Dissertationen zum Thema „Intégration mondiale“
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Ahmed, Youra Ould Imame. „Dynamique de l'économie mondiale et intégration régionale“. Orléans, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ORLE0002.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe thesis studies the relationships between the recent transformations of the world economy and the regional integration motions. It is developed into two parts: - the first one shows the different regional integration experiments between developed countries and developing countries, and makes an analysis of the difficulties of their insertion in the main theories of international economy. - the second one tries to settle an original conception of the integration phenomenon using the space analysis and the regulation theory, before comparing the two experiments which are the European economic community and the west Africa economic community
Vinokurov, Evgueny. „L'enclave russe de Kaliningrad : spécificité territoriale et intégration à l'économie mondiale“. Grenoble 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007GRE21035.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAs the Soviet Union broke up, Kaliningrad suddenly found itself separated from mainland Russia by new frontiers. Since then, a dramatic trade opening has occurred, and regional trade and production have undergone profound changes. Kaliningrad has experienced a major shift in its economic orientation towards the tertiary sector and a new industrial orientation based on its position as an intermediary in EU-Russian trade. In short, that is what this thesis is about: the present and future economic development of this Russian enclave during its integration into the world economy, its place in the international division of labor and into the Russian-EU economic interface. Exogenous factors acquire an exceptional importance. Foreign trade plays a vital role as Kaliningrad is integrated with the European economy. At the same time, as an integral part of the Russian Federation, the region develops close ties with the economy of the Russian mainland. Exogenous processes, such as the EU enlargement and Russia's accession to the WTO, intervene as economic shocks with a significant impact on the trade flows. The major phenomenon relative to the economic development of the region is its enclave status. The territorial specificity of the region demands innovative approaches as concerns the regional economic specialization. Advancement of the regime of economic integration with the surrounding states, all along with upholding the economic ties with the mainland, is a prerequisite of successful economic development policies
Diep, Qué Anh. „Le Viet-Nam : à la recherche de son intégration dans l'économie mondiale“. Nice, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000NICE0044.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleVu, Manhchien. „Tourisme, croissance et intégration dans l'économie mondiale : les apports du concept de développement durable“. Phd thesis, Université du Sud Toulon Var, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00257238.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleVu, ManhChien. „Tourisme, croissance et intégration dans l'économie mondiale : les apports du concept de développement durable“. Toulon, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00257238/fr/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMeye, Arsène Ludovic. „L' intégration à l'economie mondiale et les perspectives du système monétaire et financier en Afrique centrale“. Nice, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NICE0027.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe world economy is in constant mutation since the begining of the 70' s with the end of a model which has allowed the past "30 glorious" years and the abandoning of the Bretton Woods monetary system issue. This worlds mutation seens to be speeding up at this dawn of the 3rd millénium, notably because the world industrial economic recomposition, the growing flexibility of the change value and the appearance of a new dynamic environment is due for the 21st century with it's own pros. And cons. Also, in this new world context, fundamentally unstable, can the Central African countries beleave in the opportunity to experience a strong development? Surely! Those countries can experiment a new impusion of their development, by regional integration on "second best", but priveleging an individual insertion. On the other hand, those countries have all the opportunities to experience a new dynamic development if they integrate in this economic growth, that is the overall growth. They have the possibilities of registering in new world monetary doctrine, by their monetary flexibility, which means the creation of national monies in their ondividual countries. Finally, they have all opportunities of really knowing the development, by proceeding in a structural mutation of their economy, and abandoning their primary specificity for a solid economy of production
Yapi, Koffi. „L' intégration institutionnelle des états africains dans le système commercial multilatéral : l'organisation mondial du commerce (OMC)“. Reims, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007REIMD009.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe author deels with institutional integration of African states in the WTO. He wounded how can African countries have an acting role in the process of the WTO in order to make profits and contribute to their development. They rules of the WTO are irriguated by a main principe: no discrimination. But, because of the inequalities in the level development of the WTO members, this principle can’t be applied erga omnes. This result on an institution based on mechanism of integration including solidarity. In practice, competition is distorted, and poor states don’t have advantages compared to big countries. Moreover, the paralysis of the negotiations with WTO is due mainly to the inflexibility of the developed countries on the agricultural subsidies in particular. It is not thus a question for the African countries to make figuration as it was the case with GATT, but to use their multilateral frameworks in order to make account their specificities and benefit from the globalisation. The trade, while being an instrument of development is not the only factor. That why, the necessity for the African countries to proceed moreover, with structural interne reforms, like with the reinforcement of the interafrican regional cooperation
Tahiri, Wafâa. „Contribution à l'étude de la restructuration industrielle mondiale : vers un modèle d'intégration des pays en développement à cette restructuration“. Toulouse 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986TOU10020.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleA worldwide industrial reorganization, in answer to the evolution of the comparative advantages encourages the economic growth but we cannot speak of a real reorganization without a real contribution of the developing countries to the process some obstacles hinder the realization of a better integration of the third world to the industrial reorganization and by detecting them it is more easy to contend with : a deficiency of money and problems of debts, technological deficiency, a wrong orientation of resources, protectionism of the developed countries are so many barriers to the industrialization of the developing countries and consequently so many barriers to their contribution to the reorganization phenomenon. These barriers must be reduced by the whole international community : it is what emerges from our proposals related to a pattern of integration of the developing countries to the process of a worldwide industrial reorganization
