Thematische Bibliographien / KCA

Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „KCA“

Autor: Grafiati
Veröffentlicht am 25. Juli 2024
Zuletzt aktualisiert am 26. Juli 2024

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "KCA"

1

Rabasseda, X., N. Mealy und J. Castañer. „KCA-098“. Drugs of the Future 20, Nr. 3 (1995): 235. http://dx.doi.org/10.1358/dof.1995.020.03.288772.

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2

Li, Anlong, Adebowale Adebiyi, Charles W. Leffler und Jonathan H. Jaggar. „KCa channel insensitivity to Ca2+ sparks underlies fractional uncoupling in newborn cerebral artery smooth muscle cells“. American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 291, Nr. 3 (September 2006): H1118—H1125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.01308.2005.

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In smooth muscle cells, localized intracellular Ca2+ transients, termed “Ca2+ sparks,” activate several large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (KCa) channels, resulting in a transient KCa current. In some smooth muscle cell types, a significant proportion of Ca2+ sparks do not activate KCa channels. The goal of this study was to explore mechanisms that underlie fractional Ca2+ spark-KCa channel coupling. We investigated whether membrane depolarization or ryanodine-sensitive Ca2+ release (RyR) channel activation modulates coupling in newborn (1- to 3-day-old) porcine cerebral artery myocytes. At steady membrane potentials of −40, 0, and +40 mV, mean transient KCa current frequency was ∼0.18, 0.43, and 0.26 Hz and KCa channel activity [number of KCa channels activated by Ca2+ sparks × open probability of KCa channels at peak of Ca2+ sparks ( NPo)] at the transient KCa current peak was ∼4, 12, and 24, respectively. Depolarization between −40 and +40 mV increased KCa channel sensitivity to Ca2+ sparks and elevated the percentage of Ca2+ sparks that activated a transient KCa current from 59 to 86%. In a Ca2+-free bath solution or in diltiazem, a voltage-dependent Ca2+ channel blocker, steady membrane depolarization between −40 and +40 mV increased transient KCa current frequency up to ∼1.6-fold. In contrast, caffeine (10 μM), an RyR channel activator, increased mean transient KCa current frequency but did not alter Ca2+ spark-KCa channel coupling. These data indicate that coupling is increased by mechanisms that elevate KCa channel sensitivity to Ca2+ sparks, but not by RyR channel activation. Overall, KCa channel insensitivity to Ca2+ sparks is a prominent factor underlying fractional Ca2+ spark uncoupling in newborn cerebral artery myocytes.
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3

Zhang, Xiaolei, Meitao Yang, Dan Lv, Yin Xie, Yanan Sun, Yanling Zhang, Mengzhou He, Haiyi Liu, Fanfan Li und Dongrui Deng. „Effects of KCa channels on biological behavior of trophoblasts“. Open Life Sciences 17, Nr. 1 (01.01.2022): 1043–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/biol-2022-0462.

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Abstract The Ca2+-activated potassium (KCa) channels are involved in many cellular functions, but their roles in trophoblasts are unclear. This study aimed to clarify the effects of KCa channels on the biological behavior of trophoblasts. The localization and expression of the three types of KCa channels, including large-conductance KCa channels (BKCa), intermediate-conductance KCa channels (IKCa), and small-conductance KCa channels (SKCa), were detected in human chorionic villi taken from pregnant women between 5 and 8 weeks of gestation (n = 15) and HTR-8/SVneo cells. The effects of KCa channels on proliferation, apoptosis, and migration of HTR-8/SVneo cells were examined by using the activators or inhibitors of KCa channels. Results showed that KCa channels were mainly localized on the membrane and in the cytoplasm of trophoblasts in human chorionic villi and HTR-8/SVneo cells. The proliferation and migration of HTR-8/SVneo cells were inhibited by activating KCa channels. Apoptosis of trophoblasts was promoted through activating BKCa channels but was not affected by neither activating nor inhibiting IKCa and SKCa channels. This study substantiated the abovementioned biological roles of KCa channels in trophoblast cells, which is fundamental to further research on whether dysfunction of KCa channels is involved in the pathogenesis of pregnancy-related complications.
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4

Wang, Rui, und Lingyun Wu. „Interaction of Selective Amino Acid Residues of KCa Channels with Carbon Monoxide“. Experimental Biology and Medicine 228, Nr. 5 (Mai 2003): 474–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15353702-0322805-09.

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The activation of big-conductance KCa channels in vascular smooth muscle cells by carbon monoxide (CO) has been demonstrated previously. One specific target of CO on KCa channel proteins is the histidine residue. The roles of other amino acid residues on the functionality of KCa channels, as well as their reactions to CO, have been unclear. In the present study, the cell-free single channel recording technique was used to investigate the chemical modification of KCa channels by CO and other chemical agents. The modification of negatively charged carboxyl groups and the ε-amino group of lysine did not affect the open probability, but decreased single-channel conductance of KCa channels. When sulfhydryl groups of cysteine were modified with N-ethylmaleimide, the open probability of KCa channels was decreased, but single-channel conductance was not affected. None of the above chemical modifications affected the CO-induced increase in the open probability of KCa channels. However, N-ethylmaleimide treatment reduced the stimulatory effect of nitric oxide (NO) on KCa channels. Finally, pretreatment of smooth muscle cells with NO abolished the effects of subsequently applied CO on KCa channel proteins. Our study demonstrates that CO and NO acted on different amino acid residues of KCa channel proteins. The interaction of CO and NO determines the functional status of KCa channels in vascular smooth muscle cells
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5

Zhao, Guiling, Adebowale Adebiyi, Qi Xi und Jonathan H. Jaggar. „Hypoxia reduces KCa channel activity by inducing Ca2+ spark uncoupling in cerebral artery smooth muscle cells“. American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 292, Nr. 6 (Juni 2007): C2122—C2128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00629.2006.

