Thematische Bibliographien / Is-ought dichotomy

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Is-ought dichotomy“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 18. Mai 2024

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Is-ought dichotomy"

Godzinski,, Ronald. „CALLICOTT’S ARCHIMEDEAN POINT-THE PROBLEM OF TRANSCENDING HUME’S IS/OUGHT DICHOTOMY“. Southwest Philosophy Review 21, Nr. 2 (2005): 115–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/swphilreview20052129.

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Lo, Y. S. „A Humean Argument for the Land Ethic?“ Environmental Values 10, Nr. 4 (November 2001): 523–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096327190101000406.

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This article examines an allegedly Humean solution provided by J. Baird Callicott to the problem of the is/ought dichotomy. It also examines an allegedly Humean argument provided by him for the land ethic's summary moral precept. It concludes that neither the solution nor the argument is Humean or cogent.

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Banicki, Konrad. „The character–personality distinction: An historical, conceptual, and functional investigation“. Theory & Psychology 27, Nr. 1 (01.01.2017): 50–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959354316684689.

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Many interdisciplinary discussions seem to operate on a tacit assumption that the notions of character and personality can be used interchangeably. In order to argue that such an assumption is at least partly erroneous, the character–personality distinction drawn in various contexts is systematically scrutinized both in an historical and conceptual way. Then, in turn, two particular issues are addressed. The character–personality distinction is shown to be reliant on the dichotomy between value and fact, respectively, and to have a considerable functional dimension with some of the functions fulfilled by the notion of character (but not by that one of personality). The outcomes achieved, finally, are referred to the subtle differences between the fact–value distinction and the Humean is–ought dichotomy.

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Zammito, John H. „The “Last Dogma” of Positivism: Historicist Naturalism and the Fact/Value Dichotomy“. Journal of the Philosophy of History 6, Nr. 3 (2012): 305–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18722636-12341235.

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Abstract Has the emergence of post-positivism in philosophy of science changed the terms of the “is/ought” dichotomy? If it has demonstrated convincingly that there are no “facts” apart from the theoretical frames and evaluative standards constructing them, can such a cordon sanitaire really be upheld between “facts” and values? The point I wish to stress is that philosophy of science has had a central role in constituting and imposing the fact/value dichotomy and a revolution in the philosophy of science should not leave the dichotomy unaffected. The connection between post-positivism and naturalism will be my guiding thread in considering this “last dogma of positivism.” First this essay will specify the sense of naturalism that it will take to be essential to the post-positivist philosophy of science: the deflation of the notion of the “purity” of scientific knowledge. Then it will turn to the question of the implications that follow for the “autonomy” of ethics, including the danger posed by a new form of scientistic reductionism.

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Li, Zhi, und Jiaxin Liu. „Normative or Non-Normative Marx: How is a Fact-Sensitive Normative Theory Possible?“ Journal of Social and Political Philosophy 2, Nr. 1 (Februar 2023): 34–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/jspp.2023.0041.

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Is it possible for historical materialism to have a specific normative basis that allows the scientific aspects of Marx’s theory to be compatible with his political philosophy and ethics? No consensus has so far been reached on this question. The debate between the normative Marx and the non -normative Marx starts with an acknowledgement of a dichotomy between facts and value. In order to resolve this dichotomy, many studies tend to place value rather than facts at the heart of their arguments – they attempt to demonstrate that Marx explored issues of justice, equality, and liberty at the normative level. However, by drawing on John R. Searle’s answer to the Humean question of ‘is’ and ‘ought’, we can adopt a different approach to the study that puts facts, rather than values, at the heart of the argument. Under this approach, Marx’s analysis of the facts of estrangement, surplus-value, and the like, does not consist of factual statements that exclude value and the scientific theories that result from them. Rather, it consists of the statement of institutional facts that contain values. In Marx’s case, a fact-sensitive normative theory is fully possible.

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Madell, Geoffrey. „Personal Identity and the Idea of a Human Being“. Royal Institute of Philosophy Supplement 29 (März 1991): 127–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1358246100007505.

