on Power and Electrical Engineering (ACPEE). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acpee51499.2021.9436988.

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Torbaghan, Shahab Shariat, Niels Blaauwbroek, Phuong Nguyen und Madeleine Gibescu. „Local market framework for exploiting flexibility from the end users“. In 2016 13th International Conference on the European Energy Market (EEM). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eem.2016.7521304.

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Prat, Elea, Lars Herre, Jalal Kazempour und Spyros Chatzivasileiadis. „Design of a Continuous Local Flexibility Market with Network Constraints“. In 2021 IEEE Madrid PowerTech. IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/powertech46648.2021.9494978.

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Janke, Tim, Bastian Brindley, Tobias Rodemann und Florian Steinke. „Incentivizing the Adoption of Local Flexibility Options: A Quantitative Case Study“. In 2018 15th International Conference on the European Energy Market (EEM). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eem.2018.8469854.

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Khajeh, Hosna, Hooman Firoozi, Hannu Laaksonen und Miadreza Shafie-khah. „A New Local Market Structure for Meeting Customer-Level Flexibility Needs“. In 2020 International Conference on Smart Energy Systems and Technologies (SEST). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sest48500.2020.9203499.

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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Local flexibility market"

Hamann, Franz, Cesar Anzola, Oscar Avila-Montealegre, Juan Carlos Castro-Fernandez, Anderson Grajales-Olarte, Alexander Guarín, Juan C. Mendez-Vizcaino, Juan J. Ospina-Tejeiro und Mario A. Ramos-Veloza. Monetary Policy Response to a Migration Shock: An Analysis for a Small Open Economy. Banco de la República de Colombia, Januar 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/be.1153.

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We develop a small open economy model with nominal rigidities and fragmented labor markets to study the response of the monetary policy to a migration shock. Migrants are characterized by their productivity levels, their restrictions to accumulate capital, as well as by the flexibility of their labor income. Our results show that the monetary policy response depends on the characteristics of migrants and the local labor market. An inflow of low(high)-productivity workers reduces(increases) marginal costs, lowers(raises) inflation expectations and pushes the Central Bank to reduce(increase) the interest rate. The model is calibrated to the Colombian economy and used to analyze a migratory inflow of financially constraint workers from Venezuela into a sector with flexible and low wages.

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