Dissertationen zum Thema „Intermédiaire culturel“
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Viot-Murcia, Claude. „Enrique Gomez Carrillo, intermédiaire culturel entre la France, l'Espagne et l'Amérique espagnole, 1873-1927“. Paris 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA030188.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleEnrique gomez carrillo, who was born in guatemala in 1873 and died in paris - where he had been living since the age of nineteen - in 1927, was throughout his life an extremely important cultural go-between. His extrovert personality facilitated social contacts while his inveterate wanderlust enabled him to discover new worlds and to engage in new ac- tivities. Bewitched by the mirage of the city of light he was to spend his who- le life extolling fin-de-siecle paris and the symbolist literary move- ment which was set in it. His polymorphous professional life (journa- list, gossip-writer, translator, director of magazine, novelist) is e- choed by the thematic eclectism of his work and he gives a picture of life in paris - filtered through his own esthetic and ideological op- tions - which is multifarious and multiform. He remained, however, a prisoner of his adolescent dream, building up a mythical paris as he created a mythical image of the east. His rhetoric, respecting both its function of transmitting informa- tion and his personal, mythical and poetical vision of the world, cons- tantly oscillates between poetry and persuasion, a movement which is repeatedly resolved by fiction-making. The semantic structure of his speech reveals a dichotomous thought pattern. In fact, gomez carrillo's ideas, like his writings, seem to be rooted in myth and thus belong to the bourgeois mentality. Gomez carrillo's intellectual immobility is fully borne out by a comparison between his text and the context. His works were widely circulated during his lifetime when he was con- sidered as one of the most important representatives of spanish-american modernism. The neglect he has suffered since should not obscure the e- normous task of information and explanation that gomez carrillo, a me- diator between cultures, accomplished
Long, Yun. „Un jésuite à la croisée de deux cultures : le rôle du père Joseph-Marie Amiot (1718-1793) comme intermédiaire culturel entre la Chine et la France“. Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040068.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe aim of this dissertation is to determine the role played by Joseph-Marie Amiot (1718-1793), a representative 18th century Jesuit in China, in cultural relations between China and the West. Its methodological basis is translation studies and imagology. It examines the historical context, Amiot’s translations and his correspondence with Western scholars. It examines Amiot’s complicated cultural identity, in order to understand the influence of the Jesuit tradition on his thinking and the transformation of his cultural identity through constant contact with another tradition and to trace the impact of his complex cultural identity on his work, and thus to draw out the meaning of the picture he painted of China
Galons, Jean-Philippe. „Applications de la spectroscopie de résonance magnétique nucléaire en cancérologie : étude du métabolisme énergétique et intermédiaire d'un adénocarcinome colique humain en culturel“. Aix-Marseille 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987AIX11111.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDominguez, Tristan. „Les multiplexes et leurs publics - stratégies des opérateurs et pratiques spectatorielles dans l'exploitation cinématographique française de 1993 à 2022“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 3, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023PA030074.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn the 1990s multiplexes rise in France, this cinematographic establishments distinguished by their size, their large number of screens, and their additional services. Since 2000’s, they multiply throughout the territory and concentrate more than the half of the attendance. In the face of this change, the other cinema theatres must reposition themselves and invest in restructuring or positioning. These transformations alter film output as a cultural practice, the expectations of a theatre and the relationship established with the audience. The objective of this PhD work is to understand how a device participates in building audiences, paying attention to the types of film appreciation it encourages and to the proposals in terms of services and equipment. The multiplexes seem to encourage and adapt to several types of audiences, both for the casual looking for the spectacular look in a premium room and for the regulars coming to find a wide choice at flexible schedules. These analyses make it possible to provide elements of understanding relating to changes in the consumption register (like eclecticism), the success of certain types of films, like superheroes or French comedies or adaptation to temporalities given by the distribution and logic of blockbusters. Ultimately, this thesis attempts to grasp the dynamics linking supply and demand in a cultural sector questioning the role of intermediaries. It is based on databases, a year-long ethnographic work within a multiplex, interviews, archive work and observations
Poulain, Jean Luc. „Penser l’entreprise et ses dirigeants : l’Entreprise familiale de Taille Intermédiaire (E.T.I.) : outil de pérennisation de l’emploi, et facteur de développement territorial (économique, social et culturel) : étude anthropo-sociologique des identités professionnelles et territoriales en Bretagne“. Thesis, Rennes 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REN20068.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOur research is devoted mainly to family-owned medium-sized enterprises (MSEs) in Brittany. Working from the perspective of the sociology of professions, we met several heads of companies with between 250 and 5,000 employees. In doing so, we observed how this so-called “enterprise” concept, similar to that of “Mittelstands” in Germany, offers a better understanding of the key factors of success, based notably on human capital, innovation, and international growth beingabsolute priorities, with the business also retaining strong local roots. We interviewed company heads in the historical territory of Brittany, taken as a “social laboratory”, to acquire a better grasp of the sociological profile of family business leaders working in the following sectors: the food industry; food services; health; real estate; textiles; footwear; and transport. Taking as a starting-point various social, economic, and sociological issues affecting the world of work and employment, we also sought to shed light on global competition, in particular in the field of labour: this thesis aims to provide insights into a certain number of transformations, bearing in mind the assertion by a great many occupational sociologists that “unemployment is the root cause of social exclusion”
