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Ma, Ming, Jeremy R. Lohman, Tao Liu und Ben Shen. „C-S bond cleavage by a polyketide synthase domain“. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, Nr. 33 (03.08.2015): 10359–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1508437112.
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Leinamycin (LNM) is a sulfur-containing antitumor antibiotic featuring an unusual 1,3-dioxo-1,2-dithiolane moiety that is spiro-fused to a thiazole-containing 18-membered lactam ring. The 1,3-dioxo-1,2-dithiolane moiety is essential for LNM’s antitumor activity, by virtue of its ability to generate an episulfonium ion intermediate capable of alkylating DNA. We have previously cloned and sequenced the lnm gene cluster from Streptomyces atroolivaceus S-140. In vivo and in vitro characterizations of the LNM biosynthetic machinery have since established that: (i) the 18-membered macrolactam backbone is synthesized by LnmP, LnmQ, LnmJ, LnmI, and LnmG, (ii) the alkyl branch at C-3 of LNM is installed by LnmK, LnmL, LnmM, and LnmF, and (iii) leinamycin E1 (LNM E1), bearing a thiol moiety at C-3, is the nascent product of the LNM hybrid nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS)-acyltransferase (AT)-less type I polyketide synthase (PKS). Sulfur incorporation at C-3 of LNM E1, however, has not been addressed. Here we report that: (i) the bioinformatics analysis reveals a pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)-dependent domain, we termed cysteine lyase (SH) domain (LnmJ-SH), within PKS module-8 of LnmJ; (ii) the LnmJ-SH domain catalyzes C-S bond cleavage by using l-cysteine and l-cysteine S-modified analogs as substrates through a PLP-dependent β-elimination reaction, establishing l-cysteine as the origin of sulfur at C-3 of LNM; and (iii) the LnmJ-SH domain, sharing no sequence homology with any other enzymes catalyzing C-S bond cleavage, represents a new family of PKS domains that expands the chemistry and enzymology of PKSs and might be exploited to incorporate sulfur into polyketide natural products by PKS engineering.
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Cheng, Yi-Qiang, Gong-Li Tang und Ben Shen. „Identification and Localization of the Gene Cluster Encoding Biosynthesis of the Antitumor Macrolactam Leinamycin in Streptomyces atroolivaceus S-140“. Journal of Bacteriology 184, Nr. 24 (15.12.2002): 7013–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.184.24.7013-7024.2002.
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ABSTRACT Leinamycin (LNM), produced by Streptomyces atroolivaceus, is a thiazole-containing hybrid peptide-polyketide natural product structurally characterized with an unprecedented 1,3-dioxo-1,2-dithiolane moiety that is spiro-fused to a 18-member macrolactam ring. LNM exhibits a broad spectrum of antimicrobial and antitumor activities, most significantly against tumors that are resistant to clinically important anticancer drugs, resulting from its DNA cleavage activity in the presence of a reducing agent. Using a PCR approach to clone a thiazole-forming nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) as a probe, we localized a 172-kb DNA region from S. atroolivaceus S-140 that harbors the lnm biosynthetic gene cluster. Sequence analysis of 11-kb DNA revealed three genes, lnmG, lnmH, and lnmI, and the deduced product of lnmI is characterized by domains characteristic to both NRPS and polyketide synthase (PKS). The involvement of the cloned gene cluster in LNM biosynthesis was confirmed by disrupting the lnmI gene to generate non-LNM-producing mutants and by characterizing LnmI as a hybrid NRPS-PKS megasynthetase, the NRPS module of which specifies for l-Cys and catalyzes thiazole formation. These results have now set the stage for full investigations of LNM biosynthesis and for generation of novel LNM analogs by combinatorial biosynthesis.
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Zwicky, Roman. „QED-Corrections to Weak Decays“. Symmetry 13, Nr. 11 (28.10.2021): 2036. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13112036.
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Important aspects of QED-corrections to hadronic decays are reviewed with emphasis on conceptual points such as infrared divergences and structure dependence. These matter are illustrated for the e+e−→hadrons, the leptonic decay π+→ℓ+ν¯ and the semileptonic decay B→πℓ+ν¯. Aspects of structure dependence include the (non)-cancellation of hard-collinear logs (e.g., lnmℓ and lnmπ) of charged final states.
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Prckopa, Andras. „A review of: “Ten years LNMB, Ph.D. research and graduate courses of the Dutch Network of Operations Research” Edited by W.K. Klein Haneveld, O.J. Vrieze and L.M.C. Kallenberg Centrum voor Wiskunde en Informatica CW/TRACT 122.“ IIE Transactions 30, Nr. 9 (September 1998): 858. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07408179808966534.
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Wu, Jian. „Magnetoresistance Effects for the Inhomogeneous Perovskite System of Ag Doped La0.833Na0.167MnO3“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 110-116 (Oktober 2011): 553–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.110-116.553.
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The transport properties of the inhomogeneous system (1/4) Ag2O-La0.833Na0.167MnO3(LNMO/Ag) have been systematically studied. X-ray diffraction patterns show that the LNMO/Ag sample is the two-phase composite and consists of a magnetic La0.833Na0.167MnO3(LNMO) perovskite phase and a nonmagnetic Ag metal phase. The resistivity of the sample decreases dramatically with Ag added into the pure perovskite LNMO manganites. For the LNMO/Ag sample, the Curie temperatureTCis 331 ± 2 K and slightly higher than that of the LNMO sample (323 ± 2 K). Due to the dope of Ag metal, the room temperature magnetoresistance effect is enhanced significantly (from 7% for the pure LNMO manganites to 23% for the LNMO/Ag sample under a relative lower field of 0.5 T and from 37.5% for the LNMO sample to 41 % for the LNMO/Ag sample under a high field of 6 T at the temperature of 330 K. In the low temperature regime, the magnetoresistance ratio of the LNMO/Ag sample is smaller than that of the LNMO sample, which is contrary to the magnetoresistance effect in high temperature. The effects are discussed qualitatively by use of a model which is based on the relative change among the intrinsic magnetoresistance effect and the extrinsic magnetoresistance effect.
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Nisar, Umair, Joachim Bansmann, Margret Wohlfahrt-Mehrens und Peter Axmann. „Borate-Coated Co-Free LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4: Enhanced Performance and Stability for High-Power-Density Libs“. ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-02, Nr. 8 (22.12.2023): 3423. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-0283423mtgabs.
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Cobalt free LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO), also known as high-voltage spinel, has emerged as a promising cathode material for high energy-density and high power-density lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), making it a viable candidate for applications in large-scale energy storage systems (ESS) and transportation (1-5). Despite its potential, LNMO faces challenges, such as rapid capacity degradation and the formation of an unstable cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI), which have impeded its commercialization(4-5). To address these issues, we present a cost-effective and scalable approach involving the application of a borate-based surface coating to LNMO (borate-LNMO). In this study, we systematically applied varying amounts of borate coating to LNMO and assessed their electrochemical performance in both half- and full-cell configurations. Initial optimization of the coating amount revealed that borate-LNMO materials exhibited superior rate capability, and enhanced stability when compared to bare LNMO. Float testing demonstrated a stable LNMO/electrolyte interface for borate-LNMO materials, in contrast to the continuous increase in leakage (parasitic current) observed with bare LNMO over time. Furthermore, borate-LNMO materials exhibited superior cycling performance in full-cell setups, both at ambient (25℃) and elevated (45℃) temperatures. This enhanced performance can be attributed to the formation of relatively stable CEI and SEI interphases, resulting in reduced electrolyte decomposition, lower transition metal dissolution at the LNMO/electrolyte interface, and minimized cross-talk between the cathode and anode. Post-mortem SEM analysis of the cycled graphite anodes revealed a thicker and denser SEI in bare LNMO cells, whereas borate-LNMO cells exhibited a thinner and porous SEI. These findings suggest that borate-coated LNMO could be a promising solution for cost-effective and high-power LIBs.
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Li, Yu, Dongsheng Wang, Yi Li, Xiaodong Liu, Dong Chen, Chentong Yuan und Yanbing Zhou. „Clinical Significance of Lymph Node Micrometastasis in pN0 Gastric Cancer Patients“. Gastroenterology Research and Practice 2021 (03.03.2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6854646.
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Purpose. To investigate the relationship between lymph node micrometastasis (LNMM) and clinicopathological factors and to evaluate the prognostic effects of LNMM in pN0 gastric cancer (GC) patients. Methods. One hundred and seventy-two GC patients who received radical gastrectomy with D2 lymph node dissection were enrolled in the present study. 1371 negative lymph nodes from level 2 station confirmed by pathology were examined. The LNMM was diagnosed by telomeric repeat amplification protocol/enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (TRAP-ELISA). The relationship between clinicopathological factors and LNMM was investigated by multivariate analysis. Survival analysis was performed to evaluate the effects of LNMM on prognosis. Results. LNMM was detected in 423 lymph nodes from 72 patients. The results showed that invasion depth ( OR = 3.755 , P = 0.004 ), TNM staging ( OR = 3.152 , P = 0.002 ), lymphatic invasion ( OR = 2.178 , P = 0.009 ), and tumor differentiation ( OR = 1.266 , P = 0.013 ) were independent risk factors associated with LNMM. Survival analysis showed that patients with LNMM had significantly worse 5-year survival compared with those without LNMM (42% vs. 76.4%, P < 0.05 ). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that LNMM, tumor size, Lauren type, invasion depth, and lymphatic invasion ( P < 0.05 ) were independently factors associated with 5-year survival. Conclusions. The findings showed that tumor invasion depth, TNM staging, lymphatic invasion, and tumor differentiation were independent risk factors associated with LNMM occurrence. Moreover, LNMM is a clinically negative prognostic factor in pN0 GC patients.
