Zeitschriftenartikel: „Laying device“

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Gauvin, Mitchell. „Laying Bare the Device“. Minnesota review 2021, Nr. 96 (01.05.2021): 82–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00265667-8851548.

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What do experiential poet Bruce Andrews and former Fox News pundit Bill O’Reilly have in common? On the surface, almost nothing—the former is a highly regarded, retired academic and the latter a disgraced TV host and conservative partisan. For a brief four minutes in 2006, however, the two met and discussed on national television the nature of politics and higher education, with predictable obtuseness on the part of O’Reilly. Nothing was concluded or conceded, and arguably nothing was learned. Yet both did portend a fundamental change to the operation of American political life. O’Reilly’s attempt was far more public (and destructive), but Andrews’s political project has remained confined to a small contingent of scholars. This article reexamines Andrews’s claim that the only effective means of political resistance can come from an experimental poetic practice that challenges the ideology of American individualism at the heart of contemporary sense making. The author argues that the limitations of this political project are instructive and relevant beyond the confines of a scholarly interest in poetry, which are revealed through readings of Harryette Mullen.

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Schmidt, Melanie, Jenny Stracke, Katja Kulke, Nicole Kemper und Birgit Spindler. „Case Study of an Automatic Enrichment Device for Laying Hens on a Free-Range Laying Hen Farm“. Agriculture 9, Nr. 5 (01.05.2019): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture9050091.

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Access to adequate foraging material can reduce the occurrence of feather pecking and cannibalism in laying hens. Technical devices may help farmers provide enrichment material more effectively. However, research in this field is rare. On a commercial free-range farm with 15,000 laying hens (Lohmann Tradition), an enrichment device was evaluated from the 30th to the 58th week of age (LW). It ran at five time points (TP) in the afternoon and offered five grams of dried maize silage per hen per day. The numbers of hens residing in defined scratching areas (ScA) either beneath the device (ScA 1 and 3) or in a similar area without the device (ScA 2) were determined. Significantly more hens were found in ScA 1 and ScA 3 when the device was running. On average, only 6.96 (±7.00) hens stayed in ScA 2, whereas 31.45 (±5.38) and 33.83 (±6.16) hens stayed in ScA 1 and ScA 3, respectively. The hen numbers for ScA 1 and ScA 3 did not differ significantly, nor did the TPs have an influence on number of hens within ScA 1 and ScA 3. The number of hens beneath the device can serve as a potential indicator of the device’s usage.

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Popov, Arkadii N., Mikhail N. Polishchuck und Arkadii B. Smirnov. „Mechatronic Device for Brick Walls Laying“. International Review of Mechanical Engineering (IREME) 12, Nr. 5 (31.05.2018): 459. http://dx.doi.org/10.15866/ireme.v12i5.14544.

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4

Radwan, Amr, und Hoon Kim. „Performance Enhancement for Device-to-Device Under laying Cellular Network Using Coalition Formation Game“. Journal of Korea Multimedia Society 19, Nr. 8 (30.08.2016): 1415–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.9717/kmms.2016.19.8.1415.

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5

Selech, Jarosław, Dawid Romek, Dariusz Ulbrich, Konrad Włodarczyk, Żaneta Staszak, Jacek Marcinkiewicz und Mateusz Zbonik. „Draining machine concept“. Mechanik 91, Nr. 7 (09.07.2018): 603–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.17814/mechanik.2018.7.97.

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The article contains a draft of a device for laying drainage pipelines. The project was made in a CAD environment. The article contains basic strength calculations of the device structure elements. The main assumptions that the device fulfills is the simple operation and high repairability of the machine element.

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Pelczarski, Kathryn M., und Jeffrey Heyman. „Laying the Foundation for Preventing Device-Related Patient Safety Problems“. Biomedical Instrumentation & Technology 42, Nr. 3 (Mai 2008): 225–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2345/0899-8205(2008)42[225:ltffpd]2.0.co;2.

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7

Chen, Li Dong, Feng Yong Du, Feng Bao Du und Wei Zhi Wang. „Design on Multifunctional Water-Saving Mulch Planter“. Advanced Materials Research 912-914 (April 2014): 628–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.912-914.628.

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In order to improve the seeding efficiency and quality of water-saving mulch planters, a kind of multifunction mulch planter with laying irrigation tape was designed based on duckbill type precision seed metering device. It broke the pattern of single planting machine and realized duplex joint seeding operations. The seeding and film mulching performance were also improved by optimizing the seed metering device and film laying device. The planter has the characteristics of simple operation, less investment, reliable performance and good film-mulching result. The result of field test showed that: the average seed space is 150mm; the working speed is 4.3km/h; the pass rate of grain distance is 96.7%; the vacancy rate is 0.8%, the pass rate of seed number is 99.2%. So the sowing quality of the planter is well.

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Leung, Jacob C. K., Arthur J. Hilliker und Pouya Rezai. „An integrated hybrid microfluidic device for oviposition-based chemical screening of adult Drosophila melanogaster“. Lab on a Chip 16, Nr. 4 (2016): 709–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5lc01517k.

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9

R.A. Mendekeev, M.S. Turgunbaev, U.S. Kydyralieva, B.M. Atabaev und Z.N. Mambetaliev. „TRENCHLESS METHODS OF LAYING COMMUNICATIONS IN CONSTRUCTION AND DEVICES FOR THEIR IMPLEMENTATION“. Herald of KSUCTA n a N Isanov, Nr. 3 (23.09.2019): 497–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.35803/1694-5298.2019.3.497-507.

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10

Moroki, Yuko, und Toshio Tanaka. „A pecking device as an environmental enrichment for caged laying hens“. Animal Science Journal 87, Nr. 8 (19.11.2015): 1055–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/asj.12525.

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11

Jones, R. B., und C. Ruschak. „Domestic chicks’ responses to PECKA-BLOCKS and string enrichment devices“. Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2002 (2002): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200008711.

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The PECKA-BLOCK (Breckland International Ltd.) is a commercially available, cereal and baked-sand-based device designed to enrich the environment and reduce the incidence of behavioural vices, such as feather pecking and cannibalism. Pecking at this novel stimulus loosens cereal grains that can then be eaten. This device reduced inter-bird pecking in broiler chicks (Guy, 2001) though it is not clear whether the authors measured gentle or severe feather pecking, allopreening, or aggression. White string (polypropylene twine) elicits sustained interest by chicks and hens of various laying and its provision reduced feather pecking and pecking-related feather damage (Jones, 2001). The present study compared the responses of layer chicks to simple string devices and to soft and hard PECKA-BLOCKS.

