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Kulegel, Selin, und Unsal Umdu Topsakal. „Secondary School Students’ Perceptions About Space Camp: Space Camp Turkey“. Journal of Education and Learning 9, Nr. 3 (28.05.2020): 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jel.v9n3p154.
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The aim of this research is to investigate the effects of outdoor learning environments such as space camp on the perceptions of secondary school students about astronomy, career choices, and development of 21st century skills. Izmir space camp trip was organized in 2019. Qualitative study was conducted with secondary school 5th grade students attending the space camp (N = 24). Semi-structured interview form, focus group interview, space camp evaluation form and researcher observation notes were used as data collection tools. Data analysis was evaluated with content analysis and open coding. Students participated in the program of stars and planets adventure. In this program, the participants had the opportunity to use astronaut training simulators that give the feeling of living and working in space, to perform simulated shuttle missions, to learn new information from experts in the field and to get more detailed information about the professions. At the end of the study, it was revealed that out of school learning environments such as space camps had a positive effect on students. As a result of the study, it has been observed that the students perform their duties in a team collaboration in shuttle mission and develop their critical, questioning and thinking skills by experiencing the discussions about the subject with the experts. In addition, the misconception about Pluto was also determined.
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Salam, Madiha. „Psychological Impacts of Architectural Design on Living Spaces“. Journal of Art, Architecture and Built Environment 3, Nr. 2 (16.10.2020): 31–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.32350/jaabe.32.03.
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With the advancement of modern era, architects have seen the architectural spaces as aesthetical masterpieces focusing more on their style, composition, pedigree, form, symbolism, allegory etc and how wonderful they look from the street then their design having an impact on its user and its value in terms of cognitive health, functionality and social determinant of mental and physical wellbeing. It is a well-known fact that our environment and surroundings play a vital role on our moods and health. More aesthetically improved, but not very smartly designed space affects our disposition and vigor. This situation leads to various health issues which can easily be curtailed with the proper use of architectural techniques employed. The Aim of the research paper is to identify the situation on hand around the city of Karachi and to focus upon the fact that people are socially, morally, ethically and physically at a state of ultimate distress and how the environment responsive architectural spaces can be wholesome for the human if they are more nearer to natural instincts then phoniness. The adopted methodology for this research was observational with qualitative comparisons of stakeholders with conversational interviews from the context of Pakistan specifically Karachi. Information for this was gathered through concentrated primary and secondary research methods both qualitative and quantitative.
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Murtini, Titin Woro, Arnis Rochma Harani, Nindita Kresna Murti und Mustika Kusumaning Wardhani. „THE DEVELOPMENT MODEL OF LIVING HOUSES WITH THE MIX USE GENDER-BASED PATTERN (CASE STUDY: KAMPUNG GAJAHMUNGKUR SEMARANG)“. JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURE AND URBANISM 43, Nr. 1 (28.02.2019): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jau.2019.6054.
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The existence of Kampung Jajan Pasar in Gajahmungkur Administrative Village, as the village (kampong) in Semarang City that produces traditional snacks for its commodity, has made its people utilize their living houses as a production room to produce food for home industry. Having limited area and facing the demand to extend the rooms for their home industry, these villagers, mostly females, eventually add another use for rooms of their living houses (mix use). These living houses have become the socio-economic places which describe gender equality (for females) in business related to the utilization of rooms using mix use pattern. This research tries to describe the potency of the villagers and their village that has been appointed as the thematic village with topic scope of adaptation resilience at living house towards the production room function. This result is used as the base for the development model of living houses with the gender-based mix use pattern at Kampung Jajan Pasar in Gajahmungkur, Semarang. The data collecting method were literature studies, observations, interviews, and primary and secondary data extraction. The development of the model used graphic design model and the layout design. The given output is a graphic design model of living houses development based on gender and the layout of environmental space as the center of traditional snacks in Semarang City.
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Sefcik, Justine S., Michelle C. Kondo, Heather Klusaritz, Elisa Sarantschin, Sara Solomon, Abbey Roepke, Eugenia C. South und Sara F. Jacoby. „Perceptions of Nature and Access to Green Space in Four Urban Neighborhoods“. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, Nr. 13 (29.06.2019): 2313. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16132313.
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Health benefits have been linked to spending time outdoors in nature and green space. However, there is some evidence of inequities to accessing safe outdoor space, particularly in low-resource communities. The primary aim of this study is to assess attitudes towards nature and use of green space in urban areas. A secondary aim is to describe perceptions of physician-initiated nature prescriptions that target local pediatric populations. We conducted six focus group interviews with 42 residents who were guardians or caretakers of children living in low-resource neighborhoods in Philadelphia, PA. We analyzed interview data using a conventional content analysis approach. Three major themes emerged: (1) perceived benefits of being in nature (physical and mental health benefits), (2) barriers to time spent in nature (unsafe and undesirable conditions of local parks), and (3) desired features of outdoor green spaces (amenities that would increase park use). Additionally, we describe participants’ reactions to the idea of a pediatrician-delivered prescription for outdoor green space exposure for a child in their care. Adherence to nature prescriptions programs may hinge on local green space resources, as well as experiential and perceptual barriers and facilitators to nature and park accessibility among caregivers tasked with fulfilling a nature prescription for a child in their care.
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Mümken, Sandra Angelika, Paul Gellert, Malte Stollwerck, Julie Lorraine O'Sullivan und Joern Kiselev. „Validation of the German Life-Space Assessment (LSA-D): cross-sectional validation study in urban and rural community-dwelling older adults“. BMJ Open 11, Nr. 7 (Juli 2021): e049926. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049926.
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ObjectivesTo develop a German version of the original University of Alabama at Birmingham Study of Aging Life-Space Assessment (LSA-D) for measurement of community mobility in older adults within the past 4 weeks and to evaluate its construct validity for urban and rural populations of older adults.DesignCross-sectional validation study.SettingTwo study centres in urban and rural German outpatient hospital settings.ParticipantsIn total, N=83 community-dwelling older adults were recruited (n=40 from urban and n=43 from rural areas; mean age was 78.5 years (SD=5.4); 49.4% men).Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe final version of the translated LSA-D was related to limitations in activities and instrumental activities of daily living (ADL/iADL) as primary outcome measure (primary hypothesis); and with sociodemographic factors, functional mobility, self-rated health, balance confidence and history of falls as secondary outcome measures to obtain construct validity. Further descriptive measurements of health included hand grip strength, screening of cognitive function, comorbidities and use of transportation. To assess construct validity, correlations between LSA-D and the primary and secondary outcome measures were examined for the total sample, and urban and rural subsamples using bivariate regression and multiple adjusted regression models. Descriptive analyses of LSA-D included different scoring methods for each region. All parameters were estimated using non-parametric bootstrapping procedure.ResultsIn the multiple adjusted model for the total sample, number of ADL/iADL limitations (β=−0.26; 95% CI=−0.42 to −0.08), Timed Up and Go Test (β=−0.37; 95% CI=−0.68 to −0.14), shared living arrangements (β=0.22; 95% CI=0.01 to 0.44) and history of falls in the past 6 months (β=−0.22; 95% CI=−0.41 to −0.05) showed significant associations with the LSA-D composite score, while living in urban area (β=−0.19; 95% CI=−0.42 to 0.03) and male gender (β=0.15; 95% CI=−0.04 to 0.35) were not significant.ConclusionThe LSA-D is a valid tool for measuring life-space mobility in German community-dwelling older adults within the past 4 weeks in ambulant urban and rural settings.Trial registration numberDRKS00019023.
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Ballesteros-Olza, Mario, Pilar Gracia-de-Rentería und Amelia Pérez-Zabaleta. „Effects on general health associated with beach proximity in Barcelona (Spain)“. Health Promotion International 35, Nr. 6 (27.02.2020): 1406–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/heapro/daaa013.
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Abstract Health benefits of blue spaces have been less studied compared with other urban natural environments. As a type of blue space, beaches are also affected by this lack of evidence, despite their cultural and economic importance in lots of coastal regions all over the world. Based on secondary health data from 3192 participants of the Health Survey of Barcelona 2016, we conducted a logit regression analysis to explore the relationship between people’s general health and beach proximity from their dwelling place, controlling for several health determinants. Our main results suggested that having good general health was less likely for a 1-km increase in the linear distance to the closest beach from people’s dwelling places (OR: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.87, 1.00). Moreover, the probability of having good general health was 45% higher for people living in the first 2 km from the beach (OR: 1.45; 95% CI: 1.01, 2.09), relative to those living >5–10 km from it. Also, these health effects were stronger for people with a low family income. These findings contribute to grow the currently small body of research related to health benefits of beach spaces. Likewise, they encourage fostering the use of these spaces for health promotion in cities, as well as protecting them and improving their accessibility and safety. Further research should lean towards the underlying causes of these health benefits linked to people’s exposure to beach spaces.
