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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "International business enterprises – Public opinion"
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BONDARENKO, Olha, Viktoriia KOZLOVA und Anastasiia LEBEDIEVA. „Financial accounting and reporting of small business entities: the simplified tax system“. Economics. Finances. Law 11, Nr. - (18.11.2022): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.37634/efp.2022.11.3.
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This paper considers a simplified taxation mechanism used by small business entities. The state is most interested in the development of small businesses. Small enterprises create jobs, increase revenues to the state budget and fill market segments that are closed to large enterprises. The complexity of financial accounting and compliance with the rules of the general taxation system were an obstacle for many people to officially register as entrepreneurs. Aware of this, the government developed measures to detinize the work of self-employed persons, providing them with comfortable working conditions. And it is the presence of a simplified taxation system that is one of the main tools for this today. During her work, she has already managed to show herself as a useful and popular tool, which is chosen not only by aspiring startups, but also by experienced businessmen. More and more small businesses choose to switch to a simplified system of taxation, accounting and reporting. Such a step is appropriate, because it allows to reduce the tax burden and, as a result, to have more resources for growth. It also simplifies financial accounting and reporting, which reduces the risk of making mistakes and, as a result, paying fines. All highly developed countries prioritize the development of small businesses and apply a simplified taxation system. Ukraine is oriented towards international standards, therefore the improvement of taxation is currently in the center of attention of scientific and public opinion. In order to contribute to the research of this important topic, we will consider a number of theoretical, organizational and practical aspects of the simplified taxation system and propose ways to improve it in this paper.
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Svinous, I., O. Slobodeniuk, N. Prysiazhniuk, O. Gavryk und N. Svinous. „Organization of agricultural enterprise environmental accounting under transition to international fnancial reporting standards“. Ekonomìka ta upravlìnnâ APK, Nr. 1(172) (24.06.2022): 120–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.33245/2310-9262-2022-172-1-120-130.
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The article considers environmental accounting under its transition to international fnancial reporting. Professional organizations such as the International Federation of Accountants (IFA), the Association of Chartered Certifed Accountants (ACCA), and the Chartered Institute of Management Accountants (CIMA) are involved in the implementation of environmental accounting basics in practice. To become competitive on the world market, Ukrainian enterprises need to create environmental accounting and management systems. Legislation amendment is among the external causes and incentives for this process, which can signifcantly reduce the negative impact on the environment. Amending involves correspondinf to the institutional structure and consumer preferences in foreign countries, ecological labeling, the public opinion influence, environmental initiative within the business community, environmental audit and environmental standards, the practice dissemination of «supplier audit» and «ethical» investments. The study elaborates on the reasons for pointing out the peculiarities of emissions accounting and reporting concerning greenhouse gases in the enterprises. Environmental accounting can be organized for both the total amount of emissions and for separate different processes of greenhouse gases. The emission calculation method is generally applied the national inventory though there are no precise limits as well as assortment of sources and the preset base yea in the national inventory. International fnancial reporting standards do not consider the complex issue of accounting for greenhouse gas emission reduction certifcates. The value of these certifcates can be signifcant. International companies of countries with developed economies own and sell carbon dioxide emissions reduction certifcates obtained in accordance with the mechanism of clean development of the Kyoto Protocol. Accounting for the main areas of agricultural production greening can be carried out within the developed concept of accounting which focuses on the environment. It uses the theory, methodology and organization of environmental accounting of quota trade within the Kyoto Protocol in the context of modern methods in terms of globalization and integration of existing accounting models into a united international system. Key words: ecology, agricultural enterprise, ecological accounting, international fnancial reporting standards, accounting.
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Maistrenko, Anastasiia S., Karina O. Nazarova und Anastasiia A. Lusta. „Mission and Socioeconomic Potential of the Company’s Anti-Corruption Audit in the Context of European Integration“. Business Inform 10, Nr. 549 (2023): 265–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2023-10-265-269.
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Anti-corruption audit is an important tool in the current conditions, especially for companies operating in the context of European integration. The mission of anti-corruption audit in this context is to ensure compliance with transparency, ethics and rules of business conduct in conditions where corruption can cause negative consequences both for the company itself and for society as a whole. Anti-corruption audit is becoming a necessary element of the strategy for companies. It contributes to the creation of an honest and open business environment, which has a positive impact on the company’s relations with international partners. It also helps to make the business more competitive, maintain the trust of partners, investors and consumers, promotes socioeconomic development both at the company level and at the national level. The implementation of anti-corruption practices and measures has a direct impact on the investment climate, the competitiveness of enterprises, public trust, and the overall level of economic development. Achieving optimal results requires a system approach and active support from the company’s management or government. It is important to develop a clear anti-corruption policy, conduct education and training for staff, create a system of control and monitoring, and publicly disclose information about anti-corruption measures. This will help create a sustainable and ethical business environment, contribute to further development and integration into the European economy, foster the socioeconomic development of our country. Prospects for further research in this direction are: analysis of the efficiency of anti-corruption measures; research on how anti-corruption audit interacts with other aspects of European integration, such as reforms in the judiciary, human rights and legal reform; study of public attitudes towards anti-corruption measures and their impact on public opinion.
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Ershova, I. V. „Family Business: Points and a Vector of Reference in Legal Regulation“. Actual Problems of Russian Law 17, Nr. 11 (31.08.2022): 67–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1994-1471.2022.144.11.067-075.
