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Kumar, Deepak, Janak Raj Sharma und Lorentz Jăntschi. „A Novel Family of Efficient Weighted-Newton Multiple Root Iterations“. Symmetry 12, Nr. 9 (10.09.2020): 1494. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12091494.
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We propose a novel family of seventh-order iterative methods for computing multiple zeros of a nonlinear function. The algorithm consists of three steps, of which the first two are the steps of recently developed Liu–Zhou fourth-order method, whereas the third step is based on a Newton-like step. The efficiency index of the proposed scheme is 1.627, which is better than the efficiency index 1.587 of the basic Liu–Zhou fourth-order method. In this sense, the proposed iteration is the modification over the Liu–Zhou iteration. Theoretical results are fully studied including the main theorem of local convergence analysis. Moreover, convergence domains are also assessed using the graphical tool, namely, basins of attraction which are symmetrical through the fractal like boundaries. Accuracy and computational efficiency are demonstrated by implementing the algorithms on different numerical problems. Comparison of numerical experiments shows that the new methods have an edge over the existing methods.
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Chen, Yin, Baoyindureng Wu und Xinhui An. „Wiener Index of Graphs with Radius Two“. ISRN Combinatorics 2013 (03.03.2013): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/906756.
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The Wiener index of a graph is the sum of the distances between all pairs of vertices. It has been one of main descriptors that correlate a chemical compound's molecular graph with experimentally gathered data regarding the compound's characteristics. We characterize graphs with the maximum Wiener index among all graphs of order . with radius two. In addition, we pose a conjecture concerning the minimum Wiener index of graphs with given radius. If this conjecture is true, it will be able to answer an open question by You and Liu (2011).
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Hausken, John, Kjersti Lønning, Linda Johnsen, Pål-Dag Line, Kristian Heldal und Karsten Midtvedt. „FP745 LIU COMORBIDITY INDEX PREDICTS ICU ADMISSION AND SURVIVAL POST KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION“. Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 33, suppl_1 (01.05.2018): i297. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ndt/gfy104.fp745.
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Mu, Yi, Andrew I. Chin, Abhijit V. Kshirsagar, Yi Zhang und Heejung Bang. „Regional and Temporal Variations in Comorbidity Among US Dialysis Patients: A Longitudinal Study of Medicare Claims Data“. INQUIRY: The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing 55 (01.01.2018): 004695801877116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0046958018771163.
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Medicare claims data are commonly used to query comorbidities for case-mix adjustment in research of patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in the United States. These adjustments may affect reimbursement and quality rating through comparative profiling and ranking of dialysis facilities. We studied regional and temporal variations in comorbidity from claims data in the United States Renal Data System. Patients with a previous 1-year Medicare history who initiated dialysis therapy between 2006 and 2009 were examined with a follow-up period until 2012. By linking pre- and post-ESRD Medicare claims with the Dartmouth Atlas, we carried out a longitudinal data analysis with multivariable adjustment to investigate regional and temporal variations in the Liu comorbidity index. We identified 23 336 incident hemodialysis patients who were covered by Medicare the year prior to dialysis initiation and had survived with complete 3 years of follow-up data. With the United States divided into 4 geographic regions, the Western region was found to have the lowest Liu index over all 3 follow-up years, compared with the respective years in the other regions (Midwest, Northeast, and South). In comparison with the first year, the Liu index dropped significantly during the second and third years of follow-up across all 4 regions. Significant regional and temporal variations observed in the comorbidity index cannot be explained by differences in reimbursement (average per state) or predialysis comorbidity. Based on our exploratory study, future studies should focus on identifying the factors and reasons for these variations which have the potential to affect health care policy and research.
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Yu, Guihai, Lihua Feng und Aleksandar Ilic. „The largest n - 1 Hosoya indices of unicyclic graphs“. Filomat 30, Nr. 9 (2016): 2573–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fil1609573y.
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The Hosoya index Z(G) of a graph G is defined as the total number of edge independent sets of G. In this paper, we extend the research of [J. Ou, On extremal unicyclic molecular graphs with maximal Hosoya index, Discrete Appl. Math. 157 (2009) 391-397.] and [Y. Ye, X. Pan, H. Liu, Ordering unicyclic graphs with respect to Hosoya indices and Merrifield-Simmons indices, MATCH Commun. Math. Comput. Chem. 59 (2008) 191-202.] and order the largest n - 1 unicyclic graphs with respect to the Hosoya index.
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Tuğcu, Murat, Umut Kasapoğlu, Gülizar Şahin und Süheyla Apaydın. „The Factors Affecting Survival in Geriatric Hemodialysis Patients“. International Journal of Nephrology 2018 (10.07.2018): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/5769762.
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Introduction. The number of geriatric patients is increasing in hemodialysis population over the years and mortality is higher in this group of patients. This study evaluated the factors affecting geriatric hemodialysis patient survival. Materials and Methods. This retrospective cohort study enrolled patients discharged from our nephrology clinic from 2009 to 2014. Data collected included demographics, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group-Performance Status, vascular access type, and metabolic parameters. Comorbidity was quantified using the modified Liu comorbidity index. The outcome measure was mortality. Results. The study enrolled 99 elderly dialysis patients (42.4% women (n = 42); mean age 75 ± 7 years). The mean follow-up duration was 19.7 ± 11 months. The mortality rate over the four years was 47.5% (n = 46). The modified Liu comorbidity index score, patient age, and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group-Performance Status were significantly related to mortality in univariate and multivariate analyses. Conclusion. The present study revealed that comorbidities and low performance status at the onset of dialysis had shortened the survival time in the geriatric hemodialysis patient group.
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Brown, I. David. „A redetermination of the structure of poly[[μ4-(R)-2-ammonio-3-sulfonatopropanoato]aquasodium], originally reported as poly[[μ7-L-cysteato(2−)]disodium]“. Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 68, Nr. 4 (10.03.2012): m393. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600536812009683.
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The structure originally reported as poly[[μ7-L-cysteato(2−)]disodium], [Na2(C3H5NO5S)]n[Liu (2002).Acta Cryst. E67, m1346–m1347], has been redetermined with one of the sodium atoms replaced with a water molecule and an additional proton attached to the amine group, resulting in the revised formula [Na{CO2CH(CH2SO3)NH3}(H2O)]n. The agreement index,wR, has been reduced from 0.159 to 0.087 and the global instability index from 0.56 vu (valence units) to the acceptable value of 0.11 vu.
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Liu, Chin, und Yi Shi-Gong. „Chin Liu strain rate sensitivity index–strain equation of superplasticity and influence of specimen geometry“. Materials Science and Technology 6, Nr. 2 (Februar 1990): 141–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/mst.1990.6.2.141.
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Qu, Huimin, und Jie Han. „Driving Factors for the Change of Fertilizer Use Intensity in China and Its Six Major Regions“. International Business Research 14, Nr. 10 (08.09.2021): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v14n10p71.
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China has invested excessive amounts of fertilizer on limited farmland, which poses a threat to human health and agro-ecological environment. While a plethora of studies have explored how to reduce the total amount of chemical fertilizer, and scant attention has been paid to how to reduce the chemical fertilizer use intensity (FUI). This paper aims to explore the driving factors for the change of FUI to answer this question. It uses the official statistics of China from 1997 to 2017, as well as index decomposition analysis (IDA) and Laspeyres index decomposition method to obtain the following results. The change of fertilizer use intensity can be affected by three factors: input-output ratio of fertilizer (IOR), unit labor output (ULO) and labor input per unit sown area (LIU). At the national level, IOR is the most important factor in reducing the use of chemical fertilizers, while ULO is the most important factor in increasing. The factor of LIU can not only reduce the intensity of fertilizer use, but also increase the intensity. On a regional level, the fertilizer use intensity in Central-South China is the strongest, while that in the Southwest China is the smallest. Compared with other regions, the factors of ULO in Northwest China and IOR in East China have the greatest impact on fertilizer use intensity. In addition, LIU mainly reduces the intensity of fertilizer use in Northeast China, while this factor in North China is to increase the intensity. Our findings suggest that farmers should not increase labor productivity by investing chemical fertilizer. Improving the efficiency of fertilizer use and transferring rural labor force can reduce the fertilizer use intensity in China.
