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1
Malafosse, Maxime, Amandine Pascal und Serge Amabile. „Commoning with blockchain. The Ğ1 libre currency/Duniter case“. Systèmes d'information & management Volume 27, Nr. 2 (18.11.2022): 7–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/sim.222.0007.
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Samson, Claude. „Le contrat de concession commerciale et le libre marché“. Les Cahiers de droit 21, Nr. 3-4 (12.04.2005): 787–823. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/042411ar.
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This paper deals with the exclusive sale contract or solus agreement. Its first part identifies some characteristic features of this type of agreement, which quite often is not only aimed at regulating the exercise of trade, but also serves as a technique of market organization and economic power concentration. The impact of the increasing currency of such commercial practices on the free market justifies consideration of the various forms of control that can be exercised by public authorities in order to preserve free competition. Control can be achieved through the judiciary applying concepts such as public order in civil law or public policy at common law. However, in view of the courts' reluctance to interfere with such instances of private economic power and their indifference towards the economic inequities inherent in such agreements for the distributor, legislative intervention has become necessary to protect the free market. Thus the Combines Investigation Act was amended in 1976 to allow regulation of commercial practices such as refusal to deal, consignment selling, exclusive dealing, market restriction and tied selling.
3
Martin, Vesna. „Central Bank digital currencies“. Bankarstvo 50, Nr. 3 (2021): 109–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/bankarstvo2103109m.
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Central Bank digital currencies are a digital challenge to the international monetary and financial system. Since the development of cryptocurrency, such as bitcoin, the modern world has faced the possibility of digital technological transformation and providing a digital form of payment for the economy and the household. In addition, the announcement of a digital currency that would have a global reach, such as the Libre issued by the social network Facebook, raised questions about legal and regulatory safeguards, financial stability, and the role of the digital currency in society. All this influenced the leading central banks to recognize the need to conduct a detailed analysis of the possibilities of issuing digital currency of the central bank, which would be a supplement to the cash and non-cash form of payment. These analyzes include considering the advantages and disadvantages of that currency, determining its design and technological solution, as well as the necessary regulatory adjustments. In the coming period, we will witness a technological transformation in the operations of central banks, which, as before, should take care of preserving price and financial stability as its main goals, but also respond to new challenges of digital business.
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Ayikaba, Jules Masuku, und Crispin Agadusameso Enagogo. „La libre détention et utilisation des monnaies étrangères en République Démocratique du Congo : dissection du fondement légal et de la pertinence sur le plan économique“. Verfassung in Recht und Übersee 55, Nr. 3 (2022): 354–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0506-7286-2022-3-354.
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Using an interdisciplinary approach essentially based on legal and economic sciences, this study examines the relevance of the consecration in Congolese law of the free holding and use of foreign currency in the Democratic Republic of Congo. On the one hand, it highlights the mosaic of texts that govern this issue and, on the other hand, dissects the economic impact of such a consecration regarding the evolution of the Congolese economy in recent decades. Given the almost always vulnerable nature of the Congolese economy, it advocates the free holding and use of foreign exchange, adequately framed by capital account regulations and a floating exchange rate "managed" through interventions by the monetary authorities, in addition to credit control instruments. Such a framework could thus contribute to reducing the negative collateral effects observed in the Congolese foreign exchange market with respect to the free holding and use of currency in the Congo.
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GÜLLER, Arif. „LIBRA: THE NEW WORLD CURRENCY“. Journal of International Social Research 12, Nr. 65 (30.08.2019): 1052–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17719/jisr.2019.3515.
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Tischer, Daniel. „Cutting the network? Facebook’s Libra currency as a problem of organisation“. Finance and Society 6, Nr. 1 (28.05.2020): 19–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2218/finsoc.v6i1.4406.
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This essay explores the organisational character of Facebook’s Libra currency by undertaking a critical reading of documents published by the Libra Association. Drawing on the conceptual work of Marilyn Strathern and Michel Serres, it illustrates how ownership cuts the network and encourages parasitism as a means of driving future profit. Central to this is the claim that Libra is not an exercise in democratising money, but rather, the opposite: Libra is run as a club, for the benefit of club members. The conceptual theme of 'cutting' is used to organise the argument. Rather than a cutting-edge technology, Libra’s true innovation is organisational and consists in overturning the decentralised character of blockchain, such that distributed ledger technology is re-centralised by big tech firms. Outsiders are thus cut-off from Libra; only those inside the club have the right to participate in Libra and its governance. This position also affords members an exclusive capacity to take a cut of the profits generated through Libra. As a private organisation, members have sole rights to future profits generated from the Libra ecosystem and are in this way incentivised to create new product opportunities over time.
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Yeoh, Peter. „The Global Digital Currency Brouhaha“. Business Law Review 40, Issue 6 (01.11.2019): 240–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/bula2019032.
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This article traces the evolution of private currencies as they evolve as complementary currencies into global digital currencies, the latest of which being Facebook Libra. The focus is on the legal and regulatory perspective surrounding these private currencies.
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Brühl, Volker. „Libra — A Differentiated View on Facebook’s Virtual Currency Project“. Intereconomics 55, Nr. 1 (Januar 2020): 54–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10272-020-0869-1.
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Andrade, Otávio Morato de, und Renato César Cardoso. „REVISITANDO O EXPERIMENTO DE LIBET: CONTRIBUIÇÕES ATUAIS DA NEUROCIÊNCIA PARA O PROBLEMA DO LIVRE-ARBÍTRIO“. Kriterion: Revista de Filosofia 64, Nr. 155 (August 2023): 437–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0100-512x2023n15506oma.
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RESUMO Por muito tempo, a questão da existência do livre-arbítrio tem alimentado o debate filosófico sem solução definitiva. O paradigma de Libet (1983) pareceu demonstrar que movimentos simples e aparentemente voluntários poderiam ser desencadeados não pela consciência, mas por processos cerebrais pré-conscientes ou aleatórios. Tais achados repercutiram amplamente no meio acadêmico e científico, desencadeando extensa discussão entre neurocientistas, filósofos e juristas. Explorando as interfaces entre neurociência e livre-arbítrio, o presente trabalho objetiva formular uma síntese atualizada das diversas problematizações sobre os achados Libetianos. Constata-se que o ensaio de Libet, embora repetidamente analisado e replicado nas últimas décadas, ainda não possui uma interpretação definitiva, em parte devido a controvérsias metodológicas e deficiências conceituais específicas. O aprofundamento dessas investigações, aliado às novas descobertas oferecidas pela neurociência, pode enriquecer a pesquisa sobre o livre arbítrio nos próximos anos.
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Senarathne, Chamil W. „Possible Impact of Facebook’s Libra on Volatility of Bitcoin: Evidence from Initial Coin Offer Funding Data“. Management of Organizations: Systematic Research 81, Nr. 1 (01.06.2019): 87–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mosr-2019-0006.
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AbstractThis paper examines the impact of Libra on volatility of Bitcoin using the classical framework of C. G. Lamoureux and W. D. Lastrapes (1990). ARCH and GARCH effects disappear when lagged ICO funding size is included in the variance equation. A negative association between volatility and funding size and the disappearance of volatility persistence (long-term volatility effect) suggest that Libra, as a dominant new currency, is likely to stabilize the cryptocurrency market and enhance potential for currency diversification. Furthermore, it is revealed that the stability cannot be ensured merely by backing decentralized blockchain instruments, such as Bitcoin, with bank deposits, government securities or exchange rate.
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Restrepo, Juan Pablo. „Laws of the Sea. Interdisciplinary Currents“. Estudios Públicos, Nr. 171 (31.08.2023): 241–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.38178/07183089/2008230627.
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Ley, Paul De, Mark Dorris und Mark Blaxter. „Patterns and processes in the evolution of animal parasitic nematodes“. Nematology 2, Nr. 1 (2000): 43–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854100508881.
