Dissertationen zum Thema „Interaction sociale – Dans les médias“
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Uratnik, Miha. „Le rôle des médias sociaux dans la co-création des utilisateurs et dans l'innovation de service“. Thesis, Lille 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL12011/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe pervasive availability of social media is changing how organizations interact with the user in service innovation. However, the explanation how to leverage the co-production and co-creation relationship in interactional service innovation with the social media user is missing. The integration of such interactions reveals a system of knowledge production and dissemination. The system unfolds a configuration of hypothetical interactions, namely the gap between the social media and service innovation networks across different sectors is narrowed with the interactional model and social media user in co-production and co-creation. The emphasis is on how organizations leverage the non-technological innovation and complex meta-change with social media in different environments. The research involves the exploratory sequential research; qualitative leading to the quantitative methodology. In qualitative research five companies were investigated during a long-term span. A particular qualitative methodology was used for the validation of the interactional model. However, the results lead to the quantitative validation and testing of hypotheses as theorized in the qualitative step. Companies leverage social media user for interactional service innovation with different specifics and co-produce or co-create value. The findings are hypothesized on a larger sample to confirm/refute different hypotheses. Although social media seem significant for co-creation, the findings do not follow suit. Companies do not employ the possibilities of co-creation with social media; they rather co-produce value with scarce unique interactions with social media users across different sectors
Tra, Bi Zamblé Mathieu. „Polyphonie sur les médias socionumériques : le cas des interactions sur YouTube à propos des feux de forêt d’Amazonie“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UBFCC002.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis study examines polyphonic enunciation in online writings, focusing on that which arises from and is induced by interactions on YouTube during the Amazon rainforest wildfires. After presenting the context and the concepts and theories related to polyphony, it proposes a methodological framework for analyzing polyphony that first captures the role of techno-semiotic, socio-economic, and psychosociological aspects of YouTube in polyphony, and then interrogates this polyphony at the level of other media actors mentioned from YouTube. This allows us to identify consistencies and changes in polyphonic configurations during our observation period and to show how these polyphonic configurations during the Amazon rainforest wildfires could be influenced by exogenous contextual variables. We also observe power dynamics when this polyphony is used as a strategy by various media actors involved in the social controversy surrounding the Amazon rainforest wildfires. This study complements previous research on editorial enunciation in screen writings by considering polyphony at both the network actors’ level and the argumentation level
Amado, López Angélica. „Les relations interculturelles et le média radio : études des radios locales implantées dans la région parisienne“. Paris 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA030061.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this research, we selected three radios from the network which diffuses FM in the Paris area in order to collect data, by mean of interviews and various documents, and by making an analysis of the content of the programs, more specifically those where exchanges between interlocutors take place. We chose two types of radio broadcasts available on the network: info-interactive and interactive. With these three processes of research, we wanted to confirm, firstly the existence of a cultural policy within the cultural communities of foreign origin radios, secondly the development of the intercultural relations among interlocutors of various cultural origins, thirdly the getting of a social and cultural knowledge and the evolution of the cultural representations on these communities in a dynamic of mediation
Plante, Marie-Pier. „Les représentations sociales véhiculées par les tribunes téléphoniques dans les médias interactifs“. Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2010. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/1741/1/030149073.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleVaucelle, Alain. „Interactivité et médias télévisuels : vers un nouvel espace de médiation“. Phd thesis, Université Paris VIII Vincennes-Saint Denis, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011259.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDenis, Véronique. „L'interview dans la presse écrite : Une interaction représentée“. Rouen, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989ROUEL091.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleVézina, Cathy. „Resituer la dimension communicationnelle de la créativité collective contextualisée : une approche par les constructions médiatrices“. Thesis, Toulon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUL0012/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis considers the effects caused by contextualized collective creativity, especially in small groups, based on a communicational approach by “mediational constructs". It has three main objectives. First, it wishes to clarify the concept of group creativity as a phenomenon (as discussed by Woodman, Sawyer and Griffin, 1993) and to propose its distinction from the method used by creativity groups (Demory, 1986; Aznar, 2011). Secondly, it seeks to clarify the forms of exchange and interactions during the communicative-creative process. Third, it investigates the effects of this complex collective phenomenon for a better understanding of contextualized creativity conditions and deployment.Using a pedagogical framework, we have invited a community of learners to experiment an immersive and original collective creation experience which was likely to upset habits and the traditional framework of learning by its engaging and confusing nature. We hypothesized that creative tension leads to the constant reorganization of group activity by influencing " mediational constructs " and that the nature of this context crystallizes the group cohesion and commitment. Through an analysis of group activity-creativity (creactivity), and more specifically by observing joint actions, interactions relationships and the involvement of members, this study postulates that contextualized collective creativity participates in the emergence of forms of interactions. Then, that the use of meditational means (artefacts, division of labor and rules of interactions) takes place in a constant movement of activity reorganization by overcoming contradictions by successive formation of “mediation nodes”. Thus, the mediational constructs represent a reflection of the transformation process of the social interactions meaning during the activity
