Quellenverzeichnisse: „Lever-arm offset“

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Chen, Guanxu, Yang Liu, Yanxiong Liu, Ziwen Tian, Jingnan Liu und Menghao Li. „Adjustment of Transceiver Lever Arm Offset and Sound Speed Bias for GNSS-Acoustic Positioning“. Remote Sensing 11, Nr. 13 (05.07.2019): 1606. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11131606.

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Global Navigation Satellite System––Acoustic (GNSS-A) positioning is the main technique for seafloor geodetic positioning. A transceiver lever arm offset and sound velocity bias in seawater are the main systematic errors of the GNSS-A positioning technique. Based on data from a sea trial in shallow water, this paper studies the functional model of GNSS-A positioning. The impact of the two systematic errors on seafloor positioning is analysed and corresponding processing methods are proposed. The results show that the offset in the lever arm measurement should be parameterised in the observation equation. Given the high correlation between the vertical lever arm offset and the vertical coordinate of the seafloor station, a sample search method was introduced to fix the vertical offset correction. If the calibration of the sound velocity profiler cannot be ensured, the correction parameter of the sound velocity bias should be solved. According to the refined functional model and corrections, the position of a seafloor station in shallow water can be determined with a precision of better than 1 cm.

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Bjørdal, Filip, und Kristian Bjørgul. „The role of femoral offset and abductor lever arm in total hip arthroplasty“. Journal of Orthopaedics and Traumatology 16, Nr. 4 (12.06.2015): 325–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10195-015-0358-7.

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Sakai, Takashi, Nobuhiko Sugano, Kenji Ohzono, Takashi Nishii, Keiji Haraguchi und Hideki Yoshikawa. „Femoral anteversion, femoral offset, and abductor lever arm after total hip arthroplasty using a modular femoral neck system“. Journal of Orthopaedic Science 7, Nr. 1 (Januar 2002): 62–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s776-002-8418-7.

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Daakir, M., M. Pierrot-Deseilligny, P. Bosser, F. Pichard, C. Thom und Y. Rabot. „STUDY OF LEVER-ARM EFFECT USING EMBEDDED PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND ON-BOARD GPS RECEIVER ON UAV FOR METROLOGICAL MAPPING PURPOSE AND PROPOSAL OF A FREE GROUND MEASUREMENTS CALIBRATION PROCEDURE“. ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-3/W4 (17.03.2016): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xl-3-w4-65-2016.

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Nowadays, Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) on-board photogrammetry knows a significant growth due to the democratization of using drones in the civilian sector. Also, due to changes in regulations laws governing the rules of inclusion of a UAV in the airspace which become suitable for the development of professional activities. Fields of application of photogrammetry are diverse, for instance: architecture, geology, archaeology, mapping, industrial metrology, etc. Our research concerns the latter area. Vinci-Construction- Terrassement is a private company specialized in public earthworks that uses UAVs for metrology applications. This article deals with maximum accuracy one can achieve with a coupled camera and GPS receiver system for direct-georeferencing of Digital Surface Models (DSMs) without relying on Ground Control Points (GCPs) measurements. This article focuses specially on the lever-arm calibration part. This proposed calibration method is based on two steps: a first step involves the proper calibration for each sensor, i.e. to determine the position of the optical center of the camera and the GPS antenna phase center in a local coordinate system relative to the sensor. A second step concerns a 3d modeling of the UAV with embedded sensors through a photogrammetric acquisition. Processing this acquisition allows to determine the value of the lever-arm offset without using GCPs.

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Daakir, M., M. Pierrot-Deseilligny, P. Bosser, F. Pichard, C. Thom und Y. Rabot. „STUDY OF LEVER-ARM EFFECT USING EMBEDDED PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND ON-BOARD GPS RECEIVER ON UAV FOR METROLOGICAL MAPPING PURPOSE AND PROPOSAL OF A FREE GROUND MEASUREMENTS CALIBRATION PROCEDURE“. ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-3/W4 (17.03.2016): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-3-w4-65-2016.

