Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema „Izbiratelʹnai͡a komissii͡a“

V stat'e daetsja obzor istorii perevoda Svjascennogo Pisanija na istoriceskoj territorii Belarusi, provoditsja obscij analiz vypolnennyh v HH veke sobstvenno belorusskojazycnyh perevodov, osvescaetsja dejatel'nost' Belorusskoj Biblejskoj Komissii, kotoraja vot uze bolee dvuh desjatiletij perevodit Novyj Zavet i bogosluzebnye teksty na sovremennyj belorusskij jazyk, oboznacajutsja raznogo roda problemy, s etim svjazannye.

Human rights defenders (hrds) in hybrid regimes face numerous challenges on the domestic arena. They struggle against complex and non-transparent regulations and hindrances, are obstructed by an intrusive state that seeks not only to regulate human rights activism but also to bar professional and independent human rights ngos; and they also risk being subjected to violence. This article analyses how Russian hrds have succeeded in gaining inspection rights in places of permanent detention in Russia through the system of Public Observer Commissions (Obshchestvennye nablyudatel’nye komissii/ onk), and how state structures seek to co-opt, screen and contain professional and continuous hrd work in these commissions. Although the hrds have succeeded in forming a legal structure that enables them to conduct inspections, since 2013 the Public Chamber has understaffed the onks, excluded prominent hrds from the committees, and used pro-regime organizations in order to gain control over the system of public monitoring.

V nastojascej rabote daetsja obzor mnogodesjatiletnej raboty serbskih dialektologov nad Obsceslavjanskim lingvisticeskim atlasom (OLA) - nesomnenno, do sih por, samym krupnym i samym vseob''emljuscim lingvisticeskim naucnym nacinaniem v slavjanskom mire. Rabota v otecestvennom sektore mezdunarodnyh lingvogeograficeskih proektov razvertyvalas', a razvetyvaetsja i v nastojascee vremja, v ramkah Mezaka demiceskogo komiteta po dialektologiceskim atlasam pri Serbskoj akademii nauk i iskusstv. V nacale zdes' predlagaemoj raboty predstavlen sam proekt Obsceslavjanskogo lingvisticeskogo atlasa - kratkaja istorija, set' punktov, struktura voprosnika, dve serii tomov. Zatem predstavlena set' punktov na teritorii Respubliki Serbii, s ucetom punktov v Vengrii i Rumynii, v kotoryh ispol'zuetsja serbskij jazyk, a takze punktov, raspolozennyh na territorii Cernogorii, o kotoryh imejutsja dannye v arhive Komiteta, tak kak Cernogorija vse esce ne napravila svoih predstavitelej v Mezdunarodnuju komissiju OLA. V kazdom imejuscemsja tome materialov otmecano ucastie serbskih dialektologov - rec' idet o vos'mi foneticeskih i semi leksiceskih tomah OLA. Udeljaetsja takze vnimanie bol'sinstvu vaznyh momentov iz raboty OLA, nacinaja s pervogo rabocego zasedanija jugoslavskih dialektologov, provedennogo v Zagrebe v 1959 godu i koncaja poslednim zasedaniem Mezdunarodnoj komissii OLA, provedennym v 2012 godu v Slapanicah, nedaleko ot g. Brno. V zakljucitel'noj casti nastojascej raboty izlagajutsja objazannosti, stojascie v nastojascee vremja pered Serbskoj nacional'noj komissiej pri OLA, a takze problemy, na kotorye otecestvennaja komissija mozet natknut'sja pri vypolnenii ocerednyh zadac.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the issues of the activities of the city commission for road safety in the city of Novorossiysk. The authors conclude that the road safety commissions play the role of a third-party structure that comprehensively considers issues within the competence of several departments at once, which allows for coordination between them and the implementation of a unified state policy on road safety.