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AbstractThe parasitic Nematoda have traditionally been classified distinct from free-living species, and animal parasites treated separately from plant parasites. In classical concepts of phylogenetic relationships within the phylum, parasitic groups are usually afforded ordinal status and their origins are often obscure. We have been using molecular phylogenetics to examine the interrelationships of animal parasites with free-living and plant-parasitic groups, and find that a new view of the origins and radiation of animal parasites is warranted. Using sequence from the nuclear small subunit ribosomal RNA gene, we have constructed an alignment that allows robust phylogenetic inference. With this dataset, we place the Strongylida as a monophyletic clade nested within the Rhabditina. The Ascaridida, Oxyurida and Spirurida are closely related, but currently have no clear closest free-living sister taxon. Strongyloides spp. are rooted in a radiation of cephalobid/tylenchid species. Where available, other sequences in general confirm these relationships. Les Nematoda parasites ont été traditionnellement classifiés séparément des espèces libres, les parasites d’animaux étant traités séparément des parasites de plantes. Suivant les concepts classiques des relations phylogénétiques à l’intérieur du phylum, les groupes parasites sont habituellement traités au niveau ordinal et leurs origines sont souvent inconnues. Utilisant la phylogénie moléculaire, les interrelations des parasites animaux avec les groupes d’espèces libres et parasites de plantes ont été étudiées conduisant à la conclusion qu’une nouvelle approche des origines et de l’évolution des parasites animaux est nécessaire. Sur la base de la petite sous-unité nucléaire du gène de l’ARN ribosomal, un alignement est proposé qui permet une inférence phylogénétique solide. Avec cet ensemble de données, les Strongylida sont considérés comme un clade monophylétique emboîté au sein des Rhabditina. Les Ascaridida, Oxyurida et Spirurida sont étroitement reliés, mais jusqu’à présent sans relation étroite claire avec des taxons de nématode libre. Les Strongyloides spp. ont évolué à partir des cephalobides/tylenchides. Lorsqu’elles sont disponibles, les données issues d’autres séquences confirment le plus souvent ces relations.
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Fantasia, Kathryn, Katherine Modzelewski und Devin Steenkamp. „Predictive Glucose Trends From Continuous Glucose Monitoring: Friend or Foe in Clinical Decision Making?“ Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology 13, Nr. 5 (13.01.2019): 963–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1932296818823538.
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In this commentary, we briefly review the currently recommended approaches to interpretation and management of continuous glucose monitor (CGM) rate of change (ROC) trend arrows and discuss the inherent difficulty in incorporating practical recommendations for their application into routine clinical care. We have limited our review and discussion to the currently available Dexcom G5 and G6 CGM systems and Abbott’s Freestyle Libre flash glucose monitor (FGM) system, as they are the most widely used and currently approved for nonadjunctive use in the United States.
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Kapustina, Larisa L., und Galina G. Mitrukova. „Current state of bacterial community of Lake Ladoga“. Limnological Review 21, Nr. 3 (01.09.2021): 155–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/limre-2021-0014.
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Abstract The data are presented on a quantitative assessment of the bacterioplankton community of Lake Ladoga and total bacterial numbers dynamic in the period from 2009 to 2019. The trophic state of the lake and water quality in different areas have been characterized by microbiological parameters. Maximum concentrations of microorganisms and highest water temperatures were commonly observed in the shallow coastal area (Volkhov Bay, up to 6.40 ×106 cells ml−1), and minimum – in the deepest part of the lake (ca. 0.45 ×106 cells cm−3). The bacterial abundances correlate with water temperatures both within each year of observations and over the whole study period. The trophic state of the lake expressed by the total bacterial numbers during summer seasons closely matches the state during the first decade of the 21st century. In the period of 2009-2019, the trophic state varied from oligo-mesotrophic in the hypolimnion of deep-water areas to mesotrophic eutrophic in the shallow southern coastal area, which corresponds to the trophic state indicated by chlorophyll-a concentrations. Within the previous decade (2000-2008), the waters of Lake Ladoga were “clean” and “especially clean”, while during the 2017-2019 period, water masses all over the lake can be identified as “especially clean”. From 2017 to 2019 the coccoid forms of bacterial cells prevailed over rod-shaped cells comprising 57.6 ±5.1% (2017), 64.4 ±4.5% (2018), 61.1 ±4.6% (2019), which imply the high quality of the waters.
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Tsogoeva, Marina I. „DIGITAL MONEY IN THE REALITIES OF MODERN CHINA“. EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 5, Nr. 10 (2021): 78–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2021.10.05.009.
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Digital money has already appeared in various areas of the money market. Facebook has spearheaded the development of digital currencies for social networks, announcing plans to release its own Libra currency, which is a kind of «stable coin» that will be tied to a basket of official currencies. Central banks are launching pilot projects of digital currency .Finally, thousands of fiat cryptocurrencies have been launched in recent years, supported in blockchains by anonymous registrars.
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Lawal, Vicki, Peter G. Underwood und Christine Stilwell. „Legal Information and the Social Media: Some Current Issues“. Libri 68, Nr. 4 (19.12.2018): 345–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/libri-2018-0039.
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Abstract This article examines the effect of the adoption of social media in legal practice in Nigeria. It discusses some of the major challenges that have recently been experienced in the use of legal information in Nigeria within the context of the social media revolution, particularly with respect to ethics. A survey method was employed and data was collected through self-administered questionnaires to the study population comprising practicing lawyers located in various law firms in Nigeria. Outcomes from the study provide preliminary evidence on the nature of the application of social media in legal practice and the prospects for its inclusion as an important aspect of legal research in the legal education system in Nigeria.
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Bouvier, Hernán G. „Naturaleza y ética: Comentarios a Ethical Naturalism. Current Debates (2012)“. Análisis Filosófico 32, Nr. 2 (01.11.2012): 197–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.36446/af.2012.101.
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La importancia de las ciencias naturales para la vida y el pensamiento contemporáneos es reconocida ampliamente. En ética y metaética la relevancia de las ciencias naturales se encuentra estrechamente vinculada con la concepción conocida como Naturalismo ético. A pesar de que existe una vasta literatura sobre Naturalismo y Naturalismo ético no es fácil encontrar un libro que recopile lo que diferentes autores relevantes tiene para decir sobre tal tópico. El libro Ethical Naturalism. Current Debates (2012) ha venido a llenar tal laguna. Este trabajo presenta el tema general del libro y analiza y critica algunas de las ideas allí desarrolladas. El propósito central es hacer algunas observaciones generales a la empresa del Naturalismo ético considerado globalmente y al mismo tiempo algunas observaciones que son relevantes sólo para algunas de las intervenciones que forman parte de la colección.
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Shanahan, T. „Applying current technology to improve milk protein at farm level“. BSAP Occasional Publication 25 (2000): 245–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1463981500040851.
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AbstractImproving milk protein concentration at farm level can add fifty pounds per cow to milk sales annually. The benefit for processors is an increase in protein supply by ten percent and improved milk processability. The farm changes needed to improve milk protein content can also lead to a reduction in milk production costs of at least fifty pounds per cow. The objective of the Kerry Agribusiness/Teagasc “Focus on Profit” project was to adopt current technology in relation to improving milk protein at farm level to enable farmers to improve their income. Specifically to improve milk value by 0.85 p/litre by increasing milk protein content from 32 g/kg, the Kerry average for 1994, to 34 g/kg by the year end 2000. Thirty five farmers were selected to represent each category of milk supplier to Kerry Agribusiness in relation to scale of production, size of holding, soil type, farm management practices and farm location. Herds were milk recorded. Milk volume, protein and butterfat concentration, production costs, farm characteristics and management practices were monitored. Current information/technology from research on improving milk protein content and reducing costs was communicated to monitor farms by means of farm visits, farm walks, demonstrations, discussion groups, clinics, seminars, newsletters, booklet, press articles and the radio by advisors and research personnel from Kerry Agribusiness, Teagasc, Munster Cattle Breeding Society, Department of Agriculture and New Zealand. From 1994, milk protein concentration has increased by 1.1 g/kg from 31.7 to 32.8, butterfat concentration has increased by 2.4 g/kg from 35.2 to 37.6 g/kg and milk value has increased by 0.97 p/litre from 20.23 to 21.20 p/litre. The best improvement in milk protein was observed during January, February and March — 0.27 g/kg, 0.36 g/kg and 0.24 g/kg respectively. Twelve monitor farmers had protein content in their milk greater than 32.0 g/kg in 1994. This increased to 33 farmers by 1998 of which 14 had milk protein content greater than 33.0 g/kg. Thirty two (91%) of monitor farmers improved milk protein by over 0.1 g/kg, six increased milk protein by over 2.0 g/kg. Milk costs were reduced by 0.7 p/litre by monitor farmers when 1995 was compared to 1998. This reduction was 1.74 p/litre from 4.66 p/litre to 2.92 p/litre when 1995 was compared with 1997. By applying current information/technology, Kerry Agribusiness monitor farmers increased milk protein content and reduced milk production costs.