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The paper provides for statistical data characterizing family business in Russia and foreign countries. The author focuses on the role of family entrepreneurship for achieving national goals and implementing national interests. With reference to the approaches used in conducting sociological research and compiling ratings, emphasis is placed on the concepts of «family enterprise», «family entrepreneurship» and the conclusion is confirmed that it is necessary to consolidate the relevant definitions and criteria in legislation. Based on the opinion of experts, the author draws the readers’ attention to improving the efficiency of family companies named after their owners. The paper shows the importance of applied research and explains the state of the doctrine in the field of family business. The conclusion is made about legal research insufficiency in this area of public relations. The paper describes the results of the formation of the scientific school of family entrepreneurship in Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL). The memorandum adopted by the professional community based on the results of the international conference has been published. The paper determines possible effects for the university, the industry, the region and society as a whole because of implementation of «Family Entrepreneurship» project
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Deng, Xiaopeng, Sui Pheng Low, Xianbo Zhao und Tengyuan Chang. „Identifying micro variables contributing to political risks in international construction projects“. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 25, Nr. 3 (16.04.2018): 317–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-02-2017-0042.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the micro-level variables contributing to political risks in international construction projects. Design/methodology/approach A total of 25 micro-level variables were identified from the literature review, and a questionnaire survey was performed with 138 professionals from both academia and industry. Then, the Spearman rank correlation was used to test whether there was agreement on ranking between the two respondent groups. Furthermore, the 25 variables were grouped into six underlying factors through the exploratory factor analysis. Findings The results indicated that the most critical variables were “project desirability to the host country,” “relationship with governments,” “misconduct of contractors,” “public opposition to the project,” “experiential knowledge of political risks” and “advantageous conditions of contract.” In addition, the opinions within each group were consistent and there was no significant disagreement on the rankings of variables between academics and practitioners. However, the academic and practitioner groups held different opinions on some individual variables. The impact direction of the variables was associated with confusion among the respondents. Originality/value The findings presented in this paper can help international construction enterprises effectively manage political risks in international construction projects.
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Jacur, Francesca Romanin. „Corporate Social Responsibility in Recent Bilateral and Regional Free Trade Agreements: An Early Assessment“. European Foreign Affairs Review 23, Issue 4 (01.12.2018): 465–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eerr2018037.
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When looking at international trade and investment, there is a quite remarkable gap between the commercial power companies gain through international bilateral and regional trade agreements (Free Trade Agreements or FTAs) and investment treaties that facilitate their access to foreign markets and the norms of these agreements which address corporate behaviours in order to align them with sustainable development objectives. For instance, there is a strong perception by the public opinion that the recent Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) and Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) negotiations, harshly criticized for lack of transparency, would favour multinational corporations and other business operators at the expenses of the protection of public interests. Recently negotiated FTAs contain dedicated chapters to social, labour and environmental protection issues, including corporate social responsibility (CSR) norms. The opening of FTAs and their investment chapters to sustainable development concerns is – or should be – a way to rebalance the level playing field in these interstate agreements by envisaging public interest standards applicable to business operators. Disagreements between the Parties regarding these provisions may be solved through implementation mechanisms where non-state actors can actively participate. Notwithstanding this shift towards the inclusion of non-trade and non-state actors consideration, the provisions of bilateral and regional FTAs remain of an intergovernmental nature and do not provide for direct obligations for corporations. Despite the lack of vertical effects and the consequent limited implications on enterprises, the presence of CSR clauses testifies the recognition of the crucial role that these actors play as potential promoters, on the one hand, but also of potential infringers, on the other hand, of human and labour rights and of environmental protection. This contribution first examines the approach and the provisions of selected bilateral and regional FTAs that are relevant for the protection of human and social rights and the environment. It then analyses one of the latest developments in this decade-long normative evolution, which are the CSR clauses included in the more recent FTAs concluded by the European Union. While these clauses, for the time being, are rather programmatic and are coupled with soft implementation mechanisms, some reflections are proposed de lege ferenda on how they could ‘harden’ and become more stringent.
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Hu, Fang, Yubo Li, Xianmei Wang und David Lee Cook. „Time varying characteristics of factors affecting carbon price in emission trading scheme in China: Evidence from SV-TVP-VAR approach“. Journal of Infrastructure, Policy and Development 8, Nr. 7 (17.07.2024): 3793. http://dx.doi.org/10.24294/jipd.v8i7.3793.
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Analysis of the factors influencing the price of carbon emissions trading in China and its time-varying characteristics is essential for the smooth operation of the carbon trading system. We analyse the time-varying effects of public concern, degree of carbon regulation, crude oil price, international carbon price and interest rate level on China’s carbon price through SV-TVP-VAR model. Among them, the quantification of public concern and the degree of carbon emission regulation is based on microblog text and government decisions. The results show that all the factors influencing carbon price are significantly time-varying, with the shocks of each factor on carbon price rising before 2019 and turning significantly thereafter. The short-term shock effect of each factor is more significant compared to the medium- and long-term, and the effect almost disappears at a lag of six months. Thanks to public environmental awareness, low-carbon awareness and the progress of carbon market management mechanisms, public concern has had the most significant impact on carbon price since 2019. With the promulgation of relevant management measures for the carbon market, relevant regulations on carbon emission accounting, financing constraints, and carbon emission quota allocation for emission-controlled enterprises have become increasingly mature, and carbon price signals are more sensitive to market information. The above findings provide substantial empirical evidence for all stakeholders in the market, who need to recognize that the impact of non-structural factors on the price of carbon varies over time. Government intervention also serves as a key aspect of carbon emission control and requires the introduction of relevant constraints and incentives. In particular, emission-controlling firms need to focus on the policy direction of the carbon market, and focus on the impact of Internet public opinion on business production while reducing carbon allowance demand and energy dependence.
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YEVTUSHENKO, Viktoriia, Tatiana SHUBA, V. LYASHEVSKA und Vadim BOLDYREV. „MANAGEMENT WORK IN THE FIELD OF LOGISTICS IN EU WORLD MARKETS“. Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University 302, Nr. 1 (Januar 2022): 134–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5740-2022-302-1-22.
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The article considers the problem of improving the efficiency of management work at enterprises operating in the field of logistics in international markets. The efficiency of corporate personnel and successful corporate activities largely depends on the level of competence of employees, which is the most important component of personnel management and compliance with personnel strategy. Today, human resources are considered the most important internal resource to improve production efficiency, so effective personnel management is the key to business success and efficiency. Human resource management involves the formation of “correct” model of employee behavior, so that their qualifications and professionalism meet the requirements of the company, actively initiate and implement their desires in the process. To ensure and improve the skills of managers, rational organization and management should be considered as a prerequisite for effective human resource management, which requires the establishment of new effective methods and forms of selection, placement, evaluation and development of skills. Management of various spheres of public life has its own characteristics, and the study of the management process requires differentiated methods, which is the subject of special research. Management activity is a kind of consciously carried out human activity, the purpose of which is to ensure the effectiveness of work performed (individual or collective), to achieve certain goals, to solve related tasks, to perform functions. The concept of “management” is broader than the concept of “management work”, because management activities include management, work, man and nature, in other activities, management activities are leading and guiding. The impact is not in management, but in the process of its implementation. In modern scientific thought, we can identify various methods of defining the concept of managerial work and establish the essence of its category. However, despite the significant contribution of scientists in the study of managerial work, unresolved, in our opinion, remain issues related to the management of managerial work in the field of foreign economic activity of enterprises, including its development in such enterprises.
