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1
Birnie, Esmond. „Trading Places: Continuity and Change in Northern Ireland's Trading Relationships“. Irish Studies in International Affairs 35, Nr. 2 (2024): 129–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/isia.2024.a928747.
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ABSTRACT: Northern Ireland's external trading relations for 2011–22 were analysed using the NISRA 'Northern Ireland economic trade statistics'. The major geographical markets were considered: Northern Ireland itself, Ireland, Great Britain (GB), rest of EU and rest of the world. In volume terms exports and external sales of goods declined during 2011–22. There was considerable growth of services. Trade integration between Northern Ireland and Ireland was considered as one indicator of the all-island economy. For both goods and services, especially the former, Northern Ireland sales to Ireland outgrew those going to GB during 2011–22. Potential explanations were considered: development of cross-border supply chains, impact on aggregate figures of the closure/contraction of a small number of larger firms and InterTradeIreland interventions. Data for 2021 and 2022 were used to consider the impact of the Protocol: more rapid growth in Northern Ireland purchases of goods from Ireland than from GB may indicate trade diversion.
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Walsh, Dermot, Ann Cullen, Rachel Cullivan und Brendan O'donnell. „Do statistics lie? Suicide in Kildare – and in Ireland“. Psychological Medicine 20, Nr. 4 (November 1990): 867–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291700036564.
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SynopsisThis study, reporting a ten-year investigation of suicide in Kildare, found that the suicide rate based on clinical assessment of coroner's records was very close to the Central Statistics Office (CSO) figure for Kildare and for Ireland as a whole for the same period. Dublin data for 1977–1981 confirmed these findings. Since in the 1960s similar clinical assessment concluded that CSO rates underestimated suicide by a factor of two or over, we believe that changes in CSO coding procedures whereby more deaths are now coded to suicide than was the case in the past have resulted in current CSO data reflecting accurately the rate of clinical suicide. There has been more than a three-fold increase in CSO suicide rates in Ireland between 1968 and 1987. Even allowing for improved CSO practices there still remains a considerable excess of suicide deaths which indicates a doubling of ‘real’ suicide in Ireland over these twenty years.
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Corcoran, Paul, Ella Arensman und Desmond O'Mahony. „Suicide and Other External-Cause Mortality Statistics in Ireland“. Crisis 27, Nr. 3 (Mai 2006): 130–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910.27.3.130.
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There are two sets of annual mortality statistics released by the Central Statistics Office (CSO) in Ireland, one based on deaths registered in the particular year and the other based on the deaths that occurred in that year. We compared the registration and occurrence figures for suicide and for other deaths by an external cause for the years 1987-2003. The occurrence figures were, on average, 6% higher than the registration figures. There was evidence that the extent of the discrepancy increased over the study period, reaching almost 20% in recent years. The findings suggest that caution needs to be taken in the media reporting of registration figures for suicide and other external causes of death in Ireland and in the interpretation of these figures by health professionals.
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Walter, Bronwen. „From ‘flood’ to ‘trickle’: Irish migration to Britain 1987“. Irish Geography 41, Nr. 2 (16.04.2014): 181–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.55650/igj.2008.116.
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A dramatic change in the size and direction of emigration from Ireland has taken place over the past 20 years. The most striking feature is the sharp decline in movement to Britain from the Republic of Ireland, a traditional supplier of labour for well over 200 years. By contrast there has been a small increase in emigration from Northern Ireland, an important element of which is higher education students from Protestant backgrounds, who may be permanent migrants. Detailed statistics available from the Central Statistics Office of the Republic of Ireland show that proportionately more women have left as gross numbers have declined. This reflects the persistence of social, rather than predominantly economic, causes of emigration, also evident in the range of socially excluded people for whom Britain represents a ‘safety valve’. Two groups now characterise the Irish population in Britain; the ageing 1950s cohort and their children and grandchildren, the large second and third generations.
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O’Donoghue, Daniel. „The Rise and Fall of the Celtic Tiger and the evolution of an Urban System: 1996–2011“. Urban Development Issues 64, Nr. 1 (31.12.2019): 49–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/udi-2019-0023.
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Abstract During the 1990s the Celtic Tiger era began in the Republic of Ireland. This article tracks the response of the Irish Urban System to that remarkable period of growth ended abruptly with the Global Economic Crisis of 2008. Using Small Area Population Statistics from Ireland’s Central Statistics Office for the years 1996, 2002, 2006 and 2011 it was possible to record growth across the towns and cities of Ireland that constituted the Irish Urban System. The location, size, type and rates of change were recorded and mapped with a view towards discovering the extent to which the urban hierarchy and the spatial distribution was being altered, and by what geographical processes. Over 15 years the national population grew by 26% with most of that growth taking place in urban centres. A clear diffusion outwards from the Dublin region is noticeable and the capital’s role in systemic change is explored alongside other factors. The article highlights the changing nature of growth over time and, based on the empirical observations made, identifies a sequence of clear stages in the growth of the urban system. The article concludes with a proposal for a Model of Urban System Evolution under conditions of Rapid Economic Growth based on the distinct phases, or stages, of growth identified in Ireland’s towns and cities from 1996–2011.
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Sarma, Kiran, und Susanna Kola. „Firearms, Hanging, and Drowning Suicides in the Republic of Ireland“. Crisis 31, Nr. 2 (März 2010): 69–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910/a000016.
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Background: The firearms climate in Ireland is rapidly changing, and there is currently no research on the risk profiles of those dying through firearms suicides. Aims: To compare the sociodemographic profile of firearms suicide deaths with hanging and drowning suicides. Methods: Analyses are based on data for 9,674 suicides that occurred between 1980 and 2005 and provided by the Central Statistics Office of Ireland (CSO). Risk factors included were gender, place of residence, employment status (agri-employed/not agri-employed), marital status, and age. Results: Those dying by shooting were twice as likely to be male than those dying by hanging (95% CI = 1.5 to 2.6) and 6.7 times more likely than those dying by drowning (95% CI = 4.9 to 9.1). They were also more likely to have resided in a rural location (hanging OR = 3.8, 95% CI = 2.8 to 5.0; drowning OR = 4.2, 95% CI = 3.1 to 5.6) and to have been agri-employed (hanging OR = 1.3, 95% CI = 1.1 to 1.6; drowning OR = 1.4, 95% CI = 1.1 to 1.7). Firearms suicides were significantly younger (H = 458.9, p < .0005). Model fit statistics from logistic regressions are presented. Factors included in the study were limited to those recorded by the CSO. Conclusions: The findings have implications for awareness training for suicide prevention workers and for those concerned with Ireland’s increasingly liberal firearms climate.
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SMEETON, NIGEL. „UNDERGRADUATE COURSES IN DENTAL STATISTICS IN BRITAIN AND IRELAND“. STATISTICS EDUCATION RESEARCH JOURNAL 1, Nr. 2 (29.12.2002): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.52041/serj.v1i2.565.
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Despite the recommendation of the General Dental Council that statistical methods and data analysis should form part of the curriculum of undergraduate dental degrees, little is known about the teaching of statistics in dental schools. This informal study was carried out to obtain information on the methods of teaching and assessment used in dental schools in Britain and Ireland.