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Li, Xu, Maqsood Ahmad, Muhammad Javaid, Muhammad Saeed und Jia-Bao Liu. „Bounds on General Randić Index for F-Sum Graphs“. Journal of Mathematics 2020 (30.08.2020): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9129365.
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A topological invariant is a numerical parameter associated with molecular graph and plays an imperative role in the study and analysis of quantitative structure activity/property relationships (QSAR/QSPR). The correlation between the entire π-electron energy and the structure of a molecular graph was explored and understood by the first Zagreb index. Recently, Liu et al. (2019) calculated the first general Zagreb index of the F-sum graphs. In the same paper, they also proposed the open problem to compute the general Randić index RαΓ=∑uv∈EΓdΓu×dΓvα of the F-sum graphs, where α∈R and dΓu denote the valency of the vertex u in the molecular graph Γ. Aim of this paper is to compute the lower and upper bounds of the general Randić index for the F-sum graphs when α∈N. We present numerous examples to support and check the reliability as well as validity of our bounds. Furthermore, the results acquired are the generalization of the results offered by Deng et al. (2016), who studied the general Randić index for exactly α=1.
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Hodoshima, Jiro, und Toshiyuki Yamawake. „Sensitivity of Performance Indexes to Disaster Risk“. Risks 9, Nr. 2 (13.02.2021): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/risks9020040.
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We examine how sensitive the new performance indexes incorporating high moments and disaster risk are to disaster risk. The new performance indexes incorporating high moments and disaster risk are the Aumann-Serrano performance index and Foster-Hart performance index proposed by Kadan and Liu. These performance indexes provide evaluations sensitive to the underlying risk. We show, by numerical examples and empirical examples, how sensitive these indexes are to disaster risk. Although these indexes are known to be either quite sensitive or excessively sensitive to disaster risk or maximum loss in the literature, we show by the regression analysis of the index and summary statistics these indexes are in fact not excessively sensitive to maximum loss in representative stock data, which contain disastrous observations. The numerical estimate of the Foster-Hart performance index is found to be effective in showing the performance index. Our analysis suggests these indexes can handle various empirical data containing quite disastrous observations.
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Wang, Yuxing, und Chunyu Wei. „A Four-Zone Model and Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis of Solution Multiplicity of Buoyancy Ventilation in Underground Building“. Complexity 2020 (31.08.2020): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8658797.
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The solution multiplicity of natural ventilation in buildings is very important to personnel safety and ventilation design. In this paper, a four-zone model of buoyancy ventilation in typical underground building is proposed. The underground structure is divided to four zones, a differential equation is established in each zone, and therefore, there are four differential equations in the underground structure. By solving and analyzing the equilibrium points and characteristic roots of the differential equations, we analyze the stability of three scenarios and obtain the criterions to determine the stability and existence of solutions for two scenarios. According to these criterions, the multiple steady states of buoyancy ventilation in any four-zone underground buildings for different stack height ratios and the strength ratios of the heat sources can be obtained. These criteria can be used to design buoyancy ventilation or natural exhaust ventilation systems in underground buildings. Compared with the two-zone model in (Liu et al. 2020), the results of the proposed four-zone model are more consistent with CFD results in (Liu et al. 2018). In addition, the results of proposed four-zone model are more specific and more detailed in the unstable equilibrium point interval. We find that the unstable equilibrium point interval is divided into two different subintervals corresponding to the saddle point of index 2 and the saddle focal equilibrium point of index 2, respectively. Finally, the phase portraits and vector field diagrams for the two scenarios are given.
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Al-Hassany, Gheidaa Sabeeh. „Calculated the diffuse and direct parts of global solar radiation in Baghdad city for the period (1983-2005) depending on clearness index by applying the two world models of Liu -Jordan“. Iraqi Journal of Physics (IJP) 12, Nr. 25 (12.02.2019): 94–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.30723/ijp.v12i25.309.
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In this paper solar radiation was studied over a region of Baghdad (Latitude 33.3o and longitude 44.4o). The two parts of global solar radiation: diffuse and direct solar radiation were estimated depending on the clearance index of measured data (Average Monthly mean global solar radiation). Metrological data of measured (average monthly mean diffuse and direct solar radiation) were used to comparison the results and show the agreement between them. Results are determined by applying Liu and Jordan two models (1960). Excel 2007program is used in calculation, graphics and comparison the results.
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Hu, Qing Guo, Shu Yuan Xu, Xin Zhi Song und Zhong Ming He. „Research on Speed Limit of Highway Expansion Project Construction Zone“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 641-642 (September 2014): 711–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.641-642.711.
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The reasonable speed limit would reduce the detrimental impact on the driving safety and traffic jam in Highway expansion project high slope work zone. The study based on the investigation of Liu Nan highway’s traffic capacity, speed, traffic flow and other related index, which researched the vehicles queuing length of the different lane width in expansion project construction zone. The result is that 1/2 lane occupied need limit speed step by step in the warning area, 1/3 lane occupied limit 60km/h and 1/4 lane occupied limit 80km/h.
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Kara, Engin. „SECTORAL DIFFERENCES IN PRICE-ADJUSTMENT FREQUENCIES AND OPTIMAL MONETARY POLICY: A NOTE“. Macroeconomic Dynamics 19, Nr. 3 (14.11.2013): 708–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1365100513000552.
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This paper reconsiders the monetary policy implications of a model from which a distinction between CPI inflation and PPI inflation arises. More specifically, this paper addresses the policy conclusion by K. Huang and Z. Liu [2005, Inflation targeting: What inflation rate to target, Journal of Monetary Economics 52, 1435–1462], which states that central banks should use an optimal inflation index that gives substantial weight to stabilizing both CPI and PPI. This paper argues that these authors' findings rely on the assumption that producer prices are as sticky as consumer prices and shows that once empirically relevant frequencies of price adjustment are used to calibrate the model, CPI inflation receives substantial weight in the optimal inflation index. Moreover, this rule is remarkably robust to uncertainty regarding the model parameters.
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Iban˜ez, Manuel, William A. Beckman und Sanford A. Klein. „Frequency Distributions for Hourly and Daily Clearness Indices“. Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 124, Nr. 1 (01.07.2001): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1445443.
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The clearness index for hourly and daily radiation is an important parameter in describing solar radiation. Liu and Jordan demonstrated that the monthly average daily clearness index could be used to predict the long-term distribution of daily solar radiation in a month. This paper reviews recent literature on the prediction of hourly and daily frequency distributions and cumulative frequency distributions of clearness indices. Ten years of measured weather data for six cities in the U.S. are used to investigate the nature of the hourly and daily frequency distributions. A second set of ten years of data for six cities is used to verify the predictions. A bi-exponential probability density function is proposed that fits the observed bimodal nature of the data better than existing models. A case is made for the function being universal.
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Liu, Qing, Chen Ling, Deyuan Li und Liang Peng. „BIAS-CORRECTED INFERENCE FOR A MODIFIED LEE–CARTER MORTALITY MODEL“. ASTIN Bulletin 49, Nr. 2 (05.04.2019): 433–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/asb.2019.9.
