Bücher: „Limit states method“

1

Allen, Tony M. Application of the K-̥stiffness method to reinforce soil wall limit states design. [Olympia, Wash.]: Washington State Dept. of Transportation, 2001.

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2

Weichert, Dieter. Limit States of Materials and Structures: Direct Methods. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009.

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3

Spiliopoulos, Konstantinos, und Dieter Weichert, Hrsg. Direct Methods for Limit States in Structures and Materials. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6827-7.

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4

Mead, Kenneth M. Highway safety: Monitoring practices to show compliance with speed limits should be re-examined : statement of Kenneth M. Mead ... before the Subcommittee on Surface Transportation, Committee on Public Works and Transportation, United States House of Representatives. [Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. General Accounting Office, 1988.

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5

Mead, Kenneth M. Highway safety: Monitoring practices to show compliance with speed limits should be re-examined : statement of Kenneth M. Mead ... before the Subcommittee on Surface Transportation, Committee on Public Works and Transportation, United States House of Representatives. [Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. General Accounting Office, 1988.

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6

Mead, Kenneth M. Highway safety: Monitoring practices to show compliance with speed limits should be re-examined : statement of Kenneth M. Mead ... before the Subcommittee on Surface Transportation, Committee on Public Works and Transportation, United States House of Representatives. [Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. General Accounting Office, 1988.

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7

Office, General Accounting. Highway safety: Monitoring practices to show compliance with speed limits should be reexamined : briefing report to the chairman, Subcommittee on Water Resources, Transportation, and Infrastructure, Committee on Environment and Public Works, U.S. Senate. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1988.

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8

Office, General Accounting. Highway safety: Motorcycle helmet laws save lives and reduce costs to society : report to congressional requesters. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1991.

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9

Office, General Accounting. Highway safety: Causes of injury in automobile crashes : report to Congressional requesters. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1995.

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10

Office, General Accounting. Highway safety: Reliability and validity of DOT crash tests : report to Congressional requesters. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1995.

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11

Office, General Accounting. Highway safety: Have automobile weight reductions increased highway fatalities? : report to Congressional requesters. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1991.

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12

Office, General Accounting. Highway safety: Federal and state efforts to address rural road safety challenges : report to congressional committees. Washington, D.C: GAO, 2004.

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13

Office, General Accounting. Highway safety: Safety belt use laws save lives and reduce costs to society : report to Congressional requesters. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1992.

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14

Office, General Accounting. Highway safety: Factors affecting involvement in vehicle crashes : report to Congressional requesters. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1994.

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15

Irmgard, Marboe. Part V Remedies and Costs, 25 Compensation and Damages in Investment Treaty Arbitration. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198758082.003.0025.

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Investor-state arbitration is different from commercial arbitration between two private entities in that the involvement of a state or a state entity may entail considerations connected to sovereignty. States as sovereigns have certain rights and prerogatives stemming from the right to self-determination and their responsibility to safeguard public interests. On the other hand, states are also bound by the obligations they have freely decided to enter into. This chapter provides an overview of some important issues and problems in the calculation of compensation and damages in investor-state arbitration. It starts with the legal rules applicable and then addresses some important issues which must be identified in practice, such as causation and the valuation date. Thereafter, it discusses the circumstances which might limit the amount of compensation or damages before concluding with some remarks about the appropriate valuation method.

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16

Weichert, Dieter, und Konstantinos Spiliopoulos. Direct Methods for Limit States in Structures and Materials. Konstantinos Spiliopoulos, 2013.

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17

1937-, Arnold L., und Kotelenez P. 1943-, Hrsg. Stochastic space-time models and limit theorems. Dordrecht: D. Reidel Pub. Co., 1985.

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18

Brandt, Kasper. Illicit financial flows and the Global South: A review of methods and evidence. UNU-WIDER, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35188/unu-wider/2020/926-6.

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Illicit financial flows (IFFs) constitute a major challenge for development in the Global South, as domestic resource mobilization is imperative for providing crucial public services. While several methods offer to measure the extent of IFFs, each has its benefits and drawbacks. Critically, methods based on the balance of payments identity may capture licit as well as illicit flows, and a method based on macroeconomic trade discrepancies suffers from doubtful assumptions. The most convincing estimate to date demonstrates that individuals hold financial assets worth around ten per cent of global GDP in tax havens. Evidence further indicates that countries in the Global South are more exposed to individuals and multinational enterprises illicitly transferring money out of the country. Further research is warranted on profit shifting out of countries in the Global South and the effectiveness of anti-IFF policies in countries outside Europe and the United States.