First published December 2002 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
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De Abreu Pereira Uhr, Daniel, Felipe Weizenmann und Julia Gallego Ziero Uhr. „The impact of the Economic Adjustment Programme for Ireland: a synthetic control approach“. Economics and Business Letters 13, Nr. 2 (22.05.2024): 82–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.17811/ebl.13.2.2024.82-90.
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We examine the effect of the Economic Adjustment Programme for Ireland on the country’s per capita income. We are the first to provide empirical analysis on the importance of the program to Irish economic recovery post-financial crisis. We employ the synthetic control approach with bias correction with World Bank Opendata and Irish Central Statistics Office data from 2000 to 2019. Our results indicate that the EAP had a positive and statistically significant impact on Ireland’s per capita income, with an average effect of 5,626.27 US$. These conclusions are robust to a placebo test and the Synthetic Difference in Difference estimator.
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Hatton, Chris. „Living arrangements of adults with learning disabilities across the UK“. Tizard Learning Disability Review 22, Nr. 1 (03.01.2017): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tldr-11-2016-0040.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to compare data from national social care statistics on the living situations of people with learning disabilities across England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. Design/methodology/approach National social care statistics (England, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland) reporting the living situations of adults with learning disabilities (residential and nursing care, living with family, other forms of accommodation) were accessed, with data extracted on trends over time and rate of service use. Findings There were substantial differences in the statistics collected across the UK. Overall, there were higher reported rates of adults with learning disabilities in residential/nursing accommodation in England than Scotland or Wales, but much lower reported rates of adults living in other forms of unsupported and supported accommodation and much lower reported rates of adults living with their families. In all three countries, trends over time suggest that reductions in residential care towards more independent living options may be stalling. In Northern Ireland reductions in currently extensive residential and nursing care services are continuing, unlike other parts of the UK. Social implications Despite similar policy ambitions across the four parts of the UK, statistics on the living situations of adults with learning disabilities report substantial differences. Originality/value This paper is a first attempt to compare national social care statistics concerning the living situations of adults with learning disabilities across the UK. With increasing divergence of health and social service systems, further comparative analyses of services for people with learning disabilities are needed.
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Hatton, Chris. „Day services and home care for adults with learning disabilities across the UK“. Tizard Learning Disability Review 22, Nr. 2 (03.04.2017): 109–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tldr-01-2017-0004.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to compare data from national social care statistics on day services and home care for people with learning disabilities across England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. Design/methodology/approach National social care statistics (England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland) reporting the number of adults with learning disabilities accessing day services and home care were reviewed, with data extracted on trends over time and rate of service use. Findings Regarding day services, despite some variations in definitions, the number of adults with learning disabilities in England, Scotland and Wales (but not Northern Ireland) using building-based day services decreased over time. Data from Scotland also indicate that adults with learning disabilities are spending less time in building-based day services, with alternative day opportunities not wholly compensating for the reduction in building-based day services. Regarding home care, there are broadly similar rates of usage across the four parts of the UK, with the number of adults with learning disabilities using home care now staying static or decreasing. Social implications Similar policy ambitions across the four parts of the UK have resulted (with the exception of Northern Ireland) in similar trends in access to day services and home care. Originality/value This paper is a first attempt to compare national social care statistics concerning day services and home care for adults with learning disabilities across the UK. With increasing divergence of health and social service systems, further comparative analyses of services for people with learning disabilities are needed.
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Carroll, Paula, Tadhg Murphy, Michael Hanley, Daniel Dempsey und John Dunne. „Household Classification Using Smart Meter Data“. Journal of Official Statistics 34, Nr. 1 (01.03.2018): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jos-2018-0001.
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Abstract This article describes a project conducted in conjunction with the Central Statistics Office of Ireland in response to a planned national rollout of smart electricity metering in Ireland. We investigate how this new data source might be used for the purpose of official statistics production. This study specifically looks at the question of determining household composition from electricity smart meter data using both Neural Networks (a supervised machine learning approach) and Elastic Net Logistic regression. An overview of both classification techniques is given. Results for both approaches are presented with analysis. We find that the smart meter data alone is limited in its capability to distinguish between household categories but that it does provide some useful insights.
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Hatton, Chris. „Specialist inpatient services for people with learning disabilities across the four countries of the UK“. Tizard Learning Disability Review 21, Nr. 4 (03.10.2016): 220–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tldr-08-2016-0023.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to compare data from national censuses on specialist inpatient service use by people with learning disabilities across England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. Design/methodology/approach National statistics (England, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland) reporting inpatient service censuses including people with learning disabilities were accessed, with data extracted on trends over time, rate of service use, young people and length of stay. Findings The number and rate of people with learning disabilities in specialist inpatient services varied across the UK: 230 people in Scotland (rate 4.88 per 100,000 population); 3,250 people in England (5.48); 183 people in Wales (5.90); 144 people in Northern Ireland (7.82). The number of people in inpatient services in Northern Ireland halved over four years, in other areas reductions were modest. Between 5 and 8 per cent of people in inpatient services were children/young people. Median length of stay in the person’s current inpatient service varied: 19 months in England; 33 months in Scotland; three to five years in Northern Ireland. Social implications Different parts of the UK vary in the scale of their specialist inpatient services for people with learning disabilities. With the exception of Northern Ireland, which may still be in the last stages of completing a “regular” deinstitutionalisation programme, strong policy prescriptions for substantial reductions in specialist inpatient services are currently only resulting in modest reductions. Originality/value This paper is a first attempt to compare national inpatient service statistics across the UK. With increasing divergence of health and social service systems, further comparative analyses of services for people with learning disabilities are needed.
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May, Peter, Bridget M. Johnston, Charles Normand, Irene J. Higginson, Rose Anne Kenny und Karen Ryan. „Population-based palliative care planning in Ireland: how many people will live and die with serious illness to 2046?“ HRB Open Research 2 (03.12.2019): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/hrbopenres.12975.1.
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Background: All countries face growing demand for palliative care services. Projections of need are essential to plan care in an era of demographic change. We aim to estimate palliative care needs in Ireland from 2016 to 2046. Methods: Static modelling of secondary data. First, we estimate the numbers of people in Ireland who will die from a disease associated with palliative care need. We combine government statistics on cause of death (2007-2015) and projected mortality (2016-2046). Second, we combine these statistics with survey data to estimate numbers of people aged 50+ living and dying with diseases associated with palliative care need. Third, we use these projections and survey data to estimate disability burden, pain prevalence and health care utilisation among people aged 50+ living and dying with serious medical illness. Results: In 2016, the number of people dying annually from a disease indicating palliative care need was estimated as 22,806, and the number of people not in the last year of life aged 50+ with a relevant diagnosis was estimated as 290,185. Equivalent estimates for 2046 are 40,355 and 548,105, increases of 84% and 89% respectively. These groups account disproportionately for disability burden, pain prevalence and health care use among older people, meaning that population health burdens and health care use will increase significantly in the next three decades. Conclusion: The global population is ageing, although significant differences in intensity of ageing can be seen between countries. Prevalence of palliative care need in Ireland will nearly double over 30 years, reflecting Ireland’s relatively young population. People living with a serious disease outnumber those in the last year of life by approximately 12:1, necessitating implementation of integrated palliative care across the disease trajectory. Urgent steps on funding, workforce development and service provision are required to address these challenges.
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Davey, Michael. „General Synod of the Church of Ireland“. Ecclesiastical Law Journal 15, Nr. 1 (13.12.2012): 93–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956618x12000865.