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Yi, Kang, Qingkai Tang, Zhiwei Wu und Xinhua Zhu. „Unraveling the Structural, Dielectric, Magnetic, and Optical Characteristics of Nanostructured La2NiMnO6 Double Perovskites“. Nanomaterials 12, Nr. 6 (16.03.2022): 979. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12060979.
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Double perovskite La2NiMnO6 (LNMO) nanoparticles and nanorods were synthesized via a hydrothermal process, where only aqueous inorganic solvents are used to regulate the microscopic morphology of the products without using any organic template. They crystallized in a monoclinic (P21/n) double perovskite crystal structure. The LNMO nanoparticles exhibited spherical morphology with an average particle size of 260 ± 60 nm, and the LNMO nanorods had diameters of 430 ± 120 nm and length about 2.05 ± 0.65 μm. Dual chemical oxidation states of the Ni and Mn ions were confirmed in the LNMO samples by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Strong frequency dispersion dielectric behavior observed in the LNMO ceramics, is attributed to the space charge polarization and the oxygen vacancy induced dielectric relaxation. A ferroelectric—paraelectric phase transition appearing near 262 K (or 260 K) in the LNMO ceramics prepared from nanoparticles (or nanorods) was identified to be a second-order phase transition. The LNMO samples are ferromagnetic at 5 K but paramagnetic at 300 K. The LNMO nanoparticles had larger saturation magnetization (MS = 6.20 μB/f.u. @ 5 K) than the LNMO nanorods (MS = 5.68 μB/f.u.) due to a lower structural disorder in the LNMO nanorods. The semiconducting nature of the nanostructured LNMO with an optical band gap of 0.99 eV was revealed by the UV–visible absorption spectra. The present results enable the nanostructured LNMO to be a promising candidate for practical spintronic devices.
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Lohan, Manja, Frédéric Justaud, Heinrich Lang und Claude Lapinte. „Synthesis, Spectroelectrochemical, and EPR Spectroscopic Studies of Mixed Bis(alkynyl)biferrocenes of the Type (LnMC≡C)(LnM′C≡C)bfc“. Organometallics 31, Nr. 9 (24.04.2012): 3565–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/om300050t.
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Kathamuthu, Gokul Raj, Rathinam Sridhar, Dhanaraj Baskaran und Subash Babu. „Dominant expansion of CD4+, CD8+ T and NK cells expressing Th1/Tc1/Type 1 cytokines in culture-positive lymph node tuberculosis“. PLOS ONE 17, Nr. 5 (26.05.2022): e0269109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0269109.
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Lymph node culture-positive tuberculosis (LNTB+) is associated with increased mycobacterial antigen-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine production compared to LN culture-negative tuberculosis (LNTB-). However, the frequencies of CD4+, CD8+ T cells and NK cells expressing Th1/Tc1/Type 1 (IFNγ, TNFα, IL-2), Th17/Tc17/Type 17 (IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-22) cytokines and cytotoxic (perforin [PFN], granzyme [GZE] B, CD107a) markers in LNTB+ and LNTB- individuals are not known. Thus, we have studied the unstimulated (UNS) and mycobacterial antigen-induced frequencies of CD4+, CD8+ T and NK cells expressing Th1, Th17 cytokines and cytotoxic markers using flow cytometry. The frequencies of CD4+, CD8+ T and NK cells expressing cytokines and cytotoxic markers were not significantly different between LNTB+ and LNTB- individuals in UNS condition. In contrast, upon Mtb antigen stimulation, LNTB+ individuals are associated with significantly increased frequencies of CD4+ T cells (PPD [IFNγ, TNFα], ESAT-6 PP [IFNγ, TNFα], CFP-10 PP [IFNγ, TNFα, IL-2]), CD8+ T cells (PPD [IFNγ], ESAT-6 PP [IFNγ], CFP-10 PP [TNFα]) and NK cells (PPD [IFNγ, TNFα], ESAT-6 PP [IFNγ, TNFα], CFP-10 PP [TNFα]) expressing Th1/Tc1/Type 1, but not Th17/Tc17/Type 17 cytokines and cytotoxic markers compared to LNTB- individuals. LNTB+ individuals did not show any significant alterations in the frequencies of CD4+, CD8+ T cells and NK cells expressing cytokines and cytotoxic markers compared to LNTB- individuals upon HIV Gag PP and P/I antigen stimulation. Increased frequencies of CD4+, CD8+ T and NK cells expressing Th1/Tc1/Type 1 cytokines among the LNTB+ group indicates that the presence of mycobacteria plays a dominant role in the activation of key correlates of immune protection or induces higher immunopathology.
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Jain, Sonal, und Kalpana Singh. „Histopathological Cellular and Diagnostic Features of Tuberculous Lymphadenitis“. Microbiology Research Journal International 33, Nr. 4 (30.06.2023): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/mrji/2023/v33i41377.
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Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global health problem with 25% of the world’s population infected from the causative agent Mycobacterium tuberculosis(MTB). Indian ranks first amongst the eight countries reported to have highest burden of MTB across the globe. TB is categorized into pulmonary and extrapulmonary(EPTB); the most common clinical manifestation of EPTB being tuberculous lymphadenitis(LNTB). LNTB generally occurs due to reactivation of latent infection and cervical lymph nodes are the most common sites.
Objective: The present research work was conducted to explore disease spectrum of LNTB highlighting specific histopathologic features.
Materials and Methods: Twenty-one patients with clinically diagnosed LNTB were included and one lymph node biopsy was obtained from each patient. The formalin-fixed paraffin tissue sections were subjected to standard hematoxylin & eosin staining (H & E stain) to understand different histologic features of LNTB.
Results: LNTB displayed a disease spectrum which can be categorized into four broad categories as: 1. Early granulomas(n=2); 2. Non-caseating granulomas(n=12); 3. Caseating granulomas(n=6); 4. Massive extensive caseation without Langhan’s giant cells(n=1). The well-formed, non-necrotic, epithelioid cell granulomas were prominent feature of LNTB in our study.
Conclusion: The above study supports the existence of a disease spectrum of LNTB with histologic features ranging from early granulomas to massive caseation necrosis. This can aid clinicians for better diagnosis of LNTB so to aid for early detection and an appropriate treatment of the disease.
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Kim, Younhee, Young Ho Eom und Jae Young Lee. „Implications of Learn Not To Burn (LNTB) Program from the National Fire Protection Agency in the United States“. Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis 12, Nr. 10 (30.10.2022): 9–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.14251/jscm.2022.10.9.
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Burn is one of the serious injuries for all age groups however the younger the age is, the seriousness of the damage is larger. Children are vulnerable to burn injuries however the current Korean fire prevention content and education curriculum for children do not have specific burn prevention content. This paper is to examine the Learn Not To Burn (LNTB) program at the National Fire Protection Agency (NFPA) in the United States and aims to extract implications towards the burn prevention program for children in Korea. In order to do so, we investigated the LNTB contents, compositions from LNTB textbooks, and LNTB teaching materials. Further, the development and operational process to maintain the LNTB content and the rollout process are also investigated. We also investigated the burn-related content and curriculum of the fire prevention from an elementary school in Korea. We extracted the implications from the LNTB program and described the need for burn prevention education for young children in Korea. Finally, we made suggestions for creating the LNTB program in Korea by collaborating with stakeholders for young children.
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Abeywardana, Maheeka Yapa, Nina Laszczynski, Matthias Kuenzel, Dominic Bresser, Stefano Passerini und Brett Lucht. „Increased Cycling Performance of Li-Ion Batteries by Phosphoric Acid Modified LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 Cathodes in the Presence of LiBOB“. International Journal of Electrochemistry 2019 (04.07.2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/8636540.
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LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO), which has an operating voltage of 4.8 vs Li/Li+ and a theoretical capacity of 147 mAh g−1, is an interesting cathode material for advanced lithium ion batteries. However, electrolyte decomposition at the electrode can gradually decrease the capacity of the battery. In this study, the surface of the LNMO cathode has been modified with phosphoric acid (PA) to improve the capacity of the LNMO/graphite full cell. Modification of LNMO cathodes by PA is confirmed by surface analysis. Additionally, the presence of lithium bis-(oxalato) borate (LiBOB) as an electrolyte additive further enhances the performance of PA modified LNMO/graphite cells. The improved performance of PA modified cathodes and electrolytes containing LiBOB can be attributed to the suppressed Mn and Ni deposition on the anode. Elemental analysis suggests that the Mn and Ni dissolution is significantly reduced compared to unmodified LNMO/graphite cells with standard electrolyte.