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19

Housing finance: Implications of alternative methods of adjusting the conforming loan limit : report to congressional requesters. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1994.

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20

Samet, Jonathan M., und Lynn Goldman. Regulation. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190238667.003.0069.

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This chapter provides a broad overview of governmental regulatory approaches to controlling exposure to carcinogens in air, water, food, drugs, and other consumer products. It covers general principles and approaches and the increasing emphasis on in vitro high-throughput testing to screen chemicals for potential toxicity. It focuses specifically on statutes related to the United States, while giving lesser coverage to approaches in Europe. The focus is at the federal level, even though states may also promulgate regulations. Although epidemiologic evidence and animal testing have historically provided the basis for regulations to limit exposure to environmental carcinogens, it is hoped that alternative testing methods that use high-throughput in vitro screening will accelerate testing of unregulated chemicals and limit reliance on animal bioassays.

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21

St John, Taylor. Intergovernmental Discussion and Ratification of ICSID. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198789918.003.0006.

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Chapter five analyzes initial state responses to the idea of ICSID. The Bank invited states to send legal experts, even if these individuals were not government officials. Despite their shared methods and language, these experts-designate expressed a variety of views about investor–state arbitration during the consultative conferences. Some experts from capital-importing states were convinced by the Bank’s argument that joining ICSID would improve their investment climate, but many questioned this argument. While the Bank argued that ICSID merely institutionalized existing practice, many experts-designate found the Convention’s potential legal implications unsettling. Several experts-designate expressed concern about the consequences of elevating investors to equal standing with states. Others, especially in the Asian consultative conference, were concerned about public policy implications, and in particular that the Convention might constrain domestic policymaking. Many experts-designate sought tighter limits on the Convention’s jurisdiction, and the Bank relied on the Convention’s double-consent requirement to assuage these concerns.

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22

Medicare: Comparison of two methods of computing home health care cost limits : report to congressional committees. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1991.

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23

Gottfredson, Michael, und Travis Hirschi. Modern Control Theory and the Limits of Criminal Justice. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190069797.001.0001.

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Modern Control Theory and the Limits of Criminal Justice updates and extends the authors’ classic general theory of crime (sometimes referred to as “self-control theory”). In Part I, contemporary evidence about the theory is summarized. Research from criminology, psychology, economics, education, and public health substantially supports the lifelong influence of self control as a significant cause of problem behaviors, including delinquency and crime, substance abuse, school problems, many forms of accidents, employment instability, and many poor health outcomes. Contemporary evidence is supportive of the theory’s focus on early socialization for creation of higher levels of self control and other dimensions of the theory, including the roles of self control, age and the generality or versatility of problem behaviors, as well as the connections between self control and later teen and adult problem behaviors. The book provides methodological assessments of research on the theory, contrasting the control theory perspective with other developmental perspectives in criminology. The role of opportunity, the relationship between self and social control theory, and the role of motivation are addressed. In Part II, control theory is taken to be a valid theory and is used to explore the role of criminal sanctions, especially policing and prisons, and policies about immigration, as methods to impact crime. Modern control theory provides an explanation for the general lack of effectiveness of formal, state sanctions on crime and instead provides substantial justification for prevention of delinquency and crime by a focus on childhood. The theory effectively demonstrates the limits of criminal sanctions and the connection between higher levels of self control and positive life-course outcomes.

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24

Krzywdzinski, Martin. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198806486.003.0001.

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How is workplace consent created in authoritarian countries that limit participation rights, not only in the political sphere, but also in the workplace? Although authoritarian countries make up a large proportion of the states in existence today, there are few comparative studies of work in authoritarian societies. This introduction presents the study’s main questions and research design as well as the theories, methods, and data used in the analysis. It introduces the concept of consent and discusses the particularities of consent generation in authoritarian societies and workplaces. It compares Russia and China as the world’s two biggest authoritarian countries and reviews their similarities—mainly their shared post-communist past—and differences regarding labor regulation and socioeconomic development.