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Kovalenko, Victoria, M. Slatvinska, Zaharii Varnalii, Sergii Sheludko und T. Valihura. „THE SHADOW ECONOMY’S PHENOMENON AND ITS IMPACT ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF CORPORATE BUSINESS AND HOUSEHOLDS IN UKRAINE“. Financial and credit activity problems of theory and practice 3, Nr. 44 (10.07.2022): 328–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.55643/fcaptp.3.44.2022.3763.
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The shadow economy, along with macroeconomic imbalances and limited resources, will become a key global risk for the next decade. Withdrawing cash flows from the shadow sector and directing them to the legal economy solves numerous political, social, and economic problems of a country. That's why assessing the level of the shadow economy and solving problems of legalizing cashflows in any country has theoretical and practical significance. The purpose of this study is to assess the level of the shadow economy in Ukraine and to identify the problems, which give rise to it in the context of new challenges of the crisis phenomena both in Ukraine and around the world. The paper presents a comprehensive study of the shadow economy phenomenon, examines the root causes of its occurrence. The specificity of the study consists in assessing the level of the shadow economy in Ukraine according to the existing methods, namely: the unprofitableness of enterprises “household expenses – retail sales and services”, electrical and monetary. According to the review of scientific works, it is necessary to use a comprehensive indicator of the shadow economy assessment. Thus, considerable attention is paid to deepening the methodological aspects of assessing the shadow economy based on multi-criteria methods. The result of the study is the calculation of the shadow economy's level, considering the shadow currency turnover, based on the fact that Ukraine is a dollar-dependent country. A large proportion of the capital withdrawal into the shadow circulation is associated precisely with currency fraud. The obtained results confirm that the legalization of currency cash turnover should be mandatory in the process of foreign exchange regulation's transformation in Ukraine. Achieving this goal is associated with the deregulation of the foreign exchange market and the banking sector on the basis of moderate liberalization, warning the country's economy against the deployment of credit booms, improving the institutional provision of financial intermediation, developing a full-fledged market for derivatives, harmonizing national legislation with the best world experience and international standards of regulation, supervision and reporting, continuous monitoring of public opinion on the actions of monetary authorities and the consequences of these actions for the welfare and economic stability of corporate business and households.
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Vaisman, Rafael. „Risks and Benefits with International Technology Transfer from Brazil to Angola“. Fronteiras: Journal of Social, Technological and Environmental Science 2, Nr. 2 (20.12.2013): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.21664/2238-8869.2013v2i2.p89-104.
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Thanks to the transfer of technology from Brazil, Angola is entering the sucroalcooleiro sector with multiple aims. These include creating jobs in rural areas, diversifying the energy mix and boosting exports. Angola is one of the countries that has envisioned international technology transfer as a strategy to increase participation in the global market, while decreasing its dependence on sugar imports. While the production of ethanol and sugar can bring about some benefits, technology transfer in this area is not without risks. It needs to be carefully crafted and executed, especially in accordance with the principles of sustainable development, which is by the government plan of Angola to include, rather than exclude, the rural poor. This study shows that stakeholders presented different opinions in relation to Biocom and sustainable development. The main reason is linked to the distinction between global, national and local levels. On the global level, ITT and Biocom are seen as alternative renewable sources of energy (ethanol) to fossil fuels, on the local level there is a concern with the socio-environmental issues which local communities might face, indeed ITT and Biocom are perceived as a risk in case locals lose their lands and do not receive compensation. On the national level, while there is the expectancy of employment, infrastructure development and attraction of investments in the country, there is a lack of trust in governance by Angolan civil society; which argues that Angolan government and enterprises do not encourage public participation nor allows it to happen. Technology transfer is perceived as a business and geopolitical strategy driven by private and state interests, undermining environmental and social costs. On the other hand technology transfer is seen as a key to foster economic opportunities towards sustainable development.
Dissertationen zum Thema "International business enterprises – Public opinion"
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Dumitrascu, Radu. „Corporate-adaptation in international public relations“. Fairfax, VA : George Mason University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1920/3156.
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Thesis (M.A.)--George Mason University, 2008.Vita: p. 72. Thesis director: Tim Gibson. Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Communication. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed July 18, 2008). Includes bibliographical references (p. 67-71). Also issued in print.
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Pellegrino, Juan M., und n/a. „Strategy, learning and knowledge in the internationalisation process : a comparative study of NZ incremental and early-internationalising SMEs“. University of Otago. Department of Marketing, 2009. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20090826.101221.
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Small and medium enterprises (SMEs), which represent around 95% or more of the total number of enterprises in many countries, are often considered critical for a country's economy because of their effects on economic output and their contribution to overall employment. However, as a result of globalisation and the deregulation of the New Zealand economy, SMEs in this country have been faced with the need to internationalise in order to grow because of increased domestic competition. Moreover, when they make their move to offshore markets they also face fierce competition. Hence, it is in this largely integrated and competitive global marketplace that it becomes critical for smaller firms to learn about international business to succeed. Therefore, this thesis aimed to understand and explain how internationalising NZ SMEs learn and develop knowledge throughout their internationalisation process.
To frame this problem an extensive review of the literature on internationalisation, organisational knowledge and organisational learning was conducted. This assessment revealed a gap related to the evolution of learning and knowledge in SMEs' internationalisation process. It also identified the incremental and born-global internationalisation types, two more common and distinctive internationalisation paths that SMEs follow. The literature described the several common forms of knowledge that played more or less critical roles in these firms' internationalisation. Furthermore, extant research also stated that experiential learning and other learning processes were important for the internationalisation of these firms but it did not delve into the development of these learning processes over time. Finally, the evaluation of the knowledge and learning literatures identified three most distinctive and important forms of knowledge that organisations develop as a result of several learning processes.