Nguyen, Tien Vinh. „Les problèmes juridiques de l'intégration des pays en développement au système commercial multilatéral de l'OMC : la cas du Vietnam“. Paris 7, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA070024.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe WTO is both an international organization and a set of agreements defining the rules of the international trade. Integration into the WTO means integrating the contemporary multilateral trading system, which is necessary and irreversible for developing countries. However, this integration raises many challenges and difficulties. The institutional integration of developing countries is reflected in the fact that they benefit primarily from the status of membership in the WTO. Furthermore, it is important that they should participate effectively in the process of decision making and its dispute settlement system. Material integration in the WTO requires developing countries to ensure that their own national rules and business practices conform to relevant WTO rules. In particular, it also requires these countries to take advantage of opportunities created by the implementation of these rules to meet their own specific needs and interests. The choice of Vietnam as example can decline the subject into three main parts: the first deals with the process of accession, the second is the implementation of the WTO agreements and the third addresses the question of participation in the operation and dispute settlement system of the WTO
Sangare, Fassory. „Les conflits commerciaux et l'organisation mondiale du commerce : l'apport de l'analyse multi disciplinaires“. Paris 13, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA131003.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe globalisation is based up on the development of world’s exchange, foreign direct investments, financial development and intensive utilisation from news technologies of information and communication. Nevertheless, it is provoking international trade conflicts: banana conflict, steal conflict, antidumping measures, subsides. This research uses many methodologies in order to know the origins of trade wars, then to discuss the judicial solutions chosen by World Trade Organization for toning down the rise of commercial conflicts. Games theory (prisoner’s dilemma) appears like an appropriate tool for explaining trade wars particularly when States use commercial strategic policy and protectionism’s measures. We also used an econometrics model (VAR MODEL) for an assessment: it reveals that trade wars infer negative impacts on United States economy. World Trade Organization disputes settlement mechanism is so efficient than the old GATT’s procedure. Equally, States must negotiate during the conflict in order to find a good agreement. This solution corresponds to Nash equilibrium. When the power of negotiation is the same, two big countries can take mutually retaliation measures before to conclude an agreement. But poor’s countries should build a coalition for defending their interests
Sinapi, Christine. „Crises financières et gouvernance mondiale : intégration financière des économies émergentes et crises d'illiquidité : une analyse en termes de fragilité financière internationale“. Dijon, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009DIJOE006.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis dissertation offers an analysis of emerging economies financial crises. It aims to explain the following observation: at the end of the 1990’s, the development of international financial integration in emerging economies coincided with an increase of their financial instability, taking the form of systemic liquidity crises with sudden stops. The analysis of this relationship is inspired from Minsky’s financial fragility concept and from the so-called “third generation” crisis models. International financial integration includes two distinctive components: the first is the de facto financial integration (increase in transnational capital flows); the second is the de jure financial integration, which refers to financial liberalization policies. The potential effects of these two elements are examined successively. In emerging economies, de facto integration has been accompanied by an increase in international capital flows (capital surge) and an increase in the part of portfolio investments. The first hypothesis is that this may constitute a form of international financial fragility. In this context, such fragility appears as a necessary condition to a systemic liquidity crisis and may be sufficient to trigger liquidity problems including endogenous sudden stops. The second hypothesis is that de jure financial integration may be the source of an institutional fragility, the effect of which is to encourage the development of financial fragility and thus the risk of a crisis. The concept of institutional fragility is inspired from Minsky's latest researches, of which an interpretation and extension is proposed. The results from this theoretical analysis are illustrated by the cases of 1990’s emerging economies' crises. To conclude, some perspectives regarding international financial governance directly derive from this analysis, which should lead to further research
Amara-Abbas, Neïla. „Le petit pays ouvert face à la régionalisation de l'économie mondiale : le cas de la Suisse et de l'intégration européenne“. Paris 9, 1994. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1994PA090052.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMichel, Laëtitia. „Fuite, expulsion, intégration : le sort des populations allemandes originaires des anciens territoires orientaux du Reich au lendemain de la Seconde Guerre mondiale“. Lille 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL30000.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe escape and the expulsion of the German population from East Brandenburg, East Pomerania, East Prussia and Silesia at the end of the Second World War belongs to the history of the forced deportation that happened in Europe in the 20th century. In the fall of 1944 a fraction of the German population decided to flee from the approaching Red Army. During the Potsdam conference in the summer of 1945 the Allies decided to separate the empire from its eastern region and authorized the forced deportation of the German population. The refugees and displaced people integrated themselves in their homeland. The Federal republic of Germany implemented a policy of integration, while the German Democratic Republic implemented a policy of assimilation. This new population contributed to the economic growth of post war Germany. The expulsion and refugee organizations however enabled the case of integration for this new population. They were, however, through the representation of the displaced people a possible source of the return of irredentism in Europe. This study does not limit itself to the analysis of the causes and organization of the forced deportation of the German population, it analyses the different political integrations practices of the Federal German Republic and Democratic German Republic as well. After Germany came to terms with Nazism, the crimes of the Second World War, and ushered in the new Eastern Policy, the study shows that Germany can honor its own victims of the Second World War. The memory of the escape and expulsion is a part of the German identity
Mestre, Zhou Yang. „Effets de l’intégration financière mondiale des marchés boursiers chinois (1990-2018) : Volatilité et synchronisation des bourses de ShangHai et ShenZhen“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Montpellier (2022-....), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UMOND011.