Thematische Bibliographien / Land Revenue System

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Land Revenue System“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 18. Mai 2024

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Land Revenue System"

Kumara, M. A. P. „A Study of the Tax System Associated with the Ancient Irrigation System and the use of the Proceeds for Temple Purposes Revealed by the Source of the Epigraphy“. Vidyodaya Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 07, Nr. 02 (01.07.2022): 165–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.31357/fhss/vjhss.v07i02.12.

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This study is an epigraphy sourced inquiry into the taxation system associated with the ancient irrigation system of Sri Lanka and the use of that revenue for rural needs. Tank land is the most popular type of land that was donated for temples by royalty, nobles as well as common people. Its incomes have been used in an organized manner to fulfill the needs of the residents, to successfully fulfill religious functions, as well as for the restoration processes of the temple. The research problem here was whether the tank lands given for temples and their income were used for temple needs with proper management. The main objective of this study was to conduct a study on the tank lands offered for temples during the Rajarata kingdoms and their revenue management. To identify how Viharaya emerged as a property-owning organization, investigate the contribution and involvement of Bhikshu in the management of the revenue shares of a lake, investigate the legal provisions in the use of the revenue of the tank lands for temple needs, etc. was implemented as sub-objectives of this research. The research method used here is the historical research method. The conclusions of this research were reached by studying the data obtained in a comparative and analytical manner based on the information revealed by epigraphical sources, limiting to the Rajarata civilization stage. The conclusion reached here was that due to the taxes obtained from the tank lands made for the temples and those revenues were used with proper management to meet the needs of the residents, an orderly temple administration system had been built at the same time.

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Zhu, Xinhua, Yigang Wei, Yani Lai, Yan Li, Sujuan Zhong und Chun Dai. „Empirical Analysis of the Driving Factors of China’s ‘Land Finance’ Mechanism Using Soft Budget Constraint Theory and the PLS-SEM Model“. Sustainability 11, Nr. 3 (31.01.2019): 742. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11030742.

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“Land finance” refers to the key fiscal strategy in which local governments in China generate revenue through land grant premiums and land tax revenues. A burgeoning body of literature has focused on the driving factors of China’s land finance from different aspects including fiscal decentralization, revenue decentralization, competition among local governments, land marketization, infrastructure development, and economic development. However, little research has provided a comprehensive perspective integrating social, economic and institutional aspects to investigate the driving forces of these unique and profound issues in China. This study aims to investigate the driving factors and working mechanism of land finance. A theoretical and empirical model was proposed using soft budget constraint theory and least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The panel data of 35 Chinese major cities were assessed between 2006 and 2015. The empirical results contend the following: (1) the land transfer and fiscal systems provide the key impetus for land financing because the land transfer system forms a stable modality, and the fiscal system is an important incentive for land financing; (2) the effects of the economic development and political system are insignificant; and (3) the political and land systems significantly influence economic development. Our contributions focus on two aspects. Firstly, a comprehensive framework of factors germane to land finance is constructed. Secondly, a new research methodology for land use study is proposed. To the best of our knowledge, the current study is the first to employ the PLS-SEM method to delineate and verify the influence paths between multiple driving factors and land finance in different cities. Hence, research reliability can be improved.

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Mangioni, Vince. „Value capture taxation: alternate sources of revenue for Sub-Central government in Australia“. Journal of Financial Management of Property and Construction 24, Nr. 2 (05.08.2019): 200–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfmpc-11-2018-0065.

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Purpose Australia’s Future Tax System (2009) among its recommendations identified the need for realignment of tax revenue across the tiers of government in Australia, as well as the need to raise additional revenue from land-based taxes. In achieving these objectives, this paper aims to examine the revenues generated from land and how capital gains tax may be reconceptualised as a value capture tax resulting from the rapid urbanisation of Australia’s cities. The development of a theoretical framework realigns the emerging rationale of a value capture tax, as a means for revenue to be divested from central government in the form of capital gains, to sub-central government as a value capture tax. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative research methodology comprising grounded theory and phenomenological research is used in undertaking the review of tax revenue collection from state land tax, conveyance stamp duty, local government rating and Commonwealth capital gains tax. Grounded theory is applied for constant comparison of the data with the objectives of maximising similarities and differences in these revenues with an analytical construct as defined by Strauss and Corbin (1990, p. 61). Findings The paper finds that realigning revenue from land-based taxes against the principles of good tax design provides greater opportunity to raise additional revenue to fund public infrastructure while decentralising revenue from central government. It provides an alternate mechanism for revenue transfer from central to sub-central government while conceptually improving own source revenue from value capture taxation as a new revenue source. Research limitations/implications The limitation of this paper is the ability to quantify the potential increase that would be generated in the form of value capture revenue. It is demonstrated in the paper that capital gains tax took over 15 years for revenue generation to crystallise, a factor that would likely occur in the potential introduction of a value capture tax for funding transport infrastructure. Practical implications The pathway to introducing a value capture tax is through re-innovating capital gains tax as a value capture tax directly hypothecated to funding transport infrastructure that results in the uplift in values of the surrounding property from which revenue is raised. Originality/value This paper provides a new approach in contributing to funding the capital outlay of public infrastructure in lieu of central government consolidated revenue allocated through the Commonwealth Grants Commission. It provides a much-needed approach to decentralising revenue from the Commonwealth to sub-central government in Australia which has one of the most centralised tax systems in the OECD.

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Zhang, Xao Ling, und Fang Li. „Online Legal System Popularization of Rural Land System“. Advanced Materials Research 926-930 (Mai 2014): 3854–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.926-930.3854.