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Yurkevych, Yuriy, Iryna Sukholova und Mariana Kasynets. „Modeling of air flow in industrial rooms“. Selected Scientific Papers - Journal of Civil Engineering 13, Nr. 1 (01.12.2018): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sspjce-2018-0016.

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Abstract The article is devoted to the air distribution in a room by swirl and laying air jets. Dynamic parameters of air flow that is created due to swirl and laying air jets at their leakage in a room has been determined. The mathematical model of air supply with swirl and laying air jets in the industrial rooms is improved. Simulation of air flow is performed due to CFD FLUENT (Ansys FLUENT). Solution of the equation by using k-ε model of turbulence is presented. Dynamic parameters of air flow that is created due to swirl and laying air jets at their leakage at variable regime and creation of dynamic microclimate in a room has been determined. Results of experimental investigations of air supply into the room by air distribution device which creates swirl air jets for creation more intensive turbulence air flow in the room are presented. The results of theoretical researches of influence of dynamic microclimate to the human organism are presented.

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Carvalho, Guilherme, Maria Pereira, Asal Kiazadeh und Vítor Grade Tavares. „A Neural Network Approach towards Generalized Resistive Switching Modelling“. Micromachines 12, Nr. 9 (21.09.2021): 1132. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12091132.

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Resistive switching behaviour has been demonstrated to be a common characteristic to many materials. In this regard, research teams to date have produced a plethora of different devices exhibiting diverse behaviour, but when system design is considered, finding a ‘one-model-fits-all’ solution can be quite difficult, or even impossible. However, it is in the interest of the community to achieve more general modelling tools for design that allows a quick model update as devices evolve. Laying the grounds with such a principle, this paper presents an artificial neural network learning approach to resistive switching modelling. The efficacy of the method is demonstrated firstly with two simulated devices and secondly with a 4 μm2 amorphous IGZO device. For the amorphous IGZO device, a normalized root-mean-squared error (NRMSE) of 5.66 × 10−3 is achieved with a [2, 50,50 ,1] network structure, representing a good balance between model complexity and accuracy. A brief study on the number of hidden layers and neurons and its effect on network performance is also conducted with the best NRMSE reported at 4.63 × 10−3. The low error rate achieved in both simulated and real-world devices is a good indicator that the presented approach is flexible and can suit multiple device types.

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Гегамян, Н., N. S. Gegamyan, Л. Киселев, L. Kiselev, В. Киселев, V. Kiselev, Н. Новикова et al. „DETERMINING THE OPTIMAL MODE OF OPERATION OF THE DEVICE “AEROTON” FOR LAYING HENS“. Agrarian Bulletin of the 180, Nr. 1 (03.04.2019): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.32417/article_5ca4df106d1b01.03591716.

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Sherwin, C. M. „Pecking behaviour of laying hens provided with a simple motorised environmental enrichment device“. British Poultry Science 34, Nr. 2 (Mai 1993): 235–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00071669308417580.

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Vinogradov, Aleksandr V., und Aleksey V. Bukreev. „Microcontroller Device for Conductor Identification Using Acoustic Signal“. Elektrotekhnologii i elektrooborudovanie v APK 67, Nr. 1 (28.03.2020): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.22314/2658-4859-2020-67-1-28-34.

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When repairing and replacing electrical wiring in enterprises, the main difficulty is the lack or poor quality of documentation, plans for conductors laying. Distinguishing wires (cables) and their cores by the color of the shells or using tags attached to the ends is difficult if the shells have the same color and there are no tags. Devices and technical solutions used to identify wires and cables do not allow recognizing conductors without breaking the electrical circuit, removing insulation, and de-energizing the network. Searching for the right conductor is a time-consuming operation. (Research purpose) The research purpose is developing a new microcontroller device for identifying wires using an acoustic signal. (Materials and methods) Literature sources has been searched for devices for conductors identifying. (Results and discussion) The article proposes a method that involves feeding an acoustic signal to a wire at one point and capturing it at another, in order to recognize the desired wire. The article presents results of comparison of the developed microcontroller device for identifying conductors using an acoustic signal with known devices and methods for conductors recognizing. (Conclusions) The article reveals the shortcomings of existing methods and means of identifying wires and cables. Authors performed a theoretical calculation of the sound pressure in the conductor at a given distance. The article presents the calculation of speed of acoustic waves in conductors with different types of insulation. Authors designed a microcontroller device for identifying conductors using an acoustic signal and tested it. It was determined that the device increases the safety of work, reduces the cost of operating internal wiring and identification time; eliminates the violation of wire insulation, the need to disable electrical receivers. The convergence of theoretical calculations and experimental data was shown.

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Giersberg, Mona Franziska, Nicole Kemper und Birgit Spindler. „On-Farm Evaluation of an Automatic Enrichment Device with Maize Silage for Laying Hens“. Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science 22, Nr. 4 (19.07.2018): 309–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10888705.2018.1495079.

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Nie, Wen, Nai Guo Wang, Wei Min Cheng, You Ying Ma und Ya Ru Sun. „The Research and Application of Efficient Dust Control System for Whole-Rock Comprehensive Mechanization Driving Face“. Advanced Materials Research 955-959 (Juni 2014): 1020–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.955-959.1020.

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To prevent high concentration dust on whole-rock comprehensive mechanization driving face efficiently, air curtain dust drawing and purification system were developed. This system is consisted of two sections, air curtain dust drawing device and dust purification system device. It determines optimized parameters of air curtain drawing dust device by combining site actual conditions and has realized short distance 3d dust absorbing and random movement. After using the efficient dust control system for whole-rock comprehensive mechanization driving face on south main return way,the average dust-laying rate of total coal dust and respirable dust in manually operation department, respectively reach 91.6% and 90.5%.It shows that this system is a efficient means for dust control of whole-rock comprehensive mechanization driving face.