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Mustafa, Mona, Peter Bartenstein, Torsten Kuwert, Daniela Schmidt und Harun Ilhan. „Rate of elimination of radioiodineavid lymph node metastases of differentiated thyroid carcinoma by postsurgical radioiodine ablation“. Nuklearmedizin 55, Nr. 06 (2016): 221–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3413/nukmed-0794-16-01.
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SummarySPECT/CT detects radioiodine-positive cervical lymph node metastases (LNMs) of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) at the time of postsurgical radioablation (RA). Preliminary evidence indicates that the majority of LNMs are successfully treated by RA. The aim of this study was to confirm this evidence in a bicentric setting and to evaluate whether size is a predictor for successful elimination. Patients and methods: Since 01/2007 and 05/2008, respectively, SPECT/spiral-CT is performed routinely in all patients with DTC at RA in two University Clinics. The outcome of iodine-positive LNMs identified by SPECT/CT until 12/2012 was analyzed by follow-up diagnostic 131I scans and serum thyreoglobulin (Tg) values. LNM volume and short-axis diameter were evaluated as prognostic factors by a receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Results: 79 patients with 97 iodine-positive LNMs were included. Surgery was carried out in 8 patients with 13 LNMs due to the presence of additional iodine-negative lesions. Of the remaining 84 LNMs, 74 (88%) were successfully treated as demonstrated by radioiodine scans at follow-up. 10 LNMs persisted. 67/70 LNMs smaller than 0.9 ml were treated successfully, whereas this was the case of only 6/14 exceeding this threshold. Using this cut-off level to predict treatment success, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value were 92%, 73%, 96%, and 57%. Results for short-axis diameter (cut-off level < 1cm) were 90%, 69%, 94% and 56%. Conclusion: RA is effective in the treatment of the majority of 131I-positive LNMs identified in SPECT/CT images. In this study, 88% of iodine-positive LNM in DTC were successfully treated by radioiodine given at RA. Both LNM volume and diameter are reliable predictors of treatment success.
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Al‐Otaibi, Jamelah S., Zakir Ullah, Y. Sheena Mary, Y. Shyma Mary, Sreejit Soman, M. Thirunavukkarasu und Hyung Wook Kwon. „DFT investigations on conformational analysis, solvation effects, reactivity studies, chemical descriptors and docking of two anti‐cancerous drugs, Lenvatinib and Regorafenib“. Vietnam Journal of Chemistry 60, Nr. 5 (19.07.2022): 636–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/vjch.202200013.
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AbstractTwo anticancer drugs, lenvatinib (LNTB) and regorafenib (RGFB) are evaluated for their solvent effects, wavefunction reactivity properties and different chemical descriptors by means of theoretical methods. Potential energy surface scan studies about all possible rotable bonds are performed and lowest energy conformations of LNTB and RGFB are for the torsion angles C25‐C24‐C29‐N9 and C25‐N10‐C15‐C21. Reactive sites are O and N, H atoms, giving nucleophilic and electrophilic attacks for both the molecules. Solvation free energies are calculated in different solvents and all solvents are suitble except heptane. Electron densities of LNTB and RGFB show that closed‐shell interactions are in different regions. The intramolecular hydrogen bonds of the compounds LNTB and RGFB are found at O2‐H38, Cl1‐H37 & O5‐H47 and F2‐H38, N11‐H45, O7‐H35 & O7‐H37, respectively. Due to anticancer activities, LNTB and RGFB are docked with different proteins which give binding affinities from ‐8.4 to ‐10.5 for RGFB and ‐7.9 to ‐10.1 kcal/mol for LNTB.
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Ehi-Eromosele, Cyril O., J. A. O. Olugbuyiro, A. Edobor-Osoh, A. A. Adebisi, O. A. Bamgboye und J. Ojeifo. „Magneto-Structural and Antimicrobial Properties of Sodium Doped Lanthanum Manganite Magnetic Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications: Influence of Silica Coating“. Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering 37 (Juni 2018): 117–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jbbbe.37.117.
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Coating of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) is usually a requirement prior to their utilization in biomedical applications. However, coating can influence the magneto-structural properties of MNPs thereby imparting their applications. The present work highlights the combustion synthesis of Na-doped lanthanum manganites (LNMO) and the influence of silica coatings on the magneto-structural properties, colloidal stability and antimicrobial properties of LNMO MNPs with their biomedical applications in mind. The crystalline perovskite structure was the same both for the bare and silica coated LNMO samples while there was a slight increase in crystallite size after coating. The FTIR spectral analysis, reduction in agglomeration of the particles and the elemental composition of the coated nanoparticles confirmed the presence of silica. The magnetization values of 34 emu/g and 29 emu/g recorded for bare and coated LNMO samples, respectively show that LNMO MNPs retained its ferromagnetic behaviour after silica coating. The pH dependent zeta potentials of the coated sample is-22.20 mV at pH 7.4 (physiological pH) and-18 mV at pH 5.0 (cell endosomal pH). Generally, silica coating reduced the antibacterial activity of the sample except forBacillussppwhere the antibacterial activity was the same with the bare sample. These results showed that while silica coating had marginal effect on the crystalline structure, size and magnetization of LNMO MNPs, it reduced the antibacterial activity of LNMO MNPs and enhanced greatly the colloidal stability of LNMO nanoparticles. Keywords: Na-doped lanthanum manganites, Silica coating, magnetic nanoparticles, biomedical applications, antimicrobial properties, colloidal stability
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Liu, Chunhao, Lei Zhang, Yuewu Liu, Yu Xia, Yue Cao, Ziwen Liu, Ge Chen et al. „Ultrasonography for the Prediction of High-Volume Lymph Node Metastases in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: Should Surgeons Believe Ultrasound Results?“ World Journal of Surgery 44, Nr. 12 (11.09.2020): 4142–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00268-020-05755-0.
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Abstract Background Lymph node metastasis (LNM) often occurs in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC); the efficacy of ultrasound for predicting high-volume lymph node metastases (LNMs) in patients with PTC remains unexplored. Methods The medical records of 2073 consecutive PTC patients were reviewed. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated to evaluate the efficacy of ultrasound. Risk factors for LNM/high-volume LNMs and lymph node involvement on ultrasound (usLNM) were identified by univariate and multivariate analyses. Results Of all the patients, 936 (45.2%) patients had LNMs, and 254 (12.3%) patients had high-volume LNMs. The sensitivity of ultrasound for detecting LNM/high-volume LNMs was 27.9% and 63.8%, respectively; the specificity was 93.1% and 90.3%, respectively. The NPV for ultrasound in detecting high-volume LNMs was 94.7%. In multivariate analysis, male sex (OR = 2.108, p < 0.001), tumor diameter > 1.0 cm (OR = 2.304, p < 0.001) and usLNM (+) (OR = 12.553, p < 0.001) were independent clinical risk factors for high-volume LNMs. Tumor diameter > 1 cm (OR = 3.036, p < 0.001) and male sex (OR = 1.642, p < 0.001) were independent clinical risk factors for usLNM; a skilled sonographer (OR = 1.121, p = 0.358) was not significantly associated with usLNM. Conclusions Lymph node involvement found by ultrasound has great predictive value for high-volume LNMs; the NPV is very high for patients without lymph node involvement on ultrasound. The ultrasound results do not appear to be influenced by the experience of the sonographer.
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Karstens, Karl-F., Tarik Ghadban, Katharina Effenberger, Guido Sauter, Klaus Pantel, Jakob R. Izbicki, Yogesh Vashist, Alexandra König und Matthias Reeh. „Lymph Node and Bone Marrow Micrometastases Define the Prognosis of Patients with pN0 Esophageal Cancer“. Cancers 12, Nr. 3 (04.03.2020): 588. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers12030588.
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Background: Pathological routine lymph node staging is postulated to be the main oncological prognosticator in esophageal cancer (EC). However, micrometastases in lymph nodes (LNMM) and bone marrow (BNMM) are discussed as the key events in tumor recurrence. We assessed the prognostic significance of the LNMM/BNMM status in initially pN0 staged patients with curative esophagectomy. Methods: From 110 patients bone marrow aspirates and lymph node tissues were analyzed. For LNMM detection immunohistochemistry was performed using the anticytokeratin antibody AE1/AE3. To detect micrometastases in the bone marrow a staining with the pan-keratin antibody A45-B/B3 was done. Results were correlated with clinicopathologic parameters as well as recurrence and death during follow-up time. Results: Thirty-eight (34.5%) patients showed LNMM, whereas in 54 (49.1%) patients BNMM could be detected. LNMM and BNMM positive patients showed a correlation to an increased pT category (p = 0.017). Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that the LNMM/BNMM status and especially LNMM skipping the anatomical lymph node chain were significant independent predictors of overall survival and recurrence-free survival. Conclusions: This study indicates that routine pathological staging of EC is insufficient. Micrometastases in lymph nodes and the bone marrow seem to be the main reason for tumor recurrence and they are a strong prognosticator following curative treatment of pN0 EC.
