Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Instagram (site web)“

Instagram is a popular social media platform where users can share their photos and videos with their followers. With the rise of automation, many users are seeking ways to streamline their Instagram activities, including posting pictures, commenting, liking photos, and managing their followers. Selenium is widely used for automating web tasks, while Python is a popular choice for programming automation. With Selenium, we can automate various actions on Instagram, such as logging in, navigating to user profiles, posting photos, leaving comments, liking posts, and following or unfollowing other users. Before we can start automating Instagram with Selenium, we need to install Selenium and a compatible web driver like Chrome Driver or Gecko Driver. By identifying and interacting with the HTML elements on the site, Selenium allows us to automate our interactions with Instagram. In a similar vein, we have the ability to automate various Instagram actions by utilizing Selenium. For instance, we can employ Selenium to discover and engage with different elements on the platform. This involves locating the file selection input element and utilizing the transmit keys() function to input the file path and simulate clicking the upload button. Keywords: – Instagram Automation, selenium, python, account analytics, MERN stack, Account management system.

This investigation aimed to determine the use of web 2.0 services in the Catholic University Cecilio Acosta (UNICA) site by the institution, located in Maracaibo city, Venezuela. The theoretical contributions were supported by O'Reilly (2007), Lévy (2004), Rheingold (2004), Surowiecki (2005), Cobo (2007a), among other authors. The investigation comes from a project attached to the UNICA Research and Postgraduate Deanery, was descriptive, an observation guide was applied to collect information from the UNICA website and the 2.0 services to which it is associated as the platforms for vertical social networks YouTube, Instagram and SoundCloud, and platforms for horizontal social networks Facebook and Twitter. Among the most relevant findings was the exclusive use of social networking services for interaction with the university community, without including other services that seek to generate knowledge. It is concluded that UNICA uses web 2.0 services in its site in a limited and non-strategic way, with a purely informative nature that includes specific topics of the university and the catholic church, which could hinder the knowledge management as process of 21st century universities.

Social media usage is increasing at a rapid rate. Everyday users are leaving a substantial amount of data as artifacts in these applications. As the size and velocity of data increase, innovative technologies such as Web Storage and IndexedDB are emerging. Consequently, forensic investigators are facing challenges to adapt to the emerging technologies to establish reliable techniques for extracting and analyzing suspect information. This paper investigates the convenience and efficacy of performing forensic investigations with a time frame and social network connection analysis on IndexedDB technology. It focuses on artifacts from prevalently used social networking site Instagram on the Mozilla Firefox browser. A single case pretest–posttest quasi-experiment is designed and executed over Instagram web application to produce artifacts that are later extracted, processed, characterized, and presented in forms of information suited to forensic investigation. The artifacts obtained from Mozilla Firefox are crossed-checked with artifacts of Google Chrome for verification. In the end, the efficacy of using these artifacts in forensic investigations is shown with a demonstration through a proof-of-concept tool. The results indicate that Instagram artifacts stored in IndexedDB technology can be utilized efficiently for forensic investigations, with a large variety of information ranging from fully constructed user data to time and location indicators.

Abstract Objective To determine the presence and activity of ophthalmology departments associated with residency programs on social media platforms and the use of these social media platforms by residency applicants. Design Cross-sectional online assessment of ophthalmology training program departments' presence and activity on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram. Participants A total of 120 accredited ophthalmology residency training programs and 498 ophthalmology residency applicants. Methods Each department was evaluated by (1) searching for social media links on the department's Web site, (2) searching for the department on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram, and (3) searching on Google. A simultaneous survey was conducted to assess social media platform use of 2019 to 2020 ophthalmology residency application cycle candidates. Main Outcomes The presence of ophthalmology departments on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram, as well as the total number of followers and posts during January 2020. Results Of 120 programs evaluated, 45 programs (37.5%) had a Facebook page, 29 (24.3%) were on Twitter, and 22 (18.3%) had an Instagram page. Among top 20 Doximity-ranked ophthalmology programs, 80% had at least one social media page on Facebook, Twitter, or Instagram compared with 33% among the remainder of programs (chi-square test = 15.2, p < 0.001). Top 20 programs also had more followers compared with others on Facebook (4,363 vs. 696, respectively, p < 0.0001) and Twitter (3,673 vs. 355, respectively, p = 0.007) but not on Instagram (1,156 vs. 1,687, respectively, p = 0.71). Among 498 residency applicants to Bascom Palmer Eye Institute from the 2019 to 2020 cycle, 159 (31.9%) responded to a survey regarding their use of social media during the application process. In total, 54 (34%) responded that they used social media to evaluate residency programs. Conclusion Departments of top 20 ophthalmology residency had both a greater presence and following on social media compared with other departments. While Facebook was the most used platform by ophthalmology departments, applicants most commonly used Instagram. As applicants come to use these social media resources more frequently, ophthalmology residency programs may increasingly benefit from maintaining an active social media page.