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Nowadays, Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) on-board photogrammetry knows a significant growth due to the democratization of using drones in the civilian sector. Also, due to changes in regulations laws governing the rules of inclusion of a UAV in the airspace which become suitable for the development of professional activities. Fields of application of photogrammetry are diverse, for instance: architecture, geology, archaeology, mapping, industrial metrology, etc. Our research concerns the latter area. Vinci-Construction- Terrassement is a private company specialized in public earthworks that uses UAVs for metrology applications. This article deals with maximum accuracy one can achieve with a coupled camera and GPS receiver system for direct-georeferencing of Digital Surface Models (DSMs) without relying on Ground Control Points (GCPs) measurements. This article focuses specially on the lever-arm calibration part. This proposed calibration method is based on two steps: a first step involves the proper calibration for each sensor, i.e. to determine the position of the optical center of the camera and the GPS antenna phase center in a local coordinate system relative to the sensor. A second step concerns a 3d modeling of the UAV with embedded sensors through a photogrammetric acquisition. Processing this acquisition allows to determine the value of the lever-arm offset without using GCPs.

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Dallal, Nancy L., Bin Yin, Tereza Nekovářová, Aleš Stuchlík und Warren H. Meck. „Impact of Vestibular Lesions on Allocentric Navigation and Interval Timing: The Role of Self-Initiated Motion in Spatial-Temporal Integration“. Timing & Time Perception 3, Nr. 3-4 (10.12.2015): 269–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134468-03002053.

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Bilateral intratympanic sodium arsenate injections (100 mg/ml in isotonic saline) in adult male Long Evans rats produced impairments in allocentric navigation using a 12-arm radial maze procedure as well as a motor test battery designed to evaluate vestibular function. In contrast, no impairments in the accuracy or precision of duration reproduction using 20-s and 80-s peak-interval procedures were observed when both target durations were associated with the same lever response, but distinguished by signal modality (e.g., light or sound). In contrast, an ordinal-reproduction procedure with 800, 3200, and 12,800 ms standards requiring the timing of self-initiated movements during the production phase revealed large impairments in the accuracy and precision of timing for vestibular lesioned rats. These impairments were greater on trials in which self-initiated body movements (e.g., holding down the response lever for a fixed duration) were required without the support of external stimuli signaling the onset and offset of the reproduced duration in contrast to trials in which such external support was provided. The conclusion is that space and time are separable entities and not simply the product of a generalized system, but they can be integrated into a common metric using gravity and self-initiated movement as a reference.

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Lestari, Surya, Syahrial Syahrial und Bambang Suwarno. „LANGUAGE SKILLS, SUB-SKILLS AND VOCABULARIES NEEDED BY AUTOMOTIVE DEPARTMENT STUDENTS OF TECHNICAL HIGH SCHOOL: A NEED ANALYSIS STUDY“. JOALL (Journal of Applied Linguistics & Literature) 2, Nr. 2 (10.12.2017): 65–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.33369/joall.v2i2.5955.

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This study aimed to analyze specific English language skills and kind of technical vocabulary that are needed by the third year automotive students of SMKN 2 Kota Bengkulu. The sample for interview comprised of 12 alumni, they were teachers and various company officers who have a MOU with SMKN 2 Kota Bengkulu. In the interview was used saturation sample. The results of interview with alumni indicate that the English skill most needed in the workplace is reading, the second was speaking, the third was writing and the last place was listening. The automotive students/ alumni need to comprehend the technical terms associated with technical terms in English. Related to car, are kick lever, oil pump, water cooling system, trail and rolling roof. Related to heavy machine are rear body offset, over hung, road clearance, light van and rear engine. Related to motorcycle are swing arm, bottom link fork, drum brake and kick starter. General automotive vocabulary are disc brake, gasoline, head lamp, piston and tire. Mastery of technical terms greatly affect the practice of industrial work (prakerin) of students in the work place.

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Murphy, Jennifer, Jose Yusta-Zato, Anish Patel, A. Mark Davies, Steven L. James, Callum McBryde und Rajesh Botchu. „The use of pelvic radiographs as a predictor for gluteal tendinopathy and bursitis“. HIP International 30, Nr. 6 (26.09.2019): 775–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1120700019878417.

