Zeitschriftenartikel: „Interactions lentes“

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SILVA, JEOVAN ASSIS DA, und TOMAS AQUINO GUIMARÃES. „Regulatory agencies and courts: interactions between administration and justice“. Cadernos EBAPE.BR 18, Nr. 3 (20.09.2020): 512–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1679-395120190015x.

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Resumo As inter-relações entre agências reguladoras e tribunais judiciais constituem tema de alto impacto nas relações sociais em geral, porém, ainda carecem de pesquisas empíricas e maior sistematização do conhecimento, sob uma perspectiva multidisciplinar. Nessa linha, este ensaio tem por objetivo realizar uma discussão articulada das principais tensões entre o Poder Executivo e o Poder Judiciário em decisões inerentes à atividade regulatória, apoiada nas principais lentes teóricas e no estado da arte aplicáveis ao fenômeno. O relacionamento entre agências e tribunais é marcado por dicotomias e a abordagem institucional do espaço regulatório e as reflexões trazidas pela Análise Econômica do Direito, dentre outras lentes de análise, revelam-se bastante úteis para a interpretação das tensões institucionais existentes em tal relacionamento. A literatura sobre revisão judicial de decisões de agências reguladoras aponta pesquisas sobre fatores que explicam a deferência judicial ou motivam um papel mais proeminente dos tribunais, passando também por temas relativos a: a) envolvimento de tribunais com questões técnicas e científicas; b) eficiência e desempenho; c) comportamentos calculados; d) custos de transação; e e) análises de custo-benefício. Propõe-se uma agenda de pesquisa que explore percepções de atores-chave desse ambiente acerca de litígios regulatórios, bem como estudos sobre fatores e condicionantes que explicam a deferência judicial em diferentes contextos.

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Suliński, Tomasz, Natalia Nowak, Jędrzej Szymański und Jacek Pniewski. „Analysis of Deposition and Diffusion of Cholesterol in Silicone Hydrogel Contact Lenses Using Confocal Microscopy“. Vision 8, Nr. 3 (20.09.2024): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vision8030055.

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In this study, we investigated lipid deposition and diffusion in silicone hydrogel (Si-Hy) contact lenses using confocal microscopy. Different Si-Hy lenses were analyzed to understand the interaction patterns of cholesterol with various lens materials. The results highlight significant differences in the deposition and diffusion of lipids through the lenses, revealing that some materials, such as comfilcon A, allow lipids to diffuse more freely compared to others, such as samfilcon A, which provides a greater barrier. The study also observed different morphology and movement of lipid agglomerates across the lenses and above it surfaces. These findings contribute to the understanding of lipid–lens interaction, which is important for the development of lenses with improved comfort and functionality. The research highlights the importance of considering lipid interactions in the design and selection of Si-Hy contact lenses to enhance wearer comfort and lens performance.

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Walther, Joseph B. „Interaction Through Technological Lenses“. Journal of Language and Social Psychology 31, Nr. 4 (21.05.2012): 397–414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0261927x12446610.

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Machín, Francisco José Electronica, und Josep L. Pelegrí. „Interaction of Mediterranean Water lenses with Antarctic Intermediate Water off Northwest Africa“. Scientia Marina 80, S1 (30.09.2016): 205–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/scimar.04289.06a.

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Wang, Qiaosi, Ida Camacho, Shan Jing und Ashok K. Goel. „Understanding the Design Space of AI-Mediated Social Interaction in Online Learning: Challenges and Opportunities“. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 6, CSCW1 (30.03.2022): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3512977.

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Our online interactions are constantly mediated through Artificial Intelligence (AI), especially our social interactions. AI-mediated social interaction is the AI-facilitated process of building and maintaining social connections between individuals through information inferred from people's online posts. With its impending application across a number of contexts, the challenges and opportunities of AI-mediated social interaction remain underexplored. This paper seeks to understand the design space of AI-mediated social interaction in the context of online learning, where students frequently face social isolation. We deployed an AI agent named SAMI in three class discussion forums to help online learners build social connections. Using SAMI as a probe, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 26 students to understand their difficulties in remote social interactions and their experiences with SAMI. Through the lenses of social translucence and social-technical gap, we illustrate online learners' difficulties in remote social interactions and how SAMI resolved some of the difficulties. We also identify potential ethical and social challenges of SAMI such as user agency and privacy. Based on our findings, we outline the design space of AI-mediated social interaction. We discuss the design tension between AI performance and ethical design and pinpoint two design opportunities for AI-mediated social interaction in designing towards human-AI collaborative social matching and artificial serendipity.

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Rowe, Shawn, Luisa Massarani, Waneicy Gonçalves und Rafael Luz. „Emotion in Informal Learning as Mediated Action: Cultural, Interpersonal and Personal Lenses“. International Journal of Studies in Education and Science 4, Nr. 1 (03.09.2022): 73–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.46328/ijses.50.