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Brooks, Andrew, und Robert A. Francis. „Artificial lawn people“. Environment and Planning E: Nature and Space 2, Nr. 3 (16.04.2019): 548–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2514848619843729.
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This paper explores a new artificial political ecology through a novel digital methodology. The emotional impacts of the replacement of living turfgrass landscapes with synthetic simulacra are researched via a netnography of animated and polarised online discussion. We investigate how the cultural use of domestic lawns has extended into the creation of non-living artificial lawns and how the environmental values of these new landscapes are debated. Synthetic polymer (plastic) grasses are increasingly being used as alternatives to turfgrass in domestic gardens, changing urban ecologies. We examine the emotional landscapes that are reproduced in online discourse. Paul Robbins showed that a certain suite of behaviours constitutes ‘Lawn People’. Here we demonstrate that ‘Artificial Lawn People’ act in reference to cultural expectations of a ‘good’ lawn to produce non-living, homogeneous, green and tidy gardens, yet their actions spark fierce criticism from others who do not value this new synthetic nature. Our research involved analysis of 948 online discussion posts, and introduces a secondary notion of ‘artificial people’ as our subjects were anonymous contributors to virtual public debates on the environment: generating impassioned polyvocal contestation. Mumsnet.com is a space of heated discussion between proponents and opponents of artificial lawns. We identify three topics: (i) emotional responses: artificial grass is polarising, and its social value contested; (ii) bio-physical affects: plastic fibres impact human and non-human life and (iii) environmental values: turfgrass replacement influences local and global political ecologies. The conclusions shed light on the dynamic relationships between the emotional values of living and non-living landscapes.
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Walworth, Nathan, Ulrike Pfreundt, William C. Nelson, Tracy Mincer, John F. Heidelberg, Feixue Fu, John B. Waterbury et al. „Trichodesmiumgenome maintains abundant, widespread noncoding DNA in situ, despite oligotrophic lifestyle“. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, Nr. 14 (23.03.2015): 4251–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1422332112.
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Understanding the evolution of the free-living, cyanobacterial, diazotrophTrichodesmiumis of great importance because of its critical role in oceanic biogeochemistry and primary production. Unlike the other >150 available genomes of free-living cyanobacteria, only 63.8% of theTrichodesmium erythraeum(strain IMS101) genome is predicted to encode protein, which is 20–25% less than the average for other cyanobacteria and nonpathogenic, free-living bacteria. We use distinctive isolates and metagenomic data to show that low coding density observed in IMS101 is a common feature of theTrichodesmiumgenus, both in culture and in situ. Transcriptome analysis indicates that 86% of the noncoding space is expressed, although the function of these transcripts is unclear. The density of noncoding, possible regulatory elements predicted inTrichodesmium, when normalized per intergenic kilobase, was comparable and twofold higher than that found in the gene-dense genomes of the sympatric cyanobacterial generaSynechococcusandProchlorococcus, respectively. ConservedTrichodesmiumnoncoding RNA secondary structures were predicted between most culture and metagenomic sequences, lending support to the structural conservation. Conservation of these intergenic regions in spatiotemporally separatedTrichodesmiumpopulations suggests possible genus-wide selection for their maintenance. These large intergenic spacers may have developed during intervals of strong genetic drift caused by periodic blooms of a subset of genotypes, which may have reduced effective population size. Our data suggest that transposition of selfish DNA, low effective population size, and high-fidelity replication allowed the unusual “inflation” of noncoding sequence observed inTrichodesmiumdespite its oligotrophic lifestyle.
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Lewis, Kelly S., und Wade M. Mueller. „Intrathecal Baclofen for Severe Spasticity Secondary to Spinal Cord Injury“. Annals of Pharmacotherapy 27, Nr. 6 (Juni 1993): 767–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/106002809302700618.
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OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the use of intrathecal baclofen for the treatment of muscle spasticity in patients with spinal cord injury. DATA SOURCES: A MEDLINE search was used to identify relevant and pertinent literature. Information was obtained from open-label clinical trials, abstracts, conference proceedings, and review articles. Index terms in the search included baclofen, spasticity, intrathecal drug infusion, spinal cord disease, and neurosurgery. DATA EXTRACTION: Studies were selected for review if they evaluated intrathecal baclofen in patients with spinal cord injury. Emphasis was placed on human studies published in the English language. Trials were reviewed by dosage regimen, therapeutic response, adverse effects, and complications. DATA SYNTHESIS: Thus far, intrathecal baclofen administration shows promise in the treatment of spasticity resulting from spinal cord trauma. Few complications and adverse effects have been reported. CONCLUSIONS: Muscle spasms and spasticity constitute a significant problem in spinal cord injuries, interfering with rehabilitation and leading to inconveniences and complications in these patients. Oral baclofen is the drug of choice for spasticity due to spinal cord trauma. It often is ineffective, however, because of the large dosages required to cross the blood-brain barrier and the subsequent appearance of central nervous system adverse effects. These adverse effects are not tolerated by many patients. Intrathecally administered baclofen has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of spasticity in patients with spinal cord injury who are refractory to or cannot tolerate oral baclofen. It is intended for use only in implantable pumps approved by the FDA for the administration of baclofen into the intrathecal space. Intrathecal administration achieves high concentrations in the spinal cord with small dosages, thus reducing the incidence of central nervous system adverse effects. To date, approximately 350 patients with spinal cord injury have been treated with intrathecal baclofen. Reductions in spasticity have been demonstrated in both open-label and placebo-controlled trials. Patients also often make substantial gains in activities of daily living. Few adverse effects and complications have been reported. However, tolerance to the clinical effects of intrathecal baclofen has been reported. Further studies are needed to determine specific patient populations that may benefit most from intrathecal baclofen administration. Individual dosage ranges and follow-up care also need to be defined more completely. In addition, the question of whether tolerance detracts from long-term clinical benefits with intrathecal baclofen needs to be addressed.
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Ferguson, Jamie, Michael Diefenbeck und Martin McNally. „Ceramic Biocomposites as Biodegradable Antibiotic Carriers in the Treatment of Bone Infections“. Journal of Bone and Joint Infection 2, Nr. 1 (01.01.2017): 38–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/jbji.17234.
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Abstract. Local release of antibiotic has advantages in the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis and infected fractures. The adequacy of surgical debridement is still key to successful clearance of infection but local antibiotic carriers seem to afford greater success rates by targeting the residual organisms present after debridement and delivering much higher local antibiotic concentrations compared with systemic antibiotics alone. Biodegradable ceramic carriers can be used to fill osseous defects, which reduces the dead space and provides the potential for subsequent repair of the osseous defect as they dissolve away. A dissolving ceramic antibiotic carrier also raises the possibility of single stage surgery with definitive closure and avoids the need for subsequent surgery for spacer removal.In this article we provide an overview of the properties of various biodegradable ceramics, including calcium sulphate, the calcium orthophosphate ceramics, calcium phosphate cement and polyphasic carriers. We summarise the antibiotic elution properties as investigated in previous animal studies as well as the clinical outcomes from clinical research investigating their use in the surgical management of chronic osteomyelitis.Calcium sulphate pellets have been shown to be effective in treating local infection, although newer polyphasic carriers may support greater osseous repair and reduce the risk of further fracture or the need for secondary reconstructive surgery. The use of ceramic biocomposites to deliver antibiotics together with BMPs, bisphosphonates, growth factors or living cells is under investigation and merits further study.We propose a treatment protocol, based on the Cierny-Mader classification, to help guide the appropriate selection of a suitable ceramic antibiotic carrier in the surgical treatment of chronic osteomyelitis.
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Ferdous, Md Ruknul, Anna Wesselink, Luigia Brandimarte, Kymo Slager, Margreet Zwarteveen und Giuliano Di Baldassarre. „Socio-hydrological spaces in the Jamuna River floodplain in Bangladesh“. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 22, Nr. 10 (04.10.2018): 5159–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-5159-2018.