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Arterial smooth muscle cell large-conductance Ca2+-activated potassium (KCa) channels have been implicated in modulating hypoxic dilation of systemic arteries, although this is controversial. KCa channel activity in arterial smooth muscle cells is controlled by localized intracellular Ca2+ transients, termed Ca2+ sparks, but hypoxic regulation of Ca2+ sparks and KCa channel activation by Ca2+ sparks has not been investigated. We report here that in voltage-clamped (−40 mV) cerebral artery smooth muscle cells, a reduction in dissolved O2 partial pressure from 150 to 15 mmHg reversibly decreased Ca2+ spark-induced transient KCa current frequency and amplitude to 61% and 76% of control, respectively. In contrast, hypoxia did not alter Ca2+ spark frequency, amplitude, global intracellular Ca2+ concentration, or sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ load. Hypoxia reduced transient KCa current frequency by decreasing the percentage of Ca2+ sparks that activated a transient KCa current from 89% to 63%. Hypoxia reduced transient KCa current amplitude by attenuating the amplitude relationship between Ca2+ sparks that remained coupled and the evoked transient KCa currents. Consistent with these data, in inside-out patches at −40 mV hypoxia reduced KCa channel apparent Ca2+ sensitivity and increased the Kd for Ca2+ from ∼17 to 32 μM, but did not alter single-channel amplitude. In summary, data indicate that hypoxia reduces KCa channel apparent Ca2+ sensitivity via a mechanism that is independent of cytosolic signaling messengers, and this leads to uncoupling of KCa channels from Ca2+ sparks. Transient KCa current inhibition due to uncoupling would oppose hypoxic cerebrovascular dilation.
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6

Cheng, Xiaoyang, und Jonathan H. Jaggar. „Genetic ablation of caveolin-1 modifies Ca2+ spark coupling in murine arterial smooth muscle cells“. American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 290, Nr. 6 (Juni 2006): H2309—H2319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.01226.2005.

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L-type, voltage-dependent calcium (Ca2+) channels, ryanodine-sensitive Ca2+ release (RyR) channels, and large-conductance Ca2+-activated potassium (KCa) channels comprise a functional unit that regulates smooth muscle contractility. Here, we investigated whether genetic ablation of caveolin-1 (cav-1), a caveolae protein, alters Ca2+ spark to KCa channel coupling and Ca2+ spark regulation by voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels in murine cerebral artery smooth muscle cells. Caveolae were abundant in the sarcolemma of control (cav-1+/+) cells but were not observed in cav-1-deficient (cav-1−/−) cells. Ca2+ spark and transient KCa current frequency were approximately twofold higher in cav-1−/− than in cav-1+/+ cells. Although voltage-dependent Ca2+ current density was similar in cav-1+/+ and cav-1−/− cells, diltiazem and Cd2+, voltage-dependent Ca2+ channel blockers, reduced transient KCa current frequency to ∼55% of control in cav-1+/+ cells but did not alter transient KCa current frequency in cav-1−/− cells. Furthermore, although KCa channel density was elevated in cav-1−/− cells, transient KCa current amplitude was similar to that in cav-1+/+ cells. Higher Ca2+ spark frequency in cav-1−/− cells was not due to elevated intracellular Ca2+ concentration, sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ load, or nitric oxide synthase activity. Similarly, Ca2+ spark amplitude and spread, the percentage of Ca2+ sparks that activated a transient KCa current, the amplitude relationship between sparks and transient KCa currents, and KCa channel conductance and apparent Ca2+ sensitivity were similar in cav-1+/+ and cav-1−/− cells. In summary, cav-1 ablation elevates Ca2+ spark and transient KCa current frequency, attenuates the coupling relationship between voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels and RyR channels that generate Ca2+ sparks, and elevates KCa channel density but does not alter transient KCa current activation by Ca2+ sparks. These findings indicate that cav-1 is required for physiological Ca2+ spark and transient KCa current regulation in cerebral artery smooth muscle cells.
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7

Van Hemelrijck, M., H. Garmo, N. Hammar, G. Walldius, M. Lambe, I. Jungner und L. Holmberg. „Lipid profiles and the risk of kidney cancer in the Swedish AMORIS study.“ Journal of Clinical Oncology 29, Nr. 7_suppl (01.03.2011): 342. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2011.29.7_suppl.342.

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342 Background: Since multiple epidemiologic studies showed a link between obesity and kidney cancer (KCa), the lipid metabolism is thought to play a role in development of KCa. With the exception of cholesterol and total fat intake, the association between changes in lipid biomarkers and KCa has not often been researched. We assessed the link between lipid profiles and KCa risk in a large prospective cohort study. Methods: A cohort based on 85,261 persons (> 20 years old) with baseline measurements of glucose, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, apolipoprotein A-I and apoB was selected from the Swedish Apolipoprotein Mortality Risk (AMORIS) study. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were used to analyze associations between quartiles and dichotomized values of these lipid components and KCa risk. All models were adjusted for age, gender, socioeconomic status, fasting status, history of kidney disease prior to baseline (ICD9: 580-93), and glucose, cholesterol, and TG levels (depending on the covariate of interest). Results: During a mean follow-up of 12 years, 161 persons developed KCa (58% men). The mean age at baseline was 46 years. TG were the only lipid component for which a statistically significant association was found with risk of KCa (Hazard Ratio (HR): 1.05 (95%CI: 0.59-1.87), 1.77 (1.05-2.98), and 1.77 (1.04-3.02) for the second, third, and fourth quartile, compared to the first, with p-value for trend: 0.008). The lipid ratio of TG and HDL also showed a statistically significant positive association with risk of KCa (HR: 1.21 (0.71-2.08), 1.56 (0.94-2.58), and 1.92 (1.17-3.17) for the second, third, and fourth quartile, compared to the first, with p-value for trend: 0.004). No other associations were found between lipid components and KCa risk. Conclusions: This detailed analysis of lipid components and risk of KCa found a relation between levels of TG and KCa risk. In contrast to previous studies, we did not find an association between cholesterol levels and KCa risk. Lipid profiles based on the markers used in this study do not seem to reflect the etiological pathway that has previously been shown between obesity and KCa. Further mechanistic studies are required to assess the link between lipid deregulation and KCa. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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8

Orfali, Razan, Ali AlFaiz, Mohammad Asikur Rahman, Liz Lau, Young-Woo Nam und Miao Zhang. „KCa2 and KCa3.1 Channels in the Airways: A New Therapeutic Target“. Biomedicines 11, Nr. 7 (21.06.2023): 1780. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11071780.

