Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Intervence logopedická“

This research aims to extend and adapt the therapy techniques, specific to the speak and language disorders domain, for their use in the child’s family environment. The main subjects of the research are the parents of the children diagnosed with speaking problems. By encouraging the parent’s active participation within the logopedic therapy, it is intended to teach them, so that they could continue the therapy in the child’s every day life. Moreover, the therapeutic collaboration between the speech therapist, the child and the parents allow to valorise the observations made by the parents related to the child environment and every day life, completing the information obtained by the therapist during the complex evaluation of the child. Using this exhaustive information, the therapist is able to propose an intervention program that is personalised to the child’s needs. Furthermore, in the context of the recent changing of the work paradigm, when the therapy sessions are conducted in the format of teletherapy, the collaboration and the support offered by the therapist to the parents is essential for the success of the intervention program.

According to the literature, we are talking about a language delay when the child fails to reach the level of language evolution, compared to his chronological age. In fact, we know that language development is closely linked to cognitive development. Therefore, the structure of language is influenced by the degree of cognitive development. Knowing that the language delay may exists as a secondary pathology in most intellectual disabilities and can be recognized by the poverty of vocabulary, the inability to express themselves correctly in sentences or phrases, being reached phonetic, lexical and grammatical aspects, I wanted to surprise in this study the features of language development in young children oriented towards our school by proposing a complex, multidimensional approach to early assessment of language skills and capturing the effect of a multidimensional intervention program that will ultimately lead to the configuration of functional communication skills. Children included in this study are enrolled in the kindergarten group or in the preparatory class, aged between 4 and 8 years. These children are also diagnosed with mild or moderate intellectual disability. The program took place in two stages. In the first stage, a multidimensional evaluation was performed, on all sides of the language by applying tests, scales or evaluation tests. The results obtained by the children were interpreted and presented at the level of some case studies. In the second stage, we proposed an intervention program that aims to enrich and activate vocabulary, by applying the "50 word-list techniqueT⁵⁰", training phonetic and phonological skills, those related to structural semantics and lexical semantics and shaping morphological skills, which will lead to the configuration of a functional communication skill related to chronological and mental age.

Developmental coordination disorder DCD is a specific set of impairments corelated with gross and fine motor disfunction, poor motor planning and impaired sensor integration. The term is use wildly for this condition, based on the proposed term made by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM–5), but others terms such as dyspraxia, specific motor dysfunction, specific coordination motor disfunction (ICD – 10) are used and preferred in the same time. The article displays the multiple terms used in the literature connected with the DCD, the criteria for diagnosis, the implication for education and target specific intervention in case of DCD.