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Abstract. Socio-hydrology aims to understand the dynamics and co-evolution of coupled human–water systems, with research consisting of generic models as well as specific case studies. In this paper, we propose a concept to help bridge the gap between these two types of socio-hydrological studies: socio-hydrological spaces (SHSs). A socio-hydrological space is a geographical area in a landscape. Its particular combination of hydrological and social features gives rise to the emergence of distinct interactions and dynamics (patterns) between society and water. Socio-hydrological research on human–flood interactions has found two generic responses, “fight” or “adapt”. Distilling the patterns resulting from these responses in case studies provides a promising way to relate contextual specificities to the generic patterns described by conceptual models. Through the use of SHSs, different cases can be compared globally without aspiring to capturing them in a formal model. We illustrate the use of SHS for the Jamuna floodplain, Bangladesh. We use narratives and experiences of local experts and inhabitants to empirically describe and delimit SHS. We corroborated the resulting classification through the statistical analysis of primary data collected for the purpose (household surveys and focus group discussions) and secondary data (statistics, maps etc.). Our example of the use of SHSs shows that the concept draws attention to how historical patterns in the co-evolution of social behaviour, natural processes and technological interventions give rise to different landscapes, different styles of living and different ways of organising livelihoods. This provides a texture to the more generic patterns generated by socio-hydrological models, promising to make the resulting analysis more directly useful for decision makers. We propose that the usefulness of this concept in other floodplains, and for other socio-hydrological systems than floodplains, should be explored.
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Rezki, S.Pd., M.Si, Afrital, Erna Juita, Dasrizal Dasrizal und Arie Zella Putra Ulni. „MANAJEMEN DATA SPASIAL: PENGGUNAAN TANAH WILAYAH PEDESAAN DI SUMATERA BARAT“. Jurnal Spasial 5, Nr. 2 (07.01.2019): 48–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.22202/js.v5i2.3090.
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Perkembangan penggunaan tanah bergerak horisontal secara spasial ke arah wilayah yang mudah diusahakan. Penggunaan tanah juga bergerak secara vertikal dalam rangka menaikkan mutunya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pola penggunaan lahan, bagaimana manajemen penggunaan lahan di satu wilayah berdasarkan batas Nagari. Metode yang digunakan adalah analsisis spasial dengan interpretasi citra penginderaan jauh, survey lapangan, dan analisis deskriptif. Pertumbuhan pemukiman Nagari Sungai Sariak Kecamatan VII Koto Kabupaten Padang Pariaman mengakibatkan pemanfaatan ruang menjadi tumpang tindih. Diperlukan cara-cara pengelolaan dan managemen penggunaan tanah dalam rangka pembangunan berkelanjutan yang menaikkan taraf hidup masyarakat dan tidak menimbulkan kerugian lingkungan.Terdapat 9 jenis penggunaan lahan yang ada di Nagari Sungai Sariak. Penggunaan lahan tersebut adalah Primary Forest, Secondary Forest, Paddy Field, Settlement, Mixed Plantations, Crop Fields, Water Bodies, Bushes, dan Plantations. Penggunaan lahan yang paling luas di Nagari Sungai Sariak adalah jenis penggunaan lahan Primary Forest, sebesar 48% dari total luas wilayah Nagari Sungai Sariak. Pada tahun 2011 sampai tahun 2016, penggunaan lahan paling luas terjadi pada penggunaan lahan jenis Primary Forest yang kemudian menjadi Mixed Plantations. Land use Changes moved horizontally spatially towards areas that are easily cultivated. The land use also moves vertically in order to increase its quality. This study aims to analyze land use patterns, how land use management in one area is based on Nagari boundaries. The method used is spatial analysis with interpretation of remote sensing images, field surveys, and descriptive analysis. The growth of Nagari Sungai Sariak in Kecamatan VII Koto, Kabupaten Padang Pariaman resulted in overlapping use of space. Management methods are needed and management of land use in the framework of sustainable development that raises the standard of living of the community and does not cause environmental losses. There are 9 types of land use in the Nagari Sungai Sariak. The land uses are Primary Forest, Secondary Forest, Paddy Field, Settlement, Mixed Plantations, Crop Fields, Water Bodies, Bushes, and Plantations. The most extensive land use in Nagari Sungai Sariak is the type of Primary Forest land use, amounting to 48% of the total area of the Nagari Sungai Sariak. From 2011 to 2016, the most extensive land use occurred in Primary Forest land uses which later became Mixed Plantations.
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Cohen, Shelly, und Yael Allweil. „Towards Non-Ageist Housing and Caring in Old Age“. Urban Planning 5, Nr. 4 (12.11.2020): 155–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/up.v5i4.3413.
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This article investigates aging-in-place among seniors who live with caretakers, particularly domestic workers who immigrate to Israel from poorer countries. In recent decades, new apartment designs are intended for families with children. Drawing on Dolores Hayden’s (1980) ‘Non-Sexist City’, we expound on Non-Ageist architecture for the aging population and migrant caregivers. We examine how this kind of residence can include additional and vulnerable groups in the population, such as seniors and their caregivers. Our study explores the design of Tel Aviv Metropolis apartments. We argue that typical apartment design affects the ethics of everyday living. Following Michel de Certeau (2011), our research observes everyday behaviors and creative tactics through which seniors and caregivers re-appropriate shared living space. Most seniors house caretakers in a room within the bedroom area of the apartment, for instance, while others use a separate room by the entrance. These practices point to hierarchy and equality as spatial aspects of typical apartments’ layout and their effect on their usage by seniors and caregivers. Our research explores the potential of a planning proposal—dividing the seniors’ apartment into a primary apartment and a secondary unit—suggested by the inter-ministerial government team in the National Housing Headquarters and by the Israeli Affordable Housing Center, an academic-social organization. We argue this division could enable better housing solutions for shared residency. Thus, the article combines qualitative research of residence in old age with analysis of the role of social values such as equality, autonomy, inclusion, affordability and communal values in old-age housing and care.
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Kimengsi, Jude Ndzifon, und Zephania Nji Fogwe. „Urban Green Development Planning Opportunities and Challenges in Sub-Saharan Africa: Lessons from Bamenda City, Cameroon“. International Journal of Global Sustainability 1, Nr. 1 (23.06.2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijgs.v1i1.11440.
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World urban areas are increasingly dabbling with the triple challenge of pollution, congestion and environmental degradation. The quest for sanity and healthy urban living led to the introduction of urban green space initiatives. Green space has become primordial in urban areas as it enhances public health, recreation, amenities and property values through its location, accessibility, proximity and serviceability. In a bid to develop an urban green space in Bamenda, the City Council identified the Bamenda escarpment in 2011 for protection. This was followed by a Green City Initiative now captioned the Green City Project. The Bamenda City Council partnering with the UN-Habitat and the Dordrecht/Gorinchem City Councils of the Netherlands seeks to implement an urban greening project with major focus to map out potential areas for creating parks in Bamenda. This project which is a novelty in the rapidly changing urban landscape of Cameroon seeks to contribute to building a green economy that enhances nature, environmental protection and at the same time offers economic and social benefits to its citizens. In this study, we examine the opportunities and challenges of urban greening in Bamenda. Some 50 inhabitants around the escarpment were purposively sampled while council authorities and other stakeholders were interviewed in the Bamenda I municipality in order to assess the opportunities, challenges and prospects for the project. This was complemented by secondary data obtained from the Bamenda City Council. The conclusion drawn is that the initiative will provide opportunities for employment, generate revenue for the City Council and prevent uncontrolled city sprawl against the backdrop of the relatively unstable nature of the foothills (due to mass wasting processes) and land use competition, largely driven by population growth and the daunting task of relocating prior users. We therefore argue in favour of the effective application of urban development policies to restrict encroachment around the area and to engage in slope stabilization where necessary.
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Rahman, Dede Aulia, Riki Herliansyah, Puji Rianti, Ujang Mamat Rahmat, Asep Yayus Firdaus und Mochamad Syamsudin. „Ecology and Conservation of the Endangered Banteng (Bos javanicus) in Indonesia Tropical Lowland Forest“. HAYATI Journal of Biosciences 26, Nr. 2 (27.10.2019): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4308/hjb.26.2.68.
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Banteng, Bos javanicus, as wild cattle is a vital and importance source of germplasm in Indonesia. Various human activities currently threaten their conservation status. Nonetheless, no long-term monitoring programmes are in place for this species. Using distribution point and statistical analysis based on 46,116 camera trap days from December 2015 to January 2017, we aimed to provide habitat preferences, activity patterns and ecological data for banteng population in Ujung Kulon National Park (UKNP). It is the largest population of banteng in Indonesia and is living in a limited habitat area. According to the best occupancy model, the most suitable areas for this species were the secondary forest located at the center portion of UKNP. The presence of the invasive cluster sugar palm, Arenga obtusifolia, in dry season provides additional alternative food for banteng when its main food is scarcer in the forest. Banteng was cathemeral all year round, with the proportion of cathemeral records and the recording rate did not change with the protection of the level area, moon phase or season. To reduce the probability of encountering predators, banteng avoided the space use of dholes. Selection and avoidance of habitats was stronger than avoidance of the predator activity areas. Habitat competition from domestic cattle which grazed illegally in the national park appears to be a problem to the species since zoonosis appears from domestic cattle to banteng. Therefore, effective law enforcement and an adequate conservation strategy are required to eliminate the impacts of both direct and indirect threats.