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Recently, the self-employed do not respect the land rights of farmers, forcing farmers to transfer land, free of illegal interception land transfer revenue; do not respect the wishes of farmers, forced recruitment of illegal occupation of farmer contracted land, to compensate for low prices, such as a very serious problem. Discussion from the institutional reasons, there are some flaws of the current land law system. From the theoretical construction site briefly describes the contents of the configuration pre-planning the construction site, the site specific design, site hardware and software facilities, administer the site core information website and promotion, website maintenance and other aspects of the latter.

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Sithagu, Avhatakali. „The ‘Invisible’ Property System and Revenue Collection in Former Homelands in the Context of Hybrid Governance and Access to Land And Basic Services“. Transformation: Critical Perspectives on Southern Africa 110, Nr. 1 (2022): 76–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/trn.2022.a905642.

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ABSTRACT: Municipalities in former homelands situated on land under traditional authorities cannot institute an effective revenue collection system because most of the land is outside the formal property system. The fundamental issue is that customary land rights remain ‘invisible’ to the cadastral system, which together with other components of the land administration system, connects individuals to the revenue collection system. Through ethnographic interviews conducted in the Thembisile Hani Local Municipality, a former homeland municipality, this article demonstrates how a state institution, Eskom, navigates this complex terrain. In doing so, the article contributes to a broader debate about the dynamics and shape of the municipal revenue crisis that is often said to be an obstacle to service delivery and the smooth functioning of municipalities. While most scholars focus on how communities work with or against the rigid rules of the formal property system to access basic services, this article takes a different approach. It focuses on how state and non-state institutions attempt to deliver basic services by using informal practices to navigate their formal systems: a practice that is often under-researched.

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Astuti, Rina Mawarti Muji. „Unlocking the Increase of Land and Building Tax Revenue in Bantul Regency“. International Journal of Business, Humanities, Education and Social Sciences (IJBHES) 5, Nr. 1 (30.06.2023): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.46923/ijbhes.v5i1.195.

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National development is an activity that continuously occurs and aims to improve human quality and social welfare; capital is needed to finance this process. One of the sources of capital in the implementation of development in Indonesia is the Rural-Urban Land and Building Tax, among the taxes collected from the community. This research discusses the obstacles to increasing land and building tax revenues. This research was conducted in the Bantul Regency. -Efforts to increase tax revenues include conducting PBB monitoring, innovating the Bantul LaPak application, holding the Bantul Tax Award event, and holding mobile car innovations. Among the programs mentioned above, the mobile car program is a program that plays a significant role in increasing land and building taxes in the Bantul Regency. With this mobile car, the services carried out can be closer to people who live far from the city where they live, called the ball pick-up system. In its development, the mobile car program can increase Land and Building Tax revenue from 2017 to 2019. Land and Building Tax revenue reached a predetermined target, where out of 933 hamlets in Bantul Regency, 777 hamlets have been served increase in revenue, namely in 2017 it increased by 78%, then in 2018 it became 82% or 36.5 billion in 2017, then experienced an increase in 2018 amounting to 39.3 billion, then in 2019 it reached 54.7 billion.

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Bi, Jing, und Yao Zhi Huang. „Redistribution of Land Value-Added Caused by Urban Planning“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 99-100 (September 2011): 535–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.99-100.535.

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The inherent mechanism of the land value increment and the system of the revenue distribution, have become the focus to the academic and government. On basis of the study of present land value increment revenue distribution in China, learns a lesson from the successful experiences of the foreign countries, and presents the way in terms of reforming the revenue distribution of land value increment for China. Perfect taxes tax rate according to the different factors affect appreciation, burden public investment in facilities reasonably, perfect the urban land reserve transfer system, etc. This article Explorers distribution ideas of land resources value-added in general meaning, in order to provide the reference for the city construction.

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Samudra, Azhari Aziz. „Property Tax in Indonesia: A Proposal for Increasing Land and Building Tax Revenue Using the System Dynamics Simulation Method“. Journal of Tax Reform 10, Nr. 1 (2024): 100–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/jtr.2024.10.1.159.

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The current hottest issue in Indonesia is the small amount of Land and Building Tax (LBT) revenue at the national and local levels. This research aims to find a valuable model for increasing LBT revenue for the government by formulating ideal clauses and determining what policies should be implemented. This research aims to reveal the practice of tax avoidance and evasion on LBT tax objects, which causes LBT income to stagnate yearly, and find a solution by mapping actual conditions and forecasting the next ten years using a system dynamics model. The research question is why LBT makes a small contribution to total state revenue, even though the object and what are the solutions to increase LBT income in the future. The research methodology uses quantitative methods supported by qualitative analysis using dynamical system modeling. This modeling makes it possible to predict increases in tax revenues by considering several variables that cause LBT revenues to stagnate. The findings of this study show that LBT revenues will proliferate compared to revenues in the initial year of the simulation if intervention is carried out by reducing tax avoidance and tax evasion, increasing tax compliance, and the value of the income growth ratio per tax object. This study found nine actors essential in increasing property taxes in Indonesia: civil officials, tax officials, tax authorities, notaries, large companies, state and regional-owned enterprises, sellers, and buyers of property. In conclusion, the government needs to improve the tax collection system and implement various strategies, including increasing the role of notaries to prevent tax evasion in housing.

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Xiao, Yao, und Lian Liu. „Royal Land Use and Management in Beijing in the Qing Dynasty“. Land 10, Nr. 10 (15.10.2021): 1093. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10101093.

