Dissertationen zum Thema „Insuline – Sécrétion – Régulation“
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Blat, Sophie. „Régulation vagale de la sécrétion d'insuline chez le porc“. Rennes, ENSA, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NSARB126.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMichau, Aurélien. „Invalidation et activation du transcepteur des sucres GLUT2 : impacts sur la régulation de la prise alimentaire et la sécrétion d'insuline“. Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066532.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleVillalpando, Sabrina. „Compartimentalisation et Intégration des signaux de transduction par les «A Kinase Anchoring Proteins» (AKAPs) dans la régulation de la sécrétion d’insuline“. Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON1T024.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleInsulin secretion is a major physiological function triggered in the body upon glucose entry into pancreatic β cells. This process is naturally subject to modulation by numerous metabolites, neurotransmitters or hormones. Among the modulatory hormones, incretins, mainly Glucagon Like Peptide (GLP1), act on β cells as physiological amplifiers of glucose-dependent insulin secretion. Incretins are known to recruit the cAMP signaling transduction pathway and their effects on glucose homeostasis represent a current basis for promising anti-diabetic approaches. However, while physiological actions of incretins are well known, the molecular mechanisms underlying these actions are not fully understood.In this thesis, we based our work on the hypothesis that the PKA (cAMP-dependent protein kinase) might potentiate glucose-induced insulin secretion via direct phosphorylation of PKA targets at the level of the exocytosis components, through specific anchoring of the kinase to this microdomain by A-Kinase Anchoring Proteins (AKAPs).The present work involving specific molecular approaches, such as siRNA, cell-permeable peptide competitors, subcellular fractionations as well as confocal and ultrastructural analysis of β cells, culminated to provide compelling evidence that the RIIα PKA isotype is physically associated to mature insulin granules. We demonstrate that in pancreatic β cells, either suppression of RIIαPKA expression or endogenous disruption of RIIαPKA from AKAPs results in almost complete loss of GLP1-induced amplification of insulin secretion.In conclusion, the present work allowed the identification of RIIα as a crucial effector of the cAMP/PKA axis for the amplification by incretins of insulin secretion. This finding represents a first and important step towards the identification of the molecular partners involved in the GLP1-induced PKA-dependent potentiation of insulin exocytosis
Dalle, Stéphane. „Le miniglucagon, nouveau régulateur local de l'îlot de Langerhans“. Montpellier 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON20257.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBlanchet, Emilie. „Rôle de E2F1 dans la sécrétion d'insuline, le métabolisme oxydatif, la néoglucogenèse et la lipogenèse. Implication dans le diabète, la dystrophie musculaire et le cancer“. Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON13506.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleE2F1, a crucial regulator of metabolism in normal and cancer cells. Abstract: E2F1 is a key transcription factor involved in the control of the cell cycle. We and others have previously demonstrated a a major role for E2F1 in the control of glucose and lipid homeostasis. In this thesis, we showed bu using E2F1 null mice, that E2F1 plays a major role in the control of insulin secretion, oxidative metabolism, lipogenesis and gluconeogenesis. E2F1 controls insulin secretion through the modulation of Kir6.2 expression. Moreover, we demonstrated that E2F1 controls the expression of oxidative genes in BAT and muscle. In addition, we observed that E2F1 is involved in the control of lipogenesis and gluconeogenesis in the liver. E2F1regulates the expression of key lipogenic genes, such as Fas, and G6Pase, a gene involved in hepatic glucose production, through cooperation with foxo-1. Finally, we observed that the inhibition of gluconeogenesis upon E2f1 genetic ablation impaired the formation of lung metastases. These different results show that E2F1 is a key regulator of metabolism, and that modulating its activity could have High outcomes on diseases such as diabetes, obesity, muscular distrophies or cancers.Key words: E2F1, insulin secretion, oxidative metabolism, lipogenesis, gluocneogenesis, cancer