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25

Glazov, M. M. Electron Spin Decoherence by Nuclei. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198807308.003.0007.

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The discussion of the electron spin decoherence and relaxation phenomena via the hyperfine interaction with host lattice spins is presented here. The spin relaxation processes processes limit the conservation time of spin states as well as the response time of the spin system to external perturbations. The central spin model, where the spin of charge carrier interacts with the bath of nuclear spins, is formulated. We also present different methods to calculate the spin dynamics within this model. Simple but physically transparent semiclassical treatment where the nuclear spins are considered as largely static classical magnetic moments is followed by more advanced quantum mechanical approach where the feedback of electron spin dynamics on the nuclei is taken into account. The chapter concludes with an overview of experimental data and its comparison with model calculations.

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26

Rudavsky, T. M. On Achieving Truth. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199580903.003.0003.

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Chapter 3 focuses upon the nature of science, and what it is that scholars are looking for when discussing the tension between science and Judaism. The focus is on the epistemological methods introduced by Jewish philosophers in grappling with the tensions between Athens and Jerusalem, between the domains of faith and reason, between Judaism and science broadly conceived. Not surprisingly, these methods, which emphasize the importance of Aristotelian demonstration, are often stated explicitly in the introductions and prefaces to the major works of medieval Jewish philosophers. Reading these introductions carefully will provide scholars with a means of viewing how these philosophers position their works against the backdrop of a wider scientific community. The chapter ends with the issue of heresy with respect to Spinoza, who in the seventeenth century tested the limits of faith.

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27

Anderwald, Lieselotte. World Englishes and Dialectology. Herausgegeben von Markku Filppula, Juhani Klemola und Devyani Sharma. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199777716.013.019.

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This chapter summarizes new approaches to the study of traditional dialects, in particular in Britain and the United States, and discusses how new methods, new results, and new topics of investigation may inform and enrich the study of World Englishes, too. Of particular importance may be the acknowledgement of widespread variability in the ‘homeland’ that is increasingly also historically attested and sociolinguistically described, the study of morphosyntactic variation as an area of language that seems to remain quite stable under settlement conditions, and the comparative study of present-day variability that indicates the breadth (and limits) of variability. In return, results from the comparative study of World Englishes also have the potential to enrich modern dialectology and sociolinguistics.

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28

Horne, Zachary, und Andrei Cimpian. Subtle Syntactic Cues Affect Intuitions about Knowledge. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198815259.003.0002.

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To investigate the nature and limits of knowledge, epistemologists often consult intuitions about whether people can be said to have knowledge or, alternatively, to know particular propositions. This chapter identifies a problem with this method. Although the intuitions elicited via statements about “knowledge” and “knowing” are treated as interchangeable sources of evidence, these intuitions actually differ. Building on prior psychological evidence, the chapter hypothesizes that the epistemic state denoted by the noun “knowledge” is viewed as stronger (e.g. more certain, more reliable) than the epistemic state denoted by the verb “know.” This hypothesis was supported by the results of six studies that used a variety of methodologies and data sources (e.g. philosophical texts, naive participants’ intuitions). This research has significant implications for epistemology: The syntactic structure of the linguistic examples offered as evidence for epistemological claims may influence the extent to which these examples provide intuitive support for the relevant claim.

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29

Highway safety: Effectiveness of state .08 blood alcohol laws : report to congressional committees. Washington, D.C. (P.O. Box 37050, Washington, D.C. 20013): The Office, 1999.

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30

S P, Sathe. 5 India: From Positivism to Structuralism. Oxford University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199226474.003.0006.

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The constitution of India is not merely a law prescribing a division of power and limits to power, but contains a bill of rights and positive directions to the State to establish a just social order. It incorporates the essential aspects of parliamentary democracy, federalism, provisions regarding inter-state trade, and commerce, among other features. This chapter discusses the salient features of the Indian constitution, directive principles, separation of powers, constitutional amendment, judicial review, problems and methods of constitutional interpretation, positivist and structuralist interpretation, constituent assembly and the role of the judiciary, legal positivism of the early years, external aids to interpretation, resolution of conflicts between constitutional provisions, freedom of religion, powers and privileges of legislatures, affirmative action for the weaker sections of society, freedom of speech, property rights, post-emergency judicial activism, independence of the judiciary, the court as a political institution, and institutional and cultural factors underlying constitutional interpretation.

