Thematische Bibliographien / Joint interpretation

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Joint interpretation“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 25. Mai 2024

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Joint interpretation"

Ohlin, Jens David. „Joint Criminal Confusion“. New Criminal Law Review 12, Nr. 3 (2009): 406–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/nclr.2009.12.3.406.

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Article 25 on individual criminal responsibility has generated more conflicting interpretations than any other provision in the Rome Statute. Part of the problem is that it is impossible to construct a coherent and nonredundant interpretation of Article 25(3)(d) on group complicity. Because of unfortunate drafting, both the required contribution and the required mental element are impossible to discern from the inscrutable language. As a result, it is nearly impossible to devise a holistic interpretation of Article 25(3)(d) that fits together with the rest of Article 25 and Article 30 on mental elements. One possible solution is to repair Article 25 with an amendment that replaces Article 25(3)(d) with a clear provision specifically incorporating some joint liability doctrine, albeit a version that excludes the worst excesses of the doctrine known as joint criminal enterprise.

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Sunil Kumar, K., und U. B. Desai. „Joint segmentation and image interpretation“. Pattern Recognition 32, Nr. 4 (April 1999): 577–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-3203(98)00006-5.

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Haryanto, Haryanto, Asbar Asbar und Hamsiah Hamsiah. „ANALISIS TINGKAT KERUSAKAN DAN VALUASI EKONOMI HUTAN MANGROVE DI PERAIRAN PANTAI DESA NISOMBALIA KECAMATAN MARUSU KABUPATEN MAROS“. JOURNAL OF INDONESIAN TROPICAL FISHERIES (JOINT-FISH) : Jurnal Akuakultur, Teknologi Dan Manajemen Perikanan Tangkap, Ilmu Kelautan 3, Nr. 1 (27.06.2020): 40–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.33096/joint-fish.v3i1.64.

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This study aimed to analyze the potential of mangrove resources in the study area, analyze the damage to mangrove forests in the study area, and formulate management strategies in the research area that repair mangrove damage. The method used in this study is the analysis of the level of damage based on a direct survey of mangrove conditions, interpretation of Landsat 8 imagery for changes in mangrove cover area, interviews and questionnaires for mangrove economic valuations and SWOT analysis for strategic direction directives. results obtained from mangrove conditions for Rhizopora apiculata showed the highest percentage of closure was 57.81%. The results of image interpretation also showed a reduction and additional area from 2015 to 2019 and for the total economic value in the village of Nisombalia at the time of the study amounted to 35,442,557,718 Million Rupiah. There are 2 directions of mangrove ecosystem rehabilitation strategies which are the main priorities in Nisombalia Village, namely: 1) Restoring mangrove functions in accordance with the ecological rehabilitation space pattern, 2) procurement of mangrove cultivation facilities (nurseries and seedlings) which are managed directly by the community.

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Asri, Haryanto. „PEMETAAN PERUBAHAN LUASAN HUTAN MANGROVE DENGAN MENGUNAKAN CITRA SATELIT LANDSAT 8 DI PULAU KARAMPUANG KABUPATEN MAMUJU SULAWESI BARAT“. JOURNAL OF INDONESIAN TROPICAL FISHERIES (JOINT-FISH) : Jurnal Akuakultur, Teknologi Dan Manajemen Perikanan Tangkap, Ilmu Kelautan 5, Nr. 2 (26.12.2022): 139–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.33096/joint-fish.v5i2.126.

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This study aims to determine the extent of the distribution of mangrove forests in the last 5 years starting from 2017 – 2021. This research was carried out for 1 month, from 1 – 30 April, 2022 on Karampuang Island, Mamuju Regency, West Sulawesi. The method used in this study is the interpretation of Landsat 8 imagery for changes in the area of mangrove cover from 2017 – 2021 and the RGB color composite used is 563. The use of this composite is considered to be able to highlight aspects of the differences between mangrove forests and non-mangrove forests. The results of image interpretation also show a reduction and increase in area from 2017 to 2021. The area of mangrove forests on Karampuang Island fluctuates, namely in 2018 there was an increase in area of 2.16 ha in 2019 there was a reduction in area of 9.02 ha in 2018. In 2020 there will be another reduction of 0.2 ha and in 2021 there will be an addition of 2.59 ha.

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Yu, Chen. „The “Externalities” of Joint Interpretations in Investment Arbitration: Learning from the Past“. Law & Practice of International Courts and Tribunals 22, Nr. 1 (03.03.2023): 194–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718034-bja10089.

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Abstract The joint interpretation mechanism is gaining increasing attention in the recent practice and study of international investment law. In the past, the NAFTA Free Trade Commission exercised this interpretative authority by issuing the controversial Notes of Interpretation which limit the scope of fair and equitable treatment (FET) to customary international law. While much has been debated about the legitimacy of the Notes in the context of NAFTA arbitration, this article examines its influence on tribunals not bound by it (i.e. non-NAFTA tribunals). An extensive review of cases shows that non-NAFTA tribunals are generally cautious about directly applying the Notes to their own interpretation, while some followed NAFTA precedents shaped by the Notes. Considering the possible proliferation of the joint interpretation mechanism in the future, this article further examines the role of third states’ joint interpretations in treaty interpretation through the lens of Articles 31 and 32 of the VCLT.

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Goni, Agustina, Abdul Rauf und Muhammad Asbar. „ANALISIS PERUBAHAN GARIS PANTAI DAN STRATEGI PENGELOLAANNYA DI PANTAI BARAT SULAWESI SELATAN“. JOURNAL OF INDONESIAN TROPICAL FISHERIES (JOINT-FISH) : Jurnal Akuakultur, Teknologi Dan Manajemen Perikanan Tangkap, Ilmu Kelautan 1, Nr. 1 (01.12.2018): 89–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.33096/joint-fish.v1i1.24.

