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1
Grineviciute, Lina, Soon Hock Ng, Molong Han, Tania Moein, Vijayakumar Anand, Tomas Katkus, Meguya Ryu et al. „Anisotropy of 3D Columnar Coatings in Mid-Infrared Spectral Range“. Nanomaterials 11, Nr. 12 (29.11.2021): 3247. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11123247.
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Polarisation analysis in the mid-infrared fingerprint region was carried out on thin (∼1 μm) Si and SiO2 films evaporated via glancing angle deposition (GLAD) method at 70∘ to the normal. Synchrotron-based infrared microspectroscopic measurements were carried out on the Infrared Microspectroscopy (IRM) beamline at Australian Synchrotron. Specific absorption bands, particularly Si-O-Si stretching vibration, was found to follow the angular dependence of ∼cos2θ, consistent with the absorption anisotropy. This unexpected anisotropy stems from the enhanced absorption in nano-crevices, which have orientation following the cos2θ angular dependence as revealed by Fourier transforming the image of the surface of 3D columnar films and numerical modeling of light field enhancement by sub-wavelength nano-crevices.
2
Nelke, Christopher, Marc Pawlitzki, Christina B. Schroeter, Niklas Huntemann, Saskia Räuber, Vera Dobelmann, Corinna Preusse et al. „High-Dimensional Cytometry Dissects Immunological Fingerprints of Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies“. Cells 11, Nr. 20 (21.10.2022): 3330. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11203330.
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Chronic inflammation of skeletal muscle is the common feature of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM). Given the rarity of the disease and potential difficulty of routinely obtaining target tissue, i.e., standardized skeletal muscle, our understanding of immune signatures of the IIM spectrum remains incomplete. Further insight into the immune topography of IIM is needed to determine specific treatment targets according to clinical and immunological phenotypes. Thus, we used high-dimensional flow cytometry to investigate the immune phenotypes of anti-synthetase syndrome (ASyS), dermatomyositis (DM) and inclusion-body myositis (IBM) patients as representative entities of the IIM spectrum and compared them to healthy controls. We studied the CD8, CD4 and B cell compartments in the blood aiming to provide a contemporary overview of the immune topography of the IIM spectrum. ASyS was characterized by altered CD4 composition and expanded T follicular helper cells supporting B cell-mediated autoimmunity. For DM, unsupervised clustering identified expansion of distinct B cell subtypes highly expressing immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) and CD38. Lastly, terminally differentiated, cytotoxic CD8 T cells distinguish IBM from other IIM. Interestingly, these terminally differentiated CD8 T cells highly expressed the integrin CD18 mediating cellular adhesion and infiltration. The distinct immune cell topography of IIM might provide the framework for targeted treatment approaches potentially improving therapeutic outcomes.
3
Nelke, Christopher, Marc Pawlitzki, Christina B. Schroeter, Niklas Huntemann, Saskia Räuber, Vera Dobelmann, Corinna Preusse et al. „High-Dimensional Cytometry Dissects Immunological Fingerprints of Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies“. Cells 11, Nr. 20 (21.10.2022): 3330. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11203330.
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Chronic inflammation of skeletal muscle is the common feature of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM). Given the rarity of the disease and potential difficulty of routinely obtaining target tissue, i.e., standardized skeletal muscle, our understanding of immune signatures of the IIM spectrum remains incomplete. Further insight into the immune topography of IIM is needed to determine specific treatment targets according to clinical and immunological phenotypes. Thus, we used high-dimensional flow cytometry to investigate the immune phenotypes of anti-synthetase syndrome (ASyS), dermatomyositis (DM) and inclusion-body myositis (IBM) patients as representative entities of the IIM spectrum and compared them to healthy controls. We studied the CD8, CD4 and B cell compartments in the blood aiming to provide a contemporary overview of the immune topography of the IIM spectrum. ASyS was characterized by altered CD4 composition and expanded T follicular helper cells supporting B cell-mediated autoimmunity. For DM, unsupervised clustering identified expansion of distinct B cell subtypes highly expressing immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) and CD38. Lastly, terminally differentiated, cytotoxic CD8 T cells distinguish IBM from other IIM. Interestingly, these terminally differentiated CD8 T cells highly expressed the integrin CD18 mediating cellular adhesion and infiltration. The distinct immune cell topography of IIM might provide the framework for targeted treatment approaches potentially improving therapeutic outcomes.
4
Nelke, Christopher, Marc Pawlitzki, Christina B. Schroeter, Niklas Huntemann, Saskia Räuber, Vera Dobelmann, Corinna Preusse et al. „High-Dimensional Cytometry Dissects Immunological Fingerprints of Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies“. Cells 11, Nr. 20 (21.10.2022): 3330. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11203330.
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Chronic inflammation of skeletal muscle is the common feature of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM). Given the rarity of the disease and potential difficulty of routinely obtaining target tissue, i.e., standardized skeletal muscle, our understanding of immune signatures of the IIM spectrum remains incomplete. Further insight into the immune topography of IIM is needed to determine specific treatment targets according to clinical and immunological phenotypes. Thus, we used high-dimensional flow cytometry to investigate the immune phenotypes of anti-synthetase syndrome (ASyS), dermatomyositis (DM) and inclusion-body myositis (IBM) patients as representative entities of the IIM spectrum and compared them to healthy controls. We studied the CD8, CD4 and B cell compartments in the blood aiming to provide a contemporary overview of the immune topography of the IIM spectrum. ASyS was characterized by altered CD4 composition and expanded T follicular helper cells supporting B cell-mediated autoimmunity. For DM, unsupervised clustering identified expansion of distinct B cell subtypes highly expressing immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) and CD38. Lastly, terminally differentiated, cytotoxic CD8 T cells distinguish IBM from other IIM. Interestingly, these terminally differentiated CD8 T cells highly expressed the integrin CD18 mediating cellular adhesion and infiltration. The distinct immune cell topography of IIM might provide the framework for targeted treatment approaches potentially improving therapeutic outcomes.
5
Nelke, Christopher, Marc Pawlitzki, Christina B. Schroeter, Niklas Huntemann, Saskia Räuber, Vera Dobelmann, Corinna Preusse et al. „High-Dimensional Cytometry Dissects Immunological Fingerprints of Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies“. Cells 11, Nr. 20 (21.10.2022): 3330. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11203330.
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Chronic inflammation of skeletal muscle is the common feature of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM). Given the rarity of the disease and potential difficulty of routinely obtaining target tissue, i.e., standardized skeletal muscle, our understanding of immune signatures of the IIM spectrum remains incomplete. Further insight into the immune topography of IIM is needed to determine specific treatment targets according to clinical and immunological phenotypes. Thus, we used high-dimensional flow cytometry to investigate the immune phenotypes of anti-synthetase syndrome (ASyS), dermatomyositis (DM) and inclusion-body myositis (IBM) patients as representative entities of the IIM spectrum and compared them to healthy controls. We studied the CD8, CD4 and B cell compartments in the blood aiming to provide a contemporary overview of the immune topography of the IIM spectrum. ASyS was characterized by altered CD4 composition and expanded T follicular helper cells supporting B cell-mediated autoimmunity. For DM, unsupervised clustering identified expansion of distinct B cell subtypes highly expressing immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) and CD38. Lastly, terminally differentiated, cytotoxic CD8 T cells distinguish IBM from other IIM. Interestingly, these terminally differentiated CD8 T cells highly expressed the integrin CD18 mediating cellular adhesion and infiltration. The distinct immune cell topography of IIM might provide the framework for targeted treatment approaches potentially improving therapeutic outcomes.
6
Nelke, Christopher, Marc Pawlitzki, Christina B. Schroeter, Niklas Huntemann, Saskia Räuber, Vera Dobelmann, Corinna Preusse et al. „High-Dimensional Cytometry Dissects Immunological Fingerprints of Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies“. Cells 11, Nr. 20 (21.10.2022): 3330. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11203330.
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Chronic inflammation of skeletal muscle is the common feature of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM). Given the rarity of the disease and potential difficulty of routinely obtaining target tissue, i.e., standardized skeletal muscle, our understanding of immune signatures of the IIM spectrum remains incomplete. Further insight into the immune topography of IIM is needed to determine specific treatment targets according to clinical and immunological phenotypes. Thus, we used high-dimensional flow cytometry to investigate the immune phenotypes of anti-synthetase syndrome (ASyS), dermatomyositis (DM) and inclusion-body myositis (IBM) patients as representative entities of the IIM spectrum and compared them to healthy controls. We studied the CD8, CD4 and B cell compartments in the blood aiming to provide a contemporary overview of the immune topography of the IIM spectrum. ASyS was characterized by altered CD4 composition and expanded T follicular helper cells supporting B cell-mediated autoimmunity. For DM, unsupervised clustering identified expansion of distinct B cell subtypes highly expressing immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) and CD38. Lastly, terminally differentiated, cytotoxic CD8 T cells distinguish IBM from other IIM. Interestingly, these terminally differentiated CD8 T cells highly expressed the integrin CD18 mediating cellular adhesion and infiltration. The distinct immune cell topography of IIM might provide the framework for targeted treatment approaches potentially improving therapeutic outcomes.
7
Nelke, Christopher, Marc Pawlitzki, Christina B. Schroeter, Niklas Huntemann, Saskia Räuber, Vera Dobelmann, Corinna Preusse et al. „High-Dimensional Cytometry Dissects Immunological Fingerprints of Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies“. Cells 11, Nr. 20 (21.10.2022): 3330. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11203330.
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Chronic inflammation of skeletal muscle is the common feature of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM). Given the rarity of the disease and potential difficulty of routinely obtaining target tissue, i.e., standardized skeletal muscle, our understanding of immune signatures of the IIM spectrum remains incomplete. Further insight into the immune topography of IIM is needed to determine specific treatment targets according to clinical and immunological phenotypes. Thus, we used high-dimensional flow cytometry to investigate the immune phenotypes of anti-synthetase syndrome (ASyS), dermatomyositis (DM) and inclusion-body myositis (IBM) patients as representative entities of the IIM spectrum and compared them to healthy controls. We studied the CD8, CD4 and B cell compartments in the blood aiming to provide a contemporary overview of the immune topography of the IIM spectrum. ASyS was characterized by altered CD4 composition and expanded T follicular helper cells supporting B cell-mediated autoimmunity. For DM, unsupervised clustering identified expansion of distinct B cell subtypes highly expressing immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) and CD38. Lastly, terminally differentiated, cytotoxic CD8 T cells distinguish IBM from other IIM. Interestingly, these terminally differentiated CD8 T cells highly expressed the integrin CD18 mediating cellular adhesion and infiltration. The distinct immune cell topography of IIM might provide the framework for targeted treatment approaches potentially improving therapeutic outcomes.
