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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „ISO 14644“
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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "ISO 14644"
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Burrows, Roberta. „ISO/TC 209 Tackles Revisions of ISO 14644 Standards“. Journal of the IEST 61, Nr. 1 (01.12.2018): 60–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.17764/1098-4321.61.1.60.
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Hartvig, Niels, Gordon Farquharson, Robert Mielke, Mark Varney und Mike Foster. „Sampling Plan for Cleanroom Classification with Respect to Airborne Particles“. Journal of the IEST 54, Nr. 1 (01.01.2011): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17764/jiet.54.1.x034466930341406.
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The concentration of airborne particles is a critical parameter for cleanrooms, clean zones, and controlled areas. Particle concentration must be measured at representative locations for classification and monitored routinely or continuously at critical locations during operation. Both ISO 14644-1:19991 and the new Draft International Standard (DIS) edition provide nine classes of cleanliness and specify both the number of sample locations for classification and the acceptance criterion for the data. In the 1999 version of the Standard, the minimal number of sample locations is not based on statistical principles. The acceptance criterion is based on a statistical test, but only if the number of sample locations is less than 10. Thus, classification is based on statistical methods only for a small number of locations. The revised ISO/DIS 14644-12 replaces this method with a statistical principle for selection of the sample locations. The acceptance criterion in the revised version eliminates the need for applying a statistical test to the data, and thereby simplifies the classification process. The purpose of this paper is to present and discuss the new sampling plan for cleanroom classification and compare it with the previous approach in ISO 14644-1:1999. Section 2 of this paper presents and discusses the previous method, section 3 describes the new method in the ISO/DIS 14644-1 revision, and section 4 provides a discussion and conclusion. All of the authors are members of ISO Technical Committee (TC) 209, Working Group 1, the group of experts who developed the new ISO/DIS 14644-1. This paper was written on behalf of the entire Working Group.
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Dixon Heathman, Anne Marie, und David Ensor. „Monitoring of Nanoscale Particles in Cleanrooms: ISO 14644-12“. Journal of the IEST 62, Nr. 1 (01.11.2019): 50–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.17764/1557-2196-62.1.50.
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Ensor, David, Anne Marie Dixon und Roberta Burrows. „IEST Leads Development of First ISO 14644 Nanotechnology Standard“. Journal of the IEST 59, Nr. 1 (01.01.2016): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.17764/1098-4321.59.1.1.
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Gautama, Aditya, und Budiana Budiana. „PENGUKURAN PARTIKEL DI CLEANROOM TFME POLITEKNIK NEGERI BATAM MENGGUNAKAN STANDAR ISO 14644-1“. JURNAL INTEGRASI 12, Nr. 2 (31.10.2020): 156–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.30871/ji.v12i2.2476.
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Electronics Tecnology is currently developing very rapidly. Computational capabilities that continue to increase are accompanied by a decrease in the size of the electronic components used on a chip or IC (Integrated Circuit). The size of the components that have reached nanometers makes the components very sensitive to impurities in the form of particles. A special fabrication place in the form of a cleanroom is needed so that the number of impurity particles can be controlled and the damage caused by impurity particles on the product can be reduced. One of the standards used to classify a cleanroom and measure the particles in it is ISO 14644-1. In this study, particle measurements were carried out in accordance with ISO 14644-1 standards to measure the number of particles in the TFME cleanroom. The measurement results classify the cleanroom in TFME into ISO Class 7. This is consistent with the initial TFME cleanroom design, meaning that the particle filtration system is still in a good condition.
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Dixon, Anne, David Ensor und Roberta Burrows. „IEST leads ISO 14644 Experts in Focus on Nanotechnology in Cleanrooms“. Journal of the IEST 51, Nr. 2 (01.10.2008): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.17764/jiet.51.2.g124437844147021.
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Dixon, Anne. „ISO 14644-5 Offers a One-stop Guide to Cleanroom Operations“. Journal of the IEST 50, Nr. 1 (01.04.2007): 5–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.17764/jiet.50.1.b004587204n32271.
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Weaver, John. „A Design for Combining Biological and Semiconductor Cleanrooms for Nanotechnology Research“. Journal of the IEST 48, Nr. 1 (01.09.2005): 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.17764/jiet.48.1.u511tw1843710824.
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Nanotechnology brings together various functional areas for interdisciplinary research, making it necessary for them to reside in a single facility. The conjoining of biology, biomedical engineering, and bio-nano-micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) with semiconductor and MEMS processing requires that these technologies coexist in ultraclean facilities, while the facility designs and operating practices are incompatible. This case study describes a design concept in a collaborative research environment that meets biocleanliness goals and International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Class 4 particle concentrations (as defined in ISO 14644-1, Cleanrooms and associated controlled environments—Part 1: Classification of air cleanliness).
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Gibbons, Dick. „Energy efficiency in cleanrooms and separative devices: ISO 14644-16, outreach article“. Journal of the IEST 63, Nr. 1 (01.12.2020): 91–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.17764/1557-2196-63.1.