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This study aims to: (1) analyze changes in coastlines that experience accretion and coastal abrasion; (2) analyze oceanographic factors that influence changes in coastline; (3) formulate direction of management strategies in the research areas that experience accretion and abrasion. In addition, it is expected to be able to provide information to stakeholders as a material consideration in taking the policy of managing the coastal areas of Pangkep and Pinrang Regencies. The method used in this study is analysis of shoreline changes based on survey and mapping methods, interpretation of SPOT 6 images for shoreline changes and SWOT analysis for strategy direction determination. The results of image interpretation show that the extent of shoreline changes that occurred in Pangkep Regency amounted to 38.74 Ha in the form of accretion and 13.99 Ha in the form of abrasion, whereas for Pinrang Regency the extent of shoreline change was 158.15 Ha which experienced accretion and 41.88 Ha in the form of abrasion. The results of the Coastal Coastal Management Strategy analysis based on the results of the analysis carried out there are 4 things that become tactical decisions for recommendations in coastal management efforts, namely; make special areas for coastal security and coastal conservation naturally; law enforcement and institutional strengthening; provide special allocation of space for safeguards and coastal protection; improving the quality of human resources around the coast.

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Bekova, Zh K., A. Islam und G. Bauyrzhan. „Strategies of consecutive interpretation in joint press conferences“. Bulletin of the Karaganda university Philology series 112, Nr. 4 (30.12.2023): 36–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.31489/2023ph4/36-43.

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This article deals with problems of interpretation of political discourse in joint press conference. Novelty of research is identified by the lack of domestic publications in the field of Translation studies on press conferences in the context of Kazakhstan’s foreign policy. Article examines characteristic features of consecutive interpretation of political media discourse. The need of effective strategies that help to provide adequate interpretation is identified and justified. On the basis of the study the authors suggest that backgroundknowledge on communicative situation enables interpreter to solve tasks caused by time deficiency and different semantic structures. It is proved that use of compression, decompression and re-ordering string in consecutive interpretation is key to reach communicative equivalence in target text. Results show that juxtaposition of strategies in one discursive segment illustrates that inherent cognitive feature of interpretation process. Article consists of literature review, methods of research, description and analyses of research material.

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Jerez, Daniel, German Laissle, Carlos Fuenzalida, Loreto Castellon und Jaime Mayorga. „Can a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the temporomandibular joint predict disc perforation?“ American Journal of Diagnostic Imaging 10, Nr. 2 (2024): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/ajdi.20240417122359.

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Background Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is widely regarded as the gold standard for diagnosing internal derangement; however, its accuracy in detecting disc perforations varies. Objectives: 1) identify MRI features correlating with disc perforation, 2) identify preoperative variables correlating with disc perforation, and 3) develop a predictive model to ascertain the presence of disc perforation. Materials and Methods This cohort study involved 92 patients who underwent arthroscopic surgery to identify associated variables. Arthroscopically verified disc perforation was considered the primary predictor variable, while MRI interpretation of disc perforation served as the primary outcome variable. Demographic data, patient signs, and symptoms were treated as covariates. Statistical analyses were conducted at a significance level of 5%. Logistic regression models were employed to predict disc perforation, and diagnostic accuracy was assessed using ROC curves. Results Among the 155 joints analyzed (92 patients: 135 females, 20 males), MRI interpretations did not significantly correlate with verified disc perforation (p < 0.218), demonstrating 14.3% sensitivity and 92.5% specificity. Age, symptomatic onset, joint noise type, osteoarthritis diagnosis, altered disc shape, and Wilkes classification exhibited significant associations (p < 0.05). A logistic regression model utilized associated variables for predicting disc perforation. Risk factors included symptom onset time, joint crepitus, osteoarthrosis diagnosis by MRI; joint click was considered protective. Conclusion The model demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy (AUC of 0.836, 95% CI 0.76–0.91). While MRI interpretation was unreliable, our model accurately predicted disc perforation. Identification of these factors could inform surgical decisions

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Povinelli, Daniel J., und Timothy J. Eddy. „Chimpanzees: Joint Visual Attention“. Psychological Science 7, Nr. 3 (Mai 1996): 129–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.1996.tb00345.x.

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Gaze following is a behavior that draws the human infant into perceptual contact with objects or events in the world to which others are attending One interpretation of the development of this phenomenon is that it signals the emergence of joint or shared attention, which may be critical to the development of theory of mind An alternative interpretation is that gaze following is a noncognitive mechanism that exploits social stimuli in order to orient the infant (or adult) to important events in the world We report experimental results that chimpanzees display the effect in response to both movement of the head and eyes in concert and eye movement alone Additional tests indicate that chimpanzees appear able to (a) project an imaginary line of sight through invisible space and (b) understand how that line of sight can be impeded by solid, opaque objects This capacity may have arisen because of its reproductive payoffs in the context of social competition with conspecifics, predation avoidance, or both

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Fauzi, Irfan, Danial Sultan und Abdul Rauf. „KAJIAN PERUBAHAN GARIS PANTAI DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN TEKNOLOGI PENGINDRAAN JAUH DI WILAYAH PESISIR KECAMATAN SINJAI TIMUR, KABUPATEN SINJAI“. JOURNAL OF INDONESIAN TROPICAL FISHERIES (JOINT-FISH) : Jurnal Akuakultur, Teknologi Dan Manajemen Perikanan Tangkap, Ilmu Kelautan 4, Nr. 1 (30.06.2021): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.33096/joint-fish.v4i1.87.