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AbstractAs a benchmark mortality model in forecasting future mortality rates and hedging longevity risk, the widely employed Lee–Carter model (Lee, R.D. and Carter, L.R. (1992) Modeling and forecasting U.S. mortality. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 87, 659–671.) suffers from a restrictive constraint on the unobserved mortality index for ensuring model’s identification and a possible inconsistent inference. Recently, a modified Lee–Carter model (Liu, Q., Ling, C. and Peng, L. (2018) Statistical inference for Lee–Carter mortality model and corresponding forecasts. North American Actuarial Journal, to appear.) removes this constraint and a simple least squares estimation is consistent with a normal limit when the mortality index follows from a unit root or near unit root AR(1) model with a nonzero intercept. This paper proposes a bias-corrected estimator for this modified Lee–Carter model, which is consistent and has a normal limit regardless of the mortality index being a stationary or near unit root or unit root AR(1) process with a nonzero intercept. Applications to the US mortality rates and a simulation study are provided as well.
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Niu, Fu, Rui Xia Zhao und Qing Hua Luan. „Analysis of Precipitation-Complexity Distribution in Changing Environment in Liu-Kuang Zone of Qingzhang River, China“. Advanced Materials Research 838-841 (November 2013): 2780–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.838-841.2780.
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The frequency and time of precipitation can influence the storage, allocation and management of water resources. But the precipitation frequency becomes more random and the precipitation process becomes more complexity due to the climate change and human activities, which increases the difficulty of technology and management. In this research, the fractal dimension based on Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) as the index of the precipitation complexity is applied to describe the precipitation process; using it, the complexity distributions of different precipitation processes in Liu-Kuang zone of Qingzhang basin China in different periods is illuminated respectively. The result indicates that in research region: (1) the annual precipitation frequency in the late period is less than that in the early period; (2) the urbanization and human activities increase the precipitation frequency. This result can reflect the frequency change of precipitation in changing environment and provide reference for the decision-making of water resources management in the local basin.
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Yu, Hai-Jun, Xiao-Long Lin, Rui-Lei Zhang, Qian Wang und Xin-Hua Wang. „Species delimitation and life stage association of Propsilocerus Kieffer, 1923 (Diptera, Chironomidae) using DNA barcodes“. ZooKeys 975 (12.10.2020): 79–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.957.54668.
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The utility of COI DNA barcodes in species delimitation is explored as well as life stage associations of five closely related Propsilocerus species: Propsilocerus akamusi (Tokunaga, 1938), Propsilocerus paradoxus (Lundström, 1915), Propsilocerus saetheri Wang, Liu et Paasivirta, 2007, Propsilocerus sinicus Sæther et Wang, 1996, and Propsilocerus taihuensis (Wen, Zhou et Rong, 1994). Results revealed distinctly larger interspecific than intraspecific divergences and indicated a clear “barcode gap”. In total, 42 COI barcode sequences including 16 newly generated DNA barcodes were applied to seven Barcode Index Numbers (BINs). A neighbor-joining (NJ) tree comprises five well-separated clusters representing five morphospecies. Comments on how to distinguish the larvae of P. akamusi and P. taihuensis are provided.
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Palmieri, Deborah Anne. „States and Markets: Comparing Japan and Russia. By Guoli Liu. Boulder: Westview Press, 1994. xiii, 165 pp. Index. Hard bound.“ Slavic Review 54, Nr. 3 (1995): 824–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2501831.
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Yu, Xisheng, und Qiang Liu. „Canonical Least-Squares Monte Carlo Valuation of American Options: Convergence and Empirical Pricing Analysis“. Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/763751.
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The paper by Liu (2010) introduces a method termed the canonical least-squares Monte Carlo (CLM) which combines a martingale-constrained entropy model and a least-squares Monte Carlo algorithm to price American options. In this paper, we first provide the convergence results of CLM and numerically examine the convergence properties. Then, the comparative analysis is empirically conducted using a large sample of the S&P 100 Index (OEX) puts and IBM puts. The results on the convergence show that choosing the shifted Legendre polynomials with four regressors is more appropriate considering the pricing accuracy and the computational cost. With this choice, CLM method is empirically demonstrated to be superior to the benchmark methods of binominal tree and finite difference with historical volatilities.
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Lieberthal, Kenneth. „How China is Ruled. By Alan P. Liu. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1986. xiv, 366 pp. Appendix, Notes, Index. $18.95.“ Journal of Asian Studies 46, Nr. 1 (Februar 1987): 125–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2056678.
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Vetter, Tilmann. „MING-WOOD LIU, Madhyamaka Thought in China, Sinica Leidensia, Volume XXX. Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1994. 288 pp. Notes, Bibliographical References, Index.“ T'oung Pao 84, Nr. 1 (1998): 177–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568532982630813.
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Wen, Fei, You Zhang und Muchun Li. „Spectra of Subdivision Vertex-Edge Join of Three Graphs“. Mathematics 7, Nr. 2 (13.02.2019): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math7020171.
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In this paper, we introduce a new graph operation called subdivision vertex-edge join (denoted by G 1 S ▹ ( G 2 V ∪ G 3 E ) for short), and then the adjacency spectrum, the Laplacian spectrum and the signless Laplacian spectrum of G 1 S ▹ ( G 2 V ∪ G 3 E ) are respectively determined in terms of the corresponding spectra for a regular graph G 1 and two arbitrary graphs G 2 and G 3 . All the above can be viewed as the generalizations of the main results in [X. Liu, Z. Zhang, Bull. Malays. Math. Sci. Soc., 2017:1–17]. Furthermore, we also determine the normalized Laplacian spectrum of G 1 S ▹ ( G 2 V ∪ G 3 E ) whenever G i are regular graphs for each index i = 1 , 2 , 3 . As applications, we construct infinitely many pairs of A-cospectral mates, L-cospectral mates, Q-cospectral mates and L -cospectral mates. Finally, we give the number of spanning trees, the (degree-)Kirchhoff index and the Kemeny’s constant of G 1 S ▹ ( G 2 V ∪ G 3 E ) , respectively.
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Thi Lan, Leng, Dinh Tran Ngoc Huy, Nguyen Dinh Trung und Nguyen Thi Hang. „Meanings Of Weighted Beta Capm Index And Beta Derminants Of Vietcombank In Vietnam During Pre-Low Inflation Time 2011-2016 In The Concept Of Sustainability“. Journal of University of Shanghai for Science and Technology 23, Nr. 08 (16.08.2021): 497–510. http://dx.doi.org/10.51201/jusst/21/08367.
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The aim of this study is to figure out the meanings of weighted beta index in bank sector and beta determinants of Vietcombank -VCB during pre-low (L) inflation period 2011-2016. In reality Vietcombank has gained many achievements but also there are certain weaknesses. Hung and Liu (2005) tested the volatility of airline betas in the capital asset pricing and three-factor pricing models, as well as exploring the potential factors affecting their values. While Fama and Frech (2004) suggest to add firm size into traditional formula of beta CAPM. The study results tell us that Market risk can increased and This may be caused by the increase in lending rate and decrease in both CPI and G (from our regression OLS). Therefore, governmental agencies need to reduce lending rate and increase GDP growth and not decreasing much CPI.
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Gonçalves, Roberta A., Marcos V. Pereira und Fathi A. Darwish. „On the applicability of multiaxial high cycle fatigue criteria to metallic materials“. MATEC Web of Conferences 165 (2018): 16013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201816516013.
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A comparative study is made of the applicability of critical plane based multiaxial high cycle fatigue models to predicting the fatigue behavior of metallic materials. A number of models, namely Matake, McDiarmid, Carpinteri and Spagnoli, Liu and Mahadevan and Papadopoulos, were applied to fatigue limit states, involving synchronous fully reversed in-phase sinusoidal bend and torsion loading. The results obtained indicated a good predictive capability of the models with an average error index situated approximately between -5,5% and 4,5%. However, this average was limited to less than 3% for the latter three models. Finally, the critical plane orientation, which, for a given material, is characteristic of the proper model, is compared with that of the fracture plane, exclusively determined by the ratio between the shear stress and normal stress amplitudes.