Mekemeza, Pauline Leyonne. „Lecture de l'interaction dans la presse féminine : de la vitrine à une solution sémiotique des médias“. Thesis, Limoges, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIMO0072.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWomen's magazines offer a universe of meaning built from interaction regimes. By interaction we mean a set of semiotic logics, programmed speeches, manipulations of manipulative / manipulated subjects, strategic adjustments with sensitivity and accidents characterized by randomness and lacking in competence. Our research based on three fundamental components, title-logo, photography and textual statements, aims to read the first cover in light of the showcase methods. These magazines practices based on the desire to seduce readership as a mediation between two spaces, trademarks, editorial identity, associated with the semiotics of body, clothes and passions, are particularly appealing to us. Our goal is to focus on the meaningful sets that make sense in front cover and participate in the construction of a showcase life form, based on specific practices. We propose the interaction regimes as the organizing nucleus of the semiotic situations of the magazine. As a discursive quantity because of its heterogeneity, the question is that of a specific reading practice inscribes a specific semiotic practice linked to action. Consequently, the fundamental components, the semiotic values of the magazine, the instances of mediation between two spaces, the types of valorisation, the cognitive operations linked to the body, the clothing, the passional motions, make it possible to establish the showcase as the instrument recognition even of a reading practice specific to media. To do this we have selected some of the first covers we have analyzed that have served us to present the common magazine life form showcase
Garcia, Guillaume. „Les causes des « sans » à l’épreuve de la médiatisation : la construction médiatique des mobilisations sociales émergentes : enjeux et perspectives“. Paris 9, 2005. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2005PA090072.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAssuming on the fact that the analysis of the interactions between social movements and media, however essential to the comprehension of the processes of social problems construction, was until now a peripheral object of interest, this work proposes to deal with these problems starting from the study of the relations between “low resources groups” and TV journalists. On the basis of pluri-methodological and comparative ground investigations, this dissertation proposes to question the forms of mediatic politisation or depolitization of the homeless persons, the illegals immigrants and the unemployed people causes, in the context of the neoliberal and repressive evolutions of the Welfare state. While applying from a critical point of view the framing analysis perspective, this research opens with a range of topics returning as well to the contemporary transformations of the practices of journalism or the militancy as to the effects of media information on the audience
Combessie, Philippe. „Quatre prisons dans leur environnement : étude d'écologie sociale“. Paris 8, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA080903.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThrough a socio-anthropological approach of four prisons and placed in their historical background, the relationship between prisons and their environment bearts the mark of the tensions which divide their social functions between a pragmatic axis (keeping back, custody) and a axis (making amends and restoration) invested with a legitimizing role. For not having been ideologically considered, their primary function (security) gives prisons a stigma wich is to be put in parallel with that which punishes inmates. The way of dealing with this shame which marks the jaim and its agents (in terms of neighbourhood relationship, economy and social integration) demonstrates the development around each jail of a "sensitive zone" structured by these social realtionships. Then a specific analysis of each prisons shows how, whether it be located in a rural or urban area, whether the urban population be middle class or upper-middle class and according to the date of its creation, different types of influences find themselves in a powerful position within each prison "humanitarian" (or socioeducational) in a more affluent background, "security oriented" in the case of a historical and ruraly situated penitentiary, administrative for a large prison in a middle class environment and more managerial with a recent prison whose manager concentrates the power all the better as his employees haven't got local support yet and as he can find backing in a rural and poor environment wich can "benefit" from the prison. Therefore prisons can appear less impenetrable to the surrounding social ecosystem than the walls around their inmates, owing to both the existence of this "sensitive zone" (a defensive reaction of the environment to the prison) and to the interaction of each environment on each prison
Tardif, Carole. „Contribution à l'étude des interactions observées dans des dyades adulte-enfant autiste“. Paris 5, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA05H007.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis study is centred on difficulties in communication and in social interactions in autistic children, which are the primary symptoms of this syndrome. The general objective is to try to specif the difficulties in social relationship between an autistic child and a normal adult in a semi-structured play situation. This study will detected the patterns of interactions between the two partners and to see if these patterns are susceptible to modifications relative to time and treatment
Hariri, Nizar. „Une approche critique du capital social : "travail" et "interaction" dans la théorie sociale“. Aix-Marseille 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX10045.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAllard-Poesi, Florence. „Nature et processus d'emergence des représentations collectives dans les groupes de travail restreints“. Paris 9, 1997. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1997PA090018.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWhat does a collective representation in organizations consist in? What are its proprieties, its nature, its content and forms compared to individual representations? And how does it emerge from the supposedly different representations held by organizational members? The cognitive, the socio-cognitive and weick's approaches held different positions regarding these questions. In this research, 3 case studies are used to test some aspects of these theoretical perspectives, and to elaborate new hypotheses on the notion of collective representation. They consist in the study of the cognitive development of small groups working on safety at the workplace in the long run in a french paper plant. Each groups members' representations before and after the group work as well as all groups discussions were collected, analyzed and confronted. The results: - infirm a conception of collective representation as shared beliefs in organizations; - corroborate a socio-cognitive perspective of collective representations as emerging constructions during the group interactions, whose content and working rules depend on the socio-cognitive dynamics taken place between group members; - underline the key role of the conflict negotiation processes in these dynamics, which depent more particularly on the initial hererogeneity of group members' representations, their involvement in the task, the group composition, and the presence of active minorities in the group; - show that a collective representation resulting from a true collaboration between group members, is manifested in a more similar structuring of individual representations after the group work, and in the elaboration of transverse interpretations of the problems discussed during the meetings; - underline the key role of the thinking mode during the interactions, and this calls for an enlarged conception of the decision work in groups