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Müller, Hanne, Terje Grande, Øystein Ahlstrøm und Anders Skrede. „A diet rich in phosphatidylethanolamine increases plasma homocysteine in mink: a comparison with a soyabean oil diet“. British Journal of Nutrition 94, Nr. 5 (November 2005): 684–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn20051549.
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The effects of high dietary levels of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) on plasma concentrations of homocysteine (tHcy) have not previously been studied. Eighteen mink (Mustela vison) studied were fed one of three diets during a 25d period in a parallel-group design. The compared diets had 0, 17 and 67% extracted lipids from natural gas-utilising bacteria (LNGB), which were rich in PE. The group with 0% LNGB was fed a diet of 100% soyabean oil (SB diet). Phospholipids are the main lipid components in LNGB andMethylococcus capsulatusis the main bacteria (90%). The fasting plasma concentration of tHcy was significantly higher when the mink consumed the diet with 67% LNGB than when they consumed the SB diet (P=0·039). A significantly lower glutathione peroxidase activity was observed in mink consuming the 17% LNGB diet or the 67% LNGB diet than was observed in mink fed the SB diet. The lack of significant differences in the level of plasma PE due to the diets indicates that most of the PE from the 67% LNGB diet was converted to phosphatidylcholine (PC) in the liver. It has previously been hypothesised that phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase is an important source of tHcy. The present results indicate that plasma tHcy is at least partly regulated by phospholipid methylation from PE to PC. This methylation reaction is a regulator of physiological importance.
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Abhimanyu, Abhimanyu, Mridula Bose, Astha Giri und Mandira Varma-Basil. „Comparative Genetic Association Analysis of Human Genetic Susceptibility to Pulmonary and Lymph Node Tuberculosis“. Genes 14, Nr. 1 (13.01.2023): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes14010207.
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Background: Tuberculosis (TB) manifests itself primarily in the lungs as pulmonary disease (PTB) and sometimes disseminates to other organs to cause extra-pulmonary TB, such as lymph node TB (LNTB). This study aimed to investigate the role of host genetic polymorphism in immunity related genes to find a genetic basis for such differences. Methods: Sixty-three, Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in twenty-three, TB-immunity related genes including eleven innate immunity (SLCA11, VDR, TLR2, TLR4, TLR8, IRGM, P2RX7, LTA4H, SP110, DCSIGN and NOS2A) and twelve cytokine (TNFA, IFNG, IL2, Il12, IL18, IL1B, IL10, IL6, IL4, rs1794068, IL8 and TNFB) genes were investigated to find genetic associations in both PTB and LNTB as compared to healthy community controls. The serum cytokine levels were correlated for association with the genotypes. Results: PTB and LNTB showed differential genetic associations. The genetic variants in the cytokine genes (IFNG, IL12, IL4, TNFB and IL1RA and TLR2, 4 associated with PTB susceptibility and cytokine levels but not LNTB (p < 0.05). Similarly, genetic variants in LTA4H, P2RX7, DCSIGN and SP110 showed susceptibility to LNTB and not PTB. Pathway analysis showed abundance of cytokine related variants for PTB and apoptosis related variants for LNTB. Conclusions: PTB and LNTB outcomes of TB infection have a genetic component and should be considered for any future functional studies or studies on susceptibility to pulmonary and extra-pulmonary TB.
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Zhou, Guo-Jiang, Tao Yu, Yang Zhou und Li-Guo Wei. „Preparation of spherical LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 with core-multilayer shells structure by co-precipitation method and long cycle performance“. E3S Web of Conferences 213 (2020): 01011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021301011.
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As a promising cathode material for lithium ion battemensionalry of high voltage, spinel LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 has attracted interest due to its high discharging voltage at 4.7 V and high energy density of 610 Wh kg-1. In this work, LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 with a new core-multilayer shells structure (LNMO-900) is synthesized successfully by co-precipitation method and shows a better electrochemical performance. The formation of the core-multilayer shells structure is related to the kirkendall effect, the shell maintains structural stability, and improves long cycle performance. Core-multilayer shells structure is also beneficial for transmission of lithium ion, increasing rate performance. The effects of sintering temperature on the performance of LNMO were further investigated. Core-multilayer shells LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 is synthesized successfully at 900 °C for 12 h uniquely. From the integral calculation of XPS spectra, a higher content of Mn4+ is observed in the outer shell of LNMO-900 compared with other homogeneous solid particles. The discharge specific capacity of LNMO-900 is 129.3 mAh g-1 at 1 C which is superior to others, and after 1000 cycles, LNMO-900 shows capacity retention of 87.9%. The initial capacity of LNMO-900 is 104.9 mAh g-1 at 5 C.
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Yamamoto, Atsushi, und Hirotaka Okamoto. „Abstract 3466: Prognostic implications of lymph node micrometastasis in patients with gastric cancer“. Cancer Research 84, Nr. 6_Supplement (22.03.2024): 3466. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2024-3466.
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Abstract Purpose: The clinical significance of lymph node micrometastasis (LNMM) remains controversial in gastric cancer (GC). In this study, we investigated the prognostic impact of patients with LNMM GC.Methods: A total of 624 patients with pathologically lymph node metastasis negative (pN0) and N1 status (pN1) who underwent gastrectomy between 2004 and 2018 were enrolled in this retrospective study. The diameter of tumor cell clusters in metastatic lymph nodes was measured in 120 patients with pN1 GC. Results: Patients with lymph node tumors of diameter < 1500 μm (LNMM) had significantly better prognosis than those with tumors of diameter ≥ 1500 μm (p = 0.012; log-rank test). Cox’s proportional hazards model revealed that LNMM (p = 0.016), several dissected lymph nodes (p = 0.049), and the provision of adjuvant chemotherapy (p = 0.002) were independent prognostic factors for overall survival of patients with pN1 GC. There was no significant difference in overall survival between patients with LNMM who received chemotherapy and those who did not (p = 0.332). Conclusions: LNMM is associated with favorable prognosis and could be an independent prognostic marker in patients with pN1 GC. LNMM in GC may be considered as one of the factors preventing adjuvant chemotherapy. Citation Format: Atsushi Yamamoto, Hirotaka Okamoto. Prognostic implications of lymph node micrometastasis in patients with gastric cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 3466.
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Gayatri Jaya Putri, Putu Diva, Fathul Djannah und Triana Dyah Cahyawati. „Hubungan antara Jenis Kelamin dengan Eksperesi MIF (Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor) pada Limfadenitis Tuberkulosis di Nusa Tenggara Barat“. Lombok Medical Journal 1, Nr. 2 (01.04.2022): 100–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/lmj.v1i2.1550.
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Latar Belakang: Sekitar 20-25% kasus tuberkulosis terjadi di luar paru sehingga dapat dikategorikan sebagai extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB). EPTB dapat disebabkan oleh penyebaran Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) keluar dari paru-paru. Salah satu EPTB yang sering terjadi adalah limfadenitis tuberkulosis (LNTB). Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) sebagai faktor proinflamasi sering dikaitkan dengan kejadian LNTB. Ekspresi MIF seseorang dapat dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, salah satunya adalah jenis kelamin yang sering dikaitkan pada kasus LNTB dikarenakan perbandingan jumlah penderita laki laki dibanding wanita.
Metode: Desain penelitian analitik konservatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional yang diperoleh dari rekam medis pasien LNTB di Nusa Tenggara Barat. Besar sampel penelitian ini berjumlah 100 yang dianalisis dengan uji kontingensi koefisien.
Hasil: Berdasarkan analisis statistik uji kontingensi koefisien didapatkan nilai Asymp. Sig. sebesar 0,745 dan koefisien korelasi r sebesar 0,32.
Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara jenis kelamin pada dengan ekspresi MIF pada penderita LNTB di Nusa Tenggara Barat.
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Stephens, Charles W., Robert D. Clark und Ronald D. Kaplan. „Neuropsychological performance of emotionally disturbed students on the LNNB and LNNB-C“. Journal of School Psychology 28, Nr. 4 (Dezember 1990): 301–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-4405(90)90020-8.
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Terkimbi Utoo,, Bernard. „Unsure Last Normal Menstrual Period among Pregnant Women in Low Resource Setting: The Experience from Federal Teaching Hospital Gombe, North-Eastern Nigeria“. Women Health Care and Issues 5, Nr. 6 (30.11.2022): 01–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2642-9756/133.