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Emotion and affect are important but undertheorized and under researched elements of learning in informal contexts such as science centers, museums, zoos, and aquariums. An interactional and discursive approach to emotions as mediated action was used to develop a three-part framework for documenting and exploring the place of emotional expression among family groups (n = 10 groups; 33 individuals) visiting an ocean exhibit in an interactive science museum in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Among our results, we observed that the most commonly expressed emotion was surprise, excitement, amusement and curiosity; the most frequently occurring categories of emotional expression among the families in interaction were those associated with being actively engaged in positive emotional interaction. Transcripts of interaction are presented to illustrate the framework and examined in light of emotional expression as a mediator of 1) active, collaborative, meaning making; 2) learner agency and protagonism; and 3) empathy. Results from the entire data set are interpreted using the Core Affect Model of Engagement. We present examples of and discuss how and why a mediated action approach to emotion as a social, distributed, interactional and discursive phenomena may be helpful both for advancing the study of emotion as an aspect of informal learning and exhibit design.

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Mankos, M., und D. Adler. „Electron–electron interactions in cathode objective lenses“. Ultramicroscopy 93, Nr. 3-4 (Dezember 2002): 347–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-3991(02)00290-5.

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Argüello, Gabriela. „The International Maritime Organization’s Contribution to Regime Interaction: Past, Present, and Future“. Max Planck Yearbook of United Nations Law Online 25, Nr. 1 (23.12.2022): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18757413_02501003.

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On the occasion of the 25th anniversary of The Max Planck Yearbook of United Nations Law, this article revisits the International Maritime Organization’s (IMO) contribution to regime interaction in the fields of air pollution, climate change, ship waste management and rescue of migrants at sea. Particular attention is given to cooperation arrangements between international organizations and how their day-to-day activities contribute to or hinder legal development among legal regimes. These interactions are studied through the theoretical lenses of ‘relational interactions’ and ‘regime complexes’. The paper focuses on iterative and forward-looking cooperation arrangements and the characteristics of such interactions ranging from collaborative to conflictive. I illustrate how the IMO has made substantial contributions (beyond maritime law) to the law of the sea and international environmental law, but the contribution to refugee law has been more modest. While the IMO will continue to engage in regime interaction, legal scholarship should pay closer attention to institutional congestion in international law. Since the international legal system has no pre-established hierarchy, governance is horizontal and may be prone to conflicts. It is time to devise mechanisms that allow relational interactions while avoiding legal fragmentation and forum shifting risks.

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Kim, KyungTae, und Niklas Elmqvist. „Embodied lenses for collaborative visual queries on tabletop displays“. Information Visualization 11, Nr. 4 (20.04.2012): 319–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1473871612441874.

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We introduce embodied lenses for visual queries on tabletop surfaces using physical interaction. The lenses are simply thin sheets of paper or transparent foil decorated with fiducial markers, allowing them to be tracked by a diffuse illumination tabletop display. The physical affordance of these embodied lenses allow them to be overlapped, causing composition in the underlying virtual space. We perform a formative evaluation to study users’ conceptual models for overlapping physical lenses. This is followed by a quantitative user study comparing performance for embodied versus purely virtual lenses. Results show that embodied lenses are as efficient as purely virtual lenses, and also support tactile and eyes-free interaction. We then present several examples of the technique, including image layers, map layers, image manipulation, and multidimensional data visualization. The technique is simple, cheap, and can be integrated into many existing tabletop displays.

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Gunasekaran, Sidaard, Madison Peyton und Neal Novotny. „Aerodynamic Interactions of Wind Lenses at Close Proximities“. Energies 15, Nr. 13 (24.06.2022): 4622. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15134622.

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The fundamental aerodynamic interactions between a pair of wind lenses is experimentally investigated. In prior work, wind tunnel testing of lensed turbines in a side-by-side configuration revealed that one lensed turbine outperformed its counterpart in terms of power production. In the current study, particle image velocimetry (PIV) was performed in the wake of three different pairs of wind lens profiles and revealed an inherent bias in the wake properties at close proximities which led to one turbine outperforming the other. The merged wake location is skewed to a single lens in the lens pair depending on the extent of cancellation of inboard vorticity magnitude. At 0.1 to 0.2 x/D,the individual wakes merge as one, at which point the vortex shedding frequency and the modal strength behind the lens pairs is reduced. Coincidentally, it is at this spacing that the net power output of lensed turbines placed in a side-by-side configuration reaches the maximum.

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HART, DEAN E., und KATHERINE L. SHIH. „Surface Interactions on Hydrogel Extended Wear Contact Lenses“. Optometry and Vision Science 64, Nr. 10 (Oktober 1987): 739–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006324-198710000-00005.

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Green, Keith, Karen A. Bowman und Christopher A. Paterson. „Interaction between ophthalmic drugs and intraocular lenses“. American Intra-Ocular Implant Society Journal 11, Nr. 1 (Januar 1985): 28–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0146-2776(85)80110-5.

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Picarazzi, Sara, Federica Corlazzoli, Alessandra Rossi, Miriam Ascagni, Stefano Farris, Alessandro Borghesi und Silvia Tavazzi. „Eyeshadow – Polymer interaction in soft contact lenses“. Contact Lens and Anterior Eye 41 (Juni 2018): S94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clae.2018.04.046.

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Sokolovskiy, M. A., und B. N. Filyushkin. „Interaction between synoptic gyres and intrathermocline lenses“. Oceanology 55, Nr. 5 (September 2015): 661–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s000143701505015x.