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Shoffstall, Andrew, Melanie Ecker, Vindhya Danda, Alexandra Joshi-Imre, Allison Stiller, Marina Yu, Jennifer Paiz et al. „Characterization of the Neuroinflammatory Response to Thiol-ene Shape Memory Polymer Coated Intracortical Microelectrodes“. Micromachines 9, Nr. 10 (24.09.2018): 486. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi9100486.

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Thiol-ene based shape memory polymers (SMPs) have been developed for use as intracortical microelectrode substrates. The unique chemistry provides precise control over the mechanical and thermal glass-transition properties. As a result, SMP substrates are stiff at room temperature, allowing for insertion into the brain without buckling and subsequently soften in response to body temperatures, reducing the mechanical mismatch between device and tissue. Since the surface chemistry of the materials can contribute significantly to the ultimate biocompatibility, as a first step in the characterization of our SMPs, we sought to isolate the biological response to the implanted material surface without regards to the softening mechanics. To accomplish this, we tightly controlled for bulk stiffness by comparing bare silicon ‘dummy’ devices to thickness-matched silicon devices dip-coated with SMP. The neuroinflammatory response was evaluated after devices were implanted in the rat cortex for 2 or 16 weeks. We observed no differences in the markers tested at either time point, except that astrocytic scarring was significantly reduced for the dip-coated implants at 16 weeks. The surface properties of non-softening thiol-ene SMP substrates appeared to be equally-tolerated and just as suitable as silicon for neural implant substrates for applications such as intracortical microelectrodes, laying the groundwork for future softer devices to improve upon the prototype device performance presented here.

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Xie, Baiming, Lefeng Cheng, Chao Ding, Shouyuan Shi, Zhukui Tan, Zhengjia Li, Bin Liu, Jinxiu Hua und Wenjing Huang. „Design of An Intelligent Split-type Electricity Utilization Measurement and Control Terminal for Local Household Energy Management and Optimization“. E3S Web of Conferences 53 (2018): 01010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20185301010.

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It is of great significance to implement automatic demand response (ADR) in the energy Internet based on accurate measurement and control of electricity utilization devices using intelligent terminals. Current intelligent terminals lack flexibility and possess weak data collection and processing capabilities. On this basis, this paper developed an intelligent split-type electricity utilization measurement and control terminal for local household energy management and optimization. This intelligent terminal has capabilities of digital signal processing and infrared-based precision control, which is composed of two separate parts: the device body and the infrared controller. Among them, the device body includes DSP chip, electrical sampling circuit, ADC chip, WiFi module, ZigBee module, etc. The infrared controller contains single-chip microcomputer, ZigBee module, infrared encoding and transmit-receiving module, and lithium-ion battery. The device body is able to provide commands to the infrared controller according to the collected electricity utilization information, environmental information and comprehensive demand response requirements, thereby accurately adjusting the operating status of the loads, namely the electrical household appliances. Due to the split-type and rechargeable design, this intelligent terminal is able to adapt to a complex home environment, laying the hardware foundation for effective home energy management and optimization and facilitating household loads participating in demand response, especially automatic demand response.

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Wang, Wen Ming, Yin Li, Shi Min Zhang, Da Xin Luo und Xiao Xiao Zhu. „Structure Design of a Novel Four Tracks Umbilical Tensioner“. Advanced Materials Research 532-533 (Juni 2012): 277–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.532-533.277.

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The umbilical tensioner is special equipment for laying pipeline offshore. Paper analyzes the research of umbilical tensioner, calculates the driving torque of the drive device, and designs the overall program of the tensioner structure based on four tracks structure, takes a mechanical check of key components in the actual operating environment. Analyzing the umbilical tensioner has a theoretical significance for the designing. The results show that the mechanical structure is reasonable.

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Goncharov, Anatoly, und Vladimir Yefimov. „Increasing the laying depth of the foundations fordeepened underground buildingsparts“. E3S Web of Conferences 258 (2021): 09017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125809017.

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The article lays down the basic rules for increasing the laying depth of foundations and gives examples of how these works are carried out if the underground part of the building needs to be deepened. With the small size of the deepening of the basement in low-rise buildings, it is possible to deepen the foundations without hanging them at a lower cost. Meanwhile the risk of uneven sedimentary deformations is lower than whilehanging of load-bearing walls with the device of through beams. If it is necessary to deepen the underground part with an increase in the bearing capacity of the foundations, it is most rational to use composite piles which are submerged with pressure and are supported by existing belt foundations. The application of this method requires the mandatory installation of distributing beams under the tape foundation, providing the transfer of the load from the pile indentation on the volume of the structures, significantly exceeding by the weight of the indentation force.

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Holcman, A., G. Gorjanc und I. Štuhec. „Porous Concrete Block as an Environmental Enrichment Device Increases Activity of Laying Hens in Cages“. Poultry Science 87, Nr. 9 (September 2008): 1714–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3382/ps.2008-00113.

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Prendergast, Patrick J. „The Bioengineering Design Forum“. Industry and Higher Education 11, Nr. 2 (April 1997): 116–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095042229701100209.

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The author assesses the results of the Bioengineering Design Forum – a collaboration between university researchers, clinicians and industry in Ireland. The aim of the Forum is to initiate, develop and bring to a successful conclusion R&D collaborations that lead to new or improved medical devices. By laying down certain operating procedures for the Forum, an effective ‘meeting ground’ has been developed which serves the objectives of both university engineering departments and the medical device industry in a unique way. The purpose of this paper is to relate our experiences of the Forum; they may be useful to others who would like to attempt similar initiatives in other fields. The author also describes the results that may be expected from this kind of university–industry collaboration in practice.

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Feng, Han, Meng Lan Duan, De Guo Wang, Zhi Hui Hu, He Tong, Ming Chen Ni und Guang Ming Fu. „Theoretical Analysis and Experimental Research on Soil Deformation due to Pipe-Soil Interaction for Pipe-Laying“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 148-149 (Dezember 2011): 1458–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.148-149.1458.

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The interaction between pipeline and soil is a difficult problem. This paper focused on the deformation of the seabed due to pipe-soil interaction during pipe-laying, and forecasted the phenomenon of surface upheaval and plastic flow of the surrounding soil with ABAQUS. A formula for predicting the height of upheaval was introduced. An experimental device was set up to analyze the failure mechanism of the soil, and good results were obtained.