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Although six bills appeared on the agenda paper for Dublin this year there was only one of real substance. Two were to correct some cross-references in previous legislation, one was of a technical nature relating to voluntary pension contributions and a further bill imposed a requirement on dioceses to provide statistics to central Church bodies when demanded.
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Gilmartin, Mary. „Changing Ireland, 2000–2012: immigration, emigration and inequality“. Irish Geography 46, Nr. 1 (20.12.2014): 91–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.55650/igj.2013.265.
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At the start of the twenty-first century, there have been significant changes in patterns of migration to and from Ireland. This paper provides a comprehensive account of available statistics on these migration patterns, and assesses the quality of this information, highlighting issues with the measurement of migrant flow in particular. The paper also provides information on migrant stock in Ireland, drawing on detailed information from the 2002, 2006 and 2011 Censuses, and shows how available data sources might illuminate the relationship between migration and inequality.
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Waterman, Stanley, J. H. Andrews, William Nolan, Gordon L. Herries Davies und Mary Cawley. „Reviews of books“. Irish Geography 31, Nr. 1 (06.01.2015): 70–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.55650/igj.1998.366.
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IN SEARCH OF IRELAND: A CULTURAL GEOGRAPHY, edited by Brian Graham. London and New York, Routledge, 1997. 240pp. £15.99stg. ISBN 0 415 15008 6. DOING IRISH LOCAL HISTORY: PURSUIT AND PRACTICE, edited by Raymond Gillespie and Myrtle Hill. Belfast: Institute of Irish Studies, Queen's University of Belfast, 1998. 147pp. £8.50stg. ISBN 0 85389 676 3. Reviewed by STANLEY WATERMAN.DOING IRISH LOCAL HISTORY: PURSUIT AND PRACTICE, edited by Raymond Gillespie and Myrtle Hill. Belfast: Institute of Irish Studies, Queen's University of Belfast, 1998. 147pp. £8.50stg. ISBN 0 85389 676 3. Reviewd by J.H. ANDREWS.A FLOW OF FEELING, by Patrick J. O'Connor. Newcastle West: Oireacht na Mumhan Books, 1997. 66pp. IR£6.95pb. ISBN 0 951218492pb. Reviewed by WILLIAM NOLAN.SCIENCE AND SOCIETY IN IRELAND: THE SOCIAL CONTEXT OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN IRELAND 1800–1950, edited by Peter J. Bowler and Nicholas Whyte. Belfast: Institute of Irish Studies, Queen's University of Belfast, 1997. £8.50stg. ISBN 0 85389 669 0. Reviewed by HERRIES DAVIES.FARMING SINCE THE FAMINE: IRISH FARM STATISTICS 1847–1996, compiled by the Central Statistics Office. Dublin: Stationery Office, 1997. 408pp. IR£20.00. ISBN 0 7076 1813 4. Reviewed by MARY CAWLEY.
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Bourke, Joanna. „‘I Was Always Fond of my Pillow’: The Handmade Lace Industry in the United Kingdom, 1870–1914“. Rural History 5, Nr. 2 (Oktober 1994): 155–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956793300000650.
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The extent of the handmade lace industry in the nineteenth century is difficult to estimate. Most lacemakers were not given an occupation in the census. For instance, Belleek (in county Fermanagh) was one of the centres of handmade lace in Ireland. Of the fifty-one women active in the Belleek lace and sprigging class in January 1911, fifty-six per cent were given no occupation in the 1911 census manuscripts and four per cent were given occupations other than lacemaker. In Ireland, it is clear that the census statistics do not include the tens of thousands of women making lace for the home industries societies examined in this article. The statistics for lacemaking in England, Wales and Scotland (given in table one) are confused by the fact that no distinction is made between hand and machine-made lace.
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Gavin, Paul. „Slow and steady progress: developing restorative justice in the Republic of Ireland“. Safer Communities 14, Nr. 3 (13.07.2015): 156–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sc-05-2015-0019.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to review the development of restorative justice in Ireland since the publication of the Final Report of the National Commission on Restorative Justice in 2009. It argues that although the development of restorative justice in Ireland has progressed slowly, it has also progressed steadily. There are still obstacles in the path of developing a restorative justice framework on a national level for both adult and young offenders, however, all signs indicate that these obstacles can and will be overcome in the future. Design/methodology/approach – The research for this paper was primarily a review of the very limited literature on restorative justice in Ireland. Findings – The development of restorative justice in Ireland has undergone slow and steady progress over the last decade. While a great deal of work is still needed before restorative justice can be rolled out nationally, the progress that has been made suggests that there is a real future for restorative justice in Ireland. Research limitations/implications – Statistics on restorative justice in Ireland are very limited and referral numbers are still lower than what they should be. Practical implications – Any research on restorative justice in Ireland will highlight the fact that more research and analysis is needed, especially in terms of measuring recidivism of offenders who take part in restorative practices. Originality/value – This paper adds to the growing literature on restorative justice in Ireland.
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MORISON, JOHN, und RAY GEARY. „Crime, Conflict and Counting: Another Commentary on Northern Ireland Crime Statistics“. Howard Journal of Criminal Justice 28, Nr. 1 (26.01.2009): 9–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2311.1989.tb00632.x.
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McDermott, Seán D., Bríd Martina McBride und Marce Lee-Gorman. „Sexual assault statistics from the Republic of Ireland for 2004-2005“. Medicine, Science and the Law 48, Nr. 2 (April 2008): 142–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/rsmmsl.48.2.142.
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Johnson, James H. „The Distribution of Irish Emigration in the Decade Before the Great Famine“. Irish Geography 21, Nr. 2 (20.12.2016): 78–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.55650/igj.1988.680.
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Previous attempts at mapping pre-famine emigration from Ireland are examined and two maps based on statistics calculated by Mokyr are presented. Problems with the calculation of emigration from census information are explored and a series of maps based on information collected by the Commissioners of Inquiry into the Condition of the Poorer Classes in Ireland are discussed. It is concluded that this pre-Famine emigration bore a closer resemblance to the sustained emigration that was to be established later in the second half of the nineteenth century than to movements during the Famine.
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MacCuirc, Eoin. „You Don't Teach, Students Learn: Lessons Learned in Statistical Literacy and Statistical Education in Ireland“. Austrian Journal of Statistics 44, Nr. 2 (30.04.2015): 73–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.17713/ajs.v44i2.62.
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In 2007, with the aim of improving statistical literacy and effective use of statistics, the Central Statistics Office in Ireland launched an Education Outreach Programme. To achieve these objectives, the CSO has fostered key academic partnerships at a national and international level. Seminar Series, Statistical Liaison groups, Oireachtas briefings, CensusAtSchool, the John Hooper Medal for Statistics, the Apps4Gaps competition, the Professional Diploma in Official Statistics for Policy Evaluation, the International Statistical Literacy Poster Competition are some of the key projects developed under the umbrella of the Education Outreach Programme. This paper outlines a number of key lessons learned in the Irish Education Outreach Programme with illustrations drawn from the Irish experience to date.
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Corcoran, Paul, und Ella Arensman. „A Study of the Irish System of Recording Suicide Deaths“. Crisis 31, Nr. 4 (Juli 2010): 174–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0027-5910/a000026.