The importance of road safety for ensuring the quality and standard of living of the population, the success of the demographic policy of the state and the protection of life and health of citizens, as well as the current situation on the roads of the country confirm the importance and specific nature of public administration in this area. In the article, the authors consider the issues of the activities of the city commission for road safety in the city of Novorossiysk. The results of the study can be applied both in the process of legislative regulation when making changes to legislation, and in the process of law enforcement, since they will contribute to the unity of the implementation of the norms of the current law.

The article studies the creation of the first archival organization in Primorye, the Primorye Regional Archival Committee. It was due to the efforts of professors of the history and philology faculty (later, part of the Far Eastern State University), one of the first higher education institutions in the Russian Far East, established in Vladivostok in 1918 by the inteligentsia escaping the Civil War. The article attempts to identify and systematize the scattered papers of departmental archives in order to promote the development of the archiving and the study of the region. The research has revealed several factors that contributed to the emergence of archiving in the Far East, one of them large-scale migration during the Civil War with predominance of educated and enterprising people. After receiving the status of scientific institution, the Primorye Regional Archival Committee (later, the Primorye Province Archival Bureau) reviewed, collected, and described documents in major departmental archives of the region, thus laying the foundation of archiving in the Russian Far East, and, moreover, identified historical artifacts, thus providing a headstart for archaeologists and ethnographers. The first archivists laid down professional foundations for archival studies in the Far East. Their methodological recommendations published in the Bulletin of the Primorie Regional Archival Committee (Izvestiya Primorskoi oblastnoi arkhivnoi komissii) or separately haven’t yet lost their significance. Promulgation of archiving and public involvement in the search for valuable historical records and objects provide an example of skill and efficacy. These activities were all the more significant since they started on a voluntary basis, with no official support or funding. The article draws on publications and materials from the personal archive of A. P. Georgievsky (1888–1955), archivist and educator. New materials help to clarify the first archivists’ biographical data and to assess the significance of their activities in identifying and collecting data about the history of the Far East and for further development of its archives.

Introduction. The First World War is a forgotten and completely unhonored page in the history of Ukraine. Instead, events and facts related to it are actively investigated in many European countries. In journalism and journalism studies, the topic of activity of specialized newspaper and magazine editions of medical topics was not investigated in that period, therefore, a picture of the emergence, formation, and development of such a press was not created, and its systematization was not carried out. Relevance and goal. The goal of the research is to analyze the problem-thematic components of specialized medical periodicals and continuing publications of the First World War period (1914–1918), to find out the peculiarities of their emergence and activity, and to introduce the specified press into scientific circulation. The relevance is formed by the lack of a comprehensive study of the activities of the specialized newspaper and magazine medical press of the specified period, its systematization, and problem-thematic priorities. Methodology. Descriptive methods are used as a basis during the research, which allows us to penetrate the causes of this or that phenomenon, find out the main stages of its development, the influence of a specific situation on the nature of events and phenomena; and compare local phenomena with general historical processes. Based on the periodization of the history of the development of the Ukrainian press proposed by the Research Institute of Press Studies, the study focuses on the fifth period – Ukrainian periodicals of the First World War 1914–1917. Results. The beginning of the First World War led to the closure of many publications. This was caused by increased censorship and financial problems of publishers. However, new periodicals also appeared during this period. In particular, 6 editions of military-medical topics were published: «Voenno-sanitarnii obzor» (1917), «Vrachebno-sanitarnie izvestiya Upravleniya Glavnoupolnomochennogo Krasnogo Kresta Yugo-Zapadnogo fronta» (1916–1918), «Izvestiya Kievskoi rentgenovskoi komissii» (1915–1917), «Nash zhurnal» (1917), «Nashe slovo» (1917), «Pomoshch ranenim» (1914). The thematically mentioned editions focused primarily on essential problems that arose in society with the development of military operations. The authors focused on the treatment of injuries from new ballistic weapons, rapid-fire machine guns, gas gangrene, damage by mustard gas and chlorine, the spread of epidemic diseases on the fronts, etc. Conclusions. The research gives reasons to state that during this period, 6 editions were published, which, based on typological characteristics, we include in the military-medical press. Their pages were dominated by messages related to the struggle for the lives of the wounded and the organization of military medical aid. These publications played one of the leading roles in the representation of military reality.