Marquet, Julie. „Droit, coutumes et justice coloniale : les affaires de caste dans les établissements français de l'Inde, 1816-1870“. Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCC078.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn the course of the 19th century, the government of the French settlements of India promises to respect the habits and customs of the Indian people. It also commits to judge the inhabitants of these settlements according to these customs and habits. It consequently creates a legal category to designate the customary conflicts judged by the colonial justice: the “caste affairs”. This study of caste affairs contributes to the recent developments in imperial and colonial history on the formation of the law. It resonates with the current works that question the idea of colonial law being imposed in a top-down fashion following a rational logic and that show that, on the contrary, colonial law results from arrangements with precolonial legal forms and local possibilities. The thesis specifically studies the process that shapes the legal system regarding castes. The legal system, understood as all the legal rules, the institutions in charge of enforcing them, and the use of these institutions, is analysed in its relationship with social demands. Furthermore, this localised analysis of the colonial situation, shed new lights on the Indian society of the south of the sub-continent. It contributes to the debates on the constitution of castes as a social unit and administrative category in the colonial period. The legal system is analysed from different perspectives. First, the focus is put on the colonial frameworks governing the caste affairs and on the ways in which the sovereignty of the colonial government is articulated. Second, the study gives attention to the different actors involved in the resolution of these conflicts, which participates to the shaping of these frameworks. To finish with, the study focuses on the forms and stakes of disputes in order to understand the role of the litigants in the production of social and legal norms
Lee, Kil-Ho. „Les "revues intellectuelles". La construction sociale d'un espace intermédiaire“. Paris 10, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA100139.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe « intellectual reviews » could not be defined with common criteria, accepted by all. They are the issue of struggles for various social agents who claim to play a specific role in the very existence of this form of publication. All these agents are not homogeneous in nature and volume of capital they hold, but they share the same belief in that these « intellectual reviews » play an important role in the evolution of intellectual production, role considered as irreducible in the sphere of cultural activities that other forms of publication can’t replace. Thus, in this perspective that sees the « intellectual reviews » as a space of belief, the central axis of this research is how and in which context such belief shapes the construction of a raison d’être. By crossing the field surveys, this research emphasises on the involved agents’ strategies – ways of justification, expressions of this belief –, and on their intellectual and social conditions. It aims at highlighting the logic, inherent in the space of « intellectual reviews », and its effects on the intellectual field
Joanny, Julien. „Entre inscription et subversion, les lieux culturels intermédiaires : des expériences au creux des villes“. Thesis, Grenoble, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GRENH033.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis interrogates the realities of the cultural intermediate places. These, also called art's new territories, cultural wastelands or alternative spaces, appear hardly apprehensible. The investigation unfolded within fifteen places in France reveals the diversity in terms of statutes, buildings size or ways of operating. However, the assumption is that beyond singularities, a common space emerges, actualizing itself in a geographical level. This common space highlights symbolic elements. The starting point of the question boils down to one word: place, specified by the notion of experience. Indeed, by questioning the experiential dimension, we can capture the different significant lines that cross the places. These are formed through a double dynamic defined by the tension between inclusion and subversion. The place's experience links the involved individuals in a collective approach which is both chaotic and formalized. The collective layout and the experience conditions are the framework of the development of arts to do, tactics, of a DIY practice defining the place as an institution in motion. Between pragmatism and experimentation, the cultural intermediate place shows a kind of otherness in the territory. The original desire of place is actually a desire of city and culture. By the links with the inhabitants, the territory includes the place. This one becomes a cultural resource. Yet, in the same movement, the territory is subverted, the ways of doing and thinking about culture are challenged and disorder is brought into city. Thus, these places appear as interstices that open political issues, from individual level (emancipation) to territorial level (local democracy)
Morissette, Julien. „Producteurs et publics : le travail des intermédiaires culturels dans les émissions musicales et culturelles à la télévision québécoise“. Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/34103.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRontein, Denis. „Métabolisme intermédiaire dans des cellules végétales : de l'expression des gènes de la phosphoénolpyruvate carboxylase à la régulation de son flux“. Bordeaux 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR28811.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePique, Gaétan. „Apport de la télédétection pour la simulation spatialisée des composantes du bilan carbone des cultures et des effets d'atténuation biogéochimiques et biogéophysiques des cultures intermédiaires“. Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021TOU30038.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleClimate change and the demographic growth of the world's population are leading the agricultural world to adapt to meet these two major challenges. While agricultural land, which represents nearly one third of the world's land area, contributes significantly to global greenhouse gas emissions, it also offers the possibility of implementing climate change mitigation levers. In this context, the aim of this thesis is to increase our knowledge of the functioning of agricultural areas, to provide tools for assessing the contribution of cultivated surfaces to climate change, and to quantify the biogeochemical (C storage) and biogeophysical (albedo effect) effects of climate change mitigation through the implementation of cover crops. To meet these objectives, two modeling approaches were developed during this work. The first part of this thesis focused on the development of a spatialized modeling approach, allowing to provide estimates of production (biomass and yields), CO2 and water fluxes, these variables being used to quantify the carbon and water budgets for cropland. To this end, the SAFYE-CO2 agro-meteorological model assimilating satellite products of vegetation index at high spatial and temporal resolutions was developed and applied to different crops (wheat, maize and sunflower) and intercrop vegetation (spontaneous regrowth, weeds, cover crops). This approach has been validated on a network of plots in southwestern France, taking advantage of a large number of satellite images and validation data on the Regional Spatial Observatory area. In particular, it has allowed to accurately estimate wheat, sunflower and corn production, as well as CO2 and water fluxes on wheat and sunflower crops. Vegetation, which can develop on the plots during intercropping periods, was also considered in order to improve the estimation of CO2 and water fluxes. In particular, this made it possible to quantify the impact of intermediate crops on the C balance components of plots allocated to field crops in the study area. The second part of the project aimed at developing a model for the introduction of cover crops at a European scale, in order to estimate the radiative forcing induced by the modification of the surface albedo generated by this practice. Thanks to medium resolution albedo products (1/20°), developed by the CNRM (and in collaboration with this laboratory), this modelling approach allowed to provide estimates of the albedo effect related to cover crops. Several introduction scenarios were simulated to account for the impact of certain factors, such as snow or rain. They have allowed us to highlight the potential negative impact of soil darkening, induced in the long term (via the enrichment of soil organic matter) by cover crops on the radiative forcing of cultivated areas. Finally, as any change in agricultural practice induces biogeochemical and biogeophysical effects on climate, an analysis of these coupled effects was conducted using these two modelling approaches. We conclude that once intercropping is implemented, the soil should be permanently covered so that the soil darkening effect does not cause the other climatic benefits of this agricultural practice to be lost