Gandonnière, Pierre. „La construction médiatique de Vaulx-en-Velin : pour une écologie de l'inforamation“. Lyon 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LYO31007.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePauchet, Alexandre. „Modélisation cognitive d'interactions humaines dans un cadre de planification multi-agents“. Paris 13, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA132017.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMbanza, Edgar Charles. „Vie sociale des objets communicationnels dans les marges : une ethnographie de l'ordinaire des technologies de communication dans les bidonvilles de Kibera (Nairobi) et Pikine (Dakar)“. Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0022.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWhat we call daily media (mobile phone, television and internet in this case) in African urban ghettos is a wonderful research subject for those who are interested in mutations of media communication. It also allows us to explain in new ways the dialectic imbrication of technology and society. Using an approach based on ethnographie immersion in the life of people, and comparing two sites located in the slums of Kibera (Nairobi) and Pikine (Dakar), our research generally focuses on the integration of those marginalized actors into the technological modernity. More than half of urban Africa nowadays lives in slums; and if it is often argued that the urban poor are those who are the most affected by the "digital divide", or conversely, that they are some inventive"bricoleurs"(digital do-it-yourselfers), there are few empirical works that explore the "arts of doing" and the modes of presence of those technologies in the environments of live. How technocommunicationals objects, whose properties and circulation patterns significantly have changed over the last years, do fit in the "moral economy" of survival context? Is there or not an emergence of a "milieu (médiatique) associé" presented as a space of participation and sharing, unlike previous generations of technologies? This work recalls the urgent need to relocate the marginalized players in the center of the analysis of contemporary culture. It also invites us to overcome the "Great Divide" in our ways of thinking about the relation between local and global, production and reception, individual and collective, private and public, etc
Pesenti, Aurore. „Pratiques langagières familiales, transmission des langues et des parlers : approche sociopragmatique de ce dire dans l'interaction enquêteur-enquêté“. Amiens, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AMIE0001.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTaché, Emmanuelle. „Evaluation de la cognition sociale en situation d'interaction dans le traumatisme crânien“. Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0054/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSocial cognition, i.e. the ability to attribute mental states to others and to identify emotions, is often impaired in various pathologies, such as traumatic brain injury (TBI). This ability is traditionally assessed with “paper-and-pencil” tasks that do not involve the participant in a social interaction situation. However, social cognition is central in our daily social interactions, as it helps us understand others’ speech and behavior. Thus, in this study, we assessed mental state attribution and emotion recognition abilities of TBI participants, using tasks that involve the participant in a communication situation (referential communication task and EViCog task). The EViCog task (social cognition evaluation in virtual interaction), designed for this research, provides audio-visual conversations with virtual humans, which express emotions and produce speech requiring mental state inference. The results showed that the difficulties of the TBI participants were even more important for the task in interaction situation (EViCog task) compared to traditional tasks in paper-and-pencil format. Moreover, in interaction situation, social cognition performance seemed to rely on mnemonic abilities (autobiographical memory and context memory), and on executive functions, while for traditional tasks, performances were only explained by some executive abilities
Jallouli-Sellami, Senda. „Le biais domestique dans le choix de portefeuille : Effets des interactions sociales“. Paris 9, 2008. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2008PA090027.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn recent years, several reforms have been made to reinforce financial markets integration. Thus, in response to gradual lifting of various restrictions on international capital flows, funds should be assigned between capital markets proportionally to their market capitalization. However, international lack of diversification among investors is persistent. The strong preference for domestic equities is called the equity home bias puzzle. Various attempts have been made to explain this puzzle but still non-conclusive. Our objective is to provide insight into the observed equity home bias phenomenon by introducing a new explanation, namely, social interaction. A “social” investor finds markets more attractive when more of his peers have already invested in. After asking, in the first part, the problem of home bias and provided the traditional explanations of this phenomenon, we use, in the second part, herding behavior models to analyze the impact of French mutual fund herding on portfolio choice. In the third part, we use economic literature on social interactions to model the impact of these interactions on international mutual funds choice. The results show that social interaction may largely explain the international portfolios under diversification