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Management is an important factor affecting the formation and development of a landscape. This study concludes that royal land use is planned by specifying the land type, while the economic benefits and landscape value are also taken into account. The royal land has landscape value, with the core being the royal garden, the background being farmland, and the connecting line being water. Meanwhile, the royal garden management organization has a high level of authority. Based on the rules of the Imperial Household Department (Neiwufu) of the Qing Dynasty, the present paper extracts the royal land use and management records. This paper discusses the characteristics of royal land management from the spatial distribution and utilization of types of land. It analyzes the specific revenue, expenditure, and fund flow of land in detail and summarizes the land management model. Land management is based mainly on directional revenue and expenditure as well as quota revenue and the expenditure system. The management system is established to support the gardens’ construction.

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Gilani, Aftab Hussain, Ahmad Ali, Samia Khalid und Muhammad Afzal. „Diwan Sawan Mal’s Administrative System in Multan Province 1821-1844“. PERENNIAL JOURNAL OF HISTORY 1, Nr. 2 (31.12.2020): 147–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.52700/pjh.v1i2.10.

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Under the Sikh period, several reforms were introduced in Multan to collect revenue for the Sikh State and Military. They improved land revenue, built many wells and perpetual canals under the governorship of Sawan Mal and his son Mulraj. This study focuses on Land Revenue, irrigation, and agrarian system that was prevailing in Multan during the period of Sawan Mal (1821-44). The reason behind the selection of this era and area is that the revenue system adopted by him has unique significance because he not only provided the right direction for future policies but also gave peace and calm to the native people. At that time, Multan was an important unit of Punjab where policies were formulated at a higher level and translated into action throughout Punjab. It has been tried to break new ground, challenging the viewpoint of previous writers about the local history in the first half of the nineteenth century.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "Land Revenue System"

Ghosh, Samit. „Transformation of the rural society of North Bengal from the parmanent settlement to the operation barga with special reference to Malda and West Dinajpur(1793-1978)“. Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2017. http://ir.nbu.ac.in/handle/123456789/2810.

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Sutradhar, kartik Chandra. „Land Revenue Systems, Land Reforms and Agrarian Relations in Jalpaiguri (Khasmahal to Operation Barga)“. Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1361.

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Scarlato, Michele. „Sicurezza di rete, analisi del traffico e monitoraggio“. Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/3223/.

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Il lavoro è stato suddiviso in tre macro-aree. Una prima riguardante un'analisi teorica di come funzionano le intrusioni, di quali software vengono utilizzati per compierle, e di come proteggersi (usando i dispositivi che in termine generico si possono riconoscere come i firewall). Una seconda macro-area che analizza un'intrusione avvenuta dall'esterno verso dei server sensibili di una rete LAN. Questa analisi viene condotta sui file catturati dalle due interfacce di rete configurate in modalità promiscua su una sonda presente nella LAN. Le interfacce sono due per potersi interfacciare a due segmenti di LAN aventi due maschere di sotto-rete differenti. L'attacco viene analizzato mediante vari software. Si può infatti definire una terza parte del lavoro, la parte dove vengono analizzati i file catturati dalle due interfacce con i software che prima si occupano di analizzare i dati di contenuto completo, come Wireshark, poi dei software che si occupano di analizzare i dati di sessione che sono stati trattati con Argus, e infine i dati di tipo statistico che sono stati trattati con Ntop. Il penultimo capitolo, quello prima delle conclusioni, invece tratta l'installazione di Nagios, e la sua configurazione per il monitoraggio attraverso plugin dello spazio di disco rimanente su una macchina agent remota, e sui servizi MySql e DNS. Ovviamente Nagios può essere configurato per monitorare ogni tipo di servizio offerto sulla rete.

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Чернявська, І. В. „Роль місцевих податків і зборів у формуванні дохідної частини місцевих бюджетів“. Thesis, 2018. http://dspace.oneu.edu.ua/jspui/handle/123456789/7559.

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Кваліфікаційна робота магістра складається з трьох розділів. Об’єкт дослідження – доходи місцевих бюджетів Україні за рахунок місцевих податків і зборів. Надзвичайно актуальною залишається проблема формування доходів місцевих бюджетів в контексті сучасних податкових реформ. Сьогодні податкова система потребує економічно обґрунтованих податків, обсяг надходжень від яких зміг би забезпечити як фіскальну достатність державного бюджету так і сталий розвиток регіонів. Досліджено зміни у системі місцевого оподаткування в контексті проведення податкової реформи в Україні, виявлено недоліків нововведень, пошук можливих напрямів оптимізації податкового законодавства.
Квалификационная работа магистра состоит из трех разделов. Объект исследования – доходы местных бюджетов Украины за счет местных налогов и сборов. Чрезвычайно актуальной остается проблема формирования доходов местных бюджетов в контексте современных налоговых реформ. Сегодня налоговая система нуждается в экономически обоснованных налогов, объем поступлений от которых смог бы обеспечить как фискальную достаточность государственного бюджета так и устойчивое развитие регионов. Исследованы изменения в системе местного налогообложения в контексте налоговой реформы в Украине, выявлено недостатков нововведений, поиск возможных направлений оптимизации налогового законодательства.
The master's qualification work consists of three sections. The object of research is the process of local budget revenues from Ukraine at the expense of local taxes and fees. The role of local taxes and fees in the formation of local budgets in Ukraine. Extremely relevant is the problem of formation of local budgets in the context of contemporary tax reforms. Today the tax system needs economically justified tax revenues from which would be able to ensure the adequacy of fiscal state budget and sustainable development of the regions. The changes in the system of local taxation in the context of tax reform in Ukraine are researched, the deficiencies in innovations and the searching of possible directions of optimization of tax legislation are revealed.