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Williams-Pierce, Caro. „Designing for mathematical play: failure and feedback“. Information and Learning Sciences 120, Nr. 9/10 (14.10.2019): 589–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ils-03-2019-0027.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore three different types of digital environments for mathematics learning that may support mathematical play and the failure and feedback mechanics present in each. Design/methodology/approach Interaction analysis and the lenses of failure, feedback and mathematical play are used to analyze the mathematical interactions afforded by three different digital environments. Findings Each digital environment supports or restrains the potential for mathematical play through mathematical representations, failure and feedback. Originality/value The primary contribution of this paper is to highlight different ways in which digital failure and feedback designs can influence the emergent experience of mathematical play.

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Sele, Sello J., Jan K. Coetzee, Florian Elliker, Cornie Groenewald und Sethulego Z. Matebesi. „Online Social Networking, Interactions, and Relations: Students at the University of the Free State, Bloemfontein“. Qualitative Sociology Review 14, Nr. 4 (08.01.2019): 100–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1733-8077.14.4.07.

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Online social networking (OSN) is an activity performed through social network sites (SNS) such as Facebook, Twitter, WhatsApp, and Instagram. OSN has become a dominant interaction mechanism within contemporary society. Online platforms are woven inextricably into the fabric of individuals’ everyday lives, especially those of young adults. We present a mixed-methods study—conducted at the University of the Free State in Bloemfontein—that analyzes how students reflect on their everyday experiences of OSN. The key theoretical frameworks guiding this research are phenomenology, existentialism, and reflexive sociology. These theoretical lenses collectively assist in broadening our understanding of the students’ experiences that reveal the complexities associated with their interactions and social relations via SNS. From their narratives we learn how the students make sense of their engagements on SNS, how these engagements have an impact on their social interactions, and how OSN affects their self-presentation.

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Franklin, V., K. Evans, L. Jones, U. Singh-Gill und B. J. Tighe. „INTERACTION OF TEAR LIPIDS WITH SOFT CONTACT LENSES“. Optometry and Vision Science 72, SUPPLEMENT (Dezember 1995): 145–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006324-199512001-00242.

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Chapman, Jack M., Lisa Cheeks und Keith Green. „Drug interaction with intraocular lenses of different materials“. Journal of Cataract & Refractive Surgery 18, Nr. 5 (September 1992): 456–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0886-3350(13)80098-3.

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Lea, S. J. Hardman, J. Loades und M. P. Rubinstein. „The interaction between hydrogel lenses and sodium fluorescein“. Acta Ophthalmologica 67, Nr. 4 (27.05.2009): 441–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-3768.1989.tb01630.x.

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McGillicuddy, Dennis J. „Formation of Intrathermocline Lenses by Eddy–Wind Interaction“. Journal of Physical Oceanography 45, Nr. 2 (Februar 2015): 606–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jpo-d-14-0221.1.

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AbstractMesoscale intrathermocline lenses are observed throughout the World Ocean and are commonly attributed to water mass anomalies advected from a distant origin. An alternative mechanism of local generation is offered herein, in which eddy–wind interaction can create lens-shaped disturbances in the thermocline. Numerical simulations illustrate how eddy–wind-driven upwelling in anticyclones can yield a convex lens reminiscent of a mode water eddy, whereas eddy–wind-driven downwelling in cyclones produces a concave lens that thins the mode water layer (a cyclonic “thinny”). Such transformations should be observable with long-term time series in the interiors of mesoscale eddies.

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Varela-Garcia, Angela, José Luis Gomez-Amoza, Angel Concheiro und Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo. „Imprinted Contact Lenses for Ocular Administration of Antiviral Drugs“. Polymers 12, Nr. 9 (04.09.2020): 2026. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12092026.

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A variety of ocular diseases are caused by viruses, and most treatments rely on the use of systemic formulations and eye drops. The efficient ocular barriers that oppose antiviral drug penetration have prompted the development of improved topical delivery platforms. The aim was to design hydrogel contact lenses endowed with an affinity for acyclovir (ACV) and its prodrug valacyclovir (VACV), first-choice drugs against herpes simplex virus (HSV) ocular keratitis, and that can sustain the release of therapeutic doses during daily wearing. Functional monomers suitable for interaction with these drugs were screened using computational modeling. Imprinted and non-imprinted hydrogels were prepared with various contents in the functional monomer methacrylic acid (MAA) and characterized in terms of swelling, transmittance, mechanical properties, and ocular compatibility (hen’s egg test on chorioallantoic membrane (HET-CAM) assay). The values were in the range typical of soft contact lenses. Compared to ACV, the capability to load VACV was remarkably higher due to stronger electrostatic interactions with MAA. The advantages of the imprinting technology were evidenced for VACV. Stability of VACV loading solution/hydrogels under steam heat sterilization and subsequent drug release was investigated. Permeability studies through bovine and porcine cornea and sclera of the drug released from the hydrogels revealed that VACV accumulates in the cornea and can easily cross the sclera, which may facilitate the treatment of both anterior and posterior eye segments diseases.

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Nikitina, Liudmila, Gottfried Dohr und Herbert Juch. „Studying nanoparticle interaction with human placenta: Festina lente!“ Nanotoxicology 9, sup1 (02.12.2013): 133–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/17435390.2013.859322.

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Thompson, David E., Joyce Baptist, Bryant Miller und Una Henry. „Children of the U.S. National Guard“. Youth & Society 49, Nr. 8 (24.02.2015): 1040–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0044118x15570883.