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31

Albert, Tyler J., und Erik R. Swenson. The blood cells and blood count. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0265.

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Blood is a dynamic fluid consisting of cellular and plasma components undergoing constant regeneration and recycling. Like most physiological systems, the concentrations of these components are tightly regulated within narrow limits under normal conditions. In the critically-ill population, however, haematological abnormalities frequently occur and are largely due to non-haematological single- or multiple-organ pathology. Haematopoiesis originates from the pluripotent stem cell, which undergoes replication, proliferation, and differentiation, giving rise to cells of the erythroid, myeloid, and lymphoid series, as well as megakaryocytes, the precursors to platelets. The haemostatic system is responsible for maintaining blood fluidity and, at the same time, prevents blood loss by initiating rapid, localized, and appropriate blood clotting at sites of vascular damage. This system is complex, comprising both cellular and plasma elements, i.e. platelets, coagulation and fibrinolytic cascades, the natural intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of anticoagulation, and the vascular endothelium. A rapid, reliable, and inexpensive method of examining haematological disorders is the peripheral blood smear, which allows practitioners to assess the functional status of the bone marrow during cytopenic states. Red blood cells, which are primarily concerned with oxygen and carbon dioxide transport, have a normal lifespan of only 120 days and require constant erythropoiesis. White blood cells represent a summation of several circulating cell types, each deriving from the hematopoietic stem cell, together forming the critical components of both the innate and adaptive immune systems. Platelets are integral to haemostasis, and also aid our inflammatory and immune responses, help maintain vascular integrity, and contribute to wound healing.

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32

Trout, J. D. All Talked Out. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190686802.001.0001.

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Few topics animate, even polarize, philosophers, more than Naturalism, a doctrine which states that philosophy is continuous with, and perhaps even replaceable by, sciences worthy of the name. On one side, fans of technical progress believe that the sciences can indeed replace philosophy with something that allows us to reason and explain better. On the other, advocates of the humanities herald the insights and methods of disciplines seemingly beyond the reach of science. But these disputes are often more about turf than truth. All Talked Out exemplifies the power of science in a philosopher’s hands and takes a welcome look at the resulting fate of philosophy. Based on Trout’s Phi Beta Kappa Romanell Lectures, each chapter presents a novel and positive view of intellectual advances while addressing traditional topics in philosophy, and each chapter explains why these achievements occurred despite the archaic and often retrograde influence of philosophical doctrine and method. While foundational reflection remains as necessary as ever, philosophy, as it is conceived of in the halls of academia, no longer adds anything distinctively useful. At its best, philosophy is a place to grow new ideas. But many other disciplines can and do provide that incubation. In the end, we don’t have to kill philosophy; but we do have to figure out what it’s good for. Following a spirited Introduction, the first lecture takes stock of the growing field of evidence-based approaches to reasoning and, in light of these scientific developments, criticizes important failures in epistemology as it is currently practiced in the English-speaking world. The second lecture examines the psychological impulse to explain, the resulting sense of understanding, and the natural limits on cognitively appreciating the subject we have explained. The final lecture, on social policy, presents the proper reaction to the idea that scientific evidence matters to responsible governance.

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33

Stone Sweet, Alec, und Jud Mathews. Proportionality Balancing and Constitutional Governance. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198841395.001.0001.

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This book focuses on the law and politics of rights protection in democracies, and in human rights regimes in Europe, the Americas, and Africa. After introducing the basic features of modern constitutions, with their emphasis on rights and judicial review, the authors present a theory of proportionality that explains why constitutional judges embraced it. Proportionality analysis is a highly intrusive mode of judicial supervision: it permits state officials to limit rights, but only when necessary to achieve a sufficiently important public interest. Since the 1950s, virtually every powerful domestic and international court has adopted proportionality as the central method for protecting rights. In doing so, judges positioned themselves to review all important legislative and administrative decisions, and to invalidate them as unconstitutional when they fail the proportionality test. The result has been a massive—and global—transformation of law and politics. The book explicates the concepts of “trusteeship,” the “system of constitutional justice,” the “effectiveness” of rights adjudication, and the “zone of proportionality.” A wide range of case studies analyze: how proportionality has spread, and variation in how it is deployed; the extent to which the U.S. Supreme Court has evolved and resisted similar doctrines; the role of proportionality in building ongoing “constitutional dialogues” with the other branches of government; and the importance of the principle to the courts of regional human rights regimes. While there is variance in the intensity of proportionality-based dialogues, such interactions are today at the heart of governance in the modern constitutional state and beyond.