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Tatarczak, Jarosław, Zbigniew Krzysiak, Waldemar Samociuk, Zdzisław Kaliniewicz und Leszek Krzywonos. „A review of the newest 3D printing technology for metal objects“. Mechanik 90, Nr. 7 (10.07.2017): 612–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17814/mechanik.2017.7.89.

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The article presents the newest technologies of the 3D printing of metal objects. The technologies were classified on account of the way of laying and joining material. The research results are indicated the advantages and the disadvantages of the various methods of joining metal material. There is presented a brief description of the technology of the 3D printing which using a metal material, and lists of manufacturers who offering the device in the technology.

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Chervov, Vladimir V. „IMPROVEMENT OF DESIGN OF PNEUMATIC HAMMER FOR DRIVING VERTICAL PIPES WITH LARGE DIAMETER INTO SOIL“. Interexpo GEO-Siberia 2 (08.07.2020): 219–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2618-981x-2020-2-219-225.

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A brief description of the equipment used for trenchless pipe laying is given. The basic parameters of a pneumatic hammer designed for driving pipes into soil with an open end greater than 426 mm in diameter are substantiated. The description of the device and operating principle of a pneumatic hammer with an air distribution system using an elastic circular valve as the main element is presented. Based on the analysis of many-year operation of equipment for trenchless pipe laying and driving vertical pipes, the frequency and sequence of crack appearance, destruction and failure of the main parts of the pneumatic hammer are determined. New principles of calculation and design of a pneumatic hammer with a large mass of the striking part without loss of work performance are proposed. The solution to the problems associated with fatigue failure of the main parts is a decrease in striking velocity.

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Chernenko, Roman, Olena Riabchun, Maksym Vorokhob, Andriy Anosov und Valerii Kozachok. „INCREASING THE LEVEL OF SECURITY OF INTERNET THINGS NETWORK SYSTEMS DUE TO ENCRYPTION OF DATA ON DEVICES WITH LIMITED COMPUTER SYSTEMS“. Cybersecurity: Education, Science, Technique 3, Nr. 11 (2021): 124–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2663-4023.2021.11.124135.

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Because IoT devices work with data that may be confidential or confidential, that data must be protected. Due to the peculiarities of platforms and the implementation of such systems, namely: first, the use of devices with limited computing characteristics, which makes it impossible to use traditional means of information protection and data transmission protocols, and secondly. systems, and provide them with sufficient computing resources due to the impossibility of laying power lines, thirdly, the lack of standards for the implementation of these devices in the existing infrastructure, there are serious threats to the confidentiality, integrity and availability of information. The article considers the model of the IoT system, oneM2M standard presented by the European Institute of Communication Standards. IoT devices are designed with the necessary network connectivity, but often do not provide reliable network security. Network security is a critical factor in the deployment of IoT devices. The situation is complicated by the fact that IoT largely consists of limited devices. A limited device usually has a very limited cycle of power, memory, and processing. IoT devices are particularly vulnerable to threats because many of the current IoT devices do not support encryption. Several known encryption algorithms were selected for analysis: RSA, Vernam cipher, El Gamal scheme. After analyzing the above algorithms, a prototype of the IoT system was developed using limited devices, which provides absolute cryptographic stability. The prototype consists of a gateway in the role of a Raspberry pi 3 B + microcomputer, a limited Arduino Nano device with a connected sensor and a software implementation of the above-mentioned Vernam cipher with all the tasks.

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Alsafouri, Suleiman, und Steven K. Ayer. „Leveraging Mobile Augmented Reality Devices for Enabling Specific Human Behaviors in Design and Constructability Review“. Advances in Civil Engineering 2019 (01.04.2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3951986.

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Augmented reality (AR) may support effective design and constructability reviews by providing both the physical exploration benefits of traditional physical mock-ups and also the flexibility benefits of building information models (BIM). Many different types of mobile computing devices can present the same technical AR environment, but it remains unclear how the different properties of the devices impact user behaviors in an architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) context. This study tasked users with completing the same design review task, using the same technical AR environment but viewed through different commercially available mobile AR devices. Specifically, 32 participants were tasked with collaboratively laying out and reviewing a simple office design using the randomly assigned AR device. Results showed 11 different behaviors were observed and different mobile computers elicited different behaviors. To add further context to the findings, the results were compared to those of a similar, previously published study where users completed a design review with the option to choose one or multiple AR devices. For several types of behaviors, including alternative design formation, navigation of design, and problem solving, no differences were observed between either groups or based on specific AR devices. Conversely, for other behaviors, including explanative, decision making, and discussions with team members, participants did not engage in these behaviors when they could self-select devices, but these behaviors were observed when participants were forced to use a particular device. This suggests that, for some applications, while users may tend to prefer one type of AR interface, they are fully capable of performing the same types of design review tasks with any AR device. The novelty of this work is in demonstrating how the context in which devices are applied impacts the ways in which they are used. This may help future practitioners and researchers to strategically choose to use, or not to use, certain types of devices to elicit specific behaviors.

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DeGaspari, John. „Tiny, Tuned, and Unattached“. Mechanical Engineering 123, Nr. 07 (01.07.2001): 50–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2001-jul-1.

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Work is under way to create high-end integrated microsystems that can sense, crunch data, and communicate wirelessly—in a package the size of a sugar cube. Research is under way to bring wireless communication down to the micro level, laying the groundwork for next-generation sensing systems. Wireless sensors assume low manufacturing costs, low power use, and an elevated level of integration. Power dissipation must be low enough to permit an acceptable lifetime for the device. One effort working to make this vision a reality is the Wireless Integrated Microsystems (WIMS) project—a research consortium funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF). WIMS is one of about 20 Engineering Research Centers funded by the NSF and is the only one focused on wireless microelectro-mechanical system (MEMS) devices. The NSF has pledged financial support for up to 10 years.

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Pirumyan, Narine, Migran Stakyan und Hmayk Khazaryan. „The pipe material and improvement state analysis of technological processes for laying main gas pipelines“. E3S Web of Conferences 281 (2021): 01046. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128101046.