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Background: Many studies have examined the reliability of national suicide statistics. Aims: To examine the Irish system of certifying suicide deaths and data collected by it. Methods: Data were recorded from a police form (Form 104) completed and sent to the Irish Central Statistics Office (CSO) after all inquested deaths that occurred in Ireland in 2002. Results: Of the approximately 1,800 inquested deaths, 6% (and 4% of suicides) were not included in routine mortality statistics because of late registration. Of the 495 deaths thought by the police to be suicide, 485 (98%) were so recorded by the CSO. Information relating to medical history and contributory factors was provided in just 54% and 34% of suicides, respectively. Suicide deaths showed significant variation by weekday (excess on Mondays) and calendar month (summer peak). The peak suicide rate (35 per 100,000) was among men aged 25–34 years. Persons separated, living alone, and unemployed had significantly elevated suicide rates. Conclusions: There is a need for a better understanding of national suicide recording systems, as this study has provided for Ireland. Such systems may routinely provide data relating to sociodemographic factors but not relating to medical and psychosocial factors.
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Goodyear, P. M., und D. A. Eastwood. „Spatial variations in level of living in Northern Ireland“. Irish Geography 11, Nr. 1 (26.12.2016): 54–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.55650/igj.1978.826.
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Geographers in recent years have displayed an increasing interest in the spatial distributions characterising a number of aspects of social well‐being. In this paper an attempt is made to provide a holistic perspective on the mapping of social well‐being in Northern Ireland through the adoption of a level of living approach. A method of level of living index construction developed by Knox for data in England and Wales is applied to statistics for Northern Ireland in 1971, and the pattern of internal geographical variation is analysed at two scale levels. Conclusions would suggest the need for a critical re‐assessment of the dichotomous east‐west model of well‐being.
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Pierce, M., S. Cahill und E. O'Shea. „Planning dementia services: new estimates of current and future prevalence rates of dementia for Ireland“. Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine 30, Nr. 1 (März 2013): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ipm.2012.3.
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ObjectivesThe paper provides new estimates of dementia prevalence at a national and local level in Ireland and new projections of future numbers of people with dementia.MethodsThe prevalence of dementia at a national and local level has been calculated by applying European Collaboration on Dementia (EuroCoDe) prevalence rates to data from the Census of Population 2006. The National Disability Survey has been used to estimate the number of people with Down syndrome and dementia. Projections of future numbers of people with dementia have been calculated by applying EuroCoDe prevalence rates to the most recently available population projections from the Central Statistics Office (CSO).ResultsIt is estimated that there were 41 740 people with dementia in Ireland in 2006. Estimates show that there are clear regional differences in prevalence of dementia across Ireland, with the largest proportion of people with dementia in the West of Ireland, and the Dublin North Eastern region having the lowest share of dementia. Our best estimate is that there are 700 people with Down syndrome and dementia in Ireland. Applying EuroCoDe prevalence rates to the most recent CSO population projections shows that the prevalence of dementia in Ireland will increase to between 67 493 and 70 000 in 2021 and to between 140 580 and 147 000 in 2041.ConclusionsAlthough there are several limitations to these estimates, the data provide timely and useful information for planning effective health and social care services, as well as raising public and professional awareness about dementia at a national level.
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Hennebry, Barraí. „Regional Resilience in Ireland and the Existence of a Two-Tier Recovery“. Quaestiones Geographicae 37, Nr. 4 (31.12.2018): 99–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/quageo-2018-0043.
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Abstract This paper focuses on the increasing regional disparities in Ireland, especially since the great recession and assesses the degree to which the recovery has been concentrated in urban areas. Ireland was initially affected by the recession to a greater extent than other countries but has recovered strongly. However, this recovery has not been evenly distributed, with some regions showing greater economic resilience. Using descriptive statistics of GDP per capita (PPP), GVA and employment, this paper examines the extent to which the recovery has been a two-tier recovery. The paper finds evidence to suggest that the recovery has been heavily concentrated in Dublin, and to a lesser extent in Cork and Galway, resulting in an urban-rural divide.
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Cahill, Paul, und Brendan Bunting. „Latent variable mixture modelling of treated drug misuse in Ireland“. Advances in Methodology and Statistics 1, Nr. 1 (01.01.2004): 213–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.51936/yafa1077.
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This study provides analyses and profiles of illegal drug usage in the Republic of Ireland. Two questions are addressed: a) can individuals be grouped into homogeneous classes based upon their type of drug consumption, and b) how do these classes differ in terms of other key background variables? The data reported in this study is from the National Drug Treatment Reporting System database in the Republic of Ireland. All analyses were carried out in collaboration with the Drug Misuse Research Division (the Irish REITOX / EMCDDA focal point). This database contains information on all 6994 individuals who received treatment for drug problems in the Republic of Ireland during 2000. The analysis was conducted in four steps. First, a single class model was examined in order to establish the respective probability associated with each drug type. Second, a series of unconditional latent class models was examined. This was done to establish the optimal number of latent classes required to describe the data, and to establish the relative size of each latent class. From this analysis the conditional probabilities for each individual, within a given class, were examined for typical profiles. Third, a series of conditional models was then examined in terms of key predictors (age and early school leavers). This analysis was conducted using MPlus 2.13. In the final stage of the research, the parameter estimates obtained from the multinomial logistic regression model (that was previously used to express the probability of an individual being in a given latent class, conditional on a series of covariates) were graphically modelled within EXCEL and the respective functions described. The results from this analysis will be described in terms of a) the profiling of typical serious drug misuse in Ireland, b) the clustering of drug types and, c) the respective importance of key background variables. The various profiles obtained are discussed in terms of health care strategies in Ireland.
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Vershinina, D. B. „BEING A NON-WHITE IRISH? RACISM IN MODERN IRELAND“. Вестник Удмуртского университета. Социология. Политология. Международные отношения 4, Nr. 4 (28.12.2020): 455–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2587-9030-2020-4-4-455-461.
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The paper attempts to identify the features of the spread of racist views and sentiments in Ireland in the late 20 and early 21 centuries. The author draws attention to the specifics of migration flows in the country, which for a long time was a region of active emigration, which led to a not very active spread of racism until recently, with the exception of the policy towards Irish travellers. Based on statistics, materials from Irish media and blogs, as well as materials from anti-racist organizations, various mechanisms of racialization of migrants in modern Ireland are demonstrated. The author concludes that there was a significant role of the state in affirming whiteness as an important part of Irish identity and, at the same time, that the racist views are marginal in modern Irish agenda.
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Privilege, John. „The Northern Ireland government and the welfare state, 1942–8: the case of health provision“. Irish Historical Studies 39, Nr. 155 (Mai 2015): 439–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ihs.2014.2.
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Abstract Northern Ireland, the United Kingdom’s only self-governing region, recorded year-on- year the worst statistics on health and poverty. However, it was far from certain that the Unionist government in Belfast would enact the kind of sweeping post-war reform that occurred in England and Wales. The raft of legislation governing health and social care introduced in 1948 was, therefore, the product of conditions and circumstances peculiar to Northern Ireland. The government in Belfast needed to overcome the conservative instincts of Ulster Unionism as well as suspicions regarding Clement Attlee’s Labour administration. Although the process was somewhat blighted by sectarianism, the government of Sir Basil Brooke enacted what amounted to a revolution in health and social care provision.