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K+ channels are involved in many critical functions in lung physiology. Recently, the family of Ca2+-activated K+ channels (KCa) has received more attention, and a massive amount of effort has been devoted to developing selective medications targeting these channels. Within the family of KCa channels, three small-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (KCa2) channel subtypes, together with the intermediate-conductance KCa3.1 channel, are voltage-independent K+ channels, and they mediate Ca2+-induced membrane hyperpolarization. Many KCa2 channel members are involved in crucial roles in physiological and pathological systems throughout the body. In this article, different subtypes of KCa2 and KCa3.1 channels and their functions in respiratory diseases are discussed. Additionally, the pharmacology of the KCa2 and KCa3.1 channels and the link between these channels and respiratory ciliary regulations will be explained in more detail. In the future, specific modulators for small or intermediate Ca2+-activated K+ channels may offer a unique therapeutic opportunity to treat muco-obstructive lung diseases.
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Yang, Yuqin, Jan van Aalst und Carol Chan. „Examining Online Discourse Using the Knowledge Connection Analyzer Framework and Collaborative Tools in Knowledge Building“. Sustainability 13, Nr. 14 (19.07.2021): 8045. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13148045.

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This study examines the problem of the fragmentation of asynchronous online discourse by using the Knowledge Connection Analyzer (KCA) framework and tools and explores how students could use the KCA data in classroom reflections to deepen their knowledge building (KB) inquiry. We applied the KCA to nine Knowledge Forum® (KF) databases to examine the framework, identify issues with online discourse that may inform further development, and provide data on how the tools work. Our comparisons of the KCA data showed that the databases with more sophisticated teacher–researcher co-design had higher KCA indices than those with regular KF use, validating the framework. Analysis of KF discourse using the KCA helped identify several issues including limited collaboration among peers, underdeveloped practices of synthesizing and rising above of collective ideas, less analysis of conceptual development of discussion threads, and limited collaborative reflection on individual contribution and promising inquiry direction. These issues that open opportunities for further development cannot be identified by other present analytics tools. The exploratory use of the KCA in real classroom revealed that the KCA can support students’ productive reflective assessment and KB. This study discusses the implications for examining and scaffolding online discussions using the KCA assessment framework, with a focus on collective perspectives regarding community knowledge, synthesis, idea improvement, and contribution to community understanding.
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Sukiman, Sukiman. „Studi Komparatif Pendapatan Produk Kredit Cepat Aman (Kca) Dengan Produk Kredit Angsuran Sistem Fidusia (Kreasi) Di Pt. Pegadaian Cabang Sinjai (Analisis Tinjauan Syariah)“. Jurnal Asy-Syarikah: Jurnal Lembaga Keuangan, Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam 1, Nr. 1 (30.10.2019): 40–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.47435/asy-syarikah.v1i1.86.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan pendapatan Pegadaian yang peroleh dari produk Kredit Cepat Aman (KCA) dengan produk Kredit Angsuran Sistem Fidusia (KREASI) di PT. Pegadaian Cabang Sinjai dan tinjauan syariah terhadap pendapatan produk Kredit Cepat Aman (KCA)dan produk Sistem Fidusia (KREASI). Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan analisis komparatif. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yang menggunakan nasabah produk Kredit Cepat Aman (KCA) dengan produk Kredit Angsuran Sistem Fidusia (KREASI) di PT. Pegadaian Cabang Sinjai sebagai objek penelitian. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui dokumentasi dengan menggunakan instrumen pedoman dokumentasi. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan uji z dan analisis kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Pendapatan Pegadaian yang diperoleh dari produk KCA dan KREASI adalah Rp.15.723.800 dan Rp.35.835.000 dengan jumlah pendapatan yang diperoleh produk KREASI lebih besar Rp.20.111.200 dari pada produk KCA. Adapun rata-rata pendapatan produk KCA Rp.524.127 dan KREASI Rp.1.194.500 dan berdasarkan hasil uji hipotesis dengan menggunakan uji Z menunjukkan nilai Z Tabel 0,999999997>0,05, oleh karena itu perbandingan rata-rata pendapatan produk KCA dan KREASI di PT. Pegadaian Cabang Sinjai signifikan. (2) Pendapatan Pegadaian pada produk KCA dan KREASI yang diperoleh dari penarikan sewa modal atau bunga kepada nasabah mengandung ungsur riba, karena adanya penambahan jumlah uang yang harus dibayar nasabah dari pinjaman pokok. Dimana setiap bunga 1% dari masing-masing pinjaman nasabah KCA yang harus dibayar adalah Rp.47.949 dan setiap bunga 1% dari masing-masing pinjaman nasabah KREASI yang harus dibayar adalah Rp.115.400 dengan tarif bunga untuk 30 nasabah KCA dan KREASI adalah sebesar Rp.15.723.800 dan Rp.35.835.000. Hal ini bertentangan dengan ayat-ayat dalam Al-Qur’an dan pendapat para ulama yang melarang adanya riba dalam melakukan transaksi, oleh karena itu pendapatan Pegadaian yang diperoleh dari produk KCA dan KREASI merupakan sesuatu yang dilarang dalam Islam dan hukumnya adalah haram.
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Dissertationen zum Thema "KCA"

1

Gueguinou, Maxime. „Complexe canalaires KCa/Ca sensibles aux éther-lipides : régulation de la signalisation calcique dans la migration de cellules cancéreuses“. Thesis, Tours, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOUR4032.