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Boumans, Jogé, Leonieke C. van Boekel, Caroline A. Baan und Katrien G. Luijkx. „How Can Autonomy Be Maintained and Informal Care Improved for People With Dementia Living in Residential Care Facilities: A Systematic Literature Review“. Gerontologist 59, Nr. 6 (15.09.2018): e709-e730. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geront/gny096.
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Abstract Background and Objectives For people with dementia living in residential care facilities, maintaining autonomy and receiving informal care are important. The objective of this review is to understand how caregiving approaches and physical environment, including technologies contribute to the maintenance of autonomy and informal care provision for this population. Research Design and Methods A literature review of peer-reviewed articles published between January 1995 and July 2017 was performed. Realist logic of analysis was used, involving context, mechanism and outcome configurations. Results Forty-nine articles were included. The improvement of the relationship between residents and formal/informal caregivers is important. This increases the knowledge (sharing) about the resident and contributes to their autonomy. A social, flexible, and welcoming attitude of the formal caregiver improves the provision of informal care. Specially designed spaces, for instance, therapeutic gardens, create activities for residents that remind them of themselves and contribute to their autonomy. Use of technologies reduces caregiver’s time for primary tasks and therefore enables secondary tasks such as interaction with the residents. Discussion and Implications The results revealed how residential care facilities could maintain autonomy of their residents and improve informal care delivery using caregiving approaches and the physical environment including technologies. The results are supporting toward each other in maintaining autonomy and also helped in enhancing informal care provision. For residential care facilities that want to maintain the autonomy of their residents and improve informal care delivery, it is important to pay attention to all aspects of living in a residential care facility.
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Galvão, Maria Luiza de Medeiros, Marco Aurélio dos Santos, Neilton Fidelis da Silva und Valdenildo Pedro da Silva. „Connections Between Wind Energy, Poverty and Social Sustainability in Brazil’s Semiarid“. Sustainability 12, Nr. 3 (23.01.2020): 864. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12030864.
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In Brazil, the technical-scientific and informational knowledge records abundance of winds of high commercial viability and its use has usually occurred in spaces socially characterized by poverty. In the state of Rio Grande do Norte, the Mato Grande territory concentrates 3758 MW of installed capacity in 114 wind farms. In opposition to this economic and technological development, 5191 families settled in 73 rural settlements live in poverty, living with restrictions on land use and exploitation caused by water stress and without enjoying the benefits of energy activity. Therefore, the aim of this study is to understand the connections between the implementation of wind farms as sustainability promoters and the permanence of poverty levels. To this end, a literature review, secondary data systematization and field visits to two wind farms and two rural settlements were conducted, where interviews were conducted with their representatives. The results show that wind energy does not positively impact the researched region that has a history of backwardness and poverty. They also indicate that the wind projects implemented in the study area have disregarded the yearning for the development of the surrounding communities, since after a decade, they did not promote inflections on the family welfare curve. The research innovates in addressing the relationship between poverty and energy, thus, surpassing the frontier of the discussion “Energy Poverty”, since access to electricity is already universal in Brazil.
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Gucci, F., und F. Marmo. „A study on the effectiveness of E-Mental Health in the treatment of psychosis: Looking to recovery“. European Psychiatry 33, S1 (März 2016): S27—S28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.846.
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IntroductionAn integrated program (Institutional Psychiatric Open Light Treatment) for psychosis and personality disorder was enriched with audiovisual functions provided through a dedicated website.The aim of the present study was to observe how and if these added functions support the patients in their daily living, influencing the quality of the recovery process.Recent studies highlighted how telemental health services are effective to provide access, improve basic outcome, facilitate empowerment of patients and be well-accepted (Hilty, 2013; Hailey, 2008) and how integrated community-based treatment, such as Community-Based Psychodynamic Treatment Program (Chiesa and Fonagy, 2009) or Assertive Community Treatment (Veldhuizen and Bahler, 2013) are effective in SMI.Telemental health services may become factors improving real-life functioning, integrating community-based treatment for psychosis and bettering social cognition, functional capacity, resilience, internalized stigma and engagement with mental health services, so positively affecting outcomes of psychosis treatment.MethodsAll patients admitted (May 2010–April 2015) were included. Aged between 18 and 65, with schizophrenia, psychosis, schizoaffective disorder, bipolar disorder, personality disorder.Some troubles with the website use (Voice2Voice) led to a second version, more friendly and simple to use (app2gether).App2gether provided several functions: audio/video conference rooms for patients or family (synchronous virtual space to interact, at scheduled time, with a psychologist, a psychiatrist or a peer support worker, in free groups); chat (asynchronous virtual space for any question or information).We considered primary outcomes proposed by Cochrane Collaboration (Shek, 2010): hospital admissions, days of hospitalization, day-hospital admissions, day-program attendance (e.g. weekly), treatment compliance (voluntary discharge or missing scheduled date).We considered, as secondary outcomes, variables closely associated with real-life functioning (Galderisi, 2015): global functioning (Italian translation of Global Assessment of Functioning Scale), quality of life (Short Form 36 item), social relationships (Personal and Social Performance), internalized stigma (Internalized Stigma Mental Illness Inventory), empowerment (Empowerment Scale).Patients were divided into four cohorts:– 1-using “app2gether” functions in the follow-up, attending day treatment program (n = 35);– 2-attending day treatment program (n = 52);– 3-attending transitional day-hospital program (n = 171);– 4-not included in the IPOLT-program (n = 188).Patients were included in the first group only based on their basic computer skills and fast Internet availability.ResultsAt first, we compared (2) and (3) with (4), as control group. For each patient, we considered an identical observation period before and after day-hospital admission (ANOVA, P < 0.05).We found a significant improvement in primary outcomes and global functioning, but not in other secondary outcomes, for the groups (2) and (3) compared with (4).Over 6-months observation, patients using “app2gether” functions in the follow-up showed:– a significantly decrease in hospital admissions and hospitalization length, compared to non-IPOLT-program group;– a reduction in day-hospital admissions and day-hospital attendance, compared to (2) and (3) groups;– a notable effect on secondary outcomes, compared to all other groups.ConclusionA dedicated website in the IPOLT-program supports patients in their living's place, does not interfere with daily activities, decreases social costs, encourages community integration and reduces stigma.Synchronous telepsychiatry allow a professionally modulated intervention in “here and now”; asynchronous contacts with specialists combine professional intervention with chances of autonomy and autoregulation. These services reduce costs, in terms of FTE (Full Time Equivalent), but not the efficacy.Future advances in the websites should be designed, simplifying the contact surface with the treating-team and reducing the social impact of therapeutic practice.A better understanding of the complex variables influencing real-life functioning and new sensitive tools to detect it are needed.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Kunwar, Ashra, und Narayan Prasad Koju. „Prey Diversity of Common Leopard and Factors Affecting Human-Common Leopard Conflict in Community Forests of Arghakhanchi District Nepal“. Journal of Advanced Academic Research 6, Nr. 1 (28.02.2019): 84–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jaar.v6i1.35367.
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Conflict between human and wildlife is one of the main threats to the continued survival of many species in different parts of the world, and is also a significant threat to local human populations. As human populations expand and natural habitats shrink, people and animals are increasingly coming into conflict over living space and food. People lose their crops, livestock, property, and sometimes even their lives. Initially, with the use of structured interviews and few key informant survey, 120 households were selected for questionnaire in which 25 were from victim’s family and 95 from Sandhikharka village and the city areas using both purposive and random sampling method. Key informant interviews were also taken with officers of Division forest office and active members of community forest. Similarly, to access the prey diversity, a total of 9 infrared cameras were installed. As the objective of the research, the result was obtained based on secondary and primary data with the use of structured interviews to quantify attitudes based on 5 questions with the given scores where the scores were added together. At the end, the ANOVA test was carried outwit the variances among the control variables influencing the attitude toward leopards while assessing the overall attitudes of people with those scores. The result discusses the mean attitude of illiterate people as negative (-1.03±0.14 SE) towards leopard. Also, overall mean attitude of literate people was negative (-1.19±0.17 SE). Total 6750 images were recorded during study period among them only single event of leopard was captured in the camera trap and 72 independent prey images were captured by infrared camera. Mongoose, Wild cat, Rabbit, Porcupine and barking deer were commonly recorded. Rest of photos recorded were human movement, suggesting less prey abundance and higher human activities in study area.PCA analysis regarding factors affecting leopard human conflict suggested that the distance from water source to local people, distance from toilet to home, land use change going on in the study area, scarcity of water source to wildlife inside the forest, distance to graze livestock are major factors having positive impact on human leopard conflict.