Motisi, Natacha. „Réguler les maladies d’origine tellurique par une culture intermédiaire de Brassicacées : mécanismes d’action et conditions d’expression dans une rotation betterave-blé“. Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NSARA065.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBiofumigation, a technique aiming at controlling soil-borne plant pathogens, relies on the toxicity of crop residues (notably Brassicaceous crop residues that release isothiocyanates). The insertion of a biofumigant cover crop during the intercrop period is considered to be a contribution to possible alternatives of the use of pesticides. However, field studies have hypothesized that the factors responsible for the variable efficiency of biofumigation at the field scale. We hypothesized that the factors responsible for the variable efficiency of biofumigation at the field scale. We the biofumigant crop scale (during the period of biofumigant crop scale (during the period of biofumigant crop growth and the period when crop ecological and epidemiolocal characteristics (survival of primary inoculum and transmission of primary and secondary infections). Within this framework, the general objective of this thesis is to phases of crop management (residue incorporation and/or crop growth) on the different components of the epidemic (primary inoculum and apparent transmission rate of the epidemic) of Rhizoctonia solani on sugar beet, and to investigate the possible factors responsible for the variable efficacy of a biofumigant crop at the field scale to infer the effectiveness of biofumigation efficacy
Bensouna, Ilham. „Pratiques et matérialité dans la formation de l'identité organisationnelle : le cas d'un intermédiaire de l'innovation“. Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE3030.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWhat difference do we make between Leroy Merlin, Castorama or Bricorama? These organizations are distinguished by a set of attributes that shape their uniqueness, their identity. This research proposes to better understand how organizational identity is formed. The identity question is addressed by taking a strategy as a practice lens and is grounded in organizational identity theory. In order to answer the research question, the thesis is interested in the role of the stakeholders, practices and materiality on the organizational identity formation process. The originality of this work lies in the study of identity formation from inception of an innovative intermediary in the construction sector. The research is based on a unique longitudinal case with an ethnographic dimension. It includes a survey of the perception of external stakeholders about the organization’s identity.The results highlight the preponderant role of founders but also of employees in identity formation. The case of an innovation intermediary reveals a strategy to form organizational identity: organizational identity play. It corresponds to the exploration of several possible futures. In addition, three practices for "forming, repairing, maintaining, strengthening, or revising" identity are highlighted. Finally, the results highlight the effects of the absence of an artifact (a physical platform) that contributes to exacerbate conflict over identity among members
Tribouillois, Hélène. „Caractérisation fonctionnelle d'espèces utilisées en cultures intermédiaires et analyse de leurs performances en mélanges bispécifiques pour produire des services écosystémiques de gestion de l'azote“. Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2014. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/13771/1/tribouillois.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSvobodova, Karolina. „Des lieux intermédiaires dans un pays en chantier. Nouvelles réponses spatiales aux défis culturels, artistiques et urbains dans la Belgique des années 1970-1980“. Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2021. https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/320963/7/Contrat.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis dissertation examines the challenges and creative processes of intermediate places (cultural sites, third-places) in the specific situation of Belgium during the 1970s. In a context of social, cultural and artistic demands and urban conflicts, as the country was undergoing institutional reforms following the first revision of the Constitution, new actors claimed their place in the city and their right to the city.Studies on intermediate places have proliferated over the past twenty years with regard to land use planning issues. A review of the state of the art reveals that while geographers, urban planners and sociologists invested contemporary spaces to analyze the territorial - and more specifically urban - dynamics to which they contribute, art and theater historians produced monographs on the invention of such new spaces and about their significance and effects in the art world.Using unedited archive collections and oral history to study three intermediate places founded in Belgium in the 1970s - the Halles de Schaerbeek, the Cirque Divers and the Raffinerie du Plan K - this research suggests to combine these two approaches by showing how, through aesthetics, design choices and the modes of sociability implemented in these places, they developed a specific urban imaginary, contributed to the experience of the city and entered the art world.The implementation of such infrastructures provided a spatial solution that would enable the development of new artistic practices, encourage other attitudes towards culture and favor celebratory modes of sociability, in a poorly dynamic cultural context. The dissertation shows how the "Do It Yourself" movement that promoted the development of intermediate places as well as their lack of organizational means made them particularly sensitive to their - institutional, urban, socio-cultural, artistic - environment and exposed them to the life and needs of the city. Consequently, it can be stated that the three cultural sites arose from a dynamic of cooperation and appropriation by the users, rather than from an oppositional logic. In light of the current model of city marketing and the aspirations of the creative city, which relies on the use of public infrastructures and cultural events for economic and marketing purposes, the historical approach of this work aims at reexamining the value of cultural places as a resource. Drawing on the history of these three sites, it calls for a reflection on the conditions of possibility of cultural infrastructure as a common.Keywords: intermediate places, requalification, common, development, appropriation, 1970, creative city, celebration, spectacle, urban imaginary, Brussels, Liege, Belgium
Doctorat en Arts du spectacle et technique de diffusion et de communication