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This qualitative study explored how 24 youths’ behaviors during deployment were influenced by their perceptions of their non-deployed parents. Interviews were conducted with youths of previously deployed National Guard parents. Analysis of interviews suggests that the youths’ interactions with their non-deployed parents strongly influence their behaviors during deployment. Examined through the lenses of family systems and symbolic interaction, youths appear to base their behaviors upon perceptions of their non-deployed parents’ abilities to cope and manage the changes brought about during deployment. The majority of youths report reacting in ways intended to help their parents and families—whether by stepping up and assisting their non-deployed parents, or withdrawing physically or emotionally to reduce the emotional strain on parents. Implications of findings are discussed.

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DERHAM, K. Barry, und J. John HARDING. „Effect of aging on the chaperone-like function of human α-crystallin assessed by three methods“. Biochemical Journal 328, Nr. 3 (15.12.1997): 763–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3280763.

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α-Crystallin can function as a molecular chaperone by preventing unwanted interactions. This paper presents the effects of aging and cataract on the chaperone-like properties of α-crystallin from soluble fractions from the cortex and nucleus of human lenses by using three assays: enzyme inactivation and two turbidity experiments. The three methods complemented each other. There was no decrease with age of chaperone-like function of cortical α-low and α-high crystallin. Nuclear α-low crystallin showed a decrease, whereas α-high crystallin showed no age-related change but its protective effect was diminished. Results from the nucleus of 40-year-old cataractous lenses seemed similar to those for clear lenses of equivalent age, whereas 80-year-old cataractous lenses showed decreased chaperone-like behaviour.

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Liu, Xinrui. „Human-Computer Interaction Applied in Rental Market“. Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences 6, Nr. 1 (27.04.2023): 202–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/6/20220207.

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The development of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) provides opportunities and chal-lenges for humans. The growing uses of HCI are applied in broad industries, such as the technology industry, medical industry, and commerce industry, etc. This article indicates the importance of HCI in the commerce industry by comparing two rental apps and how these HCI principles can be applied to serve users better.

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Chapman, Jack M. „Interactions of Benzalkonium Chloride With Soft and Hard Contact Lenses“. Archives of Ophthalmology 108, Nr. 2 (01.02.1990): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archopht.1990.01070040096038.

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Franks, David D. „Mutual Interests, Different Lenses: Current Neuroscience and Symbolic Interaction“. Symbolic Interaction 26, Nr. 4 (November 2003): 613–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/si.2003.26.4.613.

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Tavazzi, Silvia, Alessandra Rossi, Sara Picarazzi, Miriam Ascagni, Stefano Farris und Alessandro Borghesi. „Polymer-interaction driven diffusionof eyeshadow in soft contact lenses“. Contact Lens and Anterior Eye 40, Nr. 5 (Oktober 2017): 335–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clae.2017.06.003.

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Shovlin, Joseph P. „Systemic medications and their interaction with soft contact lenses“. International Contact Lens Clinic 17, Nr. 9-10 (September 1990): 250–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0892-8967(90)90066-o.

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Rocha Azevedo, Dora Savoldi da. „Postcolonial Pragmatics: Changing lenses“. Revista da ABRALIN 19, Nr. 2 (10.09.2020): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.25189/rabralin.v19i2.1656.

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Seeking to account for the specificities of interactions in postcolonial societies contexts, Eric Anchimbe and Richard Janney (2010) developed the Postcolonial Pragmatics framework, which was the topic of Anchimbe’s homonymous lecture in Abralin ao vivo. As a result of colonization and the consequent mixture between indigenous and colonizers ways of life, postcolonial settings are marked by hybridized forms of concepts, language, social norms, and speech (e.g. code-mixing and code-switching), thus leading to communication strategies which have been shaped by these heterogeneous environments. Postcolonial Pragmatics consists of a framework based on an emic perspective which aims at taking into account the hybrid settings found in postcolonial societies in pragmatic analysis. Anchimbe presents us with a new theoretical lens through which phenomena drawn from these hybrid settings are considered central to the Pragmatics’ enterprise.

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Mueller, Florian, und Damon Young. „10 Lenses to Design Sports-HCI“. Foundations and Trends® in Human–Computer Interaction 12, Nr. 3 (2018): 172–237. http://dx.doi.org/10.1561/1100000076.

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Varcasia, Cecilia. „Discourse functions in a dialogic speaking test task“. Language Learning in Higher Education 9, Nr. 2 (25.10.2019): 321–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cercles-2019-0018.

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Abstract This paper explores, through the use of the observation checklist and Conversation Analysis (CA), the discourse functions elicited by the dialogic task of the Free University of Bolzano (IT) speaking test. It aims to contribute to content validation, which has been claimed to be especially relevant in paired speaking tests, where interaction is co-constructed by participants. Lazaraton has argued that the investigation of the process of the assessment of speaking competences represents, for todays’ research, a question of almost the same importance as outcome scores. The paper investigates the predictions of the construct through the actual elicitation of functions in the task performance of the test. Results are analysed qualitatively with respect to informational, interactional, and management-of-interaction functions. Some quantitative analysis was also conducted to determine the relative frequency of each function. Outcomes were found to be in line with previous research in the proportion of use of the three different types of functions, informational, interactional and management of interaction. The paper finally discusses the advantages and disadvantages of exploring test content through the lenses of observation checklists and CA, the first providing a general framework in which discourse functions can be outlined, and the second providing a more fine-tuned view of the data and of the complexity of exploitation of each function.