ABSTRACT The purpose of this paper is to examine how user-generated positive social electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM) via Instagram affects brand attitude and, consequently, influences purchase intention of Rollover Reaction Lip Cream. The spending patterns of consumers, particularly decision-makers, have been affected to a substantial degree by the strong presence of brands on the web. eWOM, one among the shape of net product reviews, exercises extensive influence not only on the consumers’ attitude towards the brand but also impacts their buying intentions. A survey-based empirical study was conducted to examine the influence of social eWOM on brand attitude and purchase intention of consumers. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was applied using data collected from 120 respondents comprising users of Instagram. The research established that user-generated positive eWOM on social networking site, Instagram has an influence on Brand attitude and Purchase intention, and Brand attitude was found to be the biggest influence on purchase intention. Keywords: Brand attitude, Purchase intention, Instagram, Online Shop, Social eWOM ABSTRAK Electronic Word Of Mouth adalah salah satu pendekatan pemasaran yang digunakan pada era media sosial saat ini. Cepatnya arus informasi membuat konsumen melakukan transaksi informasi mengenai brand yang mereka gunakan atau mereka sukai dengan bentuk interaksi online.Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melihat interaksi Electronic Word Of Mouth yang positif dari pengguna sosial media Instagram berdampak pada brand attitude dan juga purchase intention terhadap brand Lipcream Rollover Reaction. EWOM tidak hanya mempengaruhi sikap pengguna terhadap merek lipstik lokal ini tetapi juga mempengaruhi keinginan membeli para konsumen. Penelitian yang berdasarkan survei ini dilakukan untuk melihat dampak dari social eWOM terhadap brand attitude dan purchase intention Lip Cream merek Rollover Reaction. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) digunakan untuk mengoleksi data 120 responden yang merupakan pengguna Instagram. Riset ini menemukan bahwa sosial eWOM positif dari pengguna instagram memiliki pengaruh terhadap brand attitude. Social eWOM positif juga memengaruhi purchase decision dari produk Lip Cream Rollover Reaction. Dari hasil temuan kami, ternyata brand attitude memiliki pengaruh terbesar terhadap purchase decision. Kata Kunci: Instagram, eWOM, Brand attitude, Purchase intention, Social eWOM

Being in a digital environment is challenging for a company in several aspects. It will be necessary to adapt its operational structure, reorganize its way of thinking, adjust the organizational culture, involve its employees in this way of acting, be up to the competitiveness of its competitors and, above all, be connected to its consumers. This means showing them that the company is aligned with the digital and “proving” that it works in this environment, offering good experiences in this relationship. In this sense, it is necessary to plan to be in the digital environment, get into digital marketing practices and understand the results it can bring. The study addresses the situation of a large company, which dominates the market in matters of customer service and experience, and which migrated on-site courses to a digital platform, but did not develop a strategic plan for dissemination and sale. The diagnostic analysis method was used, through qualitative research, from the observation and collection of internal data from the company and records of use by consumers of social networks taken into account - Instagram, LinkedIn and Facebook, in order to verify profile and behavior of accesses. The work contributes to the use of digital channels for the use of products and services in the Internet environment. The methodology used was qualitative analysis based on diagnostic analysis to obtain general knowledge about the proposed study, thus the general profile of the challenge situation improving specific actions.

RÉSUMÉ. Cette étude vise à développer des médias audiovisuels sur Instagram comme alternative à l'apprentissage du FLE en ligne pour la compréhension orale et la production orale. Cette étude a été menée en utilisant la méthode de recherche et développement (RD). Les résultats de cette recherche sont la création de médias audiovisuels sous la forme de publications de matériel, de vidéos de prononciation, de vidéos de pratique de la compréhension orale et de pratiques d'expression orale qui peuvent être utilisées et accessibles sur le site web d'Instagram [https://www.instagram.com/aylovefrench]. Les résultats de l'évaluation des experts montrent que ces supports pédagogiques ont un score moyen de 94,3 % (note " très bonne "). Par la suite, sur la base des résultats de l'évaluation des apprenants, ces supports d'apprentissage possèdent un score moyen de 79,39 % (mention " bien "). Par conséquent, ces supports sont considérés comme des aides pédagogiques utiles et contribuant à l'apprentissage de la compréhension orale et de la production orale au niveau A1.Mots-clés : Apprentissage du FLE en ligne, compréhension orale, production orale, niveau A1, Instagram, média audiovisuel.ABSTRACT. This study aims to develop audio-visual media on Instagram as an alternative to online FLE learning for listening comprehension and speaking skills. This study was conducted using the Research Development (RD) method. The results of this research is the creation of audio-visual media in the form of materials publications, pronunciation videos, videos to practice listening comprehension, and speaking skills practices that can be used and accessed on the Instagram website [https://www.instagram.com/aylovefrench]. The expert evaluation results show that these teaching materials have the average score of 94.3% ( " very good " rating). Subsequently, based on the evaluation results of the learners, these learning media possesses the average score 79.39% (mention "good"). Therefore, these media are considered useful and contributing teaching aids for learning listening comprehension and oral production at A1 level.Keywords : A1 level, Audio-visual media, Instagram, listening comprehension, Online FLE learning, Speaking skills, Instagram.