Zerhouni, Oulmann. „Processus automatiques dans la formation d'attitudes implicites vis à vis de l'alcool : études expérimentales de l'effet de l'exposition incidente à l'alcool dans les médias“. Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAH040/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis focuses on the influence of alcohol sport sponsorship and alcohol consumption in movies on implicit attitudes towards alcohol. Few researches have focused on the mediating psychological mechanisms between exposure to alcohol promotion in media and long-term consumption. Our hypothesis is that evaluative conditioning through affect misattribution mediatizes the effect of exposure to alcohol stimuli on implicit attitudes toward alcohol. The effect of two other automatic processes (i.e. mere exposure effect, association with the self) are also studied. Two studies (1 and 2) were led to test an induction that (i) impairs controlled processes and (ii) maximizes affect misattribution by inhibiting attentional control in an evaluative condition paradigm. Three studies on alcohol sponsorship were then led in which we found a main effect of on implicit attitudes (studies 3 and 5). A mere exposure effect was observed in the study 5, but we found no convincing evidence for evaluative conditioning (study 4). However, we found an evaluative conditioning effect in two studies on alcohol consumption in movies and TV shows which was shown to be independent from association with the self (study 6), as well as relying on controlled processes (study 7). Overall, sponsorship effects on implicit attitudes seems to occur via a mere exposure effect, while alcohol portrayals in movies seems to impact implicit attitudes toward alcohol through evaluative conditioning and association of alcohol with the self
Leite, Julieta Maria de Vasconcelos. „Médiations technologiques dans la ville : de l'expérience de l'espace urbain aux formes d'interactions sociales hybrides“. Paris 5, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA05H035.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe increasing use of information and communication technologies in everyday life creates a new spatial configuration inseparable from new forms of relationships. This thesis is a contribution to understand the character of this reconfigured space and the modalities of social interactions established by the use of digital technologies articulating experiences between physical and virtual spaces. Theoretical notions about the sense of place and augmented urban space reveal the new forms of urban experience created by the use of digital technologies integrated to socio-spatial dynamics. These forms of urban experience are described and illustrated by a qualitative analysis of cases, which demonstrates the mediation of technology on the perception of space and on social interactions
Sow, Oumou. „La langue pulaar en France : variation des pratiques et des formes dans les interactions familiales“. Paris 5, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA05H036.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePulaar continues to be a well-transmitted immigrant language in France. However, a closer look at Pulaar forms and usage during family interactions shows marked generational variations. This stems naturally from differences in the language use of Pulaar immigrants from different geographical regions, who seek out suitable settlement sites in France based on relational networks. Earlier generations who migrate straight from villages and settle into ethnic communities tend to maintain an older and more archaic form of Pulaar. Newer immigrants from cities speak a more modernized form of Pulaar. Even then, the varieties of Pulaar spoken by older immigrants or members of the Kawtal Association - an association for the defense of the Pulaar language in France - are distinguishable from varieties in use in these speakerrs' regions of origin. In fact, contact with new realities on the ground lead to a different evolution of Pulaar in France. Notable in new Pulaar forms are neologisms, archaisms and semantic shifts
Ton, That Nguyen Khac Thiem. „Direction culturelle-idéologique et transition sociale: essai sur les rôles des médias imprimés dans les luttes hégémoniques au Vietnam, 1860-1975“. Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213575.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLhopitallier, Cyril. „Rôle de l'acétylcholine préfrontale dans les comportements sociaux“. Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UPASL043.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn the animal world, rodents, like all other mammals, interact constantly with their congeners. Interacting socially consists in choosing between several options that take into account the individual's own internal state and the prediction of the possible reactions of its conspecifics. Therefore, social interactions can serve as a model for decision making. The prefrontal cortex is a key structure of decision making in social, as well as in non-social, context. Previous studies in the laboratory have shown that the cholinergic modulation of the nicotinic receptors in the prefrontal cortex -PFC- underlies decision-making processes in social interactions. Nevertheless, these studies don't allow us to determine the precise role of acetylcholine in the PFC because they were obtained in mice showing alterations in other neurotransmitter levels. Moreover, our team and others showed that vocal ultrasonic communication, modulated by the cholinergic/dopaminergic balance, is an important element of adult mice social interactions, without its exact role being known yet.In this context, the aim of my PhD is to understand the effect of the cholinergic modulation in the prefrontal cortex in social behaviors and to investigate which behavioral parameters are particularly controlled by this neuromodulator. To this aim, we used ChAT-IRES-Cre mice expressing the cre recombinase in cholinergic neurons which, as we show in this work, display healthy social and vocal communication phenotypes. Coupled with optogenetic activation or inhibition of acetylcholine release specifically form cholinergic terminals in the prefrontal cortex, the use of varied behavioral tests has allowed for several new results: 1) Modulation of prefrontal cholinergic innervation doesn't change the motivation for investigating congeners. 2) acetylcholine release decreases dominance and increases social approaches and emission of high frequency USV, whereas inhibition of acetylcholine release decreases dominance and increases social approaches but decreases USV frequency. 3) Synchronization of USV and social behaviors don't allow associating their emission to a specific behavior, strengthening the idea that these vocalizations transmit global information of the emotional state of the animal. 4) Cholinergic modulation within the PFC triggers a more frequent interruption of social contact by the no stimulate congener, a behavior that may reveal a reaction to the perception of an inappropriate social interaction and vocal communication from the stimulated mouse.These results, associated with the literature data, allows hypothesizing that the cholinergic modulation in the prefrontal cortex plays a fulcrum role in the integration of several social parameters perceived by the interacting congeners. Their integration leads to the construction of adapted social decisions. Ach in the prefrontal cortex plays a predominant role in the local liberation of other neurotransmitters such as dopamine, serotonin, noradrenaline , GABA, glutamate… by the nicotinic receptors distributed on all cellular compartments, and allows the maintenance of the excitatory/inhibitory balance in the prefrontal cortex, which has made its study delicate until now. The result obtained during my PhD shows, for the first time, the determinant and specific role of prefrontal acetylcholine in social cognition, independently of other neurotransmitters, a function largely altered in brain pathologies
