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Thematische Bibliographien / Kinetic of transformation

Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Kinetic of transformation“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 22. Juni 2024

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Kinetic of transformation":

1

Perrillat, J. P. „Kinetics of high-pressure mineral phase transformations using in situ time-resolved X-ray diffraction in the Paris-Edinburgh cell: a practical guide for data acquisition and treatment“. Mineralogical Magazine 72, Nr. 2 (April 2008): 683–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2008.072.2.683.

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AbstractSynchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD) is a powerful technique to study in situ and in real-time the structural and kinetic processes of pressure-induced phase transformations. This paper presents the experimental set-up developed at beamline ID27 of the ESRF to perform time-resolved angle dispersive XRD in the Paris-Edinburgh cell. It provides a practical guide for the acquisition of isobaric-isothermal kinetic data and the construction of transformation-time plots. The interpretation of experimental data in terms of reaction mechanisms and transformation rates is supported by an overview of the kinetic theory of solid-solid transformations, with each step of data processing illustrated by experimental results of relevance to the geosciences. Reaction kinetics may be affected by several factors such as the sample microstructure, impurities or differential stress. Further high-pressure kinetic studies should investigate the influence of such processes, in order to acquire kinetic information more akin to natural or technological processes.

2

Tone, Taiga, und Nobuyoshi Koga. „Interplay between Thermally Induced Aragonite–Calcite Transformation and Multistep Dehydration in a Seawater Spiral Shell (Euplica scripta)“. Processes 11, Nr. 6 (29.05.2023): 1650. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr11061650.

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While heating a seawater spiral shell (Euplica scripta), thermally induced aragonite–calcite (A–C) transformation occurred within the temperature region of multistep thermal dehydration. Here, the kinetic interplay between the A–C transformation and thermal dehydration was studied as a possible cause of the reduction in the A–C transformation temperatures. The kinetics of the A–C transformation was systematically investigated under isothermal conditions by powder X-ray diffractometry and under linear nonisothermal conditions by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The thermal dehydration was characterized as a partially overlapping, three-step process by thermogravimetry–differential thermal analysis coupled with mass spectroscopy for the evolved gases. The A–C transformation occurred in the temperature range of the final part of the second dehydration step and the initial part of the third dehydration step. The kinetics of A–C transformation and thermal dehydration were characterized by contracting geometry-type models, in which the respective transformations were regulated by a constant linear advancement rate and diffusional removal of water vapor, respectively. Based on the kinetic results, the mutual interaction of those thermally induced processes is discussed as a possible cause of the reduction in the A–C transformation temperature.

3

Atabekyan, L. S., A. K. Chibisov, T. A. Svyatoslavskaya, N. L. Svyatoslavskii und V. P. Markelov. „Single- and Double-Pulse Laser Kinetic Spectroscopy of Indoline Spiropyran“. Химия высоких энергий 57, Nr. 5 (01.09.2023): 349–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0023119323050017.

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Phototransformations of 6-nitro-8-methoxy-substituted indoline spiropyran in acetonitrile have been studied by laser kinetic spectroscopy (laser photolysis) with single- and double-pulse excitation. The role of the triplet state in the kinetics of photocoloration of spiropyran has been revealed. It has been shown that photochromic transformations of spiropyran involve unstable trans-isomers (conformers) of the open merocyanine form of spiropyran. Data on the transformation kinetics of the trans-isomers are presented.

4

Chai, Zhuo. „Catalytic Asymmetric Transformations of Racemic Aziridines“. Synthesis 52, Nr. 12 (16.03.2020): 1738–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1690857.

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The catalytic asymmetric ring-opening transformations of aziridines represent an important strategy for the construction of various chiral nitrogen-containing molecular architectures. This short review covers the progress achieved in the catalytic asymmetric transformation of racemic aziridines, focusing on the catalytic strategies employed for each different type of such aziridines.1 Introduction2 Reaction of Racemic 2-Vinylaziridines3 Reaction of Racemic 2-Alkylaziridines3.1 Regiodivergent Parallel Kinetic Resolution3.2 Kinetic Resolution4 Reaction of Racemic 2-(Hetero)arylaziridines4.1 Kinetic Resolution4.2 Enantioconvergent Transformation5 Reaction of Racemic Donor–Acceptor-Type Aziridines6 Conclusion and Outlook

5

Carmona, José A., Carlos Rodríguez-Franco, Rosario Fernández, Valentín Hornillos und José M. Lassaletta. „Atroposelective transformation of axially chiral (hetero)biaryls. From desymmetrization to modern resolution strategies“. Chemical Society Reviews 50, Nr. 5 (2021): 2968–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0cs00870b.

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Atroposelective transformations of (hetero)biaryls are classified into desymmetrization, kinetic resolution, dynamic kinetic resolution, and dynamic kinetic asymmetric transformation depending on the nature and behavior of the starting material.

6

Yousfi, Oussama, Yves J. M. Bréchet, Patricia Donnadieu, Florence Robaut, Federic Charlot, Andreas Kasper und Francis Serruys. „Phase Transformations in the NiS Nickel Sulphide: Microstructure, Mechanisms and Modelling through In Situ Microscopy.“ Solid State Phenomena 172-174 (Juni 2011): 402–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.172-174.402.

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Nickel sulphide (NiS) can form inclusions in tempered glass which lead to fracture due to a phase transformation with a volume change of about 4%. A heat treatment, aiming to provoke this phase transformation, is currently used in industry to reduce this effect. In order to propose more efficient treatments, a complete study going from identification of the transformation mechanisms to the modelling of the transformation was carried out. Depending on stoichiometry and temperature, two mechanisms for the transformation (partitioned or partitionless) have been evidenced by detailed microstructural and calorimetric studies leading to a fruitful parallel with the Fe-C phase transformations which provides the basis for further modelling of the kinetics. Anin situfollow up of the transformation by optical microscopy has given information (like nucleation rate and interface migration velocity) necessary to build the kinetic models. This modelling is based on Zener and Zener-Hillert kinetics models for interface velocity and described the transformation under isothermal treatment and anisothermal conditions.

7

Wang, Jun, Chen Wei, Haoxue Yang, Tong Guo, Tingting Xu und Jinshan Li. „Phase Transformation Kinetics of a FCC Al0.25CoCrFeNi High-Entropy Alloy during Isochronal Heating“. Metals 8, Nr. 12 (03.12.2018): 1015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met8121015.