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Hayes, Davy, und John Pinkerton. „What’s in the Numbers? Child Welfare Statistics and the Children (Northern Ireland) Order“. Child Care in Practice 22, Nr. 4 (17.08.2016): 408–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13575279.2016.1209904.
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Leahy, Susan. „Female Sex Offenders in Ireland: Examining the Response of the Criminal Justice System“. Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice 36, Nr. 4 (29.06.2020): 539–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1043986220936116.
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This article focuses on the Irish criminal justice system’s response to female sex offending. As in other jurisdictions, very little attention has been paid to female sexual offending in Ireland. However, sexual offenses involving female offenders are occurring and are increasingly being detected and prosecuted. The article provides an overview of female sex offending in Ireland, offering a discussion of available prevalence statistics and an analysis of Irish cases where women have been convicted of sexual offenses. It is argued that, in light of the fact that women are clearly being convicted of sexual offenses in Ireland, it is timely to question whether current laws and policies on sexual offenses and offenders are equipped to deal with female offenders and what types of reforms are likely to be necessary to effectively respond to this category of sexual offending. The potential for reform is considered with reference to three key stages of the criminal justice process: (a) reporting and detection; (b) prosecution and punishment; and (c) treatment and rehabilitation.
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Houghton, Frank. „A review of mortality maps included in the Annual Reports on Vital Statistics for Ireland 1864-1998“. Irish Geography 35, Nr. 2 (11.08.2014): 213–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.55650/igj.2002.240.
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Since 1864, some 135 reports have been produced examining marriages, birth and deaths for Ireland. The reports produced during the period prior to World War I are notable for the maps and charts that are included and the level of detail provided. Recent reports have failed to include mortality maps, while those produced since 1950 generally show a declining level of detail.Key index words: report on vital statistics, mortality, maps
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Congdon, P., und C. D. Lloyd. „A spatial random-effects model for interzone flows: commuting in Northern Ireland“. Journal of Applied Statistics 39, Nr. 1 (Januar 2012): 199–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02664763.2011.580336.
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Yap, Lee Chien, Frank Leonard, Ivor Cullen und Padraig Daly. „Renal cell carcinoma in Ireland: rising mortality and survival“. Journal of Clinical Urology 12, Nr. 3 (22.11.2018): 217–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2051415818813784.
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Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the rising trend in the incidence and mortality of renal cell carcinoma in Ireland. Methods: Data from the National Cancer Registry of Ireland on primary adenocarcinomas of the kidney from 2003 to 2013 were evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed on the data using IBM SPSS statistics V24 software package and Microsoft Excel Software. Results: There were 3801 cases of adenocarcinoma of the kidney with 29% of tumours (n=1103) being found incidentally. The age-adjusted incidence rate of renal cell carcinoma in 2003 was 4.66 per 100,000 women and 8.78 per 100,000 men. These figures have risen to 5.78 and 13.14 in 2013, respectively. There was an annual percentage change of +2.2% for women and +4.1% for men from the years 2003 to 2013. For both sexes the age-standardised all-cause mortality rate for renal adenocarcinoma increased from 1.07 per 100,000 in 2003 to 4.32 ± 0.06 per 100,000 in 2013, an annual percentage change of +15%. Age-adjusted mortality rates in the female population in Ireland increased from 0.78 to 2.66, an annual percentage change of +13.1% and from 1.41 to 6.04 in men, an annual percentage change of +15.8%. Conclusion: There is a paradox emerging in Ireland, with both rising survival rates for renal cell carcinoma and rising mortality rates. While the increased incidence of renal cell carcinoma in Ireland can be attributed somewhat to the increased use of various imaging modalities, it may also be attributed to the significant rise in modifiable risk factors as seen in other developed countries, namely hypertension, obesity, and smoking. Level of evidence: 2c
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Davies, Katie, Emma Louise Johnson, Linda Hollén, Hywel M. Jones, Mark D. Lyttle, Sabine Maguire und Alison Mary Kemp. „Incidence of medically attended paediatric burns across the UK“. Injury Prevention 26, Nr. 1 (21.02.2019): 24–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2018-042881.
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ObjectiveChildhood burns represent a burden on health services, yet the full extent of the problem is difficult to quantify. We estimated the annual UK incidence from primary care (PC), emergency attendances (EA), hospital admissions (HA) and deaths.MethodsThe population was children (0–15 years), across England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland (NI), with medically attended burns 2013–2015. Routinely collected data sources included PC attendances from Clinical Practice Research Datalink 2013–2015), EAs from Paediatric Emergency Research in the United Kingdom and Ireland (PERUKI, 2014) and National Health Services Wales Informatics Services, HAs from Hospital Episode Statistics, National Services Scotland and Social Services and Public Safety (2014), and mortality from the Office for National Statistics, National Records of Scotland and NI Statistics and Research Agency 2013–2015. The population denominators were based on Office for National Statistics mid-year population estimates.ResultsThe annual PC burns attendance was 16.1/10 000 persons at risk (95% CI 15.6 to 16.6); EAs were 35.1/10 000 persons at risk (95% CI 34.7 to 35.5) in England and 28.9 (95% CI 27.5 to 30.3) in Wales. HAs ranged from 6.0/10 000 person at risk (95% CI 5.9 to 6.2) in England to 3.1 in Wales and Scotland (95% CI 2.7 to 3.8 and 2.7 to 3.5, respectively) and 2.8 (95% CI 2.4 to 3.4) in NI. In England, Wales and Scotland, 75% of HAs were aged <5 years. Mortality was low with 0.1/1 000 000 persons at risk (95% CI 0.06 to 0.2).ConclusionsWith an estimated 19 574 PC attendances, 37 703 EAs (England and Wales only), 6639 HAs and 1–6 childhood deaths annually, there is an urgent need to improve UK childhood burns prevention.
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Nguyen, Nancy Duong, Órlaith Burke und Patrick Murphy. „A Simulation Study of Weighting Methods to Improve Labour-Force Estimates of Immigrants in Ireland“. Journal of Official Statistics 32, Nr. 3 (01.09.2016): 693–718. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jos-2016-0035.
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Abstract As immigration has become a global phenomenon in recent years, a number of European countries, including Ireland, have experienced an influx of immigrants, causing a shift in their national demographics. Therefore, it is important that the EU-LFS yield reliable labour-force estimates not only for the whole population, but also for the immigrant population. This article uses simulation techniques to compare the effectiveness of four different weighting mechanisms in order to improve the precision of the labour-force estimates from the Irish component of the European Union Labour Force Survey (EU-LFS) called the Quarterly National Household Survey (QNHS). The four weighting methodologies for comparison include the original and the current weighting scheme of the QNHS as well as our two proposed alternative weighting schemes. The simulation results show that by modifying the current QNHS weighting mechanism, we can improve the accuracy of the labour-force estimates of the immigrant population in Ireland without affecting the estimates of the whole population and the Irish nationals. This article highlights potential issues that other countries with new immigrant populations may face when using the EU-LFS for immigration research, and our recommendations may be useful to researchers and national statistical offices in such countries.
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O’Reilly, D., und M. Rosato. „Unexpected variations in official UK statistics related to rates of suicide and those of undetermined intent: An exploration of causes“. European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.02.469.