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Meyer, Nicolas. „Evaluation de l'impact des cultures intermédiaires multi-services sur le bilan hydrique des sols : approche par expérimentation et simulation. Application au bassin Adour-Garonne“. Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020INPT0017.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCover crops are one of the pillars of agroecology and can be introduced into current cropping systems without major changes. However, in a context of climate change with changing rainfall patterns, the impact of cover crops on water dynamics and balance could be negative. The Adour- Garonne basin (BAG) has problems managing the quantity and quality (nitrates, pesticides) of its water bodies. Quantifying the impact of cover crops according to their management on the soil water dynamics and balance in the BAG is therefore a crucial social and scientific issue. My objective is to evaluate the impact of cover crops on water balance and water flows at the field scale, depending on their management, and at the territorial scale, to assess the possible consequences on groundwater recharge in the event of reduced drainage. I have implemented a scientific approach combining three types of methods: meta-analysis of the scientific literature, experiments and field measurements and simulations with the STICS crops model at the plot scale, then by extrapolation to the BAG scale. I analysed the impact of cover crops on evapotranspiration, drainage, nitrate leaching, water and nitrogen content according to various factors: soil and climate, cover crops species (mixture), sowing and termination date, and residue management (returned by plough or left in mulch at the soil surface). The results indicate that cover crops reduce drainage by increasing actual evapotranspiration in a vegetative cover situation compared to a bare soil. However, if cover crops are well managed, with adaptation of the species making up the plant cover, planting and destruction dates, they do not induce water and nitrogen stress leading to lower yields of the following main crops. The generalization of cover crops throughout the BAG, without local adaptation of their management and with late termination (case of conservation agriculture), could however modify the major water cycle by increasing evapotranspiration and decreasing drainage, which is the determining process for groundwater recharge. These changes could increase the gap between growing water needs and evertightening resources in the context of climate change
Cassigneul, Ana. „Caractérisation de l'effet de l'introduction de cultures intermédiaires sur le devenir des pesticides dans le sol - Cas du glyphosate et du S-métolachlore dans le cadre d'une monoculture de maïs conduite en non-labour“. Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019INPT0029.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCover crops have been mainly used to limit soil erosion and water bodies contamination, particularly by nitrates. Their introduction in cropping systems leads to physical, chemical, and biological changes in the soil environment that are likely to influence the fate of pesticides in the soil after application. This thesis studies the impact of the presence of cover crops on the soil surface on two major processes involved in the fate of pesticides - adsorption and degradation, and for two herbicides frequently found in water bodies - glyphosate and S-metolachlor. Adsorption measurements performed in laboratory on 9 types of cover crop mulches show that the adsorption level of the herbicides studied is higher when they are intercepted by decomposed cover crop residues compared to fresh ones, to an extend that depends on the cover crop species and the herbicide physicochemical properties. A predictive model of the sorption level increase as a function of the cover crop residues mineralization is proposed. Monitoring the degradation of radiolabeled herbicides in microcosms under controlled conditions made it possible to compare herbicide fate in soil with that in soil covered with cover crop residues (or mulch). The results show that the herbicide dissipation pathways are different in bare soil compared to mulch-covered soil. A higher immobilization of herbicides in mulches (formation of strongly bound residues), and a variability related to the type of cover crop studied were observed. In addition, the study of the effect of the decomposition degree of cover crops mulches at the time of herbicide application (studied only for S-metolachlor) shows a relationship between the proportion of herbicide intercepted by mulch and the herbicide half-life. The results of the three studies presented in this thesis are discussed with respect to their implications for the environmental assessment of cropping systems. The consideration of soil surface crop residues in soil pesticide transfer models is identified as a challenge to better describe field situations, and thus to better evaluate cropping systems that are in full boom in temperate zone agrosystems. These assessments enable to identify agricultural practices that limit the risk of pollution of water bodies
Gironde, Michel. „Carlos Fuentes entre hispanité et américanité“. Thesis, Paris 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA030012.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCarlos Fuentes, author of a rich and wide-ranging work of fiction and intellectual reflection, is one of the greatest living writers of the Latin American literature. Through his work Fuentes appears to be quite multiple: cosmopolitan, cultural intermediary, intellectual essayist and fiction novelist. But what do really bind together those different functions? Which true face beneath those various “masks” does Fuentes exhibit as a writer? What type of writing does he elaborate? In order to answer those questions, we study and look at the very heart of Fuentes’s thinking and creation, that is to say the matter of centrality. Fuentes wonders indeed what role do the Hispanic-American cultures play in the world, traditionally considered as secondary, not to say out sided, both by the Occident and the United States. Our research reveals that the greatest achievement of Fuentes is to have located the Hispanic-American and the Mexican culture, his culture, in the centre of the world, respectively in his work as an essayist and as a fiction novelist. How does he proceed? The key is the interculturality: first considering the Spanish culture as a cultural inheritance for the Hispanic-American culture, then pointing at the interrelation of the Mexican culture and the world cultures. Within an interpretative critic, as we sought to show the intention of centrality in the work of Fuentes, we have carried out a comparative method that analyses the dialogue between “foreign” cultural elements and Hispanic American ones. We have requested the historiography, the history of mentalities, the anthropology and the philosophy in order to do so. Hence, we have demonstrated that while putting the centrality in the heart of his intention, Fuentes succeeded in inventing a poetic of interculturality for his work, both within his fiction and essays
Archambault, Catherine. „The roles and behaviors of upper and middle management within the strategic renewal process“. Thesis, Lille 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL1A023.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleScholars of strategic management recognize strategic renewal as a vibrant field of study which is key to unveil how organizations insure their long term survival and prosperity. Yet, strategic renewal’s increasing literature has brought fragmentation to the field, which now displays various conceptual perspectives and tensions. In this thesis, I explore the process tension of strategic renewal (upper versus middle management) and unveil how both groups can join efforts to enact a firm’s rejuvenation process. My contribution to the strategic renewal literature is threefold. First, I introduce six meta-roles for strategic renewal and reveal how both organizational layers can actively collaborate to shape the latter. This inter-layer collaboration perspective is new to the strategic renewal process literature. Second, I enrich Stopford and Baden-Fuller’s corporate rejuvenation process (1990) and reveal how the six meta-roles and their inherent behaviors can be associated with their three process steps. Lastly, my research revives Burgelman’s 1983 initial emergent conception of strategic renewal’s roles and behaviors. This emergent approach also revives the strategy and structure debate, demonstrating how strategy and structure are continuously shaping and being shaped in the process of strategic renewal - enacted when meta-roles act as driving forces for change