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The phase transformation kinetics of a face-centered-cubic (FCC) Al0.25CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy during isochronal heating is investigated by thermal dilation experiment. The phase transformed volume fraction is determined from the thermal expansion curve, and results show that the phase transition is controlled by diffusion controlled nucleation-growth mechanism. The kinetic parameters, activation energy and kinetic exponent are determined based on Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose (KAS) and Johnson–Mehl–Avrami (JMA) method, respectively. The activation energy and kinetic exponent determined are almost constant, indicating a stable and slow speed of phase transition in the FCC Al0.25CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy. During the main transformation process, the kinetic exponent shows that the phase transition is diffusion controlled process without nucleation during the transformation.

8

Wang, Jun, Haoxue Yang, Tong Guo, Jiaxiang Wang, William Yi Wang und Jinshan Li. „Effect of Cold Rolling on the Phase Transformation Kinetics of an Al0.5CoCrFeNi High-Entropy Alloy“. Entropy 20, Nr. 12 (30.11.2018): 917. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e20120917.

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The solid state phase transformation kinetics of as-cast and cold rolling deformed Al0.5CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloys have been investigated by the thermal expansion method. The phase transformed volume fractions are determined from the thermal expansion curve using the lever rule method, and the deformed sample exhibits a much higher transformation rate. Two kinetic parameters, activation energy (E) and kinetic exponent (n) are determined using Kissinger– Akahira–Sunose (KAS) and Johnson–Mehl–Avrami (JMA) method, respectively. Results show that a pre-deformed sample shows a much lower activation energy and higher kinetic exponent compared with the as-cast sample, which are interpreted based on the deformation induced defects that can promote the nucleation and growth process during phase transformation.

9

Kohout, Jan. „Simple and Precise Description of the Transformation Kinetics and Final Structure of Dual Phase Steels“. Materials 14, Nr. 7 (04.04.2021): 1781. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14071781.

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The kinetics of diffusion-dependent phase transformations (including austenitisation of ferrite in dual steels or ferritic nodular cast irons) is very often described by the Johnson–Mehl–Avrami–Kolmogorov (JMAK) equation. This description is not complete when the conversion is only partial due to insufficient overheating, as the equilibrium fraction of ferrite transformed into austenite cannot be determined directly from the JMAK equation. Experimental kinetic curves of partial austenitisation at various temperatures can be fitted using the JMAK equation, but the equilibrium fraction of the newly formed phase for each temperature has to be calculated as a regression parameter. In addition, the temperature dependence of the kinetic exponent in the JMAK equation is quite complicated and cannot be expressed by a simple general function. On the contrary, the equation of autoinhibition used for the description of austenitisation kinetics in present work directly gives the equilibrium fraction at partial conversion. It describes transformation kinetics at various temperatures independently of whether the conversion is complete or partial. Rate constants of the equation of autoinhibition depend on temperature according to the Arrhenius equation. In addition, the equation of autoinhibition has no weakness as the JMAK equation has, which consists in questionable temperature dependence of kinetic exponent.

10

Yang, Jian, Xiang Xin Xue, Li Mei Pan, Mei Wang und Tai Qiu. „Phase-Transformation Kinetics of TiO₂ in TiO₂/(O′+β′)-Sialon Multi-Phase Ceramics“. Key Engineering Materials 336-338 (April 2007): 2318–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.336-338.2318.

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TiO2/(O′+β′)-Sialon multiphase ceramics with different phase composition of TiO2 were prepared by pressureless sintering under high-purity N2 atmosphere with (O′+β′)-Sialon powder and nano TiO2 (anatase) powder as raw materials, Yb2O3 or Tb2O3 as additive. For each sample, the weight percentage of anatase in TiO2 was calculated from XRD data and the kinetics of anatase-rutile transformation was investigated, wherein the emphasis was placed on the influence of Yb2O3 and Tb2O3. The results indicate that the added Tb2O3 and Yb2O3 serve the significant function of inhibition and promotion on the phase transformation, and the effects are enhanced and attenuated with increasing additive content, respectively. For the sample without additive, the transformation process follows apparent first-order kinetic model. The addition of Yb2O3 or Tb2O3 results in completely different transformation kinetic law. For the samples with Yb2O3 added, the transformation is an apparent second-order reaction, whereas a unique kinetic model, CA=kt1/2+C, is valid for the samples containing Tb2O3. In the two cases, the effect of the additive content on the transformation can be perfectly reflected by the apparent rate constant.

Mehr Quellen

Dissertationen zum Thema "Kinetic of transformation":

1

Massam, Alexandra. „A kinetic model for the transformation of phenol by peroxidase“. Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0008/MQ50641.pdf.

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2

Brandt, Catharine Jane. „Transformation of the kinetic energy of rainfall with variable tree canopies“. Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 1986. http://repository.royalholloway.ac.uk/items/b6beecb7-fb73-4d83-b905-206fccf515d7/1/.

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This thesis defines a physically based model describing the kinetic energy of throughfall from any vegetation canopy. Empirical measurements of the drop-size distribution of rainfall and sub-canopy throughfall were used to develop the model which was tested in the context of splash erosion. Comparisons are made for individual storms between rain falling in the open and through a canopy. Three canopies were used, one oak and two tropical rain forest differing in height. Through each storm raindrop sizes were frequently measured using the paper-staining technique. Kinetic energy/mm/m2 was calculated from the drop sizes, their velocities and amount of rain or throughfall. The velocities were assumed to depend on the height of fall. In the rain forest sites splash cups surrounded by uniform areas of sand were used to measure the material splashed. The oak canopy data was used to examine the validity of a working hypothesis relating qualitatively the size of throughfall drops to the saturation of the canopy. It was confirmed that the canopy changed the drop-size distribution of the rain and consequently changed the kinetic energy/mm/m2. The sequences of drop-size distribution change proposed by the hypothesis were related to the cumulated canopy storage. The tropical rain forest results confirmed these findings and extended them. Although rainfall kinetic energy/mm/m2 may be predicted from rainfall intensity, throughfall kinetic energy/mm/m2 was independent of intensity and the frequency distribution of the energy of throughfall samples was bimodal, with a high energy group which was commonly higher than that of the rainfall. The probability of a thoroughfall sample being in either energy group depended on the cumulated canopy storage or the percentage storm duration elapsed. The relative magnitude of rainfall and throughfall total kinetic energy depended on the saturation of the canopy and on the canopy height and for some storms the throughfall energy was higher than the rainfall. Soil splash increased with increasing kinetic energy. The model predicting throughfall energy requires inputs of canopy height, rainfall intensity and the frequency distribution of energy of discrete samples of throughfall. The model is most sensitive to canopy height.