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Abstract The ISO 14644 family of cleanroom standards has been at the center of international cleanroom standards development for many years and covers most facets of cleanroom activity and cleanroom types from large ballroom cleanrooms to isolators and clean tunnels. The series is under constant review and is still expanding. Recent documents that have been released concern the quantification of airborne and surface chemical concentrations, nanoparticles and the selection and testing of equipment used within these rooms. However, apart from some misleading information in the original Part 4 design document, questions concerning the energy demands from air purification processing have been overlooked. Nationally, institutions such as the BSI in UK, DIN- VDI in Germany and IEST in the USA have produced limited information on the topic, but Part 16 is the first standard to be internationally agreed upon. The key new features of the standard are a) the preparation of an accurate User Requirement Specification (URS), b) a practical method for estimating the volume of supply air needed to maintain the specified ISO room classifications in operation, c) tuning and d) benchmarking. An informative annex develops three useful metrics for benchmarking: power intensity for contamination removal (PICR), fan energy intensity for contamination removal (EICR) and energy intensity (EI).
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Duarte, Nicolás, Sebastián Roa und Francy Méndez-C. „Microbiological Air Quality in an Optical Clinic“. Ciencia y Tecnología para la Salud Visual y Ocular 17, Nr. 1 (01.06.2019): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.19052/sv.vol17.iss1.2.
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Introduction: Air as a fluid is present in different spaces. It is likely to contain different pollutants, including pathogenic microorganisms, which, due to environmental factors, are dispersed in the hospital environment, where they are responsible for causing diseases in vulnerable populations. In addition to being considered a risk to health, nosocomial diseases generate very high treatment costs, ranging from 13 to 15 million pesos per illness during treatment. Objective: To determine the microbiological quality of the air in bathrooms, corridors, reception and storage of one optical clinic in Colombia. Methods: An initial visit to the clinic was carried out for a microbiological sampling of air with the MASS 100 equipment, based on a sampling route designed according to the ISO 14644 technical standard, in addition to the relative humidity and velocity percen¬tage measurements of the wind for two weeks. Bacterial characterization was verified using a Vitek automated system. Results: It was identified that 64% of the sampling sections are above the limit established by the ISO 14644 standard of colony forming units (CFU) for clean areas. This study identified 14 bacterial genera, such as Staphylococcus (26.3%), Pantoea (10.5%), and Sphingomonas (5.3%). Conclusions: Although there is a high number of CFU in the clinic’s air in the present study, most of these genera are saprophytic and opportunistic bacterial agents.
Dissertationen zum Thema "ISO 14644"
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Mostafaee, Mani. „Six Sigma for quality assurance of Lithium-ion batteries in the cell assembly process : A DMAIC field study at Northvolt“. Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik, konst och samhälle, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-85966.
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Lack of technical cleanliness and particle contaminations in Lithium-ion battery manufacturing affect the performance of batteries which are a risk for the safety and quality of the product. Therefore, part of the manufacturing process occurs inside the Clean and Dry room area to maintain technical cleanliness. This paper aims to provide a framework to control particle contamination inside the Clean and Dry room and strengthen the product's quality and safety. A literature study was conducted, which was completed by a field study at Northvolt Labs in Västerås to achieve the study's aims. The study contributes to existing theories by providing a framework to find root causes of particle contamination in the manufacturing process based on the existing literature and standards. The Six Sigma problem-solving methodology DMAIC was implemented to conduct the field study. A risk assessment was conducted to find the possible threats toward technical cleanliness in the cell assembly process. The risk sources were identified by implementing measurement methods from relevant standards. The results indicate a high risk for technical cleanliness are coming from the decontamination method, material, machines, and environment. Furthermore, several recommendations were given that are expected to decrease the amount of nonconformity in the process.Brist på teknisk renhet och partikelföroreningar vid tillverkning av litiumjonbatterier påverkar dess prestanda och utgör en risk för produktens säkerhet och kvalitet. Därför sker en del av tillverkningsprocessen i ett Clean & Dry rum för att upprätthålla teknisk renhet. Denna uppsats syftar till att ge ett ramverk för att kontrollera partikelföroreningar och därmed stärka produktens kvalitet och säkerhet. För att uppnå syftet genomfördes först en litteraturstudie vilket vidare kompletterades med en fältstudie vid Northvolt Labs i Västerås. Studien bidrar till befintliga teorier genom att tillhandahålla ett ramverk för att hitta och åtgärda rotorsaker till partikelkontaminering i tillverkningsprocessen baserat på befintlig litteratur och standarder. Sex Sigma problemlösningsmetoden DMAIC implementerades för att genomföra fältstudien. En riskbedömning genomfördes för att hitta riskfyllda aktiviteter i processen. Vidare implementerades mätmetoder från relevanta standarder för att mäta kontamineringsnivån. Resultaten indikerar stor risk för tekniskrenhet från saneringsmetoder, material, maskiner och miljön. Vidare rekommenderas flera åtgärder för att underhålla tekniskrenhet vilka förväntas minska avvikelser i processen.