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Cox, PhD, Ian, Pete Kollbaum, OD, PhD und Eric Papas, PhD. „How Contact Lenses Have Influenced Research Developments in Optics and Vision Science“. Hindsight: Journal of Optometry History 52, Nr. 2 (17.09.2021): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.14434/hindsight.v52i2.33226.

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Initially, contact lenses were developed as the only viable option to provide improved vision for patients suffering from conditions which distortedthe corneal surface in an irregular fashion, rendering spectacle correction an unsatisfactory option. Developments in materials, fitting methods andmanufacturing technologies soon made contact lenses an appealing option for all spectacle wearers, particularly with the development of toricand multifocal lens options. Although the optical challenges of contact lenses appeared to be relatively straightforward in their early years, thedevelopment of improved in-vivo diagnostic and in-vitro metrology instrumentation led to a significantly greater understanding of the nature of theoptical errors (e.g. higher order wavefront aberrations) of the eye and contact lenses and the interactions between them when worn. The featuresof contact lenses having extremely steep curvatures and being aligned closely to the eye’s visual axis in all positions of gaze provide both uniquechallenges and opportunities for improving the visual performance of both physiological and pathological eyes, and have guided the efforts ofsignificant vison science research in more recent times.

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Cox, PhD, Ian, Pete Kollbaum, OD, PhD und Eric Papas, PhD. „How Contact Lenses Have Influenced Research Developments in Optics and Vision Science“. Hindsight: Journal of Optometry History 52, Nr. 2 (17.09.2021): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.14434/hindsight.v52i2.33226.

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Initially, contact lenses were developed as the only viable option to provide improved vision for patients suffering from conditions which distortedthe corneal surface in an irregular fashion, rendering spectacle correction an unsatisfactory option. Developments in materials, fitting methods andmanufacturing technologies soon made contact lenses an appealing option for all spectacle wearers, particularly with the development of toricand multifocal lens options. Although the optical challenges of contact lenses appeared to be relatively straightforward in their early years, thedevelopment of improved in-vivo diagnostic and in-vitro metrology instrumentation led to a significantly greater understanding of the nature of theoptical errors (e.g. higher order wavefront aberrations) of the eye and contact lenses and the interactions between them when worn. The featuresof contact lenses having extremely steep curvatures and being aligned closely to the eye’s visual axis in all positions of gaze provide both uniquechallenges and opportunities for improving the visual performance of both physiological and pathological eyes, and have guided the efforts ofsignificant vison science research in more recent times.

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Gilman, Daniel, Jo Bovy, Tommaso Treu, Anna Nierenberg, Simon Birrer, Andrew Benson und Omid Sameie. „Strong lensing signatures of self-interacting dark matter in low-mass haloes“. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 507, Nr. 2 (13.08.2021): 2432–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab2335.

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ABSTRACT Core formation and runaway core collapse in models with self-interacting dark matter (SIDM) significantly alter the central density profiles of collapsed haloes. Using a forward modelling inference framework with simulated data-sets, we demonstrate that flux ratios in quadruple image strong gravitational lenses can detect the unique structural properties of SIDM haloes, and statistically constrain the amplitude and velocity dependence of the interaction cross-section in haloes with masses between 106 and 1010 M⊙. Measurements on these scales probe self-interactions at velocities below $30 \ \rm {km} \ \rm {s^{-1}}$, a relatively unexplored regime of parameter space, complimenting constraints at higher velocities from galaxies and clusters. We cast constraints on the amplitude and velocity dependence of the interaction cross-section in terms of σ20, the cross-section amplitude at $20 \ \rm {km} \ \rm {s^{-1}}$. With 50 lenses, a sample size available in the near future, and flux ratios measured from spatially compact mid-IR emission around the background quasar, we forecast $\sigma _{20} \lt 11\rm {\small {--}}23 \ \rm {cm^2} \rm {g^{-1}}$ at $95 {{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ CI, depending on the amplitude of the subhalo mass function, and assuming cold dark matter (CDM). Alternatively, if $\sigma _{20} = 19.2 \ \rm {cm^2}\rm {g^{-1}}$ we can rule out CDM with a likelihood ratio of 20:1, assuming an amplitude of the subhalo mass function that results from doubly efficient tidal disruption in the Milky Way relative to massive elliptical galaxies. These results demonstrate that strong lensing of compact, unresolved sources can constrain SIDM structure on sub-galactic scales across cosmological distances, and the evolution of SIDM density profiles over several Gyr of cosmic time.

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Salavastru, Silvia, Irina Andreea Niagu, Luana Andrei Macovei, Lucretia Anghel, Nicolae Sarbu, Alisa Bejan, Claudia Florida Costea, Victorita Stefanescu, Madalina Nicoleta Matei und Camelia Margareta Bogdanici. „Study of Myopia Correction Using Nanoporous Polymer Gas Permeable Contact Lenses“. Materiale Plastice 58, Nr. 4 (04.01.2022): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/mp.21.4.5531.