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BackgroundOfficial rates of suicide are perhaps the most important and enduring measures of population mental health. They are however prone to variations in reporting usually relating to deaths where the intention was uncertain, though most official statistics circumvent this by including ‘events of undetermined intent’ (ICD10 Y10-34 and Y87.2) along with ‘intentional self-harm’ in their official statistics. It is however unclear how successful this strategy has been and whether significant sources of bias still persist.AimTo systematically examine the dramatic change in rates of death from suicide (and undetermined intent) in Northern Ireland, that coincided with a major overhaul and reorganisation of the Coroners Service in 2005/6, to understand the extent to which the initial investigation by the coroners’ office, legal processing, registration and coding practices can influence official suicide statistics.MethodsIn the space of one year, Northern Ireland went from having a standardised rate of suicide (incl undetermined intent) of 12.6/100,000 in 2004 to 26.6/100,000 in 2006 (a 111% increase) and in doing so went from having consistently the lowest to consistently the highest registered rate of suicide in the UK.ResultsInitial analyses rules out changes in the police service, pathology service or registration coding practices as causative and suggest that the introduction of a coroner's liaison officer (with a formal data gathering role) was the most likely factor. The centralisation of the coroners’ service also reduced variations according to age, sex, geography and coding.ConclusionsThe process underpinning official statistics need to be routinely scrutinised.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Barros, Joana M., Ruth Melia, Kady Francis, John Bogue, Mary O’Sullivan, Karen Young, Rebecca A. Bernert, Dietrich Rebholz-Schuhmann und Jim Duggan. „The Validity of Google Trends Search Volumes for Behavioral Forecasting of National Suicide Rates in Ireland“. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, Nr. 17 (02.09.2019): 3201. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16173201.
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Annual suicide figures are critical in identifying trends and guiding research, yet challenges arising from significant lags in reporting can delay and complicate real-time interventions. In this paper, we utilized Google Trends search volumes for behavioral forecasting of national suicide rates in Ireland between 2004 and 2015. Official suicide rates are recorded by the Central Statistics Office in Ireland. While similar investigations using Google trends data have been carried out in other jurisdictions (e.g., United Kingdom, United Stated of America), such research had not yet been completed in Ireland. We compiled a collection of suicide- and depression-related search terms suggested by Google Trends and manually sourced from the literature. Monthly search rate terms at different lags were compared with suicide occurrences to determine the degree of correlation. Following two approaches based on vector autoregression and neural network autoregression, we achieved mean absolute error values between 4.14 and 9.61 when incorporating search query data, with the highest performance for the neural network approach. The application of this process to United Kingdom suicide and search query data showed similar results, supporting the benefit of Google Trends, neural network approach, and the applied search terms to forecast suicide risk increase. Overall, the combination of societal data and online behavior provide a good indication of societal risks; building on past research, our improvements led to robust models integrating search query and unemployment data for suicide risk forecasting in Ireland.
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Lombard, Kim, Laura Desmond, Ciara Phelan und Joan Brangan. „Irish occupational therapists use of evidenced-based falls prevention programmes“. Irish Journal of Occupational Therapy 48, Nr. 1 (13.11.2019): 17–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijot-02-2019-0002.
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Purpose As one ages, the risk of experiencing a fall increases and poses a number of serious consequences; 30 per cent of individuals over 65 years of age fall each year. Evidence-based falls prevention programmes demonstrate efficacy in reducing the rate and risk of falls among older adults, but their use in Irish occupational therapy practice is unknown. This study aims to investigate the implementation of falls prevention programmes by occupational therapists working with older adults in Ireland. Design/methodology/approach A cross-sectional survey was used to gather data on the use of falls prevention programmes among occupational therapists working with older adults in any clinical setting across Ireland. Purposeful, convenience and snowball sampling methods were used. The Association of Occupational Therapists of Ireland acted as a gatekeeper. Descriptive statistics and summative content analysis were used to analyse quantitative and qualitative data, respectively. Findings In all, 85 survey responses were analysed. Over 85 per cent of respondents reported “Never” using any of the evidence-based falls prevention programmes. The “OTAGO” Exercise Programme was the most “Frequently” used programme (9.5 per cent, n = 7); 29 respondents reported using “in-department” developed falls prevention programmes and 14 provided additional comments regarding current falls prevention practices in Ireland. Originality/value In the absence of Irish data on the subject, this study provides a benchmark to describe the use of evidence-based falls programmes by Irish occupational therapists with older adults.
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Agyapong, V. O. I., C. Conway, A. Guerandel und F. O’Connell. „Shared care between specialised psychiatric services and primary care - the experiences and expectations of consultant psychiatrists in Ireland“. European Psychiatry 26, S2 (März 2011): 1694. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)73398-3.
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ObjectiveThe study aims to explore the views of consultant psychiatrists in Ireland on shared care between specialist psychiatric services and primary care.MethodsA self-administered questionnaire was posted to all 470 consultant psychiatrists working in Ireland. Self addressed envelopes were included for the return of completed questionnaires. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics and ANOVAResults213 questionnaires were returned giving a response rate of 45%. 47.9% of the respondents were male and 52.1% were female. Over all, 91% of respondents reported that they would support a general policy on shared care between primary care and specialised psychiatric services for patients who are stable on their treatment. However, 85% reported that they foresaw difficulties for patients in implementing such a policy, including: increased financial burden on some patients (66%), lack of adequate allied health professionals resources in primary care (60%) and GP's not adequately trained to provide psychiatric care (52%). Most psychiatrists did not feel comfortable to transfer the care of patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder to their GP's and Child psychiatrists were significantly less comfortable than other psychiatrists to discharge patients with Depression, Bipolar Disorder, Anxiety Disorder, Alcohol Dependency Syndrome and Personality Disorder into the care of GP's after they have been stabilised in their medication.ConclusionAlthough most psychiatrists in Ireland would support a policy of shared care, they identify several constraints which would currently hamper the effective implementation of a policy of active collaboration between primary care and specialised psychiatric services in Ireland.
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McParland, Patricia, Paula Devine, Anthea Innes und Vernon Gayle. „Dementia knowledge and attitudes of the general public in Northern Ireland: an analysis of national survey data“. International Psychogeriatrics 24, Nr. 10 (17.05.2012): 1600–1613. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610212000658.
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ABSTRACTBackground: This paper provides an overview of the findings from the dementia module of the 2010 Northern Ireland Life and Times (NILT) Survey: an annual survey recording public attitudes to major social policy issues. Northern Ireland, in line with many other developed countries, recently released a Dementia Strategy. The opportunity to explore the knowledge and attitudes of the general public to dementia at a national level in Northern Ireland is timely and valuable. This paper reports on an initial exploration of these attitudes, based on bivariate analysis across demographic groups.Methods: Data were analyzed using SPSS (Version 19). Descriptive and summary statistics were produced. A series of categorical bivariate relationships were tested (chi-square) and tests of association (Cramer's V) were reported. We discuss both knowledge-related findings and attitudinal findings.Results: We found that the general public in Northern Ireland have a reasonably good level of knowledge about dementia. However, attitudinal measures indicate the stereotyping and infantilization of people with dementia.Conclusions: This NILT module provides a unique source of data on attitudes to, and knowledge of, dementia. A key strength is that it provides statistically representative data with national level coverage. This information can be used to target public health education policies more effectively and to inform delivery of health and social services. The success of the module leads us to believe that it stands as a blue-print for collecting information on dementia in other social surveys.