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The change in the structural state of the gas pipes’ weld material at different seam cross-sections have been considered. The classification of external and internal defects of the joint material caused by the influence of different types of factors, most significant of which are the material defects in the transition zone of the joint to the pipe base metal. The analysis of atmospheric effects on the pipeline welds materials initiating adsorption and electrochemical processes in the metal microstructure that cause corrosion on the seam outer surface is given. Taking into account the non-stationary mode of pipes loading due to fluctuations in internal gas pressure, corrosion-fatigue damage is also added to these material defects, which cause the fatigue cracks development in the material, leading to a violation of the system tightness and even to welds destruction. The structure of a mobile device is proposed for performing a complex of technological operations for assembling large-diameter ground gas pipeline and for ensuring installation accuracy and maintenance processing of the welded pipes’ edges, automatic welding along the seam perimeter, cleaning, grinding and hardening of the seam material outer surface, applying a protective coating against atmospheric influences. The device facilitates the work of installation staff, increases the reliability and bearing capacity of the gas transmission system installed in difficult terrain.

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Vdovichenko, Oleksand, und Artem Perepelitsyn. „Technologies for building systems of remote lining of communication lines: a practical example of implementation“. RADIOELECTRONIC AND COMPUTER SYSTEMS, Nr. 2 (02.06.2021): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.32620/reks.2021.2.03.

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The subject matter of study in this article is ways to build systems for remote laying of communication lines and solve the problem of their implementation. The goal is to simplify the process of developing robotic systems to solve applied problems. The tasks to be solved are to consider technologies of laying and to define the role of the robotic decisions used in them; consider and analyze existing compact solutions; consider existing tools and kits for rapid creation and testing of electromechanical systems; describe the features of conceptual and practical implementations of the system. According to the tasks, the following results were obtained. The existing methods and equipment for laying communication lines are analyzed. The types of lines placement according to the method and working conditions is considered. Standard equipment and experimental or less common equipment samples are analyzed. The results of a comparative analysis of the currently most well-known robotic solutions used to automate the placement of communications are presented. The existing robotic compact solutions the functionality of which is similar to the object of research are considered in detail. Three devices from various manufacturers designed to perform specialized tasks and has similar specificity of work including the need to move in confined spaces in the vertical and horizontal directions and deliver a payload to the destination are considered. The key differences in the considered devices including modular architecture, simplification of the electrical component of the system due to the frame, adaptability, and adaptability of the device to various environmental conditions are given. The quantitative characteristics of the devices such as the speed of movement, the size of the device itself, and its weight are analyzed. A technological stack that allows the rapid prototyping of a system with similar functions is considered and analyzed. The results of the classification of three sets for the rapid construction of a digital system with an indication of their advantages and disadvantages are given. The qualitative characteristics of development tools such as the prevalence of components, the complexity of use, and their cost are analyzed. An approach for the fast construction of a digital system based on modular reprogrammable components is proposed. Conclusions. The areas of application of existing solutions, the way of their implementation, and unique features that can be useful in solving the problem of placement of communications are considered. The scientific novelty of the results obtained is as follows: a unique architecture of a robot for placement of communication lines with movable segments for movement in space is proposed; a set of programmable modules as part of the developed system is presented. The process of choosing electronic components for building a system is discussed. A digital interface for interacting components and the robot as a whole is described. The possibility of reprogramming the developed robot to restore its working capacity is devised.

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Sidorenko, V. P., V. D. Zhora, O. I. Radkevich, V. P. Grunyanska, Yu V. Prokofiev, Yu V. Tayakin und T. M. Virozub. „Assembly technology and design features of microelectronic coordinate-sensitive detectors“. Технология и конструирование в электронной аппаратуре, Nr. 1 (2018): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.15222/tkea2018.1.21.

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The design features and assembly technology of microelectronic coordinate-sensitive detectors of charged particles for spectroscopy are considered. The device is based on the specialized very-large-scale integration (VLSI) crystal manufactured using CMOS technology and containing a charge-sensitive matrix designed to detect isotope ions in a wide mass spectrum of the test substance. The range of concentrations measured by devices is also wide and ranges from 10–7 to 100%. The VLSI crystal is placed on a multilayer ceramic basis. The devices also contain a Hamamatsu micro-channel plate (MCP), electrodes that supply high voltage to integrated circuits (2.0 kV), a non-magnetic metal shield for protecting the device components, a connector and other structural elements. VLSI crystals are installed using the method of laying the microcircuits on a flexible aluminum — polyimide media. Such mounting method has a number of advantages over others. The VLSI crystals with project standards of 1 µm are designed for the possibility to create new generation of detectors, which can include either one or several crystals. The prototype version has been developed and it allows placing a bar of five ceramic-based crystals with a minimum gap of 100 µm between them. This design provides high reliability of products due to the usage of multilayer ceramic boards and due to progressive assembly methods used in the manufacturing of special-purpose microelectronic equipment, including the equipment resistant to special external factors.

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Zender-Świercz, Ewa. „Microclimate in Rooms Equipped with Decentralized Façade Ventilation Device“. Atmosphere 11, Nr. 8 (29.07.2020): 800. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos11080800.

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Many building are characterized by insufficient air exchange, which may result in the symptoms of sick building syndrome (SBS). A large number of existing buildings are equipped with natural ventilation, whose work is disturbed by activities going to energy-saving. The thermomodernization activities are about mounting new sealed windows and laying thermal isolation, which reduces the amount of infiltrating/exfiltrating air. In many cases, the mechanical ventilation cannot be used due to a lack of a place in building or architectural and construction requirements. One of the solutions to improve the indoor microclimate is the decentralized façade ventilation. In the article, the internal air parameters in an office room equipped with decentralized façade ventilation device were analyzed. The room was equipped with a decentralized façade unit, which cyclically supplied and removed air from the room. The time of the supply/exhaust was changed to 2 min, 4 min, and 10 min. The temperature and the humidity of the indoor air and the outdoor air and the concentration of carbon dioxide inside the room were measured. The analysis showed that despite the lack of a heater in the device, the air temperature in the workplace and in the central point of the room was in the range of 20–22 °C. The air humidity was in the range of 27–43%.

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Kyznetsova, Victoria N., Vitaliy V. Savinkin, Tatyana Yu Ratushnaya, Andrei Victor Sandu und Petrica Vizureanu. „Study of the Spatial Distribution of Forces and Stresses on Wear Surfaces at Optimization of the Excavating Part of an Earthmoving Machine Transverse Profile“. Coatings 11, Nr. 2 (04.02.2021): 182. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11020182.