Ключові слова: Російська імперія, українські губернії, законодавство, органи місцевого самоврядування, різнопрофільні сільськогосподарські школи, чоловіча та жіноча освіта, виставки, з’їзди. Анотація На основі широкого кола історичних джерел з використанням методів історико-архівного аналізу, синтезу та аналізу висвітлено роль уряду, громадськості, органів місцевого самоврядування та меценатів у процесі формування мережі різнопрофільних сільськогосподарських закладів освіти в період модернізації українських губерній у межах Російської імперії в другій половині ХІХ – на початку ХХ ст. Аналіз історіографічної спадщини засвідчує, що наявні праці не в повній мірі розкривають основні аспекти обраної для дослідження проблеми. За результатами проведеного дослідження з’ясовано, які основні чинники впливали на темпи формування мережі сільськогосподарських освітніх закладів для чоловіків та жінок, еволюцію законодавчої бази з даного питання, оцінки громадськості щодо якості та значення знань з підвищення продуктивності тогочасного сільськогосподарського виробництва. Показано роль з’їздів та виставок у поширенні досягнень аграрної сфери серед виробників сільськогосподарської продукції. Приділено увагу маловідомим аспектам обраної теми, які потребують подальшої наукової розробки. Посилання Beketov, 1898 – Beketov V.A. Nizshie selskohozyaystvennyie shkolyi i potrebnosti krestyanskogo chastnovladelcheskogo hozyaystva [Lower agricultural schools and the needs of a private peasant economy]. Vornezh, 1898. 120 s. [in Russian] Bessmertnaya, 2015 – Bessmertnaya L.A. Uchebno-vospitatelnaya rabota v nizshih zhenskih selskohozyaystvennyih shkolah Rossii kontsa ХІХ – nachala ХХ veka [Teaching and educational work in the lower women's agricultural schools in Russia at the end of the ХІХ – beginning of the ХХ century] // Uchenyie zapiski. Elektronnyiy nauchnyiy zhurnal Kurskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, 2015. № 1 (33). URL: http://scientific-notes.ru/#new-number?id=38 [in Russian] Volos, 2003 – Volos O.V. Silskohospodarska prosvitnytska diialnist zemstv Khersonshchyny (kinets ХІХ – pochatok ХХ st.) [Silskogospodarska Educational Activity of the Zemstvos of Kherson Oblast (3rd century - ХІХ century - ear of the ХХ century)] // Derzhavna etnonatsionalna polityka: pravovyi ta kulturolohichnyi aspekty v umovakh Pivdnia Ukrainy: zbirnyk naukovykh prats V Vseukrainskoi naukovo-praktychnoi konferentsii, Zaporizhzhia, 2 – 3 zhovtnia 2003 r. Simferopol, 2003. S. 155-158. [in Ukrainian] Voron, 2015 – Voron V.P. Razvitie vneshkolnogo selskohozyaystvennogo prosvescheniya na territorii Ukrainyi vo vtoroy polovine ХІХ – nachale ХХ st. [Development of out-of-school agricultural education on the territory of Ukraine in the second half of the ХІХ - early ХХ century] Izvestiya Gomelskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta imeni F. Skorinyi, 2015. № 4. URL: https://vesti.gsu.by/2015/vesti_gsu_2015_4.pdf [in Russian] Geyduk, 1891 – Geyduk F.I. Nashi nizshie selsko-hozyaystvennyie shkolyi [Our lower agricultural schools]. Odessa, 1891. 88 s. [in Russian] Esikova, 2010 – Esikova M. Selskohozyaystvennoe obrazovanie v Rossii (vtoraya polovina ХІХ v. – 1917 g.) [Agricultural education in Russia (second half of the ХІХ century - 1917)] // Vlast. № 7. S. 150-154. [in Russian] Zemskiy sbornik, 1902 a – Zemskiy sbornik Chernigovskoy gubernii. Dekabr. № 12 [Zemsky collection of the Chernigov province. December. № 12]. Chernigov: Tip. Gubernskogo zemstva, 1902. 256 s. 