Yepmo, Mélissa. „Signature unique de l’ARN circulaire dans les muscles squelettiques humains de différentes sensibilités à l’insuline“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023STRAJ109.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCircular RNAs are a class of non-coding RNAs characterized by a covalently closed loop structure. Functionally, they can act on cell physiology by inhibiting microRNAs and regulating gene and protein expression. The emerging function of circRNAs is not fully understood, but initial studies have recently shown that they are involved in the regulation of insulin secretion. In this work we tried to identify circRNAs in skeletal muscle at the level of glycolytic and oxidative fibers in healthy and type 2 diabetic patients. Our results showed a unique circular RNA signature not only as a function of status (healthy or T2DM) but also as a function of muscle fibre type (triceps or soleus). For the first time, our study has been able to identify a new way of regulating gene and protein expression independently of what is already known in skeletal muscle. These results allowed us to identify new key molecules involved in the development of type 2 diabetes, with the potential to identify new therapeutic targets
Rabhi, Nabil. „Régulation de l'homéostasie du glucose et de la sécrétion d'inuline par le cofacteur transcriptionnel KAT2B - implication dans le développement du diabète de type II : rôle de KAT2B dans la cellule β pancréatique“. Thesis, Lille 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL2S058.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) unfolded protein response (UPRer) pathway plays an important role for pancreatic p cells to adapt their cellular responses to environmental cues and metabolic stress. Although altered UPRer gene expression appears in rodent and human type 2 diabetic (T2D) islets, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unknown. We show here that germ-line and p-cell specific disruption of the lysine acetyltransferase 2B (Kat2b) gene in mice leads to impaired insulin secretion and glucose intolerance. Genome wide analysis of Kat2b-regulated genes and functional assays revealed a critical role for Kat2b in maintaining UPRer gene expression and subsequent p-cell function. Importantly, Kat2b expression was decreased in db/db and in human T2D islets and correlated with UPRer genes in normal human islets. In conclusion, Kat2b is a crucial transcriptional regulator for adaptive P-cell function during metabolic stress by controlling UPRer and represents a promising target for T2D prevention and treatment
Papin, Julien. „Bases moléculaires des défauts sécrétoires des cellules ß pancréatiques lors de la glucotoxicité“. Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR13986/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGlucotoxicity, or prolonged exposure to elevated levels of glucose, alters the function of pancreatic??-cells and is involved in diabetes pathogenesis. It has been demonstrated that glucotoxicity modifies gene expression and induces considerable changes in [Ca2+]i and in cAMP-dependent signalling (Dubois et al, Endocrinology, 148(4):1605-14 ; 2007) as well as a it decreases insulin exocytosis in response to glucose and increases apoptosis. The molecular mechanisms of these effects are not known but several observations suggest that changes in gene expression profiles are involved. To address that, a genomic study has been done in the clonal b-cell line INS-1E and revealed important modifications in the expression rates of many genes involved in glucose metabolism and vesicular traffic. This approach also revealed the alteration of cAMP-mediated signalling pathways and as the role of calcium and the importance of the correlation between cAMP and Ca2+-mediated signalling pathways had been shown, it was interesting to address the role of this second messenger in this process. Actually, cAMP regulates the activity of a large number of signalling proteins, it is also an important messenger involved in vesicular traffic, insulin secretion and gene expression. Interestingly, we also found that the expression of the adenylyl cyclase VIII (ADCY8) was largely diminished by glucotoxicity and this suggests that an alteration of cAMP synthesis could be involved in the decrease of insulin secretion in this condition. For this reason, we decided to address the functional consequences of altered ADCY8 expression on cAMP-mediated signalling pathways and on its correlation with the decrease of insulin secretion in glucotoxicity. Our results demonstrate a requirement for ADCY8 in glucose as well as in GLP-1 activated signalling pathways and strongly suggest a central role for ADCY8 in glucotoxicity. Moreover, recent publications suggest the implication of cAMP-mediated signalling pathways in the protection of b-cells against apoptosis induced by glucotoxicity, and the role of ADCY8 in this process was investigated