3

Watkins, Claire. „The Transformation of Electricity in my Brain“. VCU Scholars Compass, 2004. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1062.

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This thesis is an exciting and enthralling story about the history of the world as seen through the eyes of Claire Watkins. The story takes place in the dusty corners of her art studio in the old confederate capital, Richmond, Virginia. Ms. Watkins leads her audience through such unsuspecting places as her brain, the life of an African Dung Beetle, the center of an atom and the dark reaches of outer space. The story is inspirational and thought provoking. It will force you to see the world as an interconnected web that weaves your life together with the cosmos. A must read for the summer!"Truly exceptionala wonderful Thesishighly recommended!" - Ruby Westcoat"I never thought of the world quite like thatnow I see everything in a new and electrifying way." - Timothy Devoe"Once again she proves to be my favorite contemporary artist and author" - Virgil Hale Rhames

4

Träff, Annika. „Asymmetric transformation of ß- and γ-functionalized alcohols : Study of combined ruthenium-catalyzed racemization and enzymatic resolution“. Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för organisk kemi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-56947.

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The major part of this thesis describes the asymmetric synthesis of β- and γ-amino alcohols through the combination of ruthenium catalyzed racemization and enzymatic kinetic resolution. The dynamic kinetic resolution, DKR, protocol for chlorohydrins was improved by employing Bäckvall’s catalyst, which is a base activated racemization catalyst, in combination with Burkholderia cepacia lipase. These optimized conditions broadened the substrate scope and improved the yields and ee’s of the obtained chlorohydrin acetates. The utility of the method was demonstrated in the synthesis of (S)-salbutamol. In the second part of the thesis, DKR was utilized in the enantio-determining step of the total synthesis of (R)-duloxetine. Optimized DKR conditions, combining Bäckvall’s catalyst together with Candida antarctica lipase B, afforded a β-cyano acetate in high yield and ee. (R)-Duloxetine was accessible through synthetic alterations of the enantioenriched β-cyano acetate in high overall yield. A dynamic kinetic asymmetric transformation, DYKAT, protocol to obtain enantio- and diastereomerically pure γ-amino alcohols was developed. In a first step N-Boc-aminoketones were obtained in high enantiomeric purity through a proline-catalyzed Mannich reaction. Subsequent in situ reduction coupled with a highly efficient DYKAT yielded γ-amino acetates in high dr and ee. The γ-amino alcohols were available through simple hydrolysis/deprotection with retained stereochemistry. In the final part of the thesis a heterogeneous bifunctional catalytic system is reported, which combines the catalytic properties of transition metal-catalyzed racemization with enzymatic acylation. A novel ruthenium-phosphonate complex was synthesized and then covalently anchored to the active site of solid supported Candida antarctica lipase B. The partially inhibited beads proved to be catalytically active both in racemization as well as enzymatic acylation.
At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 2: In press. Paper 3: Epub ahead of print.

5

Crouïgneau, Guillaume. „Films de type Ni-Co-Mn-In : élaboration et étude de la transformation magnétostructurale“. Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAY048/document.

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Les alliages Heusler de type Ni-Mn-X (X=In, Ga, Sn et Sb) possèdent d'intéressantes propriétés mécaniques, magnétiques et thermiques qui découlent de la transition structurale martensite-austénite. Le couplage de ces propriétés entraîne de potentielles applications dans le domaine des actionneurs, des capteurs ou des refroidisseurs. La fabrication de ces matériaux en films, d'un grand intérêt pour les microsystèmes, reste difficile à maitriser et fait l'objet de ce travail de thèse. Une partie du travail effectué durant cette thèse porte donc sur l'élaboration d'un film de type Ni-Co-Mn-In en utilisant un procédé de co-pulvérisation. L'objectif de la thèse a porté sur l'obtention d'un film présentant une transition structurale et magnétique à température ambiante. Après une étude de la structure et de la microstructure des phases martensite et austénite, les propriétés magnétiques ont été investiguées. Le changement d'état magnétique obtenu pour certains films lors de la transition du premier ordre a entrainé des propriétés magnétocaloriques et d'actionnement intéressantes. Les meilleurs résultats sont obtenus pour un film de composition Ni45,2Co4,7Mn36,2In13,9. La réalisation de mesures de résistivité sous champ magnétique intense constitue un sujet novateur sur des films de ce type. Grâce à ces mesures, une étude de l'irréversibilité et du blocage de la transformation structurale induit par le champ magnétique (kinetic arrest) a été réalisée. La compréhension des phénomènes intervenant dans l'hystérésis thermique et le blocage sous champ magnétique est en effet importante pour les applications basées sur ces matériaux à fort couplage mécanique, magnétique et thermique
Ni-Mn-X (X=In, Ga, Sn and Sb) Heusler type alloys present interesting mechanical, magnetical and thermal properties owing to the martensite-austenite structural transition. Combining these properties induce many potentials applications in the field of actuators, sensors and coolers. Processing these materials into films is of great interest for micro-devices but remains a challenge. It shall be the purpose of this thesis. Part of this thesis shall be dedicated to the development of a Ni-Co-Mn-In Heusler film using a co-sputtering process. The main achievement of the thesis is to have obtained a film exhibiting a structural and magnetic transformation at room temperature. After a study of the structure and microstructure of martensite and austenite phases, magnetic properties are investigated. The evolution of the magnetic state during the first order transformation observed in some films leads to interesting magnetocaloric and activating properties. Optimal results, both in terms of working temperature and functional properties, are obtained for a film with a composition of Ni45,2Co4,7Mn36,2In13,9. Resistivity measurements under high magnetic field are novel on such films. These new measurements have made it possible to study the irreversibility and phase transformation blocking induced by a magnetic field (kinetic arrest). Understanding the physical effect underlying the thermal irreversibility and the blocking by a magnetic field is indeed important for applications based on such materials with strongly coupled mechanical, magnetical and thermal properties

6

Venturato, Giulia. „Modelling the Influence of Phase Transformation Kinetics in 22MnB5 Hot Stamping“. Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3424888.