8
Nelke, Christopher, Marc Pawlitzki, Christina B. Schroeter, Niklas Huntemann, Saskia Räuber, Vera Dobelmann, Corinna Preusse et al. „High-Dimensional Cytometry Dissects Immunological Fingerprints of Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies“. Cells 11, Nr. 20 (21.10.2022): 3330. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11203330.
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Chronic inflammation of skeletal muscle is the common feature of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM). Given the rarity of the disease and potential difficulty of routinely obtaining target tissue, i.e., standardized skeletal muscle, our understanding of immune signatures of the IIM spectrum remains incomplete. Further insight into the immune topography of IIM is needed to determine specific treatment targets according to clinical and immunological phenotypes. Thus, we used high-dimensional flow cytometry to investigate the immune phenotypes of anti-synthetase syndrome (ASyS), dermatomyositis (DM) and inclusion-body myositis (IBM) patients as representative entities of the IIM spectrum and compared them to healthy controls. We studied the CD8, CD4 and B cell compartments in the blood aiming to provide a contemporary overview of the immune topography of the IIM spectrum. ASyS was characterized by altered CD4 composition and expanded T follicular helper cells supporting B cell-mediated autoimmunity. For DM, unsupervised clustering identified expansion of distinct B cell subtypes highly expressing immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) and CD38. Lastly, terminally differentiated, cytotoxic CD8 T cells distinguish IBM from other IIM. Interestingly, these terminally differentiated CD8 T cells highly expressed the integrin CD18 mediating cellular adhesion and infiltration. The distinct immune cell topography of IIM might provide the framework for targeted treatment approaches potentially improving therapeutic outcomes.
9
Pottluarai, Bhargavi Devi, und Sharmila Kasinathan. „Thinning Algorithms Analysis Minutiae Extraction with Terminations and Bifurcation Extraction from the Single-Pixeled Thinned Biometric Image“. Instrumentation Mesure Métrologie 21, Nr. 6 (31.12.2022): 225–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/i2m.210603.
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Biometrics is the automatic identification of individuals based on physiological and behavioral characteristics. In today's technologically advanced digital world, it is regarded as the new digital key. There are two operating modes for biometric systems: identification and verification. The most popular biometric modalities are fingerprints, which are employed in many different industries and professions. Three distinct thinning methods are examined in this study. The proposed work looks into how thinning affects fingerprints, as well as minutiae extraction and texture feature analysis. To improve the quality of the fingerprints, thinning techniques such as Zhang- Suen's, Halls, and Guo Halls have been used. In terms of minutiae extraction, the thinning methods were compared. The minutiae points obtained were used to elaborate on the precision rate of fingerprints after processing. The simulations were run, and the experimental data was examined.
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Pawar, Vaishali, und Mukesh Zaveri. „K-Means Graph Database Clustering and Matching for Fingerprint Recognition“. Intelligent Information Management 07, Nr. 04 (2015): 242–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/iim.2015.74019.
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11
Deliktas, Tahsin, Mathias Liewald, Philipp Clauß, Iris Kuntz, Tobias Schmid-Schirling, Matthias Feurer, Georgios Dimitropoulos, Folker Wientapper und Friedrich Räuchle. „Kontrolle und Identifizierung von Pressteilen im freien Fall/Control and identification of cold forged parts in free fall – The big hit: Process digitization in free fall in cold extrusion“. wt Werkstattstechnik online 113, Nr. 10 (2023): 389–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/1436-4980-2023-10-11.
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Am Institut für Umformtechnik der Universität Stuttgart wurde eine automatisierte Messanlage in eine Kaltmassivumformungs-Produktionslinie integriert. Das Projekt zielt darauf ab, Bauteile durch einen digitalen „Fingerabdruck“ zu identifizieren, Prozess- und Bauteildaten zu erfassen und sie mit individuellen Pressteilen zu verknüpfen. Die Schlüsselkomponente ist eine Prüfkugel des Fraunhofer IPM, die während des freien Falls des Pressteils Fotos aufnimmt und sie für Kontrolle, Identifikation und Fehlererkennung nutzt. The Institute for Metal Forming Technology at the University of Stuttgart collaborated with partners to automate measurement in a cold forging production line. The project aims for marker-free component identification via „Fingerprint Track & Trace“, process and component data measurement, and data association with individual components. A key component is Fraunhofer IPM‘s inspection sphere, capturing photos of falling pressed parts for dimensional accuracy checks, error detection, and fingerprint determination.
12
Nkemjika Grace Nnama und Damian Ezejindu. „Relationship between Fingerprint patterns and Multiple Intelligence among young adults in Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Anambra State“. World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 12, Nr. 1 (30.10.2021): 349–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2021.12.1.0445.
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The field of neuroscience is fast emerging with the various types of intelligence becoming critical to the overall wellbeing of an individual. The aim of this study is to understand the relationship between fingerprint patterns and multiple intelligence among young adults (18-26 years) in Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Anambra state. Two hundred and forty one subjects were enlisted in this study, comprising 140 females (58.1%) and 101 males (41.9%). Each subject filled the Howard Gardner model of Multiple intelligence test and were examined on the different forms of Multiple Intelligence: Linguistic, Logical, and Kinesthetic. Musical, Spatial, Interpersonal, Intrapersonal and Naturalist intelligences. Their fingerprint patterns were gotten with a fingerprint scanner. The data collected was analyzed using the IBM Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS 2.0). Also Chi square test was used to test the differences between variable groups and analysis showed that intrapersonal intelligence had the highest percentage of 28.2% followed by logical and interpersonal intelligence. Naturalistic intelligence had the least percentage of 3.2%. Males also showed a higher dominance of Logical, interpersonal, spatial, and kinesthetic intelligence; whereas females showed higher musical, naturalistic, linguistic, and intrapersonal intelligence. Also, the highest occurrence for the loop fingerprint was found among students with intrapersonal and musical intelligence; the highest occurrence for whorl was found among students with spatial and kinesthetic intelligence; and the highest occurrence of arch is found among students with naturalistic and linguistic intelligence. There was however, no significant difference observed in the relationship between multiple intelligence and tribe. The result of this study confirmed that every individual has different forms of intelligence at different levels and the knowledge of this may be useful in selecting career prospects.
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Pertille, Fabiane, Adriano Alberti, Josiane Aparecida de Jesus, Bruna Becker da Silva, Renan Souza, Guilherme Rosa de Abreu, Clarissa Martinelli Comim und Rudy José Nodari Junior. „Fingerprint Patterns in Women with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Computerized Dermatoglyphic Analysis“. Acta Scientiarum. Health Sciences 45 (28.06.2023): e61110. http://dx.doi.org/10.4025/actascihealthsci.v45i1.61110.
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Dermatoglyphics can be used as a supporting tool in the early detection of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in women. The present study aims to investigate the fingerprints of women with type 2 diabetes mellitus through the dermatoglyphic method, and to compare them with women without the disease. It was conducted by obtaining the fingerprints of all 10 fingers of 268 women – which is known as the dermatoglyphic method –, using the Dermatoglyphic Reader®, with data processed in SPSS (IBM SPSS), version 20.0, and a significance level of p< 0.05. The researched groups are homogeneous for the age, weight and height variables. The group of women with diabetes had a higher average number of lines on the left thumb, as well as the highest total number of lines on the left hand. Moreover, they had a greater number of deltas, in addition to presenting the whorl shape on fingers 1 to 5 of the left hand, and 1 to 4 of the right hand. We concluded that women with type 2 diabetes had a mark of observation concerning their biological individuality on their fingerprints that differs from that of women without the disease.
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Loaldi, Dario, Danilo Quagliotti, Matteo Calaon, Paolo Parenti, Massimiliano Annoni und Guido Tosello. „Manufacturing Signatures of Injection Molding and Injection Compression Molding for Micro-Structured Polymer Fresnel Lens Production“. Micromachines 9, Nr. 12 (10.12.2018): 653. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi9120653.
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Injection compression molding (ICM) provides enhanced optical performances of molded polymer optics in terms of birefringence and transmission of light compared to Injection molding (IM). Nevertheless, ICM requires case-dedicated process optimization to ensure that the required high accuracy geometrical replication is achieved, particularly especially in the case of surface micro-features. In this study, two factorial designs of experiments (DOE) were carried out to investigate the replication capability of IM and ICM on a micro structured Fresnel lens. A laser scanning confocal microscope was employed for the quality control of the optical components. Thus, a detailed uncertainty budget was established for the dimensional measurements of the replicated Fresnel lenses, considering specifically peak-to-valley (PV) step height and the pitch of the grooves. Additional monitoring of injection pressure allowed for the definition of a manufacturing signature, namely, the process fingerprint for the evaluation of the replication fidelity under different process conditions. Moreover, considerations on the warpage of parts were related to a manufacturing signature of the molding processes. At last, the global part mass average and standard deviation were measured to correlate local geometrical replication performances with global part quality trends.
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Povey, Jane F., Emily Saintas, Adewale V. Aderemi, Florian Rothweiler, Richard Zehner, Wilhelm G. Dirks, Jindrich Cinatl et al. „Intact-Cell MALDI-ToF Mass Spectrometry for the Authentication of Drug-Adapted Cancer Cell Lines“. Cells 8, Nr. 10 (02.10.2019): 1194. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells8101194.
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The use of cell lines in research can be affected by cell line misidentification. Short tandem repeat (STR) analysis is an effective method, and the gold standard, for the identification of the genetic origin of a cell line, but methods that allow the discrimination between cell lines of the same genetic origin are lacking. Here, we use intact cell MALDI-ToF mass spectrometry analysis, routinely used for the identification of bacteria in clinical diagnostic procedures, for the authentication of a set of cell lines consisting of three parental neuroblastoma cell lines (IMR-5, IMR-32 and UKF-NB-3) and eleven drug-adapted sublines. Principal component analysis (PCA) of intact-cell MALDI-ToF mass spectrometry data revealed clear differences between most, but not all, of the investigated cell lines. Mass spectrometry whole-cell fingerprints enabled the separation of IMR-32 and its clonal subline IMR-5. Sublines that had been adapted to closely related drugs, for example, the cisplatin- and oxaliplatin-resistant UKF-NB-3 sublines and the vincristine- and vinblastine-adapted IMR-5 sublines, also displayed clearly distinctive patterns. In conclusion, intact whole-cell MALDI-ToF mass spectrometry has the potential to be further developed into an authentication method for mammalian cells of a common genetic origin.