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Mai, Zhen-Hao, Yu Huang, Di Huang, Zi-Sheng Huang, Zhi-Xiang He, Pei-Lin Li, Shuai Zhang, Jie-Feng Weng und Wei-Li Gu. „Reversine and herbal Xiang–Sha–Liu–Jun–Zi decoction ameliorate thioacetamide-induced hepatic injury by regulating the RelA/NF-κB/caspase signaling pathway“. Open Life Sciences 15, Nr. 1 (15.09.2020): 696–710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/biol-2020-0059.
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AbstractThis study investigated the anti-fibrotic effects of reversine and Chinese medicine Xiang–Sha–Liu–Jun–Zi decoction (XSLJZD) on thioacetamide (TAA)-induced hepatic injury. Sprague-Dawley rats were intraperitoneally administered with TAA, then injected with reversine intraperitoneally, and/or orally provided with XSLJZD. TAA resulted in liver injury with increases in the liver index and levels of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase. Reversine alleviated the liver index and AST level and improved TAA-induced pathological changes but decreased TAA-induced collagen deposition, and α-smooth muscle actin and transforming growth factor-β1 expression. Reversine also modulated the mRNA levels of inflammatory cytokines, such as RelA, interleukin (IL)-17A, IL-22, IL-1β, IL-6, NLR family pyrin domain containing 3, platelet-derived growth factor, and monocyte chemoattractant protein, and suppressed nuclear factor (NF)-κB (p65) phosphorylation and caspase 1 activation. Meanwhile, XSLJZD protected TAA-injured liver without increasing fibrosis and enhanced the regulating effect of reversine on RelA, IL-17A, IL-1β, and MCP-1 cytokines. In conclusion, reversine ameliorates liver injury and inhibits inflammation reaction by regulating NF-κB, and XSLJZD protects the liver through its synergistic effect with reversine on regulating inflammatory cytokines.
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Arora, Vishal, und Vadlamani Ravi. „Data Mining using Advanced Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm and Application to Bankruptcy Prediction“. International Journal of Information Systems and Social Change 4, Nr. 3 (Juli 2013): 33–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jissc.2013070103.
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Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) is gaining popularity as data mining technique in the domain of Swarm Intelligence for its simple, accurate and comprehensive nature of classification. In this paper the authors propose a novel advanced version of the original ant colony based miner (Ant-Miner) in order to extract classification rules from data. They call this Advanced ACO-Miner (ADACOM). The main goal of ADACOM is to explore the flexibility of using a different knowledge extraction heuristic approach viz. Gini’s Index to increase the predictive accuracy and the simplicity of the rules extracted. Further, the authors increase the information and the prediction level of the set of rules extracted by dynamically changing specific parameters. Simulations are performed with ADACOM on a few benchmark datasets Wine, WBC (Wisconsin Breast Cancer) and Iris from UCI (University of California at Irvine) data repository and compared with Ant-Miner (Parpinelli, Lopes, & Freitas, 2002), Ant-Miner2 (Liu, Abbass, & McKay, 2002), Ant-Miner3 (Liu, Abbass, & McKay, 2003), Ant-Miner+ (Martens, De Backer, Haesen, Vanthienen, Snoeck, & Baesens, 2007) and C4.5 (Quinlan, 1993). The results show that ADACOM outperforms the above mentioned algorithms in terms of predictive accuracy, simplicity of rules, sensitivity, specificity and AUC values (area under ROC curve). In addition, the ADACOM is also employed to extract rules from bank datasets (UK, US, Spanish and Turkish) for bankruptcy prediction and the results are compared with that obtained by Ant-Miner. Again ADACOM yielded better results and is proven to be the better choice for solving bankruptcy prediction problems in banks
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Steinhardt, Nancy Shatzman. „Chinese Architecture By Laurence G. Liu. New York: Rizzoli International Publications, Inc., 1989. 297 pp. Maps, Illustrations, Notes, Glossary, Bibliography, Index. $75.00.“ Journal of Asian Studies 49, Nr. 3 (August 1990): 635–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2057788.
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Tow, Sharon. „Neuro-ophthalmology—Diagnosis and Management. Liu GT, Volpe NJ, Baletta SL. New York, W.B. Saunders, 2001. 756 pages, index, illustrated. About $135.00“. American Journal of Ophthalmology 131, Nr. 4 (April 2001): 532. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9394(01)00820-0.
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Taylor, Jean Gelman. „Indonesia. China and the shaping of Indonesia, 1949–1965. By Hong Liu. Singapore: NUS Press, 2011. Pp. 274. Illustrations, Notes, Bibliography, Index.“ Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 44, Nr. 1 (14.12.2012): 180–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022463412000732.
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Zhang, Xiujun, H. M. Awais, M. Javaid und Muhammad Kamran Siddiqui. „Multiplicative Zagreb Indices of Molecular Graphs“. Journal of Chemistry 2019 (06.12.2019): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5294198.
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Mathematical modeling with the help of numerical coding of graphs has been used in the different fields of science, especially in chemistry for the studies of the molecular structures. It also plays a vital role in the study of the quantitative structure activities relationship (QSAR) and quantitative structure properties relationship (QSPR) models. Todeshine et al. (2010) and Eliasi et al. (2012) defined two different versions of the 1st multiplicative Zagreb index as ∏Γ=∏p∈VΓdΓp2 and ∏1Γ=∏pq∈EΓdΓp+dΓq, respectively. In the same paper of Todeshine, they also defined the 2nd multiplicative Zagreb index as ∏2Γ=∏pq∈EΓdΓp×dΓq. Recently, Liu et al. [IEEE Access; 7(2019); 105479–-105488] defined the generalized subdivision-related operations of graphs and obtained the generalized F-sum graphs using these operations. They also computed the first and second Zagreb indices of the newly defined generalized F-sum graphs. In this paper, we extend this study and compute the upper bonds of the first multiplicative Zagreb and second multiplicative Zagreb indices of the generalized F-sum graphs. At the end, some particular results as applications of the obtained results for alkane are also included.
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Liu, S., J. Y. Yang, C. F. Drury, H. L. Liu und W. D. Reynolds. „Simulating maize (Zea mays L.) growth and yield, soil nitrogen concentration, and soil water content for a long-term cropping experiment in Ontario, Canada“. Canadian Journal of Soil Science 94, Nr. 3 (August 2014): 435–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss2013-096.
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Liu, S., Yang, J. Y., Drury, C. F., Liu, H. L. and Reynolds, W. D. 2014. Simulating maize (Zea mays L.) growth and yield, soil nitrogen concentration, and soil water content for a long-term cropping experiment in Ontario, Canada. Can. J. Soil Sci. 94: 435–452. A performance assessment of the Decision Support Systems for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) model (v4.5) including the CERES-Maize and CENTURY modules was conducted for continuous maize production under annual synthetic fertilization (CC-F) and no fertilization (CC-NF) using field data from a long-term (53-yr) cropping experiment in Ontario, Canada. The assessment was based on the accuracy with which DSSAT could simulate measured grain yield, above-ground biomass, leaf area index (LAI), soil inorganic nitrogen concentration, and soil water content. Model calibration for maize cultivar was achieved using grain yield measurements from CC-F between 2007 and 2012, and model evaluation was achieved using soil and crop measurements from both CC-F and CC-NF for the same 6-yr period. Good model–data agreement for CC-F grain yields was achieved for calibration (index of agreement, d=0.99), while moderate agreement for CC-NF grain yields was achieved for evaluation (d=0.79). Model–data agreement for above-ground biomass was good (d=0.83–1.00), but the model consistently underestimated for CC-F and overestimated for CC-NF. DSSAT achieved good model–data agreement for LAI in CC-F (d=0.82–0.99), but moderate to poor agreement in CC-NF (d=0.46–0.64). The CENTURY module of DSSAT simulated soil inorganic nitrogen concentrations with moderate to good model–data agreement in CC-F (d=0.74–0.88), but poor agreement in CC-NF (d=0.40–0.50). The model–data agreement for soil water content was moderate in 2007 and 2008 for both treatments (d=0.60–0.76), but poor in 2009 (d=0.46–0.53). It was concluded that the DSSAT cropping system model provided generally good to moderate simulations of continuous maize production (yield, biomass, LAI) for a long-term cropping experiment in Ontario, Canada, but generally moderate to poor simulations of soil inorganic nitrogen concentration and soil water content.