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Noronha, Carlos. „An empirical study of cultural values in total quality management : a Chinese culture-specific model“. Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2001. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/14464/.
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Although total quality management (TQM) has been so widely adopted, its theoretical underpinnings remain relatively unexplored as compared to other management theories. A frequently pointed out research gap is on the cultural side of TQM as a human-oriented management philosophy. TQM is known to begin mainly in Japan and the United States. However, the cultural values of the Japanese and the American people are very different. In Japan, the importance of group harmony is stressed, while the Americans mainly value individual creativity and achievements. Even so, companies in these different cultures have succeeded in implementing TQM and have achieved world class performance. It is reasonable to believe that when TQM, as a culture-free system itself, is being implemented in a particular cultural setting, it must accommodate to a certain extent the local culture. That is to say, Japanese-style TQM is obviously different from American-style TQM and a culture-specific TQM indeed exists. As TQM and ISO 9000 have recently become some of the hottest managerial issues in mainland China and the overseas Chinese regions, this empirical study is concerned with the influence of Chinese cultural values on TQM. In particular, the operations of ISO 9000 certified companies in mainland China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan and the cultural values of their Chinese managers were analyzed. Grounded on sociological and psychological theories, quantitative (structural equation modeling) and qualitative (case studies and interviews) research methods were employed to devise a general theoretical model of cultural ii influence on TQM. Furthermore, using Chinese cultural values as a case, the specificities of a Chinese-style TQM were uncovered. The study has not only contributed its modest share towards the theoretical development of TQM but has also paved way for understanding indigenous managerial psychology from a different perspective.
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Harbs, Eduardo. „CNC-C2: um controlador aderente às normas ISO 14649 E IEC 61499“. Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, 2012. http://tede.udesc.br/handle/handle/1861.
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Previous issue date: 2012-10-09Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
The industry has found difficulties towards CNC machines flexibility, due to the CNC programming current standard, the ISO 6983 or G/M code. The ISO 14649 or STEP-NC was developed to replace the current standard. It is a new unified data transfer model between CAD/CAM and CNC systems. To satisfy the new automation and control systems requirements, the IEC 61499 standard was developed, aiming the use of software objects, called function blocks (FBs). In this work, the standards STEP-NC and IEC 61499 were integrated to build a new generation of CNC, where STEP-NC supplies the complete data model without functionality, and the FBs provide the functionalities to the data model for the machine tool command. In this context, a controller for a CNC machine prototype, compliant to STEP-NC and IEC 61499 standards was developed. The prototype consists of a 2,5D milling machine, driven by a group of three servomotors drivers with integrated PLCs. A set of software was developed for compiling STEP-NC files and the automatic generation of IEC 61499 models, viewing, editing and executing FBs and FB networks, and further a library with IEC 61499 models. Test on software and prototype was performed machining an example workpiece, achieving the proposed goal and providing the individual characteristics of the standards in the controller, such as: interoperability, portability, use of features, configurability, distribution and adaptability.
A indústria tem enfrentado dificuldades quanto à flexibilidade das máquinas CNC, devido à norma utilizada atualmente para a programação CNC, a ISO 6983 ou código G/M. Com objetivo de substituição desta norma, desenvolveu-se a ISO 14649 ou STEP-NC, que é um novo modelo de transferência de dados unificado entre sistemas CAD/CAM e CNC. Para atender os novos requisitos de automação e controle de sistemas, desenvolveu-se a norma IEC 61499, visando o uso de objetos de software, os function blocks (FBs). Neste trabalho integraram-se as normas STEP-NC e IEC 61499 para a construção de uma nova geração de CNCs, onde STEP-NC fornece o modelo de dados completo, porém sem funcionalidade, e os FBs fornecem as funcionalidades ao modelo de dados para o controle da máquina-ferramenta. Para tal, foi desenvolvido um controlador para uma máquina CNC protótipo aderente às normas STEP-NC e IEC 61499. Este protótipo é constituído de uma fresadora 2,5D, acionada por um conjunto de três servoacionamentos com CLPs integrados. Um conjunto de software foi desenvolvido para compilação do arquivo STEP-NC e geração automática de modelos IEC 61499, visualização, edição e execução de FBs e rede de FBs além de uma biblioteca de modelos IEC 61499. Teste do software e do protótipo foi realizado com a usinagem de uma peça exemplo, alcançando o objetivo proposto e provendo as características individuais das normas no controlador, como: interoperabilidade, portabilidade, uso de features, configurabilidade, distribuição e adaptabilidade.
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Benavente, Júlio César Ticona. „Um Sistema para o projeto e fabricação de peças mecânicas a distância via internet aderente à norma ISO 14649 (STEP-NC)“. Florianópolis, SC, 2011. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/95382.
