Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Interactions entre espèces“
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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Interactions entre espèces"
GOUET, Ph, J. GRAIN, H. C. DUBOURGUIER und G. ALBAGNAC. „Interactions entre espèces microbiennes anaérobies dans le rumen“. Reproduction Nutrition Développement 26, Nr. 1B (1986): 147–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/rnd:19860202.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLEBRET, B., S. PRACHE, C. BERRI, F. LEFÈVRE, D. BAUCHART, B. PICARD, G. CORRAZE, F. MÉDALE, J. FAURE und H. ALAMI-DURANTE. „Qualités des viandes : influences des caractéristiques des animaux et de leurs conditions d'élevage“. INRA Productions Animales 28, Nr. 2 (13.01.2020): 151–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2015.28.2.3022.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMattioli, Raffaele C., O. Jean und Adrien Marie Gaston Belem. „Incidence de la trypanosomose sur la faune sauvage d'un ranch de gibier au Burkina Faso“. Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 43, Nr. 4 (01.04.1990): 459–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.8759.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePoitelon, Jean-Baptiste, Michel Joyeux, Bénédicte Welté, Jean-Pierre Duguet und Michael Scott DuBow. „Le réseau de distribution d’eau potable : un écosystème complexe lié à des enjeux de santé publique“. Revue des sciences de l’eau 24, Nr. 4 (24.01.2012): 383–418. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1007627ar.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBAUDRY, Jacques, David ROLLAND, Mélanie BIET, Rémy BONNEVILLE, Hugues BOUSSARD, Mathilde DEFOURNEAUX, Gladys GONNET et al. „Les infrastructures bocagères pour la biodiversité“. Sciences Eaux & Territoires, Nr. 40 (27.09.2022): xx. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/revue-set.2022.40.7083.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBRIANT, C., D. GUILLAUME, P. L. TOUTAIN und M. R. BLANC. „Superovulation chez la jument avec les hormones gonadotropes : le point sur la situation et nouvelles données“. INRAE Productions Animales 20, Nr. 4 (07.11.2007): 275–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2007.20.4.3466.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCORPET, F., und C. CHEVALET. „Analyse informatique des données moléculaires“. INRAE Productions Animales 13, HS (22.12.2000): 191–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2000.13.hs.3837.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTHEBAULT, A., E. J. PEELER, A. G. MURRAY, E. BRUN, A. GIOVANINNI und M. A. THRUSH. „Application de la modélisation en santé des espèces aquacoles“. INRAE Productions Animales 20, Nr. 3 (07.09.2007): 223–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2007.20.3.3460.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePont, D., R. Chappaz, G. Brun und A. Champeau. „Interactions zooplancton-poissons dans une retenue oligotrophe de mise en eau récente (Ste-Croix, Provence, France)“. Revue des sciences de l'eau 2, Nr. 4 (12.04.2005): 777–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705054ar.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMonket, Ange Edgar Habib, Célestin Yao Kouakou, Malé Roger Kely, André Djaha Koffi, Antoine Kouamé N’guessan, Emmanuelle Normand, Yves Aka Kablan, Abdoulaye Diarrassouba, Adama Tondossama und Jean-Claude Koffi Bene. „Périodes d’activités et structure sociale de Cephalophus zebra Gray, 1838 et de Cephalophus jentinki Thomas, 1892 dans le Parc National de Taï, Sud-Ouest de la Côte d’Ivoire“. International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 15, Nr. 5 (20.01.2022): 1863–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v15i5.14.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDissertationen zum Thema "Interactions entre espèces"
Thomas, Anaïs. „Interactions entre espèces en plantations mélangées forestières et agroforestières“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023LORR0079.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePlantations of fast-growing species (e.g. poplars, willows, eucalyptus) are widely used for biomass supply. However, these plantations are often monospecific systems and are generally very resource demanding. This is particularly the case for plantations of species belonging to the Populus genus, which can be grown under intensive cultivation conditions, and which use large quantities of water and nitrogen to produce large volumes of biomass. In this context, mixed forest or agroforestry plantations appear as an interesting alternative to monocultures. Indeed, they can produce more by using more efficiently the resources necessary for the growth of the different components of the mixture by playing on the complementarity between the species. The introduction of nitrogen-fixing species in these mixtures can also be an additional asset to reduce the need for synthetic nitrogen inputs.In any