Bardy, Guillaume. „Effets insulino-sécrétoires et protecteurs de la quercétine au niveau de la cellule beta pancréatique : implication du calcium intracellulaire et de ERK1/2“. Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON13515/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn type 2 diabetes, chronic hyperglycaemia, elevated free fatty acids and inflammation induce oxidative stress (OS) in pancreatic β cell. SO, which appears at the stage of pre-diabetes, may induce early dysfunction of this cell. Thus, the β cell protection by antioxidant molecules could slow the progression of pre-diabetes to diabetes.Quercetin, a flavonoid, has shown antidiabetic properties in several in vivo studies. However, very few data address its mechanism of action directly at the β cell. In this context, we studied the effects of quercetin at the β cell under physiological conditions and conditions of OS.Our results show that in the presence of stimulating concentrations of secretagogue, quercetin potentiates insulin secretion by a mechanism involving increased intracellular calcium and potentiation of ERK1 / 2 via activation of the PKA and the CaMK II pathways. In addition, quercetin protects beta cell from OS via a suractivation of ERK1/2. Resveratrol and NAC, two antioxidants of reference are inactive under these experimental conditions.In the absence of stimulating concentration of secretagogue, quercetin induced moderate insulin secretion by increasing the intracellular calcium via a direct activation of L-type CaV Under these conditions, the activation of ERK1/2 induced by quercetin, which is independent of the activation pathways of PKA and CaMK II to, would not be involved in the secretory mechanism.Our results indicate that the mechanism of action of quercetin at the β cell not only based on its antioxidant capacity but involves pharmacological targets and the regulation of intracellular signaling pathways
Strasser, Perrine. „Rôle du facteur de transcription RFX6 dans la différenciation et la fonction des cellules β sécrétrices d'insuline : identification et étude de gènes cibles“. Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAJ088.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGlucose homeostasis regulation in the body is the main function of insulin secreting beta cells in the endocrine pancreas. The winged-helix transcription factor RFX6 has recently been identified as a new pancreatic endocrine differentiation regulator, downstream of Ngn3,in zebra fish, mouse and human. Moreover, several Rfx6 mutations in humans were discovered and linked to the Mitchell Riley syndrome, which is characterized by neonatal diabetes, intestinal atresia and malabsorption. My thesis consisted of using an approach combining transcriptomic analysis in mouse and the identification of RFX6 target genes in a beta cell line as well as in pancreatic islets. This work has demonstrated the crucial role of RFX6 in maintaining beta cell identity and function. For the first time, RFX6 target genes were identified in vivo as well as the whole repertoire of directly regulated RFX6 target genesin beta cells, which were previously unidentified in the beta cell line. These studies have also shown that Mlxipl is a main RFX6 regulated target gene in mice and human. Overall, this work has allowed the clear identification of RFX6 target genes, thus contributing inunderstanding the role of this crucial transcription factor in the differentiation and function of insulin secreting beta cells
Eva, Klimcakova. „Regulation of human adipose tissue gene expression in relation to obesity and insulin resistance“. Toulouse 3, 2007. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/40/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleObesity is associated with insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Among possible mechanisms leading to IR are increased plasma levels of free fatty acids and altered levels of adipokines secreted from adipose tissue (AT). In the first part of the work, we studied obese patients during different nutritional and physical activity interventions. Phenotypic data were related to the expression of AT genes potentially involved in the regulation of insulin sensitivity (IS) and/or low-grade inflammation. We confirmed that aerobic and dynamic strength training improved IS and demonstrated that these interventions do not promote changes in subcutaneous AT gene expression or in plasma levels of adiponectin, interleukin-6, interleukin-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, but decrease circulating leptin level. Very low calorie diet followed by low calorie diet and weight maintenance period enhanced IS in obese women and diminished retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) in plasma, but RBP4 mRNA levels were reduced only after very low calorie diet. Our findings indicate that the investigated adipokines, except potentially leptin, might not be mediators of changes in IS induced by lifestyle interventions. In the second part of the work, we investigated the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) on the protein secretion by human subcutaneous AT. .