Anchored on the research problem and the specific research questions, derived from the literature review, and framed by a post-positivist worldview, this study developed a methodology that combined theory building, process-based research and case studies to address the problem. More specifically, the methodology involved the selection of and collection of historical, or retrospective, data from eight cases, four incremental and four early-internationalising firms. The data collected through interviews and document analysis was examined using different process analysis techniques.
This research has found that there were important differences in the incremental and early-internationalising firms' learning and knowledge during their creation. Furthermore, the early-internationalising firms identified and implemented an internationalisation strategy from the beginning. Thus, the knowledge about international markets and products acquired through congenital learning and their initial intention to offer their products offshore allowed the early-internationalising firms to expand internationally from their creation or soon after. In contrast, the incremental firms only decided to internationalise after they learned from their experience in their domestic market that they had a successful product that had international potential. Besides their initial internationalisation strategy, or lack of it, and knowledge, other factors, such as firm resources, product and industry characteristics and previous learning and knowledge, influenced these firms' subsequent internationalisation strategy, learning and knowledge.
Publication associated with this thesis: Pellegrino, J. (2005) Organisational Learning Processes in Internationalising Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprises: a Comparison between Traditional and Born-Global firms. Udevalla Symposium & McGill International Entrepreneurship Conference, Udevalla, Sweden, September 2005.
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Setiawan, Agus. „The evaluation of corporate governance practise in Indonesia a case study /“. Access electronically, 2007. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20080318.115111/index.html.
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Lan, Yi-Chen. „Management of information technology issues in enterprise globalisation /“. View thesis, 2003. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20031217.130842/index.html.
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Sutton-Brady, Mary Catherine Judith. „A study of atmosphere in international inter-firm relationships /“. View thesis View thesis, 2001. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030409.172408/index.html.
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Jiang, Fuming, und fuming jiang@anu edu au. „Foreign pharmaceutical firms' FDI entry strategies into China“. Swinburne University of Technology, 2001. http://adt.lib.swin.edu.au./public/adt-VSWT20050407.095122.
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Foreign direct investment (FDI) in China is popular these days and this also applies to
the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry. China seems to be a promising market for
pharmaceuticals with over 1.2 billion potential consumers. This huge number of people
together with the outstanding economic performance attracted multinational
pharmaceutical firms that were looking for a new market for their products. By the end
of 1998, China had established over 1,500 pharmaceutical enterprises with foreign
investment and 117 of which were invested by foreign pharmaceutical firms. Foreign
pharmaceutical firms invested their capital and technology in what is likely to be
developed as the world�s largest pharmaceutical market in the future with the
expectation they will earn an excellent return in the longer term.
When a firm decides to establish an overseas operation, it has to decide whether to
pursue the venture alone or with a joint venture partner (Bell, 1996). For most
manufacturers that want to invest abroad, the first-best entry strategy remains the sole
venture (SV), and joint venture (JV) would be a second-best invest entry strategy (Root,
1994), because JV is inferior to SV which allows investing firms to maximise the
returns on ownership-specific advantages (Caves, 1982) and to have full control over
the business operations. Foreign pharmaceutical firms who invested in China during the
period from 1980 to 1998 basically chose either a SV or JV entry mode, and over 84
percent of the foreign pharmaceutical firms chose a JV entry mode rather than a SV,
even though foreign investors have been allowed to set up 100 percent solely foreign
owned sole venture operations in China since the passage of �Law of the People�s
Republic of China on Foreign Capital Enterprises� at the Fourth Session of the Sixth
National People�s Congress on 12 April 1986. This research was designed to investigate
why the large majority of pharmaceutical firms preferred the second-best entry mode for
entering into the Chinese market.
This research has incorporated in Root (1994), Mockler and Dologite�s (1997)
conventional foreign market entry mode framework, and the relevance of Kumar and
Subramaniam�s (1997) contingency entry mode framework is acknowledged. Fieldwork was mainly conducted in China by personal interviews as well as mail questionnaire surveys over a period of three months in 1999 and 44 companies participated in total.
Using multiple indicators by means of logistic regression analysis to examine the effects
of groups of factors on entry mode decision choice between SV and JV options. Seven groups of factors (independent variables) were examined: China environmental factors, China market factors, China production factors, parent firm�s home country/region factors, parent firm�s product factors, parent firm�s resource commitment factors, and parent firm�s decision task related factors. This research has found that the probability for establishing joint ventures with Chinese partner (s) is significantly and positively related to the importance of China environmental factors and market factors. Parent firm�s decision task related factors had a positive impact on firms� decision to choose a SV entry mode. Bivariate analyses have also discovered a number of individual variables that had significant impacts on firms� entry mode choice decisions.
The research did not show sufficient evidence to support that China production factors,parent firm�s home country/region factors, parent firm�s product factors, and parent firm�s resource commitment factors had significant influences on foreign pharmaceutical firms� entry mode decisions, although the results showed expected directions of the relationships between the entry mode choice and independent
variables.
This research has contributed to the entry mode theory literature in the way of developing, as the result of the research in this thesis, an eclectic framework for better understanding of theories in choosing an entry mode between a sole venture and a joint venture in the context of foreign direct investment into the Chinese market, particularly it has discovered significant variables that affected the foreign pharmaceutical firms� FDI entry mode decisions into the Chinese pharmaceutical manufacturing industry during the period of 1980~1998. The framework can be used as a base by researchers to
develop further the theories of foreign market entry strategies and to test its relevance in
other industries or countries.
This research has also extended its examinations to some other important issues in relations to foreign direct investment in China. They are the difference between early and late entrants, and between eastern and western firms on FDI entry mode decisions, foreign pharmaceutical firms� FDI decision formulation, FDI implementation, FDI
performance evaluation, joint venture partner and operation location selections in China were also analysed and discussed in this thesis.
Further research with larger sample size into the interrelationships among strategic FDI decision formulation, entry mode choice,strategy implementation and evaluation would be worthwhile to help understand the entire process of strategic FDI planning and implementation.
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Strach, Pavel, und n/a. „Exploring relationships between parent companies and their subsidiaries : the case of Japanese mulitinationals“. University of Otago. Department of Management, Department of Marketing, 2007. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20080130.095953.
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Japanese-style management and Japanese companies have been popular targets of management studies since the 1970s. Many studies have been devoted to the examination of Japanese companies in Japan. By comparison, less understanding has been achieved about how Japanese companies conduct business in their international operations and how famous Japanese management has been transferred to Japanese subsidiaries. This thesis contributes to an ongoing academic debate about the internationalization processes within Japanese multinational companies.
