Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Journaux – Édition – 2000-“

RÉSUMÉLe principal objectif de cet article est d’encourager une approche plus large, supraconfessionnelle, du mariage et de la famille à l’époque moderne. La conjugalité a été “désacralisée” par les réformateurs protestants du 16e siècle. Martin Luther, parmi d’autres, a refusé le statut de sacrement au mariage, tout en valorisant celui-ci comme une arme contre le péché. En réaction, le concile de Trente a réaffirmé avec force que le mariage est bien un des sept sacrements chrétiens. Mais, promouvant la supériorité du célibat, l’Église catholique n’a jamais beaucoup insisté sur les vertus de la vie et de la piété familiales avant le 19e siècle. En parallèle, les historiens décèlent des signes de “sacralisation” de la famille protestante à partir du 16e siècle. Leurs conclusions doivent être relativisées à la lumière de recherches plus récentes et plus critiques, centrées sur les rapports et les représentations de genre. Elles peuvent néanmoins inspirer une étude élargie et comparative, inexistante dans l’historiographie traditionnelle, des réalités et des perceptions de la famille chrétienne au-delà des frontières confessionnelles.MOTS-CLÉ: Époque Moderne, mariage, famille, protestantisme, Concile de TrenteABSTRACTThe main purpose of this paper is to encourage a broader supra-confessional approach to the history of marriage and the family in the Early Modern era. Wedlock was “desacralized” by the Protestant reformers of the 16th century. Martin Luther, among others, denied the sacramental status of marriage but valued it as a weapon against sin. In reaction, the Council of Trent reinforced marriage as one of the seven sacraments. But the Catholic Church, which promoted the superiority of celibacy, did little to defend the virtues of family life and piety before the 19th century. In parallel, historians have identified signs of a “sacralization” of the Protestant family since the 16th century. 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O artigo se propõe a fazer uma leitura do processo de escrita do primeiro dos cinco cadernos de Marguerite Duras publicados em 1985 sob o título La douleur. O caderno contempla o período em que Marguerite espera notícias de seu marido Robert Antelme, membro da resistência deportado pelos alemães, até seu retorno. Buscamos perceber como a escrita do relato de Duras se constrói, e como se ressignifica como a ancoragem que possibilita a esse corpo que espera não só narrar, mas sobretudo sobreviver ao horror e à dor aos quais é exposto. REFERÊNCIAS ADLER, Laure. Marguerite Duras. Paris: Gallimard, 1998. ALEKSIÉVITCH, Svetlana. A guerra não tem rosto de mulher. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 2016. ANTELME, Robert. L’espèce humaine. Paris: Gallimard, 1957. COUTINHO, Ana Paula. Escrever entre ruínas: Marguerite Duras e a dor da memória. Libretos, n. 4, p. 121-136, abr. 2015. DIDI-HUBERMAN, Georges. Essayer Voir. Paris: Minuit, 2014. DURAS, Marguerite. Cahiers de la guerre et autres textes. Édition établie par Sophie Bogaert et Olivier Corpet. Paris: P.O.L., 2006. ______. Escrever. Tradução Rubens Figueiredo. Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, 1994. ______. La douleur. Paris: P.O.L., 1985. ______. Outside – Notas à margem. Tradução Maria Filomena Duarte. São Paulo: DIFEL, 1983. IMBERT, David Conte. La doble espera de Robert Antelme y Marguerite Duras (una ilustración) 1616: Anuario de Literatura Comparada, n. 4, p. 169-199, 2014. JOUVENOT, Christian. La folie de Marguerite: Marguerite Duras et sa mère. Paris: L’Harmattan, 2008. KÈGLE, Christiane. Écrire la douleur de la disparition. Marguerite Duras à propos de Robert Antelme. Frontières, v. 27, n. 1–2, 2015, 2016. Disponível em: https://www.erudit.org/en/journals/fr/2015-v27-n1-2-fr02596/1037078ar/. Acesso em: 13 jul. 2021. NESTROVSKI, Arthur; SELIGMANN-SILVA, Márcio. Apresentação. In: NESTROVSKI, Arthur; SELIGMANN-SILVA, Márcio (orgs.) Catástrofe e representação. São Paulo: Escuta, 2000. SARLO, Beatriz. Tempo passado: cultura da memória e guinada subjetiva. Tradução Rosa Freire d’Aguiar. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras; Belo Horizonte: UFMG, 2007.