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Morley, J. E., J. Huang, V. Liu, M. L. Anderson, C. E. Drenten, R. P. Radecki, D. K. Nishijima, M. E. Reed und D. R. Vinson. „The accuracy of an electronic Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index auto-populated from the electronic health record“. Applied Clinical Informatics 06, Nr. 02 (2015): 318–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4338/aci-2014-12-ra-0116.
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Summary Background: The Pulmonary Embolism (PE) Severity Index identifies emergency department (ED) patients with acute PE that can be safely managed without hospitalization. However, the Index comprises 11 weighted variables, complexity that can impede its integration into contextual work-flow. Objective: We designed a computerized version of the PE Severity Index (e-Index) to automatically extract the required variables from discrete fields in the electronic health record (EHR). We tested the e-Index on the study population to determine its accuracy compared with a gold standard generated by physician abstraction of the EHR on manual chart review. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included adults with objectively-confirmed acute PE in four community EDs from 2010–2012. Outcomes included performance characteristics of the e-Index for individual values, the number of cases requiring physician editing, and the accuracy of the e-Index risk category (low vs. higher). Results: For the 593 eligible patients, there were 6,523 values automatically extracted. Fifty one of these needed physician editing, yielding an accuracy at the value-level of 99.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 99.0%-99.4%). Sensitivity was 96.9% (95% CI, 96.0%-97.9%) and specificity was 99.8% (95% CI, 99.7%-99.9%). The 51 corrected values were distributed among 47 cases: 43 cases required the correction of one variable and four cases required the correction of two. At the risk-category level, the e-Index had an accuracy of 96.8% (95% CI, 95.0%-98.0%), under-classifying 16 higher-risk cases (2.7%) and over-classifying 3 low-risk cases (0.5%). Conclusion: Our automated extraction of variables from the EHR for the e-Index demonstrates substantial accuracy, requiring a minimum of physician editing. This should increase user acceptability and implementation success of a computerized clinical decision support system built around the e-Index, and may serve as a model to automate other complex risk stratification instruments. Citation: Vinson DR, Morley JE, Huang J, Liu V, Anderson ML, Drenten CE, Radecki RP, Nishijima DK, Reed ME. The accuracy of an electronic pulmonary embolism severity index auto-populated from the electronic health record. Appl Clin Inf 2015; 6: 318–333http://dx.doi.org/10.4338/ACI-2014-12-RA-0116
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Butt, Muhammad Ali, und Nikolai Lvovich Kazansky. „Narrowband perfect metasurface absorber based on impedance matching“. Photonics Letters of Poland 12, Nr. 3 (30.09.2020): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4302/plp.v12i3.1041.
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We presented a numerical investigation of a metamaterial narrowband perfect absorber conducted via a finite element method based on commercially available COMSOL software. The periodic array of silicon meta-atoms (MAs) are placed on 80 nm thick gold layer. The broadband light at normal incidence is blocked by the gold layer and silicon MAs are used to excite the surface plasmon by scattering light through it. Maximum absorption of 95.7 % is obtained at the resonance wavelength of 1137.5 nm due to the perfect impedance matching of the electric and magnetic dipoles. The absorption is insensitive to the wide-angle of incidence ranging from 0 to 80 degrees. We believe that the proposed metamaterial device can be utilized in solar photovoltaic and biochemical sensing applications. Full Text: PDF ReferencesY. Cheng, X.S. Mao, C. Wu, L. Wu, R.Z. Gong, "Infrared non-planar plasmonic perfect absorber for enhanced sensitive refractive index sensing", Optical Materials, 53, 195-200 (2016). CrossRef S. S. Mirshafieyan, D.A. Gregory, "Electrically tunable perfect light absorbers as color filters and modulators", Scientific Reports,8, 2635 (2018). CrossRef D.M. Nguyen, D. Lee, J. Rho, "Control of light absorbance using plasmonic grating based perfect absorber at visible and near-infrared wavelengths", Scientific Reports, 7, 2611 (2017). CrossRef Y. Sun, Y. Ling, T. Liu, L. Huang, "Electro-optical switch based on continuous metasurface embedded in Si substrate", AIP Advances, 5, 117221 (2015). CrossRef H. Chu, Q. Li, B. Liu, J. Luo, S. Sun, Z. H. Hang, L. Zhou, Y. Lai, "A hybrid invisibility cloak based on integration of transparent metasurfaces and zero-index materials", Light: Science & Applications, 7, 50 (2018). CrossRef S. K. Patel, S. Charola, J. Parmar, M. Ladumor, "Broadband metasurface solar absorber in the visible and near-infrared region", Materials Research Express, 6, 086213 (2019). CrossRef Q. Qian, S. Ti, C. Wang, "All-dielectric ultra-thin metasurface angular filter", Optics Letters, 44, 3984 (2019). CrossRef P. Yu et al., "Broadband Metamaterial Absorbers", Advanced Optical Materials, 7, 1800995 (2019). CrossRef Y. J. Kim et al., "Flexible ultrathin metamaterial absorber for wide frequency band, based on conductive fibers", Science and Technology of advanced materials, 19, 711-717 (2018). CrossRef N.L. Kazanskiy, S.N. Khonina, M.A. Butt, "Plasmonic sensors based on Metal-insulator-metal waveguides for refractive index sensing applications: A brief review", Physica E, 117, 113798 (2020). CrossRef H. E. Nejad, A. Mir, A. Farmani, "Supersensitive and Tunable Nano-Biosensor for Cancer Detection", IEEE Sensors Journal, 19, 4874-4881 (2019). CrossRef
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Javaid, M., M. Abbas, Jia-Bao Liu, W. C. Teh und Jinde Cao. „Topological Properties of Four-Layered Neural Networks“. Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing Research 9, Nr. 2 (01.04.2019): 111–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jaiscr-2018-0028.
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Abstract A topological property or index of a network is a numeric number which characterises the whole structure of the underlying network. It is used to predict the certain changes in the bio, chemical and physical activities of the networks. The 4-layered probabilistic neural networks are more general than the 3-layered probabilistic neural networks. Javaid and Cao [Neural Comput. and Applic., DOI 10.1007/s00521-017-2972-1] and Liu et al. [Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing Research, 8(2018), 225-266] studied the certain degree and distance based topological indices (TI’s) of the 3-layered probabilistic neural networks. In this paper, we extend this study to the 4-layered probabilistic neural networks and compute the certain degree-based TI’s. In the end, a comparison between all the computed indices is included and it is also proved that the TI’s of the 4-layered probabilistic neural networks are better being strictly greater than the 3-layered probabilistic neural networks.
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Liu, X. Y., Q. Gao, M. Han und J. H. Jin. „The <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> estimates of the late Eocene in South China based on stomatal density of <i>Nageia</i> Gaertner leaves“. Climate of the Past Discussions 11, Nr. 4 (01.07.2015): 2615–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cpd-11-2615-2015.