The processes involved in interaction between the parent company and subsidiaries address the research question of how subsidiaries of Japanese multinational firms perceive the relationship with their parent companies. The parent-subsidiary relationship is conceptualized within the boundaries of communication and information exchange theory. The conceptual framework creates a tool for research inquiry into the parent-subsidiary relationship. The framework conceptualizes the relationship between facilitating factors and perceived parental influence. Access to the parent company, motivation to engage with the parent company, and ability to engage with the parent company are conceptualized as factors facilitating the parent-subsidiary relationship. National/country and organizational/industry characteristics are identified as attributes moderating the relationship. Information outflow, inflow, and intraflow are derived components of the parental influence.
The study presented here is exploratory with findings based on two sequential comparative research stages. The Czech Republic and New Zealand, although different in terms of national and country characteristics, are argued as a suitable comparable base for conducting research within subsidiaries ofJapanese firms. In stage one, 18 Czech and 17 New Zealand subsidiaries of Japanese companies participated in a questionnaire survey. In stage two, 26 semi-structured interviews were conducted for case studies within Czech and New Zealand subsidiaries of six Japanese parent companies. The case studies provided further insights into the subsidiary-parent relationship.
This research seeks contribution to the internationalization literature by offering a new useful framework for the examination of the parent-subsidiary link. The self-identity of Japanese subsidiaries was found to give meaning to the parental relationship as perceived by the subsidiary. This relationship was influenced by the subsidiary�s country location, the industry in which the subsidiary operates, and the presence of expatriate management in the subsidiary. This research also found significant commonalities among the perceptions of parental influence in all Japanese subsidiaries involved in the study. The observed commonalities indicate that Japanese companies might have moved away from the internationalization processes ascribed to them by previous academic research. The change triggered by collapse of stock markets in mid-1990s has resulted to a recent reduction of expatriate staff reported little parental guidance, independence, and the strong self-identification of subsidiaries with their local environment.
Keywords Internationalization, Japanese Multinational Company, Subsidiary, Czech Republic, New Zealand, Information, Parent-Subsidiary Relationship
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Abdel-Qader, Waleed. „An evaluation of the International Auditing Standards and their application to the audit of listed corporations in Jordan /“. View thesis, 2002. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030718.114033/index.html.
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Thesis (PhD) -- University of Western Sydney, 2001."This thesis is submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, School of Accounting, University of Western Sydney" Includes bibliographical references.
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Saieg, Páez Tomás Osvaldo. „The development of three new infrastructure sectors in a hierarchical market economy“. Thesis, University of Sussex, 2017. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/68757/.
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To make the most of emergent techno-economic innovations, countries around the world must constantly upgrade their physical infrastructure and infrastructure systems – more than ever now that the world is facing growing environmental constraints. Public policies that foster the transformation of established infrastructure sectors, and encourage the development of new ones, can help to speed up and direct these structural changes. But to be effective, these policies must take into account how the process of development of new sectors varies among different infrastructure sectors, how it varies with respect to other kinds of sector, and how it varies in different institutional contexts. In this work, I show how three new infrastructure sectors developed in Chile, a ‘Hierarchical Market Economy' characterised by the dominance of diversified business groups and subsidiaries of multinational enterprises, a segmented labour market, and a low-skills equilibrium. These three sectors are the ones that first started to build wind farms, solar PV systems, and anaerobic digesters in the country, and in the study I characterize three aspects of their development process: a) the economic changes that turned these new (to the country) kinds of infrastructure facilities into attractive entrepreneurial opportunities; b) the economic agents that discovered these opportunities and developed them into viable investment projects, and those that sponsored and procured finance to build these projects; and c) the means by which these economic agents became capable of undertaking the relatively novel activities that their entrepreneurial initiative demanded. The resulting rich description of new sectoral development processes in Hierarchical Market Economies helps to understand what makes these processes vary inter-sectorally, cross-sectorally, and cross-nationally.
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Jayaraman, V. „A quantitative model for measuring technology transfer potentials at the industrial level : an application towards establishing technology cooperation /“. View thesis, 1998. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030820.114305/index.html.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBücher zum Thema "International business enterprises – Public opinion"
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Jigyōdan, Koyō Sokushin. Chiiki reberu de kokusaika ga shintenshite iru naka de no kaigai shinshutsushita Nihon kigyō no genchi koyōsha no ishiki kōzō no henka to sono kigyō no chiiki teichaku ni kansuru chōsa kenkyū. [Tokyo]: Koyō Sokushin Jigyōdan, 1992.
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Zhadanovskai︠a︡, Tatʹi︠a︡na. II Mezhdunarodnai︠a︡ konferent︠s︡ii︠a︡ Korporativnye muzei segodni︠a︡: K 70-letii︠u︡ atomnoĭ otrasli = II International conference Cosporative museums today. Moskva: Boslen, 2015.
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Klein, Naomi. No space, no choice, no jobs, no logo: Taking aim at the brand bullies. Toronto: Vintage Canada, 2009.
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Klein, Naomi. No logo: Taking aim at the brand bullies. Toronto: Knopf Canada, 2000.
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Klein, Naomi. No space, no choice, no jobs, no logo. New York: Picador USA, 2002.
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Klein, Naomi. No logo: No space, no choice, no jobs : taking aim at the brand bullies. London: Flamingo, 2000.
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Klein, Naomi. No logo: Taking aim at the brand bullies. Toronto, Ont: Knopf, 2000.
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Klein, Naomi. No space, no choice, no jobs, no logo: Taking aim at the brand bullies. New York, USA: Picador USA, 2000.
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Klein, Naomi. No space, no choice, no jobs, no logo: Taking aim at the brand bullies. Toronto: Vintage Canada, 2000.
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Klein, Naomi. No space, no choice, no jobs, no logo: Taking aim at the brand bullies. New York: Picador USA, 2000.
Den vollen Inhalt der Quelle findenBuchteile zum Thema "International business enterprises – Public opinion"
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Rugman, Alan M., und Alain Verbeke. „Multinational Enterprises and Public Policy“. In International Business, 21–43. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230596740_2.