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34

Freed, Joanne Lipson. Haunting Encounters. Cornell University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501713767.001.0001.

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Beginning with the basic conviction that acts of cross-cultural reading have ethical consequences, Haunting Encounters traces the narrative strategies through which certain works fiction forge connections with their readers—in particular, their white, Western readers—across boundaries of difference. Through the formal and aesthetic negotiations they carry out, which both draw readers in and set limits on their imaginative engagements, these works respond in concrete ways to the asymmetries of their circulation and consumption in our contemporary global age. By bringing the tools and methods of rhetorical narrative theory to bear on well-known works of ethnic and postcolonial literature, Haunting Encounters revises existing models of narrative ethics—both those based on empathy, and those grounded in alterity—to account for the particular complications and stakes of staging cross-cultural encounters in and through fiction. Illustrating that both sameness and difference are essential elements of our ethical encounters with fictional texts, Haunting Encounters ultimately advocates for a practice of global, comparative literary analysis that is energized, rather than confounded, by this fundamental tension.

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35

Karapapa, Stavroula. Defences to Copyright Infringement. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198795636.001.0001.

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Defences to copyright infringement have gained increased significance over the past twenty years. The fourth industrial revolution emerged with the development of innovative copy-reliant services and business models, transforming the way in which copyright works can be used, from digital learning methods to mass digitization initiatives, media monitoring services, image transformation tools, and content mining technologies. The lawfulness of such innovative services and business methods, which arguably have the potential to enhance public welfare, is dubious and challenges copyright law. EU copyright contains specifically enumerated, narrowly drafted, and strictly interpreted defensive rules, often taking the form of the so-called exceptions and limitations to copyright. Because the fourth industrial revolution promises innovation and business growth—stated objectives of EU copyright—it invites an examination of defensive rules as a whole. The book adopts a holistic approach in its exploration of the limits of permissibility under EU copyright, including legislatively mentioned exceptions and limitations, doctrinal principles, and rules external to copyright, with a view to unveiling possible gaps and overlaps, offering a novel classification of defensive rules, and evaluating the adaptability of the law towards technological change. Discussing recent legislative developments, such as the provisions of the Digital Single Market Directive, Court of Justice of the European Union case law, and insights from national laws and cases, the book tells the story of copyright from the perspective of copyright defences, offering positivist and normative insights into law and doctrine and arguing towards a principle-based understanding of the scope of defences that could inform future law and policy making.

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36

Roth, Louise Marie. The Business of Birth. NYU Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479812257.001.0001.

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The Business of Birth examines the effects of malpractice and reproductive rights laws on maternity care practices in the US from 1995 to 2015. It is a common public belief that frivolous malpractice claims and women’s choices shape hospital birth practices. This book uses mixed methods to demonstrate that this belief is inaccurate. The Business of Birth carefully documents how there are interconnected systems of laws and policies, or legal “regimes,” that influence birth practices in unexpected ways. When it comes to malpractice, the standard of care that defines malpractice is internal to the medical profession. This means that tort laws do not exert the external pressure that physicians believe they do, although professional associations, liability insurers, risk managers, and hospital legal counsel reinforce a fear of liability risk. This fear can encourage obstetricians to intervene into labor and birth with scientifically unsupported technology or procedures with known risks. But reducing liability risk can encourage risky practices that promote organizational efficiency over patient safety. The Business of Birth also examines the implications of reproductive rights laws for maternity care practices, defining states that protect women’s reproductive rights as woman-centered and those that protect fetuses as fetus-centered. Reproductive justice theory argues that pregnant women’s rights during childbirth are connected to laws governing the full spectrum of reproduction. Woman-centered approaches to pregnancy and abortion promote choice, informed consent, and the right to bodily integrity when women give birth, while fetus-centered regimes limit women’s rights and choices during birth.

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37

Borzu, Sabahi. Compensation and Restitution in Investor-State Arbitration. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199601189.001.0001.

