Thematische Bibliographien / Laying equipment

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Laying equipment“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 28. Juni 2021

Zuletzt aktualisiert am 5. Februar 2022

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Laying equipment"

Kang, Xue Jun, Bing Jie Zhao und Bin Long. „Design of Sand-Blasting Lifting Equipment“. Advanced Materials Research 1006-1007 (August 2014): 211–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1006-1007.211.

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Due to pipe-laying process changed for Offshore Oil 201 pipelay vessel requires to place sand blasting machine equipment in suite place, to meet the sand-blasting machine to complete the process of laying pipe work cycle which demands for subsea pipelines sandblasting, then the sand-blasting lifting equipment was designed. The equipment consists of a hydraulic lifting platform system, rail trolley system and control system. The experiments showed that the sand-blasting lifting equipment could securely connect with sand-blasting machine, the sand-blasting machine could be lift fast, installation fast in the suite place, meeting the production requirements.

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Kothari, Kesar Mal, Vishweshwar Samba, Kinza Tania, R. Udayakumar und Ram Karthikeyan. „AUTOMATION OF UNDERGROUND CABLE LAYING EQUIPMENT USING PLC AND HMI“. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 346 (April 2018): 012080. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/346/1/012080.

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MARIHONNAPPANAVARA, SIDDESH, und M. VEERANGOUDA. „Development and evaluation of tractor operated plastic mulch laying equipment“. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING 10, Nr. 2 (15.10.2017): 374–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.15740/has/ijae/10.2/374-378.

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Doroshenko, Ya V., V. A. Kucheriaviy, N. M. Andriishyn, S. M. Stetsiuk und Yu M. Levkovych. „Modern Technologies of the Construction of Field Oil-and-Gas Pipelines“. Prospecting and Development of Oil and Gas Fields, Nr. 3(72) (30.09.2019): 19–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.31471/1993-9973-2019-3(72)-19-31.

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Foreign experience in the construction of industrial pipelines of flexible composite pipes for the transportation of hydrocarbons is considered. The expediency of using such pipes in the gas-oil complex of Ukraine is substantiated. The designs of flexible composite pipes are described, a brief description of their construction materials is given, the advantages of these pipes over steel ones are considered. The largest manufacturers of flexible composite pipes are listed and the technical specifications of their products are indicated. Schemes and methods for laying flexible composite pipelines are considered. The technology of preparing flexible composite pipes for transportation is described and the means used for handling are given. The requirements as to trenching for laying single and multi-stranded flexible composite pipelines are described. The article presents the technologies and tools used to unwind flexible composite pipes from reels and coils before laying them. The methods of connecting flexible composite pipes to each other and to technological equipment, steel pipes, and Xmas-trees are analyzed. The designs of union fittings are considered and the technology of their installation is described. The authors consider methods, technologies and requirements for laying flexible composite pipelines in a trench, their ground laying and laying at the point where the flexible composite pipe exits to the ground for attachment to a steel pipe or technological equipment. The article presents the features of laying flexible composite pipelines through highways, water barriers and swamps by both trench and trenchless technologies, features of trenchless reconstruction of defective, worn steel pipelines with flexible composite pipes, and features of pigging flexible composite pipes and their trying out.

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Shulga, L. V., K. L. Miadvedeva, A. V. Lantsou und N. O. Ryzhykau. „THE INFLUENCE OF TECHNOLOGICAL EQUIPMENT ON THE PRODUCTIVITY OF LAYING HENS“. BULLETIN OF VETERINARY PHARMACOLOGY 4 (Dezember 2018): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.17238/issn2541-8203.2018.4.59.

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Ponomarenko, Yu E., M. V. Maksimov, V. I. Krutov und L. V. Erofeev. „Improvement in equipment for laying foundations in rammed down foundation pits“. Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering 28, Nr. 6 (November 1991): 256–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02101302.