Chahsiche, Jean-Michel. „Le marché français du livre d’économie (1945-2015) : contribution à une histoire sociale des idées économiques“. Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01D063.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWhat do we learn when studying economic ideas through their impagination? In this dissertation, we take the stance that economic ideas are partially elaborated according to the specific logic of cultural industries: the economy is indeed represented through several means such as books, scientific papers, press articles, but also comic books, documentaries or paintings. Each of these formats has an impact on the production and consumption of economic ideas. This stance unfolds in three distinct research paths. First, the production and consumption of economic ideas are analysed as cultural practices bearing high profits of distinction. In post-WW2 France, economic knowledge has been central in claiming political legitimacy, as well as in individual and collective strategies to reinforce positions in the political space, public administration, private companies and academic institutions. Second, by focusing on cultural mediators – here, publishing companies – we show that there is no automatic relation between supply and demand of economic ideas: by working on that relation, publishers directly participate in the making of the cultural goods being traded (here, economic books), as well as they take part in the production of legitimate authors and readers of economic ideas. Most specifically, we show that publishers largely contributed in making economics the knowledge of “white collars” (the cadres), therefore participating in the affirmation of that social group. Finally, analysing the market of economic ideas enables us to shift our focus from an academic-centered approach of the history of economic ideas. Authors of economic books indeed form a multi-professional space, in which scholars neighbour high civil servants, business and political leaders. This dissertation hence initiates the cultural study of an “economic culture” which, by being opposed to “ideologies”, constitutes a powerful means in legitimizing or contesting the social order
Canolle, Fabien. „La professionnalisation au travail : dia–logue avec la Théorie Historico-Culturelle de l’Activité : le cas des jeunes chercheurs de l’Université de Lyon : recherche CIFRE avec un intermédiaire de l’emploi (RD2 Conseil)“. Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE3053.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTransformations of French university as historical, societal, political and economic developments have led to reconsider its mission and become entrepreneurial. For the knowledge economy, it is a key actor and PhDs kingpins. They are invited, during doctoral training, to embrace other careers while academic sector is narrowing. Professionalisation programs are built without reflecting on their reactivity towards the activity and young PhDs. This research, in management studies, engages a dialogue with these issues to rethink the sociotechnical process of professionalisation at work in and through activity, i.e. skills transfer, therefore, their development. Our conceptual framework envisions a multi-level analysis of a professionalisation process at work, at the individual, activity and organisational levels. We engage in a dialogue with the third generation of Historical-Cultural Activity Theory (C.H.A.T.). We immerse as an “insider researcher” in a headhunting company specialised in PhDs recruitment, and the University of Lyon as PhD candidate. We conduct empirical study on several fields by mixing methods (interviews, professional life stories, and experimentation). Our research contributes to three areas: a redefinition of university’s mission and organising through activity and communities, and the expertise of PhDs related to society; another way of thinking skills development and transfer in HRM; and a fourth generation of C.H.A.T
Carneiro, Brito Elaine. „Le Rhizome patrimonial : analyser un mouvement hétérogène d'acteurs et de sens“. Thesis, Avignon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AVIG1191/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis seeks to explore the regimes of patrimonialization of patrimonies, or patrimonial heritage, based on social dynamics of identification, recognition and enhancement of objects called "patrimonies". However, there is a communicational interpretation envisaging the understanding of a discursive productivity of the patrimonial value. In other words, we are interested in the construction of the patrimonial sense from the social discourse. Through the realization of two field surveys, in the city of Valença, in the region of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and in the "Territoire des Garrigues", in the Occitanie region, in France, we question how an object material or immaterial, is likely to become heritage through symbolic productions. A third observation, of distinct characteristics, was important for the development of this research: it is the "Ninth session of the Intergovernmental Committee for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage", an event which took place in November 2014 in the UNESCO Headquarters, Paris. This work attempts to describe the heritage as a movement that is transformed and actualized from the discourse of the different actors involved: owners, amateurs, practitioners, associations, researchers, institutional, among others. This is why we consider the discourse from its illocutionary force, which allows us to identify it as an action that aims to "make-do" (Austin, [1962] 1970) or "to make action". In this respect, we have developed a methodological method of webdocumentary writing with the aim of analyzing semio-pragmatically the different discourses collected and provoked during our observations. This device gives us the initiative to produce and manipulate different formats of documents, such as audio-visual, sound, photographic and cartographic. Added to this production is the collection of a heterogeneity of documents produced by the actors themselves or by third parties. Therefore, our methodological method of webdocumentary writing allows us to manipulate this set of heterogeneous documents, that is to say the organization and formatting, with the aim of exposing the possible layouts of actors. and the begetting of actions and patrimonial meanings. From this manipulation, considered as the "intermediate writing" (Achard, 1994) of our research, is gradually emerging a "rhizomatic" conception (Deleuze and Guattari, 1980) of the patrimonialisation, where the actors are at the same time act and act of this movement in perpetual transformation. The idea of a "rhizome" of heritage rhizomes evolves during the chapters of this thesis revealing a patrimonial movement that organizes the actors and generates the senses. This rhizomatic movement is notably the producer of reflections on the past "which borrows from the signified in the present and opens the way for the future" (Mattos and Abreu, 2005). Patrimonialization described as a "Heritage Rhizome" becomes an integrated exercise in the public space, also allowing us to open up to other conceptions of public space