Introduzione: Il progetto “labiopalatoschisi” nasce nel 2003 ad Alessandria e si concretizza nell’apertura ufficiale di un ambulatorio L.P.S. che coinvolge non solo medici, chirurghi, operatori sanitari della nostra ASO ma anche odontoiatri che prestano la loro opera a livello di volontariato. Sempre nel 2003 alcuni genitori fondano l’Associazione Labiopalatoschisi Alessandria “Un sorriso per loro” con l’intento di sostenere le famiglie e i piccoli pazienti nell’impegnativo percorso diagnostico terapeutico che prosegue per tutta l’età evolutiva. Metodologia: Poiché questa patologia coinvolge organi, apparati e funzioni diverse, è stata adottata la formula del day-hospital terapeutico che permette valutazioni collegiali (chirurgica, odontoiatrica, otorino, logopedica e specialistiche correlate) in un’unica struttura e in un unico accesso. I genitori diventano parte integrante di questo percorso e con loro si stringe un’”alleanza terapeutica” perché portino a completamento il percorso terapeutico impegnandosi a collaborare alle cure prestate e a rispettare i tempi di valutazione e intervento. Dalla nascita del piccolo paziente i familiari vengono coinvolti con counselling e materiale informativo finalizzato. Nell’ambulatorio LPS vengono seguiti non solo i bambini operati presso la nostra struttura o residenti comunque sul territorio ma anche bambini operati o provenienti da altre strutture ospedaliere mantenendo poi i contatti con gli operatori dei centri di provenienza. I bambini sono presi in carico dall’ambulatorio dal momento della nascita fino ai 20 anni. Risultati: Dal 2009 presso l’ambulatorio sono stati effettuati 3139 accessi per cure secondarie post operatorie, 940 visite, 131 interventi chirurgici su nuovi casi. I piccoli pazienti hanno potuto godere di interventi e valutazioni interdisciplinari (visita chirurgica, otorino, odontoiatrica-ortodontica, valutazione e counselling logopedico, eventuali visite specialistiche correlate es. chirurgia estetica e ricostruttiva, auxologica, psicologica, neuropsichiatrica) in un unico accesso e un’unica struttura. Le prestazioni sono gratuite comprese quelle odontoiatriche-ortodontiche prestate da odontoiatri volontari. La facilità di accesso garantisce la continuità delle cure, motivando ed incoraggiando i piccoli pazienti ed i loro familiari al completamento del percorso terapeutico impedendo che la malformazione presente alla nascita si trasformi in handicap in età adulta. Conclusione: La palatoschisi ha un incidenza in Italia di circa un caso ogni 1000 nati. E’ una malformazione che può coinvolgere labbro superiore, gengiva, palato duro e molle e naso. Frequentemente è associata a quadri sindromici (es.sindrome velocardio facciale, sindrome di Pierre_Robin, Sindrome da delezione cromosomica (cromosoma 22 Q), sindrome di Charge). La labiopalatoschisi determina dei problemi di natura funzionale ed estetica; un bambino affetto da questa patologia ha delle enormi difficoltà nel nutrirsi, nel parlare. Il recupero completo della malformazione copre solitamente diversi anni e può richiedere anche numerosi interventi chirurgici. Facendo parte di quadri sindromici complessi, possono essere inoltre presenti malformazioni ad altri apparati ed organi e ritardo cognitivo. Risulta quindi indispensabile quell’interdisciplinarietà garantita dall’ambulatorio Labiopalatoschisi che ha permesso a tanti piccoli pazienti di diventare degli adulti “sani”.

Abstract: Evaluation of a speech therapy in patients with Alzheimer's disease under cholinergic treatment: A pilot study. The intervention on Alzheimer's disease (AD) has shown that pharmacological treatments with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors are highly beneficial. There is not much evidence if other treatments are effective, because it is difficult to find patients who are not medicated. In the present study a logopedic intervention in patients with AD in the mild phase, with and without pharmacological treatment, was verified. The results show that logopedic intervention slows the deterioration of the disease. The combination of logopedic intervention and pharmacological therapy is confirmed as the therapeutic option that most benefits the patient, while patients who only received one of the treatments show a more pronounced cognitive deterioration. The conclusions indicate that the pharmacological approach is necessary but insufficient, and that a logopedic intervention may be an adequate and effective complement in AD.Keywords: Alzheimer disease; Speech therapy; Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. Resumen: Al intervenir en pacientes con la enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) se ha comprobado que los tratamientos farmacológicos con inhibidores de acetilcolinesterasa resultan altamente beneficiosos, pero existen pocas evidencias sobre la efectividad de otros tratamientos debido a que es difícil encontrar pacientes que no estén medicados. En el presente estudio piloto se comprueba la efectividad de una intervención logopédica en enfermos con EA en fase leve, con y sin tratamiento farmacológico. Los resultados muestran que la intervención logopédica frena el deterioro de la enfermedad. La combinación de intervención logopédica y terapia farmacológica es la opción terapéutica que más beneficios reporta al paciente, mientras que los enfermos que sólo recibieron uno de los tratamientos muestran un deterioro cognitivo más pronunciado. Las conclusiones indican que la aproximación farmacológica es necesaria pero insuficiente, y que una intervención logopédica puede ser un complemento adecuado y eficaz de la EA.Palabras clave: Enfermedad de Alzheimer; Intervención logopédica; Inhibidores de acetilcolinesterasa.