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe international integration of China's stock markets has particularly intensified following the rapid development of the Chinese economy in the early 2000s. The Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges are now global financial centers, whereas in the early 1990s they were initially highly segmented and closed to foreign investment. The emergence of mainland Chinese stock exchanges thus raises many questions about the reforms implemented and the consequences on their degree of international integration. This thesis studies the consequences of this process of opening up on the evolution of relations between Chinese markets and the main world markets.Chapter 1 presents the process of reforms to open up China's economy and financial sphere. The objective is to contextualize this long process in order to identify major and structuring reforms of the current financial system. We retain that the opening process is not instantaneous and does not follow a pre-established plan. On the contrary, it is progressive, gradual and not homogeneous in its applications. This characteristic is reflected in a series of major structural reforms introduced in the 2000s to serve a new economic paradigm oriented towards international trade. Foreign investment, although initially highly controlled and confined to certain share classes, will see a gradual easing of restrictions as the continental financial and banking system gains its skills. To this end, Hong Kong, by its special status and its liberal system, is a cornerstone for more flexible measures on foreign investment in continental places.Chapter 2 is an analysis focusing on the changing relationship between mainland Chinese stock markets and the Hong Kong stock exchange. The objective is to assess the effects of the various opening-up reforms on relations between mainland Chinese markets (Shanghai and Shenzhen) and the Hong Kong market between 1993-2017. A wavelet time-frequency approach is used to study the intensity of co-movements between the Shanghai, Shenzhen and Hong Kong indices over time and for different cycles (short, medium and long) while indicating the predominance of one index over another. The results show that the level of long- and short-term correlation between mainland markets and Hong Kong has tended to increase at different rates. It appears, however, that the influence of mainland markets on Hong Kong increases after the reform, but Hong Kong still affects them strongly, especially in times of crisis and in the long term.While Chapter 2 deals with the role of Hong Kong, Chapter 3 finally examines the evolution of relations between Shanghai and the world's major markets. We pay particular attention to the evolution of the correlation between the different indices in order to analyse the consequences of the easing of foreign investment restrictions. We use multivariate GARCH models (DCC-GARCH) to calculate a dynamic correlation coefficient as well as a sensitivity parameter between different selected indices. It appears that China's mainland markets are more closely linked to Hong Kong and Japanese stock markets after 2007, confirming Hong Kong and Japan's key role as regional financial powerhouses. Similar developments, but with less intensity, are notable for the Shanghai-UK and Shanghai-Europe correlation. We note a different result regarding the links with the US index. The correlation is more stable and does not show a significant break in 2007, which tends to confirm a pioneering role in the integration process as a world leader
Buga, Natalia. „Les diasporas comme ressources d'intégration dans l'économie mondiale“. Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00647166.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDaff, Amadou Talla. „Des Toucouleurs originaires de la vallée du fleuve Sénégal dans la région parisienne depuis la fin de la Seconde Guerre Mondiale“. Paris 13, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA131018.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRazaranaina, Nomenirina. „Vers l’abandon du traitement préférentiel des pays en développement dans le cadre du système commercial multilatéral“. Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100229.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThere are two categories of State actors in the multilateral commercial system. On first hand, developed countries are at the origin of the most part of the proposals of the juridical texts having led to the GATT of 1947 and to the creation of the WTO in 1994. On the other hand, developing countries which demanded the institution of a preferential treatment: a policy aiming at considering their delay of development. This measure did not bring concrete, permanent and visible, economic development with a majority of Developing countries. This is why, the idea relating to the abandonment of preferential regime seems appropriate. As part of the negotiations of the Doha Development Agenda, developing countries do have not any more interest in demanding the strengthening of SDT. The multilateral trades have to be based on a North/South partnership and the development of the incorporation of developing countries within the different regional commercial blocks. The evolution of localism allows so to acquire an uniform multilateral commercial system compounding with the objective of WTO
Couet, Marc-Antoine. „Les contre-mesures à l'OMC : évaluation de la compatibilité du système de représailles économiques avec la réalité contemporaine du commerce international“. Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/36682.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWith respect to the settlement of trade disputes, the establishment of the World Trade Organization (WTO) is marked by the establishment of a dispute settlement system that is more focused on the rule of law. Such legalization of the dispute settlement mechanism has, however, not led to any changes in the paradigm of the mechanism for implementing the recommendations and rulings of the Dispute Settlement Body (DSB). Indeed, the WTO has so far maintained in substance the GATT 1947 principle; when the complaining party identifies the failure of the respondent to comply with the DSB's recommendations and rulings within the reasonable period of time allowed for implementation and the former cannot come to a solution mutually acceptable with the latter on the granting of compensation, the complainant’s sole remedy becomes the use of countermeasures. However, during the same period, international trade underwent a radical metamorphosis: the phenomenon of international fragmentation of the production processes of goods and services has expanded dramatically. This master’s thesis proposes an analysis of the institution of countermeasures at the WTO in the light of these changes that have recently affected the world economy as well as recent developments in the field of economics. Building on an approach that engages both legal science and economics, the thesis demonstrates that the countermeasures system is not adapted to the reality of international trade in the 21st century. In light of these findings, the study critically explores the various suggestions for changing the implementation stage of trade disputes and suggests an institutional reform that may take place within the current legal framework. Key words: Dispute Settlement – Multinational Enterprises – International Trade – Global Value Chains – Economic Integration
Santander, Sébastian. „Le nouveau régionalisme dans l'économie politique mondiale: le développement du MERCOSUR face à la stratégie interrégionale de l'Union européenne et à la Zone de libre-échange des Amériques“. Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210768.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDoctorat en sciences politiques
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Feng, Shujie. „L' intégration du droit de l'OMC touchant à la propriété intellectuelle dans l'ordre juridique interne : étude comparée franco-chinoise concernant le droit des brevets“. Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010268.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSato, Shunsuke. „Civic Integration Policy in Europe between Politics and Law. Diversity within Convergence“. Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/277203.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDoctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales