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Connolly, Hayley, Natalie Delimata, Karen Galway, Bridget Kiely, Margaret Lawler, Jill Mulholland, Megan O’Grady und Deirdre Connolly. „Exploration of Evaluation Practices in Social Prescribing Services in Ireland: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study“. Healthcare 12, Nr. 2 (16.01.2024): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12020219.
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National health services in Ireland and the UK fund the majority of social prescribing services and have issued recommendations for evaluation. However, it is not known what outcomes are prioritised for evaluation within individual services and what evaluation methods are used to capture recommended outcomes. A survey was carried out to examine evaluation practices of social prescribing services on the island of Ireland. This study used a cross-sectional observational design. The sample was all the staff involved in delivering and/or managing SP services on the island of Ireland. Questionnaires were distributed at a national SP conference and online. Closed-response questions were analysed using descriptive statistics. Content analysis was used for open-ended questions. Eighty-four usable surveys were returned (50% from the Republic of Ireland and 50% from Northern Ireland). All respondents (100%) agreed on the importance of measuring SP outcomes. The most frequently measured outcomes were health and well-being (89.2%) and loneliness (84%). The least frequently measured outcome was the satisfaction of healthcare professionals referring to SP: 78.4% of respondents never measured this outcome. The most frequently used measurement tool was the Short Warwick Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale, with 38/76 (50%) respondents using this measure. There was a lack of standardised measures identified for some outcomes. For example, 70% of respondents reported always measuring physical activity (PA), but only four respondents identified a specific PA measure. In open-ended questions, respondents recommended flexibility in evaluation methods to reflect the complexity and individualised focus of SP. They also identified the need for protected time to complete evaluations and recommended a national strategy to inform priorities in evaluations. This study demonstrates a wide variation on the island of Ireland on how SP services are measuring outcomes, with many outcomes rarely or never measured using standardised measures. Agreement is needed on a core outcome set for social prescribing in order to guide service delivery and evaluations.
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Ahmed, Rakesh, und Peter May. „Does high COVID-19 spread impact neighbouring countries? Evidence from Ireland“. HRB Open Research 4 (20.05.2021): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/hrbopenres.13263.1.
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Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has necessitated public health responses on an unprecedented scale. Controlling infectious diseases requires understanding of the conditions that increase spread. Prior studies have identified sociodemographic, epidemiological and geographic associations. Ireland offers an unusual opportunity to quantify how high infection rates in one country impacted cases in a neighbouring country. Methods: We analysed official statistics on confirmed COVID-19 cases on the island of Ireland for 52 weeks from March 2020. Our main research question was: Did higher cases in Northern Ireland (NI) impact the number of cases in the Republic of Ireland (ROI)? We used least squares regression to compare confirmed cases in ROI counties that border NI with the rest of the state. We included in our model sociodemographic, epidemiological and geographic factors. We employed the latitude of each county town as an instrumental variable to isolate a quasi-experimental estimate of the cross-border spread. Results: In the quasi-experimental framework, and controlling for population density, age distribution and circulatory disease prevalence, border counties had an extra 21.0 (95%CI: 8.4-33.6) confirmed COVID-19 cases per 1000 people. This equates to an estimated 9,611 additional cases in ROI, or 4% of the national total in the first year of the pandemic. Our results were substantively similar in non-experimental frameworks, with alternative additional predictors, and in sensitivity analyses. Additionally, population density in ROI counties was positively associated with confirmed cases and higher proportions of residents in the professional classes was negatively associated. Conclusion: On the island of Ireland during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, high infection rates in NI increased cases in the neighbouring ROI. Maximising co-ordination of pandemic responses among neighbouring countries is essential to minimising disease spread, and its associated disruptions to society and the economy. Socioeconomic disadvantage appeared to confer significant additional risk of spread.
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Ahmed, Rakesh, und Peter May. „Does high COVID-19 spread impact neighbouring countries? Quasi-experimental evidence from the first year of the pandemic in Ireland“. HRB Open Research 4 (06.09.2021): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/hrbopenres.13263.2.
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Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has necessitated public health responses on an unprecedented scale. Controlling infectious diseases requires understanding of the conditions that increase spread. Prior studies have identified sociodemographic, epidemiological and geographic associations. Ireland offers an unusual opportunity to quantify how high infection rates in one country impacted cases in a neighbouring country. Methods: We analysed official statistics on confirmed COVID-19 cases on the island of Ireland for 52 weeks from March 2020. Our main research question was: Did higher cases in Northern Ireland (NI) impact the number of cases in the Republic of Ireland (ROI)? We used least squares regression to compare confirmed cases in ROI counties that border NI with the rest of the state. We included in our model sociodemographic, epidemiological and geographic factors. We employed the latitude of each county town as an instrumental variable to isolate a quasi-experimental estimate of the cross-border spread. Results: In the quasi-experimental framework, and controlling for population density, age distribution and circulatory disease prevalence, border counties had an extra 21.0 (95%CI: 8.4-33.6) confirmed COVID-19 cases per 1000 people. This equates to an estimated 9,611 additional cases in ROI, or 4% of the national total in the first year of the pandemic. Our results were substantively similar in non-experimental frameworks, with alternative additional predictors, and in sensitivity analyses. Additionally, population density in ROI counties was positively associated with confirmed cases and higher proportions of residents in the professional classes was negatively associated. Conclusion: On the island of Ireland during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, high infection rates in NI increased cases in the neighbouring ROI. Maximising co-ordination of pandemic responses among neighbouring countries is essential to minimising disease spread, and its associated disruptions to society and the economy. Socioeconomic disadvantage appeared to confer significant additional risk of spread.
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Hennelly, David, Conor Deasy, Siobhan Masterson, Cathal O'Donnell und Paul Jennings. „Characteristics of Patients Treated by Helicopter Emergency Medical Services in Ireland from 2012 to 2022: A Retrospective Analysis of Ten Years of Data“. Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 38, S1 (Mai 2023): s41—s42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x23001450.
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Introduction:A dedicated primary scene landing Helicopter Emergency Medical Services (HEMS) has been in operation in Ireland since 2012. Commencing with a unique collaboration between the Irish Aer Corps and civilian Emergency Medical Services (EMS) it has expanded to include a second charity funded model in the south west of the country. Both services operate under a single governance and dispatch system and provide an Advanced Paramedic level of care to the patients they serve. There is limited published literature on prehospital care in Ireland and to date no detailed descriptive study of patients treated by HEMS in Ireland. This research describes the characteristics of the patients treated by HEMS in Ireland.Method:This retrospective study will investigate the data of an excess of 8000 patients responded to by HEMS (2012-2022) in the republic of Ireland. Descriptive statistics will be used to interpret patient demographics, geographical spread, receiving facilities, mechanism/etiology of disease or injury, vital trends, transportation decisions and clinical interventions and short-term clinical outcomes.Results:Early stage data extraction shows seasonal variation in HEMS use with increased use in the summer months. Almost twice as many male patients vs. females were treated by HEMS while the most common age profile was 55-65 yrs. Trauma presentations have increased over the past 10 years and now account for over 60% of the overall caseload. The most common medical etiology was cardiac arrest or post resuscitation care followed by STEMI Care, the most common trauma cases were from road traffic collisions followed by falls and farm accidents.Conclusion:This study will be the first to describe the overall characteristics of HEMS patients in Ireland over a decade of service provision. As the Irish health system continues to evolve, so must its aeromedical services.