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Sheet metal forming has gained, over the last years, more and more importance since the automotive industry is demanding very specific characteristic for the new generation of components of the car body-in-white. The requirements of more lightness for enhancing the fuel saving is becoming a key factor for the design of new components, but the lightness must be coupled with a high mechanical resistance to grant the passengers’ safety. One of the most effective ways to meet these requirements has been the use of new generations of High Strength Steels (HSS), whose mechanical properties can be enhanced by thermal treatments. Direct hot stamping has represented an effective solution to do that, due to the possibility to shorten the process chain of many sheet metal parts typical of the car body-in-white. Thinner sheets have been used for the manufacturing of many automotive parts, granting the desired lightness and high resistance, to obtain the crashworthiness necessary to protect the passengers of the vehicle. Hot stamping is, nowadays, widely applied in the automotive industry, but the research in this field is still of high interest between the academic environment. This is because the process involves a large series of parameters that have to be accurately understood to enhance the performances and the complexity of the stamped parts. Since the initial heating to the last quenching step, the material undergoes a series of microstructural and mechanical transformations, whose optimization and right timing govern the final characteristic of the final component. In parallel to the industrial development work, a large branch of academic and scientific research is focused on the numerical modelling of the process which reveals of fundamental importance for the process design and optimization. The present work stands in the framework of the researches in the field of the hot stamping process. The material investigated in this work is the AluSi® pre-coated quenchable steel 22MnB5, well known with the commercial name of Usibor 1500P®. The complete characterization of this material aims to fill the lack in literature about testing in hot condition the material flow stress of all the microstructural phases, proposing a fitting model capable to describe the mechanical behaviour in the FE models. The formability in hot conditions is studied as well, analysing the effect of the temperature and microstructure on the resultant Forming Limit Curve (FLC). The phase transformation kinetics was studied, confirming the literature and giving the motivation for this work. Finally, the damage criterion Generalized Incremental Stress-State dependent damage MOdel (GISSMO) was calibrated. The whole experimental activity was coupled with numerical simulations, for the necessary data analysis and calibration. The work presented in this thesis has been carried out at the DII laboratories of the University of Padova, from October 2016 to September 2019 under the supervision of Prof. Andrea Ghiotti. This work was carried out within the framework of the University Research Project “Advanced CAE method to predict failure and material properties in hot forming” ref. 2014-4050 URP Award developed in cooperation with Ford Motor Company GMBH.
La deformazione di lamiere sta guadagnando, negli ultimi anni, sempre più importanza dal momento che l’industria automobilistica sta richiedendo caratteristiche molto specifiche per la nuova generazione di componenti per la scocca. Le richieste di leggerezza per aumentare il risparmio di carburante sta diventando un fattore chiave per il design di nuovi componenti, ma la leggerezza deve necessariamente essere accoppiata con l’alta resistenza meccanica per garantire la sicurezza dei passeggeri. Uno dei metodi più efficaci per incontrare tali richieste è stato l’utilizzo della nuova generazione di acciai alto resistenziali (HSS), le cui proprietà meccaniche possono essere migliorate grazie ai trattamenti termici. Lo stampaggio a caldo diretto rappresenta una soluzione efficace per questo scopo, grazie alla possibilità di accorciare la catena di processo di molti componenti metallici della scocca dell’auto. Lamiere più sottili vengono impiegate per la produzione di molte parti dell’auto, garantendo le desiderate leggerezza e alta resistenza, per ottenere la resistenza agli urti necessaria a proteggere i passeggeri del veicolo. Lo stampaggio a caldo è, oggigiorno, ampiamente applicato nell’industria automobilistica, ma la ricerca in questo campo è ancora di alto interesse nell’ambiente accademico. Questo è dovuto al fatto che lo stampaggio a caldo coinvolge un’ampia serie di parametri che devono essere accuratamente compresi per migliorare il potenziale del processo e la complessità delle parti stampate. A partire dal primo stage di riscaldamento all’ultima fase di tempra, il materiale subisce una serie di trasformazioni microstrutturali e meccaniche, la cui ottimizzazione e il loro corretto timing controlla le caratteristiche finali del componente. Parallelamente al lavoro di ricerca sperimentale, una grande branca della ricerca è volta allo studio delle simulazioni numeriche che sono di fondamentale importanza per simulare il processo e ottimizzarne ogni step. Il presente lavoro si inquadra nella ricerca nell’ambito dello stampaggio a caldo. Il materiale studiato in questo lavoro è l’acciaio temprabile 22MnB5 rivestito da AluSi®, conosciuto commercialmente con il nome di Usibor 1500 P®. La completa caratterizzazione del materiale ha come scopo di coprire le mancanze nella letteratura nell’ambito dei test ad alta temperatura sulla reologia di tutte le microstrutture, proponendo un modello di fitting per rappresentare i dati nei modelli FE. La formabilità ad alta temperatura è altresì soggetto di studio, analizzando gli effetti della temperatura e della microstruttura nella risultante curva limite di formabilità (FLC). La cinetica di trasformazione di fase è stata oggetto di studio, confermando i dati presentati in letteratura e fornendo le basi per questo lavoro. Infine, il nuovo modello di danneggiamento Generalized Incremental Stress-State dependent damage MOdel (GISSMO) è stato calibrato. L’intera attività sperimentale è stata affiancata alle simulazioni numeriche, per la necessità dell’analisi e calibrazione dei dati. Il lavoro presentato in questa tesi è stato portato avanti nei laboratori del Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale, DII, dell’università di Padova, da ottobre 2016 a settembre 2019 sotto la supervisione del prof. Andrea Ghiotti. Questo lavoro è parte del progetto di ricerca dell’Università chiamato “Advanced CAE method to predict failure and material properties in hot forming” ref. 2014-4050 URP Award, sviluppato in collaborazione con Ford Motor Company GMBH.

7

Moscu, Corcodel Alina. „Structural transformation under reaction conditions of supported PtSn nanoparticles characterized by in situ DRIFTS and kinetic modeling“. Thesis, Lyon 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO10177.