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Lee, Kyung-Il. „Les Italiens de la Villette : tendances et résistance à l'intégration durant l'entre-deux-guerres et la Seconde Guerre mondiale : une exploitation systématique des sources statistiques disponibles“. Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0177.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis dissertation has analyzed the changes that took place in the Italian community of La Villette between the beginning of 1930, when the flow of the Italian immigration grew weaker, and the days which followed the Second World War. We have tried to reconstitute what the process of the replacement of members had been, from one census to the other over three census, tracing back what were the displacements at the scale of the individuals. Thanks to this work, we become able to characterize the development of the process of stabilization of the Italians through this period. It was then possible for us, by an analysis of the observable relations between the displacements of the individuals and the characteristics of these individuals, to discern what kind of influence these characteristics had on the displacements and vice versa, at the scale of the whole community. In fact, this is the displacements as well as the evolution of the characteristics of these individuals that could be then explained at the scale of the community, if we put them in touch with the pre-experiences and the post-experiences at this scale. Thus, we were able to observe, in a systematic way, what were the various aspects of the stabilization and the integration which took then place, by relating in the study of this community qualitative difference on the one hand and quantitative relation on the other. This local study also suggests certain hypothesis which can have a value at the national scale with regard to the diminution of the number of the Italians during the Second World War, taking account the fact that the number of the returns to Italy appears, at La Villette, very outstanding
Haddad, Saïd. „Les integrations economiques regionales et le nouvel ordre mondial“. Paris 5, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA05D017.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis studies the political aspects of the regional economic integration zones. It studies also its effects on the international order. This thesis is divided in two main parts. The first part examines the economical and political scope which permits the creation of the zones and makes an analysis of main existing zones all around the world. The second part examines regionalism as a symbol of the new centrality of economic policy in foreing affairs. This thesis tries to analyse the implication of regionalism for the international order established since 1945 and attaches importance to the struggle for power and leadership between the united states, the european union and east-asia in the new world order
Zoubdi, Ahmed. „Les pays du Sud dans le système mondial : polarisation, compromis social, intégration internationale“. Paris 8, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA083150.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe existing capitalism is a global imperialist system. The polarization of wealth in the hands of a handful of countries to the detriment of the rest of the planet has produced two worlds, one dominant, the developed North and the other dominated, the developin South. History teaches that capitalism in the West, in its mercantilist phase was focused on the looting of the wealth of regions still pre-capitalist. These regions always have been for capitalism sort of reservoirs of raw materials and labor. These regions provide opportunities for primitive accumulation, which was the nerve center in the formation of an autonomous capitalism in the West. The development of capitalism in Europe will experience periodic crisis, flow of goods and recovery of capital. Thereby, monopoly capitalism will turn to the colonized countries for a solution to its crises where the multinational corporations will be the main vector in these operations. The emergence of the Third World after decolonization gave rise to the claims of this block for a new international economic order that fair trade is the watchword. These demands coincided with the triumph of the developmentalist ideology of the era of Bandung (1955) under the auspices of the national bourgeoisie which led attempts at industrialization, but in vain. With the crisis in the West in 1974 began the erosion of illusions of developmentalism in the third world for lack of not being able to build the foundations of a self-development by disconnecting the capitalist expansion, and because it had been also established democracy in all its forms. The early 1980s saw the outbreak of the debt crisis and the implementation of the structural adjustment program under the auspices of the IMF and the World Bank. Therapies proposed and led to the deadlock since the problems of the South can not be reduced to economic problems. The integration of the South to the global market, instead, exacerbated their bid for a permanent adjustment by addressing only the needs of the center of capitalism, robs them of any possibility of constructing independent nation states. If the transition of the South among the countries of the North is clearly blocked, it is not tied solely to the status quo but relates to the external factor which polarization immanent to capitalism as it now exists is the crucial aspect. Polarization means that the South are constantly subjected to permanent output values in the direction from the North in particular the under-remuneration of labor where the productivity of the latter is underpaid by international standards. The unequal exchange thus constitutes the backdrops in the North-South relationship. The polarization may also be referred to another record as the exclusion of the labor movement of international capital and goods by a chronic deterioration of terms of trade in developing countries and therefore a sectoral distortion. . The theorem of comparative advantage and its corollary the growth theory forwarded established as essential principles remain a sham. To overcome this impasse, the South needs the autonomy to mobilize its potential for development. Its autonomy must go through it disconnection from North capitalist without causing autarky. This requires integration into the global market in another way than that imposed today by the triad. This new status of the South in the global market is dependent on setting up a process of radical reforms (based on national and contained People) - prospects open for a socialist self-reliant development
Zignago, Soledad. „Mesures d'accès aux marchés mondiaux“. Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010082.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePhi, Minh Hong. „Déterminants de la causalité entre le développement financier et le commerce international“. Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMR067.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMajor changes in international trade related to the crucial participation of emerging countries inworld markets have been challenging the traditional perception of trade. Instead of only specializing inthe products in which they have a comparative advantage, developing countries consider export diversificationas an alternative way to improve economic growth and reduce external adverse shocks. Besides,the global financial crisis in 2008 raised the need for an examination of the relationship between realexchange rate (RER) and trade.In this line, this thesis attempts to investigate the causal link between export diversification andRER in the middle-income countries. Firstly, we find a bidirectional causality between our two variablesof interest. By differentiating the countries’ exports by destination, the same bidirectional link isrecorded in the case of South-North trade, while a unidirectional causality running from RER to exportdiversification is recorded in the South-South trade.Secondly, we compare this relationship between two groups of countries, Asia versus Latin America,and the effect of the two financial crises (in 1997 and 2008) on this link. We show that, regardlessof the financial crises, the bidirectional causality exists for the Latin American countries and the conventionallink from RER to export diversification for Asian countries. However, when accounted forfinancial crises, the bidirectional causality is found in both subgroups.Thirdly, we address the question of the effect of export diversification on price elasticity of importsin two models of integration in the Pacific-Rim, that is: the traditional model (the US) and a new modelof integration (China). We find consistent negative price elasticity of imports for China and a positive onein the case of the US. When their trading partners are successful in diversifying their export destinations,import price elasticity of either China or the US becomes very low. This result challenges our awarenessof the Marshall-Lerner condition.Fourthly, to investigate how a country could diversify her exports, we look at real exchange rateshocks as a factor that may promote firm productivity. Using the difference-in-differences methodologyon firm-level data for Vietnamese manufacturing, we find a positive effect of a persistent real appreciationin the Vietnamese dong on firm productivity. We note that research and development (R&D) could explainthe mechanism by which real appreciation improves firm productivity