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Buijs, Stephanie, Francesca Booth, Gemma Richards, Laura McGaughey, Christine J. Nicol, Joanne Edgar und John F. Tarlton. „Behavioural and physiological responses of laying hens to automated monitoring equipment“. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 199 (Februar 2018): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2017.10.017.

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Zhvan, V., V. Donenko, S. Kulish und A. Taran. „ANALYSIS OF EXTERNAL ENGINEERING NETWORK METHODS“. Municipal economy of cities 4, Nr. 157 (25.09.2020): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2020-4-157-7-11.

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The article is devoted to the effective analysis of trench and trenchless pipeline laying technologies. In the course of the work, an analytical review of pipeline assembly was performed, the main technological parameters, the scope of each method, and their advantages and disadvantages were determined. List of considered pipeline laying methods: trenching, horizontal directional drilling, mechanical puncture, hydraulic puncture, microtunneling and punching. The article analyzes the classical trench method and the most widely used trenchless ones: horizontal directional drilling; mechanical puncture; hydraulic puncture; microtunneling; punching. Each of these methods has several advantages and disadvantages. The choice of the optimal method of laying the pipeline depends on many factors: the physical and mechanical properties of soils and hydrogeological conditions, the length and diameter of the pipeline, the presence of other communications, buildings and structures, as well as the budget that customers have. Work time is the last deciding factor. Based on the results of the analysis of pipeline laying technologies and expert survey of construction industry experts, the cost table of each method was compiled, outlining the main characteristics of the technology: length of pipeline, speed of work, scope, cost, and the advantages and disadvantages of each of the considered methods. The conclusions about the use of each of the pipeline laying methods were made. Each of the methods has its advantages and disadvantages, so to choose the method of work it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive assessment of technological parameters, cost, scope and timing of work. The cost of lay-ing the pipeline consists of the following factors: conducting research; selection of diameter and determination of pipeline length; choice of laying method and equipment necessary for the works; selection of equipment, shut-off and control equipment and other materials arranged on the pipeline; terms of performance of works. Taking into account these factors, an estimate is made, which determines the cost of installation of a particular pipeline. After the analysis, we can conclude that among the methods of trenchless laying of pipelines can be identi-fied horizontally directional drilling, it is this method of laying the pipeline will be appropriate to use for our region. The drilling technique allows to carry out pipelines under obstacles, to pull long segments of networks, to repair site damage. This method is universal and can be used in almost any environment. Keywords: trenches, horizontal directional drilling, mechanical puncture, hydraulic piercing, microtunnelling, punching, pipeline.

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Timoshkov, P. N., V. A. Goncharov, M. N. Usacheva und A. V. Khrulkov. „THE DEVELOPMENT OF AUTOMATED LAYING: FROM THE BEGINNING TO OUR DAYS (review) Part 1. Automated Tape Laying (ATL)“. Aviation Materials and Technologies, Nr. 2 (2021): 51–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.18577/2713-0193-2021-0-2-51-61.

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The article is devoted to the currently topical problem of automating the process of lay-up tapes of composite parts. One of the main technologies used for the production of structures from thermosetting or thermoplastic composites is the Automated Tape Laying (ATL). In the first part of the article, the technology of laying-up the tapes for large simple flat parts is considered, as well as the process and equipment from well-known companies on the market is described.

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Danilov, B. B. „Ways of improvement of the technologies and equipment for trenchless communications laying“. Journal of Mining Science 43, Nr. 2 (März 2007): 171–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10913-007-0019-1.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "Laying equipment"

Mikl, Marek. „Návrh přídavného pokládacího zařízení pro aplikaci rolí skelné geomříže GlasGrid®“. Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-442818.

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The diploma thesis deals with the design of an additional device for the application of glass grid rolls GlasGrid® and functional calculations. Diploma thesis was created in collaboration with company Saint-Gobain ADFORS. The designed equipment must be able to lay all the currently produced sizes of the rolls, connectable to the widest possible range of laying machines and must be possible to transport the equipment over a longer distance. The laying equipment must also comply with the strength analysis and functional calculations.