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Rebouças Filho, Wilson Leite. „THE ROLE OF AI IN ENHANCING IDENTITY AND ACCESS MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS“. Revista ft 26, Nr. 117 (30.12.2022): 15–16. https://doi.org/10.69849/revistaft/ni10202212302015.
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In the modern digital world, safeguarding sensitive data and managing access to critical systems are essential for organizations. Identity and Access Management (IAM) is a key framework for controlling access to systems and data, ensuring only authorized users can gain access. Traditionally relying on static methods like passwords, IAM systems are now facing challenges due to the complexity of cyber threats and the increasing number of users and devices. To address these issues, AI is transforming IAM by improving user authentication, detecting security anomalies, and refining permission management. AI contributes to user authentication through biometric technologies like facial recognition, fingerprint scanning, and voice recognition, reducing vulnerabilities from traditional methods. Machine learning also enhances authentication by continuously analyzing user behavior, adapting systems to recognize legitimate users more accurately. Additionally, AI plays a vital role in anomaly detection by analyzing user activity data across various platforms and identifying unusual patterns that indicate potential threats. AI's impact extends to dynamic and context-aware permission management, offering real-time adjustments based on factors such as user role and location. Furthermore, AI supports continuous risk assessment and regulatory compliance by monitoring user activities and ensuring proper access controls. The integration of AI in IAM also strengthens cloud security, as seen in the research of Muppa (2022), Mandru (2022), Oduri (2019), Mohammed (2021), Ramakrishnan (2021), and Subburaman (2022), who explore how AI helps mitigate emerging threats, optimize authentication, and improve access control in cloud environments. Ultimately, AI in IAM offers a more adaptive, resilient, and precise solution to evolving security challenges. Organizations adopting AI-powered IAM systems will be better equipped to face future cyber threats, ensuring both data protection and operational continuity.
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Schertel, Lukas, Gea T. van de Kerkhof, Gianni Jacucci, Laura Catón, Yu Ogawa, Bodo D. Wilts, Colin J. Ingham, Silvia Vignolini und Villads E. Johansen. „Complex photonic response reveals three-dimensional self-organization of structural coloured bacterial colonies“. Journal of The Royal Society Interface 17, Nr. 166 (Mai 2020): 20200196. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2020.0196.
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Vivid colours found in living organisms are often the result of scattering from hierarchical nanostructures, where the interplay between order and disorder in their packing defines visual appearance. In the case of Flavobacterium IR1, the complex arrangement of the cells in polycrystalline three-dimensional lattices is found to be a distinctive fingerprint of colony organization. By combining analytical analysis of the angle-resolved scattering response of in vivo bacterial colonies with numerical modelling, we show that we can assess the inter-cell distance and cell diameter with a resolution below 10 nm, far better than what can be achieved with conventional electron microscopy, suffering from preparation artefacts. Retrieving the role of disorder at different length scales from the salient features in the scattering response enables a precise understanding of the structural organization of the bacteria.
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Knoll, Julia, und Hans-Peter Heim. „Analysis of the Machine-Specific Behavior of Injection Molding Machines“. Polymers 16, Nr. 1 (22.12.2023): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16010054.
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The performance of an injection molding machine (IMM) influences the process and the quality of the parts manufactured. Despite increasing data collection capabilities, their machine-specific behavior has not been extensively studied. To close corresponding research gaps, the machine-specific behavior of two hydraulic IMMs of different sizes and one electric IMM were compared with each other as part of the investigations. Both the start-up behavior from the cold state and the behavior of the machine at different operating points were considered. To complement this, the influence of various material properties on the machine-specific behavior was investigated by processing an unreinforced and glass-fiber-reinforced polyamide. The results obtained provide crucial insights into machine-specific behavior, which may, for instance, account for disparities between computer fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations and experimental results. Furthermore, it is expected that the description of the machine-specific behavior can contribute to transfer knowledge when applying transfer learning algorithms. Looking ahead to future research, it is advised to create what is referred to as a “machine fingerprint”, and this proposal is accompanied by some preliminary recommendations for its development.
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Fossion, R. „Nuclear phase transitions near the critical points: a study with the Relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov model, the Interacting Boson Model and the Boson Coherent-State Framework“. HNPS Proceedings 15 (01.01.2020): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/hnps.2630.
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We present an analysis of the intensity of 2-particle transfer reactions in the Interacting Boson Model (IBM), and in the Boson Coherent-State framework, as a tool to study nuclear phase transitions. We study transfer reactions between two ground states, and between the ground state and the band head of the beta-vibrational band. We suggest characteristic fingerprints that should allow experimentalists to identify the critical points of the nuclear phase transition. Two analytical solutions, X(5) and E(5), have been proposed recently for two of the critical points. We present a study within the Relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov model (RHB), using Potential-Energy Surfaces (PES), to test whether the initial approximations made in deriving the analytical solutions are valid.
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Carmichael, Stephen W. „Microscopes aren't just for Microscopists, Anymore (Continued)“. Microscopy Today 2, Nr. 6 (September 1994): 3–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1551929500066438.
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Microscopes are being used to obtain more and more information from a specimen. We are all acquainted with various ways to visualize structures, whether on the surface or embedded within a relatively translucent specimen. There are many ways to “tag” a molecule of interest so that the molecule can be positively identified within the specimen. Traditional microscopes are not able to identify a molecule for us. Other analytical tools are used for that. For example, the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrum of a molecular species yields a “fingerprint” that gives a reliable identification. Wouldn't it be great to combine the sensitivity of a state-of-the-art microscope with the molecular analytical capabilities of NMR?Well you guessed it, this has been done. This approach was first suggested by John A. Sidles at the University of Washington and has recently been demonstrated by Dan Rugar and colleagues at the IBM Almaden Research Center in San Jose.
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Wang, Fei, Yu Geng, Wei Ming Zhang und Xin Geng. „Identification of ZAG Protein as a Novel Serologic Biomarker Candidate for Liver Cancer“. Advanced Materials Research 340 (September 2011): 383–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.340.383.
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To identify Zinc-alpha-2-glycoprotein (ZAG) expression in HCC for serum biomarker, by analyzing the serum proteome of the patients suffering from primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), liver cirrhosis and healthy donors. The serum proteome of the patients from HCC, liver cirrhosis and healthy donors were separated and identified by two-dimensional electrophoresis. The differentially expressed proteins were analyzed by peptide mass fingerprint based on MALDI-TOF-MS and SWISS-PROT or BLAST nr database searching. RT-PCR and Western blotting analysis were used to confirm expression of ZAG in HCC. Five differentially expressed proteins were identified. Albumin, Serotransferrin, CD5 antigen-like precursor ( IgM - associated peptide) were down-regulated in HCC, ZAG and Ig gamma-1 chain C region were up-regulated in HCC. ZAG, a lipid mobilizing factor, is a member of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I family of protein. Five proteins which were found differentially expressed in HCC provided useful information for screening diagnostic tumor markers of human HCC. ZAG might be a novel candidate serum biomarker for HCC early diagnosis.
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Radifar, Muhammad, Nunung Yuniarti und Enade Perdana Istyastono. „PyPLIF-ASSISTED REDOCKING INDOMETHACIN-(R)-ALPHA-ETHYL-ETHANOLAMIDE INTO CYCLOOXYGENASE-1“. Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 13, Nr. 3 (18.12.2013): 283–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.21289.
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Identification of Protein-Ligand Interaction Fingerprints (PLIF) has been performed as the rescoring strategy to identify the best pose for the docked poses of indomethacin-(R)-α-ethyl-etanolamide (IMM) in the binding site of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) from simulations using PLANTS molecular docking software version 1.2 (PLANTS1.2). Instead of using the scoring functions included in the docking software, the strategy presented in this article used external software called PyPLIF that could identify the interactions of the ligand to the amino acid residues in the binding pocket and presents them as binary bitstrings, which subsequently were compared to the interaction bitstrings of the co-crystal ligand pose. The results show that PyPLIF-assisted redocking strategy could select the correct pose much better compared to the pose selection without rescoring. Out of 1000 iterative attempts, PyPLIF-assisted redocking simulations could identify 971 correct poses (more than 95%), while the redocking simulations without PyPLIF could only identify 500 correct poses (50%).These works have also provided us with the initial step of the construction of a valid Structure-Based Virtual Screening (SBVS) protocol to identify COX-1 inhibitors.
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Faroque, Muhammad Umer, Sajida Noureen, Shafaat Hussain Mirza, Muhammad Nawaz Tahir und Maqsood Ahmed. „Structure and electrostatic properties of the pyrimethamine–3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid cocrystal in water solvent studied using transferred electron-density parameters“. Acta Crystallographica Section C Structural Chemistry 75, Nr. 1 (01.01.2019): 46–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053229618017060.
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Pyrimethamine is an antimalarial drug. The cocrystal salt form of pyrimethamine with 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid in water solvent has been synthesized, namely 2,4-diamino-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-ethylpyrimidin-1-ium 3,5-dihydroxybenzoate hemihydrate, C12H14ClN4 +·C7H5O4 −·0.5H2O. X-ray diffraction data were collected at room temperature. Refinement of the crystal structure was carried out using the classical Independent Atom Model (IAM), while the electrostatic properties were studied by transferring electron-density parameters from an electron-density database. The Cl atom was refined anharmonically. The results of both refinement methods were compared. Topological analyses were carried out using Bader's theory of Atoms in Molecules (AIM). The three-dimensional Hirshfeld surface analysis and the two-dimensional fingerprint maps of individual molecules revealed that the crystal structures are dominated by H...O/O...H and H...H contacts. Other close contacts are also present, including weak C...H/H...C contacts. Charge transfer between the pyrimethamine and 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid molecules results in a molecular assembly based on strong intermolecular hydrogen bonds. This is further validated by the calculation of the electrostatic potential based on transferred electron-density parameters. The current work proves the significance of the transferability principle in studying the electron-density-derived properties of molecules in cases where high-resolution diffraction data at low temperature are not available.