Massamba, Bongolo Eloge. „Les intégrations économiques régionales des pays en développement face au nouvel ordre commercial mondial“. Nice, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NICE0047.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAssélé, Lendoye Valérie. „Intégration économique des pays d'Europe centrale et orientale (PECO) dans le contexte du nouvel ordre mondial“. Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/8636.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAssélé, Valérie. „Intégration économique des pays d'Europe centrale et orientale, PECO, dans le contexte du nouvel ordre mondial“. Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ58437.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleEl, messnaoui Hamid. „La réadaptation à base communautaire - gouvernance et évaluation“. Thesis, Lyon 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO20103.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe notion of Community Based Rehabilitation (CBR), promoted by the World Health Organisation (WHO), has as its main objective the integration of individuals living with a disability. This strategy arose from an acknowledgment of the necessity of pooling the efforts of people involved (people with disabilities and their families, the community, social services, health services, educational and training services) to ensure the success and sustainability of the actions undertaken.Developed in emerging countries, the concept of Community Based Rehabilitation also applies to industrialized countries, where it is often called "de-institutionalisation". The diversity of contexts, including geographical, economical, political as well as cultural, requires the adaptation of governance models and actions. This adaptation is carried out following a thorough evaluation and the evaluation may be ex ante, ongoing or ex post. This thesis presents evaluation tools and governance models adapted to the CBR. It also presents a study on the relevance and limits of this concept.So, is the CBR a relevant and efficient strategy, easily adaptable to every context? What are its limits?The present research will attempt to provide answers to these questions through the study of three different geographical contexts: France, Morocco and Cameroon
Jauneau, Elodie. „La féminisation de l'armée française pendant les guerres, 1938-1962 : enjeux et réalités d'un processus irréversible“. Paris 7, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA070059.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFrom July 11th, 1938, date of the law Paul-Boncour which allows for the first time a legal and official mobilization of the women, to the end of the Algerian War, the feminine staffs of the army do not stop increasing. Between 1939 and 1962, France is in war ceaselessly. Present on all the fronts since 1939, the women obtain little by little servicemen's status by the prism of the wars which succeed one another in Europe, then in Indochina and in Algeria. Defying the laws of the gender which forbade them the bearing of the military uniform, the women anticipate the legislative texts and so, force institutions to promulgate laws allowing them to reach the military career. However, this considerable overhang remains overhang in halftone because, in the term of three wars, the women stay outside the Army which limits their professional opportunities. In spite of the status of October 15th, 1951 which guarantees them career prospects on the long term, the cultural obstacles remain still numerous and the women soldiers are far from making the unanimity in the collective unconscious. The image of these women exercising a male profession in the traditionally male virtues of virility, courage and strength, sends back them constantly to the obsession of the denaturation of their biological sex. The weight of the traditions and the gendered assignments limit considerably their acceptance in the fighting memory. However, by choosing the army to serve France from the Second World War to the Algerian War, these pioneers opened the way to the feminization of the army which has never slowed down since
Rancurel, Alix. „Les relations entre les intégrations régionales sud-américaines et l'Organisation mondiale du commerce : contribution à l'étude des rapports intersystémiques“. Nice, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NICE0005.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleInternational law establishes and governs the legal systems that compose it. It organizes, however, at the margin relations by principles not always appropriate. The relationship between South American systems created by Regional Economic Integration (ALADI, the Andean Community and MERCOSUR) and the WTO system reflect the difficulties but also opportunities for the organization of the relationship between international legal systems. Through their relationships as to their existence, their content and their effects in disputes settlement, this study proposes to characterize the nature of the relationship established between them. Classical systemic theories between vertical monism and atomizing pluralism are unable to determine it precisely. A realistic and inductive approach will show that these relations fit more precisely in a network perspective, no formal hierarchy being imposed. The study of relations will highlight a certain subordination of the South American systems of the WTO system, at least in the context of the relevance they give to the multilateral system as to their existence and their content. The hierarchy is indeed persistent, not from a formal point of view but substantial. The judge, however, limits this subordination by emphasizing the specificity of the regional law, making the integration a legal bulwark against subordination
Castellarin, Emanuel. „La participation de l'Union européenne aux institutions économiques internationales“. Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010292.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe European Union is involved in the activity of all institutions that shape and supervise the world economy, be they international organizations or other multilateral fora. The Union’s inclusion in these legal communities is mutually beneficial. On the one hand, the Union is eager to assert itself as an actor on the international scene and can promote its values and interests. On the other hand, the Union helps to implement norms produced by host institutions and to achieve their goals, as it is integrated in their legal order or network. However, this integration also gives rise to some problems. The Union tries to protect its own organization and margin of appreciation in regulating economic phenomena. Moreover, in principle host institutions are not accustomed to its functioning, especially as far as relations with member states are concerned. The European Union’s participation in international economic institutions is a process of continuous institutional interaction which aims at overcoming these problems through reciprocal adaptation. As the Union promotes its public policies within international economic institutions, which shape in turn the Union’s policies, this process boosts the coherence between levels of economic governance. Thus, the Union influences and is influenced by multilateral liberalization and regulation of all economic phenomena: trade, investment, finance, and development cooperation