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Bücher zum Thema "Land Revenue System"

Aligarh Muslim University. Centre of Advanced Study in History., Hrsg. Agrarian system in medieval India: Land revenue arrangements in Sarkar Shahabad (Bihar), 1734-1790. Jaipur: Rawat Publications, 2001.

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University of North Bengal. Centre for Himalayan Studies., Hrsg. Land revenue system and its impact on rural life in Nepal. Raja Rammohunpur, Dist. Darjeeling: University of North Bengal, 1991.

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Kashmir agriculture & land revenue system under the Sikh rule, 1819-46 A.D. New Delhi, India: Rima Pub. House, 1986.

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Sharma, Dewan Chand. Kashmir agriculture & land revenue system under the Sikh rule, 1819-46 A.D. New Delhi, India: Rima Pub. House, 1986.

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Chigbu, Uchendu Eugene, Hrsg. Land governance and gender: the tenure-gender nexus in land management and land policy. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789247664.0000.

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Abstract This book delivers new conceptual and empirical studies surrounding the design and evaluation of land governance, focusing on land management approaches, land policy issues, advances in pro-poor land tenure and land-based gender concerns. It explores alternative approaches for land management and land tenure through international experiences. Themes include Islamic tenure, reverse migration, matriarchy/matrilineal systems, structural inequality, tenure-responsive planning, land-related instabilities and COVID-19, urban-rural land concerns, women's tenure bargaining, tenure-gender nexus concerns in developing and developed countries.

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McQuire, Nicholas. Winning the enterprise with wireless LAN: Wi-Fi revenue opportunities in western Europe. [Cambridge, Mass.]: Pyramid Research, 2003.

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Huebner, Anne E. A tax equivalency study on National Forest System lands in the United States. [Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, 1986.

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Canada. Bill: An act for granting to Her Majesty certain sums of money required for defraying certain expenses of the civil government for the year 1856, and for certain other expenses connected with the public service, and also for raising a loan on the credit of the consolidated revenue fund. [Toronto: J. Lovell, 2001.

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Office, General Accounting. Community development: CDFI Fund can improve its systems to measure, monitor, and evaluate awardees' performance : report to Congressional committees. Washington, D.C. (P.O. Box 37050, Washington 20013): The Office, 1998.

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Florida. Office of Program Policy Analysis and Government Accountability. OPPAGA justification review: Law Enforcement Program should pursue outsourcing, track case outcomes, integrate information systems. Tallahassee, Fla: Office of Program Policy Analysis and Government Accountability, 2003.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Land Revenue System"

Rontard, Benjamin, und Humberto Reyes Hernandez. „Emission Trading System and Forest: Learning from the Experience of New Zealand“. In Springer Climate, 169–89. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82759-5_9.

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AbstractIn the area of international policy to mitigate climate change, the forest has been important in achieving the objectives of liable countries. The Emissions Trading System in New Zealand (NZ ETS) is the only case of an ETS integrating forestry as a mandatory actor. This is the result of prolonged political discussions and the characteristics of New Zealand forestry. Forest landowners are liable to surrender allowances for deforestation and can potentially receive allowances for the level of carbon sequestered. This scheme created new opportunities for forestry activities and impacted the decision-making trade-offs related to land-use changes. In Mexico, the implementation of an Emissions Trading System in 2020 is evidence of the country’s commitment to controlling domestic emissions under the Paris Agreement. Nevertheless, for now, the forestry sector is not involved as a liable actor. It is possible to envision the integration of the forest sector because of the extensive forest cover in the country, which provides a livelihood for a large part of the population. Mexico has the experience and institutional framework to integrate forestry into national emission accounting and carbon forest projects in the voluntary market. The potential impacts of this integration are both positive and negative. Environmental impacts are positive because forest areas can help mitigate emissions, but intensive carbon farming disrupts native forests and biodiversity. The economic impacts would be highly favorable for forest landowners if market volatility were controlled, but there is a potential loss of public revenue for the State. Finally, carbon forestry has the potential to cause conflict between economic sectors involved in land use and among participating communities.

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Gualandi, Guido, und D. Williams-Gualandi. „Transformative Change Through Ecological Consumption and Production of Ancient Wheat Varieties in Tuscany, Italy“. In Fostering Transformative Change for Sustainability in the Context of Socio-Ecological Production Landscapes and Seascapes (SEPLS), 95–114. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6761-6_6.

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AbstractIn the 2016 Volume 2 of the Satoyama Initiative Thematic Review (SITR), a summary of the activities of the Grani Antichi Association in Montespertoli, Tuscany, was introduced with a roll out plan for transformative change of the supply chain and possible replication of the project in other regions. The main goal of the project has been to restore and preserve ancient varieties of wheat, cultivate them sustainably and include a form of payment for the least compensated members of the production chain. The aims of the Association are to reduce the carbon footprint of modern agricultural practices and the landslides and soil erosion caused by them, to preserve biodiversity and most importantly, to improve farmers’ revenue, enabling them to safeguard the environment and improve health by cultivating healthy food. The preservation of social ties and local knowledge is an additional result. Markers of the project’s success include benefits that are equally distributed across the production chain, farmers who are motivated to cultivate ancient wheat varieties and the conversion of 500 ha of abandoned or conventionally cultivated land to a more sustainable and biodiverse system. The market economy system in place was dismantled, and farmers now have access to more economic benefits, which must be distributed fairly. Because the project provides a transformative model of production and consumption outside the traditional market economy system, it appears to function with a complete multi-sectoral chain, where producers, food processors and consumers agree on a set price for a defined product. This chapter provides a preliminary analysis of the successes and challenges related to the main project and to upscaling in different areas.