plantation, forest or agroforestry, intraspecific interactions (individuals of the same species) or interspecific interactions (between individuals of two different species) can be negative, positive, or neutral. To date, the interactions between species that determine whether a given mixture will be more productive than the corresponding monocultures are still poorly understood and studies of their impact on resource-use efficiency are scarce. The overall objective of the PhD work was to evaluate the impact of several species mixtures, both forest and agroforestry, on tree growth performance through effects on functional (resource-use efficiencies), structural (crown architecture) and phenological (spring and fall bud and leaf phenology) determinants. The main hypothesis was that thanks to symbiotic nitrogen fixation and complementarity between species, trees in mixtures would be more productive and use resources more efficiently than in monoculture.This objective was pursued on an instrumented plantation on the La Bouzule site (54), installed in spring 2014, composed of mixtures of woody (poplars and alders) and herbaceous (legumes, graminoids) species, as well as their respective monocultures. The functioning of three types of mixtures including nitrogen-fixing species (poplars/alfalfa - clover succession; poplars/alders; alders/cereal - temporary grassland succession) was compared with monocultures of the two woody species. The originality of the work lies on the combination of the study of processes occurring at the organ and tree scales to describe the interaction processes between species and the overall performance of the different types of mixtures, compared to their respective monocultures.Species interactions in a plantation are not static but change as the stand develops. The nature of the interactions between poplars and legumes in the agroforestry plot evolved from a predominant competition at the beginning of the plantation to facilitation through soil nitrogen enrichment. The growth performances of the poplars were increased compared to the monoculture, associated with a higher water-use efficiency than in monoculture and a reduction of competition between the canopies allowing a better interception of light in agroforestry. In contrast, higher water-use efficiency of poplars associated with alder than in monoculture was not associated with better growth performances of both species compared to their respective monocultures. Overall, alder was only slightly affected by the mixtures
Ndome, Hameth. „Étude théorique des collisions réactives entre espèces diatomiques“. Marne-la-Vallée, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MARN0375.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMonmeyran, Amaury. „Étude expérimentale d’un modèle de biofilm bactérien multi-espèces en vidéo-microscopie : cinétique de formation et interactions entre espèces“. Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS242.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDuring my PhD work, I characterized the development of a multi-species biofilm in milli-fluidic channels under constant flow of nutrient medium. I first developed the use of a new fluorescent reporter on a single-species Escherichia coli biofilm. I have shown the limitations of classical GFP type reporters on the system and introduced the inducible fluorescence protein FAST to overcome these limitations. With this new tool, I studied the formation of a multi-species biofilm, resulting from a natural biofilm adapted to the laboratory, consisting of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), Pseudomonas fluorescens (Pf), Kocuria salsicia (Ks) and Rhodocyclus sp. (R). I characterized the development of this adherent community by video-microscopy of transmitted light and fluorescence, by measuring in real time the kinetics of development of global biomass and fluorescent species within the community. I thus highlighted a succession of phases of growth and recession of the biofilm, then the establishment of stationary state after 30h of growth. I also found that Pf, numerically the dominant species of this community, operates after a few hours a change of niche probably giving him an important advantage. These results led me to formulate the hypothesis that the formation mechanism of this adherent community is largely governed by the equilibrium of O2 in the system. Finally, I have studied the different combinations that can be formed by members of the community in search of existing interactions between bacteria. I was able to show the existence of competitive interactions between Pf and Bt, the parasitism relation of Bt on Ks, as well as that of amensalism of Pf on Ks. We also determined that R develops in a neutral way towards the other species. Our results suggest that these interactions are mainly based on physical interactions and physicochemical regulation