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Ophthalmic treatments using contact lenses are now used by more and more specialists around the world. Improving contact lens (CL) materials is a condition that is constantly evolving. Contact lens materials are usually composed of polymer hydrogel or silicone hydrogel. The materials used for night contact lenses are gas permeable and they gradual flatten the center of the cornea which decreases the progression of myopia or myopic astigmatism. The aim of this study is to identify, in correlation with the chemical interactions between structural components of contact lenses and their biocompatibility with the surface layer and microtopography of the cornea or sclera, different incidents that occur in patients who have used rigid gas permeable contact lenses. The study was performed on a group of 10 patients who had a follow-up period between 4 and 6 years, who presented regularly for eye examinations. The following clinical parameters were analyzed: ocular refraction before and after wearing night contact lenses, types of contact lens materials, appearance of corneal topography, biomicroscopic examination of the anterior segment of the eye, keratometry, ocular comfort, as well as other incidents regarding this type of lenses. Difficulties caused by wearing contact lenses at night arose due to poor hygiene and maintenance in two cases or due to interruption of lens wear in one case.

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Mao, Tianyu, und Fengzhou Fang. „Biomimetic Functional Surfaces towards Bactericidal Soft Contact Lenses“. Micromachines 11, Nr. 9 (31.08.2020): 835. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi11090835.

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The surface with high-aspect-ratio nanostructure is observed to possess the bactericidal properties, where the physical interaction between high-aspect-ratio nanostructure could exert sufficient pressure on the cell membrane eventually lead to cell lysis. Recent studies in the interaction mechanism and reverse engineering have transferred the bactericidal capability to artificial surface, but the biomimetic surfaces mimicking the topographical patterns on natural resources possess different geometrical parameters and surface properties. The review attempts to highlight the recent progress in bactericidal nanostructured surfaces to analyze the prominent influence factors and cell rupture mechanism. A holistic approach was utilized, integrating interaction mechanisms, material characterization, and fabrication techniques to establish inclusive insights into the topographical effect and mechano-bactericidal applications. The experimental work presented in the hydrogel material field provides support for the feasibility of potentially broadening applications in soft contact lenses.

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Bekker, Tilde, Linda de Valk und Berry Eggen. „A toolkit for designing playful interactions: The four lenses of play“. Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments 6, Nr. 3 (2014): 263–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ais-140259.

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Reim, M., N. F. Schrage und J. Becker. „Interactions between Ocular Surface Fluid and Cornea Related to Contact Lenses“. European Journal of Ophthalmology 11, Nr. 2 (April 2001): 105–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/112067210101100201.

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Peyyala, Rebecca, Sreenatha S. Kirakodu, Jeffrey L. Ebersole und Karen F. Novak. „Novel Model for Multispecies Biofilms That Uses Rigid Gas-Permeable Lenses“. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 77, Nr. 10 (18.03.2011): 3413–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00039-11.

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ABSTRACTOral biofilms comprise complex multispecies consortia aided by specific inter- and intraspecies interactions occurring among commensals and pathogenic bacterial species. Oral biofilms are primary initiating factors of periodontal disease, although complex multifactorial biological influences, including host cell responses, contribute to the individual outcome of the disease. To provide a system to study initial stages of interaction between oral biofilms and the host cells that contribute to the disease process, we developed a novelin vitromodel system to grow biofilms on rigid gas-permeable contact lenses (RGPLs), which enable oxygen to permeate through the lens material. Bacterial species belonging to early- and late-colonizing groups were successfully established as single- or three-species biofilms, with each group comprisingStreptococcus gordonii,Streptococcus oralis, andStreptococcus sanguinis;S. gordonii,Actinomyces naeslundii, andFusobacterium nucleatum; orS. gordonii,F. nucleatum, andPorphyromonas gingivalis. Quantification of biofilm numbers by quantitative PCR (qPCR) revealed substantial differences in the magnitude of bacterial numbers in single-species and multispecies biofilms. We evaluated cell-permeable conventional nucleic acid stains acridine orange, hexidium iodide, and Hoechst 33258 and novel SYTO red, blue, and green fluorochromes for their effect on bacterial viability and fluorescence yield to allow visualization of the aggregates of individual bacterial species by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Substantial differences in the quantity and distribution of the species in the multispecies biofilms were identified. The specific features of these biofilms may help us better understand the role of various bacteria in local challenge of oral tissues.

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Karlgard, C. C. S., L. W. Jones und C. Moresoli. „Ciprofloxacin Interaction with Silicon-Based and Conventional Hydrogel Contact Lenses“. Eye & Contact Lens: Science & Clinical Practice 29, Nr. 2 (April 2003): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.icl.0000061756.66151.1c.

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Mi, Lili, Xiao-Guang Yue, Xue-Feng Shao, Yuanfei Kang und Yulong Liu. „Strategic Asset Seeking and Innovation Performance: The Role of Innovation Capabilities and Host Country Institutions“. Journal of Risk and Financial Management 13, Nr. 3 (02.03.2020): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jrfm13030042.