Crutzen, Raphaël. „Caractérisation et régulation du transport transmembranaire des ions Cl- dans les cellules β pancréatiques“. Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/235774.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDoctorat en Sciences biomédicales et pharmaceutiques (Médecine)
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Guay, Claudiane. „Étude de l'implication des navettes du pyruvate découlant du métabolisme mitochondrial du glucose dans la régulation de la sécrétion d'insuline par les cellules bêta pancréatiques“. Thèse, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/3614.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDiabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by a combination of insulin resistance in peripheral tissues with an inappropriate amount of insulin secreted by the pancreatic β-cells to overcome this insulin resistance. In order to help find a cure for diabetic patients, we need to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the proper control of insulin secretion in response to glucose. In pancreatic β-cells, glucose metabolism leads to the production of metabolic coupling factors, like ATP, implicated in the regulation of insulin vesicle exocytosis. The mechanism linking ATP production by the oxidative metabolism of glucose to the triggering of insulin release that involves Ca2+ and metabolically sensitive K+ channels is relatively well known. Other mechanisms are also involved in the regulation of insulin secretion in response to glucose and other nutrients, such as fatty acids and some amino acids. Malonyl-CoA and NADPH are two metabolic coupling factors that have been suggested to be implicated in the transduction of metabolic signaling coming from glucose metabolism to control the release of insulin granules. However, the mechanisms implicated remained to be defined. The goal of the present thesis was to further our understanding of the role of the pyruvate shuttles, derived from mitochondrial glucose metabolism, in the regulation of insulin secretion. In pancreatic β-cells, pyruvate shuttles are produced by the combination of anaplerosis and cataplerosis processes and are thought to link glucose metabolism to the regulation of insulin secretion by the production metabolic coupling factors. In our first study, we wished to determine the role of the pyruvate/citrate shuttle in the regulation of glucose-induced insulin secretion. The pyruvate/citrate shuttle leads to the production in the cytoplasm of both malonyl-CoA and NADPH and also stimulates the metabolic flux through the glycolysis by re-oxidating NADH. A previous study done in the group of Dr Prentki has suggested the feasibility of the pyruvate/citrate shuttle in pancreatic β-cells. To investigate our hypothesis, we inhibited three different steps of this shuttle in INS 832/13 cells, a pancreatic β-cell line. Specifically, we repressed, using pharmacological inhibitors or RNA interference technology, the mitochondrial citrate export to the cytoplasm and the expression of malic enzyme (MEc) and ATP-citrate lyase (ACL), two key enzymes implicated in the pyruvate/citrate shuttle. The inhibition of each of those steps resulted in a reduction of glucose-induced insulin secretion. Our results underscore the importance of the pyruvate/citrate shuttle in the pancreatic β-cell signaling and the regulation of insulin secretion in response to glucose. Other research groups are also interested in studying the implication of pyruvate cycling processes in the regulation of insulin exocytosis. They suggested a role for the pyruvate/malate and the pyruvate/isocitrate/α-ketoglutarate shuttles. Therefore, three different shuttles derived from the mitochondrial glucose metabolism could be implicated in the regulation of glucose-induced insulin release. All those three shuttles can produce NADPH in the cytoplasm. In the pyruvate/malate and the pyruvate/citrate shuttles, the NADPH is formed by cytosolic malic enzyme (MEc), whereas in the pyruvate/isocitrate/α-ketoglutarate, NADPH is produced by cytosolic isocitrate dehydrogenease (IDHc). In our first study, we established the importance of MEc expression in the regulation of insulin secretion. In our second study, we wanted to investigate the importance of IDHc expression in glucose-induced insulin secretion. The reduction of IDHc expression in INS 832/13 cells stimulated insulin release in response to glucose by a mechanism independent of ATP production coming from glucose oxidative metabolism. This stimulation was also observed in isolated rat pancreatic cells. IDHc knockdown cells showed elevated glucose incorporation into fatty acids, suggesting that isocitrate metabolism could be redirected into the pyruvate/citrate shuttle in these cells. Taken together, these results suggest that IDHc is not essential for glucose-induced insulin secretion and that a compensatory mechanism, probably involving the pyruvate/citrate shuttle, explains the enhanced insulin secretion in IDHc knockdown cells . The pyruvate/citrate shuttle is the only pyruvate shuttle that is linked to the production of malonyl-CoA. Malonyl-CoA is a known inhibitor of carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1, the rate-limiting step in fatty acid oxidation. Therefore, the raising level of malonyl-CoA in response to glucose redirects the metabolism of fatty acids into the triglycerides/free fatty acids cycle which combine esterification and lipolysis processes. Previous studies done in the laboratory of Dr Prentki supported the concept that lipolysis of endogenous lipid stores is an important process for the appropriate regulation of insulin secretion. A first lipase, hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), has been identified in pancreatic β-cells. HSL expression is important, but not sufficient, for the β-cell lipolysis activity. In a complementary study, we have investigated the role of another lipase, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), in the regulation of insulin secretion in response to glucose and to fatty acids. We first demonstrated the expression and the activity of ATGL in pancreatic β-cells. Reducing ATGL expression using shRNA in INS 832/13 cells caused a reduction in insulin secretion in response to glucose and to fatty acids. Pancreatic islets from ATGL null mice also showed defect in insulin release in response to glucose and to fatty acids. The results demonstrate the importance of ATGL and intracellular lipid signaling in the regulation of insulin secretion. In conclusion, the work presented in this thesis suggests a role for the pyruvate/citrate shuttle in the regulation of insulin secretion in response to glucose. This mechanism possibly implicates the production of NADPH and malonyl-CoA in the cytoplasm. The results also points to a re-evaluation of the role of IDHc in glucose-induced insulin secretion. The precise role of IDHc in pancreatic β-cells needs to be determined. Finally, the data have also documented a role of lipolysis and ATGL in the coupling mechanisms of insulin secretion in response to both fuel and non-fuel stimuli.