Esta tese tem por objetivo explorar os regimes de patrimonialização dos patrimônios, ou ainda de patrimonialidade dos patrimônios, através das dinâmicas sociais de identificação, de reconhecimento e de valorização dos objetos ditos “patrimônios”. No entanto, opera-se uma interpretação comunicacional com o propósito de compreender a produtividade discursiva do valor patrimonial. Em outras palavras, nós nos interessamos pela construção do sentido patrimonial à partir do discurso social. Este trabalho esforça-se em descrever a patrimonialização como um movimento que se transforma e se atualiza à partir do discurso dos diferentes atores envolvidos : detentores, amadores, praticantes, associativos, pesquisadores, institucionais, entre outros. Portanto, consideramos o discurso desde sua força ilocutória, o que nos permite identificá-lo como uma ação que busca “fazer-fazer” (Austin, [1962] 1970) ou ainda “fazer agir”. Para tanto, elaboramos um dispositivo metodológico de escrita webdocumentária afim de analisar semio-pragmaticamente os diferentes discursos coletados e provocados durante nossas observações. Logo, nosso dispositivo metodológico de escrita webdocumental nos autoriza a manipulação de um conjunto de documentos heterogêneos, ou seja a sua organização e edição, no intuito de expor possíveis associações entre os atores e o engendramento de ações e de sentidos patrimoniais. Desta manipulação, considerada como a “escrita intermediária” (Achard, 1994) da nossa pesquisa, se descobre pouco a pouco uma concepção “rizomática” (Deleuze e Guattari, 1980) de patrimonialização, onde os atores são ao mesmo tempo agidos e ativos de um movimento em constante transformação. A ideia de um “Rizoma” dos rizomas patrimoniais evolui durante os capítulos desta dissertação de tese nos revelando um movimento patrimonial que associa os atores e engendra os sentidos. Tal movimento rizomático é particularmente produtor de reflexões sobre o passado “que empresta significados para o presente e abre novos caminhos para o futuro” (Mattos e Abreu, 2005)
Nkoumou, Xavier. „Les rituels chez les enfants de migrants maghrébins : étude de quelques rites de passage chez des "Intermédiaires culturels" : le cas des fils de Kabyles nés en France, de la cité de Bois Joli“. Bordeaux 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR2A002.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNkoumou, Xavier. „Les rituels chez les enfants de migrants maghrébins : étude de quelques rites de passage chez des "Intermédiaires Culturels" : le cas des fils de Kabyles nés en France, de la cité de Bois Joli“. Bordeaux 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR20772.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePicaud, Myrtille. „Mettre la ville en musique (Paris-Berlin). Quand territoires musicaux, urbains et professionnels évoluent de concert“. Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0069.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis in sociology offers a comparison of music venues in Paris and Berlin. Studying music venues sheds light on the definitions and hierarchisation of musical, urban and professional territories. Diverse music genres are listened to in these venues, and ethnographic observation shows that events happen in many different configurations – audiences are sometimes seated or standing, in large arenas or intimate atmospheres, etc. Statistical methods enable the study of the connection between music styles and the way they are socially appropriated. These musical territories, unequally supported by cultural policies, distinguish themselves from the strict definition of musical genres. The musical subfield is also structured by spatial forces, revealed by the cartography of the music venues in both cities. Their localisation affects the way venues are perceived and defined but, conversely, the music scene also participates in the transformation of representations about the urban territories. Beyond the urban analysis of music, this thesis examines music production through the role of bookers, who select the artists in the venues. In Paris and Berlin, the definition of booking as a territory of competence depends on the musical subfield’s history and is influenced by pressure linked to the increasing economic concentration within the live music market. Interviews with bookers offer material for comparing the cultural intermediaries’ work practices and social trajectories. They illustrate different forms of professional development and uses of disinterestedness in the internationalised activity of booking. Cultural intermediaries and policies participate in the dual structure of the subfields, which reflects the centres and peripheries of the transnational musical field. Indeed, depending on their resources and position in these subfields, venues do not book the same type of artists. Thus, they tend to the local translation of musical value, all the while taking part in Paris’ and Berlin’s positioning as cultural capitals
Die Dissertation behandelt in vergleichender Perspektive „lebendige” Musik in Berlin und Paris. Musik wird hierbei als kulturelle Praxis in Form von Konzerten definiert, stellt die Orte an denen Musik stattfindet ins Zentrum und schließt daher das bloße Musikhören aus. Die Studie bezieht in diesem Rahmen beruflich-professionelle Aspekte, das Konzert als eine sinnliche Wahrnehmung und einen sozialen Tatbestand („fait social“) sowie das anwesende Publikum mit ein. Musik wird somit nicht musikwissenschaftlich sondern soziologisch analysiert. Das Konzert wird als künstlerische Ausdrucksform in seinem sozialen Rahmen betrachtet: das soziale Treiben während des Konzerts, die Besonderheiten des Veranstaltungsorts und ähnliche Aspekte sind in diesem Sinne integrale Bestandteile dieser auf Städteebene angesiedelten Forschungsarbeit
Corbière, Laetitia. „Du concert au show business. Le rôle des impréssarios dans le développement international du commerce musical, 1850-1930“. Thesis, Lille 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL3H025/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis research concerns the international development of musical tours between 1850 and 1930, a period characterized by the affirmation of the intermediation function and by an increasingly commercial approach to concerts. By adopting the perspective of the intermediaries who have brought about this evolution, we propose to study how the change in scale of those cultural and economic exchanges that musical tours are has caused profound changes. In particular, the transatlantic dimension that the music trade acquired from 1850 onwards had decisive consequences for the concert. Indeed, not only the structure of the exchanges had to be adapted to this new scale, but the repercussions were also sensitive on the artistic objects and on the social practices which surround the musical activity. Treating the concert as a show, the American impresarios promoted a resolutely commercial approach which, a priori, was opposed to European artistic conceptions. However, through transnational competition and cooperation, the innovations brought by American intermediaries transformed the music trade as a whole. In particular, they led to the emergence, by reaction but also by reappropriation, of modern concert directions based on traditional European music publishing houses. Moreover, because musical works are also symbolically, socially and nationally connoted objects, their trade reflects the tensions between democratization and distinction on the one hand, and between national issues and universalist temptation on the other