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Ejsmont-Karabin, Jolanta, und Piotr Zieliński. „Impact of river current on the uniformity of littoral communities of Rotifera“. Limnological Review 13, Nr. 1 (01.03.2013): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/limre-2013-0002.
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AbstractStudies were carried out in September 2007 at a set of stations called RIVERS located on two tributaries of the Narew River, and six stations on the tributaries of the Supraśl River. Concurrently, rotifers were sampled at nine stations of the River Rudnia (called RUDNIA). The aim of the research was the verification of the hypothesis on the uniforming effect of the river drift on rotifer communities inhabiting aquatic vegetation. The total numbers of all monogonont species inhabiting aquatic vegetation of RUDNIA and RIVERS were 83 and 107, respectively. The percentage similarity of rotifer communities from aquatic vegetation and river current at the same stations was relatively low and only slightly higher in RIVERS (21.7%) than RUDNIA (17.1%), which suggests that species composition of communities of epiphytic rotifer fauna has a rather low impact on species structure of rotifer communities in water drift. The set of individuals of different species carried with the water current was random and various at different stations. Although the percentage similarity of rotifer communities in the river drift calculated for all possible pairs of the stations was relatively lower in RIVERS than in RUDNIA, it was not reflected in the similarity of epiphytic rotifer communities, which were similar in both sets of stations. Thus, the hypothesis cannot be confirmed by the results of this research.
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Volchak, Aleksandr A., und Ivan Kirvel. „Plant available moisture content in soils of Belarus under the current conditions“. Limnological Review 14, Nr. 4 (01.12.2014): 195–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/limre-2015-0010.
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Abstract One of the soil fertility parameters is water content in the root zone; therefore the estimation of the transformation of water resources in mineral soils of Belarus is rather relevant. The analysis of plant available moisture content (PAMC) was conducted for the topsoil layer of 50 cm thickness for the period of monitoring from 1960 until 2001. Results were submitted as maps on the basis of which the spatial and time variability of the PAMC was estimated. The quantitative estimation of changes in the plant available moisture content was carried out with the help of gradients of linear trends
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Górniak, Andrzej, Adam Więcko und Maciej Karpowicz. „Changes in the trophic status of lakes in the Suwałki Landscape Park (NE Poland)“. Limnological Review 16, Nr. 4 (01.12.2016): 221–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/limre-2016-0024.
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Abstract Summer field research and chemical analyses in 2015 provided the basis for the presentation of the trophic status of waters of 28 lakes of the Suwałki Landscape Park in NE Poland, located in the catchment of the River Neman, in the Natura 2000 area – Ostoja Jeleniewska. Lakes Hańcza and Szurpiły are currently mesotrophic ecosystems. The remaining lakes are moderately eutrophic, while four lakes in the group, in addition to anaerobic hypolimnion, have infertile epilimnion similar to that of mesotrophic lakes. Lake Hańcza shows considerable multiannual dynamics of water fertility, periodically reaching a status approximate to eutrophy. In Lake Szurpiły and the majority of smaller lakes of the Suwałki Landscape Park, reduced precipitation in 2015 resulted in an inconsiderable decrease in trophic status. The lakes are under the strong influence of their catchment area, as confirmed by statistically significant correlations between TSI and the Ohle and Schindler ratios. Lakes Kluczysko and Kopane currently remain the most fertile lakes in the Park. Unless rapidly developing cattle breeding leads to excessive fertilisation of waters in the catchment, the forecasted variability of weather conditions during global climate transformations will lead to fluctuations in the fertility of the majority of the analysed lakes at the threshold of meso- and eutrophy. A hypothesis is also stated regarding the considerable role of groundwater alimentation and short retention time in the maintenance of higher than average resources of silica in limnic waters.
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Cuadra, Judith, Janet Dilling, Ralph Brower und Malaika Samples. „Current Relocation Practices Targeting Disaster Prone Communities in Developing Countries: Case Study San Francisco Libre, Nicaragua“. Journal of Disaster Research 10, Nr. 2 (01.04.2015): 299–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2015.p0299.
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Multiple studies suggest that disaster risk in developing countries is exacerbated by a combination of conditions such as a lack of affordable housing, hazardous location, human vulnerability, government mismanagement and unfavorable political agendas (Quarantelli, 2003; Jha et al., 2010, Viratkapan & Perera, 2006; Horwood & Phillips, 2007; Davidson et al., 2007; Cronin & Gunthrie, 2011; Satterthwaite, 2011). Although this is not a new issue, governments and urban planners continue to struggle to find solutions for safe, adequate and affordable housing for the urban poor. Urban projects and legislation often unintentionally aggravate the situation in these communities (Sanderson, 2000). The pressure to solve the “low-income settler problem” becomes even more poignant in the face of disasters and other occurrences resulting in multiple fatalities. A well-known approach to low-income communities in high-risk areas is to relocate them either before or after a disaster event. According to Jha et al. (2010) relocation remains one of the most common project endeavors in post-disaster recovery. In San Francisco Libre, a community near Lake Managua in Nicaragua, for example, the local government has undertaken a massive relocation project since 2011 floods that left several coastal families homeless. In this study, we describe the current conditions and challenges for relocated families and discuss efforts by local government officials to provide much needed services on reduced budgets. This research benefits from field observations and interviews with government officials and families from affected communities. Horwood and Phillips (2007) observed that in developing countries such as Nicaragua, relocation projects fail due to the rigid inadequate design of relocation housing and a lack appropriate land and services. Knowledge on relocation practices and outcomes could better inform current practices and improve project development to where it actually provides for low-income families in developing countries.
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Choiński, Adam, und Artur Zieliński. „Transformation of the morphometry of Lake Osieckie – largest lake in the Holy Cross region“. Limnological Review 21, Nr. 4 (01.12.2021): 181–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/limre-2021-0017.
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Abstract The paper presents the analysis of the transformation of Lake Osieckie, the largest lake in the Holy Cross region until 2016. It is a valley lake that according to cartographic materials had undergone no changes in the shoreline since ca. 1938. The nearby activity of a sulphur mine required building three dikes on the lake, dividing it into four independent water bodies. The paper presents the analysis of their morphometric properties in comparison to those of the original lake. Although the basins of the new lakes are of natural origin, the currently existing four lakes can be described as quasi-natural.
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Bernabei, R., P. Belli, F. Cappella, V. Caracciolo, R. Cerulli, C. J. Dai, A. d’Angelo et al. „Dark Matter with DAMA/LIBRA and its perspectives“. Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2586, Nr. 1 (01.09.2023): 012096. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2586/1/012096.
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Abstract The existence of Dark Matter particles as a significant portion of the Universe’s total mass is suggested by theoretical reasoning at the galactic and larger scales as well as experimental data. This motivates the DAMA experiment’s efforts to investigate the presence of the Dark Matter particles in the galactic halo by utilizing a model-independent signature with an extremely radio-pure set-up underground. The long-standing, model-independent annual modulation effect at Gran Sasso seen by DAMA with several experimental set-ups is summarized in this paper, along with its perspectives. DAMA/LIBRA-phase2 set-up, ≃ 250 kg highly radio-pure NaI(Tl) further confirms the evidence of a signal that meets all the requirements of the model independent Dark Matter annual modulation signature at high C.L.; the combined exposure of DAMA/NaI and DAMA/LIBRA is 2.86 ton × yr over 22 independent annual cycles. The experiment is currently collecting data in the DAMA/LIBRA–phase2 empowered configuration with an even lower software energy threshold.