Speech is one of the basic forms of human communication and disruption of communication ability can negatively affect the life of man. deals with the elaboration of logopedic theory, which serves as a basis for the follow-up design and application creation in the field of speech therapy. The thesis is divided into five chapters. The first chapter deals with the history of speech therapy with an emphasis on domestic logopaedia, the logopedic intervention process in its entirety, and the differentiation of individual types of impaired communication skills. The second chapter focuses on a specific disruption of communication skills - dyslalia.The application for the treatment of dyslalia is determined by the application, which is elaborated in the third chapter. The fourth chapter contains a detailed description of the designed and created application, including an explanation of the processes running in the application when the application is being used. The last chapter of this diploma thesis contains a summary of the results of the practical testing of the application together with suggestions for improvement of the application.

The present diploma thesis called Speech Therapy as a part of Spa Treatment is about to describe the profession of the speech therapist as a part of a team in rehabilitation programmes. This is also the main objective of the thesis and other sub-objectives are created. One of these is to determine the type of communication ability that is most frequent in these types of facilities. Next sub-objective is identify and describe the methods that are the most used by speech therapist in diagnostics and, last but not least, to attempt to chart the most used therapies. Semi-structured interviews with speech therapist and questionnaires, that were presented to patiens, were used in qualitative research. The research was realized in two spa facilities of the same orientation located in the Moravian-Silesian Region.

This diploma thesis is focused on speech therapy intervention for adults with dyslalia. It defines basic theory of communication and speech, a communication disorder, speech therapy and a specific of intervention for adults. It also describes the most common types of communication disorders of adolescents, adults and elderly which are according to statistics aphasia, dysarthria, stuttering and dyslalia. Dyslalia is then studied in further detail and represents the main section of the theoretical part of the thesis as it contains a description of its therapy among others. Re-education was focused on dyslalia of sounds r and ř, that is rhotacism and rhotacism bohemicus, as they are most common. The main purpose of the thesis is to describe progress of re-education of adults with dyslalia, find reasons to start re- education and differences between an intervention for children and adults. The research is divided into two sections, the first section contains information from interviews with clinical speech therapists and the second contains two case studies of adults with dyslalia.

This diploma thesis presents an analysis of speech impairments accompanying Parkinson's disease. This paper is divided into two sections - theoretical and practical. The first section gives a brief overview of available Czech and foreign literature and articles about this neurodegenerative disease. The section examines the questions of its aetiology, symptomatology, diagnostics and treatment. There can be found also a description of speech impairment connected with this disease, which is mainly hypokinetic and hyperkinetic dysarthria and dysphagia. It also deals with the problem of other limitations in communication such as facial bradykinesia or speech intelligibility. In the last chapter of theoretical part is described speech therapy and intervention with the emphasis on therapy, diagnostics and the effects of pharmacology an non-pharmacological treatment such as deep brain stimulation on speech performance in Parkinson's disease. The research part analyses speech impairment of people with Parkinson's disease. The aim of this diploma thesis was examination of this speech impairment using the Test 3F: Dysarthria profile and patient's own perception of this specific speech disorder. In this paper are presented eight case studies focusing on speech of clients with Parkinson's disease. The results...

1 ABSTRACT The present work deals with the development of speech child educated in a multilingual environment, resp. with children bilingualism and any difficulties that may accompany this development. The aim of this work is to investigate the effect of the action of multiple languages in the acquisition of speech and the possibility of child therapy of multi-lingual children. The theoretical basis is based on the analysis of scientific literature on the topic. Includes basic terms, follows the development of the child's speech in connection with multilingual environment, the type and manner learning another language. It deals with the problems of these children in speech, specifics and possible redress procedures in the context of logopedic intervention. The practical part consists of qualitative research in the form of case studies, using the method of interview, observation and analysis of results of operations. KEYWORDS multilingual environment, logopedic intervention, bilingual, multilingual, development of speech