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Peering through the lenses of the strategic intent perspective and strategic fit paradigm, in this study, we seek to examine the contingent conditions under which emerging market multinational enterprises (EMNEs) with strategic asset seeking (SAS) intent can achieve improved innovation performance. We developed a contingency model of how the relationship between SAS intent and innovation performance is contingent on the moderating effects of firms’ innovation capability and institutional quality in the host country, as well as on the synergistic interaction of independent moderating effects from these two factors. We combined survey data from 320 Chinese MNEs with archival data to test our hypotheses. Our results show that SAS intent can lead to positive innovation performance when (a) the investing firm has developed high levels of innovation capability, and (b) synergistic interactions exist between institutional quality and firms’ innovation capability regarding their moderating effect on the SAS intent-innovation performance link.

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Sokolovskiy, Mikhail A., Xavier J. Carton und Boris N. Filyushkin. „Mathematical Modeling of Vortex Interaction Using a Three-Layer Quasigeostrophic Model. Part 2: Finite-Core-Vortex Approach and Oceanographic Application“. Mathematics 8, Nr. 8 (02.08.2020): 1267. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math8081267.

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The three-layer version of the contour dynamics/surgery method is used to study the interaction mechanisms of a large-scale surface vortex with a smaller vortex/vortices of the middle layer (prototypes of intrathermocline vortices in the ocean) belonging to the middle layer of a three-layer rotating fluid. The lower layer is assumed to be dynamically passive. The piecewise constant vertical density distribution approximates the average long-term profile for the North Atlantic, where intrathermocline eddies are observed most often at depths of 300–1600 m. Numerical experiments were carried out with different initial configurations of vortices, to evaluate several effects. Firstly, the stability of the vortex compound was evaluated. Most often, it remains compact, but when unstable, it can break as vertically coupled vortex dipoles (called hetons). Secondly, we studied the interaction between a vertically tilted cyclone and lenses. Then, the lenses first undergo anticlockwise rotation determined by the surface cyclone. The lenses can induce alignment or coupling with cyclonic vorticity above them. Only very weak lenses are destroyed by the shear stress exerted by the surface cyclone. Thirdly, under the influence of lens dipoles, the surface cyclone can be torn apart. In particular, the shedding of rapidly moving vortex pairs at the surface reflects the presence of lens dipoles below. More slowly moving small eddies can also be torn away from the main surface cyclone. In this case, they do not appear to be coupled with middle layer vortices. They are the result of large shear-induced deformation. Common and differing features of the vortex interaction, modeled in the framework of the theory of point and finite-core vortices, are noted.

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WILLIAMS, TIMOTHY J., MARK D. P. WILLCOX und RENE P. SCHNEIDER. „Interactions of Bacteria with Contact Lenses: The Effect of Soluble Protein and Carbohydrate on Bacterial Adhesion to Contact Lenses“. Optometry and Vision Science 75, Nr. 4 (April 1998): 266–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006324-199804000-00023.

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Katila, Julia, und Sanna Raudaskoski. „Interaction Analysis as an Embodied and Interactive Process: Multimodal, Co-operative, and Intercorporeal Ways of Seeing Video Data as Complementary Professional Visions“. Human Studies 43, Nr. 3 (25.08.2020): 445–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10746-020-09553-4.

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Abstract The analysis of video-recorded interaction consists of various professionalized ways of seeing participant behavior through multimodal, co-operative, or intercorporeal lenses. While these perspectives are often adopted simultaneously, each creates a different view of the human body and interaction. Moreover, microanalysis is often produced through local practices of sense-making that involve the researchers’ bodies. It has not been fully elaborated by previous research how adopting these different ways of seeing human behavior influences both what is seen from a video and how it is seen, as well as the way the interpretation of the data ultimately unfolds in the interaction between researchers. In this article, we provide a theoretical-methodological discussion of the microanalytic research process. We explore how it differs from “seeing” affect in interaction either as a co-operative and multimodal action or as an intercorporeal experience. First, we introduce the multimodal conversation analytic, co-operative, and intercorporeal approaches to microanalysis. Second, we apply and compare these practices to a video-recorded interaction of a romantic couple. Furthermore, we examine a video-recorded episode of us, the researchers, reflecting on our analytic observations about this interaction. We suggest that adopting a multimodal and co-operative perspective constructs affect as co-produced and displayed through observable action, while an intercorporeal perspective produces affect as an embodied and experienced phenomenon. While the former enables locating affect in a specific moment and identifiable body parts, the latter facilitates recognizing the experienced side of affect. These different modes of professional vision complement one another in capturing affect in interaction while being fundamentally used in local interactions between the researchers.

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Wu, Shengnan, Chanhong Chung und Younghwan Kwon. „Synthesis and Characterization of Monosaccharide-Containing 2-(α-D-mannopyranosyloxy)Ethyl Methacrylate as a Surface Modifier for Hydrogels“. Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 20, Nr. 9 (01.09.2020): 5609–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2020.17645.

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We introduce a hydrophilic monosaccharide-containing 2-(α-D-mannopyranosyloxy)ethyl methacrylate (ManEMA) in this study to achieve more extended and comfortable wear silicone hydrogel contact lenses by increasing water content. Molecular structure of ManEMA contains a monosaccharide moiety with four hydroxyl groups, which provide a strong interaction with water. Therefore, the ManEMA-containing hydrogels are expected to have high water content. The structure of synthesized ManEMA is confirmed by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Contact lenses containing silicone polymers are coated with a monosaccharide-containingManEMA monomer with the help of plasma treatment and the use of 3-(trimethoxylsilyl)propyl methacrylate to provide an increased hydrophilicity. The feasibility of ManEMA as a surface modifier of silicone lenses is investigated in terms of water content and surface energy.

