Thematische Bibliographien / Length of sunlight

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Zeitschriftenartikel

Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Length of sunlight“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 28. Juni 2021

Zuletzt aktualisiert am 1. Februar 2022

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Length of sunlight"

Benedetti, Francesco, Cristina Colombo, Barbara Barbini, Euridice Campori, and Enrico Smeraldi. "Morning sunlight reduces length of hospitalization in bipolar depression." Journal of Affective Disorders 62, no. 3 (2001): 221–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0165-0327(00)00149-x.

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Lilabati, Laishram, and U. K. Sahoo. "Germination and Growth Behaviour of Seedlings of Emblica ofƒicinalis Gaertn under Different Light and Nutrient Regimes in Field Conditions." Science & Technology Journal 4, no. 2 (2016): 98–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.22232/stj.2016.04.02.03.

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Emblica officinalis Gaertn. is an important non-timber forest product plant which is known in improving livelihood of the people of north-east India. This plant is widely used in the Indian system of medicines and believed to increase the body immunity against diseases. A trial was made to assess the initial growth performance of seedlings of E. officinalis under three light regimes viz. Open-100% ambient sunlight (FAL), partial-80% ambient sunlight (PAL) and deep shade-40% ambient sunlight (DAL) and four nutrient conditions (NPK, saw dust biochar, cowdung and untreated) during a 3-months period in the Department of Forestry Mizoram University, Mizoram India. After 12 weeks of exposure to different light regimes and nutrient conditions, initial growth parameters of the seedlings like number of leaves, shoot length, root length, biomass and vigour index measured in order to understand the best growth conditions for the plant. The results reveal that seed germination and other growth parameters were significantly (P<0.05) influenced by light regimes and nutrient treatments. The seedling height, number of leaves, shoot length, root length and biomass was significantly higher under FAL. All growth parameters including seed germination were poor under DAL.

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Mo, Yan, Guangyong Li, Dan Wang, Jiandong Wang, Haidong Chai, and Xiuming Zou. "Mechanism of Sunlight Damage on Drip Tape by Pendant Droplets in Mulched Drip Irrigation." Transactions of the ASABE 61, no. 6 (2018): 1969–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/trans.12979.

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Abstract. Drip irrigation under mulch has been applied in China for nearly 20 years, but sunlight damage from the lens effect through droplets beneath clear plastic mulch is always a problem that cannot be ignored. Droplet volume and mulch wettability affect the geometric parameters of the pendant droplets. Changes in geometric parameters were experimentally investigated by analyzing side-view images of droplets. Models were built to predict droplet focal length and light-gathering power based on the geometric parameters. A comparison between numerical and optical experimental results suggested that the focal length model was accurate and reliable. The effective incident area of the parallel light proposed in this study could also be used to represent the light-gathering power, which had a relationship with the drip tape burning rate. The increase in wettability of the clear mulch considerably increased the focal length of the pendant droplets, expanded the focal length range, enhanced the light-gathering power, and thus increased the risk of drip tape burning. In practice, pendant droplets with a wetting radius of 3 to 5 mm, with corresponding focal lengths of 5 to 12 mm, have a high probability of emergence. Therefore, the distance between the mulch and drip tape should be beyond this focal length range to reduce the risk of drip tape burning by pendant droplets. In addition, filming the mulch surface with hydrophobic materials to increase the contact angles of droplets can also protect the drip tape from sunlight damage. Keywords: Drip irrigation under mulch, Drip tape burning, Effective incident area of parallel light, Focal length, Pendant droplet.

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Senthilnathan, Anoja, D. M. S. N. Dissanayake, G. T. D. Chandrakumara, et al. "Akaganeite nanorices deposited muscovite mica surfaces as sunlight active green photocatalyst." Royal Society Open Science 6, no. 3 (2019): 182212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.182212.

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Thin films of akaganeite [FeO(OH)] nanorices deposited muscovite mica (ANPM) surfaces are synthesized using the facile urea assisted controlled self-assembly technique. The synthesized materials are characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The prepared nanorices on mica surfaces show average particle length and width of 200 and 50 nm, respectively. Synthesized material acts as an efficient photocatalyst under UV and sunlight conditions as demonstrated by the degradation of standard methylene blue (MB) solution. The MB degradation efficiencies of the catalyst under exposure to 180 min sunlight and UV are 89% and 87.5%, respectively, which shows that the catalyst is more highly active under sunlight than under UV light. Therefore, the synthesized material is a potential green photocatalyst in efficient treatment of industrial dye effluents under direct sunlight.