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Речное русло в процессе своей эволюции подвержено деформациям, проявляющимся в виде размыва русла и поймы, переноса и аккумуляции наносов. Знание истории развития речных русел в условиях, характерных для данной территории, позволяет дать оценку их эволюции в будущем. Целью исследования являлось выявление особенностей формировании и эволюции гидрографической сети Южного Приильменья в голоцене. Эти особенности преимущественно связаны с последним Валдайским оледенением. Вопервых, реки возникли только после отступления ледника и имеют возраст примерно от 11 до 14тыс. лет назад. Вовторых, их развитие контролировалось меняющимся базисом эрозии, зависящим от уровня приледникового озера, сформировавшегося на южной периферии ледника при его отступлении. Втретьих, эволюция водотоков происходила в условиях компенсационного деформационного поднятия территории. В результате на территории Южного Приильменья сформировались реки, в начальной стадии своего развития свободно меандрирующие по широкой и почти плоской равнине, сложенной флювиогляциальными отложениями. Затем, по мере понижения базиса эрозии, происходило врезание русел в водоупорные ледниковые отложения Валдайского горизонта. В последнее тысячелетие вертикальный размыв резко усилился, что связано с преодолением трудноразмываемых флювиогляциальных четвертичных суглинистых пород и непосредственным воздействием потока на нижележащие девонские отложения, и в настоящее время по нашей оценке достигает 13 см в год. По мере врезания русел рек плановые деформации существенно замедлились. Русла развиваются, хотя и не полной мере, по типу вынужденного меандрирования. Амантов А.В., Амантова М.Г., Ряб-чук Д.В., Сергеев А.Ю., Гусенцова Т.М., Жамойда В.А., Фьелдскар В. Проблемы голоценового развития Южного Приладожья // Региональ-ная геология и металлогения. 2016. № 65. С. 37-49 Барац Н.И. 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DOI: 10.17741/bgsf/90.2.010 The riverbed in the course of its evolution is subject to deformations, manifested in the form of erosion of the channel and floodplain, sediment transport and accumulation. Knowledge of the history of the development of river channels in the conditions characteristic of a given territory allows us to assess their future evolution. The aim of the study was to identify the features of the formation and evolution of the hydrographic network of Southern Priilmenye in the Holocene. These features are mainly associated with the last Valdai glaciation. Firstly, rivers arose only after the retreat of the glacier and are about 11 to 14 thousand years old. Secondly, their development was controlled by a changing erosion basis, depending on the level of the subglacial lake, which formed on the southern periphery of the glacier during its retreat. Thirdly, the evolution of watercourses occurred in conditions of compensatory deformational elevation of the territory. As a result, rivers formed on the territory of Southern Priilmene, in the initial stage of their development, meandering freely along a wide and almost flat plain composed of fluvioglacial deposits. Then, as the erosion basis decreased, the channels incised into the waterresistant glacial deposits of the Valdai horizon. In the last millennium, vertical erosion sharply increased, which is associated with overcoming difficult to wash out fluvioglacial Quaternary loamy rocks and the direct impact of the flow on the underlying Devonian sediments, and at present, according to our estimates, it reaches 13 cm per year. As the riverbeds cut in, the planned deformations slowed significantly. The channels develop, although not to the full extent, by the type of forced meandering. Amantov A.V., Amantova M.G., Ryabchuk D.V., Ser-geev A.Yu., Gusentsova T.M., Zhamoida V.A., Fjeldskaar W. 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