Biard, Tristan. „Diversité, biogéographie et écologie des Collodaires (Radiolaires) dans l'océan mondial“. Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066490/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCollodaria (Radiolaria) are unicellular marine eukaryotes (protists) belonging to the super-group Rhizaria. Collodarian species contribute to planktonic communities as large solitary cells or can form large gelatinous colonies. They are heterotrophic organisms feeding on other plankton, which also systematically harbour intracellular symbiotic microalgae. Recent environmental molecular diversity surveys demonstrated their important contribution to planktonic communities and their worldwide occurrence in the global ocean. However, knowledge on their diversity, biogeography and ecology is paradoxically very poor. In the first part of this thesis I performed detailed morphological analyses (electron and optical microscopy) combined with a molecular phylogeny based on the 18S and 28S rRNA genes, sequencing for a total of 75 distinct colonial and solitary specimens. Ultimately, this work led to the revision of the Collodaria classification and to the construction of a robust morpho-molecular reference database. Then, this morpho-molecular framework allowed the exploration of Collodaria biodiversity through a metabarcoding approach across samples collected in the global ocean during the Tara Ocean expedition. The cosmopolitan distribution of the different collodarian taxa in the surface oceans revealed a higher biodiversity in the vast oligotrophic inter-tropical open oceans. Collosphaeridae were predominantly found in the open oceans while the Sphaerozoidae were the dominant family in the less diverse coastal regions. The newly defined Collophidiidae were rarely encountered in the photic zones at all latitudes, suggesting that they inhabit a different ecological niche. Finally, I also used the in situ imaging system Underwater Vision Profiler (UVP5) to quantitatively explore the abundances and biomasses of collodarian and rhizarian in the global ocean. This approach revealed that the Rhizaria were a major component of the meso- and macro-plankton, constituting up to 4.5% of the global carbon standing stock in the upper 200 m of the world oceans. More specifically, Collodaria were the most important rhizarian groups in the first 100 m of the oceans, and their distribution suggested that photosymbiosis might be an important factor explaining their success in oligotrophic regions where they are particularly abundant. Besides the improvement of our knowledge on the diversity, biogeography and ecology of Collodaria in the global ocean, this thesis highlights the relevance to combine and/or use alternative sampling and analytical procedures such as high-throughput sequencing and in situ imaging technologies to study marine protists in their environment
García, De La Rosa Ricardo. „Régionalisme économique et Zone de Libre-échange des Amériques (ZLÉA)“. Lyon 3, 2008. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/in/theses/2008_in_garcia-de-la-rosa_r.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSince the last decade the relationship between regionalism and multilateralism has been widely discussed worldwide. Many reasons have been put forward to explain the real explosion of regional agreements. The complicated reality about regional agreements is that they are neither all good nor all bad, they can be constructive contributions to greater economic opportunity or they can be characterized by exclusivity, discrimination and distortion. As the WTO affirms, design and intent are the gist of such instruments. The case of the Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA) is a good example of this issue. This thesis is a profound analysis of Americas' regionalism vis-à-vis with the recently trade agreements of the area, and the viability of the FTAA as well
Li, Fheng-Ying. „Les règles d’origine préférentielles de l'UE et l’analyse de leur application en matière de marchandises d'importation“. Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM1124.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRules of origin are used to define the place where a product was manufactured. To understand the evolution of trade, especially in the cases of unilateral and bilateral trade agreements, the knowledge of the preferential rules of origin and cumulation is necessary.The preferential rules of origin play a legitimate part in the prevention of the commercial deviations. The EU has the largest number of preferential trade agreements with a high degree of harmonization of origin laws, for example the Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) for 78 ACP countries and the system of cumulation for EURO-MED.As we know, the subsidiary for agriculture product such as sugar and cotton of EU and USA are the main reason which causes the poverty of LCDs. So, the mains purpose of this dissertation is want to find: Does EU really sincerely uses the preferential rules of origin (PROO) to help the LCDs or just want to keep their historical colonial benefits? Why the EU member against the EU commission's newly policy after the WTO member by the same product? How the EU PROO does keep harmony with their member countries and the WTO's member countries? Could we find a way to improve or replace the PROO of EU for the same product to prevent another case happen both in WTO and CJCE? We have found the answer at the Conclusion
Sibson, Sophie. „Les stigmates de la Grande Guerre : le retour des soldats blessés en Grande-Bretagne de 1918 à 1930“. Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMR070.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis centers on the difficulties wounded veterans encountered on their return to Britain after the war up to the early 1930s. In particular, the manner in which the public at large responded to these difficulties is a focal point of the analysis. At the end of the war and in the years that followed, for many British people there was a strong desire to forget the conflict and the accompanying loss and sadness. In analysing the experiences and reactions of veterans and the population as a whole three aspects were examined, namely, their intergration into : professional life, domestic life and society in general. An economic and political framework was presented at the beginning as a means of putting the return of wounded veterans into a necessary and pertinent perspective. The first part of the thesis examines the re-integration of wounded veterans into the workforce. The attitudes of several groups, including those of the government, charities, hospital authorities, employers as well as the veterans themselves were studied. The second part deals with the acceptance and consequences of wounded veterans returning to domestic life. The reactions of family, friends, the veterans themselves and society were presented. The problems of divorce, suicide and alcoholism completed this part. The final section examined the re-integration of wounded veterans into society in general ; a society still greatly under the influence of a strong, rigid image of masculinity. The consequences of devastating wounds such as disfigurement and shell-shock were discussed in this section of social integration. Additionally, the work of veterans’ associations and charities as well as various cultural representations of the integration of wounded veterans were presented
Sosinski, Sandrine. „Les Polonais en Grande-Bretagne (1939 à 2009) : étude d’une identité, de l’exil à l’intégration“. Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040086.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePoland’s modern history has been bearing the mark of migration and exile. Ever since the 1830s, every decade has seen Poles finding a patriotic or economic refuge in Great-Britain, temporarily or permanently. However, before 1939, a small number of Polish-born people lived in Britain. In May 1940, the fall of France that had been a provisional asylum, hastened the influx of Polish soldiers and of the Polish Government-in-Exile, while the outcomes of the Yalta Conference in February 1945 led the Polish civilians onto the way of diaspora again. Most of those 160,000 Poles were born into the infant Second Republic of Poland that was independent from 1918 to 1939. Their backgrounds were varied. Nevertheless, whatever their aspirations for the future might have been, most expected to pursue them in an independent Poland after WWII. The bipolar world of 1945 decreed otherwise, for their motherland only gained back a very relative independence