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Tharmar Nataraja Moorthy, Ivan Nikkimor Lao Dinglasa und Myrtati Dyah Artaria. „Development of Formulae to Determine Living Stature using Handprint Anthropometry of Tagalog People in the Philippines“. Folia Medica Indonesiana 59, Nr. 3 (10.09.2023): 282–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/fmi.v59i3.47573.
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Highlights: 1. This is the first-ever anthropological study on Tagalog people in the Philippines that has established formulae for determining stature using handprint length measurements.2. This study has generated formulae that are applicable for personal identification purposes within real crime scenes. Abstract Forensic science plays a crucial role in the pursuit of justice, particularly through the identification of physical evidence found at crime scenes, such as human fingerprints and handprints. This study aimed to develop formulae for determining living stature using the handprint anthropometry of Tagalog people, an indigenous ethnic group in the Philippines. A total of 360 Tagalog volunteers, comprising 180 men and 180 women, were recruited. This study excluded subjects who had finger and hand-related diseases, injuries, or were under the age of 18. The materials used were a stadiometer for height measurement, a digital vernier caliper for handprint measurements, and a handprint kit to collect handprints. Five length measurements were collected for each handprint. The length measurement spanned the distance from the middle wrist crease to the tips of each of the five fingers. The data were analyzed statistically using regression analysis (p<0.05) in IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 26.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, N.Y., USA). The analysis results produced equations for determining stature using all the length measurements of the handprints. The study involved the calculation of correlation coefficients (r values) and standard deviations using the stature and handprint lengths of individuals of both genders. The results are presented in the form of tables and figures. The study concluded with the development of regression equations that may be utilized for determining stature based on various handprint length measurements of the Tagalog people. This study represents the first-ever anthropological study conducted on the Philippine Tagalog population within the scope of this research subject matter. The formulae can be applied to actual crime scenes for the purpose of personal identification.
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Wieser, Monika, Hanna Worliczek, Peter Kämpfer und Hans-Jürgen Busse. „Bacillus herbersteinensis sp. nov.“ International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 55, Nr. 5 (01.09.2005): 2119–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.63660-0.
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Two bacterial strains, designated D-1,5aT and D-1,5b, were isolated from a medieval wall painting in the chapel of Castle Herberstein, Styria (Austria). The Gram-positive, heterotrophic, aerobic, spore-forming rods showed nearly identical whole-cell protein patterns, identical genomic fingerprints and identical physiological profiles, demonstrating their relationship at the species level. Both strains contained meso-diaminopimelic acid in their peptidoglycan, possessed a quinone system comprising menaquinone MK-7 and had fatty acid profiles in which C15 : 0 iso and C15 : 0 anteiso were predominant. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of D-1,5aT showed the highest similarity (99·5 %) to the sequence of Bacillus sp. LMG 20243, and Bacillus flexus IFO 15715T was the next most closely related established species (96·5 %). Other type strains, such as Bacillus fastidiosus DSM 91T, Bacillus indicus SD/3T, Bacillus cibi JG-30T, Bacillus megaterium IAM 13418T, Bacillus cohnii DSM 6308T, Bacillus bataviensis LMG 21833T and Bacillus soli LMG 21838T, shared 96·0–96·1 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with D-1,5aT. The combination of physiological and chemotaxonomic traits distinguishes the two strains from those species sharing the highest sequence similarities (96·0–96·5 %). On the basis of these characteristics and the phylogenetic position of strain D-1,5aT (=DSM 16534T=CCM 7228T), this strain is assigned as the type strain of a novel species of the genus Bacillus, for which the name Bacillus herbersteinensis sp. nov. is proposed.
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Buonfrate, Dora, Paola Rodari, Daniele Brunelli, Monica Degani, Andrea Ragusa, Stefano Tais, Martina Todeschini und Zeno Bisoffi. „Diagnostic study on an immunochromatographic rapid test for schistosomiasis: comparison between use on serum and on blood spot from fingerprick“. BMJ Open 8, Nr. 3 (März 2018): e019228. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019228.
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BackgroundAn immunochromatographic rapid test (ICT; Schistosoma ICT IgG-IgM, LDBIO Diagnostics) demonstrated high sensitivity (96%) in the diagnosis ofSchistosoma mansoniandS. haematobium. To date, the test has been validated for use on serum only, but in the absence of lab equipment, blood drop from fingerprick could be a useful option. This method is acquiring more interest because of the high flow of migrants rapidly moving across Italy and other European countries.ObjectiveThe aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the use of ICT on whole blood obtained from fingerprick.SettingCentre for Tropical Diseases (CTD), Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar, Verona, Italy.ParticipantsThe inclusion criteria were African migrants aged ≥18 years with epidemiological risk of infection. The exclusion criteria were refusal to participate in the study and impossibility of execution of one of the two study methods, for any reason. Seventy of the 72 eligible patients completed the study, 79% of whom were male.InterventionsThe ICT was performed twice for each included patient: one on blood drop (by the research nurses, in the ward) and one on serum (by staff of CTD lab). The primary outcome was the concordance between the two methods, assessed by Cohen’s kappa.ResultsCohen’s kappa was 0.45 (95% CI 27.0 to 63.6), indicating moderate agreement between the ICT on serum and the ICT on blood drop. Assuming the results on serum as reference standard for diagnosis, the sensitivity and specificity of ICT on blood drop were 55% (95% CI 40 to 69) and 93% (95% CI 79 to 98), respectively.ConclusionsThe agreement between the two diagnostic methods is too low to support the alternative one. Implementation of the kit for using blood drop instead of the serum and/or further studies aimed to identify easy-to-use tests for schistosomiasis feasible outside referral centres for tropical diseases are needed.
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Justé, A., S. Van Trappen, C. Verreth, I. Cleenwerck, P. De Vos, B. Lievens und K. A. Willems. „Characterization of Tetragenococcus strains from sugar thick juice reveals a novel species, Tetragenococcus osmophilus sp. nov., and divides Tetragenococcus halophilus into two subspecies, T. halophilus subsp. halophilus subsp. nov. and T. halophilus subsp. flandriensis subsp. nov.“ International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 62, Nr. 1 (01.01.2012): 129–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.029157-0.
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Most bacteria recovered so far from sugar thick juice during storage represent strains of the species Tetragenococcus halophilus. Recently, several Gram-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming cocci with other physiological and genetic traits were isolated from sugar thick juice samples from different origins. In this study, representative isolates were investigated using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between these isolates and their closest relative, Tetragenococcus muriaticus, was 97.4 %. The level of DNA–DNA relatedness between isolate T1T, representing the newly found Tetragenococcus isolates, and T. muriaticus was 57 %. Isolate T1T had a DNA G+C content of 36.7 mol%. Phylogenetic data and genomic and phenotypic features demonstrated that the isolates represent a novel species, for which the name Tetragenococcus osmophilus sp. nov. is proposed with T1T as the type strain ( = LMG 26041T = DSM 23765T). Additionally, T. halophilus isolates from high-salt and high-sugar environments showed clear differences in several physiological and genetic characteristics like RAPD fingerprints and 16S rRNA gene sequences. DNA–DNA hybridizations, however, showed 79 to 80 % relatedness between osmophilic and halophilic T. halophilus isolates, demonstrating that the different strains belong to the same species. Based on the phenotypic and genotypic differences observed, as well as the different origins of the strains and the industrial relevance of thick juice degradation, two subspecies of T. halophilus are described in this manuscript: T. halophilus subsp. halophilus subsp. nov. for the strains isolated from salt media and T. halophilus subsp. flandriensis subsp. nov. for the strains isolated from sugar-rich environments, which were first isolated in Flanders, Belgium. The type strains for the subspecies are IAM 1676T ( = LMG 11490T = DSM 20339T) and T5T ( = LMG 26042T = DSM 23766T), respectively.
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Longe, Harold, Douglas V. Faller und Gerald V. Denis. „Telomere-Based Pre-Clinical Therapy in a Murine Model of Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma of the Diffuse Large B Cell (DLCL)Type.“ Blood 106, Nr. 11 (16.11.2005): 607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.607.607.
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Abstract The dual bromodomain Brd2 is closely related to the basal transcription factor TAFII250, which is essential for cyclin A transactivation and mammalian cell cycle progression. Constitutive expression of BRD2 (under Eμ control) in the lymphoid lineage of transgenic mice elevates basal transcription of cyclin A, destabilizes the cell cycle and leads to B cell leukemias and lymphomas that are monoclonal, morphologically uniform, transplantable and highly malignant. The surface immunophenotype of the lymphoma cells is: B220+, CD19+, sIgM+, CD5+, CD9+; B7-1 and B7-2 elevated, CD23low; CD11b-, Ly-6G- and CD49b-, supporting lymphoid-restricted lineage; CD117- (c-kit) and CD127- (interleukin-7 receptor α-chain), consistent with mature cells; CD25-, syndecan-1-, and CD69- and exhibit a high IgM/low IgD ratio, which taken together identify a B-1 cell type. Malignant, proliferating cells infiltrate lymph nodes, liver, lung and kidney, and at late stages, cause anemia and a fatal peripheral leukemia over a 14-day time course from tumor cell transplantation to death. Genome-wide transcriptional expression profiling of these lymphoma cells reveals a transcriptional fingerprint that is most similar to human diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLCL) with an “activated B cell” signature, consistent with histopathology, and establishes a novel murine DLCL model. DLCL is the most common type of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) in humans; all lymphomas combined are the fifth most common type of cancer diagnosed and the sixth most common cause of death in the United States. We treated syngeneic transplanted mice with CHOP (i.e. cyclophosphamide 40 mg/kg i.v., doxorubicin 3.3 mg/kg i.v., vincristine 0.5 mg/kg i.v. and predisone 0.2 mg/kg p.o. every day for 14 days) and monitored individual lymphoma cells, tagged with human-CD4+, by flow cytometry of lymphoid and non-lymphoid organs. In a novel approach, we supplemented CHOP with DNA oligonucleotides that mimic the chromosomal telomere, which we call a “T-oligo.” Normal cells exposed to this drug in vitro undergo transient cell cycle arrest, but DLCL cells undergo p53-dependent apoptosis. The mechanism immediately suggests a novel method of chemotherapy for leukemia and lymphoma to supplement CHOP. In mice treated systemically with CHOP and T-oligo, we observed major reductions in the leukemic burden in peripheral blood, reduced lymphadenopathy, reduced leukemic infiltrates of non-lymphoid organs and splenomegaly in the combined (“CHOP+T”) regimen over CHOP alone. We also confirmed in normal B lymphocytes that T-oligo causes only cell cycle arrest, not apoptosis. Mice likewise showed low toxicity to T-oligo at the effective doses, opening the way to a more extensive pre-clinical trial of this novel approach to NHL therapy.