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La réaction d’oxydation sélective du CO par O2 en présence d’un excès d’hydrogène (PROX) est considérée comme une étape de purification essentielle de l’H2 à utiliser dans des piles à combustible. L’objectif de cette thèse est de mieux comprendre le mécanisme de cette réaction sur des catalyseurs bimétallique s à base de Pt et Sn. Des catalyseurs modèles Pt et Pt-Sn ont été synthétisés en deux étapes : (i) formation de nanoparticules (NP) métalliques colloïdales en suspension suivi par ( ii) l’imprégnation de ces particules sur des supports. L’adsorption du CO suivit par spectroscopie FT-IR en réflexion diffuse (DRIFTS) a été utilisée pour caractériser ces solides après une réduction permettant de reformer des phases d’alliage PtSn. L’analyse DRIFTS permet de caractériser la nature des sites de Pt présents, soit dans l’alliage, soit dans des phases pures de Pt. La chaleur d’adsorption du CO sur la phase d’alliage a été mesurée par DRIFTS, pour la première fois, et apparait bien plus faible que celle sur le Pt seul. De manière surprenante, la ségrégation de l’alliage en présence de CO/H 2 à des températures inférieur es à 175°C a été mise en évidence. Des mesures in situ DRIFTS de la réaction d’oxydation préférentielle du CO (PROX) indiquent que l’alliage se transforme rapidement en Pt et SnOx de par la présence de l’O2. Aucune indication de la présence d’alliage n’a jamais pu être obtenue sous PROX, indiquant que les meilleures propriétés catalytiques associés aux phases Pt-Sn sont dues à leur habilité à générer une nouvelle phase active Pt+SnOx lors de leur ségrégation. Un modèle microcinétique du PROX sur Pt+SnOx a été développé sur la base de ceux pertinents à l’oxydation du CO et PROX sur Pt seul, permettant une modélisation satisfaisante des données. Ce travail montre l’intérêt du couplage des méthodes spectroscopiques et cinétiques pour la compréhension de la structure des catalyseurs « au travail » et des mécanismes de réactions complexes
The selective oxidation of CO in the presence of a large excess of H2 (PROX) is considered as a crucial step in the purification of H 2 to be used in low-temperature fuel cells, which are clean sources of energy. The objective of this thesis was to better understand the reaction mechanisms taking place over promising catalysts based on Pt and Sn. Model Pt-Sn catalysts were prepared by a two-step method: (i) synthesis of metallic nanoparticules (NP) in a colloidal suspension followed by (ii) the deposition of these NPs onto a support. The first step of the method enabled to produce well-controlled Pt-Sn NPs in terms of size and composition. However, the NPs were partly destroyed during the deposition step followed by calcination, due to the reoxidation of Sn. The adsorption of CO followed by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRIFTS) was used to characterize the nature of these solids following a reduction, which was able to regenerate an alloyed phase. The DRIFTS analysis enabled to discriminate between Pt in an alloyed phase and Pt on monometallic surfaces. The heat of CO adsorption measured by DRIFTS appeared to be much lower than that associated with the pure Pt phase. Surprinsingly, a segregation of Pt and Sn was observed under a CO/H2 mixture below 175°C. In situ analysis by DRIFTS of the PROX reaction indicated that the Pt-Sn alloy rapidly decomposed in the presence of O2, forming an intimate mixture of Pt and SnOx. No evidence of the presence of Pt -Sn alloyed phases could be obtained under PROX conditions, suggesting that the superior catalytic activity of the Pt –Sn materials were related to the Pt+SnOx mixture. A detailed PROX microkinetic model was developed over Pt+SnOx, based on those relevant to CO oxidation and PROX over pure Pt. This work epitomises the benefits in combining in situ spectroscopic study with kinetic modelling to better understand the structure of catalysts “at work” and reaction mechanisms

8

Shiraiwa, Manabu [Verfasser]. „Kinetic modeling and experiments on gas uptake and chemical transformation of organic aerosol in the atmosphere / Manabu Shiraiwa“. Mainz : Universitätsbibliothek Mainz, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1025263596/34.

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Moyano, Garcia Iván. „Controllability of of some kinetic equations, of parabolic degenerated equations and of the Schrödinger equation via domain transformation“. Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLX062/document.

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Ce mémoire présente les travaux réalisés au cours de ma thèse dans le but d'étudier la contrôlabilité de quelques équations aux dérivées partielles. La première partie de cette thèse est consacrée à l'étude de la contrôlabilité de quelques équations cinétiques en différents régimes. Dans un régime collisionnel, nous étudions la contrôlabilité de l'équation de Kolmogorov, un modèle de type Fokker-Planck cinétique, posée dans l'espace de phases $R^d times R^d$. Nous obtenons la contrôlabilité à zéro de cette équation grâce à l'utilisation d'une inégalité spectrale associée à l'opérateur Laplacien dans tout l'espace. Dans un régime non-collisionnel, nous étudions la contrôlabilité de deux systèmes de couplage fluide-cinétique, les systèmes de Vlasov-Stokes et de Vlasov-Navier-Stokes, comportant des non-linéarités dues au terme de couplage. Dans ces cas, l'approche repose sur la méthode du retour.Dans la deuxième partie nous étudions la contrôlabilité d'une famille d'équations paraboliques dégénérées 1-D par la méthode de platitude, qui permet la constructions de contrôles explicites. La troisième partie porte sur le problème de la contrôlabilité de l'équation de Schrödinger par la forme du domaine, c'est-à-dire, en utilisant le domaine comme variable de contrôle. Nous obtenons un résultat de ce type dans le cas du disque unité bidimensionnel. Nos méthodes sont basées sur un résultat de contrôle exact local autour d'une certaine trajectoire, obtenu grâce au théorème d'inversion locale
This memoir presents the results obtained during my PhD, whose goal is the study of the controllability of some Partial Differential Equations.The first part of this thesis is concerned with the study of the controllability of some kinetic equations undergoing different regimes. Under a collisional regime, we study the controllability of the Kolmogorov equation, a particular case of kinetic Fokker-Planck equation, in the phase space $R^d times R^d$. We obtain the null-controllability of this equation thanks to the use of a spectral inequality associated to the Laplace operator in the whole space. Under a non-collisional regime, we study the controllability of two fluid-kinetic models, the Vlasov-Stokes system and the Vlasov-Navier-Stokes system, which exhibe nonlinearities due to the coupling terms. In those cases, the strategy relies on the Return method.In the second part, we study the controllability of a family of 1-D degenerate parabolic equations by the flatness method, which allows the construction of explicit controls.The third part is focused on the problem of the controllability of the Schrödinger equation via domain deformations, i.e., using the domain as a control. We obtain a result of this kind in the case of the two-dimensional unit disk, for radial data. Our methods are based on a local exact controllability result around a certain trajectory, obtained thanks to the Inverse Mapping theorem

10

Cluff, Stephen Roy. „Characterization and Modeling of the Martensite Transformation in Advanced High-Strength Steels“. BYU ScholarsArchive, 2019. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/9051.