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Com o rápido avanço da tecnologia da informação associada à tecnologia da fabricação, os ambientes de manufatura mudaram significativamente nas últimas décadas. A usinagem de alta velocidade, usinagem de ultra-precisão e usinagem de múltiplos eixos tem melhorado a produtividade e a qualidade da manufatura. Além disso, a tecnologia da internet introduziu a e-manufatura (isto é, projetado por qualquer um em qualquer lugar, fabricado por qualquer um em qualquer lugar). A chave para o sucesso da e-manufatura consiste em um fluxo de dados compatíveis e sem brechas na cadeia CAD-CAPP-CAM-CNC. Apesar do avanço nas tecnologias de manufatura, a linguagem que as máquinas de comando numérico utilizam nos dias de hoje (código G # norma ISO 6983) ainda baseia-se nas movimentações da extremidade das ferramentas e no status da máquina, fazendo com que muitas informações acerca do produto sejam perdidas, tornando difícil ou impossível o compartilhamento de tais informações em diferentes áreas da empresa. O padrão ISO 14649 (STEP-NC) fornece um modelo de informações de alto nível referentes ao produto, como por exemplo o uso de features para a modelagem de peças e operações de fabricação, e este padrão tem sido apontado como uma ferramenta adequada para superar os problemas acima mencionados. Assim, para um mercado onde é bastante comum a elevada variabilidade das peças sendo produzidas, a alteração nas features que compõem a peça é mais rápida e fácil do que a alteração do código G para a usinagem da peça, e desta forma capacita-se as empresas a responderem mais rapidamente à mudança no projeto das peças, além de contribuir para acelerar a tomada de decisões referentes à fabricação das peças. Uma outra vantagem do uso de STEP-NC é que a sua estruturação proporciona que organizações de manufatura venham a compartilhar informações de maneira transparente via Internet. Tendo em vista o contexto acima, no presente trabalho foi desenvolvido um protótipo de um sistema computacional CAD/CAPP/CAM voltado à manufatura remota de peças mecânicas de característica prismática utilizando a Internet como meio de comunicação, sendo completamente aderente ao padrão ISO 14649. No sistema desenvolvido foram disponibilizadas inúmeras features para o usuário remoto, incluindo não apenas superfícies com características prismáticas, mas também elementos curvos como fundos abaulados de cavidades. Um dos módulos do sistema verifica se a peça criada pelo usuário é válida do ponto de vista de fabricabilidade com as ferramentas disponíveis. Além disso, o sistema identifica se a peça pode ser fabricada em uma máquina de comando numérico de três eixos, e no caso de impossibilidade o sistema informa o usuário o que causou a não-fabricabilidade. Finalmente, o sistema gera automaticamente o arquivo físico no formato STEP (padrão ISO 10303 parte 21), o qual é disponibilizado para o usuário via Internet, podendo ele efetuar uma simulação gráfica dos movimentos das ferramentas usinando a peça, tendo o arquivo físico como entrada. Até o momento não foi desenvolvido nenhum sistema computacional que disponibilize tal arquivo gratuitamente na Internet, e consequentemente o sistema desenvolvido neste trabalho contribui para uma maior disseminação do padrão STEP-NC, além do fato que o arquivo gerado poderá ser utilizado em máquinas CNC reais compatíveis com o formato STEP parte 21.
With the rapid advancement of information technology associated with manufacturing technology, manufacturing environments have changed significantly in recent decades. High speed machining, ultra-precision machining, and multi-axis machining have improved manufacturing productivity and quality. In addition, Internet technology has introduced e-manufacturing (i.e., designed by anyone anywhere, manufactured by anyone anywhere). The key to the success of e-manufacturing consists of compatible data stream with no gaps in the CAD-CAPP-CAM-CNC chain. Despite advances in manufacturing technologies, the language that are used by numerical control machines today (i.e. G-code - ISO 6983 standard) is still based on the movements of the end of the tools and on the machine status, causing the loss of much information about the product, making it difficult or impossible to share such information in different areas of the company. The ISO 14649 (STEP-NC) standard provides a model of high-level information about the product, such as the use of features for the modeling parts and manufacturing operations, and this standard has been recommended as a suitable tool to overcome the aforementioned problems. Thus, for a market where it is quite common the high variability of parts being produced, the change in features that compose the part is faster and easier than changing the G code for machining the part, and thus companies are enabled to respond more quickly to the change in part design, besides helping to accelerate decision-making related to the manufacture of parts. Another advantage of using STEP-NC is that its structure enables manufacturing organizations to share information seamlessly via the Internet. Given the above context, in the present research work a prototype CAD/CAPP/CAM computer system was developed for the remote manufacture of mechanical prismatic mechanical parts using the Internet as a means of communication, completely compliant with the ISO 14649 standard. In the developed system many features are provided to the remote user, including not only surfaces with prismatic features, but also curved elements like general cavities. One of the modules of the system verifies whether the part created by the user is valid from the standpoint of manufacturability with the tools available. In addition, the system identifies whether the part can be manufactured in a numerical control machine with three axes, and if that is not feasible, the system informs the user the cause of non-manufacturability. Finally, the system generates automatically the physical STEP file (ISO 10303 Part 21), which is provided to the user via the Internet, and he can perform a graphic simulation of the movement of the tools machining the part, having the physical file as input. So far no computer system was developed that provides such a file for free on the Internet, and therefore the system developed in this work contributes to a further spread of the STEP-NC standard, plus the fact that the generated file can be used in real CNC machines compatible with the STEP part 21 format.