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Obidi, Joyce, Patricia Burke, Trishna Goswami, Laura Richman, Dirk Mendel und Haifeng Bao. „Interrogation Of Signaling Networks In B Cell Malignancies To Improve Classification Of Patient Subsets For Targeted Therapy“. Blood 122, Nr. 21 (15.11.2013): 1786. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v122.21.1786.1786.
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Abstract Targeted therapies have demonstrated promising advances in treatment of B cell malignancies. The premise of this project is that patients with closely related signaling “fingerprints” will have similar biological and clinical features. The objectives were to identify signaling profiles that are associated with clinical features and classify patients based on a signaling signature. 19 DLBCL and CLL cell lines with different molecular features were assessed in this study to establish relevant signaling features. We examined chronic BCR signaling, which leads to the activation of several downstream signaling pathways such as MAPK, AKT and NFκB pathways, in DLBCL and CLL cell lines. Phosphoflow cytometry was used to profile cell lines; a panel of 2 stimulation conditions was combined with 3 phospho-protein readouts. Basal level signal activities in cells were compared to enhance activation with PMA/IONO and F(ab’)2 IgG/IgM. We observed that AKT signaling in cell lines contrasted significantly with signaling in Normal B cells (CD20+ PBMCs). Constitutive activation of the AKT signaling pathways at baseline was observed in DLBCL cell lines; very high basal phosphorylated Ribosomal Protein S6 was observed in ABC (activated B-cell) phenotype DLBCL cell lines. In addition, upon ex vivo stimulation 30% of the cell lines demonstrated high level of pathway activity when compared to normal B cells. In this study we have identified 2 distinct signaling profiles based on BCR signaling in DLBCL cell lines; 7 of 12 DLBCL cell lines demonstrated impaired BCR signaling and 4 of 12 cell lines were hyper responsive to BCR stimulation. In the case of NFκB signaling, ex vivo stimulation revealed an absence of functional NFκB activity in the several cell lines. However, the lack of NFκB pathway activity observed in these cell lines was restored with the use of a phosphatase inhibitor, indicating that impaired signaling is not through loss of kinase function but is due to an increase in negative regulation. We also explored inhibition of pathway activities in response to small molecule inhibitors targeting BCR signaling. The inconsistency in MAPK, AKT, and NFκB pathway activities observed could aid in defining a signaling profile applicable to patient stratification. Overall, our results suggest that profiling of signaling network activities represents a promising approach to molecularly classifying DLBCL and CLL subtypes. Disclosures: Obidi: MedImmune: Employment. Burke:MedImmune: Employment. Goswami:MediImmune: Employment. Richman:MedImmune: Employment. Mendel:Medimmune: Employment. Bao:MediImmune: Employment.
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Berlanga, Oscar, Jane Birtwistle, Syreeta Allen, Gemma Malin, Cristina Simion, Habib El-Khoury, Julia Colchie et al. „Multi-Center Clinical Validation of a Mass Spectrometry Immunoassay for the Diagnosis and Monitoring of Multiple Myeloma and Associated Disorders“. Blood 142, Supplement 1 (28.11.2023): 3667. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2023-189050.
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Introduction: Mass spectrometry (MS) technology holds great promise for the investigation of monoclonal proteins (M proteins) in peripheral blood. We present results from a multi-center clinical validation study using quantitative immunoprecipitation MS (QIP-MS). QIP-MS combines isotype-specific immunopurification with matrix-assisted laser-desorption ionization MS, and offers automated, sensitive detection, isotyping and quantification of M proteins. It reports the mass/charge ratio (m/z) of the involved light chain, which serves as molecular fingerprint for monitoring the M protein. Methods: The study included 460 diagnosed monoclonal gammopathy (MG) patients (160 multiple myeloma (MM), 112 smoldering MM (SMM), 120 monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), 47 Waldenström's Macroglobulinemia (WM), and 21 AL amyloidosis), and 170 disease controls for assessing diagnostic sensitivity and specificity. Sixty-four MM patients with 439 follow-up samples and 10 WM patients with 91 follow-up samples were included to evaluate the ability of QIP-MS to detect M protein changes related to treatment. Median follow up was 19 and 15 months, respectively. Serum samples were retrospectively analyzed at three sites. QIP-MS was carried out using the automated EXENT® solution (in development, The Binding Site, part of Thermo Fisher Scientific). The assay's diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were calculated based on categorizing results as positive or negative. A positive result was defined in baseline samples as the presence of an M protein which was either an intact immunoglobulin ≥0.200 g/L or a light chain only. Results by QIP-MS were also compared to serum protein electrophoresis (SPE) and immunofixation electrophoresis (IFE). QIP-MS response categories were defined based on M protein changes per international guidelines criteria, and compared to response categories assigned by the treating physician. Complete response (CR) was defined as absence of the M-peak that was observed at baseline, using isotype and m/z value of ±4 as criterion for identity. Results: The overall diagnostic sensitivity of QIP-MS in this study was 95.0%: 93.3% for MGUS; 100.0% for SMM; 94.4% for MM; 100.0% for WM; and 71.4% for AL amyloidosis. The diagnostic specificity of the assay was 68.2%. QIP-MS identified an M protein in more MG patients compared to SPE: 437 (95.0%) vs 398 (86.5%). The positivity rate by QIP-MS vs SPE was 93.3% vs 84.2% in MGUS; 100% vs 92.9% in SMM; 94.3% vs 85.0% in MM; 100% vs 100% in WM and 71.4% vs 47.6% in AL amyloidosis. Method comparison demonstrated a Passing-Bablok slope of 0.8 to 1.2 between QIP-MS and SPE for the quantification of M proteins for each disease group and for each isotype, except for monoclonal IgM and in WM (slope of 1.58). In SPE-positive MG patients, the overall concordance between QIP-MS and IFE for M protein isotype was 97%. The overall concordance rate between QIP-MS response categories and standard response assignment was 55% for MM and 56% for WM: 48% for progressive disease (PD); 63% for stable disease (SD); 46% for minimal response (MR); 71% for partial response (PR); 66% for very good partial response (VGPR); and 25% for CR in MM patients. Among 73 responses categorized as CR, QIP-MS produced a positive result for the original clone in 55 (75.3%) cases. Concordance rates in WM patients were 71% for PD%; 30% for SD; 38% for MR; and 74% for PR; no VGPR or CR were reported by either method. Conclusions: In this study, QIP-MS demonstrated the potential for same or superior diagnostic sensitivity compared to SPE, high concordance with IFE for the M protein isotype and good quantitative agreement with SPE measurements of the M proteins. It reported higher IgM values compared to SPE, likely due to reliance on turbidimetric immunoglobulin measurement for quantitations. Diagnostic specificity was impacted by the identification of minor M proteins, not detectable by SPE, and whose clinical significance requires further investigation. QIP-MS demonstrated “moderate” to “fair” agreement for response assignment in MM and WM, respectively, mostly due to the detection of residual M proteins in a significant proportion of patients in CR, in line with its enhanced analytical sensitivity. These data support the use of QIP-MS as an aid in the diagnosis and monitoring of MGs.
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Kumar, Naveen, Rakshita Dhar, Cesar Pascual Garcia und Vihar Petkov Georgiev. „(Invited) A Novel Computational Framework for Simulations of Bio-Field Effect Transistors“. ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-01, Nr. 33 (28.08.2023): 1867. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-01331867mtgabs.
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In this paper, we present the simulation results of a BioFET using a novel simulation methodology implemented in a computational framework called the Biomolecule-Oxide Simulator (BOxSim). Our novel simulation methodology is based on Gouy-Chapman-Stern and the modified Site-binding models [1][2]. Moreover, our “BOxSim” framework is the computational simulation framework that works on the hierarchical inclusion of interdependent functions to operate multiple models simultaneously. BOxSim is flexible simulation environment which considers the problems of reactive sites from oxide surfaces or non-specific bindings along with the noise present in the experimental signal to calibrate and extract the required device output characteristics [3]. It can help in generating the sensor response which can be experimentally calibrated to confirm the surface density of the specific and non-specific binding as a yield of the process while filtering the noise with the help of the developed methodology. BOxSim is designed in a way [shown in the attached block diagram] that can interact with the commercial tool (e.g., Synopsys TCAD) and our inhouse-simulator called Nano-electronic Simulation Software (NESS) to simulate the main device characteristics for designing either Ion-sensitive FET (ISFET) or Chem/Bio-FET based on the application. Industry-standard compact (BSIM) models can also be used to interact with the BOxSim which takes the generated surface potential from the BOxSim simulator and transfers it into a circuit simulator to evaluate various ISFET circuit designs. To show the capabilities of our BOxSim framework, as input we have considered several oxides, amino acids (AA) and short peptides which generate distinct signatures for arch AA or peptide. We have investigated the impact of various high-k dielectric materials [4][5] as the gate oxide on important Figures of Merit (FoM) such as current in the channel of the device, surface potential (Ψ o ), sensitivity and intrinsic buffer capacitance [6]. More importantly, the variation of differential capacitance (CT ) with the second gradient of drain current (d2 I o /dpH2 ) and surface potential (d2 Ψ o /dpH2 ) are used to uniquely identify the signatures of different amino acids or peptides. Fig. 1 shows the characteristics of different oxides with respect to the pH variation. The surface potential of oxides is dependent on the affinity constants and the zero-crossover point represents the zwitterion state. Similarly, we have simulated the detection process of different AA such as Glutamic Acid (E) and Lysine (K) immobilized with carboxyl (C-Imm.) or amine (N-Imm.) terminal [Fig. 2]. The affinity constants, isoelectric point, and density of amino acids can be extracted from the d2Ψo/dpH2 variation with the bulk pH. Other than amino acids, we have shown the distinct features of short a peptide Phenylalanine-Proline (FP) immobilized with carboxyl-terminal and the addition of Glutamic Acid to the sequence [Fig. 3]. The sensor output can be observed as the variation of drain current with the pH for the immobilized peptide sequence on the sensing surface. We have also confirmed the reliability of the designed model by calibrating the simulated results with the experimental data [7] for different physical conditions [Fig. 4]. The proposed method can be helpful in defining an efficient method for label-free protein sequencing. References: Van Hal, R.E.G., Eijkel, J.C.T. and Bergveld, P., 1995. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 24(1-3), pp.201-205. Bergveld, P., Van Hal, R.E.G. and Eijkel, J.C.T., 1995. Biosensors and bioelectronics, 10(5), pp.405-414. Kumar, N., Dhar, R.P.S., García, C.P. and Georgiev, V., 2022. Discovery of Amino Acid fingerprints transducing their amphoteric signatures by field-effect transistors. Medina-Bailon, C., Kumar, N., Dhar, R.P.S., Todorova, I., Lenoble, D., Georgiev, V.P. and García, C.P., 2021. Sensors, 21(15), p.5190. Dhar, R., Kumar, N., Garcia, C.P. and Georgiev, V., 2022. Solid-State Electronics, p.108525. Dhar, R., Kumar, N., Garcia, C.P. and Georgiev, V., 2022. Solid-State Electronics, p.108374. Shukla, R.P., Bomer, J.G., Wijnperle, D., Kumar, N., Georgiev, V.P., Singh, A.C., Krishnamoorthy, S., Pascual García, C., Pud, S. and Olthuis, W., 2022. Sensors, 22(15), p.5783. Figure 1
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Li, Yicheng, Dongxiao Yang, Yingfeng Cai und Hai Wang. „Intelligent Vehicle Localization and Navigation Based on Intersection Fingerprint Roadmap (IRM) in Underground Parking Lots“. Measurement Science and Technology, 27.11.2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6501/ad1027.