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Coastal is the meeting area between land and sea. This study aimed to (1) calculate how much shoreline change in East Sinjai Sub-district (2) analyze the factors that influence changes in the coastline in East Sinjai District (3) formulate strategic directions for shoreline change management in East Sinjai Sub-district. Citra data processing method used Er-Mappaer and Arcgis, and management strategy direction used SWOT analysis. The results of citra interpretation showed that the shoreline change in abrasion was 9.73 Ha and accretion was 20.39 Ha. The factors that caused the changes in the coastline included waves, currents, tides and conditions of the coastal ecosystem in East Sinjai Sub-district. In the coastal management analysis, there were 4 management strategies; determined coastal conservation areas as a measure to control abrasion and sedimentation, developed strategies that referred to ICM (integrated Coastal Management), improved the quality and awareness of human resources on coastal environmental management and law enforcement and institutional strengthening in coastal management. The use of high-resolution citra required further research by adding parameters such as the type of substrate and sedimentation rate. For the government of Sinjai District to conduct a study on mitigation of coastal abrasion and sedimentation disasters.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "Joint interpretation"

Kozlovskaya, E. (Elena). „Theory and application of joint interpretation of multimethod geophysical data“. Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2001. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514259602.

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Abstract This work is devoted to the theory of joint interpretation of multimethod geophysical data and its application to the solution of real geophysical inverse problems. The targets of such joint interpretation can be geological bodies with an established dependence between various physical properties that cause anomalies in several geophysical fields (geophysical multiresponse). The establishing of the relationship connecting the various physical properties is therefore a necessary first step in any joint interpretation procedure. Bodies for which the established relationship between physical properties is violated (single-response bodies) can be targets of separate interpretations. The probabilistic (Bayesian) approach provides the necessary formalism for addressing the problem of the joint inversion of multimethod geophysical data, which can be non-linear and have a non-unique solution. Analysis of the lower limit of resolution of the non-linear problem of joint inversion using the definition of e-entropy demonstrates that joint inversion of multimethod geophysical data can reduce non-uniqueness in real geophysical inverse problems. The question can be formulated as a multiobjective optimisation problem (MOP), enabling the numerical methods of this theory to be employed for the purpose of geophysical data inversion and for developing computer algorithms capable of solving highly non-linear problems. An example of such a problem is magnetotelluric impedance tensor inversion with the aim of obtaining a 3-D resistivity distribution. An additional area of application for multiobjective optimisation can be the combination of various types of uncertain information (probabilistic and non-probabilistic) in a common inversion scheme applicable to geophysical inverse problems. It is demonstrated how the relationship between seismic velocity and density can be used to construct an algorithm for the joint interpretation of gravity and seismic wide-angle reflection and refraction data. The relationship between the elastic and electrical properties of rocks, which is a necessary condition for the joint inversion of data obtained by seismic and electromagnetic methods, can be established for solid- liquid rock mixtures using theoretical modelling of the elastic and electrical properties of rocks with a fractal microstructure and from analyses of petrophysical data and borehole log data.

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Greer, A. „Joint interpretation of seismic and electromagnetic results, investigating zero age oceanic crust“. Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.599684.

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We developed a joint interpretation method to allow us to combine the geophysical constraints from seismic and controlled source electromagnetic (CSEM) experiments. We used effective medium techniques to represent the bulk elastic and electric properties of a two-phase composite material, by describing the microstructure and the relative volumes of each phase. We used the misfit, from a calculated value of rock property to a geophysically observed value. The misfit is calculated from both elastic and electric properties of the rock, providing a common variable with which to combine the seismic and controlled source electromagnetic (CSEM) constraints. We applied the joint interpretation technique to geophysical results from the East Pacific Rise, Reykjanes Ridge and the Valu Fa Ridge, providing estimates for fluid fraction, degree of interconnectivity of the fluid phase and pore geometry. Prior to developing the joint interpretation method we revisited the East Pacific Rise CSEM dataset, using more developed modelling methods with fresh information regarding the phase drift of the electromagnetic source. We concluded that the presence of a magma chamber was not required by the dataset, as did the original interpretation. However, we accept a small magma chamber (tens of metres) would not be resolved by the CSEM technique. Our results contrast with original seismic results suggesting the presence of a large magma chamber (>1km wide). However, later reworking of the seismic dataset has suggested the presence of a much smaller magma chamber. We believe that with careful assessment of the limitations of each technique the results are mutually satisfactory.

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Nikolaenko, E. M., Вікторія Едуардівна Проняєва, Виктория Эдуардовна Проняева und Viktoriia Eduardivna Proniaieva. „New joint initiative to explore clinical interpretation of molecular tests for cancer“. Thesis, Sumy State University, 2016. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/45978.

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New life requirements enforce doctors navigate one of the most important scientific questions faced by the cancer community could help improve survival rates for patients. A joint initiative of UNICANCER, ESMO and Cancer Research UK, the meeting on Molecular Analysis for Personalised therapy (MAP) will explore clinical interpretation of molecular tests for cancers that have spread.

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Jaros, Mark J. „A joint model for longitudinal data and competing risks /“. Connect to full text via ProQuest. Limited to UCD Anschutz Medical Campus, 2008.

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Thesis (Ph.D. in Biostatistics) -- University of Colorado Denver, 2008.
Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 117-119). Free to UCD Anschutz Medical Campus. Online version available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations;

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Sabor, Kawtar. „Couplage de mesures géophysiques pour la reconnaissance des digues en terre : application du data mining“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUS089.