The topic of the diploma thesis is speech therapy and intervention of pupils with elective mutism. The thesis is structured into four chapters. The theoretical framework is presented in three chapters, the fourth one is an empirical part of the thesis. The first theoretical chapter describes the concept of communication and the definitions of basic terms, such as speech communication, speech, language, language levels of speech, socialization and social interaction. There are also listed terminological definition of elective mutism, etiology, classification and symptomatology. The second theoretical chapter is based on the issues of speech therapy and intervention and its system in the Czech Republic in terms of diagnostics, differential diagnostics, the process of therapy, prevention and prognosis. The third chapter describes the multidisciplinary approaches and support of the pupils with elective mutism in terms of family and school education. The role of the teacher is also described and at the end of the chapter indicated the help to the pupil in basic education. The fourth empirical chapter deals with qualitative research, realized by case studies, which were supplemented by other research techniques. The main objective of the research was to analyze speech therapy and intervention in pupils...

This thesis is focused on young people with hearing impairment who are educated by oral auditory method at school for pupils with special educative needs, particularly at School for the Hearing Impaired. The theoretical part is especially oriented on the characteristics and specifics of the developmental period of adolescence which is a very important milestone at the transition from childhood to maturity. It is focused on the hearing impairment issue and it also observes the psychological aspects of the people with hearing impairment. Furthermore, it deals with communication competencies of people with hearing impairment with focusing on spoken words and speech therapy intervention. The aim of the scientific examination of this thesis is to bring closer and mediate the opinions and experience of the young people with hearing impairment who are educated by oral - auditory method on their own communication skills and abilities. In this part of work the students themselves express their communication competencies. This work contains authentic parts of testimonies and brings some interesting insights of students themselves. This is a little probe into the lives of the young people with hearing impairment through their experience.

This thesis deals with speech therapy for people with acquired brain injury. The theoretical part consists of three chapters that acquaint readers with the theoretical framework necessary to understand the range of problems examined. It approximates the issue of origin and effects of this disease and refers to attitude in therapy that can be realized to people with this impairment. The research part of the work puts a goal to analyze the possibilities of speech therapy of selected persons with aphasia. The resulting data agree on the fact that for effective speech therapy is necessary on the one hand an individual approach but also motivation of patient is very important. The thesis also includes creating a custom set of exercises which has confirmed the effectivness of the development of cognitive functions in persons with aphasia. The empirical part is based on the qualitative research which was realized by techniques of participant observing, interviewing, questionnaire survey, analysing progress and outcomes of activities, documentation and literature.

The diploma thesis deals with the speech therapy of people after stroke. The aim of this diploma thesis is the analysis of the communication abilities of people after stroke. On the basis of this analysis was created for two person therapeutic material, which was verified during speech therapy. The diploma thesis is devided into two parts. The theoretical part of the thesis analyses the issue of stroke and neurogenic communication disorders on the basis of the current state of knowledge. The practical part of the thesis is performed with qualitatively focused research with the use of case studies, observation and creating own therapeutic material. Case studies describe speech therapy and work with material. The research shows that the therapeutic material is usable in practice. KEYWORDS stroke, aphasia, dysarthria, therapeutic material, case studies

The diploma thesis is oriented on special education. The main goal is to find out and describe whether and how is speech and language therapy established in regular kindergartens at the foothills of Orlické mountains. The work is divided into five chapters, four of them are theoretical and the fifth chapter is a practical one. The first chapter is focused on the way how the preschool education is organised in the Czech Republic. It describes the legislation system, clarifies the system of curricular documents established in our republic and mainly the framework educational program for preschool education. The second chapter describes the preschool-child ontogenesis including all aspects of his/her personality and it also depicts the child-speech ontogenesis. The third chapter is focused on the main types of impaired communication ability of preschool children. The fourth chapter is focused on the speech therapy intervention provided in the Czech Republic. The fifth chapter presents combined research, within which the qualitative method of dialogue and the quantitative method of questionnaire were used, together with non-structured observation and comparative analysis among kindergartens. The chapter defines the research goals and used methods, sets the hypotheses and the research sample. In...