Cougoul, Arnaud. „Analyse statistique de réseaux d'associations entre espèces microbiennes à partir de données métagénomiques“. Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CLFAC103.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHigh throughput sequencing reveals a new ecology of microorganisms. They are everywhere and their functions are essential for their host ecosystems, organisms or environments. Metagenomics makes it possible to estimate the composition and abundance of microbial species from a set of samples of the same type of microbial communities. In the studies that seek to understand the diversity and structure of such communities, network approaches can identify statistical associations between microbes, assuming that these statistical associations reflect biological interactions. In this context, the subject of my thesis was to better understand the potential of network approaches in the detection of associations between OTUs within metagenomic data and to develop the necessary tools to improve the analysis of datasets. As a first step, I studied the practices and analysis tools that can be used to infer association networks within metagenomes. Given the properties of metagenomic data, I determined their effectiveness and their limits. This work allowed me to identify ways to improve the study of microbial associations. Based on the accumulated knowledge, I developed an association analysis package between OTUs (named MAGMA) to infer relevant associations within metagenomes. MAGMA takes into account the specificities of metagenomic data and offers the possibility to take into account the effect of a structuring factor on the distribution of OTUs before looking for associations between microbes. Through participations in different metagenomics projects, I confirmed the relevance of the tool developed and identified ways of improving the current biological issues
Auffray, Thomas. „Etude des interactions chimiques entre les espèces cultivées d'Elaeis et les insectes pollinisateurs“. Thesis, Montpellier, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MONTT074.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe African oil palm Elaeis guineensis Jacqu. (Arecales: Arecaceae) is a tropical plant of economic interest and the world's leading source of vegetable oil. Oil production depends on pollination by weevils of the genus Elaeidobius (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). These insects are involved in a specialized mutualist relationship with the host plant: they develop at the expense of the male inflorescences they detect through the odors emitted during the anthesis, while the female inflorescences are pollinated by mimicking the male odors. E. guineensis is affected by a lethal disease in South America that leads to the development of commercial varieties of interspecific hybrids, resulting from artificial crossing between E. guineensis and the South American oil palm Elaeis oleifera (Knuth) Cortés. However, the natural pollination of these hybrids is inadequate and require the intervention of a costly assisted pollination. This thesis hypothesizes that the chemical communication underlying the successful encountering between each oil palm species and their respective pollinators is deficient in hybrid palms.The main objective of this work was to study the functioning of the pollination system for both oil palm species to understand why natural pollination in hybrids is inefficient. The study was conducted in a commercial plantation in Ecuador, including the two species E. guineensis and E. oleifera present with their respective pollinating insects, the African weevil Elaeidobius kamerunicus Faust. and the South American weevil Grasidius hybridus O'Brien & Beserra (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), as well as interspecific hybrid palms. Using techniques of trapping and sampling of floral odors, our results showed the pollination system of both species of palm is based on the emission of a specific chemical signal and an olfactory deception, reinforced by a phenomenon of thermogenesis. The two insects are attracted in a small proportion to hybrid palms, which have an intermediate chemical composition compare to parent species. Physiological and behavioral tests permit the identification of the key volatile organic compounds responsible for pollinator attraction.This work should contribute to theoretical knowledge about the oil palm pollination system and the development of practical methods for pollinator management to reduce costs in assisted pollination