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Nakayama, Chikako. „Longing for Haute Finance in the 21st Century? A Neo-Polanyian Approach to the Theory of Money in the Digital Age“. Accounting and Finance Research 10, Nr. 4 (24.09.2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/afr.v10n4p1.
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This article examines the Libra project, which was announced by Facebook in 2019 as an important turning point in the development of digital currency since Bitcoin. Libra is a kind of stablecoin, and it has been identified as a global stablecoin owing to its wide-ranging impact on the dimension of global finance. Because the Libra project aims to offer a globally accessible low-cost payment system for all users, we analyse it in the research area of global finance with a qualitative approach to the history of economic theories of money and finance. In this area, Karl Polanyi’s thoughts on money and finance and the interpretation by Saiag, which he called a neo-Polanyian approach, deserve attention. Taking this approach, we understand that unofficial functions of haute finance played a significant role in sustaining the international and interdependent financial system in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. In this context, although it also saved colonized and dependent regions from falling into financial crises, it was not socially helpful for them. If Libra wants to be the haute finance of our age in the real sense of serving to bring about financial inclusion, such a point should be considered. However, for the moment, existing international monetary institutions are only keen to take regulatory measures against the risk of dirty transactions. There is a substantial lacuna of publicness in the discussion, and this needs to be filled in in the near future.
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Hernández Ojeda, Alicia, Anita Ortigoza Hernández, Ana María Reyes Arellano und José Juan Salazar Arriaga. „Análisis situacional de egresados de contaduría pública, campus Libres BUAP“. Horizontes de la Contaduría en las Ciencias Sociales 2021, Nr. 15 (2021): 52–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.25009/hccs.v0i15.44.
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The objective of the research is to carry out a diagnosis on the employment, professional and entrepreneurial situation of the graduates of the Public Accounting degree from Libres Campus of the Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP) as a tool for feedback and improvement of substantive activities of the educational program. To collect the information, a questionnaire was designed based on the instrument of the Asociación Nacional de Universidades e Instituciones de Educación Superior (ANUIES), and to measure the entrepreneurial profile of the graduate, the survey applied by the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) to the adult population. It is an exploratory, descriptive and inferential research design. The main results were: 86% make up the index graduates degree, 22% attended postgraduate studies. Regarding their employment situation, 91% of them currently work in medium and large companies, 83% work in the permanent contract modality. 64% commented that there is congruence between their work activity and their professional training. There is 100% of graduates are satisfied with the Institution and 65% with the Educational Program. 51% have at least once been an entrepreneur since they graduated and currently 36% are entrepreneurs. Among the expressed needs are the expansion and updating of technical knowledge and professional practices, management of specialized software and promoting interest in knowing the relevant information of the accounting discipline. As a proposal derived from this study, it is proposed to meet the needs of expanding technical knowledge and professional practices, reinforcing the management of specialized software and promoting interest in knowing the current and relevant information of the accounting discipline.
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Baghana, Jerome, Svetlana V. Sleptsova, Oksana V. Kuzmina, Guennadi V. Svishchev und Inna B. Akinshina. „Euphemization features of current french political articles headlines“. Laplage em Revista 6, Extra-A (14.12.2020): 198–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.24115/s2446-622020206extra-a580p.198-204.
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The article deals with the analyses of the headline linguistic constructions of French political articles, including euphemisms, presented in such modern mass media in France and Belgium as «Le Monde», «Le Monde diplomatique», «L'OBS», «L'Express», «La Libre», «Marianne», «L'Opinion». Currently, journalists consider euphemizing to be a common feature of the headlines of the articles concerning political issues. This technique effects readers’ emotions smoothly. Implementation of euphemisms in French articles of journalistic genre helps avoid mentioning unpleasant or even shocking reality. The enhancement technique is used in the case a lexeme of positive meaning replaces a negative phenomenon or fact. The examples, given in this article, highlight the manipulative nature of euphemisms, which is specific for the French political press style. Recipients should be informed about political issues, but occasionally the authorities and the media provide them with facts in a specific manner not to cause strong, sometimes premature confusion and discontent.
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Schmuhl, H., A. Marcelo, J. Dal Molin, G. Wright und T. Karopka. „Towards Open Collaborative Health Informatics - The Role of Free/Libre Open Source Principles“. Yearbook of Medical Informatics 20, Nr. 01 (August 2011): 63–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1638740.
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SummaryTo analyze the contribution of Free/Libre Open Source Software in health care (FLOSS-HC) and to give perspectives for future developments.The paper summarizes FLOSS-related trends in health care as anticipated by members of the IMIA Open Source Working Group. Data were obtained through literature review and personal experience and observations of the authors in the last two decades. A status quo is given by a frequency analysis of the database of Medfloss.org, one of the world’s largest platforms dedicated to FLOSS-HC. The authors discuss current problems in the field of health care and finally give a prospective roadmap, a projection of the potential influences of FLOSS in health care.FLOSS-HC already exists for more than 2 decades. Several projects have shown that FLOSS may produce highly competitive alternatives to proprietary solutions that are at least equivalent in usability and have a better total cost of ownership ratio. The Medfloss.org database currently lists 221 projects of diverse application types.FLOSS principles hold a great potential for addressing several of the most critical problems in health care IT. The authors argue that an ecosystem perspective is relevant and that FLOSS principles are best suited to create health IT systems that are able to evolve over time as medical knowledge, technologies, insights, workflows etc. continuously change. All these factors that inherently influence the development of health IT systems are changing at an ever growing pace. Traditional models of software engineering are not able to follow these changes and provide up-to-date systems for an acceptable cost/value ratio. To allow FLOSS to positively influence Health IT in the future a "FLOSS-friendly" environment has to be provided. Policy makers should resolve uncertainties in the legal framework that disfavor FLOSS. Certification procedures should be specified in a way that they do not raise additional barriers for FLOSS.
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Levkevich, Viktor, Aleksandr Buzuk, Ivan Kirvel und Sergey Parfomuk. „Deformations of upper soil slopes of retaining structures and shores with violated reinforced concrete fastening in riverbed reservoirs in Belarus“. Limnological Review 21, Nr. 1 (01.03.2021): 29–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/limre-2021-0003.
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Abstract The conditions of wind waves influence on the ground upper soil slopes of retaining structures and natural shores that are fixed in the form of reinforced concrete fastening with deformations are considered. The results of modeling the regime of intra-water currents and field surveys of artificial water bodies are shown. A criterion for assessing the stability of ground slopes and coastal slopes with reinforced concrete fastening with a broken structure is proposed and the conditions for its applicability are determined. Measures for engineering protection of the reservoir shores are proposed via using a criterion for the stability of fixed slopes Пк. It is assumed that at Пк ≥ 1 the slope profile with fastening plates deformed during operation acquires the contour of the dynamic equilibrium profile adopted for the calculated type of soil as a result of the destruction of the slope by waves.
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Portero Lameiro, José Domingo. „Revisiting the two Cambridge schools for the current controversy“. Iberian Journal of the History of Economic Thought 6, Nr. 2 (24.10.2019): 213–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/ijhe.66197.
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La medición del capital ha generado grandes controversias entre la Universidad de Cambridge (Gran Bretaña) y el Massachusetts Institute of Technology de Cambridge (Estados Unidos de América). El debate tuvo lugar principalmente durante la edad dorada del capitalismo y no quedó totalmente resuelto, aunque, ciertamente, en la actualidad es frecuente que se estudie Economía sin prestar atención al mismo. En definitiva, se trata de una cuestión inconclusa, donde ni siquiera parece que actualmente haya consenso en admitir cuáles fueron sus principales resultados. El problema aparece cuando aceptamos que las inversiones posibilitan consumos futuros y, por consiguiente, equiparamos estos activos de capital con los bienes/productos. Por su parte, la escuela británica defendió que el capital debe ser entendido como un instrumento que intenta salvaguardar valor económico. De otro lado, la vertiente norteamericana consideró que el capital debe ser visto como un instrumento de un valor económico que varía en función de las leyes del libre mercado.