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Bonnard, Renan. „Proposition de chaîne numérique pour la fabrication additive“. Phd thesis, Ecole centrale de nantes - ECN, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00585342.
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Les procédés par ajout de matière sont soumis à des changements majeurs depuis ces dernières années. En effet, ils sont passés de procédés de prototypage rapide, à des procédés de fabrication additive pour la réalisation de pièces fonctionnelles. Ces changements ont entraîné de nouvelles attentes en termes de maîtrise de ces procédés. Dans le même temps, il subsiste certains problèmes dus à leur non-intégration dans une chaîne numérique complète et robuste. Ce point ne leur permet pas à l'heure actuelle de rattraper leur retard en terme de développement par rapport aux procédés plus traditionnels. Les limites de la structure actuelle au niveau de la commande numérique (s'appuyant sur le STL) des machines de fabrication additive ont été identifiées par les travaux de recherche de plusieurs groupes internationaux. La grande majorité a conclu au nécessaire développement d'une nouvelle structure de données basée sur le format STEP, qui apparaît comme étant un format adapté pour obtenir une chaîne numérique complète, robuste et s'appuyant sur des données de haut niveau conceptuel. Le but des travaux de thèse est donc de proposer une nouvelle structuration des données pour le procédé par ajout de matière basée sur le format STEP-NC puis dans le même temps de mettre en place une nouvelle chaîne numérique STEP-NC s'appuyant sur des DCN génériques du même type que ceux utilisés en usinage. La première partie du travail est la mise en place d'un modèle hiérarchisé des données nécessaire pour la description des procédés par ajout de matière. Ce modèle hiérarchisé permet d'identifier et de hiérarchiser toutes les données utiles à l'élaboration d'un projet de fabrication additive. La seconde étape consiste à partir des données du modèle hiérarchisé à la proposition d'un modèle de données STEP-NC pour l'introduction des procédés de fabrication additive dans la norme ISO 14649. Pour réaliser une chaîne numérique complète basée sur le STEP-NC, les travaux de l'équipe (qui concernent non seulement la fabrication additive mais aussi l'usinage) ont conduit à la mise en place d'une plateforme appelée SPAIM (STEP-NC Platform for Advanced and Intelligent Manufacturing). Dans cette plateforme la chaîne numérique complète (CAO-FAO-DNC) est intégrée autour d'un unique fichier STEP-NC sans perte d'information. Cette plateforme a de plus l'avantage de pouvoir être intégrée sur toutes les machines de nouvelle génération de fabrication additive équipées avec des DCN génériques.
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Laguionie, Raphael. „PROGRAMMATION AVANCEE DES MACHINES OUTILS :IMPLEMENTATION DE L'USINAGE TROCHOIDAL ET DU TREFLAGE DANS LA CHAINE NUMERIQUE STEP-NC“. Phd thesis, Ecole centrale de nantes - ECN, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00366065.
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L'augmentation de la productivité sur machine à commande numérique passe, entre autre, par l'amélioration de la programmation de celles-ci. Le langage sur lequel se base actuellement cette programmation date du début des années 80 avec la norme 6983 qui définit les principes du code G. Ce dernier présente certains inconvénients aux vues des nouvelles stratégies d'usinage et crée une rupture de la chaîne numérique au niveau de la fabrication. Un nouveau format émergeant, le STEP-NC, voit le jour actuellement dans le but de palier aux manques du code G et d'intégrer complètement la chaîne CAO-FAO-CN. Nos travaux ont pour objectif d'implanter deux nouvelles stratégies d'usinage, le tréflage et l'usinage trochoïdal, au sein du format STEP-NC. Pour ceci, nous nous basons sur une description des trajectoires à l'aide de courbes à motif. La construction de ces courbes se fait par répétition d'un motif le long d'une courbe guide. Pour mettre en avant la faisabilité de l'implantation de ces stratégies à motifs dans le format STEP-NC, nous avons développé une chaîne numérique complète permettant, à partir du modèle CAO, de créer le fichier STEP-NC, de générer les trajectoires et d'usiner la pièce sur machine à commande numérique. Une partie de l'intégration de l'usinage trochoïdal et du tréflage dans le format STEP-NC a été réalisé par implémentation dans le logiciel PosSFP, en collaboration avec le laboratoire de l'université de Postech en Corée. Plusieurs pièces tests ont ensuite été usinées pour valider l'ensemble de la chaîne numérique STEP-NC complète dans le cas de l'usinage trochoïdal.
Bücher zum Thema "ISO 14644"
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Kersten, Heinrich, Gerhard Klett, Jürgen Reuter und Klaus-Werner Schröder. IT-Sicherheitsmanagement nach der neuen ISO 27001. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-14694-8.
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Blokdyk, Gerardus. ISO 14644 1 a Complete Guide - 2020 Edition. Emereo Pty Limited, 2020.