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C. R., Sriram, Prasanna Moorthy A. P., Santhi Krishnan, T. Chellatamilan und M. Anbarasi. „Blockchain-Based Decentralized Documentation System“. In Advances in Logistics, Operations, and Management Science, 431–53. IGI Global, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-7455-6.ch020.

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Property enrolment is a salient process. There are several escape clauses and issues. The existing system endures the fabrication of land documents which results in a loss of revenue to the government. So, developing a decentralized online registration using blockchain (BC) makes it comfortable for citizens to transfer property, prevents the touting of the same property to various buyers, and also helps the government to monitor and keep track of property movement to prevent money laundering on real estate. The process of automation eliminates the need for more humans to employ and also reduces the need for storage building which is required for storing physical documents. In this chapter, interplanetary file system (IPFS) is used for connecting all computing devices or nodes with the same system files and storing large files effectively. The land is successfully transferred between users after the successful completion of payment. Moreover, the proposed hybrid system does not require nodes to solve complex puzzles and thus reduces the use of high computational energy.

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Priya, P. Senthil, und N. Mathiyalagan. „A Study of the Implementation Status of Two E-Governance Projects in Land Revenue Administration in India“. In Stakeholder Adoption of E-Government Services, 214–30. IGI Global, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60960-601-5.ch011.

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This study is an attempt to benchmark two e-governance projects that totally revamped the existing revenue administration system in India. It employs Gartner (2000), Layne and Lee (2001) e-governance maturity models to assess the status of these land administration projects implemented in 15 Indian states. The study traces the current status, pace of implementation, integration of the projects across different levels and different functions of government, its benefits, transparency, accountability, and accessibility of the projects. It also identifies and investigates the gap that exists between the expected outcome and real outcome of the projects. Results shows that in states like Goa, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh, where property registration project has been integrated with computerization of land records project, there exists a monitoring mechanism to facilitate genuine land transactions, and land records are automatically managed up-to-date with least human intervention. But, in all other states there is only sub-optimal utilization or non-utilization of assets, even after a decade of implementation.

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Swettenham, Frank. „The Continued Evolution of the Residential System—Revenue Farms—Education—Land Settlement—Irrigation—Rubber Cultivation—Currency—Păhang“. In British Malaya, 245–71. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429459047-11.

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Berry, Christopher J. „6. Trading and spending“. In Adam Smith: A Very Short Introduction, 79–99. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198784456.003.0006.

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In Book IV of the Wealth of Nations, Smith identifies two faulty alternatives to his own explanation of the wealth of nations: the French Physiocrats, who argued that land is the sole source of wealth and revenue, and the mercantile system that aimed to achieve a favourable balance of trade by encouraging a surplus of exports over imports. ‘Trading and spending’ outlines the core of Smith’s system: free trade underlined by the principle of natural liberty. Smith believed that government in a commercial society has three duties: protection from external foes, maintenance of public works, and an ‘exact administration of justice’. How public expenses can be met through taxation and through borrowing is also explained.

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Simpson, Duncan. „Culmaily, a Model of Improvement: Reform, Resistance and Rationalisation in South‑eastern Sutherland“. In Land Reform in the British and Irish Isles since 1800, 27–47. Edinburgh University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474487689.003.0002.

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Like other Hebridean proprietors, Stewart Mackenzie suffered from the decline in cattle and kelp prices at the end of the Napoleonic Wars and from problems of debt management and population increase. With some input from his wife Mary, he attempted to increase the revenue from the island of Lewis by developing fisheries, whisky distilling and sheep farming. He believed that prosperity could be generated and that small tenants who made way for sheep farms could be given alternatives by being moved into existing settlements and onto previously uncultivated land. The productivity of small tenants was intended to be increased by a programme of ‘lotting and leasing’, a system later known as crofting. Distance from markets and incompetent implementation were important factors in failure to reduce debt levels or to prevent destitution. However, larger farms were divided to create middle sized ones and crofting townships. It is argued that clearances on Lewis at this time were less extensive than has been suggested, that mixed motives, confused decision making and shortage of capital contributed to failures and that, as T.M. Devine has shown elsewhere at this period, the Stewart Mackenzies refused to exploit their economic opportunities to the full.

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Djaja, Benny, und Indri Septiani. „Analysis of Transfer Tax Imposition on Properties Exchange in Indonesia“. In Sustainable Development. IntechOpen, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.112430.

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Income tax reported by the taxpayer to the Tax Service Office after an inspection and there is evidence of non-reporting of tax such as additional cash of four billion rupiah in this case, the Director General of Taxes has the authority to issue a Tax Assessment Letter for unpaid or unreported taxes and plus administrative sanctions in the form of interest of 2% per month on the actual amount of tax owed as provisions of Article 13 of Law Number 6 of 1983 concerning General Provisions and Tax Procedures. And taxpayers after paying and reporting the Land and Building Rights Acquisition Duty Tax there is a tax calculation error because the e-BPHTB system used to report the Land and Building Rights Acquisition Duty tax for the second shophouse unit in this case, a reduction in the Acquisition Value of Non-Taxable Tax Objects is applied which reduction is not in accordance with the provisions of Article 46 paragraph 5 of Law Number 1 of 2022 concerning Financial Relations Between the Government Central to the Regional Government, taxpayers can make their own corrections for the underpayment tax to the Regional Revenue Office.

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„e ‘Other’ British Land Revenue Systems“. In Property, Land, Revenue, and Policy, 420–48. Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315276762-22.

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Brown, Judith M. „The Consolidation of Dominion: Illusion and Reality“. In Modern India, 46–94. Oxford University PressOxford, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198731122.003.0003.