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Bücher zum Thema "Laying equipment"

Tenney, James. Excerpts from “An Experimental Investigation of Timbre—the Violin”. Herausgegeben von Larry Polansky, Lauren Pratt, Robert Wannamaker und Michael Winter. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252038723.003.0005.

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James Tenney presents excerpts from his 1966 essay “An Experimental Investigation of Timbre—the Violin.” The research was carried out at the School of Music and the Computation Center at Yale University. Tenney first provides a description of the experiment as well as the equipment and computer programs he used in his investigation. In particular, he discusses the basic approach to sound analysis and synthesis that employs a digital computer with peripheral equipment for translating a signal from “analog” to digital form (for analysis) and from digital to analog form (for synthesis). The analysis programs used in this study comprise a “pitch-synchronous” system, while the sound-generating program used to synthesize violin tones is Max V. Mathews's “Music IV Compiler.” Tenney then explains the experimental results and concludes with a proposal for further research and a request for continued support by the National Science Foundation, laying special emphasis on spectral parameters and envelope and modulation parameters.

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Beatrice, Zoppas, Hrsg. Mosaici e intarsi: Storia, tecniche, scelte dei materiali e loro lavorazione, attrezzature, realizzazione, posa, ed esempi di lavori eseguiti = Mosaic and inlaying: history, techniques, materials and material working, equipment, manufacturing, laying and examples of realizations. Conegliano: Zoppas, 2001.

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Glatz, Phil, und Michael Bourke. Beak Trimming Handbook for Egg Producers. CSIRO Publishing, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643093539.

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The Beak Trimming Handbook for Egg Producers is a straightforward, practical guide to beak trimming of egg-laying hens to minimise cannibalism. It provides comprehensive information on why birds peck and how pecking can lead to problems like cannibalism; the methods available to beak trim birds; why a particular method should be chosen; and at what age birds may be trimmed. The book addresses quality control of beak trimming, enabling egg producers to be confident that equipment is properly set up, that birds are handled and trimmed according to best practice and farm biosecurity is maintained. Management of birds following beak trimming, to protect of the welfare of the birds and to ensure maximum productivity, is covered in detail. Best-practice, current methods of beak trimming, costs of trimming and ways to reduce the use of trimming are examined, along with expected future developments. The advantages and disadvantages of beak trimming are fully explored, covering both public and industry attitudes to the operation. Alternatives to beak trimming are canvassed to understand how the use of fitted devices, enrichment devices, abrasives, low lighting and the choice of low-pecking strains of birds can reduce the need for beak trimming. Finally, the book discusses strategies for minimising cannibalism and how the chosen strategy may be documented and justified. Please note that this book is spiral-bound.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Laying equipment"

He, Zhimin, Lin Peng, Haiyun Han, Min Xu, Gang Wang, Hai Yu, Xingchuan Bao et al. „Study on Rapid Layering Construction Technology of Panoramic Model for Electrical Equipment“. In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 115–22. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00214-5_15.

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Nagavalli, Anita, Alexander Hummel, Halil I. Akyildiz, John Morton-Aslanis und Roger Barker. „Advanced Layering System and Design for the Increased Thermal Protection of Wildland Fire Shelters“. In Performance of Protective Clothing and Equipment: 10thVolume, Risk Reduction Through Research and Testing, 102–16. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959: ASTM International, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp159320160014.

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Giesberg, Judith. „“American Matrons and Daughters”“. In Contested Loyalty, 198–219. Fordham University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5422/fordham/9780823279753.003.0008.

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Judith Giesberg explores the intersection of national loyalty debates and the labor activism of Philadelphia seamstresses in war industries. Women workers understood the vital service they performed sewing military uniforms and equipment but were largely exploited and vulnerable in a system of federal contracting reliant on middle-men and “outwork.” Giesberg argues that the exploitation of women workers, and the denigration of their labor activism, rested on an idealized depiction of female patriotism in supporting roles, as soldiers’ wives and family. Working class women turned the rhetorical tables by laying claim to their own service and patriotism, legitimizing their protests in a republican language of rights and tyranny. In examining seamstresses’ protests at the Schuylkill Arsenal, Giesberg uncovers a forgotten chapter in American labor history, connecting antebellum activism with Gilded Age strife. The author depicts a brief window of opportunity where women challenged the formative stage of the sweatshop system drawing in part on professions of their own loyalty.