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Barrio, I. C., R. Villafuerte und F. S. Tortosa. „Harbouring pests: rabbit warrens in agricultural landscapes“. Wildlife Research 38, Nr. 8 (2011): 756. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr11051.
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Context Warrens are central to rabbit biology and available warren space can set a limit to the number of rabbits living in an area. Therefore, quantifying and analysing the distribution of rabbit warrens is a key step towards the management of the species in agricultural lands where it causes significant damage to crops. Aims The present study investigates the distribution and spatial pattern of wild rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) warrens in an intensively managed agricultural landscape within the rabbit’s native range in semiarid southern Spain, where rabbits constitute an emerging pest problem. Methods All natural rabbit warrens within two sites were mapped, and information on their size, use and protection was recorded. The effects of environmental variables (e.g. habitat features and distances to key resources) in determining warren occurrence were evaluated using binomial generalised linear models (GLM). Key results The main variable explaining warren occurrence was the distance to the nearest neighbouring warren. Habitat variables and the distances to key resources played only a secondary role, and were mainly related to frequent ploughing linked to agricultural practices that prevent warren construction. Conclusions Habitat instability resulting from agricultural practices (i.e. frequent ploughing and intensive human disturbance) promotes warren construction on stable grounds only and partly explains the clumped spatial pattern found. However, warren occurrence in intensively managed agricultural areas seems to be more constrained by the proximity of neighbouring warrens that would facilitate rabbit recolonisation from patches nearby. Despite becoming increasingly scarce as a result of agricultural intensification, these unploughed remnants may act as safe islands for digging warrens. Implications The management of unploughed patches and the connectivity among them in semiarid agroecosystems of southern Spain is therefore of utmost importance to the management of rabbits as an agricultural pest.
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Simankina, Tatyana, Vitaly Lukinov und Denis Davydov. „Optimization of intercept parking lots“. E3S Web of Conferences 217 (2020): 03010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021703010.
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The paper discusses the main prerequisites for the development of parking lots. The main problems are estimated, the solution of which is the construction of multi-level intercept parking lots. The urgency of the problem is associated with the increasing gas pollution in the city, an increase in the number of accidents, a decrease in the speed of delivery of goods and the availability of parking spaces in the city center. The parking lot is considered, which provides its functions all year round regardless of weather conditions. At the same time, design solutions and materials were selected to minimize financial costs. The use of steel as the main material for supporting structures makes it possible to reduce the cost of construction. Structural columns, vertical ties and beams are made from it. Floor slabs should be made of reinforced concrete on fixed formwork from galvanized corrugated sheet of various grades. When using sheets with a high corrugation, it is possible to create a ceiling without secondary beams. Staircases, stairways and elevator shafts should also be made from reinforced concrete or from concrete blocks in order to achieve the required fire resistance limit corresponding to that required for parking lot. The appearance of the multi-level intercept parking lot meets modern aesthetic requirements and also has a positive effect on the minds of motorists, appearing as part of a comfortable living environment.
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Alfirevic, Djordje, und Sanja Simonovic-Alfirevic. „Achieving use value of a living space“. Spatium, Nr. 44 (2020): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/spat2044022a.
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Use value is one of the key terms related to architectural functionality. The term itself denotes the level of usefulness of a living space for its user, i.e., to what extent the space can meet specific human needs. The paper analyzes the relations between characteristic human needs and the possibilities for their fulfillment in a living space. Various studies examining different aspects of use value have often identified it with the quality of a living space. This is why one of the main aims of this paper is to reexamine the thesis claiming that use value is just one part which defines the quality of a living space and that these two terms are not equivalents. On the other hand, the paper presents a systematization of cause-and-effect relations between human needs and the basic principles and parameters for achieving use value within a living space. Although the term has not lost its importance since it was first used, the criteria for achieving a higher level of use value of a living space have not been sufficiently researched. Along with a comparative analysis of the terms value, use value and the quality of a living space, as well as an examination of the characteristic human needs present in each living space and ways of meeting them, the key contribution of the paper lies in defining the principles for achieving use value.
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Reiss, Michael J., und Nicola J. Beaney. „The use of living organisms in secondary school science“. Journal of Biological Education 26, Nr. 1 (März 1992): 63–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00219266.1992.9655245.
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Froggatt, Katherine, Ashley Best, Frances Bunn, Girvan Burnside, Joanna Coast, Lesley Dunleavy, Claire Goodman et al. „A group intervention to improve quality of life for people with advanced dementia living in care homes: the Namaste feasibility cluster RCT“. Health Technology Assessment 24, Nr. 6 (Januar 2020): 1–140. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/hta24060.
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Background People with advanced dementia who live and die in nursing homes experience variable quality of life, care and dying. There is a need to identify appropriate, cost-effective interventions that facilitate high-quality end-of-life care provision. Objectives To establish the feasibility and acceptability to staff and family of conducting a cluster randomised controlled trial of the Namaste Care intervention for people with advanced dementia in nursing homes. Design The study had three phases: (1) realist review and (2) intervention refinement to inform the design of (3) a feasibility cluster randomised controlled trial with a process evaluation and economic analysis. Clusters (nursing homes) were randomised in a 3 : 1 ratio to intervention or control (usual care). The nature of the intervention meant that blinding was not possible. Setting Nursing homes in England providing care for people with dementia. Participants Residents with advanced dementia (assessed as having a Functional Assessment Staging Test score of 6 or 7), their informal carers and nursing home staff. Intervention Namaste Care is a complex group intervention that provides structured personalised care in a dedicated space, focusing on enhancements to the physical environment, comfort management and sensory engagement. Main outcome measures The two contender primary outcome measures were Comfort Assessment in Dying – End of Life Care in Dementia for quality of dying (dementia) and Quality of Life in Late Stage Dementia for quality of life. The secondary outcomes were as follows: person with dementia, sleep/activity (actigraphy), neuropsychiatric symptoms, agitation and pain; informal carers, satisfaction with care at the end of life; staff members, person-centred care assessment, satisfaction with care at the end of life and readiness for change; and other data – health economic outcomes, medication/service use and intervention activity. Results Phase 1 (realist review; 86 papers) identified that a key intervention component was the activities enabling the development of moments of connection. In phase 2, refinement of the intervention enabled the production of a user-friendly 16-page A4 booklet. In phase 3, eight nursing homes were recruited. Two homes withdrew before the intervention commenced; four intervention and two control homes completed the study. Residents with advanced dementia (n = 32) were recruited in intervention (n = 18) and control (n = 14) homes. Informal carers (total, n = 12: intervention, n = 5; control, n = 7) and 97 staff from eight sites (intervention, n = 75; control, n = 22) were recruited over a 6-month period. Recruitment is feasible. Completion rates of the primary outcome questionnaires were high at baseline (100%) and at 4 weeks (96.8%). The Quality of Life in Late Stage Dementia was more responsive to change over 24 weeks. Even where economic data were missing, these could be collected in a full trial. The intervention was acceptable; the dose varied depending on the staffing and physical environment of each care home. Staff and informal carers reported changes for the person with dementia in two ways: increased social engagement and greater calm. No adverse events related to the intervention were reported. Conclusions A subsequent definitive trial is feasible if there are amendments to the recruitment process, outcome measure choice and intervention specification. Future work In a full trial, consideration is needed of the appropriate outcome measure that is sensitive to different participant responses, and of clear implementation principles for this person-centred intervention in a nursing home context. Trial registration Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN14948133. Funding This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme and will be published in full in Health Technology Assessment; Vol. 24, No. 6. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.
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Stewart, D., D. Wang, E. Lang und G. Innes. „LO32: Are EMS offload delay patients at increased risk of adverse outcomes?“ CJEM 19, S1 (Mai 2017): S38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cem.2017.94.