Barbeau, Annie. „Rôle de l'estérification des acides gras dans la régulation de la sécrétion d'insuline et le stress métabolique induits par le glucose“. Thèse, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/7063.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDiabetes is a chronic disease of glucose homeostasis characterized by hyperglycemia and the result of a failure of insulin secretion in combination or not with impaired insulin action. Overnutrition and lack of physical activity in individuals who have acquired or inherited genetic predispositions lead to insulin resistance. During the period of compensation where the concentration of plasma fatty acids is high, hyperinsulinemia fully compensates for the insulin resistance of target tissues and blood sugar is normal. Glucose promotes insulin secretion through its metabolism by the pancreatic β cell. According to the classical model of glucose-induced insulin secretion, the increase in the ATP/ADP ratio resulting from glycolysis and glucose oxidation induces the closure of KATP channels thus changing membrane potential followed by an influx of Ca2+. This influx of Ca2+ allows the exocytosis of secretory granules containing insulin. Several nutrients like fatty acids are capable of potentiating insulin secretion. However, the classical model does not explain the potentiation of insulin secretion by fatty acids. To explain the potentiating effect of fatty acids, our laboratory has proposed a complementary model in which malonyl-CoA derived from glucose anaplerotic metabolism inhibits carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1, the enzyme catalyzing the limiting step of fatty acid oxidation, thereby promoting their esterification and thus the formation signaling derivatives. The anaplerotic model of insulin secretion predicts that malonyl-CoA derived from glucose metabolism inhibits β-oxidation of fatty acids and increases the availability of acyl-CoA or non esterified fatty acids. Thus, lipid molecules can act as coupling factors for insulin exocytosis. Fatty acid-derived signalling molecules that are active remain to be identified. Work performed by our laboratory has shown that increasing the partition of fatty acids toward β-oxidation reduced glucose-induced insulin secretion, suggesting that derivatives of fatty acid esterification are important for the potentiation of insulin secretion. Indeed, at high concentrations of glucose, fatty acids are esterified into lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), phosphatidic acid (PA) and diacylglycerol (DAG) and subsequently in triglycerides (TG). The present study established the relative importance fatty acid esterification in the production of factors potentiating insulin secretion. We hypothesized that molecules derived from the process of esterification of fatty acid (eg lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and diacylglycerol (DAG)) act as metabolic signals and are responsible for the modulation of the secretion of insulin in the presence of fatty acids. Thus, the level of expression of key enzymes controlling the process of esterification has been altered by molecular biology approaches to increase distribution of fatty acids toward esterification in the β cell. The expression of various isoforms of glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAT), which catalyzes the first step of esterification of fatty acids was increased and inhibited. The effects of GPAT isoenzyme modulation on the esterification process, on β-oxidation and on glucose-induced insulin secretion were investigated. The various approaches we used have changed the levels of DAG and TG without altering insulin secretion induced by glucose in the presence or absence of fatty acids. Thus, the results of this study do not suggest a role for de novo synthesis of glycerolipid intermidiates via esterification of fatty acids in the potentiation of insulin secretion. However, the esterification of fatty acids is an integral part of a TG/fatty acid cycle with its counterpart lipolysis. Moreover, parallel studies conducted by colleagues of the laboratory have demonstrated a role for lipolysis and a cycle TG/fatty acid in the potentiation of insulin secretion by fatty acids. In parallel with our studies of the mechanisms of insulin secretion involving fatty acids, our laboratory is also interested in the negative effects of fatty acids on the β cell. The glucolipotoxicity resulting from chronic exposure to saturated fatty acids in the presence of high glucose concentrations is of particular interest in the context of obesity rates. The microsomal isoform of GPAT was also used as a molecular tool under glucolipotoxicity conditions to study the role of de novo synthesis of complex lipids in the context of decompensation when β-cell function decreases. Increased esterification of fatty acids by the overexpression of microsomal isoform of GPAT has increased the toxic effects of fatty acids in the context of glucolipotoxicity. Thus, our results allow us to conclude that the distribution of lipids toward esterification and a decrease in β-oxidation is instrumental in glucolipotoxicity.