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En France, EDF exploite plus de 500 km de digues de canaux qui alimentent les ouvrages hydroélectriques exploités. Dans le cadre de la réglementation sur la sûreté hydraulique et des travaux de confortement menés sur les ouvrages hydrauliques en terre, plusieurs méthodes de suivi sont utilisées allant de l’inspection visuelle et la recherche d’archives, aux mesures géotechniques in-situ et aux laboratoires. Les mesures géotechniques sont toutefois destructives pour l’ouvrage et offrent une information ponctuelle localisée concernant la portion prospectée ce qui a motivé le recours aux mesures géophysiques. Ces mesures sont utilisées pour caractériser de manière « quasi-continue » des linéaires importants d’ouvrages tout en préservant leur état grâce au caractère « non-destructif » de ces méthodes. EDF travaille donc sur l’utilisation de méthodes géophysiques pour la reconnaissance et la surveillance de ses ouvrages. Toutefois, l’interprétation des profils géophysiques est subjective et dépend de la connaissance de la personne qui la réalise à cause du lissage introduit par l’inversion dans ces profils. Pour pouvoir utiliser les résultats de ces méthodes dans un cadre réglementaire, il faut donc connaître leurs limites d’utilisation et objectiver les interprétations des résultats des inversions. Ce qui nous ramène au présent travail de thèse. Dans le cadre de mon travail, je propose une approche d’interprétation automatiques des profils inversés en utilisant un algorithme de clustering issu du data mining. Cette approche est aussi utilisée pour coupler différentes mesures géophysiques afin d’améliorer les interprétations en tirant profit des sensibilités des différentes méthodes. Pour définir la démarche d’application du clustering en géophysique et vérifier la faisabilité de cette approche pour l’interprétation des mesures géophysiques, j’ai suivi une méthodologie de validation qui consiste à appliquer mon approche sur des modèles synthétiques pour ensuite la tester sur des données de terrain issues d’une campagne multiphysique que j’ai réalisée pendant ma thèse. Les différentes étapes de validation m’ont permis de mettre en place une méthodologie d’application du clustering pour interpréter les mesures géophysiques mais aussi soulever de nouvelles questions qui pourront être traitées en perspectives de mon travail
In France, EDF (electricity of France) operates more than 500 km of dykes that are part of its hydroelectric power plants. The water in the stream is diverted into an open channel bordered by earthen dykes. Within the framework of the regulations on hydraulic safety and the reinforcement work carried out on hydraulic structures, several monitoring methods are used, ranging from visual inspection and archive research to in-situ geotechnical measurements and laboratories. However, geotechnical measurements are destructive to the structure and provide localized point information about the prospected portion, which is why geophysical measurements were used. These measurements are used to characterize in a "quasi-continuous" way important linear structures while preserving their state thanks to the "non-destructive" nature of these methods. EDF thus works on the use of geophysical methods for the recognition and the monitoring of its structures. However, the interpretation of the geophysical profiles is subjective to the knowledge of the person who interprets it because of the smoothing introduced by the inversion. To be able to use the results of these methods in a regulatory framework, it is therefore necessary to know their limits of use and to objectify the interpretations of the inversion results. This brings us back to the present thesis work. In the framework of my work, I propose an approach of automatic interpretation of inverted profiles using a clustering algorithm from data mining. This approach is also used to couple different geophysical measurements in order to improve the interpretations. In order to define the approach to apply clustering in geophysics and to verify the feasibility of this approach for the interpretation of geophysical measurements, I followed a validation methodology which consists in applying my approach on synthetic models and then testing it on field data from a metaphysical measurements campaign that I carried out during my thesis. The different steps of validation allowed me to set up a methodology of application of clustering to interpret the geophysical measurements but also to raise new questions which must be treated in the perspectives of my work

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Lundwall, Jakob, und Simon Nyqvist. „Hur påverkar rättsreglerna bildandet av ägarlägenheter?“ Thesis, KTH, Fastigheter och byggande, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-276415.

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Ägarlägenheter kan ha flera fördelar med bland annat ökat boendeinflytande för den enskildelägenhetsinnehavaren, vilket var ett av målen när lagen infördes. Långt färre ägarlägenheter har bildats änvad som förutspåddes när boendeformen infördes i Sverige år 2009. Därmed är det relevant attundersöka varför ägarlägenheter inte har fått det genomslag som förväntades. Examensarbetet syftar tillatt ta reda på hur rättsreglerna påverkar bildandet av ägarlägenheter samt hur övriga aspekter kanpåverka bildandet av ägarlägenheter. Samt därefter komma med förslag till vad det finns för behov avregelförändringar för ägarlägenheter. I detta examensarbete har den rättsdogmatiska metoden använts där förarbeten, doktrin ochforskningsartiklar ger en bakgrund till forskningsområdet. För att ta reda på hur reglerna förägarlägenheter tillämpas och upplevs av de aktörer som använder eller berörs av reglerna i praktikengenomfördes även en enkätundersökning riktad till förrättningslantmätare. Intervjuer genomfördes medexploatörer, förrättningslantmätare, experter på 3D-fastighetsbildning och personer som deltagit i arbetetmed att ta fram utredningar. En fallstudie har även utförts för att gå in djupare i en lantmäteriförrättningsom var i gränslandet för om en syftestolkning av den så kallade åttaårsregeln kunde göras eller inte. Det faktum att boendeformen år 2009 infördes med viss försiktighet och endast tilläts att bildas vidnyproduktion och i befintliga bostäder som inte haft boendeverksamhet de senaste åtta åren har troligtvislett till att färre ägarlägenheter har bildats än vad det annars hade gjort. Fastighetsbildningsreglernabegränsar antalet ägarlägenheter som bildas, men det finns även andra orsaker till varför flerägarlägenheter inte har bildats. Många aktörer var inte redo att hantera boendeformen när den infördesoch det kan även vara så att allmänheten inte har tillräcklig kunskap om vad boendeformen innebär.Problem i tillämpningen av reglerna har främst uppkommit i samband med åttaårsregeln (3 kap. 1 b §FBL) och detaljplanevillkoret (3 kap. 2 § FBL). Det finns även flera åtgärder som skulle kunna underlättabildandet av ägarlägenheter. Det innefattar att tillåta omvandling av befintliga bostadsutrymmen tillägarlägenheter, klargörande av åttaårsregeln, anpassningar av detaljplaner till 3D-fastighetsbildning samtanpassningar i AL för ägarlägenheter och 3D-fastigheter.
There can be several advantages to condominiums (sv. ägarlägenheter). Amongst them are the increasedinfluence for the residents, which was one of the objectives when the law was introduced. The number ofcondominiums that have been formed in Sweden are significantly lower than what was predicted beforecondominiums were introduced in Sweden in 2009. Therefore, it is relevant to investigate whycondominiums have not had the expected breakthrough. The purpose of this thesis is to analyse how thelegal rules and other aspects affect the amount of condominiums that are being built. Furthermore, thethesis aims to suggest changes, that are needed, to the rules and application of them regarding propertyformation of condominiums. The methods that have been used in this thesis are document studies, a survey, semi structuredinterviews and a case study. The method of document studies was used to get an understanding of thebackground of the research field by analysing the legislative history, literature within the field andresearch articles. Next, to get an understanding of how the laws of condominiums are applied andperceived by surveyors in reality a survey was used where surveyors with experience of cadastralprocedure of condominiums were the target group. Furthermore, semi structured interviews were alsoused to get an understanding of how the laws of condominiums are applied and perceived in reality byinterviewing land developers, surveyors, experts in 3D-property and people that have participated withthe work of government inquiries. Finally, a case study was used to get a deeper understanding of acadastral procedure. The cadastral procedure was a critical case for the so-called eight-year rule (sv.åttaårsregeln) and whether or not an interpretation of the purpose of the rule could be used. The fact that the tenure condominiums were introduced with caution in Sweden and condominiums wereonly allowed to be built in newly produced housing or in buildings which had not been used as housing forthe last eight year before the property formation has probably limited the amount of condominiumsproduced. The rules regarding property formation limit the amount of condominiums built but there arealso other factors that affect the amount. Many actors were not ready to handle the tenure when it wasintroduced, and it is also possible that the public does not have enough knowledge of the implication ofthe tenure. The problems with administering the law have mainly arisen regarding the eight year-rule, (3-chapter 1 b § Property Formation Act (FBL)) and the planning condition (3 chapter 2 § PropertyFormation Act). There are also several other measures that could simplify the property formation ofcondominiums. That includes introducing the possibility of forming condominiums in spaces already usedas housing, clarification of the eight-year-rule, adaption of zooning procedure to 3D-properies andcondominiums and adjustments in the Joint Facilities Act (AL) to better suit 3D-properties andcondominiums.