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Multiple studies on the microstructures of advanced high-strength steels are presented here that seek to add to the already substantial body of knowledge on martensite in steel. These studies seek to gain additional insight into the role that the martensite transformation has on the observed mechanical properties of modern steels. Crystallographic Reconstruction of Parent Austenite Twin Boundaries in a Lath Martensitic Steel The study of post-transformation microstructures and their properties can be greatly enhanced by studying their dependence on the grain boundary content of parent microstructures. Recent work has extended the crystallographic reconstruction of parent austenite in steels to include the reconstruction of special boundaries, such as annealing twins. These reconstructions present unique challenges, as twinned austenite grains share a subset of possible daughter variant orientations. This gives rise to regions of ambiguity in a reconstruction. A technique for the reconstruction of twin boundaries is presented here that is capable of reconstructing 60 degree <1 1 1> twins, even in the case where twin regions are comprised entirely of variants that are common between the twin and the parent. This technique is demonstrated in the reconstruction of lath martensitic steels. The reconstruction method utilizes a delayed decision-making approach, where a chosen orientation relationship is used to define all possible groupings of daughter grains into possible parents before divisive decisions are made. These overlapping, inclusive groupings (called clusters) are compared to each other individually using their calculated parent austenite orientations and the topographical nature of the overlapping region. These comparisons are used to uncover possible locations of twin boundaries present in the parent austenite. This technique can be applied to future studies on the dependence of post-transformation microstructures on the special grain boundary content of parent microstructures. Coupling Kinetic Monte Carlo and Implicit Finite Element Methods for Predicting the Strain Path Sensitivity of the Mechanically Induced Martensite Transformation The kinetic Monte Carlo method is coupled with a finite-element solver to simulate the nucleation of martensite inside the retained austenite regions of a TRIP (transformation induced plasticity) assisted steel. Nucleation kinetics are expressed as a function of load path and kinematic coupling between retained austenite regions. The model for martensite nucleation incorporates known elements of the kinetics and crystallography of martensite. The dependence of martensite transformation on load path is simulated and compared to published experimental results. The differences in transformation rates of retained austenite are shown to depend on load path through the Magee effect. The effects of average nearest neighbor distance between austenite grains is shown to affect the rate at which martensite nucleates differently depending on load path. Ductility and Strain Localization of Advanced High-Strength Steel in the Presence of a Sheared Edge The localization of strain in the microstructures of DP 980 and TBF 980 is quantified and compared. Of particular interest is the difference in final elongation observed for both materials in the presence of a sheared edge. Scanning electron micrographs of etched microstructures near the sheared edge are gathered for both materials at varying amounts of macroscopic strain. These micrographs are used to generate strain maps using digital image correlation. A two point statistical measure for strain localization is developed that utilizes strain map data to quantify the degree to which strain localizes around the hard phase of both materials. The DP steel exhibits higher strain localization around the martensite phase. Reasons for differences in strain localization and shear banding between the two materials are suggested, and the role played by the mechanically induced martensite transformation is speculated.

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Bücher zum Thema "Kinetic of transformation":

1

H, Drummond Charles, und United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., Hrsg. Comments on "Kinetic Study on the Hexacelsian-Celsian Phase Transformation". [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1992.

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Bansal, Narottam P. Comments on "Kinetic Study on the Hexacelsian-Celsian Phase Transformation". [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1992.

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Slezov, V. V. Kinetics of first-order phase transitions. Weinheim [Germany]: Wiley-VCH, 2009.

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1948-, Chvoj Z., Šesták Jaroslav 1938- und Tříska A, Hrsg. Kinetic phase diagrams: Nonequilibrium phase transitions. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1991.

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A, Jackson Kenneth. Kinetic processes: Crystal growth, diffusion, and phase transitions in materials. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, 2004.

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S, Im James, Hrsg. Thermodynamics and kinetics of phase transformations: Symposium held November 27-December 1, 1995, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A. Pittsburgh, Penn: Materials Research Society, 1996.

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D, Nikitin E., und Akademii͡a︡ nauk SSSR. Uralʹskiĭ nauchnyĭ t͡s︡entr., Hrsg. Termodinamicheskie svoĭstva metastabilʹnykh sistem i kinetika fazovykh prevrashcheniĭ. Sverdlovsk: Akademii͡a︡ nauk SSSR, Uralʹskiĭ nauch. t͡s︡entr, 1985.

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Abeyaratne, Rohan. Evolution of phase transitions: A continuum theory. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2006.

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M, Chen, Hrsg. Phase transformation kinetics in thin films: Symposium held April 29-May 1, 1991, Anaheim, California, U.S.A. Pittsburgh, Pa: Materials Research Society, 1992.

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Center, Langley Research, Hrsg. A gas-kinetic method for hyperbolic-elliptic equations and its application in two-phase fluid flow. Hampton, Va: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1999.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Kinetic of transformation":

1

Yurchenko, Sergey. „Kinetic energy operator: Coordinate transformation“. In Computational Spectroscopy of Polyatomic Molecules, 49–78. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429154348-3.

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Yoo, Han-Ill. „Kinetics of Phase Transformation: Initial Stage“. In Lectures on Kinetic Processes in Materials, 173–214. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25950-1_5.

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Yoo, Han-Ill. „Kinetics of Phase Transformation: Later Stage“. In Lectures on Kinetic Processes in Materials, 215–45. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25950-1_6.

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Phusunti, Neeranuch, und Andreas Hornung. „Formal Kinetic Parameters - Problems and Solutions in Deriving Proper Values“. In Transformation of Biomass, 257–84. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118693643.ch14.

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Aziz, Muhammad Fakhrul Syukri Abd, und Zainul Akmar Zakaria. „Oil Palm Biomass and Its Kinetic Transformation Properties“. In Biosynthetic Technology and Environmental Challenges, 73–87. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7434-9_5.