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La formation de métastases est la cause majeure des décès par cancer. Le développement de métastases est consécutif à une série d‟événements complexes tels que la migration, l‟invasion et la prolifération cellulaire. Le canal potassique SK3 (membre de la famille des SKCa) régule la migration des cellules cancéreuses du sein et favorise le développement de métastases osseuses. Le but du projet était d‟identifier et de caractériser les voies d‟entrées calciques associées à la migration cellulaire dépendante du canal SK3 dans différents cancers (sein, colon et prostate). Nous avons pu mettre en évidence que les canaux Ca2+qui étaient associés au canal SK3 variaient en fonction du cancer et régulaient la migration cellulaire dépendante du canal SK3. De plus, nous avons montré que la localisation de ces complexes KCa/Ca2+ dans les radeaux lipidiques était importante pour leur régulation et leur fonction. Ainsi, la délocalisation de ces complexes hors des radeaux lipidiques par des alkyl-phospholipides est un moyen permettant de moduler la migration des cellules exprimant le canal SK3 et le développement de métastases
In most cases of cancer, metastasis and not the primary tumor per se is the main cause of mortality. To establish secondary growth in distant organs cancer cells must develop an enhanced propensity to migrate. The key objective of this thesis proposes that some actors of Ca2+ signaling (Orai, and TRPC, STIM) coupled to SK3 channel would form complexes that play a critical role in cell migration of various cancers (breast, colon and prostate). Furthermore we showed that the localization of these channels complexes in lipid-rafts is essential to their regulation and function. Thus, the delocalization of these complexes of lipid-raft outside by alkyl-phospholipids could be a new way to modulate the SK3/Ca2+ dependent cell migration and metastasis development
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Mohr, Corinna Jasmin [Verfasser], und Robert [Akademischer Betreuer] Lukowski. „KCa channels in breast cancer development, progression and response to endocrine and radiation therapy / Corinna Jasmin Mohr ; Betreuer: Robert Lukowski“. Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1213720907/34.

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3

Rubo, Elisabete Aparecida Andrello. „Filmes policristalinos de (KCl + TlCl) e (KCl + YbCl3+ KCN): produção e caracterização“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2000. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/88/88131/tde-14112014-160113/.

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Motivados por trabalhos anteriores que analisaram diferentes comportamentos entre cristais e filmes policristalinos, relacionados com a cristalinidade e a concentração de impurezas, neste trabalho investigamos métodos de obtenção e processamento de filmes de haletos alcalinos dopados. Durante este trabalho foi montado um sistema de evaporação que disponibilizou a utilização de duas fontes de evaporação para a produção de amostras: resistiva e via feixe de elétrons. Apresentamos uma comparação entre resultados de caracterizações dos filmes produzidos e de monocristais existentes na literatura. A fim de se obter filmes dopados com impurezas mono e divalente e, também, duplamente dopados, alguns métodos alternativos de processamento foram investigados. A partir da comparação entre os sistemas KCl:(In +, Tl+ e Cu+) determinamos a dependência da cristalinidade em função do tamanho do íon dopante. O efeito da temperatura do substrato durante a evaporação foi investigado para o sistema KCl:Tl+, e comparado com resultados obtidos em filmes submetidos a tratamentos térmicos. Para a obtenção de filmes do sistema KCl:Yb2+:CN-, a preparação dos materiais precursores é um aspecto muito importante a ser considerado, a fim de se reproduzir nos filmes propriedades similares às dos monocristais. Nesse sentido, para evaporação foram utilizados o próprio cristal e pastilhas dos sais precursores obtidas a partir de técnicas de processamento cerâmico. A caracterização óptica dos filmes foi feita através de espectroscopia de absorção óptica e luminescência. A morfologia foi observada através de microscopia eletrônica de varredura e de força atômica, e a estrutura determinada por técnica de difração de raios X
The present work has been motivated by previous research on doped alkali halides films, that had been compared with single crystals, yielding different features, wich were related to crystallinity and impurity concentration. Preparation and processing techniques of doped alkali halides polycrystalline films have been investigated in this work. Two different evaporation sources have been used for samples production: resistive and via electron beam gun. Main results presented here are used to compare single crystals and films. In order to prepare single and double doped films, we have also tried several processing methods. From investigation of KCl:Tl+ system we have determined crystallinity dependency with impurity ion size. The KCl:Tl+ system has been used to verify the effect of substract temperature during evaporation. Results have been compared with films submited to thermal annealing. To obtain double doped KCI:Yb2+ :CN- films, we were very careful with preparation of precursor materials, since we intended to reproduce single crystals physical properties. Then, we have used single crystal itself for evaporation, besides pressed power pieces from precursor salts, obtained from ceramics processing technique. Optical absorption and photoluminescence have been carried out to perform optical characterization of evaporated films. Morphology has been observed by atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, and film structure has been observed by X-ray diffraction technique
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Mudau, Thivhulawi Sarah. „Tsenguluso ya kushumisele kwa mirero na maidioma kha vhafumakadzi kha manwala a Netshivhuyu na Sigogo“. Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/2451.