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The relevance of this research lies in the need to develop a scientifically-grounded methodology for designing the optimal profile of the contact frontal surface of an energy-efficient earthmoving machine operating device, which ensures the redistribution of resistance forces along the cutting elements during the excavation of frozen soil when extracting hydrocarbons. The relevance is confirmed by the need to improve domestic methods for designing the profiles of effective operating devices, ensuring the excavation of frozen soils during the laying of oil and gas pipelines and geological exploration in permafrost areas. Increasing the energy efficiency and service life of highly loaded ripper teeth is done by optimizing the geometric profile and designing a spatial shape that provides minimal resistance to cutting the soil. The object of the research is the process of dynamic interaction of the ripper tooth cutting profile with the frozen soil environment. The research method used was kinematic analysis and force calculation. The cyclic process of dynamic loading of the ripper operating device was investigated. The methodology of system analysis, as well as the method of distribution of resistance forces over the geometric elements of the cutting edge, were used. The mathematical apparatus has been effectively applied to establish the dependences of the change in energy and power properties on performance indicators, soil rheology, and dynamic loads of the ripper tooth. The process of interaction of the ripper tooth tip with frozen soil was investigated. A method for substantiating the design parameters of the operating device by using Legendre polynomials was proposed. Separate calculation results subject to the introduced restrictions were presented for the condition for solving the problem. The optimal parameters of the transverse profile of the contact frontal surface of the earth-moving machine operating device were determined taking into account the coefficient of reducing the fracture resistance of frozen soils.

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Roll, V. F. B., G. A. M. Levrino, R. C. Briz und T. Buil. „Ethological parameters and performance of Hy Line W-98 and ISA Brown hens when housed in furnished cages“. Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia 60, Nr. 3 (Juni 2008): 749–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-09352008000300033.

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This study was carried out throughout a laying period to compare the behaviour and performance of two groups of commercial layers, 180 ISA Brown and 120 Hy line W98, housed at 17 weeks of age in furnished cages with a nest box, perches, dust-bath, and claw shortening device. Based on productive parameters, the model of furnished cages studied is suitable for both, Isa Brown and Hy line hens. The study suggested that strain has a significant effect on feather condition and on some behavioural displays, particularly those related to the use of a dust-bath.

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Gorobetz, Mikhail, Andrey Potapov, Aleksandr Korneyev und Ivars Alps. „Device and Algorithm for Vehicle Detection and Traffic Intensity Analysis“. Electrical, Control and Communication Engineering 17, Nr. 1 (01.06.2021): 83–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ecce-2021-0010.

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Abstract To effectively manage the traffic flow in order to reduce traffic congestion, it is necessary to know the volumes and quantitative indicators of this flow. Various detection methods are known for detecting a vehicle in a lane, which, in turn, have their own advantages and disadvantages. To detect vehicles and analyse traffic intensity, the authors use a pulse coherent radar (PCR) sensor module. Testing of various modes of operation of the radar sensor was carried out to select the optimal mode for detecting vehicles. The paper describes a method for fixing vehicles of different sizes, filtering and separating the vehicle from the traffic flow. The developed vehicle detection device works in conjunction with signal traffic lights, through which traffic control takes place. The signal traffic lights, which have their own sensors and control units, communicate with each other via a radio channel; there is no need for cable laying. The system is designed to work on road maintenance sites. The paper describes the experimental data when testing on a separate section of the road. The experiment showed the advantage of traffic lights (cars passed the regulated traffic light faster) from the point of view of calculating the traffic flow over the normal traffic light operation. Reducing downtime in traffic jams, in turn, has a beneficial effect on the environmental situation, since at the moment internal combustion engines prevail in vehicles.

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Bianco, Francesco, Luca Fredianelli, Fabio Lo Castro, Paolo Gagliardi, Francesco Fidecaro und Gaetano Licitra. „Stabilization of a p-u Sensor Mounted on a Vehicle for Measuring the Acoustic Impedance of Road Surfaces“. Sensors 20, Nr. 5 (25.02.2020): 1239. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20051239.

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The knowledge of the acoustic impedance of a material allows for the calculation of its acoustic absorption. Impedance can also be linked to structural and physical proprieties of materials. However, while the impedance of pavement samples in laboratory conditions can usually be measured with high accuracy using devices such as the impedance tube, complete in-situ evaluation results are less accurate than the laboratory results and is so time consuming that a full scale implementation of in-situ evaluations is practically impossible. Such a system could provide information on the homogeneity and the correct laying of an installation, which is proven to be directly linked to its acoustic emission properties. The present work studies the development of a measurement instrument which can be fastened through holding elements to a moving laboratory (i.e., a vehicle). This device overcomes the issues that afflict traditional in-situ measurements, such as the impossibility to perform a continuous spatial characterization of a given pavement in order to yield a direct evaluation of the surface’s quality. The instrumentation has been uncoupled from the vehicle’s frame with a system including a Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controller, studied to maintain the system at a fixed distance from the ground and to reduce damping. The stabilization of this device and the measurement system itself are evaluated and compared to the traditional one.

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Gast, Richard K., Bailey W. Mitchell und Peter S. Holt. „Detection of Airborne Salmonella enteritidis in the Environment of Experimentally Infected Laying Hens by an Electrostatic Sampling Device“. Avian Diseases 48, Nr. 1 (Januar 2004): 148–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1637/7086.

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Wang, Shu Wei, Lin Lin und Guo Zhong Wu. „Impact Analysis of Three Types of Insulation Materials Cold Heat Transfer in the Pipeline“. Advanced Materials Research 694-697 (Mai 2013): 720–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.694-697.720.

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The good and bad effects of cryogenic equipments and pipe cold directly affect the energy consumption of the device as well as light hydrocarbon production. Therefore, the low temperature pipeline laying cold layer is necessary to analyze the cold material impact on the structure of the heat transfer of cryogenic piping cold, it can be able to provide a scientific basis for the future related to the transformation of low-temperature device and pipes. Through the establishment of the low-temperature piping cold heat transfer model, analyzing the impact of different pipeline medium temperature, cold material under low temperature piping cold heat transfer. The results show that : (1) Under the conditions of the same cold thickness ,the temperature of the medium in the pipe decreases , the heat flux becomes large , the cold loss becomes larger ; ( 2 ) Same medium temperature and the thickness of the cold , the cold effect of the insulation material order LT> polyurethane> foam glass .