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Abstract. late Eocene pCO2 concentration is estimated based on the species of Nageia maomingensis Jin et Liu from the late Eocene of Maoming Basin, Guangdong Province. This is the first paleoatmospheric estimates for the late Eocene of South China using stomatal data. Studies of stomatal density (SD) and stomatal index (SI) with N. motleyi (Parl.) De Laub., the nearest living equivalent species of the fossil, indicate that the SD inversely responds to atmospheric CO2 concentration, while SI has almost no relationships with atmospheric CO2 concentration. Therefore, the pCO2 concentration is reconstructed based on the SD of the fossil leaves in comparison with N. motleyi. Results suggest that the mean CO2 concentration was 391.0 ± 41.1 ppmv or 386.5 ± 27.8 ppmv during the late Eocene, which is significantly higher than the CO2 concentrations documented from 1968 to 1955 but similar to the values for current atmosphere indicating that the Carbon Dioxide levels during that the late Eocene at that time may have been similar to today.
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Guanghong, Li, und Zhang Yulin. „The evolutionary characteristics of the network attention of the five tourism performing arts products on the time scale“. E3S Web of Conferences 292 (2021): 03017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202129203017.
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Network attention is the intuitive expression of tourism demand and behavior habits on the Internet, with the help of Baidu Index platform to obtain the online attention of the five major tourism performing arts products from 2015 to 2019, and use quantitative methods to analyze their annual, monthly and weekly changes. The results are as follows, from the perspective of interannual change, the network attention of “Ancient Love of Song City” and “Amazing Xiangxi” shows an upward trend, while the rest of the impression series products show negative growth; from the perspective of monthly change, the network attention of “Impression Liu Sanjie", “Ancient Love of Song City” and “Impression West Lake” has seasonal characteristics; the overall change trend is mainly affected by the National Day holiday and summer vacation, the curve trend of “Impression Lijiang” and “Amazing Xiangxi” is relatively stable; from the weekly change, the weekly change of tourism performing arts products is very small.
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Xu, Qimin. „Orientation Singularity Analysis of Parallel Manipulators“. IAES International Journal of Robotics and Automation (IJRA) 5, Nr. 4 (01.12.2016): 295. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijra.v5i4.pp295-304.
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<p>In this paper, an approach for orientation singularity analysis of parallel manipulators (PMs) is proposed by introducing several performance indices referred to the<br />unique form of screw based Jacobian in the velocity transmission as well as force transmission. Here, to prove the effectiveness of the approach, an example of 3 degrees of freedom (DOF) prismatic-revolute-spherical (PRS) parallel manipulator (PM) is first presented to illustrate the fact that the distributions of singularity boundary of the proposed approach is consistence with the result referred to nonredunant PMs by Liu et al. [22]. Further, the proposed approach is an appropriate one not only for nonredunant PMs, but also for a class of redunant PMs by providing another example of the redunant variable geometry truss (VGT) PM, since the performance index of orientation singularity for the manipulator can be<br />created only by determining the unique form of screw based Jacobian.</p>
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Xue, Ting, und Huiqi Liu. „The prediction of petition based on Big Data“. Information Discovery and Delivery 47, Nr. 3 (19.08.2019): 135–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/idd-08-2018-0031.
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Purpose The development of Big Data and online searching engine provides a good opportunity for studying petition in China. This study has constructed a set of indices for predicting petitions in China by using online searching engines and further explored the predicting role of economic, environment and public life risk perception in various petitions. Design/methodology/approach Based on the study of Xue and Liu (2017), this research first re-classified offline petition by human and cluster analysis in terms of social risk perception and built online searching indices of the two sets of petition by using data from “Google Trend” and “Baidu Index.” Second, it analyzed the predicting effect of social risk perception on online searching indices of petition by using Granger causality analysis. Finally, this study integrated the results and selected significant paths from social risk perception to the two sets of petition. Findings The study found that the re-classification made by human was more appropriate than the categories made by cluster analysis in terms of social risk perception. For the two sets of petition, the correlations between offline petition and Baidu Index of petition were both more significant than that of Google index. Moreover, economic and finance and resource and environment risk perception had a significant predicting effect on more than one kind of online searching indices of petition. Originality/value The results have demonstrated the important role of economic issues in China on predicting petitions of the economic kind, as well as other kinds. They have also reflected the dominant social contradictions and their relationship in modern China.
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Hannawi, S., H. Hannawi, M. Alamadi, R. Sultan und I. Al Salmi. „AB0244 BODY MASS INDEX AND BODY COMPOSITIONS CORRELATES WITH CAROTID INTIMA MEDIA THICKNESS IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS“. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (Juni 2020): 1422.1–1422. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.2423.
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Background:Risk of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) had been reported in overweight obese compared with normal weight people. More, obesity is associated with high prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in RA. No previous publications have examined the detailed body composition parameters among RA, or its relation to CVD in RA.Objectives:This study looked at the body composition and the body mass index and correlated it with the subclinical cardiovascular disease as manifested by carotid intima media thickness (cIMT).Methods:During 2019, a cross-sectional study was carried out to recruit cases that met the 2010 American College of Rheumatology/EULAR criteria for diagnosis of RA. All the patients were free of cardiovascular and or cerebrovascular disease. Patients with clinical diagnosis of hypertension, diabetes, renal disease, dyslipidemia, thyroid disorder and pregnant female were excluded. None of the participants is smoker or had history of smoking.cMIT ultrasound (US) measures were obtained using a real-time US scanner equipped with a 7.5 MHz linear probe by a single sonographer. Patients underwent a detailed body composition analysis within the same week of the cIMT measurement. The body composition analysis involved assessing the level of total body water, protein, minerals, body fat mass, intra- and extracellular water, basal metabolic rate, waist hip ratio, visceral fat level, obesity degree, bone mineral content, body cell mass, arm and arm muscle circumference, detailed muscle fat analysis, obesity analysis, segmental lean analysis, weight control parameters, and segmental fat analysis.Results:During 2019, 35 female RA patients were recruited that met the inclusion criteria. The mean (SD) of the age was 52 (10) with a minimum of 20 and maximum of 72 years old. The mean (SD) of cIMT was 0.59 (0.098) mm with a minimum of 0 .38 and maximum of 0.87. The mean (SD) of the BMI was 30.7 (7.0) with a minimum of 20 and maximum of 56.9 Kg/m2. Mean systolic blood pressure was 126 (19) with a minimum of 91 and maximum of 140 mmHg. Also, the mean diastolic blood pressure was mmHg 74 (11) with a minimum of 49 and maximum of 96.The correlation of cIMT with the parameters of the body composition in a linear regression analysis showed a positive linear relationship between cIMT and each of the Body fat mass (kg): P=0.045, CI 0.000-0.004), BMI (p=0.029, CI: 0.001, 0 .009), the target weight (p=0.040, CI: 0.000- 0.001), extracellular water (P=0.033, CI: 0.002, 0.034) and bone mineral content (p=0.031, CI: 0.009, 0.192).The Multiple linear regression analysis showed persistence of the relationship between the cIMT and the age of the participants (p=0.049, CI:0.001-0.007) and the BMI (p=0.031, CI: 0.002- 0.032), with R2of the model was 0.38.Conclusion:To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper to examine the detailed body composition parameters among RA and found a good correlation with subclinical cardiovascular disease as manifested by cIMT. More research with larger study population is needed to look at the association between body mass index and CVD risk factor in RA.References:[1]Body mass index and the risk of rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. Qin B, Yang M, Fu H, Ma N, Wei T, Tang Q, Hu Z, Liang Y, Yang Z, Zhong R. Arthritis Res Ther. 2015; 17(1): 86. doi: 10.1186/s13075-015-0601-x[2]Body Mass Index and the Risk of Rheumatoid Arthritis: An Updated Dose-Response Meta-Analysis. Feng X, Xu X, Shi Y, Liu X, Liu H, Hou H, Ji L, Li Y, Wang W, Wang Y, Li D. Biomed Res Int. 2019; 2019: 3579081. doi: 10.1155/2019/3579081Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Dhawan, S. M., B. M. ,. Gupta und N. K. Singh. „Global Machine-learning Research: a scientometric assessment of global literature during 2009–18“. World Digital Libraries-An International Journal 13, Nr. 2 (01.12.2020): 105–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.18329/09757597/2020/13209.