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This book presents a detailed study on compensation and restitution in investor state arbitration pursuant to investment treaties. The study begins by examining the historical roots of the principles of reparation, restitution, and compensation in international law as reflected in the landmark Chorzów Factory case. The roots of these principles are traced to Roman law and private law concepts that entered into the European continent's legal systems. Moving to modern times, the study focuses on the principle of reparation set out in the Chorzów Factory case and its requirement that reparation put the aggrieved party in the ‘hypothetical position’ that would have existed if not for the wrongful act. Restitution, both material and judicial, is discussed as a form of reparation. Compensation, by far the more common form of reparation in modern international investment disputes, is discussed in detail. In dealing with compensation for expropriation, this book examines the recent trends in which lawful and unlawful expropriation cases are distinguished and the impact that this distinction can have on the amount of compensation. This book additionally outlines some of the main valuation and accounting methods used in setting the hypothetical position to measure compensation due. Various forms of supplemental compensation, such as moral damages, interest, or arbitration costs, may also be necessary to fully restore the hypothetical position; these are discussed along with applicable limitations. This study also sets out important principles that may limit compensation generally, such as causation and the prohibition on double counting.

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38

Office, General Accounting. Highway safety: Monitoring practices to show compliance with speed limits should be reexamined : briefing report to the chairman, Subcommittee on Water Resources, Transportation, and Infrastructure, Committee on Environment and Public Works, U.S. Senate. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1988.

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39

Highway safety: Factors affecting involvement in vehicle crashes : report to Congressional requesters. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1994.

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40

Highway safety: Safety belt use laws save lives and reduce costs to society : report to Congressional requesters. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1992.

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41

Highway safety: Factors affecting involvement in vehicle crashes : report to Congressional requesters. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1994.

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42

Highway safety: Interim report on safety belt and motorcycle helmet effectiveness : report to the Subcommittee on Water Resources, Transportation, and Infrastructure, Committee on Environment and Public Works, U.S. Senate. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1991.

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43

Office, General Accounting. Highway safety: Trends in highway fatalities, 1975-1987 : report to the Chairman, Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight, Committee on Public Works and Transportation, House of Representatives. Washington, D.C: U.S. General Accounting Office, 1990.

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44

Highway safety: Reliability and validity of DOT crash tests : report to congressional requesters. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1995.

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45

Highway safety: Have automobile weight reductions increased highway fatalities? : report to congressional requesters. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1991.

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46

Montibeller, Gilberto Ristow. O Mito do desenvolvimento sustentável: Meio ambiente e custos sociais no moderno sistema produtor de mercadorias. Brazil Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31012/978-65-5861-451-7.

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In this book we analyse the sustainability question in the Modern Production System, which today encompasses most of the world economy. We present concepts, theories, indicators, indices, formulas, methods and historical date to examine the evolution and trends of two sustainable development dimensions: socioeconomic and environmental. We focus on the nature-economy nexus and analyse its contradictory process: the more the economics needs nature, the more its cause natural resources depletion and environmental degradation. The huge increase on CO2 emissions in the last three decades – from oil, coal and another non-renewable resources– provides strong evidence to such contradiction. We then analyze the role of material recycle as a solution against both, resources depletion and environmental degradation. Our analysis suggests that the recycle of materials can only contribute to reduce the problem. Moreover, there cycle process of materials depends, on many cases, of public or social subsidies – as financial incentives from the government and domestic material selection. The environment problem transcends borders (as an enterprise, a village, a city, or a country): one can be sustainable, but in fact transfer to other its environmental problem. We adopt the notion of Environmental Space to deal with the sustainability question. We then present and apply the concept of Eco-inequal Exchange to analyse such a question. The environmental movement, which started about fifty years ago, did transform the sustainable development into a global mission. By exposing socio-environmental problems generated by the modern production system itself, this book aims to contribute to a better understanding the limits and possibilities of ours actions as environmentalists.

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Office, General Accounting. Air pollution: Estimated benefits and costs of the Navajo Generating Station's emissions limit : report to the Chairman, Subcommittee on Water and Power Resources, Committee on Resources, House of Representatives. Washington, D.C. (P.O. Box 37050, Washington, D.C. 20013): The Office, 1998.

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