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Blokdyk, Gerardus. ISO 14644 2 a Complete Guide - 2020 Edition. Emereo Pty Limited, 2020.
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Field, Arthur. Leonardo Bruni and Civic Humanism. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198791089.003.0004.
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This chapter describes how Leonardo Bruni (1370–1444), early identified as a radical (as he describes himself in an early dialogue), came to endorse many traditional values, while enriching them with elements of classical antiquity. The chapter contains an analysis of civic humanism and attempts to explain why Bruni came to be estranged from all the major Medicean humanists— Niccolò Niccoli, Carlo Marsuppini, Ambrogio Traversari, and finally Poggio. Also examined is the complicated question of Bruni’s relationship with the Medici after the latter came to power in 1434. Against most recent scholarship, it argues that Bruni retained an earlier endorsement of oligarchy and tradition and either opposed the Medici regime (the evidence here is complicated) or went into a state of intellectual isolation.
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Silva, Suzana Tavares da. Direito da eficiência energética. Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/978-989-26-1464-9.
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Se quisermos definir este Direito da Eficiência Energética em poucas palavras teremos de o caracterizar como abrangente e complexo. O nosso objectivo foi integrar num único volume a análise de todas as áreas jurídico-sectoriais que actualmente são abrangidas pela programação das políticas de eficiência energética e por isso o resultado final é abrangente. Procurámos atingir este desígnio juntando não apenas diversos contributos científicos, mas também diferentes visões, experiências e entendimentos do que é, do que pode ser e do que se espera que venha a ser mais esta especialização do “novo direito administrativo”. Queremos com isto alertar o leitor para o facto de estar perante textos que não apenas representam diferentes competências e diversas experiências profissionais, como ainda diferentes mundividências, pois a preocupação não se cingiu a procurar as complementaridades entre académicos e profissionais do sector, mas igualmente entre gerações. Este projecto permitiu assim aliar a valia científica, que agora é do conhecimento de todos, a um corpus imaterial que subjaz à urdidura destas páginas.
Buchteile zum Thema "ISO 14644"
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Zhang, Yu, Yongxian Liu und Xiaolan Bai. „The Research on the Intelligent Interpreter for ISO 14649 Programs“. In Advances in Computation and Intelligence, 523–34. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16493-4_53.
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Vogel, Johanna. „Das Projekt Museumswerkstatt im Kontext der Bildungsarbeit mit ausländischen Arbeitnehmern an der Münchner Volkshochschule“. In Diese Farbe ist mir wie deine grünen Augen, 8–15. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-14444-1_1.
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Zobel, Olga. „Die Museumswerkstatt im linguistischen Konzept“. In Diese Farbe ist mir wie deine grünen Augen, 16–18. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-14444-1_2.
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von Gemmingen, Ulla. „Diese Farbe ist mir wie Deine grünen Augen….“ In Diese Farbe ist mir wie deine grünen Augen, 19. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-14444-1_3.
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von Gemmingen, Ulla. „Museumswerkstatt mit Ausländern — Theoretische Ansätze“. In Diese Farbe ist mir wie deine grünen Augen, 20–52. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-14444-1_4.
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von Gemmingen, Ulla. „Werkstatt im Museum — die pädagogischen Ansätze“. In Diese Farbe ist mir wie deine grünen Augen, 53–93. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-14444-1_5.
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von Gemmingen, Ulla. „Beiträge der Teilnehmer in der Museumswerkstatt“. In Diese Farbe ist mir wie deine grünen Augen, 94–147. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-14444-1_6.
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Niebuhr, Stefan. „Stadtteilgeschichte mit jugendlichen Ausländern“. In Diese Farbe ist mir wie deine grünen Augen, 148–54. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-14444-1_7.
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Zacharias, Thomas. „Künstlerwerkstatt“. In Diese Farbe ist mir wie deine grünen Augen, 155–58. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-14444-1_8.
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Xu, Xun. „Integration Based on STEP Standards“. In Integrating Advanced Computer-Aided Design, Manufacturing, and Numerical Control, 246–65. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-714-0.ch011.