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Polson, Donene. „Helping Children Learn to Make Responsible Choices“. In Learning Together. Oxford University Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195097535.003.0019.

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As an OC teacher and parent, I have learned that making responsible choices is an ongoing process. A few years ago, I envisioned myself as “Supermom.” I made sure my son was getting his nutritious, low-sugar lunch, and I tried to anticipate anything that could come up by laying out his clothes, lunch, and sports equipment the night before. Or I would pack up my other three kids, ages one to five, and drive 20 minutes across town to bring my son his forgotten books, papers, lunches, or sports equipment. I did this at least twice a week. I was great! I gave myself the “Mother of the Year Award.” Then one day Mark’s first-grade OC teacher met me at the classroom door and asked me to consider letting Mark go without lunch the next time he forgot it. She gave me an article to read on teaching kids responsibility. She said that without his sack lunch, he would be forced to find other options; he could charge his lunch in the school cafeteria, or he could ask his friends for help. Could this possibly work? The next time he forgot his lunch, I stayed home and waited, just knowing that he was probably going to starve. However, when he came home he was fine and happy—all of his friends had shared their lunches with him! After that incident, he started putting his own things by the door and getting them ready to go for school. Another day he had to sit on the sidelines at the pool when he forgot his swimming suit. From then on, he remembered to take his own sports equipment. As I allowed my son to experience the logical consequences of his behavior, he learned to be more responsible. Helping children to make responsible choices in school begins with making sure that choices are available, then allowing children to learn from the logical consequences of their choices, with support from adults in reflecting on the process and results. Parents are sometimes concerned about the children’s use of time because so many choices are available in the OC.

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Zhang, Meiling, Liwei Mu und Siyu Chen. „The application of crustal stress layering technology in fracture optimization of Putaohua reservoir“. In Advances in Energy Equipment Science and Engineering, 93–97. CRC Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b19126-20.

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Louvros, Spiros. „Towards Unified Services in Heterogeneous Wireless Networks Based on Soft-Switch Platform“. In Encyclopedia of Multimedia Technology and Networking, Second Edition, 1416–22. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-014-1.ch191.

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The last two decades, after the telecommunication and computer technology convergence, the world of telecommunication applications has changed dramatically. The traffic needs of the customers have moved from circuit switched applications towards packet switched applications (Cox, 1995). Data traffic, with the characteristics of information transmission in the form of packets and the bursty flow characteristics rather than constant rate, nowadays accounts for slightly more than 60% of the traffic that is transmitted over the backbone telecommunication networks (Esmailzadeh, Nakagawa, & Jones, 2003). In addition to data traffic, multimedia applications like video calls, IP TV, and multimedia messaging traffic (variable rate with real time constraints) was made possible by low cost video digitizing equipment (Houssos, Alonistioti, Merakos, Mohyeldin, Dillinger, Fahrmair, & Schoenmakers, 2003). Different Radio Access Technology (RAT) networks offer different services to their subscribers. This is a big problem for the multimedia industry since it poses certain constraints to the subscribers regarding specific technology handsets. The ideal solution might be a unified handset with a unified service subscriber identity module (SIM) card (Louvros & Iossifides, 2004). This handset should be able to access the service by any radio access network, like Global System Mobile (GSM) (Siegmund, Redl, Weber, & Oliphant, 1995), General Packet Radio System (GPRS), Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), and IEEE802.11 standard (WiFi or WLAN) towards a common core platform. In order to achieve such a unification, the service request should be seamless to the radio access technology network and the core platform should support certain protocols to provide again seamless to the user access to the requested service. Such a platform is already designed and is known as the soft-switch solution. The idea behind the soft-switch solution is the layering of the core network management procedures (mobility management, call control, session management, charging) in such a way that the operator can support all requests as a unified routing process. Moreover the operator can deploy its core switch and transmission network based on a common backbone, designed according to the 3GPP standards on IP or ATM infrastructure, and also to be able to accommodate in the future any new radio access technology network simply and without any serious rearrangement of the existing backbone, thus eliminating cost implementation. Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) technology is proposed by the telecommunication industry to accommodate multiple traffic types (packet and voice) in a high speed wire-line backbone network. Briefly, ATM is based on very fast (on the order of 2.5 Gbits/sec or higher (Q.2931 ATM Network Signaling Specification, ITU)) packet switching technology with 53 byte long packets called cells being transmitted through wireline networks running usually on fiber optical equipment (Louvros, Karaboulas, Iossifides, & Kotsopoulos, 2003).