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Sapienza, Alessio, Andrea Frazzica, Angelo Freni und Yuri Aristov. „Adsorptive Heat Transformation and Storage: Thermodynamic and Kinetic Aspects“. In Dynamics of Adsorptive Systems for Heat Transformation, 1–18. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51287-7_1.

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Chen, Ying. „Kinetic Monte Carlo Modeling of Martensitic Phase Transformation Dynamics“. In Handbook of Materials Modeling, 1265–85. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44677-6_100.

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Chen, Ying. „Kinetic Monte Carlo Modeling of Martensitic Phase Transformation Dynamics“. In Handbook of Materials Modeling, 1–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42913-7_100-1.

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Wen, Yuanyuan, Feng Huang, Yonghua Rong und Zhenghong Guo. „Evaluation of Kinetic Equation of Athermal Martensitic Transformation in Low Carbon Steels“. In PRICM, 797–802. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118792148.ch98.

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Wen, Yuanyuan, Feng Huang, Yonghua Rong und Zhenghong Guo. „Evaluation of Kinetic Equation of Athermal Martensitic Transformation in Low Carbon Steels“. In Proceedings of the 8th Pacific Rim International Congress on Advanced Materials and Processing, 797–802. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48764-9_98.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Kinetic of transformation":

1

Chau, Sheryl, und Ranjan Mukherjee. „Kinetic to Potential Energy Transformation Using an Elastica“. In ASME 2019 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2019-8929.

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Abstract The kinetic energy of a mass traveling in the horizontal direction can be fully transformed into potential energy using an elastica as a temporary storage element. This problem, which resembles the sport of pole-vaulting, is investigated using a non-dimensional framework and by solving the ensuing two-point boundary problem. Dimensional studies are conducted with the objective of better understanding the role of the mass of the vaulter, modeled here as the mass attached to the elastica, and torque applied by the vaulter, modeled here as external torque on the elastica, on vaulting performance. Simulation results indicate better vaulting performance, as indicated by higher non-dimensional potential energy, for lower mass and higher torque.

2

Chauvin, Camille, Frédéric Zucchini und David Palma de Barros. „Study on phase transformation in Tin under dynamic compression“. In 2019 15th Hypervelocity Impact Symposium. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/hvis2019-027.

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Abstract We propose to study experimentally the polymorphic transition of Tin under dynamic compression. These transformations have been investigated for a long time through usual velocity measurements under shock from ambient condition. At CEA Gramat we have improved our understanding of such phase transformations through both experimental and theoretical means. Experimental velocity measurements have long suggested that non equilibrium behavior and kinetics is an important part of the dynamic compression response of materials undergoing phase transformations. Empirical kinetic models can in many cases reproduce the experimental velocity profiles, but without clearly identifying the nature of the transition. For nearly two decades, the CEA Gramat operates several gas guns for shock loading and high pulsed power (HPP) drivers dedicated to Isentropic Compression Experiments (ICE) up to several GPa. These experimental devices and associated diagnostics (velocimetry and temperature measurements and x-ray diffraction experiments) help to begin to study kinetics under dynamic transition in a more rigorous manner. We have used these experiments to examine various compression paths and have used the results to improve equation of state (EOS) models incorporated in our numerical codes. The latter can be used to run simulations starting with ambient initial conditions, then load metallic materials from various non ambient initial temperatures. This can significantly extend the range of our studies into previously unexplored thermodynamic paths. We propose to describe our preheating devices for gas gun experiments and our HPP driver, and to present our preliminary results on shock loading and on isentropic compression at various initial temperatures, to explore the phase diagram of Tin. In addition, we present the design of promising testing on X-ray diffraction under shock to help to develop a more physical kinetic model relying on nucleation and growth mechanisms, which are implemented in our continuum level codes.

3

Brarda, María Cecilia, und Horacio F. Gorodischer. „Transformation as a production of meaning of the kinetic typographic form“. In Congreso SIGraDi 2020. São Paulo: Editora Blucher, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/sigradi2020-5.

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Goh, Sharon Meng Xuang, Bridgid Lai Fui Chin, Yie Hua Tan, Chung Loong Yiin, Zeinab Abbas Jawad und Dana H. Abdeen. „Application of Artificial Neural Network Approach for the Kinetic Parameters Determination of Pyrolysis Aseptic Waste Packages“. In 2023 International Conference on Digital Applications, Transformation & Economy (ICDATE). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icdate58146.2023.10248689.

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Otremba, Frank, und José A. Romero Navarrete. „Experimental Assessing of the Energy Transformation in Turns“. In ASME 2022 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2022-88319.

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Abstract Turning maneuvers of rail vehicles involve demanding situations for the infrastructure because of the steering forces generated and the resultant lateral load transfers. Such forcing situation involves increased tangential forces that consume kinetic energy from the vehicle. While much attention has been paid in the literature to the damage in such infrastructure segments, the energy that is dissipated in these maneuvers, has not been explicitly addressed. In this paper, a specialized scale-down infrastructure is used to characterize the effect of the initial speed of the vehicle and its mass, on the magnitude of both the rail forces developed and the amount of dissipated energy during turning maneuvers. The outputs of the experiments suggest that most of the original kinetic energy is dissipated at the first portion of the turn. Also, that the magnitude of the wheel forces and the amount of dissipated energy, correlate. That is, a greater rail damage would correspond to greater energy dissipation.

6

Wang, Lijin. „Effective computation of stochastic protein kinetic equation by reducing stiffness via variable transformation“. In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF NUMERICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS 2015 (ICNAAM 2015). Author(s), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4952352.

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Wu, Xiaodong, Jianshen Wu, Guojun Sun und Caoyin Xie. „One-dimensional modeling of shape memory alloy with improved kinetic relation for phase transformation“. In SPIE's 8th Annual International Symposium on Smart Structures and Materials, herausgegeben von Vittal S. Rao. SPIE, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.436499.

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Ye, Yuqing, Xin Wang, Amit G. Reiss, Amy T. Kan und Mason B. Tomson. „Siderite Formation Kinetics, Solubility, and Phase Transformation on CO2 Corroding Mild Carbon Steel Under High Temperature“. In SPE International Conference on Oilfield Chemistry. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/213880-ms.