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Malone, K. M., L. Quinlivan, T. Grant und C. C. Kelleher. „Ageing towards 21 as a risk factor for Young Adult Suicide in the UK and Ireland“. Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences 22, Nr. 3 (13.11.2012): 263–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2045796012000649.
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Aims.Youth and young adult suicide has increasingly appeared on international vital statistics as a rising trend of concern in age-specific mortality over the past 50 years. The reporting of suicide deaths in 5-year age bands, which has been the international convention to date, may mask a greater understanding of year-on-year factors that may accelerate or ameliorate the emergence of suicidal thoughts, acts and fatal consequences. The study objective was to identify any year-on-year period of increased risk for youth and young adult suicide in the UK and Ireland.Methods.Collation and examination of international epidemiological datasets on suicide (aged 18–35) for the UK and Ireland 2000–2006 (N = 11 964). Outcome measures included the age distribution of suicide mortality in international datasets from the UK and Ireland, 2000–2006.Results.An accelerated pattern of risk up to the age of 20 for the UK and Ireland which levels off moderately thereafter was uncovered, thus identifying a heretofore unreported age-related epidemiological transition for suicide.Conclusions.The current reporting of suicide in 5-year age bands may conceal age-related periods of risk for suicide. This may have implications for suicide prevention programmes for young adults under age 21.
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Halvorsen, Knut. „Economic, Financial, and Political Crisis and Well-Being in the PIGS-Countries“. SAGE Open 6, Nr. 4 (Oktober 2016): 215824401667519. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244016675198.
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The research question in this article is threefold: To which degree is the financial crisis of 2008 and the subsequent recession associated with reduced well-being among people in the four hardest affected EURO countries? Are individual factors associated with reduced well-being the same in these countries? and Are lower socioeconomic groups more severely hit than the better off?. Data before the crisis are compared with data in 2013/2014 (EU-SILC [European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions] survey 2013) for Greece, Portugal, Ireland, and Spain. Finland is used as a reference category. Before control of individual characteristics, regressions demonstrate a small and mostly significant fall in average satisfaction with life in these countries, Portugal being an exception. According to the theory of capability and actual economic and political development, it was hypothesized that Greece—being the worst case in terms of economic development—may experience the greatest fall in life satisfaction. This hypothesis is not supported by the data. In fact, the strongest decline was found in Ireland. In particular, lack of political trust stands in Greece out as having an impact, while poor health is related to Ireland and unemployment to Portugal and Spain. Greatest socioeconomic inequality in life satisfaction was found in Portugal.
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Horner, Arnold. „Representing cultural divides in Ireland: Some nineteenth- and early twentieth-century mappings of variation in religion and language“. Irish Geography 43, Nr. 3 (13.04.2014): 233–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.55650/igj.2010.69.
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While the availability of suitable census statistics may be a necessary precondition, it may not be in itself sufficient for the production of particular types of thematic map. For over half a century, the collection and publication of Irish census statistics on the Irish language (from 1851) and religion (in 1834, and regularly from 1861) stimulated a rather limited cartographic response. This paper focuses on the Irish maps of Reverend Abraham Hume (1814_84), inter alia Church of England clergyman, antiquarian, ethnographer and maker of maps of the social condition of Liverpool. Thomas Larcom may have inspired manuscript maps showing the distribution of religions during the 1840s, but Hume has the distinction of putting into print what may be the first maps to record some of those divisions of religion and language that remain significant for regional identity in Ireland. He pre-dates by two decades a small band of outsiders - among them the statistician E.G. Ravenstein, the geographer E´ lise´e Re´clus and various atlas makers _ who were interested in making small-scale maps of Ireland related to these topics. However, the production of more detailed, larger-scale maps of language and religion gained very little momentum until the period when issues of power and identity had their most immediate expression: the 1910s and the 1920s.
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Poon, Michael T. C., Paul M. Brennan, Kai Jin, Jonine D. Figueroa und Cathie L. M. Sudlow. „Tracking Excess Deaths (TRACKED) – an interactive online tool to monitor excess deaths associated with the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom“. Wellcome Open Research 5 (16.07.2020): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16058.1.
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Background: We aimed to describe trends of excess mortality in the United Kingdom (UK) stratified by nation and cause of death, and to develop an online tool for reporting the most up to date data on excess mortality Methods: Population statistics agencies in the UK including the Office for National Statistics (ONS), National Records of Scotland (NRS), and Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency (NISRA) publish weekly mortality data. We used mortality data up to 22nd May in the ONS and the NISRA and 24th May in the NRS. The main outcome measures were crude mortality for non-COVID deaths (where there is no mention of COVID-19 on the death certificate) calculated, and excess mortality defined as difference between observed mortality and expected average of mortality from previous 5 years. Results: There were 56,961 excess deaths, of which 8,986 were non-COVID excess deaths. England had the highest number of excess deaths per 100,000 population (85) and Northern Ireland the lowest (34). Non-COVID mortality increased from 23rd March and returned to the 5-year average on 10th May. In Scotland, where underlying cause mortality data besides COVID-related deaths was available, the percentage excess over the 8-week period when COVID-related mortality peaked was: dementia 49%, other causes 21%, circulatory diseases 10%, and cancer 5%. We developed an online tool (TRACKing Excess Deaths - TRACKED) to allow dynamic exploration and visualisation of the latest mortality trends. Conclusions: Continuous monitoring of excess mortality trends and further integration of age- and gender-stratified and underlying cause of death data beyond COVID-19 will allow dynamic assessment of the impacts of indirect and direct mortality of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Poon, Michael T. C., Paul M. Brennan, Kai Jin, Jonine D. Figueroa und Cathie L. M. Sudlow. „Tracking Excess Deaths (TRACKED) – an interactive online tool to monitor excess deaths associated with the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom“. Wellcome Open Research 5 (20.11.2020): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16058.2.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Background: We aimed to describe trends of excess mortality in the United Kingdom (UK) stratified by nation and cause of death, and to develop an online tool for reporting the most up to date data on excess mortality Methods: Population statistics agencies in the UK including the Office for National Statistics (ONS), National Records of Scotland (NRS), and Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency (NISRA) publish weekly mortality data. We used mortality data up to 22nd May in the ONS and the NISRA and 24th May in the NRS. The main outcome measures were crude mortality for non-COVID deaths (where there is no mention of COVID-19 on the death certificate) calculated, and excess mortality defined as difference between observed mortality and expected average of mortality from previous 5 years. Results: There were 56,961 excess deaths, of which 8,986 were non-COVID excess deaths. England had the highest number of excess deaths per 100,000 population (85) and Northern Ireland the lowest (34). Non-COVID mortality increased from 23rd March and returned to the 5-year average on 10th May. In Scotland, where underlying cause mortality data besides COVID-related deaths was available, the percentage excess over the 8-week period when COVID-related mortality peaked was: dementia 49%, other causes 21%, circulatory diseases 10%, and cancer 5%. We developed an online tool (TRACKing Excess Deaths - TRACKED) to allow dynamic exploration and visualisation of the latest mortality trends. Conclusions: Continuous monitoring of excess mortality trends and further integration of age- and gender-stratified and underlying cause of death data beyond COVID-19 will allow dynamic assessment of the impacts of indirect and direct mortality of the COVID-19 pandemic.