Fourtage, Laure. „Et après ? : une histoire du secours et de l'aide à la réinsertion des rescapés juifs des camps nazis (France 1943-1948)“. Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01H056.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis Ph.D. thesis focuses on the history of relief and rehabilitation aid to Jewish survivors of Nazi camps in France in the immediate aftermath of WWII. Until now, historiography has been mainly concerned with capturing the return of the deportees. In this context, the Lutetia, a Parisian luxury hotel transformed into a reception center in April 1945 often seems to summarize the efforts made by both the state and various associations to help them. Therefore, the fundamental question of the reintegration of Jewish survivors in French society was left unanswered. What became, in France, of the surviving minority of the targets of the Nazi extermination policy? How were they to find a “normal” life after losing loved ones and property, in a country whose rulers had contributed to the anti-Jewish policy of the German occupiers? This thesis intends to answer these questions by studying the public and private measures that benefited the Jewish survivors of the camps and their families. Without neglecting representations of the deportation, this research is resolutely turned towards the practices of contemporaries. In addition, it falls within a relational approach, emphasizing the interactions between public authorities and private organizations. Finally, this manuscript offers an open-ended reading of the relationship between the state and the society, from the point of view of both the population and the organizations considered. This thesis has the ambition, through the Nazi camps survivors, to contribute to a better understanding of the potential, implementation or non-application of a relief and rehabilitation aid policy to vulnerable populations victimized by trauma
Destenay, Emmanuel. „Expériences de guerre et retours à la vie civile des combattants irlandais, 1914-1928“. Thesis, Paris 4, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA040200.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis research work aims to identify the characteristics of the Irish soldiers who served in the British Army during the First World War and assess their peculiar post-war situation. We chose a wide chronological field, beyond 1918, in order to cover the war remembrance and demobilisation issues of Irish units. We aim to show how the endogenous situation in Ireland influenced the volunteers’ war effort and impacted their reintegration into Irish civil life. Our work enriches the 1919-1924 Irish revolutionary period’s historiography by focusing on socio-economic, political and cultural factors. Studying the life story of Irish First World War survivors enables us to span their enlistment in Republican brigades or British Army units, while also covering the acts of violence and cruelty committed against them. Our work lies at the crossroads of numerous political, social and cultural questions, as well as raising the anthropological issues of the Irish veterans’ experience
Bhouri, Houda. „Les intégrations économiques régionales à l'ère de l'OMC : l'évolution de l'article XXIV“. Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/28526/28526.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePicard, Lionel. „Les engagements politiques de la presse des expulsés de Silésie : l'exemple du Grafschafter Bote“. Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00841754.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleEl, Antary Salwa. „Le rôle de l'activité bancaire dans la nouvelle forme d'intégration des économies arabes au marché capitaliste mondial 1970-1985/“. Paris 8, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA080817.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTHE MAIN PROBLEMATIC OF THIS THESES IS AS FOLLOWS : - TO WHAT EXTENT DID THE RELATION BETWEEN THE ARAB AND INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL CPAITAL LEAD TO THE MOBILIZATION OF THE ECONOMIC SURPLUS PRODUCED IN THE ARAB COUNTRIES AND ITS TRANSFER TO THE DEVELOPED CAPITALIST ECONOMIES ? - TO WHAT EXTENT DID THIS RELATION PROVIDE THE INTERNATIONAAL FINANCIAL CAPITAL with THE NECESSARY CONDITIONS FOR THE DEBT MECHANISM TO FUNCTION ? - WHAT ARE TJE EFFECTS OF THIS RELATION ON THE CONTROLE BY ARAB ECONOMIES OF THE TERMS OF AN INDEPENDANT REPRODUCTION ? THIS WORK TRIES TO ANSWER THE ABOVE MENTIONNED QUESTIONS TAKING INTO CONSIDERATION CLASS ALLIANCES ON THE NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL LEVELS, ALLAINCES WHICH CREATE AND STRENGTHEN THE NEW FORM OF INTEGRATION OF THE ARAB ECONOMIES IN THE INTERNATIONAL CAPITALIST MARKET. MARKET
Caputo, Nicolas. „Ressources économiques et pouvoir politique : intégration semi-périphérique au système financier mondial et son impact sur la coalition socio-politique au pouvoir en Argentine de 1989 à 2001“. Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00814376.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleEl, Moutaoukil Abdelkader. „L'intégration économique, par le commerce des biens et par l'investissement direct étranger, des pays Sud et Est de la méditéranée dans le système mondial des échanges : la place des facteurs institutionnels“. Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0153.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work is the result of four years of research on the South and East countries of Mediterranean. The author considers that the output of the deadlock is not to seek in blind globalization but rather in the structures of the economies in question. In the other words, it is to concentrate on a numbers of characteristics-territory that act directly or indirectly on the level of confidence and freedoms at the disposal of economic agents. The author considers that a better economic integration is conditioned by the capacity of the region to act on the three categories of needs
Durand, Sébastien. „Les entreprises de la Gironde occupée (1940-1944) : restrictions, intégrations, adaptations“. Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BOR30049.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWhile the Phoney War occasioned a first confrontation with regulations and requisition, the signing of the Armistice marked the start of a complex period for the enterprises in occupied Gironde, in that it prompted a fruitful dialogue with the Vichy government and the German authorities. These enterprises faced a French German polycracy, which imposed new administrative and territorial executives on their activities. Enterprise became a real power issue. There were points of convergence (the aryanisation of “Jewish enterprises”, the remuneration of work) as there were of conflict (the control of the port, the concentration of production, the workers' departure for Germany). Moreover, the Vichy regime did all it could to make enterprise an ideological showcase (“Révolution Nationale”): ceremonies, support groups, corporatism, political associations, collaborationist movements. Armed with a formidable legislative and repressive arsenal, it managed – with the support of the Germans – to create a place of exclusion, from which were violently removed, any elements that were judged undesirable either for their political activities (communists) or for their religious affiliation, abusively qualified as “racial” (Jews). On the contrary, the strategy which consisted in making each establishment a place of integration of its ideals, was not met with much success. The attachment that the actors of the enterprises had for Maréchal Pétain himself, which was very real in the beginning, soon faded with the trials and constraints that the people of Gironde had to suffer. From this point of view, the social policy of the French State (“Charte du Travail”) did not allow it – with some exceptions – to “bring” employers and workers back to the Vichy realm. In a context of severe shortage (primary goods, labour and means of transport), enterprises in Gironde looked for alternatives to what we commonly call the “economic collaboration”: use of products of replacement, reconversion of activities, readjustment of the productive machine, development of illicit practices (black market). Few entrepreneurs, however, missed the business opportunity that lay in offering their services to the occupying forces. These services were widespread, but varied according to jobs, fields of activity and times of the Occupation. In this way, the occupying forces benefited, from the strengths of the local economic fabric, since they managed to integrate into their war economy not only the industries that had earlier been mobilized for the “Défense Nationale” but also the natural resources of the land: wood, resin, wine