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The article provides a quantitative and qualitative analyses of global machine-learning research output (48,455 publications), using select bibliometric indicators, using Web of Science database for 2009–18 period. The various indicators used in this study are: average annual growth, citations per paper, international collaborative papers, relative citation index, activity index, top-productive countries, organizations, authors, journals, and highly cited papers. Machine learning (within the domain of artificial intelligence) as a subject of study has fast-emerged as a subject of intensive research. It registered average annual growth rate of 27.59% and averaged citation impact of 10.78 per paper. Among 138 participating countries, the USA and China were in top 10 most productive countries on the subject. Among top 10 countries, France and Canada were the leading countries in terms of average citation per paper and relative index. France and Australia were leading in terms of for their national-level share to international collaborative publications (64.95% and 63.95%, respectively). In terms of type of machine learning, supervised learning registered the largest publications’ share, followed by deep learning, semi-supervised learning and reinforced learning (0.89% share, 556 papers). Centre National De La Recherche Scientique, France (769 papers), Harvard University, USA (751 papers) and University of London, UK (729 papers) were the three most productive global research organizations. In contrast, University of Toronto, Canada, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore and University of Oxford, UK were the three leading organizations in terms of citation per paper and relative citation index. Y. Zhang (246 papers), Y. Liu (204 papers) and J. Wang (203 papers) were leading in publication productivity in contrast to J. Li (12.52 and 1.03). L. Zhang (12.42 and 1.02) and J. Zhang (11.23 and 0.92) scored high in citation per paper and relative citation index on the subject. Neurocomputing (1310 papers), PLOS One (917 papers) and Expert Systems with Applications (861 papers) were the leading journals on this subject.
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Maatallah, K., M. Hfaidh, H. Ferjani, W. Triki, D. Kaffel und W. Hamdi. „FRI0415 BODY MASS INDEX AND STATIC FOOT DISORDERS IN GONARTHROSIC PATIENTS“. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (Juni 2020): 806.3–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.6337.
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Background:Several studies have shown that there is a link between body mass index (BMI) and painful foot imputed to a biomechanical change in foot structure [1].Objectives:Our objective was to study the association between BMI and static foot disorders in gonarthrosic subjects.Methods:It was a prospective descriptive study conducted in the rheumatology department of the Mohamed Kassab Institute of Orthopedics with 60 patients with Gonarthrosis. The socio-demographic data of the patients were studied. BMI was calculated for all patients. Static foot disorders have been studied.Results:Sixty patients were included, 83.3% of whom were female. The average age was 55.2 years [38-78 years]. The disease has been evolving for an average of 6 years [1-13 years]. The lesion was bilateral in 80% of cases, the average body mass index was 30.4 kg / m2 [24-36]. Knee arthritis was classified as stage I, II and III according to the Kellgren and Lawrence classification in 18.5%, 55.6% and 25.9% of patients respectively. The foot examination involved 108 gonarthrosic limbs. Examination of the integuments showed hyperkeratosis in 94.4% of the cases (79.6% calluses and 83.3% callosities). Forefoot deformities were Hallux valgus (HV) in 52.8% of cases and overlapping toes in 18.5% of cases. Pronation deformity using the Foot Posture Index (FPI) was found in 51.9% of cases. Abnormal lowering of navicular bone was noted in 51.9%. The podoscopic impression revealed flat feet in 73.2% of the cases.A statistically significant association was found between BMI and the presence of calluses (31.21 ± 2.897 vs26.83 ± 1.425, p <0.001), with HV (31.37 ± 3.086 vs29.49 ± 2.969, p = 0.002), at the overlap of the toes (33.2 ± 1.361vs29.86 ± 1.130, p <0.001), with the lowering of the navicular bone (31.17 ± 2.885vs29.68 ± 3.304, p = 0.015), FPI (p = 0.003) and flat podoscopic impression (p <0.001).Conclusion:BMI is strongly associated with static feet disorders in gonarthrosic patients by aggravating the postural changes in the foot caused by knee osteoarthritis [2]. Obesity is associated mainly with the existence of flat feet, pronation of the foot, toes deformities and hyperkeratosis.References:[1]Steele JR, Mickle KJ, Munro B. Fat flat frail feet: how does obesity affect the older foot. XXII Congress of the International Society of Biomechanics; 2009[2]Norton AA, Callaghan JJ, Amendola A, Phisitkul P, Wongsak S, Liu SS, et al. Correlation of knee and hindfoot deformities in advanced knee OA: compensatory hindfoot alignment and where it occurs. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2015;473(1):166-74Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Liu, X. Y., Q. Gao, M. Han und J. H. Jin. „Estimates of late middle Eocene <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> based on stomatal density of modern and fossil <i>Nageia</i> leaves“. Climate of the Past 12, Nr. 2 (10.02.2016): 241–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-241-2016.
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Abstract. Atmospheric pCO2 concentrations have been estimated for intervals of the Eocene using various models and proxy information. Here we reconstruct late middle Eocene (42.0–38.5 Ma) pCO2 based on the fossil leaves of Nageia maomingensis Jin et Liu collected from the Maoming Basin, Guangdong Province, China. We first determine relationships between atmospheric pCO2 concentrations, stomatal density (SD) and stomatal index (SI) using “modern” leaves of N. motleyi (Parl.) De Laub, the nearest living species to the Eocene fossils. This work indicates that the SD inversely responds to pCO2, while SI has almost no relationship with pCO2. Eocene pCO2 concentrations can be reconstructed based on a regression approach and the stomatal ratio method by using the SD. The first approach gives a pCO2 of 351.9 ± 6.6 ppmv, whereas the one based on stomatal ratio gives a pCO2 of 537.5 ± 56.5 ppmv. Here, we explored the potential of N. maomingensis in pCO2 reconstruction and obtained different results according to different methods, providing a new insight for the reconstruction of paleoclimate and paleoenvironment in conifers.
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Zheng, Yu, und Wen-Han Qian. „An Enhanced Ray-Shooting Approach to Force-Closure Problems“. Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering 128, Nr. 4 (24.06.2006): 960–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2336259.
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Force-closure is a fundamental topic in grasping research. Relevant problems include force-closure test, quality evaluation, and grasp planning. Implementing the well-known force-closure condition that the origin of the wrench space lies in the interior of the convex hull of primitive wrenches, Liu presented a ray-shooting approach to force-closure test. Because of its high efficiency in 3D work space and no limitation on the contact number of a grasp, this approach is advanced. Achieving some new results of convex analysis, this paper enhances the above approach in three aspects. (a) The exactness is completed. In order to avoid trouble or mistakes, the dimension of the convex hull of primitive wrenches is taken into account, which is always ignored until now. (b) The efficiency is increased. A shortcut which skips some steps of the original force-closure test is found. (c) The scope is extended. Our simplified ray-shooting approach yields a grasp stability index suitable for grasp planning. Numerical examples in fixturing and grasping show the enhancement superiority.
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Hu, Anning. „Reassessing Disparity in Access to Higher Education in Contemporary China“. China Quarterly 220 (24.11.2014): 1123–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741014001167.