Guerrier, Alain. „Complémentarité du langage verbal et du langage non-verbal dans la reformulation : une stratégie pour combler un "blanc de compréhension" en classe?“ Bordeaux 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR21343.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWhen a teacher gives an instruction, it can happen that one or other pupil fails to understand it, through a moment of inattention for which there can be many causes. Nevertheless the pupil wishes to follow the lesson. He therefore turns to another pupil in the private hope that he will be able to hear the whole instruction again, or at least those parts that were missed. As discreetly as possible, he attempts to attract his neighbour’s attention. There follows an exchange in which words and gestures will result in the given task being resumed by both the helper and the helped. Both parties had the intention of successfully concluding what they had undertaken, even if their objectives were quite different. This study tries to identify the requirements for successful reformulation by showing the close relationship between verbal and non-verbal language, the latter substituting sometimes for the former in the interest of efficacy. The method of analysis used is based on the theory of pertinence - deriving from pragmatics - and observations were carried out in classes of sixième (1st year secondary school) and CM2 (final year primary school), during french, mathematics, history and geography lessons. These observations have allowed analysis of the behaviour and discourse of the pupils involved. For it is not necessarily the case that any child who engages with another in class is simply doing so in order to chatter…
Maubrey, Régis. „Etude du röle des interactions socio-langagières dans la transmission de savoirs entre adultes : la situation de formation trans-culturelle en agriculture : cas de stagiaires africains“. Paris 8, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA081608.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCentelles, Laurie. „Comprendre une interaction sociale par le corps en action : contribution de mécanisme miroir et implication dans l'autisme“. Phd thesis, Université Victor Segalen - Bordeaux II, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00475673.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCentelles, Laurie. „Comprendre une interaction sociale par le corps en action : contribution du mécanisme miroir et implication dans l’autisme“. Bordeaux 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR21622.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBody language plays a major role in social communication. The overall aim of this thesis is to enlighten the contribution of the body in action in social interaction (SI) understanding. A developmental approach reveals the mechanisms responsible for the set-up of social abilities in children, who by nature are extensively social. In autism, a complex developmental disorder, on the contrary the social dimension is deeply affected. Our studies tackle the use of information carried by the body in action, in a social context in this pathology. The originality of our experimental paradigm relies on the use of human motion (HM), or point-light animations, that enable to isolate the social information carried by the body in action only. Subjects watched two actors engaged or not in a social interaction. A two-fold approach, behavioral and using fMRI, reveals the use and the set-up of motor simulation and questions its implication in autism. Children from 4- to 6-years of age and children with autism make use of visual information extracted from HM to understand SI, even though their performance does not reach those of adults. In adults, beyond the mentalizing network, we enlighten the importance of the mirror-neuron system for social cognition. In children, fMRI revealed the early functional recruitment of the inferior frontal gyrus, which is part of the mirror-neuron system, during the observation of social scenes. The general discussion establishes a tight link between the set-up of the mirroring system and the building of action representations. We also question the integrity of this process in autism. In conclusion, these studies bring to light the fundamental role of the mirroring mechanism in the social development of a child
Carcassonne, Rouif Marie. „Enonciation, mouvements et temporalités dans trois récits de vie recueillis en interaction“. Paris 5, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA05H034.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNarrators of life stories we have studied are persons with a behavior problem because they have been involved in recurring risky situations. Everyone of these narrators (a drug addict, an anorexic-bulimic and a delinquent) have been interviewed by different psychiatrists for research purposes. These life stories tend to reveal a coherence of the events experienced by the narrator. Beyond this coherence (or "directional temporality"), these narratives have been mainly characterized - by the fact they are relevant (full of explanations) - and by the atmosphere (or "affective temporality") which emerges from them. In order to emphasize these aspects, we have selected in every interview a certain amount of significant extracts (according to our opinion) describing a similar dominant affective temporality. These temporalities have emerged (1) from the comparison of the contents evocated distantly in the informant's language, (2) from certain characteristics of discursive movements conveying those contents. To be able to define these moves, we above all tried to account for the blend created by the different sub-genuses going from a "pure" narrative pole to a more explicite and/or evaluating pole. In these interviews, the narration of the events, the interpretation (explanation, justification) of these same events and the temporality (in its "directional" dimension and in its "affective" dimension) have appeared tightly but differently linked. This link, as a way of speach (or "style") has allowed the informants narrative "self" to be characterized. Therefore this "narrative self" has shown itself above all in the dicursive movements made by the subject in regard to the other language or in relation with his own language
Ditengou, Rockaya. „Politique, médias et développement : l'usage des technologies de l'information et de la communication (TIC) dans le cas du Gabon en Afrique centrale“. Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCD030/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGabon, a country of central Africa, has a population of about 1 500 000 inhabitants. TheGabonese economy relies mainly on its natural resources. Since the begining of 1990, this countryhas chosen a development plan, aiming at the diversification of its economic sectors. It is in thisperspective that the country pays a particular attention to ICT (Information and CommunicationTechnology) and to its intergration in the process of development. However, ICT poses a triplechallenge: that of know-how; social skills; and that of the preservation of the general interest. Asin the other french-speaking countries, Gabonese leaders have understood the strategic importanceof ICT in the future of Gabon. The fact remains that the use and appropriation of ICT can bebeneficial, if they are mastered and guided by a farsighted public policy,which is a greatopportunity for social cohesion and intergration. On the other hand, when this fails, it can bringabout additional inequalities. As a matter of fact, if the environment defined by ICT is that ofaccelerating change and structural performance, the difficulties are significant when it comes tothe adaptation and the appropriation of these tools by many people. This research is interested inthe conditions of a real social cohesion which would be fostered by ICT. This requires a politicalcontext which favours access to Information Technology in the largest sense. We are thereforefocusing our attention on the political structures