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Abstract The localization and navigation of underground parking lots presents a “last mile” problem for intelligent vehicles. To address the issues of poor localization and navigation efficiency caused by the lack of global navigation satellite system signals in this scenario, this study presents a low-cost and computationally efficient real-time localization and navigation algorithm. The algorithm begins by constructing a node fingerprint based on the characteristics of underground parking lot intersections and proposes an intersection fingerprint roadmap (IRM). To address the problem of difficult initial position computation during navigation, a node-level localization method based on scene matching and pose calculation is proposed and then combined with the IRM. Finally, the IRM is used to search for routes on the scene plan and perform path smoothing to obtain a globally feasible driving route. The algorithm proposed in this study can achieve fast vehicle localization and real-time navigation with low computational power, and the proposed localization method can be applied not only to underground parking lots but also to other outdoor scenes. The method is evaluated on datasets collected from different environments, and the experimental results show that the algorithm has an average localization error of approximately 20 cm and provides faster navigation speed and smoother navigation in comparison with other algorithms.
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„IBM puts fingerprint into ThinkPads“. Biometric Technology Today 12, Nr. 10 (November 2004): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0969-4765(04)00213-9.
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Kriegeskorte, Nikolaus. „Intersubject information mapping: revealing canonical representations of complex natural stimuli“. ScienceOpen Research, 26.02.2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.14293/s2199-1006.1.sor-socsci.apdixf.v1.
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Abstract Real-world time-continuous stimuli such as video promise greater naturalism for studies of brain function. However, modeling the stimulus variation is challenging and introduces a bias in favor of particular descriptive dimensions. Alternatively, we can look for brain regions whose signal is correlated between subjects, essentially using one subject to model another. Intersubject correlation mapping (ICM) allows us to find brain regions driven in a canonical manner across subjects by a complex natural stimulus. However, it requires a direct voxel-to-voxel match between the spatiotemporal activity patterns and is thus only sensitive to common activations sufficiently extended to match up in Talairach space (or in an alternative, e.g. cortical-surface-based, common brain space). Here we introduce the more general approach of intersubject information mapping (IIM). For each brain region, IIM determines how much information is shared between the subjects' local spatiotemporal activity patterns. We estimate the intersubject mutual information using canonical correlation analysis applied to voxels within a spherical searchlight centered on each voxel in turn. The intersubject information estimate is invariant to linear transforms including spatial rearrangement of the voxels within the searchlight. This invariance to local encoding will be crucial in exploring fine-grained brain representations, which cannot be matched up in a common space and, more fundamentally, might be unique to each individual – like fingerprints. IIM yields a continuous brain map, which reflects intersubject information in fine-grained patterns. Performed on data from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of subjects viewing the same television show, IIM and ICM both highlighted sensory representations, including primary visual and auditory cortices. However, IIM revealed additional regions in higher association cortices, namely temporal pole and orbitofrontal cortex. These regions appear to encode the same information across subjects in their fine-grained patterns, although their spatial-average activation was not significantly correlated between subjects.
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Martina, Stefano, Lorenzo Buffoni, Stefano Gherardini und Filippo Caruso. „Learning the noise fingerprint of quantum devices“. Quantum Machine Intelligence 4, Nr. 1 (01.04.2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42484-022-00066-0.
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AbstractNoise sources unavoidably affect any quantum technological device. Noise’s main features are expected to strictly depend on the physical platform on which the quantum device is realized, in the form of a distinguishable fingerprint. Noise sources are also expected to evolve and change over time. Here, we first identify and then characterize experimentally the noise fingerprint of IBM cloud-available quantum computers, by resorting to machine learning techniques designed to classify noise distributions using time-ordered sequences of measured outcome probabilities.
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Xuan, Tran, Nguyen Hung, Thi Quynh Huong Le, Duc Cong Vu und Nguyen Ngoc-Anh. „Investigation of empirical heat capacity in hot-rotating A ∼ 200 nuclei“. Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics, 29.07.2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6471/ac8568.
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Abstract The empirical heat capacities of some hot-rotating A ∼ 200 nuclei (184Re, 200Tl, 211Po, and 212At) have been investigated by combining the angular-momentum dependent back-shifted Fermi gas (BSFG) model of nuclear level density (NLD) with the experimental NLD data extracted from the neutron-evaporation spectra at the total angular momentum J = 12 hbar. The parameters of the BSFG are obtained by fitting its NLD to the corresponding measured data by using an advanced package of Program Modeling (CPM) provided by Python feature of IBM Decision Optimization CPLEX. The results obtained show that the shell correction plays an important role in the formation of empirical S-shaped heat capacity, which serves as a fingerprint for the pairing phase transition in finite nuclear systems. The 184Re nucleus, which is deformed and has small shell correction, exhibits a weaker S-shaped heat capacity than the remaining three spherical 200Tl, 211Po, and 212At nuclei that have large shell effect. This result contrasts with that recently predicted by the microscopic exact pairing plus independent-particle model at finite temperature (EP+IPM), in which the S-shaped heat capacity was predicted in 184Re only. This discrepancy between the heat capacities obtained within the BSFG and EP+IPM models suggests that an NLD model capable of well describing the experimental data while also having intrinsic and as complete as possible physical interpretations is still required in order to provide the exact description of nuclear thermodynamic quantities. In addition, more experimental NLD data in other mass and higher energy regions are also demanded.
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Pirnay, Niklas, Anna Pappa und Jean-Pierre Seifert. „Learning classical readout quantum PUFs based on single-qubit gates“. Quantum Machine Intelligence 4, Nr. 2 (22.06.2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42484-022-00073-1.
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AbstractPhysical unclonable functions (PUFs) have been proposed as a way to identify and authenticate electronic devices. Recently, several ideas have been presented to that aim to achieve the same for quantum devices. Some of these constructions apply single-qubit gates in order to provide a secure fingerprint of the quantum device. In this work, we formalize the class of classical readout quantum PUFs (CR-QPUFs) using the statistical query (SQ) model and explicitly show insufficient security for CR-QPUFs based on single-qubit rotation gates, when the adversary has SQ access to the CR-QPUF. We demonstrate how a malicious party can learn the CR-QPUF characteristics and forge the signature of a quantum device through a modelling attack using a simple regression of low-degree polynomials. The proposed modelling attack was successfully implemented in a real-world scenario on real IBM Q quantum machines. We thoroughly discuss the prospects and problems of CR-QPUFs where quantum device imperfections are used as a secure fingerprint.
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Radić, Gordana. „The Usage of Information Technology in the Implementation of the Bologna Principle of the Student Mobility“. JITA - Journal of Information Technology and Applications (Banja Luka) - APEIRON 1, Nr. 1 (15.06.2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.7251/jit1101024r.
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In this paper, student mobility is observed as one of the steps in realization of the Digital Agenda of the European Union. Student mobility, as one of the main principles of the Bologna process, is the means of effectiveness increase and quality of the educational system in European Higher Education Area, EHEA, because it enables better exchange and flow of knowledge and ideas, as well as the adoption of good practices. Management Identity (IdM) system of the Higher Educational institution is a system which supports student mobility by using personal information when accessing data. The basic identity document in this system is a student smart card with the owner’s fingerprint. This biometrical data insures high level of data and identity protection. This paper proposes informational system which, in itself, contains standards for student mobility support as one of the modules of the IdM system of the Higher Educational institution.
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Yermanos, Alexander, Nike Julia Kräutler, Alessandro Pedrioli, Ulrike Menzel, Victor Greiff, Tanja Stadler, Annette Oxenius und Sai T. Reddy. „IgM Antibody Repertoire Fingerprints in Mice Are Personalized but Robust to Viral Infection Status“. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology 10 (28.05.2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2020.00254.
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Dai, Shuzhi, Jingjing Li, Jing Li, Long Li, Lin Shi, Ling Cao, Xuemei Zhong, Weijie Liu, Ying Wang und Lijuan Ma. „Analysis of 4 cases of children with false-positive results of novel coronavirus-specific antibody“. BMC Pediatrics 22, Nr. 1 (28.06.2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12887-022-03425-9.