Alexandre, Olivier. „La règle de l'exception : sociologie du cinéma français (1981 à nos jours)“. Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0076.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe exception of French cinema includes a triple singularity. First, the sector represents the main model against the Hollywood industry. Second, unlike other European countries, the mutation (liberalization and expansion) of the audiovisual sector in the 1980s hasn't led to a collapse of the industrial and artistic sector. Finally, the director plays a cardinal role. International, historical and authorial : the proposed thesis aims to unravel this triple paradox. The thesis claims that a system of relationships and specific rights is based on a substainable embedding between different professional worlds. This cultural ecology, ie macroaggregation composed by different social worlds, is the main cause of the sustainability of the sector. Founded or refounded organizations and the establishment of suitable layouts are the foundation of the socio-cinematic history. Moreover, like other cultural industries, the French cinema is highly segmented. An executives core differs from the circle of "independent", itself differentiated from the "outsiders" one. Market strategies ad public action create a structural uncertainty about careers. Education, work abilities and the loyalty of their networks are the adhocratique factors allowing filmmakers to become "authors"
Lempereur, Nathalie. „Arthur Adamov, entre modernité et engagement : lieux, acteurs et réception d'un théâtre en politique“. Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010595.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleArthur Adamov (1908-1970) is a Jess studied figure of contemporary theatre. The social and cultural point of view that we adopt allows renewing interest for this unclassifiable and playwright. Initially linked to the "absurd", he shifted towards social and political theatre; meanwhile he was getting closer to the communist party. This thesis analyzes the evolution of his theatre that never freezes but reconfigures with the transformation of theatre, political and social backgrounds. We try to bring out the engaged intellectual and the list of his various actions that reached its peak between May 1958 cri sis and the end of the Algerian war. Adamov' s work reflects the society of his time; it has been encouraged, provoked enthusiasms as well as received hard critics. Sociability and legitimation instances reconfigure around his work: theatre hall directors, magazines, producers. The places when he has been played, in France - from avant-garde halls to the "red" suburb - or abroad, determines the particular geography of theaters opened to certain political dimension as well as to a new audience. The gap between the wished and real audience, as between theorized, imagined and practical theater, form other axes. Finally, this research provides information about the reception of Adamov's works, especially the impressions and sensibilities of his time. It's all about artistic and political utopia somehow buried which will arise in its collective dimension
Legros, Rémi. „Aspects des cultes mémoriels privés, dans la documentation archéologique et épigraphique, de la VIe à la XIIe dynasties (env. 2300-1793 av. J.-C.)“. Thesis, Lyon 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO20047.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMemorial cults are discussed in a pragmatic way to establish the actual practices, their duration, their importance and their evolution. For this, the necropolis of Pepy Ist at Saqqara, is the subject of special attention and a corpus of 160 unpublished offering tables is presented in full.In the first part, the study seeks to characterize locations of cult places. It reveals a hierarchy of these places by a sectorization of the necropolises and a progressive intrusion in urban area with private chapels and divine temples.The second part focuses on the practices themselves. The main materials are analyzed: the offering table, the stele, the statue. Each is described in its specificity and relation to rituals provided. Particular attention is paid also to buildings, including the different types of private chapels.The final section analyzes the motivations of cults that can be divided into three main categories: administrative practices, intentions within the piety and devotional practices.These three aspects together indicate a change in social history with the development, from the sixth dynasty, of individualistic practices, in substitution of administrative and communal traditional practices.The second volume presents the corpus of offering tables from the necropolis of Pepy Ist. A thorough analysis of their dating is performed using a matrix permutation seriation. It reveals for the first time eight successive periods between the beginning of the sixth dynasty and the advent of the Middle Kingdom
Corbière, Laetitia. „Du concert au show business. Le rôle des imprésarios dans le développement international du commerce musical, 1850-1930“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2018-2021), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LILUH025.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis research concerns the international development of musical tours between 1850 and 1930, a period characterized by the affirmation of the intermediation function and by an increasingly commercial approach to concerts. By adopting the perspective of the intermediaries who have brought about this evolution, we propose to study how the change in scale of those cultural and economic exchanges that musical tours are has caused profound changes. In particular, the transatlantic dimension that the music trade acquired from 1850 onwards had decisive consequences for the concert. Indeed, not only the structure of the exchanges had to be adapted to this new scale, but the repercussions were also sensitive on the artistic objects and on the social practices which surround the musical activity. Treating the concert as a show, the American impresarios promoted a resolutely commercial approach which, a priori, was opposed to European artistic conceptions. However, through transnational competition and cooperation, the innovations brought by American intermediaries transformed the music trade as a whole. In particular, they led to the emergence, by reaction but also by reappropriation, of modern concert directions based on traditional European music publishing houses. Moreover, because musical works are also symbolically, socially and nationally connoted objects, their trade reflects the tensions between democratization and distinction on the one hand, and between national issues and universalist temptation on the other
Choquet, Anastasia. „Le métier de programmateur musical à Radio France : analyse d’un groupe professionnel d’intermédiaires culturels de service public à l’ère du numérique“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris-Panthéon-Assas, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ASSA0075.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAgainst a backdrop of crisis in cultural prescription, this thesis analyzes a professional group of public service cultural intermediaries, the music programmers at Radio France. Faced with the loss of audience for music radio stations, competition from streaming platforms and the introduction of digital technologies into the professional practices of music programming at Radio France, how are the boundaries of a public service professional group evolving ? Subjected to public service missions that give them an a priori singular role in the radio space - and more broadly in the cultural space - the study of the professional practices of Radio France's music programmers constitutes a fertile field of research for understanding the mutations of music prescription as well as the contemporary stakes of public service radio. From an interactionist perspective and with an inductive and comprehensive methodological approach, this work is based on an analysis of the "narratives of practice" of music programmers delivered in interviews, but also on interviews conducted with other professional groups involved in music programming at Radio France. Conducted between 2016 and the beginning of 2020, these interviews are complemented by the analysis of a corpus of contemporary official documents