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Robles-Sánchez, Susana, und María Paz Sáez-Pérez. „El contexto actual del marcado CE. El caso de la pizarra en galicia. Grado de aplicación de los fabricantes = The current context of CE marking. The case of slate in Galicia. Degree of implementation by manufacturers“. Anales de Edificación 8, Nr. 3 (30.12.2022): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.20868/ade.2022.5091.
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El marcado CE reconoce el cumplimiento de los requisitos legales y técnicos en materia de seguridad general para cualquier producto dentro de la Unión Europea, permitiendo su libre circulación en todo el territorio gracias al Reglamento UE nº 305/2011 de Productos de Construcción. Uno de los productos de la construcción regulados por el RPC es la pizarra. El fabricante es el responsable de completar una serie de procedimientos y documentarlos para poder entregar a los receptores el marcado CE preceptivo, así como la documentación que permitirá la libre circulación del producto. Con esta ponencia se pretende conocer el grado de aplicación del procedimiento del marcado CE en los productores de pizarra de Galicia. Para se ha realizado una encuesta a los productores de pizarra en la que se desglosan las obligaciones de los fabricantes. Las conclusiones alcanzadas desvelan resultados inesperados que impiden la libre circulación de la pizarra en el territorio de la UE.AbstractThe CE marking recognises compliance with the legal and technical requirements in terms of general safety for any product within the European Union, allowing its free circulation throughout the territory thanks to EU Regulation No 305/2011 on Construction Products. One of the construction products regulated by the CPR is slate. The manufacturer is responsible for completing a series of procedures and documenting them in order to be able to deliver to the recipients the mandatory CE marking, as well as the documentation that will allow the free circulation of the product. The aim of this presentation is to find out the degree of application of the CE marking procedure in slate producers in Galicia. In order to do so, a survey was carried out among slate producers in which the obligations of the manufacturers were broken down. The conclusions reached reveal unexpected results that impede the free circulation of slate in the EU territory.
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Rose, Miriam. „Kevan H. Namazi, & Paul K. Chafetz (Eds.). Assisted living: Current issues in facility management and resident care. Westport, CT: Auburn House, 2001.“ Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement 21, Nr. 2 (2002): 319–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0714980800001604.
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RÉSUMÉBien que l'objectif avoué de ce livre consiste à aborder les questions administratives et cliniques reliées à l'exploitation de résidences-services pour aînés, plusieurs parties pourraient également s'appliquer à des centres de soins. Le livre aborde en profondeur les caractéristiques des résidants, l'exploitation des installations et les stratégies de gestion reliées au logement avec assistance. Il traite aussi des questions reliées aux tendances de l'industrie et notamment à la promotion de l'assistance en remplacement des centres de soins, au vieillissement chez soi, à la possibilité d'une réglementation gouvernementale plus serrée dans les cas où les résidants deviennent moins alertes et sur la comparaison entre les soins fournis dans les résidences-services et dans les centres de soins. Le livre s'attarde peu cependant à des questions propres au logement avec assistance et aurait gagné à présenter une synthèse globale des divers points de vue philosophiques sous-jacents aux approches proposées par les auteurs, surtout en ce qui a trait aux occasions de favoriser le vieillissement chez soi.
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Łopata, Michał, Renata Augustyniak, Jolanta Grochowska, Katarzyna Parszuto und Anna Płachta. „Phosphorus in the shallow, urban lake subjected to restoration - case study of Lake Domowe Duże in Szczytno“. Limnological Review 21, Nr. 2 (01.06.2021): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/limre-2021-0007.
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Abstract The paper presents the results of the research on the restoration of the shallow Lake Domowe Duże in Szczytno (area 0.6 km2, average depth 3.4m). Restoration treatments were carried out in the years 2010-2012 and consisted in the inactivation of phosphorus using polyaluminium chloride. Technical restoration was supported by biomanipulation treatments consisting in stocking the lake with predatory fish. Water quality study were carried out before remediation and annually for a decade (2010-2019) during and after the application of coagulant. It was shown that the efficiency of removing excess phosphorus from water column was high (decrease from 0.23 mgP L-1 to 0.05 mgP L-1). The effects achieved during the coagulant application were maintained for 5 years after the end of the project. Currently, the phosphorus pool is still twice as low as before the treatments, but it is gradually increasing. The main external factor limiting permanent improvement of water quality is the open hydrological system and transport of biogenic matter by surface inflows draining anthropogenically transformed areas. Maintaining permanent improvement of water quality will require continuation of restoration measures.
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Esplugues Mota, Carlos. „La creciente interacción entre la seguridad nacional y el comercio internacional: hacia una concreción del significado y alcance del artículo XXI GATT en tiempos de cambios tecnológicos y competencia geopolítica = National security and international trade: approaching the meaning and extent of article XXI GATT in times of technological changes and geostrategic competence“. CUADERNOS DE DERECHO TRANSNACIONAL 12, Nr. 1 (05.03.2020): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.20318/cdt.2020.5184.
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Resumen: Tras años de fomento del libre comercio y de la globalización, las posiciones nacionalistas y unilateralistas comienzan a ganar terreno en la realidad internacional. En este entorno, el recurso a la noción de intereses esenciales de la seguridad del Estado y conceptos similares es usado de forma creciente para avalar la adopción de medidas proteccionistas frente a bienes y servicios provenientes del exterior. El artículo XXI GATT gana, así, un protagonista que le ha sido negado desde su redacción en la década de los cuarenta del siglo pasado. Carente de una práctica amplia y consistente, el precepto ha sido ahora objeto de interpretación por al órgano de resolución de controversias de la OMC. El presente artículo aborda la naturaleza y significado de este artículo, referente indiscutible para muchas de las cláusulas de excepción presentes en los distintos Tratados de Libre Comercio, y sus perspectivas de futuro en un entorno marcado por la crisis de la OMC.Palabras clave: Artículo XXI GATT, Intereses esenciales de la seguridad del Estado, Seguridad nacional, Comercio internacional, Guerra comercial.Abstract: International free trade and globalization have been heavily supported during the last decades. Nevertheless, nationalist and unilateralist positions are gaining ground in the international arena and free trade is currently under attack. Notions like “essential interests of state security” or “national security” are increasingly used to support the adoption of protectionist measures against goods and services coming from abroad. In this scenario, article XXI GATT is raising an increasing protagonist. The provision has historically lacked a broad and consistent practice but currently it has been interpretated by the WTO dispute resolution body. This article addresses the nature and meaning of article XXI GATT and its future role in an international trade environment characterized by the WTO crisis.Keywords: Article XXI GATT, Essential Security Interests of the State, National Security, International Trade, Trade War
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Brett, Benjamin L., Neelum T. Aggarwal, Avinash Chandran, Zachary Y. Kerr, Samuel R. Walton, J. D. DeFreese, Kevin M. Guskiewicz et al. „5 LIfestyle for BRAin Health (LIBRA) Modifiable Factors Risk Score and Concussion History Associations with Cognition in Older Former National Football League Players.“ Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 29, s1 (November 2023): 305–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617723004253.