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(M. A. (African Languages)) --University of Limpopo, 2015
Ngudo ino yo sumbedza uri ho shumiswa mirero na maidioma manzhi kha u bvukulula vhuvha na nzulele ya vhafumakadzi kha maṅwalwa a Ṋetshivhuyu, M.J. na Sigogo, N.E. Ngudo yo tumbula uri kanzhi mirero na maidioma zwi shumiswa kha u tsikeledza vhafumakadzi fhethu hunzhi: mishumoni, mbinganoni, lufunoni na kha mavhusele. Tsikeledzo iyi i vha ya muhumbulo khathihi na ya ṋamani. Naho zwo ralo, ngudo yo wana uri hu na huṅwe hu si gathi hune mirero na maidioma zwa ṱuṱuwedza vhutshilo havhuḓi kha vhafumakadzi. Magumoni azwo, ngudo i themendela uri vhafumakadzi vha fanela u farwa zwavhuḓi, nge vha vha vhathu u fana na vhanna.
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Makumbane, Livhuwani Meriam. „Tsenguluso nga ha thuthuwedzo i bveledzwaho nga kushumiselwe kwa thekhinolodzhi kha Tshivenda“. Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/2357.

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Thesis (M. A.) --University of Limpopo, 2014
The research focused on the effects of technology on language, with special reference to Tshivenda. These effects pertain to various aspects such as communication, agriculture, socialization, health, arts, sports, initiation schools, economy, transport, beliefs, food, drinks and utensils. The study further revealed that technology has several positive results such as the creation of new words. The study also indicated the negative effects of technology on language. In this regard it concentrated on the diminishing of Tshivenḓa words which ultimately may in future lead to their extinction. Lastly the study urged all people to accept technology and used in wisely for the benefit of our future generation because it is here to stay.
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Netshitahame, Nyadzanga Evelyn. „Tsenguluso ya kubveledzele kwa vhuthu kha nganea dza Magau, A.W. na Maumela, E.T“. Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/2380.

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Thesis (M.A.) --University of Limpopo, 2012
The study deals with ubuntu as reflected in the selected novels of Magau, A.W and Maumela, E.T. Qualitative research method was employed. The study has discovered that ubuntu appears in many forms in Tshivenḓa such as respect for the dignity and worth of human beings, honesty, compassion, solidarity, generosity and forgiveness and reconciliation. The findings also reveal that Tshivenḓa puts more emphasis on activities which signify ubuntu than material wealth. The study also found that there are activities that are emical to ubuntu such as disrespect, dishonesty, cruelty, selfishness and greed and lack of forgiveness and reconciliation. Ubuntu occupies a central position amongst the Vhavenḓa and anyone who negates what ubuntu promotes and upholds has been regarded as non-human.
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Netshiavha, Avhatakali Rosemary. „Tsenguluso ya u tenda kha u via kha Tshivenda“. Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/1256.

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Thesis (MA. (Translation Studies and Linguistics)) --University of Limpopo, 2013
Ngudo iyi yo sengulusa u via kha Tshivenḓa. Hu na nḓila nnzhi dzine u tenda kha u via ha itelwa zwone. U tenda kha u via ndi zwa ndeme kha mvelele ya Tshivenḓa. Fhedzi maitele aya a u via a vhonala a si avhuḓi, nahone a tshi khou lwiwa nao uri a fhele.
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Vaidyanathan, Ranjini. „Thermostated Kac models“. Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/54446.

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We consider a model of N particles interacting through a Kac-style collision process, with m particles among them interacting, in addition, with a thermostat. When m = N, we show exponential approach to the equilibrium canonical distribution in terms of the L2 norm, in relative entropy, and in the Gabetta-Toscani-Wennberg (GTW) metric, at a rate independent of N. When m < N , the exponential rate of approach to equilibrium in L2 is shown to behave as m/N for N large, while the relative entropy and the GTW distance from equilibrium exhibit (at least) an "eventually exponential” decay, with a rate scaling as m/N^2 for large N. As an allied project, we obtain a rigorous microscopic description of the thermostat used, based on a model of a tagged particle colliding with an infinite gas in equilibrium at the thermostat temperature. These results are based on joint work with Federico Bonetto, Michael Loss and Hagop Tossounian.
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Holt, Jim, und Gregg Mitchell. „Cerebrovascular Disease KSA“. Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6458.

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Rebelo, Francine Pereira. „Kunhangue Mba'e Kua“. reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2015. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/160644.

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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Antropologia Social, Florianópolis, 2015.
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-19T04:04:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 337991.pdf: 6340046 bytes, checksum: b6fb8cc728dd2520cb90ebfc1a5e2e33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015
Esta dissertação tem como objetivo compreender quais os elementos permitiram que recentemente entre os Guarani Mbya emergissem lideranças políticas femininas, as chamadas cacicas. O estudo reflete sobre as implicações da atuação destas mulheres no cotidiano das comunidades nas quais estão inseridas, atentando principalmente ao contexto de lutas pela regulamentação de terras indígenas em Santa Catarina. A pesquisa foi feita através do acompanhamento de duas cacicas, Arminda Ribeiro (Para Poty) e Eunice Antunes (Kerexu Yxapyry), residentes respectivamente nas aldeias da Conquista (Jatay ty), localizada em Balneário Barra do Sul, e do Morro dos Cavalos (Itaty), localizada em Palhoça, ambos municípios do litoral de Santa Catarina. Através das trajetórias, depoimentos e entrevistas com as cacicas e outros/as indígenas Guarani Mbya, foi possível traçar um perfil destas lideranças e elucidar quais fatores possibilitaram o aparecimento dessas figuras como representantes políticas, assim como suas atuações e desafios no cenário político constituído pelas aldeias Guarani Mbya e sociedade envolvente. No que se refere aos aportes teóricos utilizados para compreensão da temática das cacicas Guarani Mbya, é necessário destacar que as teorias sobre mulheres indígenas enfrentam um impasse teórico marcado pela necessidade de junção de estudos sobre populações indígenas  os quais muitas vezes não levam em consideração as contribuições das mulheres indígenas e naturalizam ou negligenciam as representações de gênero dentro dos grupos indígenas e dos estudos de gênero  que ao refletir sobre  mulheres , muitas vezes as apresentam através de uma abordagem etnocêntrica e universalista, da qual as mulheres indígenas não fazem parte. Deste modo, para compreensão da problemática, foi necessário abordar a categoria gênero de forma que esta dialogasse com outras identidades discursivamente construídas, como raça, classe e etnia.