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The central fact about the problem of personal identity is that it is a problem posed by an apparent dichotomy: the dichotomy between the objective, third-person viewpoint on the one hand and the subjective perspective provided by the first-person viewpoint on the other. Everyone understands that the mind/body problem is precisely the problem of what to do about another apparent dichotomy, the duality comprising states of consciousness on the one hand and physical states of the body on the other. By contrast, contemporary discussions of the problem of personal identity generally display little or no recognition of the divide which to my mind is at the heart of the problem. As a consequence, there has been a relentlessly third-personal approach to the issue, and the consequent proposal of solutions which stand no chance at all of working. I think the idea that the problem is to be clarified by an appeal to the idea of a human being is the latest manifestation of this mistaken approach. I am thinking in particular of the claim that what ought to govern our thinking on this issue is the fact that human beings constitute a natural kind, and that standard members of this kind can be said to have some sort of essence. Related to this is the idea that ‘person’, while not itself a natural kind term, is not a notion which can be framed in entire independence of this natural kind.

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Jorge, Richard. „(POST)COLONIAL DISCOURSE AND THE IRISH SELF IN THE WRITINGS OF J.S. LEFANU“. International Journal of Language and Literary Studies 1, Nr. 3 (28.12.2019): 71–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.36892/ijlls.v1i3.60.

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It is widely accepted that the relationships of dominance between the self and the other are concurrent to both the Gothic genre and postcolonial theory. In Gothic literature this relationship has traditionally been expressed through the dichotomy self vs. other, in which the self is the male protagonist while the latter is “everything else in that world” (Day 19), Gothic literature being, thus, an exploration of the formation of identity. In colonial Gothic this is brought under the axiom colonizer-colonized, and, therefore, characters are analysed as manifestations of a dichotomy which usually links first the other to the monstrous, who is subsequently presented as the colonized subject. The Irish case further complicates this simple binary relation. The running argument of the present paper is that far from being a dichotomy, the Irish case is better understood as a triangle in which two of its vertices are fixed—Catholics/Irish and English—while the third vertex, that of the Anglo-Irish, gradually shifts positions from the English to the Irish one, following a creolization process in which they are both victims and victimizers. The characters in the fictions of J.S. Le Fanu all epitomize this constrained relationship, displaying an array of roles who do not comfortably fit into either category, showing a pervading feeling of being ill-at-ease. As this paper shows, a deeper reading reveals these figures to be just the opposite of what the prototypical colonialist figure ought to be—weak and feeble, terrorized rather than terrorizer, in awe of the other instead of subduing it.

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Le Donne, Anthony. „Mnemonic Interplay: A Response to Byrskog, Bauckham, Zimmermann, and Schröter“. Journal for the Study of the Historical Jesus 16, Nr. 2-3 (06.12.2018): 173–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/17455197-01602004.

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In response to the essays by Bauckham, Byrskog, Schröter, and Zimmermann concerning “memory”, Le Donne summarizes and critiques four different applications of mnemonic studies to the Jesus tradition. The author notes the different approaches to sociology relative to memory and argues that both autobiographical memory and collective memory fall under the wider category of social memory. Moreover, contra Bauckham social memory is helpful avenue of study for historical Jesus research once properly understood. Contra Schröter, he argues that the study of the social components of autobiographical memory ought to play a part in scholarship concerning the Gospels. He also challenges the false dichotomy between the “remembered Jesus” and the “historical Jesus” as posed by Zimmermann.

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Zaborska, Sylwia. „The Dichotomy of Perception of Vehicle Registration Plate Numbers in Light of the Current Definition of Personal Data“. Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio G (Ius) 70, Nr. 2 (10.01.2024): 201–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/g.2023.70.2.201-212.

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Nowadays we use vehicle registration plate numbers increasingly frequently, e.g. for parking in paid parking zones or when using recordings from private on-board cameras. The processing of registration numbers can have a significant impact on the rights and freedoms of every citizen; therefore, it is essential to unambiguously determine whether vehicle registration plate numbers ought to be classified as personal data. This issue is varyingly interpreted by the case law of Polish courts and by the President of the Office for Personal Data Protection. This debate boils down to the question of whether we are able to identify a given individual based solely on a vehicle registration plate number. Administrative courts, as a rule, state that registration plates do not constitute personal data due to the fact that registration numbers identify a vehicle, not an individual. However, the President of the Office for Personal Data Protection is of a contrasting opinion, believing that indirect identification allows us to determine the owner of a vehicle based solely on the registration plate number.