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Introduction: ED and hospital overcrowding cause offload delays that remove EMS crews from service and compromise care delivery to patients. Prolonged ED boarding times are associated with increased hospital LOS and patient mortality, but the impact of offload delays has not been studied. Our objective was to determine whether offload delays are associated with adverse system and patient outcomes. Methods: From July 2013 to June 2016, administrative data was collated from four Calgary adult EDs. All CTAS 2 and 3 EMS arrivals were studied. Those assigned an ED care space within 15 minutes were considered controls while those with delays of ≥60-minutes were considered ‘delayed’. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine propensity scores, which were used to match delayed patients to nearest neighbor controls. Matching variables for propensity modeling included age, sex, CTAS level, ED site, arrival day and time, living situation (homecare/facility vs. independent), complaint category (medical, cardiovascular, mental health/neuro, GI, trauma/MS, other) and previous ED use (visits within 1 year). The primary outcome was 7-day mortality. Secondary outcomes included hospital LOS and 30-day mortality. Results: A total of 111,743 patients were studied: 70711 controls and 41032 delayed (median time to stretcher of 8 vs. 109 minutes). There was significant baseline covariate imbalance: Delayed patients were more likely to be female, older, have lower CTAS acuity, arrive on weekdays and evenings, to have general medical complaints, and to arrive at the slowest offload site. In the unmatched analysis, delayed patients had lower 7-day mortality (2.1% vs. 2.6%), similar 30-day mortality (3.5% vs. 3.6%), and longer hospital LOS (10.3 vs. 9.8 days). In the propensity-matched analysis (41016 patients per group), covariate balance was substantially improved and outcomes differed slightly. Seven and 30-day mortality were essentially unchanged, but between group differences for hospital LOS disappeared (10.3 vs. 10.2 days). Conclusion: Propensity analysis suggests that EMS patients exposed to offload delays have similar 30-day mortality and slightly lower 7-day mortality than patients who receive timely ED access. While offload delays lead to substandard hallway care, patient dissatisfaction, and remove EMS crews from service, the levels of offload delay studied here were not associated with higher mortality or prolonged hospital LOS.
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NASU, Mamoru. „Impact on living consciousness and use of green space“. Journal of the Japanese Society of Revegetation Technology 46, Nr. 2 (30.11.2020): 199–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.7211/jjsrt.46.199.
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Setyo Adiyanti, Ayuko, Ardhya Nareswari und Alexander Rani Suryandono. „The Change of Space Use of Shared Space from Landed to High-Rise Settlement“. SHS Web of Conferences 41 (2018): 07002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20184107002.
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Indonesia is entering an era of urban settlement transformation from horizontal landed living settlement to low-rise settlement, into the construction of vertical high-rise settlement. This resulted in the landed settlement residents that being moved to high-rise settlement, they have encountered a change of high-rise vertical living culture that different from their living culture before. This study aims to find out the use of shared space in landed living and high-rise settlement. The research method used in this research is qualitative descriptive study. The site of the research is in the landed settlement of Kampung Pulo and the high-rise settlement of Jatinegara Barat. Kampung Pulo settlement is a residence of Jatinegara Barat residents before they are moved. The result of the research shows the change of space use for shared space from landed to high-rise settlement; (1) landed settlement more accommodate the diversity of communal activities than high- rise settlement. (2) in the landed settlement there is a territory transition space that accommodates the needs of interaction, homebased business activities, and play, whereas high-rise settlement there is no more transition space, so the need for interaction and play is contained in the public space, while the trading activities needs are mostly found within the private area. (3) In landed settlements, the shared space used for communal activities is more multifunctional than high rise settlement.
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Zingaretti, Nicola, Francesca De Lorenzi, Francesco Dell’Antonia, Fabrizio De Biasio, Michele Riccio und Pier Camillo Parodi. „The Use of “Precapsular Space” in Secondary Breast Reconstruction“. Aesthetic Plastic Surgery 40, Nr. 5 (21.07.2016): 716–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00266-016-0683-0.
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Lopez, Linda C., Virginia V. Sanchez und Minami Hamilton. „Smokeless Tobacco Use by Secondary Students in a Mexican Bordertown“. Psychological Reports 82, Nr. 3_suppl (Juni 1998): 1282. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1998.82.3c.1282.
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Of secondary students living in a Mexican bordertown, 67 boys and 45 girls aged 13 to 18 years, 5 boys reported trying chewing tobacco, but none reported current use, and 61 students believed such use could cause cancer. Low prevalence may be related to low exposure to advertising.
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Bailey, Kenneth D. „The use of space in living systems theory: Extensions and applications“. Systems Practice 8, Nr. 1 (Februar 1995): 85–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02249178.
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Stanghellini, Giovanni, Massimo Ballerini, Anthony Vincent Fernandez, John Cutting und Milena Mancini. „Abnormal Body Phenomena in Persons with Major Depressive Disorder“. Psychopathology 54, Nr. 4 (2021): 203–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000514642.
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<b><i>Background:</i></b> Depressive disorders, despite being classified as mood or affective disorders, are known to include disturbances in the experience of body, space, time, and intersubjectivity. However, current diagnostic manuals largely ignore these aspects of depressive experience. In this article, we use phenomenological accounts of embodiment as a theoretical foundation for a qualitative study of abnormal body phenomena (ABP) in depressive disorders. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> 550 patients affected by schizophrenic and affective disorders were interviewed in a clinical setting. Interviews sought to uncover the qualitative features of experiences through self-descriptions. Clinical files were subsequently digitized and re-examined using consensual qualitative research. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Ninety-nine out of 100 patients with MDD reported at least one ABP. From cross-analysis of the MDD sample, we obtained 4 general categories of ABP, 3 of which had additional subcategories. The 4 categories include slowed embodied temporality (<i>N</i> = 90), anomalous vital rhythms (<i>N</i> = 82), worries about one’s body (<i>N</i> = 22), and body deformation (<i>N</i> = 47). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The results provide empirical evidence in support of theoretical discussions of embodiment in MDD found in the work of classical and contemporary phenomenologists. The findings also provide nuanced insight into the experience of persons living with MDD. Some categories of ABP, like slowed embodied temporality, can help to finely characterize psychomotor retardation or the so-called “medically unexplained symptoms” (MUS). This fine-tuned characterization can help to connect MUS to neuropsychological and neurobiological (e.g., alterations of interoceptive processes linked to anomalies of the brain resting-state hypothesis) and inflammatory (e.g., studies linking environmental stressors, inflammation mediators, and neurovegetative and affective symptoms) models of MDD. Our results can also support a pathogenic model of MDD, which posits, on the phenomenal level, ABP as the point of departure for the development of secondary symptoms including cognitive elaborations of these, namely, delusions about the body. Moreover, some of the categories, when contrasted with phenomenological qualitative studies of other disorders, provide conceptual resources of differential diagnosis and of identifying a “depressive core syndrome.” For example, findings within category 4, deformation of the body, provide resources for using ABP to distinguish between MDD and schizophrenia.
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Jinez, Lourdes Jordán, José Roberto Molina de Souza und Sandra Cristina Pillon. „Drug use and risk factors among secondary students“. Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem 17, Nr. 2 (April 2009): 246–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-11692009000200017.
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Adolescence is a phase of exposure to several risk behaviors, especially the experimental use of drugs and its associated problems. The study aims to identify risk factors and drug use among secondary students in Comonfort, Guanajuato, Mexico. This is a cross-sectional study, using a version of the Drug User Screening Inventory (DUSI) adapted from Portuguese to Spanish. The sample was composed of 695 (42.9%) students, 52.8% women. Drug use was present in 20.3%, predominantly alcohol and tobacco. Risk factors are related to the male gender, older than 13 years, second and third grades, living with relatives, poor relationships, curiosity, family conflicts, peer pressure and solidarity. CONCLUSION: alcohol and tobacco are the most used drugs and are associated to curiosity and peer pressure.
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Effenberger, E., und P. le F. N. Mouton. „Space use in a multi-male group of the group-living lizard“. Journal of Zoology 272, Nr. 2 (Juni 2007): 202–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.2006.00256.x.
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Kwaymullina, Ambelin, Blaze Kwaymullina und Lauren Butterly. „Living Texts“. International Journal of Critical Indigenous Studies 6, Nr. 1 (01.01.2013): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/ijcis.v6i1.106.