Plants for medicinal purposes are considered as the main source of health care for the majority of the world population. In order to promote medicinal plants in Algeria, the present work aimed to assess the physico-chemical characterization, hemolytic, and antioxidant activities of Ammodaucus leucotrichus essential oil of an endemic plant from south-west of Algeria. The plant was harvested from the region of Bechar (south-west of Algeria). The oil was obtained by hydrodistillation method using Clevenger apparatus. The antioxidant activity of the oil was carried out using DPPH scavenging assay, and its effect on erythrocyte cells was evaluated by measuring the hemolytic degree. The obtained results showed that this oil presented a low antioxidant activity compared to positive control (ascorbic acid). The hemolytic activity was very low since the oil diluted to 1/10, while it was low in the pure state. 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In this paper, it is discuss the points raised from a pilot study for qualitative research planning. The argumentation present here is the result of a pilot study that focused the games of mathematical language on teacher training for rural schools. The data production took place in the Federal University of Reconcâvo Baiano, campus of Feira de Santana, state of Bahia, Brazil. The pilot study did not only provide insights for the research, but for any qualitative inquiry. Based on that, it is suggest that pilot study raises questions for reviewing a qualitative research planning in at least six dimensions: ethical, methodological, theoretical, analytical, operational and representational.ResumoNeste artigo, são discutidas as potencialidades do estudo piloto para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa qualitativa. A argumentação ora apresentada é fruto de um estudo piloto que focalizou os jogos de linguagem matemáticos na formação de professores do campo. A produção de dados ocorreu no curso de Licenciatura em Educação do Campo com Habilitações em Ciências da Natureza e Matemática em uma universidade pública no interior da Bahia, Brasil. O estudo piloto dessa pesquisa não gerou insights apenas para o delineamento da referida pesquisa, mas para qualquer investigação qualitativa. Baseado nisso, argumenta-se que o estudo piloto levanta questões para o refinamento do planejamento da pesquisa, pelo menos, em seis dimensões: ética, metodológica, teórica, analítica, operacional e representacional.Keywords: Pilot study, Qualitative research, Research Planning.Palavras-chave: Estudo piloto, Pesquisa qualitativa, Planejamento da pesquisa.ReferencesARAIN, Mubashir et al. What is a pilot or feasibility study? A review of current practice and editorial policy. BMC Medical Research Methodology. UK, jul. 2010. Disponível em: <https://bmcmedresmethodol.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/1471-2288-10-67>. Acesso em: 21 set. 2017.ARNOLD, Donald et al. 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Alors que la création de valeur demeure un objectif légitime et naturel de l’évolution d’une firme, cette recherche a montré que les éditeurs de presse d’information se trouvent, depuis le début du XXIe siècle, d’une part, dans une situation financière dégradée et subséquemment dans une spirale de destruction massive de valeur au point de mettre en péril leur pérennité – certains étant d’ailleurs en faillite virtuelle – et, d’autre part, dans l’incapacité à l’horizon 2016, au-delà du simple équilibre opérationnel, d’inverser la tendance, dès lors que le raisonnement se conduit à périmètre structurel constant. Pour autant, en considérant une interdépendance systémique de plusieurs facteurs d’influence – des déterminants de la performance qui puisent leur origine dans l’histoire et la nature même du bien informationnel et qui s’enrichissent d’éléments structurels et environnementaux –, et en acceptant que chaque industrie ne soit plus que le maillon d’une chaîne de valeur globale dans laquelle l’éditeur n’a plus le monopole, il ressort, par une mise en scène de différents scenarii construits, entre prévision et prospective, sur une période allant de 2010 à 2020, que les différentes conditions requises pour une dynamique vertueuse, malgré les pierres d’achoppement possibles, s’articulent autour de trois axes majeurs – reconquête des marchés, recherche de marges de manoeuvre opérationnelles et financières, changement de référentiel. La dynamique se construit dans un enchaînement de circonstances contraint, ajusté et structuré en trois grandes étapes, qui permet finalement à quelques groupes de se réorganiser pour constituer des firmes de taille critique et ainsi dégager, grâce à une équation de valeur efficiente, simplement réajustée et différenciée, les moyens de migrer vers ce nouveau paradigme informationnel né de cet univers numérique