Dementhon, Agathe. „De la confiance aux représentations sociales : un nouvel éclairage théorique du concept de confiance : le cas de la confiance dans l'achat industriel“. Paris 10, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA100013.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLopez, Charles Carlos. „La convergence musicale entre les médias visuels et musicaux dans la création de la musique visuelle“. Thesis, Paris 8, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA080142/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHow can the musical convergence between sound and image, between audio en video, be achieved when working with digital technology? What is "musicable" in the visual domain? I suggest that the musical convergence is achieved through the use of technological devices that allow to 1) establish a certain degree of interaction between the musical and visual media, and 2) manipulate visual materials through an ensemble of compositional operations that are coherent with a given musical paradigm. On this basis, we suggest that what is "musicable" in the visual domain is the ensemble of visual variables that can be manipulated during the compositional process, to the extent in which they make musical sense. The research begins by identifying the historical context that set the conditions for the musical convergence between visual and musical media. We then present a multiple case study that is integrated by 12 works which belong different stages of the history of visual music. The study reveals the use of 41 methods to craft the musical convergence between visual and musical media. The final chapter presents an artistic demonstration of the use of the methods and concepts that emerged from our multiple case study. The conclusions present a synthesis of the results, a discussion of the interaction between theoretical and practical approaches, and my personal reflections on the pathways for future research in the field
Marie, Emmanuelle. „Lien de parenté, formes de sociabilité, pratiques téléphoniques : rôles et places du téléphone dans les modes de vie des "vieux" et des "jeunes"“. Paris 8, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA082133.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWith the help of eighty different interviews, this is an in-depth study of the different life-styles of people having taken early retirement and the one of students all living independently, and with different social habits the aim being to understand their different domestic telephone habits. The telephone is now looked utensil as an ordinary object used in all kinds of social fields. It is by analysing the process of appropriateness of a new innovating device used by two different generations : one having lived through the technical and social installing of the telephone and the other having born with it, though different social-historical contexts. That one can see the research dynamics within intergenerational perspectives and in a multigenerational society. Phoning habits cannot be understood independently and must be set alongside on one hand with other relational modes -ways of behaving when face to face and different epistolary exchanges- and on another hand with the interactive networks of getting acquainted with people and the social activities of the individual. The reconstruction of life styles and social links and the quest of status of these different people can help to understand the way in which they adapt when faced with social changes
Mottolese, Raphaëlle. „Rôle central de l’Ocytocine dans la neurophysiologie de la personnalité sociale : interaction avec la sérotonine et implication dans la pathologie de l’autisme“. Thesis, Lyon 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO10129/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleInteracting with others is crucial for human fitness. In the past decade, there has been a growing interest for oxytocin (OXT) and its implication in social behavior. In the first section of this work we show that peripheral and central concentrations of OXT are correlated. Peripheral and central OXT are also correlated with subjects’ extraversion and with the volume of amygdala and hippocampus, two brain regions important for the regulation of social behavior. Interestingly, we show that OXT intake increases the subjective perception of subjects’ sociability. These findings suggest that OXT can be considered a biomarker of social behavior, thus opening the possibility of using this hormone in the screening process of psychiatric disorder like Autism. In a second section, we focused on the central action of OXT and in particular its interaction with another neurotransmitter also essential for social behavior: the serotonin (5-HT). We assessed OXT effect on the central serotoninergic activity in healthy subjects using the Positon Emission Tomography (PET) thanks to a radiotracer ([18-F]MPPF) specific for the 5-HT1A receptors and known to be localised in brain regions important for social processing. Our results show that oxytocin administration increases MPPF binding potential (BP) in raphe nuclei, right amygdala, hippocampus and orbitofrontal cortex. Interestingly, Asperger patients showed a decrease in MPPF BP in these regions compared to controls. This difference disappeared after oxytocin. These results strengthen the role of oxytocin in social behavior and underline the therapeutic potential of this neuromodulator for psychiatric disorders implicating both serotonin and oxytocin dysfunctions
Marin, Léonie. „Les revendications médiatisées kanak“. Paris 8, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA083534.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis research aims to study the mediated claims of Kanak people from New Caledonia, an overseas collectivity of French in a process of self-determination. In its contemporary context, we define the notion of claim by analyzing its processes, which enable self-definition and self-representation. These new perspectives have created a dynamic of ideological political, social, economic and cultural confrontations, which contribute to social change. Since the late 1960s, with the advent of political parties' media, the mediatization of the forms of communication of Kanak people has evolved, due to a proliferation of claims and identification processes. In this perspective, a field survey in France and Oceania has allowed us to intersect an in situ ethnographic approach with a discursive analysis of mediated interactions on the Internet, covered by Communication Science. The complementarity of these approaches intends to contribute to the deepening of a digital anthropology. Within the Internet sphere, the appropriation of digital media devices, as well as the self-publishing of mediated interactions renew the individual communicational practices and generate debates. While these debates may give rise to conflicts, they may also become a favorable modality for intercultural exchange. In addition, contemporary communication tactics allow a renewal of the ways to participate individually and collectively, by creating new forms of social and political engagement