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This article explores and extends one aspect of the research theories and methods defined by Lester-Irabinna Rigney (1999) as ‘Indigenist research’, namely, published sources. We view published sources broadly as incorporating poetry, life histories, community histories, creation stories, scholarly articles and books. This article seeks to operationalise Indigenist research in the context of the sources that are central to academic work and critically engage with how the ontologies that inform knowledges are valued in the academy. We aim to explore the relationships Aboriginal people create with the parts of their knowledges that have become translated into text. Whilst acknowledging that oral traditions and processes are fundamentally important, this article seeks to situate sources published by Aboriginal people as a key part of the ‘contestation of knowledge’ that lies at the heart of Indigenist research (Rigney 1999: 116). Our aim is to start the conversation about the issues that are raised in framing how primary and secondary sources might be constituted within Indigenist research. We are two Aboriginal scholars of the Palyku people, and one non-Indigenous scholar. Writing in this academic space requires openness, sharing and profound trust between collaborators, which we have had the privilege of developing together over many years.
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Alfirevic, Djordje, und Sanja Simonovic-Alfirevic. „Spatial organization concepts for living spaces with two centres“. Spatium, Nr. 42 (2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/spat1942001a.
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In a functional sense, the centre of the living space is a gathering area for its users and for visitors. In most cases, the living area has at least one space towards which its users gravitate daily or occasionally. In situations where there are two or more centres in the living area, their position, size and connection determine the character of the functional organization, and they result from the social needs of the users. This paper analyzes characteristic examples of how dwellings are organized with several gathering centres, drawing out three basic concepts: a) living space with centres grouped in a social zone, b) living space with a flexible centre on the boundary between zones and c) living space with a secondary centre in a private area. On the other hand, attention is drawn to the existence of different boundaries of territoriality (boundaries of ownership, hospitality and intimacy), which determine the domains of social, private and intimate zones in housing. Depending on whether the gathering centres are located on one side, on the other, or along the border of territoriality, the degree of intimacy of the living space also changes.
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Ma, Ming, Yong Li, Jing Kong, Juan Wang, Min Zhang, Wen Ming Wang, Hao Su, Li Qiu, Jing Kang und Wen Chen. „Inner Mongolia Grassland Nomadic Living Space of Modular Theory“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 368-370 (August 2013): 227–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.368-370.227.
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Theoretical research based on a modular, the steppe nomads living building "prototype" of Mongolia as the research object, analyze the function of the use of nomadic living space, through the analysis of modular grid of internal space, to create modular interior space, combined with fixed brick to diversify the design, providing humanized design for the grassland mobile residential construction, improve pastoral living space environment has practical significance.
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Indah, Isrina, und Prabu Wardono. „Co-living space: The shared living behavior of the millenial generation iin Indonesia“. ARTEKS : Jurnal Teknik Arsitektur 6, Nr. 2 (01.08.2021): 199–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.30822/arteks.v6i2.679.
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The continuous improvement in the growth rate of urbanization in Indonesia is causing an increased need for work, limited residential land, and high prices for residential development in urban areas. This phenomenon has an impact on the low occupancy rate for the millennial generation and this makes developers offer co-living space which is considered capable of solving the problem of accommodation and its use as a living space is becoming increasingly popular in recent times. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the factors influencing the formation of habitual occupancy among millennials in the co-living space of Indonesia. The process involved using a survey method with online questionnaires to collect data from the study population which consisted of the millennial generation with a sample size of 190 respondents. The data obtained were processed using exploratory multivariant statistics to show the relationship between the latent variables used in forming habitual behavior in shared living. The results showed 10 factors which constitute the living behavior in co-living space and they include public facilities, social, place attachment, feeling of satisfaction, environment, intrinsic, extrinsic, group development, economy, and workspace availability.
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Fu, Chun, Xiaoqiang Tu und An Huang. „Identification and Characterization of Production–Living–Ecological Space in a Central Urban Area Based on POI Data: A Case Study for Wuhan, China“. Sustainability 13, Nr. 14 (09.07.2021): 7691. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13147691.
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Cities are the main carriers of high population agglomeration and socio-economic activities and are also the areas where contradictions among production, living, and ecological space are concentrated. Effective identification of production–living–ecological space is conducive to the balanced and sustainable development of urban space. First, this paper analyzes the formation mechanism and connotation of urban production–living–ecological space and constructs the classification system of point-of-interest (POI) data. Then, it identifies the production–living–ecological space in the central urban area of Wuhan effectively by using the analytic hierarchy process, spatial analysis method, and the quadrat proportion method and verifies the accuracy of production–living–ecological space by the sampling verification method. Last but not least, it adopts spatial auto-correlation analysis and Geo-detector to reveal spatial heterogeneity and its driving factors. The results indicate that: (1) The overall accuracy of the identification accuracy test of production–living–ecological space in Wuhan is 92.86%. (2) There is a significant spatial correlation among production space, living space, and ecological space in the central urban area of Wuhan with living space being the dominant space and production space the secondary space intersected and embedded in the north and south banks of the Yangtze River. (3) Results of the analysis of the driving factor show that elements comprising life services, corporate enterprises, and scenic spots play a leading role in realizing the living space, the production space, and the ecological space, respectively, and the interactions between these elements have a significant driving effect on the three types of space. The results prove that POI big data are more scientific and practical in urban spatial planning, and it can provide a useful reference for the sustainable development of spatial planning.
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Aguilera, Sandra Lúcia Vieira Ulinski, Beatriz Helena Sottile França, Simone Tetu Moysés und Samuel Jorge Moysés. „Intermunicipal inequities in access and use of secondary health services in the metropolitan area of Curitiba“. Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia 17, Nr. 3 (September 2014): 654–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1809-4503201400030007.
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The aim of this study was to identify and analyze inequities in the access to specialized services in the municipalities of the metropolitan area of Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil. This is an ecological study. In its preparatory stage, this study focused on the socioeconomic, epidemiologic, healthcare network and sectoral financing network profiles of the 26 municipalities comprising this area. Factor analysis was employed to obtain the six principal components, and a synthetic index was calculated from them, allowing municipalities to be ranked according to living conditions and health situation. Primary data was collected from 24 municipalities, regarding their capacity, directed and repressed demand of specialized healthcare services. The context analysis revealed accentuated intermunicipal inequities. The synthetic index allowed municipalities to be classified in four relatively homogeneous groups regarding living and health conditions. Municipalities located in Vale do Ribeira obtained the worse outcomes for the Living Conditions and Health Situation Synthetic Index, as well as the higher repressed demand for specialized healthcare services. The geographical distance from the capital showed to contribute to worse living and health conditions and greater difficulties in access to healthcare services.
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Jumelet, E., T. Bedossa und B. Deputte. „Use of space and visual communication in cats, Felis catus, living in colony?“ Journal of Veterinary Behavior 7, Nr. 6 (November 2012): e9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jveb.2012.09.029.
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Gagarin, M. „LIVING SPACE AS A COMPONENT OF THE EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM OF THE INSTITUTION OF GENERAL SECONDARY EDUCATION“. Pedagogy of the formation of a creative person in higher and secondary schools 1, Nr. 70 (2020): 104–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.32840/1992-5786.2020.70-1.19.
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Pearson, S. K., S. S. Godfrey, C. M. Bull und M. G. Gardner. „Larger lizards live longer in the group-living Egernia stokesii“. Australian Journal of Zoology 64, Nr. 3 (2016): 182. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo16024.
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Animal space use has implications for gene flow, disease dynamics, mating systems and the evolution of sociality. Given recent attention to sociality in reptiles, lizards are an important group for expanding our understanding of animal space use. Lizard space use is commonly investigated within one population over a short period and limited attention has been given to potential predictors of site fidelity. This study evaluated site fidelity in three populations of group-living Egernia stokesii (gidgee skink) between two field surveys separated by almost a decade. Of 43 recaptured lizards, 28 (65%) occupied their original space, and 15 (36%) of those shared their space with the same other lizard or lizards in both surveys. This confirmed long-term site and social bond fidelity in E. stokesii. We found that larger lizards were more likely to be recaptured. Neither body size, individual genetic heterozygosity, nor the availability of refuges strongly predicted whether lizards were recaptured in the same or a different place. The reasons why some lizards stayed in the same space while others moved are yet to be resolved.
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Čehajić, Mirza. „Serbian and Croatian great state policy and attitude towards Bosnia and Herzegovina on the example of History textbooks“. Historijski pogledi 3, Nr. 4 (30.12.2020): 91–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.52259/historijskipogledi.2020.3.4.91.