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Yang, Xinyue, Qi Liu und Tingyin Sheng. „Analysis of Business Strategies of Vulnerable Automobile Enterprises under Market Competition“. In Proceedings of the 2023 2nd International Conference on Public Service, Economic Management and Sustainable Development (PESD 2023), 187–200. Dordrecht: Atlantis Press International BV, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-344-3_24.
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Meira, Deolinda, und Maria Elisabete Ramos. „Social Enterprises and Benefit Corporations in Portugal“. In The International Handbook of Social Enterprise Law, 739–58. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14216-1_36.
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AbstractThe Portuguese legal system does not provide for the general regime of social enterprises. The legal notion offered by the Public Procurement Code has a sectoral scope, and the Basic Law on Social Economy is ambiguous as to the relationship between social enterprises and social economy. Benefit corporations have no legislative provision in the Portuguese legal order. However, “company” types are endowed with some flexibility. This allows shareholders to adapt the statutes to their business projects within the law’s limits through statutory clauses. Statutory clauses can incorporate the interests of the general community, workers and other stakeholders, translated, for example, into dividend distribution policies or environmentally sustainable practices, gender equality policies or the promotion of social responsibility measures.Although not expressly stated in Portuguese law, the current state of legal doctrine allows us to argue that social enterprises in Portugal are included in the perimeter of social economy entities.The areas of impact measured by B certification seem to be inspired by the experience concerning cooperatives, which combine social and economic aspects. Cooperatives, however, go beyond B-Corp entities. B certification, granted by private entity B-Lab, is not a new legal regime but only a label that distinguishes companies. Some Portuguese companies are B-Lab certified companies.
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Henriques, Carla, und Clara Viseu. „Evaluating the Reasons Behind the Inefficient Implementation of ERDF Devoted to R&I in SMEs“. In Springer Proceedings in Political Science and International Relations, 3–27. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18161-0_1.
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AbstractThis work is mainly aimed at evaluating the reasons behind the inefficient execution of Operational Programs (OPs) aimed at promoting research and innovation (R&I), especially in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). To achieve this goal, we employed a three-stage slack-based measure (SBM) data envelopment analysis (DEA) model combined with Stochastic Frontier analysis (SFA), which includes a multiplicity of achievement metrics and environmental factors, to evaluate 53 OPs from 19 countries. Our findings suggest that more developed regions (proxied by a higher Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita) do not make an efficient application of European Regional Development Funds (ERDF) aimed at fostering R&I in SMEs. Also, a greater proportion of the population with a university degree does not imply an appropriate use of ERDF devoted to R&I in SMEs. Lifelong learning is positively linked with the performance of the outcomes “Researchers Working in Improved Infrastructures” and “Enterprises Supported”. Research and development (R&D) expenditures in the public sector contribute favorably to the needed improvements in “Researchers Working in Improved Infrastructures” but have the reverse effect on the number of “Enterprises Supported” and “Enterprises Working with Research Institutions”. Furthermore, because R&D expenditures in the business sector have a positive impact on the necessary development of “Enterprises Working with Research Institutions”, these results appear to demonstrate that public R&D has a weaker influence on SME innovation than private R&D. Finally, innovative SMEs collaborating with other sources of knowledge show a positive effect on both the number of “Enterprises” and “Enterprises Working with Research Institutions” supported.
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Head, Brian W. „Managing Environmental and Sustainability Challenges“. In Wicked Problems in Public Policy, 83–106. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94580-0_5.
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AbstractWicked problems and robust debates abound in environmental policy at local, national and global levels. Over several decades, governments have responded with policies to mitigate industrial pollution, slow the rapid depletion of scarce natural resources and protect biodiversity and ecological systems. The precautionary principle has been invoked to seek thorough assessment of environmental risks before approving economic development projects and technological innovations that might damage ecological assets and human health. Scientific researchers and community groups have lobbied for strong measures to protect biodiversity and promote resilient eco-systems. Resistance to reform has generally been led by conservative parties, corporate media networks and large business firms in traditional industry sectors. Policies for environmental protection have been developed by most national governments, in conjunction with international agreements that encourage collective action. The toolkit of policy instruments has expanded, including regulatory standards and market-based incentives. The role of scientific expertise in providing policy advice on environmental issues has been vital, but controversial. The chapter explores how science interacts with other sources of knowledge and opinion among practitioners and stakeholders. Climate change policy is analysed as an example of interconnected wicked problems, along with brief references to other environmental issues.
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Peter, Henry, Carlos Vargas Vasserot und Jaime Alcalde Silva. „Introduction“. In The International Handbook of Social Enterprise Law, 1–5. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14216-1_1.
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AbstractOver the last two decades, entrepreneurs’ activities and business approaches have evolved considerably. Since the 2008 crisis, and even more so due to the awareness and expectations derived from adopting the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in 2015, entrepreneurship has shifted toward more social, environmental, and (good) corporate governance. Many researchers have suggested that laws should be adapted for this new paradigm. The objective is to go beyond the corporate social responsibility practices that a particular company can or has to adopt as a unilateral and external commitment. Therefore, company law has been amended to create new forms or statuses for social enterprises. However, this (r)evolution is far from complete. Different initiatives, including legal reforms in fields other than company law (e.g., public procurement law or competition law), and the commitment from the business community itself, are spreading these ideas as part of the new theory of the firm reflecting companies’ new role in society. The reception of the United Nations’ SDGs foretells that we are facing a paradigm shift in the expectations of companies to obtain a social license to operate. It also exceeds the legal sphere and poses important economic challenges.
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Zhang, Xiaobo. „Cluster-Based Agricultural Development: A Comparison Between China and Africa“. In Emerging-Economy State and International Policy Studies, 317–28. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5542-6_23.
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AbstractClusters for high-value crops are ubiquitous in China and in African countries. Drawing from three case studies (potato cluster in China, medicinal and aromatic cluster in Egypt, and dates cluster in Tunisia), this chapter discusses the major challenges facing cluster development and the roles of different agents (e.g., entrepreneurs, business associations, and local governments). Cluster development involves supply-side or demand-side bottlenecks along the way, which are beyond the capacity of individual enterprises. Whether a cluster can develop to the next stage depends crucially upon whether the bottlenecks can be resolved. Because the bottlenecks are context- and temporal-specific, it would be impossible for a planner or outsider donor to prescribe a one-size-fits-all intervention to overcome all the binding constraints. Instead, local elites, such as business leaders and local officials, can play a greater role in identifying the emerging bottlenecks and figuring out indigenous solutions. In China, because local governments have an embedded interest in promoting local economic development, they are keen to provide local public goods or initiate joint actions to address the successive binding constraints and facilitate cluster development. By comparison, the role of the local government is more muted in Africa, limiting the growth potential of agricultural clusters.