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Schluckebier, J. G., and C. A. Martin. "Effects of Above-Ground Pot-in-Pot (PIP) Placement and Humic Acid Extract on Growth of Crape Myrtle." Journal of Environmental Horticulture 15, no. 1 (1997): 41–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-15.1.41.

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Abstract Rooted cuttings of crape myrtle (Lagerstroemia indica L. × L. fauriei Koehne ‘Muskogee’) were potted into 3.8 liter (1 gal) black polyethylene containers and subjected for two months to one of three above-ground shielding treatments; containers placed pot-in-pot (PIP) for two months, containers exposed to direct sunlight for two months, or containers placed PIP for one month and then exposed to sunlight for one month (PIP/exposed). Mean daily maximum temperatures in rooting substrate of containers exposed to sunlight were as much as 16C (29F) higher than PIP containers. Plants in containers exposed to sunlight for two months had less total root and shoot length and higher concentrations of leaf nitrogen compared with the other two treatments. Plants were next transplanted into 27-liter (7-gal) polybags filled with a landscape substrate and fertigated with a humic acid extract at 0, 50, 150, or 300 μL/L for two additional months. The change in shoot and root length of plants previously placed PIP for two months responded in quadratic fashion to increased humic acid extract concentration levels; the most response occurred at about 50 μL/L while the highest concentrations inhibited post-transplant growth. Growth inhibition caused by heat stress as a result of exposure of container walls to insolation was still evident two months after transplanting.

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Hawley, A. L., and H. J. Fallowfield. "Pond walls: inclined planes to improve pathogen removal in pond systems for wastewater treatment?" Water Science and Technology 78, no. 1 (2018): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2018.269.

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Abstract Attenuation of sunlight in wastewater treatment ponds reduces the depth of the water exposed to disinfecting irradiances. Shallow pond depth with paddlewheel rotation increases exposure of pathogens to sunlight in high rate algal ponds. Generation of thin films, using pond walls as inclined planes, may increase inactivation of pathogens by increasing sunlight exposure. The performance of a laboratory based model system incorporating an inclined plane (IP) was evaluated. F-RNA bacteriophage, in tap water or wastewater, was exposed to sunlight only on the IP with the bulk water incubated in the dark. MS2 inactivation was significantly higher when the IP was present (P &lt; 0.05) with a 63% increase observed. Prolonged exposure increased MS2 die-off irrespective of IP presence. Versatility of the IP was also demonstrated with faster inactivation observed in both optically clear tap water and wastewaters. IPs of different surface areas produced similar inactivation rates when operated at similar hydraulic loading rates regardless of slope length.

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Marler, Thomas E., Bruce Schaffer, and Jonathan H. Crane. "Developmental Light Level Affects Growth, Morphology, and Leaf Physiology of Young Carambola Trees." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 119, no. 4 (1994): 711–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.119.4.711.

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Growth and leaf physiology responses of container-grown `Arkin' carambola (Averrhoa carambola L.) trees to long-term exposure of ≈25%, ≈50%, or 100% sunlight were studied in four experiments in Guam and Florida. Shading increased rachis length and leaflet area, and decreased leaflet thickness. Shaded trees also had a more horizontal branch orientation. Shading reduced dark respiration (Rd) and light compensation and saturation points but increased chlorophyll concentration and N-use efficiency. Light-saturated net CO2 assimilation (A) was not affected by developmental light level. Trees in full sun had smaller total leaf area, canopy diameter, and shoot: root ratio and exhibited leaflet movement to avoid direct solar radiation. Also, trees grown in 100% sunlight had a more vertical branch orientation and greater stomatal density than shaded trees. The ratio of variable to maximum fluorescence (Fv/Fm) declined during midday in 100% sunlight trees. This pattern was accompanied by a midday suppression of A in 100% sunlight-grown trees in Guam. `Arkin' carambola trees exposed to ≈25%, ≈50%, or 100% sunlight for up to 39 weeks exhibited physiological and morphological adaptations that resulted in similar growth. These results indicate that carambola efficiently adapts to different developmental light intensities.