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Objective:Traumatic brain injury is one of several recognized risk factors for cognitive decline and neurodegenerative disease. Currently, risk scores involving modifiable risk/protective factors for dementia have not incorporated head injury history as part of their overall weighted risk calculation. We investigated the association between the LIfestyle for BRAin Health (LIBRA) risk score with odds of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) diagnosis and cognitive function in older former National Football League (NFL) players, both with and without the influence of concussion history.Participants and Methods:Former NFL players, ages ≥ 50 (N=1050; mean age=61.1±5.4-years), completed a general health survey including self-reported medical history and ratings of function across several domains. LIBRA factors (weighted value) included cardiovascular disease (+1.0), hypertension (+1.6), hyperlipidemia (+1.4), diabetes (+1.3), kidney disease (+1.1), cigarette use history (+1.5), obesity (+1.6), depression (+2.1), social/cognitive activity (-3.2), physical inactivity (+1.1), low/moderate alcohol use (-1.0), healthy diet (-1.7). Within Group 1 (n=761), logistic regression models assessed the association of LIBRA scores and independent contribution of concussion history with the odds of MCI diagnosis. A modified-LIBRA score incorporated concussion history at the level planned contrasts showed significant associations across concussion history groups (0, 1-2, 3-5, 6-9, 10+). The weighted value for concussion history (+1.9) within the modified-LIBRA score was based on its proportional contribution to dementia relative to other LIBRA risk factors, as proposed by the 2020 Lancet Commission Report on Dementia Prevention. Associations of the modified-LIBRA score with odds of MCI and cognitive function were assessed via logistic and linear regression, respectively, in a subset of the sample (Group 2; n=289) who also completed the Brief Test of Adult Cognition by Telephone (BTACT). Race was included as a covariate in all models.Results:The median LIBRA score in the Group 1 was 1.6(IQR= -1, 3.6). Standard and modified-LIBRA median scores were 1.1(IQR= -1.3, 3.3) and 2(IQR= -0.4, 4.6), respectively, within Group 2. In Group 1, LIBRA score was significantly associated with odds of MCI diagnosis (odds ratio[95% confidence interval]=1.27[1.19, 1.28], p <.001). Concussion history provided additional information beyond LIBRA scores and was independently associated with odds of MCI; specifically, odds of MCI were higher among those with 6-9 (Odds Ratio[95% confidence interval]; OR=2.54[1.21, 5.32], p<.001), and 10+ (OR=4.55;[2.21, 9.36], p<.001) concussions, compared with those with no prior concussions. Within Group 2, the modified-LIBRA score was associated with higher odds of MCI (OR=1.61[1.15, 2.25]), and incrementally improved model information (0.04 increase in Nagelkerke R2) above standard LIBRA scores in the same model. Modified-LIBRA scores were inversely associated with BTACT Executive Function (B=-0.53[0.08], p=.002) and Episodic Memory scores (B=-0.53[0.08], p=.002).Conclusions:Numerous modifiable risk/protective factors for dementia are reported in former professional football players, but incorporating concussion history may aid the multifactorial appraisal of cognitive decline risk and identification of areas for prevention and intervention. Integration of multi-modal biomarkers will advance this person-centered, holistic approach toward dementia reduction, detection, and intervention.
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Krzyżanowska, Katarzyna, und Paweł Krzyżanowski. „The use of numerical methods in the design of a formula that returns the surface of the leaves of Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. Ex Steud.“ Limnological Review 20, Nr. 1 (01.03.2020): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/limre-2020-0004.
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AbstractThe paper presents the results of calculations and a verification of numerical models developed for estimating the surface of leaves of the common reed (Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. Ex Steud.). The research sample consisted of 137 leaves collected from the rush zone of Lake Raduńskie Górne in 2018. The total area of leaves obtained for testing was 1932.3 cm2. To derive a formula that returns the surface of common reed foliage regression models were used – MLR (Multiple Linear Regression) and SLR (Stepwise Linear Regression). It has been shown that the measurement of basic leaf dimensions (i.e. length – L, mid-width – WM and maximum width – WX) makes it possible to define an empirical formula which, with an average accuracy of 99.9%, allows the real surface of leaves to be estimated. The modelling results were compared with formulas currently used in practice, and the measurement errors were determined using these formulas. It has been shown that the formulas used to date are subject to RMSE to the value of 1.19-2.52. The application of the developed formula (A = 0.4486 – 0.046 L + 7.9267 WM – 5.8121 WX + 0.5853 L • WX) will significantly reduce errors in leaf surface estimation (RMSE = 0.86) and thus the amount of reed transpiration and evapotranspiration, especially in the case of handling small samples (number of leaves and measurements).
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Llorente-Cejudo, María-del-Carmen. „Towards e-learning from free software. Moodle like a Learning Managament System (LMS) within reach of all“. Comunicar 14, Nr. 28 (01.03.2007): 197–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3916/c28-2007-20.
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Organizations opting for different Learning Management Systems (LMS) as tools for the development of formative actions through the Net are currently countless. The present paper has as its main objective to carry out an approach to free software and the different available LMS and –specially– the specific case of Moodle. Innumerables son ya en la actualidad las organizaciones que están optando por diferentes entornos virtuales de enseñanza-aprendizaje (abreviado EVE/A) como herramientas para el desarrollo de acciones formativas a través de la Red. El presente artículo tiene como objetivo principal realizar una aproximación al software libre y a los diferentes EVE/A disponibles bajo esta concepción, y más concretamente, el caso específico de Moodle.
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Borowiak, Dariusz, und Magdalena Borowiak. „Comparative studies of underwater light regimes in lakes of the East-Suwałki Lakeland“. Limnological Review 16, Nr. 4 (01.12.2016): 173–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/limre-2016-0019.
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Abstract Secchi disc transparency and optical properties of water, based on measurements for downward irradiance using an underwater radiometer PER-700, were studied in 23 lakes of the Suwałki Landscape Park (SLP) in 2013. Measurements of optically significant constituents of water were also performed (YSI EXO-2) and analysed. Data on water transparency from published studies were used to assess long-term changes in the optical conditions in the deepest water body in Poland – Lake Hańcza. In terms of the optical characteristics of the water, the analysed SLP lakes can essentially be divided into two distinct groups representing different optical lake types. These are optical categories of lakes most common in Poland, namely types II and IIIb. Regional equations describing the relationships between the attenuation coefficient for downward irradiance as well as optically significant constituents of water were developed. The optical properties of the SLP lakes are mainly affected by suspended solids, mostly phytoplankton. Interannual fluctuations in Sechi disc transparency, as well as the attenuation coefficient for downward irradiance and other apparent optical properties of mid-summer water calculated from it, are determined by the spring thermal conditions and intensity of phytoplankton blooms during this period. Application of the attenuation coefficient for downward irradiance as a criterion for the assessment of the trophic status of the SLP lakes indicates that these are generally eutrophic lakes. The largest and deepest lakes of the park, however, are mesotrophic. Lake Hańcza is currently in the stage of α-mesotrophy.
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Soszka, Hanna, Agnieszka Pasztaleniec und Agnieszka Kolada. „Is unstable reliable? Oxygen conditions in the ecological status assessment of lakes“. Limnological Review 16, Nr. 2 (01.12.2016): 85–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/limre-2016-0009.
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Abstract The Water Framework Directive introduces the requirement for ecological status assessment based primarily on aquatic organisms and supporting physico-chemical elements, including oxygen conditions. The criteria for assessing oxygen conditions applied in routine lake monitoring in Poland are based on the mean hypolimnetic saturation with oxygen at the peak of summer stagnation in stratified lakes, and on the oxygen content at the bottom in the summer in polimictic lakes. The currently used oxygen criteria usually cause dismay, particularly if biological elements indicate at least good ecological status and the oxygen conditions are the only reason for lowering status class. The aim of the article is to present the scale of variability of oxygen conditions in selected lakes within the last two decades and to analyse the limitations and conditions of applying this indicator in routine monitoring, assessment and classification of Polish lakes. Data from the years 1999–2015 on oxygen and thermal conditions in a set of nine benchmark lakes in Poland were examined and the reasons for changeability in water oxygenation from year to year were discussed. Alternative oxygen indicators were considered as well as oxygen standards based on fish protection requirements that have been adopted in some European countries. It was suggested that when assessing lake ecological status, data on the oxygen conditions from a number of years must be taken into consideration, e.g., for the analysis of trends in lake trophy changes or for documenting the effects of remedial actions in lake catchment areas in long time frames.