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Abstract Background This study attempts to explore the influencing factors and solutions of the colloidal gold method for novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)-specific IgM/IgG antibody detection, summarize the clinical experience and perfect the examination process, improving the application value of antibody detection in COVID-19 diagnosis. Methods A total of 13,329 peripheral whole blood/plasma/serum samples were obtained for COVID-19 screening from children who visited the Children's Hospital of the Capital Institute of Pediatrics outpatient clinic from April 22, 2020, to November 30, 2020. The colloidal gold method was adopted for 2019-nCoV-specific IgM/IgG antibody detection. The virus nucleic acid test results, clinical records, and serum protein fingerprint results of antibody-positive patients were collected. Results All samples were examined using the colloidal gold method with two 2019-nCoV-specific IgM/IgG antibody detection kits. Four patients were tested single antibody-positive using both kits. The details were as follows: two cases of IgM ( +) and IgG (-) using plasma and serum separately, two cases of IgM (-) and IgG ( +) using serum and whole blood. The protein fingerprinting results and nucleic acid tests of 2019-nCoV antibodies were negative in the 4 cases. Considering the epidemiological history, clinical manifestations, and test results, these 4 children were ruled out for 2019-nCoV infection. Conclusions When the colloidal gold method was used to detect 2019-nCoV-specific IgM/IgG antibodies, it was important to ascertain the test results as precisely as possible. Specimen type and patient history may interfere with the diagnosis.
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Svensson, Thomas, Akiko Kishi Svensson, Mariusz Kitlinski, Gunnar Engström, Jan Nilsson, Marju Orho-Melander, Peter M. Nilsson und Olle Melander. „Very short sleep duration reveals a proteomic fingerprint that is selectively associated with incident diabetes mellitus but not with incident coronary heart disease: a cohort study“. BMC Medicine 22, Nr. 1 (23.04.2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12916-024-03392-1.
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Abstract Background The molecular pathways linking short and long sleep duration with incident diabetes mellitus (iDM) and incident coronary heart disease (iCHD) are not known. We aimed to identify circulating protein patterns associated with sleep duration and test their impact on incident cardiometabolic disease. Methods We assessed sleep duration and measured 78 plasma proteins among 3336 participants aged 46–68 years, free from DM and CHD at baseline, and identified cases of iDM and iCHD using national registers. Incident events occurring in the first 3 years of follow-up were excluded from analyses. Tenfold cross-fit partialing-out lasso logistic regression adjusted for age and sex was used to identify proteins that significantly predicted sleep duration quintiles when compared with the referent quintile 3 (Q3). Predictive proteins were weighted and combined into proteomic scores (PS) for sleep duration Q1, Q2, Q4, and Q5. Combinations of PS were included in a linear regression model to identify the best predictors of habitual sleep duration. Cox proportional hazards regression models with sleep duration quintiles and sleep-predictive PS as the main exposures were related to iDM and iCHD after adjustment for known covariates. Results Sixteen unique proteomic markers, predominantly reflecting inflammation and apoptosis, predicted sleep duration quintiles. The combination of PSQ1 and PSQ5 best predicted sleep duration. Mean follow-up times for iDM (n = 522) and iCHD (n = 411) were 21.8 and 22.4 years, respectively. Compared with sleep duration Q3, all sleep duration quintiles were positively and significantly associated with iDM. Only sleep duration Q1 was positively and significantly associated with iCHD. Inclusion of PSQ1 and PSQ5 abrogated the association between sleep duration Q1 and iDM. Moreover, PSQ1 was significantly associated with iDM (HR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.06–1.53). PSQ1 and PSQ5 were not associated with iCHD and did not markedly attenuate the association between sleep duration Q1 with iCHD. Conclusions We here identify plasma proteomic fingerprints of sleep duration and suggest that PSQ1 could explain the association between very short sleep duration and incident DM.
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Filho, Wilson Leite Rebouças. „THE ROLE OF AI IN ENHANCING IDENTITY AND ACCESS MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS“. International Seven Journal of Multidisciplinary 1, Nr. 2 (10.01.2025). https://doi.org/10.56238/isevmjv1n2-011.
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In the modern digital world, safeguarding sensitive data and managing access to critical systems are essential for organizations. Identity and Access Management (IAM) is a key framework for controlling access to systems and data, ensuring only authorized users can gain access. Traditionally relying on static methods like passwords, IAM systems are now facing challenges due to the complexity of cyber threats and the increasing number of users and devices. To address these issues, AI is transforming IAM by improving user authentication, detecting security anomalies, and refining permission management. AI contributes to user authentication through biometric technologies like facial recognition, fingerprint scanning, and voice recognition, reducing vulnerabilities from traditional methods. Machine learning also enhances authentication by continuously analyzing user behavior, adapting systems to recognize legitimate users more accurately. Additionally, AI plays a vital role in anomaly detection by analyzing user activity data across various platforms and identifying unusual patterns that indicate potential threats. AI's impact extends to dynamic and context-aware permission management, offering real-time adjustments based on factors such as user role and location. Furthermore, AI supports continuous risk assessment and regulatory compliance by monitoring user activities and ensuring proper access controls. The integration of AI in IAM also strengthens cloud security, as seen in the research of Muppa (2022), Mandru (2022), Oduri (2019), Mohammed (2021), Ramakrishnan (2021), and Subburaman (2022), who explore how AI helps mitigate emerging threats, optimize authentication, and improve access control in cloud environments. Ultimately, AI in IAM offers a more adaptive, resilient, and precise solution to evolving security challenges. Organizations adopting AI-powered IAM systems will be better equipped to face future cyber threats, ensuring both data protection and operational continuity.
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Smart, Scott E., Zixuan Hu, Sabre Kais und David A. Mazziotti. „Relaxation of stationary states on a quantum computer yields a unique spectroscopic fingerprint of the computer’s noise“. Communications Physics 5, Nr. 1 (25.01.2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s42005-022-00803-8.
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AbstractQuantum computing has the potential to revolutionize computing, but its significant sensitivity to noise requires sophisticated error correction and mitigation. Traditionally, noise on the quantum device is characterized directly through qubit and gate measurements, but this approach has drawbacks in that it does not adequately capture the effect of noise on realistic multi-qubit applications. In this paper, we simulate the relaxation of stationary quantum states on a quantum computer to obtain a unique spectroscopic fingerprint of the computer’s noise. In contrast to traditional approaches, we obtain the frequency profile of the noise as it is experienced by the simulated stationary quantum states. Data from multiple superconducting-qubit IBM processors show that noise generates a bath within the simulation that exhibits both colored noise and non-Markovian behavior. Our results provide a direction for noise mitigation but also suggest how to use noise for quantum simulations of open systems.
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Verma, Akhilesh, Vijay Kumar Gupta und Savita Goel. „Fingerprint Presentation Attack Detection in Open-Set Scenario using Transient Liveness Factor“. Recent Advances in Computer Science and Communications 13 (23.04.2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2666255813999200423123033.
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Background: In recent history, fingerprint presentation attack detection (FPAD) proposal came out in a variety of ways. A close-set approach uses pattern classification technique that best suits to a specific context and goal. Openset approach works fine in wider context, which is relatively robust with new fabrication material and independent of sensor type. In both case results were promising but not too generalizable because of unseen condition not fitting into method used. It is clear, the two key challenges in FPAD system, sensor interoperability and robustness with new fabrication materials not addressed to date. Objective: To address above challenge a liveness detection model is proposed using live sample using transient liveness factor and one-class CNN. Methods: In our architecture, liveness is predicted by using the fusion rule, score level fusion of two decisions. Here, ‘n’ high quality live samples are initially trained for quality. We have observed that fingerprint liveness information is ‘transitory’ in nature, a variation in the different live sample is natural. Thus, each live sample has a ‘transient liveness’ (TL) information. We use no-reference (NR) image quality measure (IQM) as a transient value corresponding to each live sample. A consensus agreement is collectively reached in transient value to predict adversarial input. Further, live sample at server are trained with augmented inputs on the one-class classifier to predict the outlier. So, by using the fusion rule, score level fusion of consensus agreement and appropriately characterized negative cases (or outliers) predicts liveness. Results: Our approach uses high quality 30-live sample only, out of 90 images available in dataset to reduce learning time. We used Time Series images from LivDet competition 2015. It has 90-live images and 45-spoof images made from Bodydouble, Ecoflex and Playdoh of each person. Fusion rule results in 100% accuracy in recognising live as live. Conclusion: We have presented an architecture for liveness-server for extraction/updating transient liveness factor. Our work explained here a significant step forward towards generalized and reproducible process with a consideration towards the provision for the universal scheme as a need of today. The proposed TLF approach has a solid presumption; it will address dataset heterogeneity as it incorporates wider scope-context. Similar results with other dataset are under validation. Implementation seems difficult now but have several advantages when carried out during the transformative process.
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Gomathy, Dr C. K., T. suneel und Y. Jeeevan Kumar Reddy. „A FACIAL RECOGNITION USING OPEN COMPUTER VISION“. International Journal of Engineering Applied Sciences and Technology 5, Nr. 12 (01.04.2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.33564/ijeast.2021.v05i12.056.
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The Face recognition and image or video recognition are popular research topics in biometric technology. Real-time face recognition is an exciting field and a rapidly evolving issue. Key component analysis (PCA) may be a statistical technique collectively called correlational analysis . The goal of PCA is to scale back the massive amount of knowledge storage to the dimensions of the functional space required to render the face recognition system. The wide one-dimensional pixel vector generated from the two-dimensional image of the face and therefore the basic elements of the spatial function are designed for face recognition using PCA. this is often the projection of your own space. Sufficient space is decided by the brand. specialise in the eigenvectors of the covariance matrix of the fingerprint image collection. i'm building a camera-based real-time face recognition system and installing an algorithm. Use OpenCV, Haar Cascade, Eigen face, Fisher Face, LBPH and Python for program development.
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Allen, Ryan M., Marisol A. Ramirez-Solano, Wanying Zhu, Shilin Zhao, Quanhu Sheng, Kasey Vickers und MacRae Linton. „Abstract 229: Mucosal Immunity Shapes the Lipoprotein Small-RNA Fingerprint from Commensal, Dietary and Environmental Microbiota“. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology 37, suppl_1 (Mai 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/atvb.37.suppl_1.229.