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Background: The proper management of any pregnancy depends on the accurate determination of the gestational age. In resource constrained environment where imaging techniques may not be readily available, accessible and affordable, the knowledge of menstrual period is key. Unfortunately, some of the pregnant women at antenatal clinics do not know their last normal menstrual period (LNMP). Aim/Objectives: This research was designed to ascertain the proportion of women who do not know their LNMP and associated factors. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study involving antenatal attendees at the booking clinic of the Federal Teaching Hospital Gombe. Data such as socio-demographics, knowledge of dates/associated factors and willingness to remember the menstrual period subsequently was collected through a structured questionnaire from 1st March to 31st August 2022 and analysis done with IBM® SPSS® statistical Inc., Armonk, New York, USA software version 25 for analysis. Qui-square used as a test of statistics and the results presented in charts, graphs and tables. Results: Out of the 350 respondents 181(51.7%) knew their LNMP, while 169(48.3%) did not know. However, as much as 70.6% of the respondents knew that LNMP is used to date pregnancy. Reasons for not knowing dates included; not just keeping records of dates (25.4%), ignorance of Gregorian calendar (13.0%), on contraceptives when pregnancy was identified (10.7%), no reason (8.3%), was breastfeeding (6.5%), among several others. Surprisingly, 32% did not know the problems that may arise due to ignorance of LNMP. Majority (90.0%) of the respondents are willing to remember their LNMP in the next pregnancy. Women ≤ 19years and ≥ 40 years (p=0.004), lower level of education (p=0.004), Grand-multiparity (p=0.035), more than 4 living children (p=0.02) and rural dwellers (p=0.001) were more likely not to know their LNMP. Conclusion: The study showed 48.3% of the women were ignorant of their LNMP. The associated factors were extreme of ages, low level of education, grand multi-parity, having more than 4 living children and rural place of residence. Going forward, majority of the women accepted to remember their LNMP.
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Yang, Tingting, Chi-Te Chin, Ching-Hsiang Cheng und Jinsheng Zhao. „Enhancing the Electrochemical Performance of High Voltage LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 Cathode Materials by Surface Modification with Li1.3Al0.3Ti1.7(PO4)3/C“. Nanomaterials 13, Nr. 4 (05.02.2023): 628. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13040628.
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A novel method for surface modification of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO) was proposed, in which a hybrid layer combined by Li1.3Al0.3Ti1.7(PO4)3 (LATP) and carbon (C) composite on LNMO material were connected by lithium iodide. Structure and morphology analyses illustrated that a higher contact area of active substances was achieved by the LATP/C composite layer without changing the original crystal structure of LNMO. XPS analysis proved that I− promoted the reduction of trace Mn4+, resulting in a higher ion conductivity. Galvanostatic charge–discharge tests exhibited the capacity of the LNMO with 5% LATP/C improved with 35.83% at 25 °C and 95.77% at 50 °C, respectively, compared with the bare after 100 cycles, implying the modification of high-temperature deterioration. EIS results demonstrated that one order of magnitude of improvement of the lithium-ion diffusion coefficient of LATP/C-LNMO was achieved (3.04 × 10−11 S cm−1). In conclusion, the effective low-temperature modification strategy improved the ionic and electronic conductivities of the cathode and suppressed the side reactions of high-temperature treatment.
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Wang, Jing, Weiqing Lin, Bihe Wu und Jinbao Zhao. „Porous LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 sphere as 5 V cathode material for lithium ion batteries“. J. Mater. Chem. A 2, Nr. 39 (2014): 16434–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ta02903h.
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A new type of microsized porous spherical LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO-Air) cathode material for a lithium ion secondary battery has been synthesized by an impregnation method using highly reactive nanocupule MnO2 spheres as the manganese source. These LNMO-Air spheres are aggregates of nanosized polyhedron particles with well-defined cubic spinel structure. They showed excellent rate capability and cycle stability, compared with other microspheres of LNMO.
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Nagtegaal, Iris D., Nikki Knijn, Niek Hugen, Helen C. Marshall, Kenichi Sugihara, Tibor Tot, Hideki Ueno und Philip Quirke. „Tumor Deposits in Colorectal Cancer: Improving the Value of Modern Staging—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis“. Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, Nr. 10 (01.04.2017): 1119–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2016.68.9091.
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Purpose Colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment is largely determined by tumor stage. Despite improvements made in the treatment of various types of metastatic disease, staging has not been refined. The role of tumor deposits (TDs) in staging remains debated. We have assessed the relation of TDs with metastatic pattern to evaluate whether TDs might add significant new information to staging. Methods We performed a systematic literature search that was focused on the role of TDs in CRC. Studies with neoadjuvant-treated patients were excluded. Data on stage, histologic factors, and outcome were extracted. Data from four large cohorts were analyzed for the relevance of the presence of TDs, lymph node metastases (LNMs), and extramural vascular invasion (EMVI) on the pattern of metastases and outcomes. Results Of 10,106 included patients with CRC, 22% presented with TDs. TDs are invariably associated with poor outcome. Presence of TDs was associated with presence of LNMs and EMVI. In a pairwise comparison, effects of TD were stronger than those of both LNMs and EMVI. In the logistic regression model, TDs in combination with LNMs is the strongest predictor for liver (odds ratio [OR], 5.5), lung (OR, 4.3) and peritoneal metastases (OR, 7.0). Presence of EMVI adds information for liver and lung metastases, but not for peritoneal metastases. Conclusion We have shown that TDs are not equal to LNMs or EMVI with respect to biology and outcome. We lose valuable prognostic information by allocating TDs into nodal category N1c and only considering TDs in the absence of LNMs. Therefore, we propose that the number of TDs should be added to the number of LNMs to derive a final N stage.
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Stüble, Pirmin, Holger Geßwein, Sylvio Indris, Marcus Müller und Joachim R. Binder. „On the electrochemical properties of the Fe–Ti doped LNMO material LiNi0.5Mn1.37Fe0.1Ti0.03O3.95“. Journal of Materials Chemistry A 10, Nr. 16 (2022): 9010–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2ta00299j.
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While maintaining a uniform morphology, the crystal chemistry of a Fe–Ti doped LNMO-material (LNMFTO) is varied systematically. Promising electrochemical properties are found and some long established assumptions about LNMO materials are challenged.
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Han, Yi, Ning Xiao, Shaojung Huang, Ming Qin, Nanying Che und Zhidong Liu. „The Application of Xpert Mycobacterium tuberculosis/Rifampicin, Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction and High Resolution Melting Curve in the Diagnosis of Superficial Lymph Node TB.“ Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology 20, Nr. 12 (18.10.2019): 1044–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389201020666190716104131.
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Objective: The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of conventional methods for superficial lymph node tuberculosis (LNTB) are not ideal. We evaluated several novel methods including Xpert Mycobacterium tuberculosis/rifampicin (Xpert MTB/RIF) technology, quantitative fluorescence Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) and High-Resolution Melting Curve (HRMC) in the diagnosis of superficial lymph node TB. Methods: Specimens from eighty-one consecutive patients with suspected LNTB and thirteen cases with other lymph node disease were analyzed by Xpert MTB/RIF, qPCR, and HRMC. Results: Among 81 patients with clinical suspicion of LNTB, there were 74 (91.4%) cases positive Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex (MTBC) of Xpert MTB/RIF, 60 (74%) positive of qPCR, 24 (29.6%) of positive of BACTEC MGIT960 culture, and 13 (16%) cases positive of Roche culture. 38 cases (46.9%) were diagnosed with LNTB. All test methods showed a diagnostic specificity of 100% for LNTB. The sensitivity of molecular biology techniques was significantly higher than that of the traditional diagnostic methods, and Xpert MTB/RIF was the most sensitive diagnostic assay. On Rifampinresistant detection, Xpert MTB/RIF detected three cases (3.7%) with rpoB gene mutation, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis susceptibility testing detected 2 rifampicin-resistant cases (2.4%) which were consistent with Xpert MTB/RIF results. In the Isoniazid-resistant, 7 cases (8.1) of isoniazid resistance mutations (8.1%) were detected by HNC and 1 case was confirmed by Isoniazid susceptibility test. Conclusion: Molecular detection increased the diagnostic sensitivity of LNTB and improved the detection sensitivity for rifampin and isoniazid resistance strain.
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Zhou, Yu, Dongming Liu, Mingru Su, Aichun Dou und Yunjian Liu. „Comparison of fluorine sources on the electrochemical property of Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 cathode materials“. Functional Materials Letters 13, Nr. 05 (15.06.2020): 2050027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793604720500277.
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Li-rich nickel manganese oxide materials are promising cathode materials for their high theoretical capacity and cobalt-free property. However, the poor cycle and rate performance still hamper their commercial application. In this study, fluorine-doped Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 (LNMO) materials have been prepared successfully with different fluorine sources. XRD results verified that the (003) and (104) peaks of F-doped samples slightly shift to the lower diffraction angle than bare LNMO, and the large lithium slab distance of F-doped samples is beneficial for the transport and diffusion of Li+. The sample with PVDF as fluorine sources exhibits the best electrochemical performance than other F-doped LNMO samples. Specifically, this sample exhibits a high discharge capacity of 213.5[Formula: see text]mAh g−1 at 0.2 C (2.0–4.8 V), corresponding to a capacity retention of 88.7% after 100 cycles. The excellent electrochemical performance is due to the substitution of fluorine for oxygen sites with the host lattice, which can significantly enhance the Li+ migration and stabilize the layer structure of LNMO during the cycle process. These results demonstrated that PVDF was the best fluorine source to facilitate the electrochemical property of LNMO.