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Tudor, Maria Cristiana, Ursa Bernardic, Nina M. Sooter und Giuseppe Ugazio. „Behavioral Perspectives on B Corps“. In The International Handbook of Social Enterprise Law, 233–79. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14216-1_12.
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AbstractThe values driving entrepreneurs are evolving from shareholder wealth maximization towards a more holistic approach wherein business impacts on all stakeholders are considered. This change has been driven in part by a societal cultural shift focused on promoting a sustainable future. To meet this cultural change demanding a balance of profit and ethics, novel entities (e.g., B Corps) have emerged in the private sector. In this chapter, we engage with behavioral perspectives to explore B Corps’ achievements, opportunities, and challenges. We first outline the transition from shareholder to stakeholder considerations, as we believe it constitutes the philosophical ethos of social enterprises. We then focus in turn on four of the five areas used by B Lab’s Impact Assessment—governance, workers, customers and consumers, and community—as they are most appropriate for an exploratory analysis of their interaction with human behavior. Specifically, in governance, we approach the topic of corporate ethics and transparency, as well as how the values of social entrepreneurs shape a firm’s culture. We then outline the relationship between purposeful work and employee performance and examine how B Corps have applied effective practices on social inclusion and employee well-being, in the workers’ section. Concerning customers and consumers, we explore a range of perspectives, including consumer motivations to purchase from B Corps, caveats of ethical consumerism, and how B Corps can capitalize on decision-making research to inspire consumer change. Additionally, we present our research on public awareness and perceptions of B Corp trustworthiness and greenwashing. Finally, the last section—community—highlights B Corps’ civic engagement and communication with their communities through social media, corporate volunteering, and charity work, among others.
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Shanahan, Suzanne, und Sanjeev Khagram. „Dynamics of Corporate Responsibility“. In Globalization and Organization, 196–224. Oxford University PressOxford, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199284535.003.0009.
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Abstract State retrenchment and scandals of corporate governance are just two of the more recent concerns that have fueled an almost thirty-year international debate over business-society relations. Is profit maximization the sole obligation of business or should private enterprise play a broader role in society? Should business be expected to more directly address pressing economic, social, and environmental issues? By 2000, public opinion, at least, was becoming increasingly dear: two in three individuals surveyed across twenty-three countries and six continents expected companies to play a significant part in the collective pursuit of societal goals (Environics 2000).
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Rugman, Alan M., und Alain Verbeke. „Multinational Enterprises and Public Policy“. In Oxford Handbook of International Business, 818–42. Oxford University Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/0199241821.003.0028.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKonferenzberichte zum Thema "International business enterprises – Public opinion"
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DAI, JUN-PING, und LING-FANG WU. „ANALYSIS ON THE RISKS OF CHINA'S DIRECT INVESTMENT IN AFRICA AND THE COUNTERMEASURES“. In 2021 International Conference on Management, Economics, Business and Information Technology. Destech Publications, Inc., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/dtem/mebit2021/35614.
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Since the establishment of Forum on China-Africa Cooperation, China's Direct investment in Africa has the characteristics as follows: rapid development of investment scale, enriched investment fields and diversified investors. While the investment proportion in Africa of total China’s OFDI is still small and the investment mainly concentrates on certain Africa countries. Most importantly, in the process of China’s investment in Africa, investment risks are rising, many investment projects have suffered setbacks or failures. Chinese enterprises face with political risk, corruption risk, environmental risk and public opinion risk in process of direct investment in Africa. Therefore, enterprises should improve the ability to control and prevent the risk, investment strategy should be optimized according to local conditions, as well as fulfill the environmental responsibility and enhance the voice in Africa to improve the international image.
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Zeneli, Mimoza, und Almarin Frakulli. „Small and Medium-Sized Businesses in Albania Prefer Progressive Tax or Flat Tax“. In 9th International Scientific Conference ERAZ - Knowledge Based Sustainable Development. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eraz.2023.37.
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A progressive and flat tax system is widely debated not only in public finance but usually as a political issue in Albania. A progressive tax has been applied in Albania in recent years. Many researchers in Albania have studied the effect of the flat and progressive tax on public finances, but what we will bring in this paper is the point of view with which small and medium businesses in Albania consider the effect of the tax on the income of their companies. Based on the results of the survey of Structural Statistics, for the year 2021, 99.8% of active enterprises are SMEs. This important fact intrigued us to study the effect of taxes on SME income as well as their opinion on each tax. In order to see the effect of the tax system, the analysis of the data collected from 200 SMEs (through questionnaires) for the main indicators such as progressive taxation, and simplified tax on small business was carried out. The descriptive analysis of the data collected as well as the confidence interval estimation for the VAT rate preferred, are going to generate some conclusions and recommendations for policymakers.
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Golubeva, Tatyana, Lyudmila Tropina und Arina Nifontova. „On Identifying Customer Needs when Selecting Service Enterprise Optimisation Techniques“. In The Public/Private in Modern Civilization, the 22nd Russian Scientific-Practical Conference (with international participation) (Yekaterinburg, April 16-17, 2020). Liberal Arts University – University for Humanities, Yekaterinburg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35853/ufh-public/private-2020-56.