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Abstract Earlier historians whose framework of study was imperial history had little difficulty in seeing distinct phases in Indian history and marking clear dividing points in it. Their Eurocentric vision led them to chop up India’s experience into segments suggested by British politics, institutions, and decisions: for example, the gaining of empire, 1757-1818, or the subsequent ‘Age of Reform’ inaugurated by Lord Bentinck’s Governor-Generalship. But such clear periodization disappears when the observer shifts his focus to actual practice in India rather than proclaimed policy, whether the issue is the creation of a clear administrative system, the settlement of land rights and revenue obligations, or aspects of social reform. Nor does older periodization help if the historian’s main interest lies in the historical experience of India’s people in their own right, in Indian society’s own dynamics and resources, and in interaction between that society and western influences, rather than in attempting to discern any simple impact of imperial rulers and their policies.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Land Revenue System"

Giri, Nimay Chandra, Ramesh Chandra Mohanty, Rabindra Nath Shaw, Surendra Poonia, Mohit Bajaj und Youcef Belkhier. „Agriphotovoltaic System to Improve Land Productivity and Revenue of Farmer“. In 2022 IEEE Global Conference on Computing, Power and Communication Technologies (GlobConPT). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/globconpt57482.2022.9938338.

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Berghe, Nadejda. „The actuality and retrospective of the system of local taxes in the Republic of Moldova“. In International Scientific Conference “30 Years of Economic Reforms in the Republic of Moldova: Economic Progress via Innovation and Competitiveness”. Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53486/9789975155663.47.

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Many of the state reforms lately are aimed at reforming local public finances, especially in terms of own revenues of the budgets of administrative-territorial units consisting of local taxes and fees, provided in each territory, in accordance with the Fiscal Code and transfers directly and in full to the respective budgets. Key words: local taxes, tax base, own revenues, local public authorities, administrative-territorial units, local budgets, source of revenue for LPAs, real estate tax, land tax.

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Razak, A. M. Y., und J. S. Carlyle. „An Advanced Model Based Health Monitoring System to Reduce Gas Turbine Ownership Cost“. In ASME Turbo Expo 2000: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/2000-gt-0627.

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The health of gas turbines is vital for profitability. All gas turbines deteriorate in performance during operation resulting in reduce revenue and increasing costs. The paper discusses the application of gas turbine models to detect damage at engine component level. The method also enables the detection of instrument faults. An example of this method has been applied to an aero derived gas turbine. The impact of performance deterioration on engine life is also discussed. The paper also discusses a method to highlight combustion problems and thereby prevent major failures of the hot end components. The paper concludes by using the fault detection method and creep life analysis to develop a suitable strategy for a predictive based maintenance system.

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Arar, Malath I. „Redesign of N2 Injection System for Gas Turbines in Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle Applications“. In ASME Turbo Expo 2001: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/2001-gt-0075.

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Gas Turbines (GT) applied to integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) power plants utilizing Nitrogen injection to reduce emission and increase power output. This redesign process reduced the customer’s equipment and the operational cost for GT’s with Nitrogen injection. This project focused on reducing nitrogen supply pressure required by the GT. Customer’s cost of electricity (COE) is reduced, translating to additional potential revenue of $3.0MM over the life of the plant. This has been achieved through six sigma methodology of design optimization of the Nitrogen injection manifold, reduced combustion chamber pressure entry loss and optimizing the control system. Statistical analysis combined with various engineering tools was used to optimize, validate and verify the new design. The new design is applicable to all GT frame sizes. It also, can be applied as an upgrade to existing units.

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Razak, A. M. Y., und M. S. Dosanjh. „Application of an Advanced Performance Monitoring System to Detect an Implanted Fault on a Twin Spool Aero Derived Gas Turbine“. In ASME Turbo Expo 2002: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2002-30022.

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The profitability of industries that use gas turbines is very much dependent on the satisfactory performance of their engines. Deterioration in performance of engines, results in loss of power and thermal efficiency which together contributes to higher fuel costs, lower revenue and reduced profitability. The purpose of a performance monitoring system is to identify any faults developing at engine component level and the extent of the deterioration. (e.g. the extent to which compressor fouling has occurred). The ability of such a system to predict the impact on power available is also important. This paper discusses the application of a performance monitoring system in detecting an implanted fault in an actual gas turbine.

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Ravi, Y. B., Achalesh Pandey und Vinay Jammu. „Prediction of Gas Turbine Trip Due to Electro Hydraulic Control Valve System Failures“. In ASME Turbo Expo 2010: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2010-23228.

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Gas turbines are the main power producing components in combined cycle and simple cycle power plants. A gas turbine trip is a rapid uncontrolled shutdown of the turbine that is initiated by the turbine controller to protect it from failures. The turbine loses significant amount of life due to strong thermal transients during a trip and the utility company loses revenue because of lost power generation. Therefore, prediction of trips has significant financial impact. This paper presents a method to predict gas turbine trips due to electro hydraulic control valve system failures. This paper also provides methods to detect gas control valve system failures in their incipient phase and methods to identify various failure signatures for diagnostics. The methodology presented here could be extended beyond the current application to other causes of trips in the gas turbine, thereby impacting availability and reliability of the turbine.

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Zurigat, Yousef H., Belal Dawoud, Jamal N. Al-Bortmany und Sameh T. Al-Shihabi. „Technical and Economical Feasibility of Gas Turbine Inlet Cooling Using Evaporative Fogging System in Two Different Locations in Oman“. In ASME Turbo Expo 2004: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2004-53122.