Martino, Aurelia. „Écologie trophique des poissons top-prédateurs - interactions entre espèces natives et introduites au sein d'écosystèmes dulçaquicoles“. Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00763302.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMartino, Aurélia. „Écologie trophique des poissons top-prédateurs, interactions entre espèces natives et introduites au sein d'écosystèmes dulçaquicoles“. Toulouse 3, 2012. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1773/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe impacts of exotic species on ecosystem functions are still poorly known. Top-predatory fish, which are at the top of the food-chain are relevant models to study the impacts on freshwater ecosystems. Introductions of exotic top-predator fish can induce changes in the functioning of freshwater communities, that could be inferred by stable isotope analyses in lentic and lotic food-webs, using trophic positions and diet compositions of top-predators. Moreover, the otolith chemical signatures can discriminate freshwater fish stocks and help to reconstruction of the introduced fish life history. Our results provide new information about trophic ecology of top-predator fish, and this knowledge will be useful to design regional conservation plans
Siou, Dorothée. „Développement épidémique de la fusariose des épis de blé et conséquences des intéractions entre espèces du complexe fusarien“. Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00849969.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFayaud, Benoit. „Déterminants de la croissance précoce et impact sur les interactions entre espèces dans les associations de cultures à base de légumineuses“. Phd thesis, Université d'Angers, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00997180.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLiancourt, Pierre. „Stratégies fonctionnelles et interactions entre espèces dominantes le long de gradients de ressources hydrique et trophique au niveau des pelouses calcaires“. Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005GRE10064.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe three grasses Bromus erectus, Brachypodium rupestre and Arrhenatherum elatius dominant xeric and nutrient poor, mesic and nutrient poor, and mesic and nutrient rich gras si and respectively. We hypothesized that three contrasting strategies may explain this pattern, depending on water and nutrient availability. Resource conservation strategy may be associated to nutrient poor communities whereas resource exploitation may be associated to nutrient rich community. On the other hand, the two dominant grasses of mesic communities Brachypodium rupestre and Arrhenatherum elatius may have a strong competitive ablhty but not Bromus erectus. This former species may rather dominate thanks to higher tolerance ability to abiotic constraint (i. E. Drought). Ln order to test these hypotheses, we manipulated water, nutrients and biotic interactions separately on the three grasses in a pots experiment and on the three dominant grasses and their communities on the field. Leaf traits and target response without any biotic interactions are consistent with our hypothesis as we confirmed the highest drought tolerance ability of Bromus erectus and the best conservative strategy ofboth B. Erectus and B. Rupestre. Competition experiment showed that there is a ranking in competitive response on the field, and this ranking is stable whatever the resource availability. B. Erectus was the most affected by competition, B. Rupestre was intermediate and A. Elatius was the least. Most importantly, the three asses showed. Contrasted competitive effect. The large conservative species B. Rupestre had a much higher competitive effect than the short conservative and drought tolerant B. Erectus, which may explain their dominance in mesic and xeric sites respectively. However, our results suggest that the competitive effect of B. Rupestre may involve primarily interference mechanisms and likely allelopathy, as compared to the resources competition processes of the exploitative A. Elatius
Bücher zum Thema "Interactions entre espèces"
Tan, Jingzhi, und Brian Hare. Prosociality among non-kin in bonobos and chimpanzees compared. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198728511.003.0010.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBuchteile zum Thema "Interactions entre espèces"
CHIQUET, Julien, Marie-Josée CROS, Mahendra MARIADASSOU, Nathalie PEYRARD und Stéphane ROBIN. „Le modèle Poisson log-normal pour l’analyse de distributions jointes d’abondance“. In Approches statistiques pour les variables cachées en écologie, 175–99. ISTE Group, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51926/iste.9047.ch8.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAUBERT, Julie, Pierre BARBILLON, Sophie DONNET und Vincent MIELE. „Modèles à blocs latents pour la détection de structures dans les réseaux écologiques“. In Approches statistiques pour les variables cachées en écologie, 131–50. ISTE Group, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51926/iste.9047.ch6.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGAYE, Aliou, und Mamadou DIOMBERA. „Les musées comme outils de patrimonialisation et de touristification des territoires au Sénégal“. In Revue Internationale des Sciences Économiques et Sociales (RISES) No. 4, 65–82. Editions des archives contemporaines, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.17184/eac.8165.
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