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Dong, Tiantian, Huanrui Zhang, Yue Ma, Jianjun Zhang, Xiaofan Du, Chenglong Lu, Xuehui Shangguan et al. „A well-designed water-soluble binder enlightening the 5 V-class LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 cathodes“. Journal of Materials Chemistry A 7, Nr. 42 (2019): 24594–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ta08299a.
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We prepared poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-lithium maleic acid) as a new aqueous binder for LNMO cathodes, endowing as-prepared 5 V-class LNMO/Li batteries better electrochemical performance than the counterpart of PVDF binder.
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Qureshi, Zawar Alam, Hanan Abdurehman Tariq, Abdul Shakoor, Ramazan Kahraman und Siham Al-Qaradawi. „Influence of Cerium Oxide Coating on LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 Microspheres As Cathode in High Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries“. ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, Nr. 3 (09.10.2022): 302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-023302mtgabs.
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Cobalt-free LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (Lithium Nickel Manganese Oxide; LNMO) has attracted much attention as a cathode material due to its high operating voltage, high energy density, lower cost, and environmental friendliness. However, LNMO cathodes are currently suffering from poor cyclability, and capacity degradation at elevated temperatures and high voltages, greatly limiting their large-scale adaptation. To this end, we used a microwave-assisted chemical co-precipitation approach to manufacture pure LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO-P) and CeO2-coated LMNO (LNMO-Ce) microspheres. Cells with these cathodes were cycled between 4.9 V and 3.5 V to study their stability and performance. During cell cycling, the LNMO cell exhibited an initial capacity of 139 mAhg-1 at the C/10 rate with a capacity retention of 82% after 100 cycles. Remarkably, LNMO-Ce exhibits an initial capacity of 169 mAhg-1 with a 92% capacity retention at the same conditions. The microwave-assisted co-precipitation technique enables the development of microspheres with high interfacial stability and tap density, also the addition of protective ceria coating over the cathode enhances the cycling stability of the cathode at high voltage operation. Due to the novel material architecture and synthesis techniques, parasitic reactions at the electrolyte and active electrode material interface are avoided, Mn3+ dissolution is reduced due to the Jahn Teller effect, and conductive pathways are improved, significantly improving the electrochemical performance. When applied to other types of electrode materials, the suggested technique for material production is capable of significantly improving the materials' cyclic performance.
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Ebbehøj, A. L., L. N. Jørgensen, P. M. Krarup und H. G. Smith. „Histopathological risk factors for lymph node metastases in T1 colorectal cancer: meta-analysis“. British Journal of Surgery 108, Nr. 7 (01.07.2021): 769–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjs/znab168.
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Abstract Background National screening programmes increase the proportion of T1 colorectal cancers. Local excision may be possible, but the risk of lymph node metastases (LNMs) could jeopardize long-term outcomes. The aim of the present study was to review the association between histopathological findings and LNMs in T1 colorectal cancer. Methods A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed,Embase, and Cochrane online databases. Studies investigating the association between one or more histopathological factors and LNMs in patients who underwent resection for T1 colorectal cancer were included. Results Sixteen observational studies were included in the meta-analysis, including a total of 10 181 patients, of whom 1 307 had LNMs. Lymphovascular invasion (odds ratio (OR) 7.42; P < 0.001), tumour budding (OR 4.00; P < 0.001), depth of submucosal invasion, whether measured as at least 1000 µm (OR 3.53; P < 0.001) or Sm2–3 (OR 2.12; P = 0.020), high tumour grade (OR 3.75; P < 0.001), polypoid growth pattern (OR 1.59; P = 0.040), and rectal location of tumour (OR 1.36; P = 0.003) were associated with LNMs. Conclusion Distinct histopathological factors associated with nodal metastases in T1 colorectal cancer can aid selection of patients for local excision or major excisional surgery.
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Badami, Pavan, Stephen E. Trask, Anil U. Mane, Jeffrey W. Elam und Daniel P. Abraham. „Negating Crosstalk in High Voltage Spinel (LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4)/ Graphite Full Cellsby Electrode Modifications“. ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, Nr. 3 (09.10.2022): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-023219mtgabs.
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Since its discovery, the high-voltage spinel oxide LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO, sg: Fd-3m) has been widely pursued as a promising cathode for next generation Li-ion batteries due to advantages that include the following: high operating voltage, excellent rate capability and low manufacturing cost (1, 2). However, the LNMO cathode when paired with graphite shows poor capacity retention and increased cell impedance due to oxidation of the organic liquid electrolyte and Mn2+ migration onto the anode (2, 3). Herein, we aim to understand the causes of poor capacity retention in LNMO/graphite full cells and systematically address those issues with various electrode modification strategies. Cycling performance of cells with carbon-nanotube (CNTs) in the LNMO electrode (LNMO-CNT), and with a thin layer of Al2O3 on the graphite electrode (Gr-Al2O3), is examined in half, full and three-electrode cell configurations. The cells with LNMO-CNT electrode show significantly lower cell impedance than cells with LNMO electrodes (without the CNT). Additionally, cells with the Al2O3-coated graphite electrode show improved capacity retention compared to cells with the uncoated graphite. Furthermore, cells containing Li4Ti5O12 anodes display the best capacity retention. We investigate and compare the physiochemical changes in electrodes and electrolyte using various diagnostic techniques; data from these experiments will be reported during the presentation. References : M. M. Thackeray, W. I. F. David, P. G. Bruce and J. B. Goodenough, Materials Research Bulletin, 18, 461 (1983). S. Patoux, L. Daniel, C. Bourbon, H. Lignier, C. Pagano, F. Le Cras, S. Jouanneau and S. Martinet, J Power Sources, 189, 344 (2009). F. Zou, H. C. Nallan, A. Dolocan, Q. Xie, J. Y. Li, B. M. Coffey, J. G. Ekerdt and A. Manthiram, Energy Storage Materials, 43, 499 (2021). Acknowledgements: This document has been created by UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National Laboratory (“Argonne”). Argonne, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
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Dantzler, W. H., und O. H. Brokl. „N1-methylnicotinamide transport by isolated perfused snake proximal renal tubules“. American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 250, Nr. 3 (01.03.1986): F407—F418. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.1986.250.3.f407.
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N1-methylnicotinamide (NMN) transport was studied in isolated perfused snake (Thamnophis spp.) proximal renal tubules. Unidirectional lumen-to-bath (Jl----bNMN) and bath-to-lumen (Jb----lNMN) fluxes saturated. Although Jl----bNMN and Jb----lNMN were similar, mean Jl----bNMN tended to exceed mean Jb----lNMN at all concentrations studied. Direct measurements confirmed a net reabsorptive flux equal to the difference between the unidirectional fluxes. This transport, opposite in direction to tetraethylammonium (TEA) transport, was not inhibited by TEA. Transport into the cells across both the luminal and peritubular membranes during flux measurements was apparently down an electrochemical gradient by a mediated process that was sodium dependent. Inhibition with NMN analogues suggested that transport into the cells across the luminal membrane during Jl----bNMN was more specific than transport into the cells across the peritubular membrane during Jb----lNMN. Transport out of the cells across both the luminal and peritubular membranes during flux measurements was apparently against an electrochemical gradient.
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Lin, Yan, Juho Välikangas, Rafal Sliz, Palanivel Molaiyan, Tao Hu und Ulla Lassi. „Optimized Morphology and Tuning the Mn3+ Content of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 Cathode Material for Li-Ion Batteries“. Materials 16, Nr. 8 (15.04.2023): 3116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16083116.
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The advantages of cobalt-free, high specific capacity, high operating voltage, low cost, and environmental friendliness of spinel LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO) material make it one of the most promising cathode materials for next-generation lithium-ion batteries. The disproportionation reaction of Mn3+ leads to Jahn–Teller distortion, which is the key issue in reducing the crystal structure stability and limiting the electrochemical stability of the material. In this work, single-crystal LNMO was synthesized successfully by the sol-gel method. The morphology and the Mn3+ content of the as-prepared LNMO were tuned by altering the synthesis temperature. The results demonstrated that the LNMO_110 material exhibited the most uniform particle distribution as well as the presence of the lowest concentration of Mn3+, which was beneficial to ion diffusion and electronic conductivity. As a result, this LNMO cathode material had an optimized electrochemical rate performance of 105.6 mAh g−1 at 1 C and cycling stability of 116.8 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C after 100 cycles.
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Hu, Tao, Yan Lin, Pekka Tynjälä, Shubo Wang, Gayathri Peta, Harishchandra Singh, Doron Aurbach und Ulla Lassi. „A Scalable Approach to Synthesize Cobalt-Free LNMO Cathode Materials for High Energy Density Lithium Ion Batteries“. ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-02, Nr. 8 (22.12.2023): 3359. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-0283359mtgabs.