Canut, Emmanuelle. „Evolution de la syntaxe et de l'ancrage enonciatif dans des narrations d'enfants de moins de six ans. Interaction langagiere entre adulte, enfant et livre“. Paris 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA030159.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOuld, Mohamed El Moctar Salem. „Pauvreté et stratification sociale en Mauritanie : une analyse socio-économique de la persistance de la pauvreté dans les strates inférieures de la société“. Caen, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002CAEN0603.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBoully, Fabien Gardies André. „"Entre deux personnes" esthétique de la co-présence dans la quatrième période du cinéma de Philippe Garrel /“. Lyon : Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2004. http://demeter.univ-lyon2.fr:8080/sdx/theses/lyon2/2004/boully_f.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGurov, Boris. „Patterns actionnels et interactionnels dans la coopération bilatérale modélisée“. Aix-Marseille 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX10044.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe focus of our work i s the analytical exploration of bilateral models of cooperation. Tools of analysis are logical deduction and computer simulations on "prisonner's dilemma" and "stag hunt". From a methodological standpoint the dissertation is anchored in the "experimental" tradition of Pareto's action theorty. Considering the specificity of these models (binary choices), we argue in favor of the sociological legitimacy and usefulness of establishing strategic (interactionnal) patterns. Furthemore, we demonstrate the analytical utility of this operation of the different branches of the contemporary actionist and interactionnal perspective. We are particularly focused ont the demonstration of the value of such an aprroach in a weberien framework. Additionally, we must strongly emphasize that our experimental results robustly challenge the validity of Robert Axelrod's theory of cooperative behavior
Dupouët, Olivier. „Le rôle des interactions entre structures formelles et informelles dans la firme : une analyse en termes de communautés“. Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003STR1EC06.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePadilla, Villarreal Maria Beatriz. „Médiatisation et identification comme facteur dans l'irruption de la crise sociale : une analyse biculturelle de contenu de la presse écrite et modélisation“. Lyon 3, 2005. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/out/theses/2005_out_padilla_m.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGwinner, André. „Efficacité de l'interaction sociale entre pairs dans une tâche de construction de puzzles chez des enfants de 4-5 ans“. Nancy 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991NAN21003.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDelavière, Caroline. „La firme comme système de cognition : une approche constructiviste de la firme comme source d'apprentissage collectif et de connaissance“. Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2003. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2003/DELAVIERE_Caroline_2003.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn the past thirty years, industrialized countries have come through a radical change in their production system. Firms, for being key entities of capitalism, enjoy a central position in this evolution. This change influences economical realities and leads to the alteration of conceptual tools and especially to the understanding of a firm as a cognition system which may disrupt the whole economic science paradigm. In times of uncertainty, when temporality in phenomena becomes a major issue, systemic bounded rationality takes over and replaces individual substantive rationality. Thus, production turns into a common construction that relies on the learning ability combined to efficient routines which are the basis of a cognition organization - system
Pingault, Jean-Baptiste. „Les interactions sociales d'enfants de 1 à 4 ans dans les accueils parents-enfants : observations éthologiques dans l'Etat de Rio de Janeiro“. Paris 5, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA05H061.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleParents-children centres gather in the same place at the same time, partners coming from distinct spheres of socialization: a reference figure (mother or nanny), professionals, unfamiliar adults and peers. In two centres in the state of Rio de Janeiro, social interactions of children from ages 1 to 4 years old were observed. The study focused on the way children differentiate the available partners and how interactions with a type of partner would interfere with interactions with another type of partner. The results are that in such intermediary places, a united interaction mode does not exist. Availability and proximity characterize the interactions with a figure of reference. Interactions with professionals are characterized by availability without proximity and, therefore, do not follow the paradigm of the attachment to the mother. Children do not behaviourally differentiate mothers from nannies. Interactions with peers vary with the spatial organization of the centre but are always characterized by the importance of conflicts. The interactive landscape proves to be complex and makes these centres ideal places of large socialization. Even if the interactions with the different partners are largely distinct and independent, the figure of reference interferes directly in the interactions with the other partners and especially in the control of agonistic behaviours with partners. More than a simple transposition of the way of interacting with the figure of reference to the way of interacting with other partners - as states the social learning theory - the figure of reference has a direct socializing influence on the agonistic interactions with partners
Laroche, Julien. „Le processus d’interaction comme attracteur dans la coordination temporelle entre les personnes“. Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LORR0365.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSocial interactions are mostly seen as information exchanges during which individual mental states follow each other. How could we, accordingly, be « toghether » and share a moment ? In this thesis, we took a perspective focused on the temporal coordinations of interpersonal behaviors as they occur in the course of interactions, by studying the phenomenon of embodied collective dynamics. Such dynamics manifest coordinates behaviors mutually and emerge from the interaction process itself. To evaluate this hypothesis, we devised three experimental paradigms. We used a general methodology in which three typical situations are distinguished : the individual situation in which participants possess all the capacities to pursue the goal of the task, a pseudo-social situation in which behavior can be coordinated to the mouvement of an other, and a situation in which the interaction is mutual. In the first experiment, we showed the mutuality of interaction was sufficient to induce participants, whose behaviors were caught in collective dynamics unbeknownst to them. Then, we showed that mutuality of interaction was enhancing the stability of rhythmic interactions as well as the complexity matching between their behaviors. Finally, we showed that, in despite of a temporary structured environment, mutuality of interaction induced a slight more coordinated temporal organization of behaviors. We discuss these results in respect of our object of research and our theoretical background