Pepin, Émilie. „Étude dans la cellule bêta pancréatique de voies inhibitrices de la sécrétion d'insuline liées au métabolisme des lipides“. Thèse, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/9717.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleType 2 diabetes (T2D) is a complex metabolic disease caused by genetic as well as environmental factors, such as sedentarity and obesity. Pancreatic β cell dysfunction is now recognized as the key factor in T2D development. Our laboratory is studying the mechanisms of regulation of insulin secretion by the pancreatic β cell in response to nutrients. While the knowledge of the mechanisms responsible for initiation of insulin secretion in response to glucose and fatty acids is quite advanced, the inhibitory processes of insulin secretion in normal or pathological situations are still poorly understood. This doctoral thesis has focused on the identification of some of the mechanisms responsible for negative regulation of insulin secretion in pancreatic β cell. We have addressed this issue under normal situation or pathological conditions related to T2D. We first tested the hypothesis by which a mitochondrial enzyme, short-chain hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (SCHAD), negatively regulates glucose-induced insulin secretion (GIIS) by limiting the concentrations of some fatty acids and their derivatives such as acyl-CoA or acyl-carnitine molecules in the β cell. For this purpose, the downregulation of SCHAD by RNA interference (RNAi) was used in the pancreatic β cell line INS832/13. Then, we tested wether a prolonged administration of high-fat diet to mice (diet-induced obesity mouse model, DIO) would modulate intracellular metabolic and molecular pathways responsible for inhibition of insulin secretion. C57BL/6 mice were therefore fed a high-fat diet for 8 weeks followed by insulin secretion, intracellular lipid metabolism, mitochondrial function and intracellular signaling measurements on isolated pancreatic islets of Langerhans of those mice. Our results suggest that SCHAD negatively regulates GIIS and amino acid-induced insulin secretion. We propose that fatty acid oxidation by SCHAD would prevent the accumulation of short-chain acyl-CoAs or acyl-carnitines capable of potentiating insulin secretion. In addition, SCHAD regulates glutamate metabolism by the allosteric inhibition of glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) preventing the hyperinsulinemia caused by excessive GDH activity. The study of β cell dysfunction in the DIO mouse model stratified LDR and HDR highlighted various fatty acid metabolism pathways involved in the reduction of GIIS. A decrease in the triglycerides/free fatty acid (TG/FFA) cycling associated with an increase in fatty acid oxidation and intracellular accumulation of cholesterol was shown to contribute to the decreased GIIS in DIO-HDR mice. Furthermore, alteration of AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) and protein kinase C epsilon (PKC epsilon) signaling pathways would be responsible for those alterations in metabolic pathways observed in DIO islets and cause decreased insulin secretion. In summary, we have shed light on important pathways negatively regulating insulin secretion in pancreatic β cell. These pathways could either limit the amplitude or duration of insulin secretion after a meal, or help to preserve β-cell function by delaying exhaustion. Some of those signaling pathways could explain the altered insulin secretion observed in T2D obese patients. In light of our research, the development of therapies targeting pathways that negatively regulate insulin secretion may be beneficial for treating diabetic patients.