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Mizell, R. F., D. E. Schiffhauer, and J. L. Taylor. "MORTALITY OF TETRANYCHUS URTICAE KOCH (ACARI: TETRANYCHIDAE) FROM ABAMECTIN RESIDUES: EFFECTS OF HOST PLANT, LIGHT, AND SURFACTANTS." Journal of Entomological Science 21, no. 4 (1986): 329–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-21.4.329.

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Residues of abamectin (avermectin, Avid), 15 ppm; abamectin + Leaf Act 80, 15 + 25 ppm; abamectin + Sunspray oil, 15 + 25 ppm, and a water control were evaluated for length of control of twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, on 3 host species: azalea, Rhododendron × ‘Red Ruffle’; lima bean, Phaseolus limensis var. limenus L. H. Bailey cv. ‘Henderson’ bush; and peach, Prunus persica L. Batsch cv. ‘Nemaguard’; and under sunlight and fluorescent light regimes. Abamectin alone or in combination with the surfactants, 21 days post treatment, resulted in 42.6 – 91.8% and 88 – 93% mite mortality under sunlight and fluorescent light, respectively. No treatments on azalea or peach under sunlight caused &gt; 37% mortality. Treatments caused similar mite mortality 1 day posttreatment under fluorescent light, but after day 1 treatments on peach caused &lt; 62 % mortality while treatments on azalea caused &lt; 46% mortality. The addition of oil increased mite mortality significantly on beans under sunlight at 14 days. At 21 days both Leaf Act 80 and oil increased mite mortality on bean compared to abamectin alone.

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Hou, Lin Rui, and Chang Zhou Yuan. "Facile Fabrication of Taper-Like BiVO₄ Nanorods with High Photocatalytic Property under Sunlight Irradiation." Advanced Materials Research 96 (January 2010): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.96.87.

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We report the synthesis of the taper-like BiVO4 nanorods by employing a solid-state grinding synthetic strategy. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) indicates that the as-prepared BiVO4 nanorods were crystallized in a monoclinic system. The diameter and length of taper-like nanorods are confirmed by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) technology. The diameter and length of the taper-like nanorods are 100 nm and 1 μm, respectively. And the photocatalytic activity of the taper-like BiVO4 nanorods was evaluated by measuring the degradation of methylene blue (MB) in water under sunlight irradiation. MB was degraded nearly to nothing under sunlight irradiation for 120 min at room temperature in air. These results indicate the as-prepared product is a good sun-driven photocatalyst. In addition, the degradation mechanism of methylene blue over BiVO4 nanorods was tentatively investigated.

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Cornea-Cipcigan, Mihaiela, Doru Pamfil, Cristian Radu Sisea, and Rodica Mărgăoan. "Gibberellic Acid Can Improve Seed Germination and Ornamental Quality of Selected Cyclamen Species Grown Under Short and Long Days." Agronomy 10, no. 4 (2020): 516. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10040516.

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Cyclamen species (swinebread spp.) are perennial herbaceous plants which belong to the Primulaceae family, widely used as medicinal or ornamental plants. Currently, gibberellic acid (GA3), an environmentally friendly bioregulator is widely used to enhance the productivity and phenotypic characteristics of multiple ornamental crops. A dual experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of gibberellic acid (50, 100 or 150 mg/L), on germination earliness of seeds, along with growth and ornamental quality of selected Cyclamen species. Additionally, a greenhouse experiment with long and short sunlight photoperiod was conducted to evaluate its importance in the development of Cyclamen plants. Our results indicated that under short sunlight exposure, seeds germinated earlier than those kept in long sunlight photoperiod. Plants treated with foliar applications of GA3 exhibited higher plant height, leaf area, number of leaves, root length and tuber development. Significant differences were found in germination percentage (GP), mean germination time (MGT) and seedling vigor index (SVI), within different GA3 supplementation and greenhouse sunlight intensity (short and long days). In conclusion, our study suggests that seedling vigor and ornamental quality can be increased by GA3 application, an economic strategy for enhancing germination and growth of selected Cyclamen species.

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