Chabout, Jonathan. „Rôle(s) des motivations naturelles dans la prise décision : bases neurobiologiques et comportementales“. Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00817491.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleScheller, Livia. „Elaborer l'expérience du travail : activité dialogique et référentielle dans la méthode des instructions au sosie“. Paris, CNAM, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003CNAM0509.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe core theme of our thesis is devoted to highlight how the working experience is elaborated. The instruction to one's double, which is a method of analysis applied to probe the subjective working activity, is the main object. The description given by a subject to a virtual double, supposedly taking his/her working place, leads this subject to make unconsciously lived through elaborated actions likely to be transmitted. Such a description gives access to the elaboration process thanks to the reconsidering of episodes that are written and accordingly commented afterwards. The purpose of the method is to help comprehend to what extent, by stimulating the subject's referential activity, the approach allows to bridge certain experimental schemata to words used by the subject to describe his/her own activity (1992, 1997). That is how the link established by Vygotsky (1934) between thought and speech is clinically investigated
Goujon, Aurélie. „Indices d'incompréhension et séquences de réparation dans l'interaction en face-à-face : une analyse multimodale“. Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0326.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this work, we focus on eyebrows movements in face to face interaction as a resource usedby one speaker to inform the other that there is an understanding problem. Our aim is to describethe interactional sequence in which this movement appears, and to describe the interactionaltrajectories used by the speaker to solve the misunderstanding that took place. Our work comeswithin the scope of Interactional Linguistics that recommend the study of the whole ofmultimodal resources without necessarily analysing them systematically.Our methodology comes from corpus linguistics, allowing us to perform a systematic analysisof these phenomena. This method consists in first annotating the eyebrows movements (raisingand frowning) that are produced as a response by the interlocutor in 3 different interactioncorpora. These movements annotations are performed manually first, and then automaticallythanks to the development of a tool that makes it possible to detect and automatically annotatethem. Then, the annotation of the different sequences that include an understanding problem ismade from pre- existing criteria from the literature (Weigand, 1999 ; Antaki, 2012).This work will allow a better understanding of the mechanisms of social interaction, taking allof the multimodal complexity that they imply into account. This study sheds light on the roleplayed by eyebrows movements as a practice to initiate understanding-problem sequences, andalso as a practice used as a disalignment and realignment cues during the aforementionedsequences
Biagini, Marta. „L'interprète en interaction dans les tribunaux. Une approche dialogique“. Thesis, Paris 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA030110.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOur research focuses on interpreter-mediated examinations as situated oral exchanges and discursive practices in a specific institutional context, i.e. the courtroom. In contemporary societies, among the various situations where interpreters act and dialogue in face-to face interactions, the judiciary context proves to be one of those institutional domains where highly formal and normative practices take place. Examinations are very coded exchanges. Starting from the hypothesis that the tension which develops between laws and norms at work in this frame and the discursive productions by speakers directly dialoguing and interacting, whose representations and goals may consistently differ, may have a double effect on the interpreter-mediated event, we further investigate how : some specific interactional and discourse patterns realize in a such ritualized and normative context, attempting to understand if they are typical of interpreter-mediated interactions in general or of the specific examinations we observe ; and speakers’ identities, institutional roles, their personal goals and the specific themes concerned have an influence on these practices, producing very peculiar and singular patterns of sense-making. Hence, focusing on face-to-face interpreting practices, the dialogical and discourse approach we adopt allows to take into account : from one side, what relates to the dialogal dimension of the interaction, pertaining to a dialogue between two (or more) co-present interlocutors and the definitions of their identities, from what pertains to the dialogical one, having to do with dialogism or dialogicality in the more abstract senses. Given that understanding is related to responding, interpreters are seen as speakers actively involved in dialogue. The ways speakers leave traces of their presence in the utterances they produce, while they’re doing the interacting, and, particularly, the way in which the interpreter’s presence is sensed through thar interlinguistic reformulation of the other’s words which is translation gives access to the way in which sense-making is jointly created in the framework of a highly ritualized activity type such as examinations in the courtroom. In the end, interpreted-mediated examinations may be thought of as changing practices on a more/less continuum, going from : the cases where the interpreter translates as a reporter using the 1st person, using linguistics strategies allowing him/her to assume full responsibility for the words uttered without showing it; to all those cases of variation on the expected pattern which, at different degrees, let emerge his/her presence in the interpreting process; to the production of discourses for which s/he is entirely responsible, acting as a an autonomous speaker. These collectively constructed events may therefore suggest that there is a dynamic relation between expected practices in the discourse context and their actual realization. Interpreter-mediated examinations prove to be per se speech events, namely very specific exchanges with their often hybrid dynamics, within which all interlocutors - including the interpreter – dialogically contribute to understanding and to the creation of meaning
Buchs, Céline. „Interdépendance des ressources dans les dispositifs d'apprentissage entre pairs, menaces des compétences et dépendance informationnelle : vers des processus médiateurs et modérateurs“. Grenoble 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002GRE29018.
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