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Koruga, Đuro, Dragomir Stamenković, Ivan Djuricic, Ivana Mileusnic, Jovana Šakota, Božica Bojović und Zorana Golubovoć. „Nanophotonic Rigid Contact Lenses: Engineering and Characterization“. Advanced Materials Research 633 (Januar 2013): 239–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.633.239.

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Contact lenses are a common optical aid to provide help with refractive anomalies of the human eye. Construction of contact lenses is a complex engineering task as it requires knowledge of optics, materials science, production and characterization methods for product quality. Besides correcting refractive anomalies, by using contact lenses it is possible to change the characteristics of light through the manipulation of material structure properties. Nanomaterials, such as fullerene C60, are candidates for the medium that interacts with light, thus changing its properties. During material syntheses for contact lenses, fullerenes are added to the base material and optical characteristics of the new nanophotonic material are compared with the base material. The engineering, manufacture and characterization of both a commercial and a new nanophotonic contact lens is presented in this paper. The interaction of water with both base and nanophotonic contact lens materials is described. Using experimental techniques, the phenomena of an exclusion zone (EZ) is also identified.

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Andang’o, Elizabeth Achieng’. „The role of music in shaping children’s self-knowledge and identity: Perspectives from an African setting¹“. International Journal of Music in Early Childhood 17, Nr. 1 (01.05.2022): 65–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/ijmec_00043_1.

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Music-making is a natural childhood activity. This is evidenced by the increase in research and scholarship covering diverse aspects of children’s interaction with music. This keynote address invites us to reflect on the ways in which music shapes young children’s self-knowledge and identity by considering their musical needs, their interactions with music, what they and their adult caregivers experience as they participate in musicking and how this entire encounter may nurture their growing musicality. Acknowledging the influence of context in nurturing musical childhoods, four settings of home, school, church and the community activity of Isukuti performing arts are examined through lenses of social and cultural psychology and African Indigenous knowledge systems. The discussion ends with a call for educators, researchers and practitioners to consolidate ongoing and future efforts in nurturing musical childhoods, particularly by adding the sub-Saharan Africa perspective to the kaleidoscope of global activities that constitute children’s musical journeys

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Lai, Zeyu. „Diving into the virtual realm: Exploring the mechanics of virtual reality“. Applied and Computational Engineering 31, Nr. 1 (22.01.2024): 268–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/31/20230166.

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Virtual reality (VR) is a burgeoning technology that aspires to create an immersive digital experience for its users. This essay aims to explore how VR works by inspecting its hardware and software components, as well as the integration of both. The hardware components include the head-mounted display (HMD) with display screens, lenses, and motion tracking sensors for generating visual output and detecting head movements; Input devices, such as hand controllers, enable user interaction. The software components involve 3D computer graphics and rendering techniques, which allow the creation of virtual objects and environments. Real-time rendering ensures smooth and responsive visuals, while audio processing and sound simulation promote a realistic auditory experience. Integrating hardware and software components concerns real-time tracking and synchronization, recognizing and matching user movements with the virtual environment, and ensuring accurate interactions. Feedback mechanisms, especially haptic feedback like vibrations, enhance immersion. Understanding the workings of VR provides insights into its potential applications and its ability to transport users to virtual worlds.

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Penuel, William, Margaret Riel, Ann Krause und Kenneth Frank. „Analyzing Teachers’ Professional Interactions in a School as Social Capital: A Social Network Approach“. Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 111, Nr. 1 (Januar 2009): 124–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016146810911100102.

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Background/Context Researchers have proposed a number of lenses for analyzing teacher professional communities in recent years. These lenses have been useful in describing key dynamics of professional communities; however, none provides a compelling approach to how to integrate data from the school as a whole with case study data on individual interactions to create a coherent account of the structure and dynamics of teacher professional communities. Objective Our objective was to present and illustrate the application of social capital theory for analyzing the role of formal and informal teacher interactions in helping teachers enact changes to instruction associated with ambitious school reforms. Social capital theory posits that valued resources and expertise are embedded within social networks and that it is through social ties that one gains access to and can make use of resources to effect change. The network perspective directs researchers to focus simultaneously on the overall social structure of a school and on the expertise and resources exchanged through interactions among teachers that take place in meetings, staff rooms, hallways, and classrooms. Setting Our illustrations are contrasting cases of teacher communities in two elementary schools in California. In both school communities, the principals were committed to the idea of fostering greater interaction among colleagues as a strategy to improve literacy instruction. Both schools had similar levels of resources to support their goals through external funding from the state, but the schools had had different levels of success in implementing their reforms at the time of the study. Research Design We used an explanatory case study methodology that relied on social network, survey, and interview methods as sources of evidence for several alternative hypotheses relating to how the distribution of resources and expertise may have contributed to these schools’ different levels of success in implementing their reforms. Conclusions/Recommendations The comparative case analysis of the two schools provided evidence that analyzing the internal structure of the school community was necessary to help account for the distribution of access to resources and expertise in these two schools. Moreover, there was some evidence from survey and network data that the distribution of valued resources and expertise was related to the level of change observed in each school.

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