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MACHADO, Luciana Pimenta e. Silva. „Critérios de Diagnóstico para Pesquisa das Desordens Temporomandibulares (RDC/TMD): avaliação de radiologistas sobre adequação“. Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/1368.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:21:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao luciana pimenta e silva machado.pdf: 1454474 bytes, checksum: 09a4d7c1496bba377b1749ce79194bbc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-28
The aim of this study was to investigate the opinion of specialists in radiology, from different parts of the world, regarding to the proposed criteria for image acquisition and interpretation by Computed Tomography (CT), Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) and Resonance imaging (MRI) in diagnosing temporomandibular joint disorders (DATM) as part of Diagnostic Criteria for Research of Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD). Radiology specialists were invited by email to participate as volunteers in the study from three different eligible populations: researchers with publication DATM indexed on PubMed, ORADLIST members and individual contact. The link to access the questionnaire was mailed to volunteers interested in participating who matched the inclusion criteria. The sample was composed of specialists in radiology with experience in the interpretation of sectional images (CT, CBCT and/or MRI) of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) who answered a questionnaire in English, which was developed and maintained online (LimeSurvey 1.87+). In a three months period, two recalls were sent and a period of 40 days after the last notification was given for responses submission. The questionnaire was divided into three parts with closed and open questions. Part I was related to issues of participant identification (gender, age, country of activity, area of activity, time and experience as a radiologist in the interpretation of sectional images of the TMJ and monthly time dedicated to the activity of interpreting sectional images of ATM). Part II contained questions related to the adequacy of the proposed criteria for the interpretation of sectional images of the ATM as part of the RDC/TMD. The criteria were presented into two columns' tables and the participants were asked whether that set of criteria was considered adequate or not for assessement and diagnosis of TMJ osseous and non-osseous tissues according to each imaging modality. If the respondent not considered criteria appropriate, he/she should indicate what type of suggestion: if insertion of new items, the modification or deletion of existing items. Part III had questions related to the need to include a minimal technical protocol for TMJ CT, CBCT and MRI acquisition as part of the RDC/TMD. If deemed necessary, the respondent should indicate which would be his/her suggestion protocol for acquisition of each imaging technique (CT, CBCT and MRI). Fifty-seven radiologists from different countries completed the questionnaire. The results indicate that 87 to 98% of radiologists considered the criteria adequate and that 81.6% of respondents considered necessary to include a minimal technical protocol for CT, CBCT and MRI acquisition as part of the RDC/TMD. Two to thirteen percent of respondents suggested insertion, modification and deletion of items in the proposed criteria. Ninety percent of respondents considered necessary to include a minimal technical protocol for CT/CBCT and 81.7% for MRI. We conclude that, according to the opinion of the worldwide community of specialists in radiology, the need for adjustments in the criteria for assessment of sectional images of the ATM is minimal, however, the need for the inclusion of a protocol to acquire minimal technical parameters of those images as part of protocol standardization of studies using the RDC/TMD is clear.
O objetivo desse estudo foi investigar a opinião de especialistas em radiologia, de várias partes do mundo, quanto aos critérios propostos para aquisição e interpretação de imagens por Tomografia Computadorizada (TC), Tomografia Computadorizada por Feixe Cônico (TCFC) e Ressonância Magnética (RM) no diagnóstico das desordens da articulação temporomandibular (DATM) como parte dos Critérios de Diagnóstico para Pesquisa das Desordens emporomandibulares (RDC/TMD). Especialistas em radiologia foram convidados por meio de e-mail a participar como voluntários do estudo a partir de três diferentes populações elegíveis: pesquisadores com publicação indexada sobre DATM no PubMed, membros da ORADLIST e contato individual. O link de acesso ao questionário foi enviado por email aos voluntários interessados em participar os quais preencheram os critérios de inclusão. A amostra foi composta por especialistas em radiologia com experiência na interpretação de imagens seccionais (TC, TCFC e/ou RM) da articulação temporomandibular (ATM) que responderam um questionário na língua inglesa, desenvolvido e mantido online (LimeSurvey 1.87+). Num período de três meses, duas notificações foram enviadas e um prazo de 40 dias após a última notificação foi estabelecido para o envio das respostas. O questionário foi dividido em três partes com perguntas fechadas e abertas. A parte I relacionava-se às questões de identificação do participante (gênero, idade, país de atuação, área de atividade, tempo de experiência como radiologista e na interpretação de imagens seccionais da ATM e o tempo de dedicação mensal à atividade de interpretar imagens seccionais da ATM). A parte II continha questões relacionadas à adequação dos critérios propostos para interpretação das imagens seccionais da ATM como parte do RDC/TMD. Os critérios foram apresentados em tabelas de duas colunas e os participantes eram questionados se aquele conjunto de critérios era considerado adequado ou não para a interpretação e diagnóstico dos tecidos ósseos e não-ósseos da ATM de acordo com cada modalidade de imagem. Caso não os considerasse adequado, deveria indicar qual o tipo de sugestão: se inserção de novos items, a modificação ou eliminação de itens existentes. A parte III continha perguntas relacionadas à necessidade de se incluir um protocolo técnico mínimo para a aquisição de TC, TCFC e RM como parte do RDC/TMD. Caso considerasse necessário, deveria indicar qual seria sua sugestão de protocolo para aquisição de cada uma das técnicas de imagem (TC, TCFC e RM). Cinqüenta e sete radiologistas de vários países responderam o questionário. Os resultados indicam que 87 a 98% dos radiologistas consideraram os critérios adequados e que 81,6% dos respondentes consideram necessária a inclusão de um protocolo técnico mínimo para aquisição das imagens por TC, TCFC e RM como parte do RDC/TMD. Dois a treze porcento dos respondentes sugeriram inserção, modificação e eliminação de items nos critérios propostos. Noventa porcento dos respondentes consideram necessária a inclusão de protocolo técnico mínimo para TC/TCFC e 81.7% para a RM. Conclui-se que, de acordo com a opinião da comunidade mundial de especialistas em radiologia, é mínima a necessidade de ajustes nos critérios para interpretação de imagens seccionais da ATM, entretanto, é clara a necessidade da inclusão de um protocolo técnico mínimo para a aquisição das referidas imagens como parte do protocolo de normatização das pesquisas que utilizam o RDC/TMD.