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In this paper gas turbine power boost via inlet air evaporative fogging system is evaluated for power plants of 40 MW power output in two different locations in Sultanate of Oman. The cooling effect is quantified using evaporative cooling degree hour (ECDH) approach. The power output boost based on the month with the highest number of evaporative cooling degree hours reaches as high as 20% for both locations.. This is significant in view of the increased air conditioning load during summer months. It is found that the average net present value (NPV) of installing fogging system in Marmul is $4,622,018 and in Fahud is $6,182,496. It is also found that the purchase and installation costs are paid back within the first six months of system operation and for later years, annual revenue of over $500,000 is generated.

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Du, Shu-yun, und Ya Gao. „A research on increasing revenue and reducing expenditure of land resources under the perspective of system approach“. In 2011 IEEE 18th International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icieem.2011.6035097.

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Siregar, Farel. „The Role Of Sismiop (Information Management System Of Tax Object) In Land And Building Tax Revenues (A Case Study At The Regional Revenue Agency, Medan)“. In 1st Economics and Business International Conference 2017 (EBIC 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ebic-17.2018.17.

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Igo, John, und Charles E. Andraka. „Solar Dish Field System Model for Spacing Optimization“. In ASME 2007 Energy Sustainability Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2007-36154.

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Dish Stirling power generation systems have been identified by DOE, Sandia National Laboratories, and Stirling Energy Systems (SES) as having the capability of delivering utility-scale renewable energy to the nation’s electrical grid. SES has proposed large plants, 20,000 units or more (0.5 GW rated power) in one place, in order to rapidly ramp up production automation. With the large capital investment needed in such a plant it becomes critical to optimize the system at the field level, as well as at the individual unit level. In this new software model, we provide a tool that predicts the annual and monthly energy performance of a field of dishes, in particular taking into account the impact of dish-to-dish shading on the energy and revenue streams. The Excel-based model goes beyond prior models in that it incorporates the true dish shape (flexible to accommodate many dish designs), multiple-row shading, and a revenue stream model that incorporates time-of-day and time-of-year pricing. This last feature is critical to understanding key shading tradeoffs on a financial basis. The model uses TMY or 15-minute meteorological data for the selected location. It can incorporate local ground slope across the plant, as well as stagger between the rows of dish systems. It also incorporates field-edge effects, which can be significant on smaller plants. It also incorporates factors for measured degraded performance due to shading. This tool provides one aspect of the decision process for fielding many systems, and must be combined with land costs, copper layout and costs, and O&M predictions (driving distance issues) in order to optimize the loss of power due to shading against the added expense of a larger spatial array. Considering only the energy and revenue stream, the model indicates that a rectangular, unstaggered field layout maximizes field performance. We also found that recognizing and accounting for true performance degradation due to shading significantly impacts plant production, compared with prior modeling attempts.

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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Land Revenue System"

Delbridge, Victoria, Astrid Haas, Oliver Harman, Dyson Jangia und Anthony Venables. Enhancing the financial position of cities: Evidence from Mzuzu. UNHabitat, März 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-igc-wp_2022/5.

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The case of Mzuzu illustrates how secondary cities, where revenues are often incredibly low and capacity is minimal, can innovate and lead the way on municipal finance reform. Mzuzu is Malawi’s third largest city. The focus of this case study is a simple and fit-for capacity property valuation system that increased realised revenues seven-fold between 2013 and 2018:1 The Revenue Mobilisation Programme (REMOP). Although the programme was initially seen to be a success, several serious misgivings continue to inhibit further progress. These centre on legal barriers in the current property valuation process in Malawi. More broadly, issues such as revenue pilferage, lack of capacity for financial anagement, land ownership disputes between spheres of government, and national rural bias continue to prevent Mzuzu from achieving a sustainable financial position. For development partners, the example of Mzuzu provides a stark reminder of the vital importance of widespread stakeholder engagement and caution for legal obstacles in order to achieve sustainable project success. It also illustrates the potential of using smaller cities, with more flexibility and somewhat strong incentives for reform, as a useful starting point to trial new revenue enhancement innovations. The Development Fund for Local Authorities (DFLA), a special entity set up for small and low-cost loans to local governments in Malawi, also presents an interesting model for further exploration. By helping local authorities through the process of lending, they are building local government creditworthiness and enabling them to develop systems for future debt finance. Malawi’s cities, being some of the poorest in the world and in a country with relatively low level of urbanisation, are still at the beginning of the development curve. This early stage brings numerous challenges that are yet to be faced as well as an enormous opportunity to learn from the mistakes and successes of other cities in similar contexts. The cities are still at the critical juncture where they can invest in the urban infrastructure essential for livability and productivity before mass settlement takes place.

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Delbridge, Victoria. Enhancing the financial position of cities: Evidence from Hargeisa. UNHabitat, März 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-igc-wp_2022/4.

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The City of Hargeisa, despite being in the very early stages of enhancing its financial position, has achieved significant reform in just a few years since its democratic establishment in 2002. The successes achieved are even more remarkable, considering the fragile context of Somaliland after 30 years of civil war within Somalia, which left widespread destruction and devastation in the city. This is compounded by Somaliland’s lack of recognition as a sovereign state by the international community. The case provides an illustrative example of leveraging urbanisation to raise municipal revenues for public service delivery, and in building local government legitimacy to better deliver to the populace. Given the context, the reforms are those that are easy to implement and effective, including the application of a simple digitised accounting and billing system, and a fit-for-purpose area-based property tax system. Where other cities have struggled to service more people with a stagnant revenue base, Hargeisa’s reforms have meant that population growth has resulted in increased revenues from property taxes and daily vendor collections. At the same time, private contributions of land on the peri-urban fringes offer an opportunity for in-kind land value capture and planned development in the future. Their successes are reinforced by the legitimacy built through participatory governance, which demonstrates what is achievable when communities, local government and the private sector work together. While Hargeisa has made progress on the basics of own-source revenue, much more is yet to be done to finance future development. Local government capital expenditure, for instance, is often far below what is budgeted. This is influenced by public demand for current and visible service delivery over and above less visible long-term investments. Furthermore, due to Somaliland’s internationally unrecognised status as an independent country, Hargeisa received limited development assistance when compared to other cities in similar contexts. However, a small coordinated effort through a coalition of UN agencies has fundamentally shaped some of the city’s reforms. As the country begins to formalise its financial sector, opening up to commercial banking and international investment, development support will be needed to ensure local governments and the private sector are able to capitalise on the opportunities this presents.