Abstract : This dissertation intends to comprehend the processes that allowed female political leadership  known as cacicas  among the Guarani Mbyá. The study approaches the implications of these women leadership in their communities daily life, focusing on the struggles for Amerindian land demarcation in Santa Catarina. The research was accomplished by following two cacicas, Arminda Ribeiro (Para Poty) who lives in Conquista (Jatay'ty), located in Balneário Barra do Sul, and Eunice Antunes (Kerexu Yxapyry), resident of Morro dos Cavalos (Itaty), located in Palhoça, both locations are along the cost of Santa Catarina. Through interviews, testimonies, and trajectories of the cacicas and other Guarani Mbyá people, it was possible to draw a leadership profile and clarify which factors and context have contributed for the emergence of these women as main political representatives, as well as their contribution and challenges in the political context established in the relation between the Guarani Mbyá and the surrounding society. In what regards the theories used for the comprehension of this theme, is important to stress that theories about indigenous women face theoretical obstacles in the ethnologies as well as feminist studies. Firstly, in the ethnologies studies, for not considering the native women contribution and naturalize or neglect the gender representations within the group itself; and, secondly, in relation to gender studies, which tends to think about  women through an ethnocentric and universal approach of which native women don t belong. To understand the issue it was necessary to approach the gender category in a way to allow a more direct dialogue with other identity concepts such as race, social class and ethnicity.
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Bücher zum Thema "KCA"

1

Guptā, Saṅgītā. Kaca-kaca. New Delhi: Children's Book Trust, 2005.

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Timbang, A. Mohammad. Kaca-kaca kristal. Bandar Seri Begawan, Negara Brunei Darussalam: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka Brunei, Kementerian Kebudayaan, Belia dan Sukan, 1995.

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Yu, Kyŏng-wŏn. Kka. 8. Aufl. Sŏul-si: Sŏul Midiŏ Laendŭ, 1998.

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Baker, Patrick J. Koa (Acacia koa) ecology and silviculture. [Albany, CA]: United States Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, 2009.

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Savchuk, Mykola. Khy-khy, kha-kha : novitni kolomyĭky. Ivano-Frankivsʹk: Oblvydav "Halychyna", 1991.

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Baker, Patrick J. Koa (Acacia koa) ecology and silviculture. [Albany, CA]: United States Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, 2009.

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Baker, Patrick J. Koa (Acacia koa) ecology and silviculture. Albany, CA]: United States Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, 2009.

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Baker, Patrick J. Koa (Acacia koa) ecology and silviculture. [Albany, CA]: United States Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, 2009.

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Ueno, Chizuko. Kazoku no kea kazoku e no kea. Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, 2008.

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Sekitar, Malaysia Jabatan Alam. Sejernih kaca. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2005.

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Buchteile zum Thema "KCA"

1

Loke, Andrew. „Ultimate Designer“. In The Teleological and Kalam Cosmological Arguments Revisited, 333–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94403-2_8.

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AbstractI explain how philosophy, science and theology can continue to work together concerning the issue of ultimate origins. In reply to the objection that we should try to find a scientific explanation rather than accepting the conclusion of design, the KCA-TA demonstrates that the ultimate explanation cannot be a scientific one, because the first event must have been brought about by a First Cause with libertarian freedom and not by a mechanism describable by a law of nature. Moreover, the KCA-TA is not a God-of-the-gaps argument because it is not based on gaps in our understanding which can be filled by further progress in science. Rather, the KCA-TA is based on reasons. For example, it is because there are reasons for thinking that an infinite regress of causes is impossible, therefore there must be a First Cause. While the progress of science would generate newer theories to explain various aspects of the physical world, it would not replace the First Cause (Creator) as the ultimate explanation for why the physical world exists in the first place, as demonstrated by the KCA-TA.
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Loke, Andrew. „Introducing the Quest for an Explanation“. In The Teleological and Kalam Cosmological Arguments Revisited, 1–36. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94403-2_1.

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AbstractContemporary formulations of the Teleological Argument (TA) and Kalām Cosmological Argument (KCA) involve considerations of both philosophy and scientific cosmology. Against scientism, cosmologist George Ellis observes, with respect to the criteria for a good scientific theory (internal consistency, explanatory power, etc.), that ‘these criteria are philosophical in nature in that they themselves cannot be proven to be correct by any experiment. Rather their choice is based on past experience combined with philosophical reflection’. In view of the importance of philosophical considerations, cosmologists should not merely construct models of the universe without considering the philosophical problems associated with certain models, such as problems concerning the traversing of an actual infinite and the violation of the Causal Principle. This book develops these arguments in engagement with modern science. Against the New Verificationism proposed by Ladyman et al., I show that mathematics and the laws of logic are both necessary for science and yet also knowable a priori. The necessity of the laws of logic implies that the conclusion of a deductively valid argument from true premises must be true, and I shall show in this book that the KCA-TA is such an argument. I note that a number of objections to the TA and KCA can be addressed by combining them, and I provide a new formulation of the KCA-TA.
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Liu, Yanping, und David D. Gutterman. „Interaction of Nitric Oxide and Related Radical Species With KCa Channels“. In Signal Transduction and the Gasotransmitters, 123–36. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-806-9_6.

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Heppner, Thomas J., Gerald M. Herrera, Adrian D. Bonev, David Hill-Eubanks und Mark T. Nelson. „Ca2+ Sparks and KCa Channels: Novel Mechanisms to Relax Urinary Bladder Smooth Muscle“. In Bladder Disease, Part A, 347–57. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8889-8_26.