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„Geometric interpretation of multiaccess joint detection and the alternating projection algorithm“. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems], 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/3395.

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Rachel E. Learned ... [et al.].
Caption title.
Includes bibliographical references (p. [4]-[5]).
Supported by the AFOSR. F49620-93-1-0102 F49620-92-J-0002 Supported by the ONR. N00014-91-J-1967 Supported by the National Science Foundation. MIP-9015281

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YANG, CHING-RONG, und 楊菁容. „The Impact of the Judicial Yuan Interpretation No. 743 on the Mass Rapid Transit Joint Development“. Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/q39f57.

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Quercia, Antonio. „Magnetic Diagnostics for Joint European Torus Calibration of the Sensors and Physical Interpretation of the Signals“. Tesi di dottorato, 2007. http://www.fedoa.unina.it/2219/1/Quercia_Ingegneria_Elettrica.pdf.

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Bücher zum Thema "Joint interpretation"

Pointe, P. R. La. Characterization and interpretation of rock mass joint patterns. Boulder, Colo: Geological Society of America, 1985.

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P, Giese, Roeder Dietrich Hans, Nicolich R und North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Scientific Affairs Division., Hrsg. Joint interpretation of geophysical and geological data applied to lithospheric studies. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1991.

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Giese, P., D. Roeder und R. Nicolich, Hrsg. Joint Interpretation of Geophysical and Geological Data Applied to Lithospheric Studies. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3590-0.

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Burt, Nicole M. Identification and interpretation of joint disease in paleopathology and forensic anthropology. Springfield , Ill., U.S.A: Charles C. Thomas, Publisher, Ltd., 2013.

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Titus out of joint: Reading the fragmented Titus Andronicus. Newcastle upon Tyne, UK: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2012.

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Library, Houghton, und Essex Institute, Hrsg. The Magnetized observer: Hawthorne's romantic vision : a joint exhibition, summer 1988. Cambridge, Mass: Houghton Library, Harvard University, 1988.

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editor, Roth Jürgen 1968, Hrsg. Mit Jünger ein' Joint aufm Sofa, auf dem schon Goebbels sass: Éducation sentimentale. Wetzlar: Büchse der Pandora, 2011.

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Dominique, Barthélemy, Hrsg. The Story of David and Goliath: Textual and literary criticism : papers of a joint research venture. Fribourg, Suisse: Éditions universitaires, 1986.

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Wylie, Rose. Rose Wylie: Joint winner of the 1993 open exhibition : Towner Art Gallery. Eastbourne: Towner Art Gallery, 1994.

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Wind, Alida P. Guide to radiographic interpretation of the canine elbow joint: By means of digital imaging and colored line-drawings. [Davis, Calif?]: The Institute for Genetic Disease Control in Animals, 1994.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Joint interpretation"

Birke, Manfred, Klaus Knödel, Gerhard Lange und Ugur Yaramanci. „Joint Interpretation“. In Environmental Geology, 1099–193. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74671-3_20.

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Kamimura, Ryotaro. „Collective Interpretation and Potential Joint Information Maximization“. In Intelligent Information Processing VIII, 12–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48390-0_2.

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Abdulkhaliq, Altaf, und Manal Alotaibi. „Laboratory Interpretation of Rheumatic Diseases“. In Skills in Rheumatology, 67–81. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8323-0_3.

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AbstractGenerally the diagnosis of rheumatic diseases is based on a set of clinical, serological, and radiological measures. The discovery of a novel test that appears to be considerably more disease-specific and preferably sensitive would be of value for the early diagnosis and immediate, effective therapy to prevent joint deterioration, functional disability, and unfavorable disease outcome [1].