Franco, bedoya Sebastián. „Essays on the Trade and Macroeconomic dimensions of Global Value Chains“. Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLX036/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe most recent phase of globalization, the so-called Global Value Chains (GVCs), is dated at the beginning of the 1990s. The birth of the World Trade Organization brought down many trade barriers and led to liberalization in areas like telecommunications, financial services, and information technologies. It meant the emergence of new business models that built on new opportunities to develop comparative advantages. With the opening of new markets, the technical revolution in IT and communications, and the closer harmonization of economic models worldwide, trade became much more than just a simple exchange of merchandise across borders. It developed into a constant flow of investment, of technologies, of goods for processing and business services. This is what has been called the "International Supply Chain". The key characteristic of this phenomenon is the increasing trade in final and intermediate goods among countries. Intermediate goods generated the network production structure of international trade and with it the exposure to new policy challenges that are not captured and fully understand by bilateral trade statistics. The existence of the international trade network, linking countries not only on the consumption side but also on production, makes the value-added content of trade to differ from gross exports. Nevertheless, it is precisely domestic value added the primary object of economic interest because it determines economic activity and the overall employment level in a country. The main question, therefore, is whether the changes in the organization of world trade should lead to a revision on our Economic intuitions. This is the purpose of this thesis, in which I review many pressing economic topics and hypotheses, and connect them with the global production patterns.This thesis covers the topics of (i) the trade-enhancing role of Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) and Information and Communication Technologies (ICT, "captured as a border effect"), (ii) value-added exports elasticities, and (iii) trade imbalances. While results for many countries are reported, I pay particular attention to the European countries. Broadly speaking, results show that (i) FTAs increase bilateral trade by 54% on average after 10 or more years, for both final goods and intermediate inputs. The border effect has become less binding over time, increasing trade in final goods an astounding 443%, relative to domestic trade since 1970, while the rise has been 195% for intermediate inputs. They also provide evidence that the trade effect of FTAs has strengthened over time. (ii) The implications of neglecting the GVC dimension for the value-added export elasticity are that it is not constant over time and lower than for gross exports. An important contribution here is to put in place a tractable framework that links changes in value-added exports to changes in the actual flow of final and intermediate goods. This makes easier to compute other tools that have been developed before in the literature like GVC Real Effective Exchange Rates (REERs). (iii) Using a value-added approach to study trade imbalances shows that we still do not have a full understanding of the causes and consequences of these imbalances and that GVC only makes it more challenging. Therefore, I disentangle the different components of the trade balance dynamics (trade performance and demand growth) while incorporating the international input-output production network linkages. Finally, I shed some light on to what extent internal devaluations are sufficient to offset the intra-Euro nominal exchange rigidity
Rakotondrasoa, Hajarizaka. „Le rôle de l'Afrique du sud dans l'institution régionale dans la SADC : les entraves à son organisation et à son fonctionnement face aux réalités économiques et dans un ordre mondial qui se veut multipolaire“. Paris 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA020058.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAhcar, Olmos Jaime Rafael. „An inquiry on Regional Trade Integration and Trade Potentials“. Thesis, Paris 9, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA090055/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRegional trade agreements (RTAs) have surged in a context of stalled multilateral trade negotiations. This doctoral thesis intends to advance scientific knowledge in the field. Thus, thanks to a gravity model theoretical framework, three chapters of applied empirical econometrics analysis have been completed. The first chapter examines the effects of RTAs, the Generalized System of Preference (GSP) and World Trade Organization memberships on bilateral trade flows. I put into practice different econometric specifications and estimation methods, notably Poisson Pseudo Maximum Likelihood (PPML), which is the one that better seems to contend with well-known biases and endogeneity problems. I conduct this research with an international trade gravity model estimated across 153 countries from the year 1980 to 2012.I consistently found a strong positive impact of regional trade agreement RTAs on most specifications and low or non-significant results for WTO membership. The estimates from the PPML method that includes controls for unobserved heterogeneity show non-significant effects of the Generalized System of Preference (GSP) on trade.The second chapter, co-authored with my supervisor Jean-Marc Siroën, explores the effect of heterogeneity of RTAs in the scope of deep integration. We intend to determine if deeper RTAs promote trade more effectively than less ambitious agreements. We make use of two recently available data sets from the World Trade Organization (WTO) and the World Trade Institute (WTI-DESTA) to generate credible indicators of deep integration. Additive and Multiple Correspondence Analysis derived indicators for the depth of the agreements are then computed and their significance is tested in a gravity model. We find that deeper agreements increase trade more than shallow ones, whereas the provisions they included are within or outside of the WTO domain.The third chapter investigates the existence of trade potentials between Colombia and the EU. I obtain in-sample predictions after the estimation of a gravity model with the Poisson Pseudo Maximum Likelihood estimator. I control for unobserved omitted variable bias by the inclusion of exporter and importer time varying fixed effects, and run a series of sensitivity analysis.Untapped trade potentials are found between Colombia and a group of EU countries in both directions of the trade flows. Exports from Colombia have a gap to bridge with Austria, Czech Republic, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Poland and Sweden. In the other direction, Sweden, Ireland, Finland and Poland have an interesting margin to gain in the Colombian market
Hunsmann, Moritz. „Dépolitisations d'une épidémie - La lutte internationale contre le sida et les politiques de santé en Tanzanie“. Phd thesis, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS), 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01055458.
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