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Textbook literature is not only an interesting object of research, but also a kind of mirror of the society that produces them. In a way, they represent the basic source of knowledge for students, and their content represents a certain type of absolute truth or canonized knowledge. This is especially true for history textbooks, which show students what memory state systems not only recommend but also determine. This means that such textbooks are a reflection of the official attitude towards the past, so they are one of the most powerful instruments of action on the collective consciousness of young people, but also society as a whole. Namely, the "truth" that is built into school textbooks inevitably becomes a "living truth", having in mind the age and quantity of the reader's body. It does not take much intellectual effort to properly understand, then, the potential energy that ethnic prejudices loaded in this way, based on historical myths, half-truths and untruths, carry with them. Textbooks from Serbia and Croatia were imported and used in Bosnia and Herzegovina for a while, and in recent years the contents of textbooks from the mentioned countries have served as a template for the production of textbooks that are printed and published in Bosnia and Herzegovina. In all such textbooks, examples have been identified in which entire teaching units are dedicated to events, personalities and locations that are not from Bosnia and Herzegovina. Thus, for example, in terms of belonging to Bosnia and Herzegovina, negative examples dominate and the analyzed textbooks do not encourage the creation of a sense of a common heritage of Bosnia and Herzegovina. At the same time, students do not develop critical thinking, and explanations of historical-political processes are burdened with political interpretations that largely support valid auto and hetero-stereotypes. Policy options and processes are presented in a way that continues to support established attitudes about what has happened in the past, and current stereotypes about one's own and other peoples and their role in those processes. Having in mind, therefore, that the textbook content necessarily reflects the dominant ideology and current government policy, we tried to use the example of Bosnia and Herzegovina, to question the political function of the textbook, more precisely to show indicators of paternalistic attitude towards Bosnia and Herzegovina, which are generated through Serbian and Croatian education system both in the home countries and in Bosnia and Herzegovina itself. The question that is specifically posed here is twofold: To what extent are conflicts and ethnic tensions, which have been present in all societies throughout history, reflected in school textbooks, and to what extent do school textbooks themselves convey these conflicts. The latter entails further sub-questions, such as the extent to which the textbook medium intensifies conflicts and the extent to which it calms and breaks them down. The topic itself is very broad and almost forces it to be sketched in such a small space only theoretically, which is less useful. Therefore, attention will be focused here on selected specific examples that deal with individual historical events, which are the subject of public debate, or conflict between Serbian and Croatian historiography when it comes to the origin and affiliation of the population and state of Bosnia and Herzegovina. In this regard, this paper presents an "interpretation of the interpreted", with the prevalent use of secondary literature, given through a review of the opinions of selected authors. In doing so, an effort was made to consistently apply comparative analysis, to show and expose all the diversity of approaches of individual national and nationalist discourses.
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Paramita, Kristanti Dewi, und Tatjana Schneider. „Passage Territories: Reframing Living Spaces in Contested Contexts“. Interiority 1, Nr. 2 (30.07.2018): 113–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.7454/in.v1i2.34.
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This paper investigates the concept of ‘passage territories’ (Sennett, 2006), de ned as living spaces constructed from one’s passage of movement from one separate space to another, and how it extends the discussion of interiority in contested contexts. Through observations of living spaces and the narrative accounts of dwellers’ in Kampung Pulo and Manggarai neighbourhoods of Jakarta, this study draws attention to the interiority of dispersed and layered spaces occupied by the kampungs’ dwellers. In this context, passage territories are driven by a) a limitation of space that, in turn, triggers the need to acquire more space; b) the occupation of a dweller that necessitates different types of space; and c) the limited access to infrastructural resources that influence the extent of a living space’s dispersal. Through the use of drawings, this study reveals the complete interiority of living spaces consisting of spaces with diverse spatial ownerships and scales. The boundaries of passage territories tend to be de ned by the frequency and length of time needed for an activity instead of the relative proximity between certain spaces. Furthermore, the way objects are placed also shapes the boundaries of passage territories, both for permanent and temporary use of space. This paper then discusses the impact of this knowledge on the interiority of passage territories, proposing to use mechanisms of ‘patches’ and ‘corridors’ to shape the interior of territory that cross, share, and change into one another.
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SACKO, Oussouby, Junzo MUNEMOTO, Tetsu YOSHIDA und Ryoichi SHITARA. „A STUDY ON THE TYPOLOGY OF LIVING SPACE AND SPACE USE PARTICULARITIES IN BAMAKO, THE REPUBLIC OF MALI“. Journal of Architecture and Planning (Transactions of AIJ) 63, Nr. 509 (1998): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aija.63.97_2.
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Antic, Ljiljana, Dejana Vukovic, Bosiljka Ðikanovic, Dragan Antic, Slavisa Jankovic und Tamara Naumovic. „Implementation of secondary preventive practice important for cervical cancer among women who use oral contraception“. Archive of Oncology 21, Nr. 3-4 (2013): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/aoo1304091a.
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Background: In the course of the previous 50 years, demographic trends in Serbia have been quite unfavorable and there is the epidemiological transition. The aim of the study was to examine the factors that influence women's decision to take oral contraceptives (OC) and to examine preventive measures for the cervical cancer. Method: We analyzed data that were collected in a cross-sectional study National Health Survey in Serbia in 2006, which was based on a nationally representative population sample. Our subsample included 2,378 women aged from 20 to 49 years. Results: The results of this multivariate analysis confirmed the association of the OC usage with socio-demographic factors, such as marital status and region of living. Respondents from Vojvodina took OC more often than those from Belgrade (OR= 0.48, 95% CI, 0.30-0.78) and Central Serbia (OR=0.42, 95% CI 0.29-0.61). The results of adjusted multivariate analysis showed that the level of education, place of living, and region were significantly associated with secondary preventive measures for the cervical cancer (regular check-ups and Pap tests). Secondary preventive measures are more frequently used among less educated participants who live in the urban areas and in the region of Vojvodina, compared to the more educated women from rural areas and living in the capital Belgrade. Conclusion: Our study did not confirm association of OC usage with secondary preventive measures for the cervical cancer.
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Laisheng, Xiao. „Living Space Evolution: A New Crowd Based Computational Approach“. International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 2015 (2015): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/804512.
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Inspired by the life cycle and survival of the fittest and combined with the consideration of living space information, a new computational intelligence approach, namely, living space evolution (LSE), is presented. LSE has reflected two new ideas. One is living space evolution: under the guidance of living space information, the offspring of life concentrate and evolve continuously towards richer living spaces. The other is multiple offspring reproduction: simulating real life in nature, a life can reproduce multiple offspring within one generation. In this work, LSE dynamic model, its flow, and pseudocodes are described in detail. A digital simulation has shown the procedure of LSE living space evolution. Furthermore, two applications of using LSE are employed to demonstrate its effectiveness and applicability. One is to apply it to the optimization for continuous functions, and the other is to use it as an optimization tool for routing protocol in wireless sensor network that is a discrete problem in real world. Research has shown that LSE is effective for the optimization for the continuous functions and also applicable for the discrete problem in real world. In addition, LSE has a special ability to balance search process from exploration to exploitation gradually.
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Emmanuel, Wamalwa, Neyole Edward, Poipoi Moses, Ringera William, Otomu Geoffrey, Bitok Monicah und Mbaluka Rosemary. „Condom Use Determinants and Practices Among People Living with HIV in Kisii County, Kenya“. Open AIDS Journal 9, Nr. 1 (13.11.2015): 104–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874613601509010104.
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The male condom remains the single, most efficient and available technology to reduce sexual transmission of HIV as well as sexually transmitted infections. This study sought to establish condom use determinants and practices among people living with HIV (PLHIVs) in Kisii County, Kenya. We interviewed 340 PLHIVs and 6 health workers. Although most PLHIVs had correct knowledge and approved condoms as effective for HIV prevention, consistent use and condom use at last sex were notably low especially among PLHIVs aged 18 – 24, those who depended on remittances from kin as main source of income, as well as during sex with secondary and casual partners. This study notes that knowledge on various benefits of using condoms is associated with enhanced condom use practices. Non-disclosure of HIV status to secondary and casual partners remains a key barrier to condom use among PLHIVs Our observations highlight the need to further promote condom use among specific PLHIVs socio-demographic groups who continue to exhibit low condom use rates.
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Grudzińska, Magdalena. „Effect of glazing type on the energy demand in a living space“. Budownictwo i Architektura 12, Nr. 3 (11.09.2013): 039–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/bud-arch.1986.
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The paper presents analyses of heating and cooling demand in a typical living space, depending on the use of various spectrally selective glazing. The calculations were performed with the use of dynamic simulation program, changing the window orientation towards cardinal directions and assuming building compartments with different thermal storage capacity. The results enabled choosing the best glazing combination, which gives the minimal energy demand during the whole year.
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Toporkov, Volodymyr. „TRANSFORMATION AS A MEANS OF INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF THE USE OF LIVING SPACE“. Current problems of architecture and urban planning, Nr. 56 (21.02.2020): 293–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2077-3455.2020.56.293-304.
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