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The rapid growing demand for electric vehicles (EVs) has highlighted the need for high-energy-density batteries. The cathode material plays a vital role in achieving this goal[1]. As the limitations of cathode capacity improvement are approached, the pursuit for high-voltage materials becomes a viable option[2]. Lithium nickel manganese oxide LNMO (LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4) stands out due to its remarkable attributes including a substantial reversible capacity, excellent thermal stability, cost-effectiveness, environmental friendliness, and a high energy density[3]. Moreover, its cobalt-free composition aligns with sustainability objectives. Despite extensive research, the large-scale production and deployment of LNMO remain formidable challenges. In this study an industrially applicable co-precipitation method-based scalable synthesis strategy is introduced. The LNMO spheres with controlled various sizes and morphologies were successfully fabricated by adjusting the pH environment during synthesis carefully (Fig. 1A). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed the presence of uniformly spherical particles with dimensions of appr. 6, 9, and 14 µm and unique morphological characteristics (Fig. 1Ad-f). Synchrotron X-ray diffraction (SXRD) of LNMO samples revealed a deviation from the optimal Ni-to-Mn ratio of 1:3 (Fig. 1B)[4,5]. This variation results from the pH-dependent metal ion precipitation dynamics during synthesis, introducing a fascinating dimension to LNMO material fabrication. As potential cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries, these samples underwent a thorough electrochemical evaluation as part of our research. Among the synthesized LNMO samples, LNMO-9 demonstrated the most promising specific capacity, surpassing approximately 138 mAh/g and working under high voltage of 4.75 V (Fig. 1C). Furthermore, the characterizations of the materials were also thoroughly investigated by a variety of advanced characterization techniques, including Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). This research reveals a strategy for synthesizing LNMO materials with certain regulated features and presents a successful strategy for industrial manufacturing as well. Particularly in the context of the EV industry, this research acquires critical significance in answering the growing demand for high-performance, sustainable energy storage systems. Fig. 1 (A) Illustration of the synthesis process of LNMO-x samples with SEM images of (a‒c) NiMn-x precursors and (d‒f) LNMO-x products. (B) SXRD patterns with Rietveld refinements and (C) charge/discharge profile of LNMO-x samples. Reference [1] H.-H. Ryu, G.-C. Kang, R. Ismoyojati, G.-T. Park, F. Maglia, Y.-K. Sun, Intrinsic weaknesses of Co-free Ni–Mn layered cathodes for electric vehicles, Materials Today. (2022) S1369702122000645. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mattod.2022.03.005. [2] T. Liu, A. Dai, J. Lu, Y. Yuan, Y. Xiao, L. Yu, M. Li, J. Gim, L. Ma, J. Liu, C. Zhan, L. Li, J. Zheng, Y. Ren, T. Wu, R. Shahbazian-Yassar, J. Wen, F. Pan, K. Amine, Correlation between manganese dissolution and dynamic phase stability in spinel-based lithium-ion battery, Nat Commun. 10 (2019) 4721. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-12626-3. [3] Y. Xue, L.-L. Zheng, J. Wang, J.-G. Zhou, F.-D. Yu, G.-J. Zhou, Z.-B. Wang, Improving Electrochemical Performance of High-Voltage Spinel LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 Cathode by Cobalt Surface Modification, ACS Appl. Energy Mater. 2 (2019) 2982–2989. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.9b00564. [4] A. Gomez, G. Dina, S. Kycia, The high-energy x-ray diffraction and scattering beamline at the Canadian Light Source, Review of Scientific Instruments. 89 (2018) 063301. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5017613. [5] H.M. Rietveld, A profile refinement method for nuclear and magnetic structures, J Appl Crystallogr. 2 (1969) 65–71. https://doi.org/10.1107/S0021889869006558. Figure 1
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Puente, A. E., und J. Rodenbough. „LNNB performance in schizophrenia subgroups“. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 1, Nr. 3 (01.01.1986): 278. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/1.3.278.
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Zhu, Xudong, Jinhang Wang und Yunchao Chen. „A Lightweight Neighbor-Info-Based Routing Protocol for No-Base-Station Taxi-Call System“. Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/601913.
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Since the quick topology change and short connection duration, the VANET has had unstable routing and wireless signal quality. This paper proposes a kind of lightweight routing protocol-LNIB for call system without base station, which is applicable to the urban taxis. LNIB maintains and predicts neighbor information dynamically, thus finding the reliable path between the source and the target. This paper describes the protocol in detail and evaluates the performance of this protocol by simulating under different nodes density and speed. The result of evaluation shows that the performance of LNIB is better than AODV which is a classic protocol in taxi-call scene.
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Yao, Wang, Danjv Lv, Xin Huang, Jiali Zi, Mingyuan Gao, Rui Xi und Yan Zhang. „Layered Convolutive Nonnegative Matrix Factorization for Speech Separation“. Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2258, Nr. 1 (01.04.2022): 012020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2258/1/012020.
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Abstract Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) has attracted significant attention for its good performance in single-channel speech separation. The improved algorithms of NMF have become research hotspots. Layered NMF (LNMF), an improved algorithm, can express the source signal more accurately for its multilayer structure. However, LNMF sometimes performs poorly because it ignores the short-term correlation of speech signals. Based on LNMF and the advantages of Convolutive NMF (CNMF), we proposed a Layered Convolutive NMF(LCNMF) algorithm for single-channel speech separation. The LCNMF corporates the multilayer structure into the NMF and expands the convolution of the top-level NMF model. During the training, NMF is used to learn the non-top-level basis matrices, and CNMF is used to learn the top-level basis matrix, then combined with each single-layer of basis matrix. During the prediction, CNMF is used to separate mixed signals. The results on the dataset MIK-1K showed that LCNMF outperformed NMF and LNMF for separating the mixture of single-channel speech signals. LCNMF improved by 0.019, 1.049dB, 1.305dB, and 0.851dB on average compared with NMF, and improved by 0.007, 0.172dB, 0.090dB, and 0.366dB on average compared with LNMF in sort-term objective intelligibility (STOI), Source to Distortion Ratio (SDR), Source to Interference Ratio (SIR) and Source to Artifacts Ratio (SAR)
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Rath, Purna Chandra, und Jeng-Kuei Chang. „High-Voltage Graphite//LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 Full Cell with Bis(fluorosulfonyl)Imide and bis(trifluoromethyl)Sulfonylimide Ionic Liquid Electrolytes“. ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-02, Nr. 2 (22.12.2023): 326. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-022326mtgabs.
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Room-temperature ionic liquids (ILs) are a promising type of lithium-ion battery (LIB) electrolyte owing to their wide electrochemical stability windows, high thermal stability, non-volatility, and environmental friendliness. Particularly, bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (FSI−)-based ILs are appealing due to their high ionic conductivity, low viscosity, and excellent anode compatibility. Nevertheless, the strong corrosivity of FSI− toward the Al current collector at high operating potential is a major concern and needs to be addressed. Three strategies have been adopted in this work to overcome this limitation. The effects of IL composition on the electrochemical properties of the LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO) cathode and graphite anode are investigated. First, Li+ fractions are modulated in the N-propyl-N-methylpyrrolidinium−FSI (PMP−FSI) IL. We find that simply increasing the LiFSI concentration (even to 3.2 m) in the PMP−FSI IL electrolyte cannot effectively inhibit Al corrosion, leading to a low charge-discharge Coulombic efficiency (CE) of the LNMO electrode. Second, increasing the bis(trifluoromethyl)sulfonylimide (TFSI−)/FSI− molar ratio leads to a reduced rate capability of the LNMO cathode and a unsatisfactory compatibility with the graphite anode. Finally, we propose a Li+/TFSI−/FSI− modulation concept to optimize the IL electrolyte. The optimal 2.4 m LiTFSI/PMP−FSI IL electrolyte minimizes the corrosion current of the Al substrate at 5 V. Moreover, the relatively high Li+ and FSI− content ensures superior charge-discharge properties of both the LNMO and graphite electrodes. A high reversible capacity of approximately 135 mAh g–1 at 0.1 C based on LNMO is verified for a graphite//LNMO full cell. This cell is able to retain ~85% of its initial capacity after 200 cycles. The obtained experimental results can guide the development of IL electrolytes for high-reliability LIBs.
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Ogbanje, Christopher Elaigwu, und Charles Pius Okpe. „MONETARY POLICY AND AGRICULTURAL SECTOR PERFORMANCE IN NIGERIA: A GRANGER CAUSALITY APPROACH“. International Journal of Economic Policy 2, Nr. 1 (20.07.2022): 54–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/ijecop.937.