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Laying equipment"

Fayzullina, Lyaysan Fayzullina, und Elena Tumanova Tumanova. „Improving the Equipment Efficiency by Using the New Technology for Bulk Material Laying“. In SPE Russian Petroleum Technology Conference. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/201885-ms.

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Fayzullina, Lyaysan Fayzullina, und Elena Tumanova Tumanova. „Improving the Equipment Efficiency by Using the New Technology for Bulk Material Laying (Russian)“. In SPE Russian Petroleum Technology Conference. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/201885-ru.

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Wang, Zhe, Hao Fu und Ziqi Fan. „Research and Design of Automatic Laying and Quilting Equipment for Multi-layer Insulation of Spacecraft“. In Proceedings of the 2019 2nd International Conference on Sustainable Energy, Environment and Information Engineering (SEEIE 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/seeie-19.2019.12.

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Armaoğlu, Evren, und Paolo Monti. „Advantages of Using a Time-Domain Approach for Dynamic Positioning (DP) Pipelay Studies“. In ASME 2014 33rd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2014-23040.

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Normally, the DP capability of a vessel is calculated through the use of static force equilibrium programs in which the dynamic effects are either not taken into account or taken into account by empirical load amplification factors. However, competitive and safe S-laying of large diameter pipelines in deep waters lead to large and long pipe lay vessels for which DP requirements are demanding. The power/propulsion requirement of the vessel needs to be considered from an early stage especially when accounting for the pipe laying equipment demands. This imposes a need for detailed dynamic analysis of the lay vessel. This analysis needs to include the slow drift oscillations counteracted by DP and the analysis in entirety needs to ensure the pipe string integrity is maintained. To this purpose Saipem developed in-house a time-domain simulator (FIPLA – Fully Integrated Pipe LAying) that employs all environmental forces (i.e. wind, wave, current) as well as the pipe tension on the vessel. It is used to assess the DP performances and laying capabilities of pipe lay vessels in harsh dynamic environments as well as critical areas for operations. The software can also be used to assess the performance of the vessel in case of failure of thrusters, power generators or bus bars, study DP Control System improvements, and assess the interaction between vessel, tensioner and pipe in deep and shallow waters. This paper focuses on the advantages of using dynamic simulations as an enhancement to the static DP capability charts, to produce detailed information for the DP Operator (DPO) in terms of setting of the DP parameters and to analyze critical laying events. This information can be used together with the weather forecast and can help getting the best performance out of the DP system in harsh environments, reducing downtime, improving operability and ensuring a safe operation.

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Feldman, Matthew, und Kevin Connolly. „Laying the Groundwork for a Large-Scale Spent Nuclear Fuel Transportation System“. In ASME 2015 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2015-45921.