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Aim: To evaluate the relationship between radiographic measurements of the hip and sonographic evidence of gluteal tendinopathy and bursitis in patients with lateral hip pain. Methods and materials: Patients with lateral hip pain referred for ultrasound of the hip in our institution over a 5-year period were identified. Findings of gluteal tendinopathy and subgluteal or trochanteric bursitis on ultrasound were recorded. Radiographs of the hip were also evaluated and femoral offset (FO), global offset (GO), abductor lever arm (ALA) and trochanteric impingement distance (TID) were recorded. The mean of each measurement was compared between patients with gluteal tendinopathy and subgluteal or trochanteric bursitis. Results: 273 patients were included in the study. 107 patients (39.2%) had a THA. In the asymptomatic hip, a range of normal measurements were obtained: FO 22.4–76.5 mm, GO 40.1–116.1 mm, ALA 45.0–98.4 mm and TID 13.8–63.1 mm. In the native hip and post THA, there was no statistically significant relationship between FO, GO, ALA and TID in patients with gluteal tendinopathy or trochanteric or subgluteal bursitis. Conclusions: Lateral hip pain is a common presenting complaint in patients with hip pain and is reported in a small proportion of patients post THA. No statistically significant relationship was found between radiographic measurements and ultrasound findings in our patient cohort. However, we describe the range of measurements obtained from the normal asymptomatic hip in this large cohort of patients, which may aid in the evaluation and management of patients with lateral hip pain.

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Horvath, Sabine, und Hans Neuner. „System identification of a robot arm with extended Kalman filter and artificial neural networks“. Journal of Applied Geodesy 13, Nr. 2 (26.04.2019): 135–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jag-2018-0045.

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Abstract The development of an algorithm to describe a dynamic system and to predict its future behaviour in further consequence is the aim of the present study. Non parametric models provide a general description of object dynamics and artificial neural networks (ANN), which are a very flexible and universal learning method, belong to it. However, the standard estimation procedures for ANN like Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) do not consider that data is observed and consequently is uncertain. The combination with the extended Kalman filter (EKF) enables the consideration of the uncertainty in the estimation process. The analogies between EKF and LM are discussed and thereon the advantages of the EKF are outlined. The integration of ANN into EKF will be evaluated on an industrial robot arm. At first, a simplified model is determined; the ANN describes the robot position deviations as a function of the joint encoder values. The robot reference positions are measured by a laser tracker. In order to compare it with the robot outputs, the observations need to be transformed to the robot frame and the offset between the end-effector and the robot flange has to be determined. A method to estimate both parameters simultaneously is developed and the results are verified on basis of simulated data. This paper comprises two novel approaches. First, uncertainty is considered in the ANN estimation on basis of the combination with the EKF. Considering the full covariance matrix of the robot deviations leads to a better prediction of the robot’s behaviour. Second, an integrated transformation and lever arm determination is introduced and the robot’s repeatability presents the limiting factor of the achievable parameter uncertainty.

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Rehak, M., und J. Skaloud. „PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT OF INTEGRATED SENSOR ORIENTATION WITH A LOW-COST GNSS RECEIVER“. ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences IV-2/W3 (18.08.2017): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-2-w3-75-2017.

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Mapping with Micro Aerial Vehicles (MAVs whose weight does not exceed 5&thinsp;kg) is gaining importance in applications such as corridor mapping, road and pipeline inspections, or mapping of large areas with homogeneous surface structure, e.g. forest or agricultural fields. In these challenging scenarios, integrated sensor orientation (ISO) improves effectiveness and accuracy. Furthermore, in block geometry configurations, this mode of operation allows mapping without ground control points (GCPs). Accurate camera positions are traditionally determined by carrier-phase GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) positioning. However, such mode of positioning has strong requirements on receiver’s and antenna’s performance. In this article, we present a mapping project in which we employ a single-frequency, low-cost (<&thinsp;$100) GNSS receiver on a MAV. The performance of the low-cost receiver is assessed by comparing its trajectory with a reference trajectory obtained by a survey-grade, multi-frequency GNSS receiver. In addition, the camera positions derived from these two trajectories are used as observations in bundle adjustment (BA) projects and mapping accuracy is evaluated at check points (ChP). Several BA scenarios are considered with absolute and relative aerial position control. Additionally, the presented experiments show the possibility of BA to determine a camera-antenna spatial offset, so-called lever-arm.

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