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Osidoma, Japhet, und Ashiru Mohammed Kinkwa. Creatively Improving Agricultural Practices and Productivity: Pro Resilience Action (PROACT) project, Nigeria. Oxfam, Februar 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2021.7260.

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Since April 2016, The European Union and the Oxfam Pro-Resilience Action Project in Kebbi and Adamawa States, Nigeria, have supported poor smallholder rural farmers to improve their agricultural productivity. The project has a specific focus on increasing crop yields per hectare for better land usage, as well as ensuring farmers possess the skills they need to maintain good agricultural practices, such as inputs utilization and climate mitigation strategies, as well as an information-sharing system on weather and market prices. The project uses a Farmer Field School model that continues to serve as a viable platform for rural farmers to access hands-on skills and basic modern farming knowledge and techniques. The case studies presented here demonstrate a significant increase in farmers’ productivity, income and resilience. This approach should be emulated by governments and private sector players to achieve impact at scale in Nigeria’s agricultural sector, which is the country’s top non-oil revenue stream.

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Desai, Jairaj, Jijo K. Mathew, Woosung Kim, Mingmin Liu, Howell Li, Jeffrey D. Brooks und Darcy M. Bullock. Dashboards for Real-time Monitoring of Winter Operations Activities and After-action Assessment. Purdue University, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317252.

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The Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) operates a fleet of nearly 1100 snowplows and spends up to $60M annually on snow removal and de-icing as part of their winter operation maintenance activities. Systematically allocating resources and optimizing material application rates can potentially save revenue that can be reallocated for other roadway maintenance operations. Modern snowplows are beginning to be equipped with a variety of Mobile Road Weather Information Sensors (MARWIS) which can provide a host of analytical data characterizing on-the-ground conditions during periods of wintry precipitation. Traffic speeds fused with road conditions and precipitation data from weather stations provide a uniquely detailed look at the progression of a winter event and the performance of the fleet. This research uses a combination of traffic speeds, MARWIS and North American Land Data Assimilation System (NLDAS) data to develop real-time dashboards characterizing the impact of precipitation and pavement surface temperature on mobility. Twenty heavy snow events were identified for the state of Indiana from November 2018 through April 2019. Two particular instances, that impacted 182 miles and 231 miles of interstate at their peaks occurred in January and March, respectively, and were used as a case study for this paper. The dashboards proposed in this paper may prove to be particularly useful for agencies in tracking fleet activity through a winter storm, helping in resource allocation and scheduling and forecasting resource needs.

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Bedford, Philip, Alexis Long, Thomas Long, Erin Milliken, Lauren Thomas und Alexis Yelvington. Legal Mechanisms for Mitigating Flood Impacts in Texas Coastal Communities. Herausgegeben von Gabriel Eckstein. Texas A&M University School of Law Program in Natural Resources Systems, Mai 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.37419/eenrs.mitigatingfloodimpactstx.

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Flooding is a major source of concern for Texas’ coastal communities. It affects the quality of infrastructure, the lives of citizens, and the ecological systems upon which coastal communities in Texas rely. To plan for and mitigate the impacts of flooding, Texas coastal communities may implement land use tools such as zoning, drainage utility systems, eminent domain, exactions, and easements. Additionally, these communities can benefit from understanding how flooding affects water quality and the tools available to restore water bodies to healthy water quality levels. Finally, implementing additional programs for education and ecotourism will help citizens develop knowledge of the impacts of flooding and ways to plan and mitigate for coastal flooding. Land use tools can help communities plan for and mitigate flooding. Section III addresses zoning, a land use tool that most municipalities already utilize to organize development. Zoning can help mitigate flooding, drainage, and water quality issues, which, Texas coastal communities continually battle. Section IV discusses municipal drainage utility systems, which are a mechanism available to municipalities to generate dedicated funds that can help offset costs associated with providing stormwater management. Section V addresses land use and revenue-building tools such as easements, eminent domain, and exactions, which are vital for maintaining existing and new developments in Texas coastal communities. Additionally, Section VI addresses conservation easements, which are a flexible tool that can enhance community resilience through increasing purchase power, establishing protected legal rights, and minimizing hazardous flood impacts. Maintaining good water quality is important for sustaining the diverse ecosystems located within and around Texas coastal communities. Water quality is regulated at the federal level through the Clean Water Act. As discussed in Section VII, the state of Texas is authorized to implement and enforce these regulations by implementing point source and nonpoint source pollutants programs, issuing permits, implementing stormwater discharge programs, collecting water quality data, and setting water quality standards. The state of Texas also assists local communities with implementing restorative programs, such as Watershed Protection Programs, to help local stakeholders restore impaired water bodies. Section VIII addresses ecotourism and how these distinct economic initiatives can help highlight the importance of ecosystem services to local communities. Section VIX discusses the role of education in improving awareness within the community and among visitors, and how making conscious decisions can allow coastal communities to protect their ecosystem and protect against flooding.

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