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The integration model (Model B) as discussed in the previous chapter makes use of exchangeable neutral data formats such as IGES (1980). Neutral data formats provide a middle tier to connect CAD and CAM systems. Thus, Model B can create a collaborative manufacturing environment and make the design data exchange possible for large projects at the international level. Yet, some problems still remain. IGES was designed to exchange geometrical information only, so additional design or manufacturing information (such as feature information) within a proprietary model is ignored. During data exchange, some information may become astray during data transfer; geometry stitching or model repair is often needed. Plus, IGES is not an international standard. As previously discussed, there are also problems common to both Models A and B (Figure 10.1). Different data formats (e.g. IGES and ISO 6983-1, 1982) are used in the designto- manufacturing chain. Data loss occurs in the transaction from design to manufacturing because only low-level, step-by-step sequential machining commands are passed onto the CNC controllers, leaving the complete product model behind. Of particular significance has been the endeavour made by the International Organization for Standardization to introduce the STEP Standard (i.e. ISO 10303-1 [1994]). Major aerospace and automotive companies have proven the value of STEP through production implementations resulting in savings of US $150 million per year (Gallaher, O’Connor & Phelps, 2002, PDES, Inc. 2006). Moreover, STEP has recently been extended to cater to manufacturing data modelling and execution with an aim to fill the information gap between CAD/CAPP/CAM and CNC. The standard is informally known as STEP-compliant Numerical Control, or otherwise STEP-NC for short. It was given an ISO name of “ISO 14649: Data model for Computerized Numerical Controllers (ISO 14649-1, 2003)”, which defines the STEP-NC Application Reference Model. With STEP being extended to model manufacturing information, a new paradigm of integrated CAD/CAPP/CAM/CNC is emerging. This is illustrated in Figure 11.1. The key to this paradigm is that no data conversion is required and the data throughout the design and manufacturing chain are preserved. This chapter focuses on the use of STEP standards to support data exchange between CAD systems as well as facilitate data flow between CAD, CAPP, CAM, and CNC systems. Also discussed are the specific integration issues between CAD and CAPP, CAPP and CAM, and CAM and CNC using STEP standards. STEP-NC data model is a relatively new member in the STEP family, but it completes the entire suite of STEP standards from design to NC machining. Both Physical File Implementation Method (ISO 10303-21, 1994) and XML Implementation Method (ISO/TS 10303-18, 2004) are presented as the two popular ways of implementing STEP and STEP-NC.
Konferenzberichte zum Thema "ISO 14644"
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Yusof, Y., K. Case und S. T. Newman. „Machining of Rotational Asymmetric Components With a Single Turning Centre“. In ASME 8th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2006-95163.
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The key to successful manufacturing of complicated geometry in numerically controlled machines lies in the control and quality of operations planning. Process planning, as it is considered plays an important role in the innovation process. It is the interface between product development and manufacturing system development. Hence, in this paper, process planning is considered to be an active part in the concurrent development of products and their manufacturing systems, not only as an activity where manufacturing resources are selected. The authors focus on the use of the new standard; ISO 14649, to address the process planning and machining of turn/mill discrete components. This paper identifies a view of how ISO 14649 can be used to combine turning and milling operations to achieve the complete machining of rotational asymmetric components at a single turning centre. The use of the individual parts of the evolving standard ISO 14649, namely Parts 10, 11, 12, 111 and 121 has been investigated to provide the means to represent STEP-compliant turn/mill component programs.
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Yamada, Hiroshi, Fumiki Tanaka und Masahiko Onosato. „Analysis of ISO 6983 NC Data Based on ISO 14649 CNC Data Model“. In 2006 SICE-ICASE International Joint Conference. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sice.2006.315043.
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Wang, Steve Hsueh-Ming, Shu-Ping Chang und Jing Shi. „Determination of Sustainable Design-Centered Factors for Manufacturing Bioprinting Material of Polylactic Acid“. In ASME 2015 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2015-9384.
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Sustainable design-centered manufacturing (SDM) is a competitive advantage for new product development. In this research, we determine the SDM factors for Polylactic Acid (PLA) production from cradle to gate. PLA is a mainstream material for bioprinting. We utilize a holistic method to determine the most sensitive and significant sustainability factors among economic, environmental, and social pillars, by adopting ISO 14040 and 14044 frameworks, life cycle cost analysis, and regression analysis methods. The results show that three major sustainability impact factors are profit, water consumption, and health and wellness effects, and the corresponding strategies are proposed. As a result, SDM can help increase profitability, create positive social impacts, reduce waste of resources, and utilize resources with efficiency.
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Landi, Daniele, Leonardo Postacchini, Paolo Cicconi, Filippo E. Ciarapica und Michele Germani. „Study and Design of Sustainable Packaging for Household Hoods“. In ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-85369.
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In industrialized countries, packaging waste is one of the major issues to deal with, representing around 35% of the total municipal solid waste yearly generated. Therefore, an analysis and an environmental assessment of packaging systems are necessary. This paper aims at analyzing and comparing the environmental performances of two different packaging for domestic hoods. It shows how, through a packaging redesign, it is possible to obtain a reduction of the environmental impacts. This study has been performed in accordance with the international standards ISO 14040/14044, by using attributional Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) from Cradle to Gate. The functional unit has been defined as the packaging of a single household hood. Primary data have been provided by a household hood manufacturer, while secondary data have been obtained from the Ecoinvent database. LCA software SimaPro 8.5 has been used to carry out the life cycle assessment, and ReCiPe method has been chosen for the life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) stage. The results have shown the new packaging model being able to cut down the environmental impacts of approximately 30%. These outcomes may be used by household manufacturers to improve performances and design solutions of their different packaging.
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Rauch, Matthieu, und Jean-Yves Hascoet. „A Manufacturing System for Advanced Multi-Process Manufacturing Based on Step-NC“. In ASME 2012 11th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2012-82443.