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The article covers the controversial issue on embracing the client-focused approach with regards to implementing optimisation procedures. The stages highlighted by business consultants are demonstrated and attention is drawn to the lack of a stage for identifying client attitudes towards optimisation measures. The opinion of business consultants is presented: upon the fulfillment of non-standard orders, the profitability of the business decreases. There is a contradiction between the need to optimise business operations to increase profits and the mission of the service enterprise; to satisfy the needs of the target customer group. In order to resolve the contradiction, it is proposed to introduce a customer needs identification phase into the optimisation process to inform the choice of optimisation techniques. The example of a catering company in Ekaterinburg shows the feasibility of selecting optimisation techniques based on an analysis of the reasons why customers refuse services. The following optimisation techniques were chosen: service format modification (the study was run prior to the pandemic outbreak), the optimisation of service assortment and personnel activities. As a result, new varieties of the catering service for the company were selected; menu options for different price ranges and target purposes were proposed; the introduction of additional services was justified. In optimising staff activities, it was decided to abandon hourly pay by linking it to the number of customers served, the complexity of the menu items, master classes, work at an offsite/stationary event, and the number of staff per shift. A new position has been added to the staffing table, allowing the company’s core staff to focus on the quality of their duties. The example illustrates the resolution of the contradiction between the optimisation goal of increasing profits and the principle of customer focus.
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Kamalova, Anara. „The Role and Importance of Social Marketing in the Economy“. In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c05.01161.
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Today one of the most important problems of the Kyrgyz economy is the involvement of business to the social issues of society and social marketing. The main goal of social marketing is to raise the company's image, because it can promote a brand by solving social problems. Also compliance with the principles of social marketing in activity provides the conditions for the creation of a positive image of a company, political party or a public figure. Despite the fact that global social marketing is growing rapidly, unfortunately, in Kyrgyzstan, it has not yet received adequate development and only some businesses take responsibility for the performance of these functions and occasionally solve social issues. Analyzing the social marketing technologies in Kyrgyzstan, it should be noted that, their use is very unpopular. This is due to the lack of effective support from the government. In our opinion, it is necessary to provide tax breaks for companies that address social issues as well as provide moral and legal support to these enterprises.
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Chen, Xinran. „Research on Public Opinion Forecast of Public Policy Based on Big Data Media“. In 2021 5th Annual International Conference on Data Science and Business Analytics (ICDSBA). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icdsba53075.2021.00030.
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Run-xi, Zeng, und Wang Guo-hua. „A Study on Manage Mechanism of College Internet Public Opinion“. In 2010 International Conference on E-Business and E-Government (ICEE). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icee.2010.162.
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Du, Jin, Yanhui Du und Yu Chen. „A Petri Method In The Management Of Public Opinion Information“. In 2013 International Conference on Information, Business and Education Technology (ICIBET-2013). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icibet.2013.196.
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Wan, Yuan, und Hengqing Tong. „Categorization and Monitoring of Internet Public Opinion Based on Latent Semantic Analysis“. In 2008 International Seminar on Business and Information Management (ISBIM). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isbim.2008.98.
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Alamsyah, Andry, Wachda Yuniar Rochmah und Ditya Dwi Adhi Nugroho. „Understanding Public Opinion towards New Sharing Economy Business Model Using Content Analysis“. In 2019 International Conference on Information Management and Technology (ICIMTech). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icimtech.2019.8843779.
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Marković, Filip, und Snežana Urošević. „Analysis of business processes in railways and public enterprises of Serbia“. In XIX International May Conference on Strategic Management – IMCSM24 Proceedings. University of Belgrade, Technical Faculty in Bor, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/imcsm24063m.
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Managing an organization of any kind and achieving its goals, especially in terms of increasing effectiveness, efficiency and realization of set goals and strategies, requires a thorough understanding of its internal functioning and structure. It is crucial to understand that the organization's activities are realized through a series of connected and goal-oriented business processes. Through the review of the conceptual definition of business processes and the consideration of models for their analysis, the specifics of the application of these processes in the context of the railway and the public sector in the Republic of Serbia are explored. The current context of research in the field of business processes in Serbia is analyzed, with a focus on the characteristics of the railway and public sectors.
Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "International business enterprises – Public opinion"
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Shapira, Philip, Jan Youtie, Debbie Cox, Elvira Uyarra, Abullah Gök, Juan Rogers und Chris Downing. Institutions for Technology Diffusion. Inter-American Development Bank, Juni 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0009253.
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This technical note analyzes international experiences and practices of public technology extension service programs. Technology extension services comprise varied forms of assistance provided directly to enterprises to foster technological modernization and improvement, with a focus on established small and mid-sized enterprises. The note discusses the definitions, rationales, and characteristics of selected technology extension service programs, drawing on examples from Europe, North America, and other regions. It presents four detailed case studies: the U.S. Manufacturing Extension Partnership; the National Research Council-Industrial Research Assistance Program in Canada; England's Manufacturing Advisory Service; and Tecnalia, an applied technology organization in Spain. The case studies address several program elements including the history and evolution of the program, structure, program scale, financing structure, services and clients, governance, personnel, monitoring, and evaluation. The analysis highlights common and distinctive characteristics as well as program strengths, weaknesses, and key practices. The note provides a framework for positioning technology extension services within the broader mix of policies for technology transfer, business upgrading, and innovation, and offers conclusions and insights to support efforts to strengthen technology extension services in Latin America.
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Vaskivskyj, Yurij. Branding in journalism: prospects for operation. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Februar 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2022.51.11395.
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The article analyzes the branding process in the context of the development of individual units of journalism. After all, in the current conditions of competition in the Ukrainian information space, it is important to apply and master new technologies for the development and promotion of media resources in the media market. The history of branding is presented and it is noted that branding is the key to the success of each media brand in using the necessary tools and technologies, which involves the branding process. It is necessary to know and understand not only the basic laws of branding, but also its possibilities as the main tool of Internet marketing and offline or digital marketing. It is emphasized that the personal brand should be considered as a tool that builds a reputation and a positive image in the information space, as well as allows you to get a variety of resources only using professional skills and knowledge. It is important not only to form your own audience, but also to meet its needs. The GORDON online publication is analyzed, because this media resource is a consequence of the influence of personal brand on the audience and rapid development in the context of promoting a particular media resource, and the main ideologue and co-founder of this publication is an example of how personal brand can affect audiences. and promote the development of a specific business project. It is noted that the reputation of Dmitry Gordon and his odious figure became the basis for the success of this online publication, and attitudes toward him may be different and often ambiguous, but his person is known to everyone in the post-Soviet space. Modern information space needs scandalous and odious personalities, because they are able to arrange a show, give people emotions. The author points out that branding is an extremely promising technology not only in the context of promoting and promoting a particular media resource or personal brand, but also promotes the comprehensive development of journalists as public opinion experts and potential speakers at international conferences not only in journalism, but also internet marketing.