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Bombelli, Renato. „Biomechanical Interpretation of X-rays of the Hip Joint: Interpretation of Pelvic X-rays“. In Structure and Function in Normal and Abnormal Hips, 3–55. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77977-0_2.

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Klingele, E. E. „Interpretation of Gravimetric and Magnetic Data: A Short Review“. In Joint Interpretation of Geophysical and Geological Data Applied to Lithospheric Studies, 31–38. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3590-0_2.

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Linsser, Helmut. „Enhanced Interpretation of Crustal Sections with the Thrustbelt Program“. In Joint Interpretation of Geophysical and Geological Data Applied to Lithospheric Studies, 165–79. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3590-0_9.

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Neurieder, C., und I. Marson. „Computers and Personal Computers in Geophysics“. In Joint Interpretation of Geophysical and Geological Data Applied to Lithospheric Studies, 1–30. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3590-0_1.

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Buness, H. „Isostatic Compensation of Balanced Cross-Sections“. In Joint Interpretation of Geophysical and Geological Data Applied to Lithospheric Studies, 181–88. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3590-0_10.

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Nicolich, R. „Crop-Ecors Activity in the Western Alps“. In Joint Interpretation of Geophysical and Geological Data Applied to Lithospheric Studies, 189–92. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3590-0_11.

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Buness, H. „A Seismic Refraction Line Between the Ligurian Sea and the Southern Alps — Evidences for Crustal Doubling“. In Joint Interpretation of Geophysical and Geological Data Applied to Lithospheric Studies, 193–215. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3590-0_12.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Joint interpretation"

Akhavan, S., S. Esmaeili, M. Kamarei und H. Soltanian-Zadeh. „Geometrical Interpretation of Joint Diagonalization“. In 2018 25th National and 3rd International Iranian Conference on Biomedical Engineering (ICBME). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbme.2018.8703582.

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Sawant, Uma, und Soumen Chakrabarti. „Learning joint query interpretation and response ranking“. In the 22nd international conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2488388.2488484.

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Liu, Ninghao, Donghwa Shin und Xia Hu. „Contextual Outlier Interpretation“. In Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-18}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2018/341.

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While outlier detection has been intensively studied in many applications, interpretation is becoming increasingly important to help people trust and evaluate the developed detection models through providing intrinsic reasons why the given outliers are identified. It is a nontrivial task for interpreting the abnormality of outliers due to the distinct characteristics of different detection models, complicated structures of data in certain applications, and imbalanced distribution of outliers and normal instances. In addition, contexts where outliers locate, as well as the relation between outliers and the contexts, are usually overlooked in existing interpretation frameworks. To tackle the issues, in this paper, we propose a Contextual Outlier INterpretation (COIN) framework to explain the abnormality of outliers spotted by detectors. The interpretability of an outlier is achieved through three aspects, i.e., outlierness score, attributes that contribute to the abnormality, and contextual description of its neighborhoods. Experimental results on various types of datasets demonstrate the flexibility and effectiveness of the proposed framework.

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Tsoi. „Counter propagation network: an interpretation“. In International Joint Conference on Neural Networks. IEEE, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.1989.118352.

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Dell’Aversana, P., I. Giori, M. Gilardi, G. Spadini und R. Puricelli. „Integrated geophysics in challenging areas: from joint planning to joint interpretation“. In 70th EAGE Conference and Exhibition - Workshops and Fieldtrips. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201404994.

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Cousot, Patrick, und Radhia Cousot. „Abstract interpretation“. In CSL-LICS '14: JOINT MEETING OF the Twenty-Third EACSL Annual Conference on COMPUTER SCIENCE LOGIC. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2603088.2603165.

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Ormos, T., M. Dobróka und A. Daragó. „Joint Interpretation of P and SH Refraction Data“. In Near Surface 2007 - 13th EAGE European Meeting of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20146639.

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Foss, Clive A. „Joint interpretation of gravity and gravity gradient profiles“. In SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2001. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1816388.

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Goertz, A., B. W. Artman, B. Schechinger, P. Krajewski und M. Koerbe. „Joint Interpretation of Multiple Passive Seismic Data Volumes“. In 72nd EAGE Conference and Exhibition incorporating SPE EUROPEC 2010. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201400759.

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Pakzad, Kian. „Structural Interpretation of High Resolution Images“. In 2007 Urban Remote Sensing Joint Event. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/urs.2007.371853.

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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Joint interpretation"

Galvin, Thomas P. Assessing the New Joint Pub 5-0 Interpretation of Center of Gravity": Will It Help or Confuse Joint Planning?". Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, März 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada449730.

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Миненко, П. А. Обратная нелинейная задача гравиметрии на основе аналогов фильтров Винера–Калмана. Нацiональна академiя наук України, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/5214.

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An iterative method of solution of a nonlinear inverse problem of gravimetry on the basis of the joint application of several cards of the measured field and several vectors of entry conditions for depths up to blocks of rocks in one iteration is developed. Examples of the interpretation of the gravitational field measured in the Western Krivbass are given.

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Tao, Gang, und Brian Wagg. PR-244-16704-R01 Casing Corrosion Logging Tool Test. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), Oktober 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011626.

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Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI) contracted C-FER Technologies (1999) Inc. ("C-FER") to conduct a laboratory testing program to evaluate the performance of various casing corrosion logging techniques and tools. An additional objective of this test program was to evaluate the influence of the wellhead and outer casing strings on the response of magnetic flux leakage tools, and to evaluate the thru-tubing logging technique. A test well was set up with a string of 4.5 inch diameter tubing joints (~150 ft total length) hanging concentrically inside a string of 7 inch diameter casing joints (~75 ft total length) attached to a wellhead. The entire test well assembly was hung vertically within C-FER's Deep Well Simulator. A combination of artificial metal loss features and natural corrosion features were present on the tubing and casing joints. Several casing corrosion logging vendors were invited to log the test tubing string with various logging tools. The logging test results were provided to C-FER and analysis was performed to evaluate the performance of each logging tool and the associated interpretation techniques. This report describes the test setup and procedure, the tool performance evaluation results, and considerations for future initiatives.