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Patiño Casallas, Cristhian David, Daniel Camilo Blanco Ayala und Maria Teresita Ortiz Villota. „Composting of solid waste from the coffee milling process using trench composting and a bioreactor with the help of efficient microorganisms in the Libre University, Socorro headquarters“. Ingeniería Solidaria 17, Nr. 1 (11.01.2021): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.16925/2357-6014.2021.01.05.
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Introduction: The present article is the product of the research “¿Use and management of organic waste from the Majavita farm, Universidad Libre, Socorro Headquarters (Santander)?" carried out during 2017 and 2018 in Socorro, Santander.
Problem: Currently the Libre University, offers to solid waste coming from the benefit of the coffee a management in a trench compost system to prevent contamination that is caused for it poor disposal; this does not imply the production of an optimum product that shall have the standards of quality of a suitable compost.
Objective: Propose an alternative to operate the compost process under suitable conditions of the process variables; it is expected that would allow waste to compost more efficiently and in less time.
Methodology: This article compares the effectiveness of composting production in a traditional trench system against a semi-closed bioreactor system, and the cost-benefit of implement this proposed system.
Results: To guarantee the result by showing the improvement of the process; is necessary to follow and compare the behavior of the process variables in each kind of composters, such as temperature, moisture and ph.
Conclusion: This project seeks to propose a viable alternative for the treatment of the solid waste of the productive process of the coffee.
Originality: This research, seeks to improve the process of compost in the Majavita Farm.
Limitations: The time used to the farm to compost the solid waste using a traditional system.
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Ivlieva, Yuliia O. „POETICS OF COLLECTION “FREE HANDS” BY PAUL ELUARD AND MAN RAY“. Alfred Nobel University Journal of Philology 1, Nr. 23 (Juni 2022): 36–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.32342/2523-4463-2022-1-23-3.
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This article is part of a more detailed study of “pictopoetry” as a phenomenon, where we define its place in the genre system of surrealism on the example of Paul Eluard and Man Ray collection “Les Mains libres” (“Free Hands”). The activities of the surrealists expanded the artistic vision of the world to previously unknown boundaries. In particular, we observe these innovative achievements in the field of poetry, where A. Breton, W. Browner, P. Eluard and other representatives of this trend continued to search for new poetic intermediate forms, genre paradigms. The genre repertoire of surrealists is characterized by unusual diversity, exploratory nature and freedom from restrictions, and the short existence of new genres that did not mature in time, complicates the study of the genre system of this art direction, so it remains an unexplored field in literature. Forms and genres of poetry created within the framework of surrealism did not acquire a broad enough scientific understanding that would allow them to be systematized. Among contemporary French literary critics, more and more scientists turn to P. Eluard`s creative heritage, but some of them focus on the specifics of his collection “Free Hands”. In particular, in the few works of French scientists (S. Caron, J.-L. Benoit, M.F. Leudet, C. Leconte) considered only some aspects of the nature of the synthesis of graphic and textual components of the collection “Free Hands”, and the problem of P. Eluard and Man Ray pictopoetry’s poetics as a phenomenon significant for genre researches of surrealists is not staged at all. As for the specifics of the poetics of P. Eluard`s “pictopoetry”, it remains almost unexplored today. In the works of I. Ehrenburg and S. Velykovsky, the main attention is focused on the general analysis of P. Eluard`s poetry, his experience in the use of free verse and automatic writing. P. Eluard’s contribution to the development of visual poetry and the intermediate nature of his works are only partially considered by T. Balashova, Y. Dovga, I. Medvedeva, and the experience of poet’s work in tandem with illustrators became the subject of E. Miroshnikova special analysis. In Ukrainian Eluard`s studies, the attention of scinetists is focused on the study of biography, some techniques of the poet, for example, the use of free verse and automatic writing (O. Benina, V. Soloveychik), but not on the pictpoetry’s poetics as important sign of poetry of surrealism and it’s genre innovations. This fact necessitates the filling of the gaps that currently exist in the study of surrealist poetry in its innovative, revolutionary forms, including the “pictopoetry” of the master of surrealism – the French poet Paul Eluard. “Pictopoetry” as a concept developed theoretically by W. Brauner and revealed by P. Eluard in the collection “Free Hands” (created in collaboration with the artist Man Ray), embodies the intermedia research for surrealists of the twentieth century in general, as well as the unique experience of co-creation of two surrealist artists on a fundamentally new level, which goes far beyond the traditional collaboration of poet and illustrator. Therefore, P. Eluard`s “pictopoetry” is understood as an innovative form of surrealist poetry, built on the principle of synthesis of arts, on the intermediality. It seems relevant both in terms of understanding the work of surrealist poets, and in the context of Eluard’s studies, where the figure of the poet as an innovator, the practice of intermedia art, still remains insufficiently revealed. Thus, the purpose of this study is to identify the originality of the poetics of Paul Eluard’s “pictopoetry” in the collection “Free Hands”. The article analyzes both literary and psycholinguistic means of expressing the double code in the collection on the example of duopoems. It is determined that the intermedia research method of the boundary state image, in which surreal images are intertwined at the level of poetic word and image, creating new meanings, defines the poetics of “Free Hands” as a collection created “in four hands”. This fact will allow us to analyze more thoroughly both the phenomenon of “pictopoetry” in particular and the contribution of the poet and artist in its development.
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Ma, Xiaoning, und Youlong Xu. „Enhanced critical current density of Garnet Li7La3Zr2O12 solid electrolyte by incorporation of LiBr“. Electrochimica Acta 409 (März 2022): 139986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2022.139986.
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Zieliński, Piotr, und Tomasz Suchowolec. „Hydromorphological assessment of the anastomosing section of the Narew River after restoration“. Limnological Review 13, Nr. 1 (01.03.2013): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/limre-2013-0006.
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AbstractFive parallel channels of the Narew River (NE Poland) were hydromorphologically assessed with the River Habitat Survey (RHS) method. Four out of the five studied channels were partly separated from the functioning system of the anastomosing river by a dike for more than 20 years, and were subjected to gradual overgrowing and shallowing. In the 1990’s and in 2002, a number of renaturisation measures were implemented, restoring sufficient discharge for the channels to make them active again. The Habitat Modification Score (HMS) obtained as a result of the survey only classifies the fragment ecologically to the third class of streams with high HMS value in the case of the current main channel of the Narew River (largely formed in an artificial manner). This suggests substantial anthropogenic changes in the river channel and its vicinity. The aggregate values of the Habitat Quality Assessment (HQA) index suggest the preservation of numerous environmentally valuable elements at all of the five studied sites of the anastomosing Narew River system. This even concerns channels which remained almost separated and functioned as oxbow lakes for more than 20 years. The highest HQA values were recorded in the case of the channel constituting the main channel before the regulation, and a neighbouring regulated channel currently fulfilling the function of the main water course in this cross-section. In spite of long-term negative changes, the studied fragment of the ecosystem of the anastomosing river is distinguished by high resistance to “anthropogenic stress”, and high capacity for spontaneous restoration of a state close to the natural one. Although lotic ecosystems constitute elements of the natural environment particularly sensitive to anthropopressure, they retain the ability to regenerate for a long time, under the condition of providing them with relevant hydrological and ecological conditions.
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Rufer, Mario. „Reseña: Crossing the Current. Aftermaths of War Along the Huallaga River“. Revista culturales 12, Vol. 12. 2024 (07.03.2024): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.22234/recu.20241201.re099.
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“¿Qué es una guerra?”, se pregunta Claudia Zamparo. “La guerra son las armas que retornan de noche”. Esa imagen condensa como una estampa el libro más reciente de Richard Kernaghan. La guerra como duración, una porción de uno mismo escurrida entre las palmas, una foto doblada en una bolsa de mano. Y un relato que persiste porque cambia de forma. “No tiene nada que ver con las armas. O sí, las armas que nos traicionaron para siempre porque no se fueron de los sueños, de las pesadillas” (Zamparo, 1992, p. 2).