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The US Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Energy established the Nuclear Fuels Storage and Transportation Planning Project (NFST) to lay the groundwork for implementing interim storage of commercial spent nuclear fuel (SNF), including associated transportation activities. Progress is being made on long lead time, destination-independent aspects of the SNF transportation system in three areas: • Institutional: stakeholder interactions needed for system success, including development of a transportation plan, policy development to implement Nuclear Waste Policy Act Section 180(c), and identification of a preliminary suite of national transportation routes based on regulatory requirements and coordination with stakeholders with diverse interests. • Operational: activities required to run a large-scale transportation system; focus is on development of a new routing analysis tool, study of infrastructure near storage sites that may be de-inventoried first, and development of tools for modeling transportation activities. • Hardware: casks, railcars, and other items necessary to operate the system. Activities are primarily focused on development of railcars compliant with Association of American Railroads Standard S-2043 and studies on the use of rail casks and their ancillary equipment. NFST is making significant progress in all of these areas for a future transportation system to transport SNF from commercial reactors.

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Ying, Zhang, und Yu Xiao. „Research and Application on Visual Aided Cable Design System“. In 2017 25th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone25-66675.

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Nuclear power plants have many types of equipment, dense structure, large plant area, and very complex cable channels. Considering the division and type of cables, cable design has been one of the most complicated tasks in power plant design. Shanghai Nuclear Engineering Research and Design Institute (SNERDI) uses Intergraph PDS system for power plant design, for the AP1000 and CAP series of projects, including equipment and raceway modeling, and use Shaw Cable Manager (SCM) system for cable laying. Cable design work involves multi-system data processing, though without a data integration platform based on 3D visualization. In this paper, a visual aided cable design system is built to display the design data and cable data in a unified 3D plant model, which realizes the visualization and integration of multi-system information, and improves reliability and efficiency of the design work. This method can be applied to a variety of design systems, and has good scalability.

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Odru, Pierre, Yann Poirette, Yves Stassen, Jean Franc¸ois Saint Marcoux und Laurent Abergel. „Composite Riser and Export Line Systems for Deep Offshore Applications“. In ASME 2003 22nd International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2003-37237.

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Composite materials offer an interesting alternative to classical steel solutions in the deep offshore risers and export lines systems. They are able to bring lightness both with high mechanical and compliance resistance, and important developments have been made by the industry to qualify them for offshore use. Most applications planned up to now have been however for TLPs, SPARs or Drilling Risers, where saving weight has direct influence on the design of the floating supports and corresponding equipment. However new riser system concepts have appeared, such as catenary risers, hybrid towers, or “Lazy W” export lines, used for instance on the Girassol field. The objectives of the present study are, starting from operational hypothesis, to design and verify feasibility of steel and composite risers for these types of applications in the very deep offshore (down to 2500m), including laying conditions. Composite and steel solutions are then compared and the advantages induced by the composite version can be evaluated. An acceptable cost of the composite version can then be deduced. Main conclusions are that both steel and composite versions are technically feasible in the mild conditions of the Gulf of Guinea or of Brazil. Steel is however close to its limit and may not work in more severe conditions. The cost advantages of the composite version are found essentially during the laying phase, and may justify the use of such an application. An important issue will be however the industrial availability of long length composite joints.

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Torselletti, Enrico, Luigino Vitali, Erik Levold und Kim J. Mo̸rk. „Submarine Pipeline Installation JIP: Strength and Deformation Capacity of Pipes Passing Over the S-Lay Vessel Stinger“. In 25th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2006-92378.

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The development of deep water gas fields using trunklines to carry the gas to the markets is sometime limited by the feasibility/economics of the construction phase. In particular there is a market for using S-lay vessels in water depth larger than 1000m. The S-lay feasibility depends on the applicable tension at the tensioner which is a function of water depth, stinger length and stinger curvature (for given stinger length by its curvature). This means that, without major vessel up-grading and to avoid too long stingers that are prone to damages caused by environmental loads, the application of larger stinger curvatures than presently allowed by current regulations/state of the art is needed. The work presented in this paper is a result of the project “Development of a Design Guideline for Submarine Pipeline Installation” sponsored by STATOIL and HYDRO. The technical activities are performed in co-operation by DNV, STATOIL and SNAMPROGETTI. The scope of the project is to produce a LRFD (Load Resistant Factor Design) design guideline to be used in the definition and application of design criteria for the laying phase e.g. to S and J-lay methods/equipment. The guideline covers D/t from 15 to 45 and applied strains over the overbend in excess of 0.5%. This paper addresses the failure modes relevant for combined high curvatures/strains, axial, external pressure and local forces due to roller over the stinger of an S-lay vessel and to sea bottom contacts, particularly: • Residual pipe ovality after laying, • Maximum strain and bending moment capacity. Analytical equations are proposed in accordance with DNV OS F101 philosophy and design format.