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Halpin, Darren R., und Bert Fraussen. „Laying the Groundwork: Linking Internal Agenda-Setting Processes of Interest Groups to Their Role in Policy Making“. Administration & Society 51, Nr. 8 (31.08.2017): 1337–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0095399717728094.

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Although scholarship has highlighted the role of stakeholders in policy making, less is known about the preparations they make that lay the groundwork for their lobbying activities. This article links ideas on collaborative governance with the study of agenda setting within interest groups. We outline an orthodox mode of agenda setting that anticipates groups possess a proactive policy mode, an institutionalized policy platform, and a pyramid-like agenda structure. Subsequently, we use this orthodox mode as a heuristic device for examining agenda structures and processes, combining survey data on the practices of groups in Australia with illustrative qualitative evidence.

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Trosborg, Anna. „Regulative Strategies in Arbitration Law Uncitral Model Law on International Commercial Arbitration (UNCITRAL) compared with Arbitration Law of the People's Republic of China“. HERMES - Journal of Language and Communication in Business 17, Nr. 32 (07.03.2017): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/hjlcb.v17i32.25758.

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This paper is concerned with the laying down of the law in international and domestic arbitration. Interest centres on regulative and constitutive functions, and an analysis of realisation patterns of regulative (directive) acts is reported. The focus is on the linguistic realisation patterns of obligation, prohibition, and permission in terms of modal verbs and constitutive rules.The ﬁndings show that the language of the law characteristically select patterns of directives which are speciﬁc to the legal domain. Face redress typically used in everyday communication as well as business interaction is not a device used in arbitration law. Moreover, the linguistic devices employed differ as regards different parts of the law. Modal verbs are typically applied for action rules, whereas constitutive rules are mainly reserved for stipulation rules and deﬁnition rules.The analysis offers a comparison of Unicitral Model Law and domestic law. Finally, attention is paid to the adequacy of the chosen linguistic realisation patterns as regards simpliﬁcation/ easiﬁ cation of legal expressions. The results are compared to those obtained in a previous study of Contract Law.

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Spiridonov, E. К., G. G. Yakubov und D. F. Khabarova. „HYDROJET EJECTION HYDROMETER OF BULK MATERIALS. WORKFLOW AND CHARACTERISTICS“. Bulletin of the South Ural State University series "Mechanical Engineering Industry" 20, Nr. 1 (2020): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.14529/engin200106.

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Among hydrodynamic machines, jet pumps are among the most common. The high demand for this type of pump is due to their following features: the absence of moving parts and the simplicity of the device, small overall dimensions and weight, high self-priming ability, the ability to pump aggressive media and hydraulic mixtures containing solid impurities. In the hydromechanical method of developing deposits of building materials (sand, gravel, etc.), jet pumps – hydraulic elevators are used for underwater mining and transportation of bulk materials to the sorting plant, and after classification of the sand-gravel mixture – hydraulic transport of sand and gravel to dumps through pipelines. With this method of laying the finished product, the jet pump creates a static pressure of the hydraulic mixture, sufficient for its transport to the dump. However, another way of laying the finished product in dumps is also possible – through the air with a slurry stream. In this case, the jet pump performs the function of a hydrometer – a device for creating a high-speed slurry jet. A review of the literatureshowed that this mode of operation of the jet pump was not investigated. The effective operation of the jet pump-hydrometer depends on the ratio of the areas of the outlet section of the nozzle and the normal section of the mixing chamber, the relative density of the slurry in the input hopper. For each value of the relative density of the slurry, there is an optimal ratio of the areas of the nozzle and the chamber at which the specific energy consumption of the active stream will be minimal. The aim of this work is to determine and analyze the characteristics of an ejection hydrometer and to identify the most effective modes of its operation.

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Suárez, Lorena, María Josefina Buonocore Biancheri, Fernando Murúa, Juan Rull, Sergio Ovruski, Claudia de los Ríos, Jorge Escobar und Pablo Schliserman. „An egg-laying device to estimate the induction of sterility in Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) sterile insect technique programmes“. Journal of Applied Entomology 143, Nr. 1-2 (24.09.2018): 144–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jen.12570.

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Beskopylny, Aleksey N., Andrey A. Veremeenko, Elena E. Kadomtseva und Natalia I. Beskopylnaia. „The Impact of the Conical Indenter on a Plate Laying on a Winkler Foundation“. Materials Science Forum 931 (September 2018): 84–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.931.84.

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In the practice of civil engineering, the methods of impact diagnostics of materials find their application, allowing quickly and accurately measure the required strength characteristics at any point in the structure. Impact methods offer many advantages, for example, at smaller dimensions can be developed big the contact force, it can be recorded more information about the response of the material to dynamic impact and others. This approach is widely used in determining the hardness of materials and makes it possible to determine the complex mechanical characteristics: yield strength, ultimate strength, and elongation. In the paper we consider the axisymmetric problem of the impact of the conical indenter on the plate, laying on Winkler Foundation under elastic-plastic deformation. The solution is based on the phenomenological model of elastic-plastic indentation in a quasistatic formulation. The general deformations of the plate are considered elastic, and the local, in the contact zone, are elastoplastic. The main characteristics of the impact are determined: the force of the contact interaction, the local indentation, the contact time. The device and methods of determining the strength characteristics of plates under specified conditions of impact were developed on the basis of obtained solutions. The proposed method has been tested on many building structures: bridges, trusses, structural structures of artificial structures, reinforcement bars, welded joints.

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Rudovsky, P. N. „FORMATION OF PACKAGES WITH PERIODIC CHANGE OF FORCES OF PRESSURE OF THE DRUM TO WINDING SHAFT“. Technologies & Quality, Nr. 4 (2019): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.34216/2587-6147-2019-4-46-20-24.

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For the formation of high-quality packaging of cross winding on machines with a constant speed, release into the composition of the winding mechanism introduce a dispersion device of the bundle winding, providing a change in the speed of the yarn guide according to the law with a long cycle of work. When laying the thread with a slotted drum, as on a spinning self-rolling machine PSK-225 SH there is no way to influence the movement of the yarn guide. In this case, effective dispersion can be achieved by periodically changing the clamping force of the bobbin to the winding shaft. When the effort of pressing the bobbin to the winding shaft changes, the contact radius of the bobbin changes, and hence its rotation frequency, which in turn leads to a change in the angle of elevation of the coil. A mathematical model is obtained that describes the change in the angle of the coil on the package from the effort of pressing the bobbin to the winding shaft. It is shown that such a device can effectively eliminate defects in the structure of the winding in the form of bundles and ribbons.