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Rodríguez-Mercedes, Silvanys L., Camerin A. Rencken, Khushbu F. Patel, Gabrielle G. Grant, Erin M. Kinney, Frederick J. Stoddard, Lewis E. Kazis, Jeffrey C. Schneider und Colleen M. Ryan. „3 Development of School-Aged Life Impact Burn Recovery Evaluation (SA-LIBRE 5–12) Profile: Item Pool“. Journal of Burn Care & Research 42, Supplement_1 (01.04.2021): S7—S8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jbcr/irab032.008.
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Abstract Introduction The transition from early childhood to teen years (5–12) is a critical time of development, which can be made particularly challenging by a burn injury. Currently, few validated standardized measures exist for this age group. This study aimed to generate item pools to create a computer adaptive test (CAT) assessing post-burn recovery in school-aged children. Methods Item pool development was based on the School-Aged Life Impact Burn Recovery Evaluation (SA-LIBRE5-12) Conceptual Model and the World Health Organization’s International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health for Children and Youth. Additional elements included a literature review, expert consensus meetings, and parent cognitive interviews. Candidate items assessing health outcomes were extracted from existing legacy measures during the literature review. Details of expert consensus meetings and parent cognitive interviews are in Table 1. Results Items assessing health outcomes (n=3,732) were extracted during the literature review. Experts binned items across three domains: 1) Physical Functioning (55 items), 2) Psychological Functioning (80 items), and 3) Family and Social Functioning (57 items). Six cognitive interviews were conducted. Qualitative data resulted in further review of 86 items. The results of the cognitive interviews indicated that item stems and response choices were interpretable by respondents. Conclusions This study developed an item pool (n=192) to assess post-burn recovery of school-aged children. The next step in the SA-LIBRE5-12 CAT Profile development will be field-testing for the calibration and item response theory-based validation of the assessment.
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Cobb, Karla. „José Ismael Gutiérrez, Manuel Gutiérrez Nájera y sus cuentos. De la crónica periodística al relato de ficción. P. Lang, New York, 1999; 459 pp. (Currents in Comparative Romance Languages and Literatures, 68).“ Nueva Revista de Filología Hispánica (NRFH) 47, Nr. 2 (01.07.1999): 446–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.24201/nrfh.v47i2.2115.
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Rossi, Luciana, und Júlio Tirapegui. „Currents concepts about physical exercise, fatigue and nutrition“. Revista Paulista de Educação Física 13, Nr. 1 (20.06.1999): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2594-5904.rpef.1999.137760.
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A fadiga, ou incapacidade de manter o rendimento durante exercício físico moderado e prolongado, tem sido tradicionalmente atribuída à inibições nos mecanismos de contração do músculo esquelético: a denominada fadiga periférica. Diversos trabalhos, recentemente, têm apontado que a fadiga durante o exercício de resistência pode ser atribuída à atividades serotonérgicas cerebrais (fadiga central), bem como ao o papel de certos aminoácidos, principalmente os de cadeia ramificada e os aromáticos, cujos substratos para o metabolismo intermediário são precursores de neurotransmissores do cérebro. Há agora convincentes evidências de que a indução pelo exercício nas alterações da razão triptofano livre (Trpü/aminoácidos neutros (AAN) está associada com aumento da concentração de serotonina cerebral e desenvolvimento de fadiga. A influência da manipulação nutricional na proporção TrpL/AAN no desempenho é ainda menos conhecida. O objetivo desta revisão é avaliar os prováveis mecanismos da fadiga central e periférica e as prováveis relações entre elas
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Schäfer, Stefan, und Oliver Read. „Financial and Monetary Stability Aspects of Global Stablecoins“. Credit and Capital Markets – Kredit und Kapital: Volume 53, Issue 2 53, Nr. 2 (01.04.2020): 159–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3790/ccm.53.2.159.
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Abstract Global stablecoins (GSCs) like Facebook’s Libra could prove much more instable than they might appear at first sight. Not only can their exchange rates against individual fiat currencies fluctuate substantially; theoretically, they also have the potential to replace national currencies, constitute “digital currency areas” and become the basis of a two-tier banking system with one and more GSC issuers, on the one hand, and, on the other hand, commercial banks that can create GSC deposit money. Against that background, all steps taken so far by supervisors and central banks can only be the starting point of what is necessary to effectively regulate the new normal of the world of money that is emerging. JEL Classification: E42, F65, G28, K24
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Guedes de Lima, Jonas Guedes. „APLICATIVOS DE TRANSPORTE INDIVIDUAL DE PASSAGEIROS: Livre iniciativa ou precarização do trabalho?“ Revista Brasileira de Filosofia do Direito 4, Nr. 2 (20.12.2018): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.26668/indexlawjournals/2526-012x/2018.v4i2.4869.
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O presente artigo objetiva analisar aplicativos de transporte individual de passageiros sob a luz do princípio da livre iniciativa, bem como o desenvolvimento deste trabalho sob a ótica das leis trabalhistas. A Constituição de 1988 resguarda tanto os direitos sociais do trabalho quanto a livre iniciativa como princípio da ordem econômica. Atualmente a prestação desse serviço é apresentada como uma tecnologia disruptiva. Motoristas dos aplicativos de mobilidade fazem uso da tecnologia fomentando a economia e desenvolvendo o mercado de trabalho em meio à crise. A pesquisa será bibliográfica e o método utilizado será o dedutivo, abordando a teoria.Palavras-chave: Jurídico; Econômico; Tecnologia; Startups; Trabalho. ABSTRACT The present article aims to analyze individual passenger transport applications in the light of the principle of free initiative, as well the development of this work under the perspective of labor laws. The 1988 Constitution preserves both the social rights of labor and free enterprise as the principle of the economic order. Currently the provision of this service is presented as disruptive technology. Drivers of mobility applications make use technology by fostering the economy and developing the job market in the midst of the crisis. The research will be bibliographical and the method used will be the deductive, approaching the theory. Keywords: Legal; Economic; Technology; Startups; Job.
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Kaari, Jennifer. „European Academic Libraries Offer or Plan to Offer Research Data Services“. Evidence Based Library and Information Practice 13, Nr. 2 (05.06.2018): 106–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.18438/eblip29416.
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A Review of:
Tenopir, C., Talja, S., Horstmann, W., Late, E., Hughes, D., Pollock, D., … Allard, S. (2017). Research data services in European academic research libraries. LIBER Quarterly, 27(1), 23-44. https://doi.org/10.18352/lq.10180
Abstract
Objective – To investigate the current state of research data services (RDS) in European academic libraries by determining the types of RDS being currently implemented and planned by these institutions.
Design – Email survey.
Setting – European academic research libraries.
Subjects – 333 directors of the Association of European Research Libraries (LIBER) academic member libraries.
Methods – The researchers revised a survey instrument previously used for the DataONE survey of North American research libraries and conducted pilot testing with European academic library directors. The survey instrument was created using the Qualtrics software. The revised survey was distributed by email to LIBER institutions identified as academic libraries by the researchers and remained open for 6 weeks. Question topics included demographics, RDS currently offered, RDS planned, staffing considerations, and the director’s opinions on RDS. Libraries from 22 countries participated and libraries were grouped into 4 regions in order to compare regional differences. Data analysis was conducted using Excel, SPSS or R software University of Tennessee, University of Tampere, and University of Göttingen.
Main Results – 119 library directors responded to more than one question beyond basic demographics, for a response rate of 35.7%. Among the libraries surveyed, more libraries offer consultative services than offered technical support for RDS, although a majority planned to offer technical services in the future. Geographically, libraries in western Europe offer more RDS compared with other regions. More libraries have reassigned or plan to reassign current staff to support RDS services, rather than hire new staff for these roles. Regardless of whether or not they currently offer RDS, library directors surveyed strongly agree that libraries need to offer RDS to remain relevant.
Conclusion – The authors determine that a majority of library directors recognize that data management is increasingly important and many libraries are responding to this by implementing RDS and collaborating across their institutions and beyond to help meet these needs. Future research is suggested to track how these services develop over time, how libraries respond to the staffing challenges of RDS, and whether consultative rather than technical services continue to be primary forms of RDS offered.