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Tooman, Tricia, Waraf Al-Yaseen, Damon Herd, Clio Ding, Maria Corrales und Jaina Teo Lewen. THE COVID ROLLERCOASTER: Multiple and Multi-dimensional Transitions of Healthcare Graduates. Herausgegeben von Divya Jindal-Snape, Chris Murray und Nicola Innes. UniVerse, Mai 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.20933/100001247.

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In this study, we explored the ongoing multiple and multi-dimensional transitions experienced by medicine, nursing and dentistry students due to graduate in summer 2020. Some graduated early to join the NHS workforce and others had their graduation deferred for a year due to lack of clinical experience. We explored the expectations and realities of their transition experiences; their perceptions of the impact of their transitions on them, their wellbeing, and on their significant others. This longitudinal study helped understand each individual’s adaptations to multiple concurrent changes over time. The cross-sectional data revealed trends and patterns for each group of graduates. This comic anthology presents the interpretations of interview data from doctor, nurse, and dentist graduates. The five comics present both individual and composite narratives of different participants. The visualisation of the data through comics was valuable to portray the wider context of COVID-19, and participants’ related transition experiences and emotions.

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Salcido, Charles, Patrick Wilson, Justin Tweet, Blake McCan, Clint Boyd und Vincent Santucci. Theodore Roosevelt National Park: Paleontological resource inventory (public version). National Park Service, Mai 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2293509.

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Theodore Roosevelt National Park (THRO) in western North Dakota was established for its historical connections with President Theodore Roosevelt. It contains not only historical and cultural resources, but abundant natural resources as well. Among these is one of the best geological and paleontological records of the Paleocene Epoch (66 to 56 million years ago) of any park in the National Park System. The Paleocene Epoch is of great scientific interest due to the great mass extinction that occurred at its opening (the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event), and the unusual climatic event that began at the end of the epoch (the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum, an anomalous global temperature spike). It is during the Paleocene that mammals began to diversify and move into the large-bodied niches vacated by dinosaurs. The rocks exposed at THRO preserve the latter part of the Paleocene, when mammals were proliferating and crocodiles were the largest predators. Western North Dakota was warmer and wetter with swampy forests; today these are preserved as the “petrified forests” that are one of THRO’s notable features. Despite abundant fossil resources, THRO has not historically been a scene of significant paleontological exploration. For example, the fossil forests have only had one published scientific description, and that report focused on the associated paleosols (“fossil soils”). The widespread petrified wood of the area has been known since at least the 19th century and was considered significant enough to be a tourist draw in the decades leading up to the establishment of THRO in 1947. Paleontologists occasionally collected and described fossil specimens from the park over the next few decades, but the true extent of paleontological resources was not realized until a joint North Dakota Geological Survey–NPS investigation under John Hoganson and Johnathan Campbell between 1994–1996. This survey uncovered 400 paleontological localities within the park representing a variety of plant, invertebrate, vertebrate, and trace fossils. Limited investigation and occasional collection of noteworthy specimens took place over the next two decades. In 2020, a new two-year initiative to further document the park’s paleontological resources began. This inventory, which was the basis for this report, identified another 158 fossil localities, some yielding taxa not recorded by the previous survey. Additional specimens were collected from the surface, among them a partial skeleton of a choristodere (an extinct aquatic reptile), dental material of two mammal taxa not previously recorded at THRO, and the first bird track found at the park. The inventory also provided an assessment of an area scheduled for ground-disturbing maintenance. This inventory is intended to inform future paleontological resource research, management, protection, and interpretation at THRO. THRO’s bedrock geology is dominated by two Paleocene rock formations: the Bullion Creek Formation and the overlying Sentinel Butte Formation of the Fort Union Group. Weathering of these formations has produced the distinctive banded badlands seen in THRO today. These two formations were deposited under very different conditions than the current conditions of western North Dakota. In the Paleocene, the region was warm and wet, with a landscape dominated by swamps, lakes, and rivers. Great forests now represented by petrified wood grew throughout the area. Freshwater mollusks, fish, amphibians (including giant salamanders), turtles, choristoderes, and crocodilians abounded in the ancient wetlands, while a variety of mammals representing either extinct lineages or the early forebearers of modern groups inhabited the land. There is little representation of the next 56 million years at THRO. The only evidence we have of events in the park for most of these millions of years is isolated Neogene lag deposits and terrace gravel. Quaternary surficial deposits have yielded a few fossils...

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Interpretation of borehole geophysical logs, aquifer-isolation tests, and water quality, supply wells 1 and 2, Willow Grove Naval Air Station/Joint Reserve Base, Horsham Township, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania. US Geological Survey, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri014264.

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Mid-Term Report 2019–2022. Universitatsbibliothek Kiel, Juni 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.38071/2023-00109-5.

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With the Midterm Report of the Cluster of Excellence “ROOTS - Social, Environmental, and Cultural Connectivity in Past Societies”, we inform you about the first years of the cluster established in 2019. The Midterm Report was prepared under the special conditions of the last pandemic and thus under extraordinary circumstances, which also applies to the first years of our research. Above all, the report gives you a broad impression of the new and interesting research activities of the cluster, which have developed in many ways in our research space. The joint research on past societies is determined by excavations, laboratory work, archival studies and source interpretations. The diversity of the archives – from soil sediments to human skeletons and from architecture to written evidence – is targeted in our six subclusters. Reconstructing the ROOTS of hazards, diet, knowledge, urbanity, inequality, and conflict and conciliation took us to different areas of the world and very different laboratory depths. The joint research on connectivity started from the basic hypothesis that the degree of connectivity within and between societies, but also between societies and the environment, is crucial for the possibilities to develop resilient and sustainable structures. This is where past societies and environments provide us with a mirror for current and future developments.

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