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Norefalk, Christian. „The broad and the narrow account of education – A false dichotomy? Marley-Payne’s suggestion for amelioration of the concept of education“. Theory and Research in Education 20, Nr. 3 (November 2022): 289–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/14778785221143841.

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In his article ‘An Ameliorative Analysis of the Concept of Education’, Jack Marley-Payne sets out to provide an ameliorative analysis of the concept ‘education’. Marley-Payne draws an important distinction between what he labels the ‘Broad’ and the ‘Narrow’ account of education. His conclusion is that an ameliorative conceptual analysis of education favours the narrow account. The main argument is that a narrow approach, tightly connected to formal schooling, provides a better basis for pursuing an egalitarian agenda. Contrary to Marley-Payne, I will argue that an amelioration of the concept education need not favour either a wide notion or a narrow notion. I believe that there are other alternatives to choose from, that in fact leads to an amelioration of what education can and ought to mean. The problem with Marley-Payne’s conclusion is thus, not only that it builds upon a false dichotomy but also that it is not emancipatory enough. We need an amelioration that is inclusive rather than exclusive.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "Is-ought dichotomy"

Sarkar, Bijay Kumar. „Is-ought dichotomy : a critical reflection“. Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1451.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Is-ought dichotomy"

„Constitutive Rules and the Is-Ought Dichotomy“. In Normative Structures of the Social World, 79–99. BRILL, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004457034_007.

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„Chapter 5. Taoist Spontaneity and the Dichotomy of "Is" and "Ought"“. In A Companion to Angus C. Graham's <i>Chuang Tzu</i>, 157–80. University of Hawaii Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9780824851187-007.

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Callicott, J. Baird. „Hume’s Is/Ought Dichotomy and the Relation of Ecology to Leopold’s Land Ethic“. In The Ethics of the Environment, 121–32. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315239897-9.

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Morscher, Edgar. „The Grounds of Moral ‘Truths’“. In Bolzano's Philosophy of Grounding, 343–63. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192847973.003.0012.

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Central to Bolzano’s ethics is his supreme moral law, i.e. an ethical truth that grounds all other ethical truths. While Bolzano considers this law to be fundamental in the realm of ethics, he also claims that it is not an ungrounded, basic truth. This paper discusses Bolzano’s view in the context of a succinct reconstruction of his views on grounding, his ethics, and his deontic logic. A specific problem that is addressed concerns the is–ought dichotomy: Bolzano is well known for accepting it for deducibility (Ableitbarkeit); the question, however, is whether he also accepts it for grounding (as he states in an early diary entry but denies in Wissenschaftslehre).

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Artis, Mike. „Lessons of Exchange Rate Targeting“. In Managing The Global Economy, 252–67. Oxford University PressOxford, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198289692.003.0011.

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Abstract A wide variety of exchange rate targeting practices have been operated in the last decade and a half. This fact, together with the range of outcomes we can observe, ought to enable us to draw some conclusions about best practice for particular circumstances and objectives. The chapter is structured as follows. In the section immediately following, we discuss the numerous forms exchange rate targeting may take and the variety of objectives and motivations lying behind these alternatives. Then, in section 2, we turn to discuss three recent episodes of exchange rate targeting. These correspond to: the Plaza Accord episode; UK practice with respect to exchange rate targeting in the 1980s; and the ERM experience. In section 3, we attempt to draw some conclusions. It is fashionable to argue that experience suggests that only two alternatives are viable—freely flexible exchange rates or completely fixed exchange rates (as in monetary union). Our argument will be that this dichotomy is too stark and that intermediate positions are possible. However, the force behind the dichotomy is the respect that must be given to speculative capital movements. Any claims to detect sustainable intermediate positions must incorporate some means of coping with speculative pressures.

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