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Abstract The solubility and precipitation kinetic of siderite were measured under 90, 120, and 150 °C, with 1m of NaCl under unchanged pH (pH=6). The solubility data were in agreement with SSP prediction and a diffusion-controlled precipitation was determined for siderite with an active energy of 5.66 kJ/mol. Furthermore, temperature-driven phase transformation was imaged by SEM, in which multiple crystal were observed co-existing under same experimental condition. We discuss the mechanism of transformation among chukanovite, siderite, and magnetite; and how it can attribute to the difficulty in measuring siderite solubility and precipitation kinetic. Lastly, we outline some future work in optimizing our study. Overall, this method can be used for extensive investigations in additional factors that affect the siderite formation, such as ionic strength, pH, CO2 partial pressure, and the presence of inhibitors.

9

Allen Demers, Louis-Alexis, und Cle´ment Gosselin. „Kinematic Design of Mechanisms for the Control of an Oscillating Wing“. In ASME 2007 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2007-34580.

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This work is part of a project which aims at the development of underwater generators using oscillating wings. One of the important challenges in the design of a system collecting the kinetic energy of a fluid is the transformation of this energy into electric power [1]. Since it is not possible to pass directly from the movement of a fluid to electric power, it is necessary to conceive an intermediate mechanical system. Its function is to convert the kinetic energy of the fluid into kinetic energy of a mechanism capable of converting kinetic energy into electric power. In this work, the mechanical system also has an additional function, i.e., to guide the orientation of the blades (wings) throughout the cycle of movement in order to maximize the efficiency.

10

Santhanakrishnan, S., F. R. Kong und R. Kovacevic. „A Three-Dimensional Transient Modeling and Experimental Analysis of Laser Transformation Hardening by Using High Power Direct Diode Laser“. In ASME 2009 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2009-84152.

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Laser transformation hardening (LTH) based on rapid heating and cooling cycles produce hard and wear-resistant layers of the metallic component. A high intensity moving laser beam heats up the thin layer of the external surface of the component without damaging the bulk of material. The metallurgical transformations taking place in the material during the thermo-kinetic cycles could effectively improve the mechanical properties of its surface. Nowadays, a high power direct diode laser (HPDDL) has been accepted by industry as a valuable tool to carry out this process. A three-dimensional (3-D) transient thermo-kinetic model has been developed to predict the temperature profile of the hardened layers of the material surface. The temperature-dependence of the thermal properties of the material is taken into account in the model. The laser beam is considered as a moving line heat source with a uniform distribution of laser power. The numerical solution is obtained by using a transient 3-D heat conduction equation with convection boundary conditions at the surfaces of the workpiece. A number of experiments have been carried out to harden components of AISI S7 tool steel by a continuous wave (CW) HPDDL at different power levels (1200 W – 2000 W) and different scanning speeds (5 mm/s – 20 mm/s). The main processing parameters such as laser power and scanning speed are optimized based on the numerical analysis of the heat conduction involved in this process. The numerical simulation results are compared with results produced experimentally by a HPDDL laser operating in CW, showing good agreement.

Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Kinetic of transformation":

1

Stewart, Robert D. Kinetic Modeling of Damage Repair, Genome Instability, and Neoplastic Transformation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), März 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/900981.

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Shoseyov, Oded, Steven A. Weinbaum, Raphael Goren und Abhaya M. Dandekar. Biological Thinning of Fruit Set by RNAase in Deciduous Fruit Trees. United States Department of Agriculture, August 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1993.7568110.bard.

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Fruit thinning is a common and necessary practice for commercial fruit production in many deciduous tree fruit species. Fruit thinning in apple may be accomplished with a variety of chemical thinning agents, but the use of these chemicals is a subject of environmental concern. It has been shown recently that RNase enzyme, secreted from the stigma and the style, inhibits pollen germination and pollen tube elongation. In this study we have been able to show that Aspergillus niger B-1 RNase can effectively inhibit peach and apple pollen germination, and tube elongation in-vitro, as well as thin fruit in peach and apple, and reduce the number of seeds in citrus. The objectives of the research were to detrmine the conditions for effective thinning of (USA and Israel), develop fermentation process for cost effective production of RNase from A. niger. (Israel), and clone apple S-RNase cDNA (USA). All the objectives of the research were addressed. We have determined the optimal fermentation conditions for cost effective production of the A. niger at a 20,000 liters scale. TheA. niger B1 RNase was isolated to homogeneity and its kinetic and biochemical properties including its N-terminal sequence were fully characterized. The field test results both in Israel and California have shown variability in effectiveness and more work is needed to define the RNase concentration necessary to completely inhibit pollen development. Plant transformation vectors expressing anti-sense apple S-RNase genes were constructed (USA) with an attempt to produce self compatible transgenic apple trees. Bovine S-Protein cDNA was cloned and successfully expressed in E. coli (Israel). Plant transformation vector expressing the S-Protein gene was constructed (USA) with an attempt to produce transgenic plants expressing S-protein in the style. Exogenous application of S-peptide to these plants will result in active RNase and consequently prevention of fertilization.

3

Elmer, J. W., J. Wong und T. Palmer. The Kinetics of Phase Transformation in Welds. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Februar 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15004301.

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Wicks, June. Phase transformation kinetics in shock-compressed Zirconium. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Dezember 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1579714.

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Militzer, M., R. Pandi und E. B. Hawbolt. Austenite to ferrite transformation kinetics during continuous cooling. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Dezember 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/34419.

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Robino, C. V., G. Knorovsky, R. C. Dykhuizen, D. O. MacCallum und B. K. Damkroger. Transformation kinetics in controlled-power and controlled-temperature cycle testing. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Juni 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/672114.

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Bessho, Naoki. Final report: Kinetic characterization of 3D magnetic reconnection: A transformative step. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Oktober 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1828283.

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Ceder, Gerbrand, Nicola Marzari und Vidvuds Ozolins. Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Phase Transformations in Hydrogen Storage Materials. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1125004.

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Turchi, P., L. Kaufman, Z. Liu und S. Zhou. THERMODYNAMICS AND KINETICS OF PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS IN PLUTONIUM ALLOYS - PART I. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/895082.

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Wolverton, Chris, und Vidvuds Ozolins. Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Phase Transformations in Energy Materials (Final Report). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Juni 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1526112.

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