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Dubuis, Eric, Prem Kumar, Pierre Bonnet und Christophe Vandier. „Carbon Monoxide-Induced Alterations in the Expression of KCa Channels in Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle Cells“. In Signal Transduction and the Gasotransmitters, 259–72. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-806-9_15.

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Lansner, Anders, Jeanette Hellgren Kotaleski, Maria Ullström und Sten Grillner. „Local Spinal Modulation of the KCA Channel Underlying Slow Adaptation in a Model of The Lamprey CPG“. In Computational Neuroscience, 429–34. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4831-7_71.

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Köhler, Ralf, und Aida Olivan-Viguera. „Ca2+/Calmodulin-Gated Small- and Intermediate-Conductance KCa Channels in Cardiovascular Regulation: Targets for Novel Pharmacological Treatments“. In Vascular Ion Channels in Physiology and Disease, 101–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29635-7_5.

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Loke, Andrew. „What the First Cause Is“. In The Teleological and Kalam Cosmological Arguments Revisited, 247–96. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94403-2_6.

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AbstractI show that the First Cause is not a series of changes (= events) describable by physical laws; rather, it is initially changeless and brought about the first event with the physical laws. It is distinct from the physical universe which is constantly changing according to quantum physics, and which does not have ‘the capacity to be the originator of an event in a way that is un-determined by prior event, and the capacity to prevent itself from changing’, which a First Cause must have. Thus, the First Cause cannot be part of the physical universe as postulated by Hawking’s no boundary proposal, which in any case is unproven and scientifically flawed. Rather, the First Cause is uncaused, beginningless, initially changeless, has libertarian freedom, and is enormously powerful, that is, a transcendent immaterial Creator. I reply to Thomistic objections and show that the conclusion of the Kalām Cosmological Argument (KCA) and the doctrine of creatio ex nihilo are consistent with both relational and substantival views of time, and with dynamic and static theories of time, and with both Craig’s Hybrid view (the First Cause is timeless sans creation and in time with creation) and the view of the Oxford School, both of which are defensible.
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Posypaiko, V. I., und E. A. Alekseeva. „KCl“. In Phase Equilibria in Binary Halides, 234–62. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-9024-4_93.

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Brown, J. M. „KCH“. In Landolt-Börnstein - Group II Molecules and Radicals, 1–3. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11313410_37.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "KCA"

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Radojcic, D. D. „Mathematical Model of Segmental Section Propeller Series for Open-Water and Cavitating Conditions Applicable in CAD“. In SNAME Propellers '88 Symposium. SNAME, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/pss-1988-05.

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A major purpose of this paper has been directed toward mathematical representation of Gawn-Burrill KCA flat-faced, segmental section propeller series for open-water characteristics and the more difficult problem of representing the cavitating regime. Regression technique was applied and polynomials are given for thrust and torque coefficients for both environments. Selecting of optimal propeller can be accomplished by computer-aided techniques utilizing the mathematical model described herein.
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Calzetta, Luigino, Paola Rogliani, Francesco Cavalli, Ermanno Puxeddu, Francesco Facciolo, Mario Cazzola und Maria Gabriella Matera. „Protein tyrosin kinase and KCa++ cannel: two faces of the same coin in LABA/LAMA synergy“. In ERS International Congress 2017 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/1393003.congress-2017.oa4407.

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Stanojević, Marija, Olivera Grujičić, Svetolik Spasić, Srđan Lopičić, Sanjin Kovaćević, Jelena Nešović Ostojić, Vladimir Nedeljkov, Zorica Jovanović und Sonja Vučković. „Effects of KCa channel activator NS1619 on parameters оf Ni2+-induced epileptiform activity of leech Retzius neurons“. In RAD Conference. RAD Centre, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21175/rad.spr.abstr.book.2022.22.5.

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Chreim, Jose Rodolfo, Marcos de Mattos Pimenta, Joao Lucas Dozzi Dantas, Gustavo R. S. Assi und Eduardo Tadashi Katsuno. „Development of a Lifting-Line-Based Method for Preliminary Propeller Design“. In ASME 2018 37th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2018-77995.

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A novel formulation for marine propellers based on adaptations from wing lifting-line theory is presented; the method is capable of simulating propellers with skewed and raked blades. It also incorporates the influence of viscosity on thrust and torque from hydrofoil data through a nonlinear scheme that changes the location of the control points iteratively. Several convergence studies are conducted to verify the different aspects of the numerical implementation and the results indicate satisfactory convergence rates for Kaplan, KCA, and B-Troost propellers. It is expected that the method accurately describes thrust, torque, and efficiency under the moderately loaded propeller assumption.
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Kellenberger, T., W. Schubiger und K. Itten. „Object Oriented Land Cover Mapping of the Kanchenjunga Conservation Area (KCA) in Nepal, for Sustainable Development and Use of Natural Resources“. In 2006 IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2006.612.

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Gitonga, Rhoda, Maina Muuro und David Nzuki. „Students experiences of using Wiki spaces to support collaborative learning in a blended classroom: A case of Kenyatta and KCA universities in Kenya“. In 2014 IST-Africa Conference & Exhibition. IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/istafrica.2014.6880606.

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de Cazenove, Jean, Moustapha Mbaye, Jean-Philippe Ousty und Scott Cogan. „A Contribution to the Reduced-Order Analysis of Bladed Disks Using Combined Approximations for Quick Campbell Diagrams Assessment“. In ASME Turbo Expo 2015: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2015-43701.