Creating value is the natural aim of any private company. This study shows however that from the beginning of the 21st century print media publishers have been losing money and getting into a spiral of value-destruction so vicious as to jeopardise their very survival. Some are practically bankrupt. Nor is there any sign they will have turned the corner or even be breaking even by 2016 if the industry doesn’t restructure. There are three ways for print media firms to turn this round and regain positive momentum: recapturing market-share, improving their operational freedom and their margins and changing market perception. To do this however they will need to understand and take account of some big and interrelated themes – the ways in which the new uses of data, its ‘history’, its location and its very nature have enriched the value of information itself. They will also need to accept that publishers no longer have a monopoly of information and that they are only a link in a global value chain. To reach this conclusion the study runs a range of scenarios comparing confident short term forecasts and foresights for the longer term, from 2010 to 2020. We find that there will probably be three key stages of constraint, change and restructuring. A few publishers probably will manage to reorganise themselves, reach critical size and create value in this new world. To do so they will have a profoundly new and efficient value-creation ‘equation’, readjusted and differentiated from what has gone before. It is this that will allow them to migrate into and flourish in the new informational paradigm born from this digital universe

Cette thèse est d'abord une étude sémiologique du dispositif technique et du dispositif formel des journaux d'actualité générale sur le Web. Cet ensemble de formes est envisagé comme une expression privilégiée de l'énonciation éditoriale. L'étude montre comment le dispositif co-produit le journal et son omniprésence lors de la consultation Elle affirme aussi clairement la responsabilité éditoriale. L'analyse d'un corpus international témoigne des tensions existant entre une instance éditoriale qui s'affiche ostensiblement et l'apparente neutralité des informations présentées et calibrées au sein de structures tabulaires. Les éditeurs, désireux de signifier la richesse de leur site et leur maîtrise du flux informationnel, proposent une quantité importante d'informations gérées de façon automatique au sein d'une maquette préprogrammée. Quantité et concentration laissent dès lors fort peu de place pour une mise en valeur de l'actualité au sein de ce dispositif qui impose une fragmentation importante. L'étude des temporalités des sites révèle l'existence de trois registres essentiels: l'éphémère d'une actualité renouvelée, la permanence d'informations disponibles plus longtemps, le stockage d'articles intégrés aux archives. Le journal sur le Web emprunte à la fois aux agences d'information et aux bases de données. Les éditeurs visent le public le plus large possible et tente de le maintenir à l'intérieur de leurs sites grâce aux liens hypertextes autoréférentiels. Prégnance de la technique, fragmentation, calibrage et automatisation constituent des ingrédients essentiels au journal sur le Web. Il appartient ainsi au lecteur de créer, in fine, le seul lien qui importe : celui du sens
This thesis is primarily a semiological study of the technical and formal devices employed by mainstream daily newspapers on the web. Form is considered as an essential means of editorial communication. This study, which clearly asserts the responsibility of the editorial instance, reveals that the devices co-produce the newspaper and are omnipresent throughout the visit. Study of an international corpus reveals the tension between an ostensibly present editorship and the seeming neutrality of the information presented and graded in boxes. Editors are eager to flag the diversity of their web sites and their mastery of informational flux and present substantial amounts of information controlled semi-automatically within pre-fabricated layouts. The sheer volume and density of information all but pre-empt any possible privileging of news items within such a format that necessarily induces substantial fragmentation. A study of the temporal evolution of the web sites reveals three major registers : ephemeral and rapidly updated news stories, more permanent information, and the storage of articles in an archive. Online newspapers function both as news agencies and databases. The editors seek to capture the widest possible public and try to keep them within the site through internal hypertext links. Fragmentation, hierarchisation and automation are the main ingredients of the online paper. It is thus up to the reader to create the most important links - the links of meaning