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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of mortality in developed countries and is a frequent comorbidity of numerous metabolic and inflammatory diseases that demands more effective therapies. Dyslipidemias are a classical risk factor for CVD, but emerging alternative functions of lipoproteins have implicated them in novel narratives for the pathophysiology of many diseases that warrant further study. Our lab has identified functional, intercellular gene regulatory networks mediated by extracellular transport of microRNAs (miRNA) by lipoproteins. Here, we quantified the landscape of small RNAs (sRNA) on human and animal lipoproteins and discovered that most lipoprotein-sRNAs are derived from microorganisms of multiple kingdoms, primarily bacteria. Based on these observations, our over-arching hypothesis is that lipoprotein-sRNA signatures are shaped by the interface of host tissues with resident, environmental and dietary microbiota, and likely participate in unique gene regulation networks that contribute to complex (patho)physiological traits. To investigate this hypothesis, we developed a sRNA-sequencing analysis pipeline that identifies and quantifies both host and non-host sRNAs. Using this bioinformatic tool, we identified and validated a number of lipoprotein-sRNAs derived from bacteria that are similar in size to miRNAs with identical seed regions, termed Doppelganger (Dopl)-miRNAs. We hypothesized that mucosal immunity contributes to non-host sRNAs on lipoproteins, as mucosal linings are a primary interface between host tissues and microorganisms. To this end, we investigated the lipoprotein-sRNAs of mice lacking the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR -/- ), which is devoid of polymeric IgA and IgM at mucosal linings and models human respiratory and intestinal diseases. We report a global increase in lipoprotein-miRNAs juxtaposed with a profound decrease in bacterial sRNA and Dopl-miRNAs from specific taxa. This work unfurls novel links between microbiota, mucosal immunity, and lipoprotein-sRNA gene networks and emphasizes the potential for novel nucleic-acid based therapeutics.
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Robson, Rachel, Tilak Ginige, Saleh Mansour, Iftikhar Khan und Sulaf Assi. „Analysis of fingermark constituents: a systematic review of quantitative studies“. Chemical Papers, 08.05.2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11696-022-02232-x.
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AbstractFingermark identification has significance in forensic science, particularly in the processing of crime scene evidence. The majority of literature focused on physical interpretation of fingermarks with limited studies relating to chemical analysis. This systematic review investigated prospective studies dealing with the analysis of latent fingermark constituents. Studies included were those concerned with the analysis of intrinsic organic constituents present in latent fingerprints. Studies with no clear procedure were excluded. Data from the studies were exported into SPSS v22 (IBM, Armonk, NY, USA) where descriptive statistics were applied. The data extraction yielded 19 studies related to identification of lipids (n = 66) and/or amino acids (n =27) in latent fingermarks. The primary lipid identified was squalene and the major amino acids included: alanine, glycine, leucine, lysine, and serine. For identification of the aforementioned constituents both chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques of which the main technique was gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Prior to analysis, the majority of studies involved collection of fingermarks from both hands at room temperature. Deposition was done on different substrates of which the main were glass, Mylar strips, aluminium sheets or paper. In conclusion, chemical analysis of latent fingermarks enabled identifying key biomarkers of individual that could serve as complementary evidence in crime scene investigation.
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„Identification of a Standardized Automobile Bio-metric Security System based on Accuracy and Response time: Applicable for the Indian Automobile Market“. International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering 8, Nr. 9 (10.07.2019): 450–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijitee.f3573.078919.
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This paper aims at the identification of a standard security system for commercial and personal vehicles installed on a remote-controlled unlocking device that promises a high accuracy without compromising on the response time. The proposed technology combines three bio-metric security systems on the basis of their performance and response times to make vehicles more secured. The paper compares the efficiencies of different bio-metric security systems based upon their mean accuracy and response times. Primary data have been collected using existing devices and technology, a detailed statistical comparison is done using computational tools like IBM SPSS 2.0 and Microsoft Excel using statistical concepts like ANOVA, Square of means, Descriptive statistics, Central tendencies, etc. The hardware required for this proposed security system is already available at reasonable cost and can be implemented in the field of automobile and a standard security system can be identified for use across all variants of vehicles universally for all the manufacturers. The performance of the bio-metric devices was measured using a 16-megapixel Sony camera IMX371 Exmor RS sensor with a pixel size of 1.0 micro-meter, mounted on a OnePlus 5T mobile phone for face recognition and a fingerprint sensor with a claimed unlock speed of 0.2 seconds mounted on the same device. Mantra MI S100 single iris scanner was used with a high-resolution sensor (CMOS) and captures images with a JPEG2000 compression format.
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Pinazo-Durán, Maria D., Vicente Zanón-Moreno, Carolina García–Villanueva, Alessio Martucci, Cristina Peris-Martínez, Jorge Vila-Arteaga, Jose J. García-Medina et al. „Biochemical–molecular–genetic biomarkers in the tear film, aqueous humor, and blood of primary open-angle glaucoma patients“. Frontiers in Medicine 10 (26.05.2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2023.1157773.
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IntroductionGlaucoma is a chronic neurodegenerative disease, which is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. As a response to high intraocular pressure, the clinical and molecular glaucoma biomarkers indicate the biological state of the visual system. Classical and uncovering novel biomarkers of glaucoma development and progression, follow-up, and monitoring the response to treatment are key objectives to improve vision outcomes. While the glaucoma imaging field has successfully validated biomarkers of disease progression, there is still a considerable need for developing new biomarkers of early glaucoma, that is, at the preclinical and initial glaucoma stages. Outstanding clinical trials and animal-model study designs, innovative technology, and analytical approaches in bioinformatics are essential tools to successfully uncover novel glaucoma biomarkers with a high potential for translation into clinical practice.MethodsTo better understand the clinical and biochemical-molecular-genetic glaucoma pathogenesis, we conducted an analytical, observational, and case-comparative/control study in 358 primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients and 226 comparative-control individuals (CG) to collect tears, aqueous humor, and blood samples to be processed for identifying POAG biomarkers by exploring several biological pathways, such as inflammation, neurotransmitter/neurotrophin alteration, oxidative stress, gene expression, miRNAs fingerprint and its biological targets, and vascular endothelial dysfunction, Statistics were done by using the IBM SPSS 25.0 program. Differences were considered statistically significant when p ≤ 0.05.ResultsMean age of the POAG patients was 70.03 ± 9.23 years, and 70.62 ± 7.89 years in the CG. Malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), interleuquin (IL)-6, endothelin-1 (ET-1), and 5 hydroxyindolacetic acid (5-HIAA), displayed significantly higher levels in the POAG patients vs. the CG (p < 0.001). Total antioxidant capacity (TAC), brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), 5-hydroxy tryptamine (5-HT), solute carrier family 23-nucleobase transporters-member 2 (SLC23A2) gene, and the glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) gene, showed significantly lower levelsin the POAG patients than in the CG (p < 0.001). The miRNAs that differentially expressed in tear samples of the POAG patients respect to the CG were the hsa miR-26b-5p (involved in cell proliferation and apoptosis), hsa miR-152-3p (regulator of cell proliferation, and extracellular matrix expression), hsa miR-30e-5p (regulator of autophagy and apoptosis), and hsa miR-151a-3p (regulator of myoblast proliferation).DiscussionWe are incredibly enthusiastic gathering as much information as possible on POAG biomarkers to learn how the above information can be used to better steer the diagnosis and therapy of glaucoma to prevent blindness in the predictable future. In fact, we may suggest that the design and development of blended biomarkers is a more appropriate solution in ophthalmological practice for early diagnosis and to predict therapeutic response in the POAG patients.
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Theodoropoulou, Eleni, Eleni Chelioti, George Christofilidis, Kostas Palamaris, Marina Papadaki und Harikleia Gakiopoulou. „#2984 SLE associated fibrillary glomerulonephritis vs SLE nephritis with fibrils: can a straightforward distinction always be made?“ Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 39, Supplement_1 (Mai 2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ndt/gfae069.1283.
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Abstract Background and Aims Fibrillary glomerulonephritis (FGN) is an uncommon but serious kidney disease with unclear aetiology, variable prognosis, and a not well-established treatment. FGN has been associated with autoimmune diseases including SLE. Other aetiologies comprise diabetes, malignancies, HCV and chronic infections. Our goal is to discuss the pathologic and clinical differential diagnosis conundrums that a patient with a suspected SLE presented. Method We present the case of a 53-year-old woman evaluated for proteinuria (1 g/24 h), and glomerular haematuria. Renal function was normal. She referred mild arthralgias for the past two years. Her medical history was unremarkable for diabetes and hypertension. ANA and anti-dsDNA were positive. The rest of the immunological work-up was normal as well as protein immunofixation/free light chains. HCV, HBV, and HIV serology was negative. A thorough evaluation for malignancy was negative. A renal biopsy was performed. Results The renal biopsy showed enlarged glomeruli with mesangial matrix expansion (Congo-red negative), mild mesangial hypercellularity and focal endocapillary hypercellularity without hyaline deposits, fibrinoid necrosis or crescents, without significant chronic lesions (Fig. 1). A probable diagnosis based on light microscope could be that of a lupus nephritis class III with low activity and low chronicity indices. Immunofluorescence demonstrated weak or moderate immunofixation of IgG (2+), IgA(1+), C3(2+), C1q(1+), κ(1+) and λ(1+) in the mesangium and segmentally in the capillary walls with a smudgy appearance. IgM, C4, fibrinogen and albumin were negative. The lack of a full-house pattern and, more significantly, the low C1q intensity raised some questions about the validity of a lupus nephritis diagnosis. Ultrastructural evaluation revealed abundant fibrils that occupied the mesangium and permeated the glomerular basement membranes (GBMs). Fibrils were non branching and randomly oriented with a mean diameter of ∼15 nm (range: 11,87 nm -18,84 nm) (Fig. 2). No electron dense deposits, fingerprint deposits or tubuloreticular inclusions were detected. Immunohistochemical staining for DNA-J heat-shock protein family member B9 (DNAJB9) was then performed showing strong positivity in the mesangial matrix and GBMs. Interestingly, C4d was also strongly positive with the same pattern as DNAJB9. The diagnosis of fibrillary glomerulonephritis was suggested, mostly based on ultrastructural evaluation and immunohistochemical findings. Conclusion It is well known that the characteristic features of lupus nephritis (intense C1q staining, full-house staining, extraglomerular deposits, tubuloreticular inclusions, and combined subendothelial and subepithelial deposits) are, in some cases, neither universally present nor specific for lupus nephritis. Of special interest is the identification of fibrils in the renal biopsy of an SLE patient. The crucial importance of distinguishing between SLE associated FGN and SLE nephritis with fibrils is based on the generally poor renal prognosis of FGN as well as the unsatisfactory performance of immunosuppression. The differential diagnosis can be very challenging especially when DNAJB9 is not available.