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AbstractIn this commentary on the research note by Wang Xiaobing, Chengfang Liu, Linxiu Zhang, Yaojiang Shi and Scott Rozelle, “College is a rich, Han, urban, male club: research notes from a census survey of four tier one colleges in China,” I address several caveats in using the relative disparity index in assessing the extent of inequality in access to higher education. Based on these discussions, I point out the potential limitations existing in the empirical study of Wang and colleagues, and reassess the extent of disparity in college education opportunities in contemporary China using data from the 2010 Chinese General Social Survey. Although the descriptive patterns consolidate the study of Wang and colleagues, only household registration status is significantly associated with the likelihood of attending college. These findings indicate that disparities per gender, economic status, and ethnicity based on a limited number of colleges are likely to be subject to sampling errors. Finally, no interaction effects between socio-demographic factors are detected. I offer some reflections on the disproportionality approach in the research of education inequality.
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He, Yong, Hao Sun, Jiadong Ji und Xinsheng Zhang. „Robust feature screening for multi-response trans-elliptical regression model with ultrahigh-dimensional covariates“. Random Matrices: Theory and Applications 09, Nr. 04 (04.11.2019): 2150001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010326321500015.
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In this paper, we innovatively propose an extremely flexible semi-parametric regression model called Multi-response Trans-Elliptical Regression (MTER) Model, which can capture the heavy-tail characteristic and tail dependence of both responses and covariates. We investigate the feature screening procedure for the MTER model, in which Kendall’ tau-based canonical correlation estimators are proposed to characterize the correlation between each transformed predictor and the multivariate transformed responses. The main idea is to substitute the classical canonical correlation ranking index in [X. B. Kong, Z. Liu, Y. Yao and W. Zhou, Sure screening by ranking the canonical correlations, TEST 26 (2017) 1–25] by a carefully constructed non-parametric version. The sure screening property and ranking consistency property are established for the proposed procedure. Simulation results show that the proposed method is much more powerful to distinguish the informative features from the unimportant ones than some state-of-the-art competitors, especially for heavy-tailed distributions and high-dimensional response. At last, a real data example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed procedure.
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Liou, Yuei-An, Ji-Chyun Liu, Chung-Chih Liu, Chun-Hsu Chen, Kim-Anh Nguyen und James P. Terry. „Consecutive Dual-Vortex Interactions between Quadruple Typhoons Noru, Kulap, Nesat and Haitang during the 2017 North Pacific Typhoon Season“. Remote Sensing 11, Nr. 16 (07.08.2019): 1843. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11161843.
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This study utilizes remote sensing imagery, a differential averaging technique and empirical formulas (the ‘Liou–Liu formulas’) to investigate three consecutive sets of dual-vortex interactions between four cyclonic events and their neighboring environmental air flows in the Northwest Pacific Ocean during the 2017 typhoon season. The investigation thereby deepens the current understanding of interactions involving multiple simultaneous/sequential cyclone systems. Triple interactions between Noru–Kulap–Nesat and Noru–Nesat–Haitung were analyzed using geosynchronous satellite infrared (IR1) and IR3 water vapor (WV) images. The differential averaging technique based on the normalized difference convection index (NDCI) operator and filter depicted differences and generated a new set of clarified NDCI images. During the first set of dual-vortex interactions, Typhoon Noru experienced an increase in intensity and a U-turn in its direction after being influenced by adjacent cooler air masses and air flows. Noru’s track change led to Fujiwhara-type rotation with Tropical Storm Kulap approaching from the opposite direction. Kulap weakened and merged with Noru, which tracked in a counter-clockwise loop. Thereafter, in spite of a distance of 2000–2500 km separating Typhoon Noru and newly-formed Typhoon Nesat, the influence of middle air flows and jet flows caused an ‘indirect interaction’ between these typhoons. Evidence of this second interaction includes the intensification of both typhoons and changing track directions. The third interaction occurred subsequently between Tropical Storm Haitang and Typhoon Nesat. Due to their relatively close proximity, a typical Fujiwhara effect was observed when the two systems began orbiting cyclonically. The generalized Liou–Liu formulas for calculating threshold distances between typhoons successfully validated and quantified the trilogy of interaction events. Through the unusual and combined effects of the consecutive dual-vortex interactions, Typhoon Noru survived 22 days from 19 July to 9 August 2017 and migrated approximately 6900 km. Typhoon Noru consequently became the third longest-lasting typhoon on record for the Northwest Pacific Ocean. A comparison is made with long-lived Typhoon Rita in 1972, which also experienced similar multiple Fujiwhara interactions with three other concurrent typhoons.
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Keshtegar, Behrooz, und Mahmoud Miri. „Introducing conjugate gradient optimization for modified HL-RF method“. Engineering Computations 31, Nr. 4 (27.05.2014): 775–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ec-09-2012-0225.
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Purpose – Generally, iterative methods which have some instability solutions in complex structural and non-linear mechanical problems are used to compute reliability index. The purpose of this paper is to establish a non-linear conjugate gradient (NCG) optimization algorithm to overcome instability solution of the Hasofer-Lind and Rackwitz-Fiessler (HL-RF) method in first-order reliability analysis. The NCG algorithms such as the Conjugate-Descent (CD) and the Liu-Storey (LS) are used for determining the safety index. An algorithm is found based on the new line search in the reliability analysis. Design/methodology/approach – In the proposed line search for calculating the safety index, search direction is computed by using the conjugate gradient approach and the HL-RF method based on the new and pervious gradient vector of the reliability function. A simple step size is presented for the line search in the proposed algorithm, which is formulated by the Wolfe conditions based on the new and previous safety index results in the reliability analysis. Findings – From the current work, it is concluded that the proposed NCG algorithm has more efficient, robust and appropriate convergence in comparison with the HL-RF method. The proposed methods can eliminate numerical instabilities of the HL-RF iterative algorithm in highly non-linear performance function and complicated structural limit state function. The NGC optimization is applicable to reliability analysis and it is correctly converged on the reliability index. In the NCG method, the CD algorithm is slightly more efficient than the LS algorithm. Originality/value – This paper usefully shows how the HL-RF algorithm and the NCG scheme are formulated in first-order reliability analysis. The proposed algorithm is validated from six numerical and structural examples taken from the literature. The HL-RF method is not converged on several non-linear mathematic and complex structural examples, while the two proposed conjugate gradient methods are appropriately converged for all examples. The CD algorithm is converged about twice faster than the LS algorithm in most of the problems. Therefore, application of the NCG method is possible in reliability analysis.
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Chen, Guoqing, Jiwang Zhang, Peng Liu und Shuting Dong. „An empirical model for changes in the leaf area of maize“. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 94, Nr. 4 (Mai 2014): 749–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps2013-2221.
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Chen, G., Zhang, J., Liu, P. and Dong, S. 2014. An empirical model for changes in the leaf area of maize. Can. J. Plant Sci. 94: 749–757. Accurate predictions of the leaf area index (LAI) are critical for many crop growth simulation models and essential for simulating crop growth and yield. In this paper, we present a new empirical leaf area model that simulates LAI for different maize (Zea mays L.) varieties under different cultivation conditions. Based on leaf morphological development, the model describes the two processes of leaf growth: expansion and senescence. The effect of planting density and nitrogen on LAI was also simulated in the model. A nitrogen sensitivity parameter was used to distinguish the different varieties. The model predictions were compared with field measurements of LAI for four varieties under different conditions. The results showed that the new model can correctly simulate LAI for maize under different cultivation conditions. The sensitivity analyses revealed that the new LAI model was very sensitive to lle (the length of the ear leaf) and VN (fertilizer sensitivity parameters of cultivars). The new model facilitates the simulation of maize leaf growth and senescence at the population level.