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Purpose: The agricultural sector provides a formidable basis for the Nigeria’s economic diversification. To achieve this in the short-run, to start with, the use of appropriate monetary policy instruments is indispensable. Hence, this study examined the short-run causality between monetary policy and agricultural sector performance. Methodology: Time series data for the study were obtained from the Central Bank of Nigeria between 1981 and 2020. The monetary policy instruments in the model were money supply (MS), monetary rediscount rate (MR), exchange rate (ER), prime lending rate (PR) and agricultural sector implicit price deflator (ASI) while agricultural sector performance was proxied by the gross domestic product for the sector. After first differencing, the Augmented Dickey-Fuller test confirmed the stationarity of the variables. Optimal lag selection-order recommended four lags. The vector autoregressive model, pairwise Granger causality test and Wald coefficient test were used to show the robustness and validation of the causality test. Findings: The result shows that the t-statistics of LnMS (2.70), LnMR (3.00), LnER (2.05) and LnPR (3.53) were statistically significant (p<0.05), suggesting bidirectional relationship between monetary policy and agricultural sector performance. There was a unidirectional causality running from LnASI to LnASG. It was concluded that monetary policy Granger-caused agricultural sector performance in the short-run. Unique contribution to theory, policy and practice: The study recommended that monetary authorities should note that that changes to MS, MR, ER, PR and ASI would affect ASG and vice versa in the short-run as well as the overall macroeconomic growth; and policy decisions that are aimed at altering ASG would affect MS, MR, ER, PR.
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Rahim, Ahmad Syahmi Abdul, Mohd Zieauddin Kufian, Abdul Kariem Mohd Arof und Zurina Osman. „Variation of Li Diffusion Coefficient during Delithiation of Spinel LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4“. Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology 13, Nr. 1 (28.02.2022): 128–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.33961/jecst.2021.00780.
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For this study, the sol gel method was used to synthesize the spinel LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO) electrode material. Structural, morphological, electrochemical, and kinetic aspects of the LNMO have been characterized. The synthesized LNMO was indexed with the Fd3̄m cubic space group. The excellent capacity retention indicates that the spinel framework of LNMO has the ability to withstand high rate charge-discharge throughout long cycle tests. The Li diffusion coefficient (DLi) changes non-monotonically across three orders of magnitude, from 10−9 to 10−12 cm2 s−1 determined from GITT method. The variation of DLi seemed to be related to three oxidation reactions that happened throughout the charging process. A small dip in DLi at the beginning stage of Li deintercalation is correlated with the oxidation of Mn3+ to Mn4+. While two pronounced DLi minima at 4.7 V and 4.75 V are due to the oxidation of Ni2+/Ni3+ and Ni3+/Ni4+ respectively. The depletion of DLi at the high voltage region is attributed to the occurrence of two successive phase transformation phenomena.
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Muhammad Alfaridzi, Ima Arum Lestarini und Fathul Djannah. „HUBUNGAN GAMBARAN HISTOPATOLOGI DENGAN JUMLAH LEUKOSIT PADA PENDERITA LIMFADENITIS TUBERKULOSIS DI NUSA TENGGARA BARAT TAHUN 2019“. Unram Medical Journal 10, Nr. 1 (31.03.2021): 405–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jk.v10i1.4309.
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Indonesia merupakan negara ke-3 dengan insidensi Tuberkulosis (TB) terbanyak di dunia. Sekitar 15% kasus TB merupakan Extra Pulmonary TB (EPTB) dengan 50% kasus diantaranya merupakan Limfadenitis TB (LNTB). Gambaran histopatologi dari sampel biopsi yang diambil dari limfonodi terdampak memegang peran penting dalam diagnosis penyakit ini dengan mengasilkan gambaran Well Organized Granuloma (WOG) atau Poorly Organized Granuloma (POG). Jumlah leukosit dapat menggambarkan respon imun pada penderita LNTB. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan pendekatan potong lintang. Data diperoleh dengan melakukan dokumentasi rekam medis pasien LNTB yang dirawat di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah (RSUD) Provinsi NTB dan RSUD Kota Mataram dalan rentang waktu Januari 2019-Februari 2020. Total subjek penelitian berjumlah 51 orang. Berdasarkan gambaran histopatologi, 37 sampel termasuk WOG dan 14 sampel termasuk POG. Berdasarkan jumlah leukosit, tidak ada pasien yang mengalami leukopenia, 39 pasien mempunyai jumlah leukosit yang normal, dan 12 pasien mengalami leukositosis. Hasil dari uji korelasi Spearman didapatkan p = 0,005 dan r = 0,384. Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara gambaran histopatologi dengan jumlah leukosit pada penderita LNTB di NTB pada Januari 2019-Februari 2020. Korelasi tersebut bersifat lemah.
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Malavolta, Laura, Antonio Terella, Francesca De Giorgio und Catia Arbizzani. „Improved Adhesion of Nafion™-Coated Separator to Water-Processable LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 Electrodes“. Batteries 6, Nr. 2 (11.05.2020): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/batteries6020028.
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The adhesion between electrode and separator is a key feature in cell assembly. Nafion™-coated separators for water-processed LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO) electrodes are here proposed as an alternative to the polyolefin separators. Specifically, polyolefin separators are modified with Nafion™ solutions and their adhesion to high-potential LNMO electrodes is investigated. The physicochemical properties of the Nafion™-coated separator and its electrochemical performance in Li/LNMO cells are discussed and compared to those obtained with polyolefin Celgard® (Charlotte, NC, USA) PP2075 separator. Improved adhesion and cycling stability, which could be further enhanced by a mild lamination process, were demonstrated with a thin layer of Nafion™ (0.1 mg cm−2).
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Chen, Hao-Kai, Rui-Si Liu, Yi-Xuan Wang, En-Xiang Quan, Yuan-Hua Liu und Xu-Guang Guo. „Xpert MTB/RIF Assay for the Diagnosis of Lymph Node Tuberculosis in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis“. Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, Nr. 15 (08.08.2022): 4616. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11154616.
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Background: Lymph node tuberculosis (LNTB) is the leading type of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) causing death in children. The Xpert MTB/RIF assay is a novel rapid test for the diagnosis of LNTB. Although previous evidence suggests that Xpert is reliably accurate in diagnosing EPTB in children, information is lacking for the specific type of LNTB in children. The aim of this study was to systematically assess the accuracy and reliability of Xpert for the diagnosis of LNTB in children. Methods: We systematically searched four databases, Embase, Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Web of Science, which extracted relevant data according to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data were analyzed by meta-Disc 1.4 and Stata 12.0 software to determine sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), etc. Results: A total of 646 samples from 8 studies were included in the analysis. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, negative likelihood ratio (NLR), positive likelihood ratio (PLR,) and combined diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) of Xpert for all samples were 0.79 (95% CI 0.70, 0.87), 0.90 (95% CI 0.86, 0.92), 0.29 (95% CI 0.19, 0.43), 7.20 (95% CI 3.32, 15.60), and 37.56 (95% CI 13.04, 108.15), respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) of the summary receiver operating characteristic (sROC) curve was 0.9050. Conclusion: Overall, Xpert showed moderate sensitivity and high specificity compared with culture in the diagnosis of LNTB in children. In addition, after analyzing the combined diagnostic odds ratio and positive LR, our study showed that Xpert has excellent diagnostic accuracy.
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Wang, Yan, Guang Yang, Qian Peng und Pei Xiang Lu. „Excellent Electrochemical Performance and Thermal Stability of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 Thin-Film Cathode Prepared by Pulsed Laser Deposition“. Advanced Materials Research 853 (Dezember 2013): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.853.83.
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Lithium secondary batteries using LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO) films as a cathode material were prepared by pulsed laser deposition on stainless steel substrates. X-ray diffraction and Field-emission Scanning Electron Microscope results show that the film deposited at 750°C exhibits good crystallinity with well-defined grains structure. Galvanostatic charge/discharge measurement results revealed that the reversible capacity maintains 116.8mAhg-1 after 100 cycles at 0.5C. It also exhibits excellent rate capability, as the rates increase to 5 and 10 C, about 95.4% and 92.3% of its initial capacity at 0.2C can be retained. In additional, thermal stability of the Al2O3 coated LNMO thin film cathodes were also explored. The high temperature cyclic performance of LNMO thin film electrode was significantly enhanced by the coating.
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LIN, Z. „Current understanding of the σ-bond metathesis reactions of LnMR+R′–H→LnMR′+R–H“. Coordination Chemistry Reviews 251, Nr. 17-20 (September 2007): 2280–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2006.11.006.
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Kuhn, Jens H., Samuel D. Sibley, Colin A. Chapman, Nick J. Knowles, Michael Lauck, Joshua C. Johnson, Cristine Campos Lawson et al. „Discovery of Lanama Virus, a Distinct Member of Species Kunsagivirus C (Picornavirales: Picornaviridae), in Wild Vervet Monkeys (Chlorocebus pygerythrus)“. Viruses 12, Nr. 12 (14.12.2020): 1436. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12121436.
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We report the discovery and sequence-based molecular characterization of a novel virus, lanama virus (LNMV), in blood samples obtained from two wild vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus pygerythrus), sampled near Lake Nabugabo, Masaka District, Uganda. Sequencing of the complete viral genomes and subsequent phylogenetic analysis identified LNMV as a distinct member of species Kunsagivirus C, in the undercharacterized picornavirid genus Kunsagivirus.