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This paper proposes an original approach to the reduced-order modelling of integrally bladed disks. It is proposed to build a reduction basis which is independent from the rotational speed, from only one modal, cyclic-symmetry calculation performed at rest, and a few static computations. Based on previous works, a polynomial expansion is used which leads to a parametric approximation of the stiffness matrix for the entire operating range. Furthermore, the Kirsch Combined Approximation (KCA) method is used for building the final reduction basis. This method is based on successive approximations of the negative binomial expansion applied to the reanalysis eigenproblem. After giving a general overview of the main theoretical aspects, the paper focuses on the reanalysis problem based on the combined approximations method. Finally, the application of the extended reduction method to the case of a real bladed disk is presented. It is shown that the use of combined approximations provides a very accurate estimation of a Campbell diagram, and allows substantial computational time savings.
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Gao, Jin, Qi Yuan, Pu Li, Hongtao Zhang und Zhiqiang Lv. „Effects of Bending Moments and Pre-Tightening Forces on the Flexural Stiffness of Contact Interfaces in Rod-Fastened Rotors“. In ASME Turbo Expo 2012: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2012-68221.

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The rod-fastened rotor is comprised of a series of discs clamped together by a central tie rod or several tie rods on the pitch circle diameter. The equivalent flexural stiffness of contact interfaces in the rod-fastened rotor is the key concern for accurate rotor dynamic performance analysis. Each contact interface was modeled as a bending spring with stiffness of Kc and a hinge in this study. The contact states of the contact interfaces which depend on the pre-tightening forces and bending moments (static) have effects on Kc. The approach to calculating Kc in two contact states is presented. The first contact state is that the whole zone of the contact interface is in contact, Kc is determined by the contact layer which consists of asperities of the contact surfaces. Hertz contact theory and the GW (Greenwood and Williamson) statistical model are used to calculate the equivalent flexural stiffness of the contact layer Kcc. The second contact state is that some zones of the contact interface are separated (when the bending moment is relative large), the equivalent flexural stiffness of the rotor segment Ksf (not include Kcc) decreases as the material in the separated zone has no contribution to the bending load carrying capacity of the rotor. The strain energy which is calculated by the finite element method (FEM) is used to determine Ksf. The stiffness Ksf is equivalent to the series stiffness of the discs of the rotor segment with flexural stiffness of Kd and a spring with bending stiffness of Kcf in the location of the contact interface, so Kc is equal to the series stiffness of Kcc and Kcf in the second contact state. The results of a simplified rod-fastened rotor indicate that for a fixed pre-tightening force, Kcc decreases with bending moments in the first contact state whereas increases with bending moments in the second contact state. In addition, Kcf and Kc decreases abruptly with the increase of bending moments in the second contact state when the rotor is subjected to a relatively large pre-tightening force. Finally, the multipoint exciting method was used to measure the modal parameters of the experimental rod-fastened rotor. It is found that the experimental modal frequencies decrease as the pre-tightening force decreases.
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Hongtu, Li, Hu Liang, Yuan Wei und Chu Jianfeng. „Certificateless Authenticated Key Agreement Protocol against KCI and KRA“. In 2011 International Conference on Network Computing and Information Security (NCIS). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ncis.2011.51.

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Jingjing Dong, Tianzhen Wang, Tianhao Tang, M. E. H. Benbouzid, Zhuo Liu und Diju Gao. „Application of a KPCA-KICA-HSSVM hybrid strategy in bearing fault detection“. In 2016 IEEE 8th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference (IPEMC 2016 - ECCE Asia). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ipemc.2016.7512578.

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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "KCA"

1

Baker, Patrick J., Paul G. Scowcroft und John J. Ewel. Koa (Acacia koa) ecology and silviculture. Albany, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/psw-gtr-211.

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García Ferro, Luz Ángela, Elba N. Luna, Lorena Rodríguez, Micha Van Waesberghe und Darinka Vásquez Jordán. Knowledge to Action (K2A). Inter-American Development Bank, Juni 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0009036.

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This document describes the 'Knowledge to Action' methodology, which produces and organizes actionable 'Key Learnings' for re-use by their target audience. Key Learnings captured from individual projects can help teams solve current operational challenges and improve performance indicators. The cumulative capture of Key Learnings from multiple projects in a specific country, (sub-)sector, or business process allow for the compilation and validation of a critical mass of relevant knowledge, which can be disseminated effectively through an integrated online knowledge base and/or be leveraged to develop or update training or other capacity building efforts.
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Gil, Yolanda. KCAP K-CAP Conference Support. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, März 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada403428.

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Housley, R., P. Yee und W. Nace. Encryption using KEA and SKIPJACK. RFC Editor, Februar 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc2773.

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Guede-Rojas, Francisco, Alexis Benavides-Villanueva, Sergio Salgado-González, Cristhian Mendoza, Gonzalo Arias-Álvarez und Claudio Carvajal-Parodi. Effect of strength training on knee proprioception in patients with knee osteoarthritis. A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, Mai 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.5.0102.

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Review question / Objective: To analyze the effect of strength training (ST) on knee proprioception in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Condition being studied: KOA is a chronic and degenerative joint disease characterized by articular cartilage loss, marginal bone hypertrophy, and inflammatory involvement of periarticular tissue of the knee. Symptoms of KOA are pain, stiffness, reduced range of motion, and muscle weakness, although proprioception may also be affected, contributing to the associated functional limitation.
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Waters, A., H. Martz, C. Logan, J. Gross und D. Chinn. KCAT Performance Summary - Update, Rev 1. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15014577.

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Housley, R., T. Horting und P. Yee. TELNET Authentication Using KEA and SKIPJACK. RFC Editor, September 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc2951.

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Loiacono, G. M. Preparation of Single Domain KTA Crystals. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, Februar 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada298861.

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Dawson, Douglas. KC-130J Transport Aircraft (KC-130J). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ad1019430.

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AIR FORCE LIFE CYCLE MGMT CENTER. KC-46A Tanker Modernization (KC-46A). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, Dezember 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada614837.

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