Aberdam, Marie. „Élites cambodgiennes en situation coloniale : essai d'histoire sociale des réseaux de pouvoir dans l'administration cambodgienne sous le protectorat français (1860-1953)“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01H026.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleProposing a portray of the Cambodian high society during the French Protectorat, this PhD describes how the mantrī - Cambodian mandarins - manipulated their social organization in the colonial context. Through colonial archives, Cambodian sources and oral history, this essay demonstrates how the high society used their networks of parents within the royal then within the colonial administration. Those networks, composed of large group of allies and associates, were dedicated to the control of social and political powers. The conflicts between those networks - to gain control over the administration - rhythmed the dynastic history of Cambodia all along the 19th and 20th centuries. Their actors took a part in the establishment of the colonial order. Confronted to the penalization of their practices - assimilated to nepotism and corruption by the Colonial State - those networks of power then instrumentalized the needs of the colonial administration to their issues of perpetuation. Their members became colonial administrators and then limited the capacity of the colonial institutions to interfere on their social structures. A prosopographie of one hundred and twenty mantrī of the royal administration became civil servants of the Colonial State describes how their networks spread within the Indochinese services. A collective biography of one of these networks - a family, its allies and associates - analyses the kinship model of the Cambodian elite, its perpetuation and its evolutions depending of their relations with the royal family and the Colonial State until the independence
Monnet, Anne-Flore. „Optimisation de la transformation de matières premières issues de cultures associées légumineuse - blé tendre par une bonne connaissance de la physico-chimie des ingrédients et du procédé de fabrication“. Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLA031/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMixing wheat and legumes is a promising way of developing sustainable agricultural practices in addition to supplying proteins of good nutri-tional quality. Food chains for the valorization of wheat-legume intercrops could be designed to handle such a mixture right up to the production of cereal products enriched with legume flour. This would involve monitoring the variability of the raw materials used by the secondary processing industry. The aim of this work was to develop a tool to enable the monitoring of the quality of cakes enriched with legume flour regardless of variations in flour quality, by using the processing variables. The quality of soft cakes is defined by their structural properties at different length scales. After characterization of the variable properties of flour and of the manufacturing process, a multi- objective model for the monitoring of cake quality was built thanks to an optimal experimental design. The prediction capacity of the model was validated, and its correction efficiency was confirmed both instrumentally and sensorially in two case studies involving variations in the proportions and particle sizes of wheat and legume in the flour. Following a discussion of the sustainability of the food chain as a whole, the knowledge acquired during the course of this study was used to make recommen -dations concerning the upstream stages of the chain (selection, cultivation, sorting, first processing) using a reverse engineering approach
Boivin, Rémi. „À l'écoute de La Plaine. Écologie urbaine d’une scène musicale à Marseille“. Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020EHES0047.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe aim of this dissertation is to consider music through the city, as being arranged in its perceptive environment and integrated into social life at a local level. Along with an ecological and situational approach of the musical experience from a material, contingent and pragmatic space, the challenge firstly consists in avoiding, as much as possible, restricting the analysis of music in a purely media space. The ethnographic survey reflects a movement from an experience of the place to an experience of music within the same urban environment: the so-called La Plaine district in the city centre of Marseille, France. This local area which constitutes one of the central hubs of the city has no formal existence at an administrative level but appears to the observer as a living place and an urban cultural scene. Since the mid-1980s, the area has been marked by many cultural developments; there is a large concentration of musical venues and since 2010 is the subject of a substantial urban project seeking to renew its population. The amount of regular and micro events here, arranged for social occasions and often taking place outside the "institutional time", reveals a wide spectrum of forms and configurations at perceptual, cultural and social levels. Focusing on the role of music in the gradual institution of a common and shared culture in La Plaine and its construction as a special location or a "proper place" in Marseille, the survey has enabled to question the challenge that constitutes an urban project to the specific form of social bond stabilized by this place
Tzu-Jui, CHEN, und 陳姿叡. „Etude Sociologique des Cafés de Taïpei :un Espace Intermédiaire, Culturel et Identitaire“. Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/a2u4j6.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle輔仁大學
法國語文學系碩士班
102
Ces dernières années, l’habitude de boire un café a beaucoup grandi à Taïwan. Nous pouvons également trouver des cafés standardisés de chaînes commerciales ou des cafés de styles originaux sur les grands boulevards et dans les petites rues de Taïpei. Ce mémoire a pour objet d’analyser les cafés de Taïpei d’un point de vue sociologique. Nous révélerons également l’influence des cafés français sur les cafés de Taïpei. Nous nous sommes ici intéressés plutôt aux cafés de styles originaux. Le « Manuel de recherche en sciences sociales» de Raymond Quivy nous a fourni les notions fondamentales de la recherche sociologique et les méthodes d’enquête et d’entretien. Nous avons par ailleurs puisé chez Michel de Certeau et Maurice Halbwachs, la théorie et les concepts nécessaires à une analyse de la culture ordinaire des cafés de Taïpei, y mettant en évidence l’importance de la mémoire collective (terme forgé par Maurice Halbwachs). Ces concepts et théories, ainsi que le modèle d’analyse de Dominique Desjeux nous ont guidés dans nos entretiens et dans la compréhension des espaces spécifiques des cafés comme lieu. Les photos du café « La Bohème » nous ont notamment permis de mieux comprendre la relation entre les objets et l’espace, ainsi que les objets symboliques, qui composent un système symbolique dans ce café. Finalement, les résultats de notre enquête de terrain nous ont permis de montrer pourquoi et comment les cafés de Taïpei peuvent être considérés comme des espaces intermédiaires, culturels et identitaires.
Mantha, Alexis. „Rapayan : une culture tardive du Haut Marañón dans les Andes centrales du Pérou“. Thèse, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/14245.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleChoronzey, Jonathan. „Présence et identité Gallinazo dans la basse vallée de Santa, côte nord du Pérou“. Thèse, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/7308.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBoudrault, Jean Guy. „Étude exploratoire et comparative de la culture organisationnelle de deux commissions scolaires du Québec : une commission scolaire francophone et une commission scolaire anglophone : le point de vue de cadres intermédiaires“. Thèse, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/13049.
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