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Guttner, William C., Caio C. P. Santos und Celso P. Pesce. „Crushing of a Steel Tube Umbilical (STU) Cable During Laying Operation: A Finite Element Method Assessment at the Entry/Exit Regions of Tensioner Shoes“. In ASME 2020 39th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2020-18950.

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Abstract Umbilical cables are fundamental equipment used in deep and ultra-deep waters oil and gas production systems. The complexity of this kind of structure leads structural analysis to be currently performed with numerical tools. This paper presents a nonlinear three-dimensional finite element model of a typical armored Steel Tube Umbilical Cable (STU) subjected to crushing loads imposed to the umbilical cable during laying operation. The study focuses on the analysis of the stress distribution in the steel tubes at caterpillar shoes, mainly at the entry/exit transition regions. With the use of a commercial software, the finite element model is constructed, considering geometric and materials nonlinearities. Crushing loads are imposed by two rigid plates. Focus is given on the duplex tubes, with the material stress-strain curve modeled from a specific crushing experiment with a single tube and by using a classic Ramberg-Osgood fitting. Firstly, comparisons at mid-length of the three-dimensional model are made with the results from a simpler and planar finite element model. Then, the localized three-dimensional effects are analyzed. The results show a considerable increase of the stress levels in the steel tubes at these transition regions, with the occurrence of stress field redistribution after the onset of plastic deformation.

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Smienk, Henk, Erwan Karjadi, Gabriel Vazquez, Peter Doherty und Patrick Dooley. „DCV Aegir Pipelay Installation Analyses and Capabilities“. In ASME 2013 32nd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2013-10262.

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Heerema Marine Contractors (HMC) is entering a new era of pipe laying with the new Deep water Construction Vessel (DCV) Aegir, designed to be able to reel/J-lay pipelines for a broad range of pipe dimension and water depth combinations. On the one side this is governed by equipment/vessel limitations (moonpool size, high top tension capacity, stinger component capabilities) and on the other side limited by pipeline design code (e.g. DNV, API) acceptance criteria for reel-lay and J-lay installation. This paper outlines the pipelay capabilities of DCV Aegir and details the J-lay (with quad joints) and reel-lay installation analyses performed to aid in the design of the vessel pipelay equipment. DCV Aegir has two modes for J-lay installation, which are light J-lay with friction clamps and heavy J-lay with collar clamps in combination with collars in the pipeline. DCV Aegir reel-lay installation from the pipeline in the tensioners down to the seabed will also be explained. Light J-lay, heavy J-lay and reel-lay have maximum top tension capacities (related to the equipment) of 600 mT, 2000 mT and 800 mT, respectively. The top tension capacity also depends on pipe OD, coating type and thickness. J-lay and reel-lay installation analyses are performed with the non-linear finite element software package Flexcom from MCS Kenny to determine installation capabilities with respect to pipe OD, wall thickness and water depth combinations. Together with that the pipelay equipment design is validated by pipeline installation analyses. Shallow and deep water normal pipeline installation for all three pipelay options will be discussed. DCV Aegir pipelay equipment includes a retractable hang off module/stinger for deployment of pipelines. The usage and benefits of the hang off module will be documented. For the J-lay installation modes the procedure for lowering a quad joint is analysed in order to optimise equipment usage. DCV Aegir possesses a high capacity abandonment and recovery system (up to 2000mT). Abandonment and recovery analyses description and design review aspects will be discussed. Finally, the pipeline in-line structure installation analyses, together with design review considerations will be documented.

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