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Beskopylny, Alexey, Andrey Veremeenko, Elena Kadomtseva und Alexander Shilov. „Dynamic response of a plate laying on elastic base during the impact of a conical indenter“. MATEC Web of Conferences 196 (2018): 01001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819601001.

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The article presents an analytical and numerical study of a dynamic conical indentation during impact process. The circular plate laying on the elastic base is subjected to impact load by the conical indenter. Local deformations in imprint zone are considered as elastic-plastic and general plate deformations are only elastic. According to Timoshenko method, the general plate displacement is considered as the sum of the elastic-plastic displacement of the indenter and the elastic displacement of the plate at the impact point. The solution is constructed with Fourier transforms and the Green function of the dynamic process is obtained. The numerical study of impact indentation is received by FEM method. The dependences of displacements, velocities, and accelerations of the plate on time is obtained during impact. The experimental data obtained with the special device is compared with the results of the numerical analysis. The method of an assessment of the mechanical characteristics of steel is proposed on the basis of the research. Analysis of the dynamic response and non-stationary effects on structural elements is carried out on the base of the calculated impact process.

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G. Tonkacheev und K. Nosach. „Influence of concrete mix properties on technology of arrangement column foundations“. Ways to Improve Construction Efficiency, Nr. 45 (16.10.2020): 102–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2707-501x.2020.45.102-111.

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The article analyzes the selection of concrete mix for the device of the columnar foundation under the column of the frame structure. Depending on the technology of the device - monolithic, prefabricated, prefabricated-monolithic - the main factors influencing the choice are determined.Frame structures have been actively erected since the beginning of the 20th century, with the development of industrial construction. The advantages of frame structures are the unification of structural elements, the possibility of using prefabricated elements, universal planning of the structure, its durability. According to the purpose of the building can be warehouse, factory and retail space. At construction of a frame construction there is a question not only in a choice of technology of the device of these or those elements, but also selection of materials, in particular concrete mix.When installing frame structures often use ready-made structural elements of precast concrete or metal. This reduces the duration of construction, and, accordingly, reduce labor costs and operating time of mechanisms. When using prefabricated elements, the weather influence on the course of construction works is practically leveled. Reinforced concrete and metal structures made in the factory, as a rule, meet the required quality characteristics.As for the technology of laying foundations, in particular columnar, the question often arises about their construction in a rational way. The cost of prefabricated foundation structures is higher than monolithic ones due to factory, loading and unloading and transport costs. However, with this technology the foundations are installed in a short time. The technology of installation of monolithic foundations depends on weather conditions, is characterized by high labor costs and the duration of the process loses to the prefabricated method.In the conditions of water-saturated soils monolithic concreting is complicated, as it is necessary to take measures for drainage [1]. There is also a prefabricated monolithic technology of foundations, which allows the rational use of both technologies. For example, to reduce the time and reduce the complexity, you can arrange a monolithic foundation with a prefabricated glass, or, if there is water in the pit, you can use a prefabricated foundation slab and a monolithic glass with a formwork retainer module [1].The construction of columnar foundations differs in the volume of concrete depending on the load and soil conditions. Sometimes the volume of concrete reaches tens of cubic meters per foundation, so the problem of taking into account the properties of the concrete mixture becomes relevant. First of all, there are questions about the selection of the composition of the concrete mixture and the technology of its delivery to the site. The influence of the properties of the concrete mixture is considered by example.For example, the following properties of the concrete mixture were taken into account: ease of laying, which depends on the complexity of laying the concrete mixture; expediency of use of the special chemical additives improving some properties of concrete mix; the maximum allowable size of the fraction; rigidity of concrete mix; compaction.The results are shown in the table, which clearly shows the difference in the required volume.

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Bafna, Sonit. „On the Idea of the Mandala as a Governing Device in Indian Architectural Tradition“. Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 59, Nr. 1 (01.03.2000): 26–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/991561.

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This paper is an attempt to reconsider our current understanding of the role accorded to the mandala within traditional Indian architecture. It is generally held that the mandala-in particular the Vāstupuruṣamaṇḍala, the mandala associated with vāstu (inhabited or built site)-has played a determining role in the genesis of architectural form in India. Within more popular, and less circumspect, writings, this influence is held to be directly formal; the Vāstupuruṣamaṇḍala is traditionally drawn within a square grid, and any sign of an orthogonal planning or a grid-like layout is taken to be a sign that the form in question was based upon the mandala. In investigating the foundations of such a belief, this paper reviews two bodies of literature. The first is modern art-historical scholarship, an examination of which shows that the idea of a morphogenetic mandala emerged only recently, and that it was not so much culled from the traditional writing as constructed afresh by art historians such as Kramrisch. The other body of literature examined is that of the traditional writings on architecture, many of which are cited as key sources of evidence for this idea. Here it is argued that there is almost no direct evidence for the use of mandalas in laying out complexes or designing buildings, and that such ideas of the use of mandalas rest on several assumptions that must themselves be questioned.

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Jozwiak, Andrzej, Yiwen Liu, Ying Yang und Monte A. Gates. „Development of a Stereotaxic Device for Low Impact Implantation of Neural Constructs or Pieces of Neural Tissues into the Mammalian Brain“. BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/651236.

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Implanting pieces of tissue or scaffolding material into the mammalian central nervous system (CNS) is wrought with difficulties surrounding the size of tools needed to conduct such implants and the ability to maintain the orientation and integrity of the constructs during and after their transplantation. Here, novel technology has been developed that allows for the implantation of neural constructs or intact pieces of neural tissue into the CNS with low trauma. By “laying out” (instead of forcibly expelling) the implantable material from a thin walled glass capillary, this technology has the potential to enhance neural transplantation procedures by reducing trauma to the host brain during implantation and allowing for the implantation of engineered/dissected tissues or constructs in such a way that their orientation and integrity are maintained in the host. Such technology may be useful for treating various CNS disorders which require the reestablishment of point-to-point contacts (e.g., Parkinson’s disease) across the adult CNS, an environment which is not normally permissive to axonal growth.

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