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Companies have to propose flexibility and interoperability in addition to robustness and efficiency to meet today demand of high customized products. The rise of high level object-oriented data models such as ISO 14649 — know as STEP-NC — enables manufacturing engineers to meet these requirements. In parallel, new manufacturing processes are now available. Theses processes, such as incremental sheet forming or cladding, are mature enough to be used in the industry. In addition to that, they are CNC controlled. They can be totally integrated into manufacturing data chains. It is consequently possible to use several processes on the same part and develop multi-process manufacturing approaches. Their success lies mainly upon the ability to select the best process with the best parameterization. The use of intelligent manufacturing systems is of great help to achieve this goal. The objective of this paper is to propose an intelligent manufacturing environment for multi-process manufacturing. Simulation and optimization approaches, advanced CNC programming methods are implemented in a coordinate way. Current CAD/CAM/CNC data chains limitations are overtaken by using STEP-NC. Finally, a practical implementation of such system is introduced. This experimental platform enables multi-process manufacturing with the industrial manufacturing equipment of the laboratory.
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Desideri, U., S. Proietti, F. Zepparelli, P. Sdringola und E. Cenci. „Life Cycle Assessment of a Reflective Foil Material and Comparison With Other Solutions for Thermal Insulation of Buildings“. In ASME 2011 5th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2011-54786.
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In the last twenty years, the exploitation of non-renewable resources and the effects of their applications on environment and human health were considered central topics in political and scientific debate on European and worldwide scale. This kind of resources have been used in different sectors, as energy systems, technological research, but also in private/public buildings and production of consumer goods, involving significantly domestic and ordinary life of every human being. Studies about the effect of this exploitation carried out discouraging results, in terms of climate changes and energy sustenance; this determined a progressive approach process to a new concept of development, able to couple the qualitative standard of modern life with the respect of planet and its inhabitants. Starting from this reflection, scientific community moved towards research on alternative resources and developed a new way to conceive planning process and technical innovations, in order to exploit renewable energies and recycled materials, promote energy savings and reduce environmental pollution. In this context the present paper aims at evaluating benefits relating to different solutions of thermal insulation in building envelope. In fact a high grade of insulation ensures better comfort conditions in inner spaces, reducing energy consumptions due to heating and cooling conditioning. The paper presents the results of a detailed Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of the reflective foil ISOLIVING, conceived and produced by an Italian company. The Life Cycle Assessment methodology allows to consider all stages of the life cycle, from the extraction of raw materials to the product’s disposal, in an optics “from cradle to grave.” In particular, the study takes into account the production phase of the reflective foil ISOLIVING, the installation phase, the transport of all components to the production site and also the end of life scenario of the material. The possibility to collect many detailed information about the production phase adds value to the study. The analysis is carried out according to UNI EN ISO 14040 and UNI EN ISO 14044, which regulate the LCA procedure. The LCA modeling was performed using SimaPro software application. The results of the analysis allow to make an important comparison concerning the environmental performances, between the reflective foil ISOLIVING and other types of insulating materials.
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Thomas, Lee, Laura Liebana, Terry Wood, Alaa Mansour, Ashley Coaker, Roy Hunt und Graeme Rogerson. „Pathway to Decarbonisation and Maximum Value Recovery for Remote Offshore Gas Fields“. In Offshore Technology Conference. OTC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/30941-ms.
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Abstract Gas developments are required to facilitate energy transition from carbon intensive energy to a sustainable balance of green and blue energy. The next decade will focus on exploiting gas fields globally to support this. A significant number of these fields are located in deepwater and /or are long distances from existing gas processing / LNG plants. Transporting large volumes of gas from remote gas fields over longer distances and in deeper waters remains technologically and economically challenging. Conventional and near-term development options include subsea compression, floating vessels with topside compression and pipeline tie-back to shore, or floating liquefied natural gas vessels. This paper and study are supported by The Oil & Gas Technology Centre (OGTC) and UK Oil and Gas Authority. It examines development options for a 200 km long 1700 m water depth tie back using integrated production modeling linked to power demands, along with installed steel tonnages. The Scope 1 and 2 emissions per unit of gas produced are analysed via a life cycle assessment using ISO 14044 as guidance for a long-distance gas tieback to the point of sale (inclusive of processing to sales specification). The major power intensive equipment used to develop these fields will be presented showing their proportion of the power consumption compared with the total; these include compression either onshore, offshore or subsea as well as the efficiency of the power generation devices in these environments. The paper will highlight the economics of each option and how varying the carbon price changes the commercial position of each option. The paper will show that by understanding what drives emissions, and how emissions relate to the amount of gas produced, that concept selection can drive upwards of 50% reduction in life cycle carbon emissions whilst improving project economic performance. This paper examines multiple innovative technologies, providing technology readiness of new concepts based on the benchmarked study focusing both economic and carbon emission aspects. Finally, the paper will show that better economic outcomes with the decarbonisation of gas gathering systems is technically possible and can be deployed subsea to help meet the energy transition and allow the development of remote and deeper gas fields.