The information and communication technologies have revolutionized tourism and the promotion of cultural attractions. They constitute a tool with which to enhance the cultural heritage and economy of a territory in the context of tourism innovation. The article aims to analyze the potential of the website and social media of the Alcazar of Seville—declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO—in promoting tourism. The quality of this official website and social media was analyzed and evaluated through the 7 Loci model and the Nvivo tool, with weaknesses and strengths being identified. The analysis highlighted weaknesses in areas such as the content, which needs to be optimized, the impossibility of viewing the information in other languages, and the global management of the website and social media, which should be reviewed. The study also presents strengths, including excellent visibility and good positioning in the main search engines, links from the website to social media (Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and YouTube) and the adequacy of the time needed to download the pages.

Abstrak: Pandemic COVID-19 menjadi momentum untuk meningkatkan kompetensi guru pada pengelolaan Learning Management System. Setelah New Normal maka pembelajaran daring tetap menjadi partner pembelajaran luring. Pengelolaan pembelajaran dan publikasi informasi mitra belum berjalan secara serentak dan terpadu. Sistem pembelajaran menerapkan Google Classroom, akan tetapi publikasi informasi sekolah dikomunikasikan hanya melalui media sosial seperti Facebook, Instagram dan WhatsApp. Legitimasinya tentu kurang dari segi konten dan legalitas secara publikasi TIK. Di lain pihak, para guru pun memiliki keterbatasan pengetahuan dan keterampilan dalam mengelola semuanya. Tujuan pelatihan ini yaitu untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan sehingga mitra mampu membuat dan mengelola web personal maupun web sekolah secara professional menggunakan Google Site. Metode yang dilakukan yaitu persiapan, tindakan, evaluasi, publikasi dan keberlanjutan kegiatan. Hasil evaluasi post-test menunjukkan adanya peningkatan yang signifikan dari kondisi penjajakan awal. Peningkatan pengetahuan peserta mencapai 90,6% dan keterampilan peserta mencapai 87,5% . Kegiatan ini berkontribusi membangun jembatan distribusi kerjasama peningkatan profesionalisme pendidik di tengah masyarakat khususnya Kota Makassar.Abstract : The COVID-19 pandemic is a momentum to improve teacher competence in the Learning Management System. After the New Normal, online learning remains an offline learning partner. The LMS and publication of SIT Mutiara information has not run simultaneously and in an integrated manner. The learning system applies Classroom, but the publication of school information is communicated only through social media such as Facebook, Instagram and WhatsApp. Its legitimacy is certainly lacking in terms of content and legality in terms of ICT publications. On the other hand, teachers also have limited soft-skills and hard-skills in managing everything. The purpose of the training in this community service activity is to increase knowledge and skills so that they can create and manage personal and school websites professionally using the Google Site. The methods are preparation, action, evaluation, publication, and continuation of activities. The results of the post-test showed a significant improvement from the initial assessment conditions. Increased knowledge participants reached 90.6% and skills of participants reached 87.5%. This activity contributes to building a distribution bridge to improve the professionalism of educators in the Makassar City.

A strong showing and movement structures accomplish client improvement, proficiency, and extended length affiliation achievement. Present business regions become more powerful through creating business areas, globalization, and imaginative headway, which have quickly changed the business world. Stages like Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and YouTube are pushing propelling relationships toward another course utilizing the web entertainment show. Electronic redirection has attacked so remarkably into a colossal number of individuals' lives by and large it has correspondingly stood separated for support. This study will assist with closing what it means for Pakistani purchasers' purchasing conduct. The improvement of the site capacity subsequently upgrades client lead. Other analyzed data confirms that brand equity has a positive and significant effect on the purchase intentions of consumers. In the proposed model of this study, the relationship between brand equity and the dimensions of consumer behavior including the willingness to pay for an extra cost, brand preference, and purchase intention is investigated. A convenient sampling technique has been adopted to collect data from 200 local residents of Faisalabad aged 18-48 onwards who are active users of social networking sites i.e., Instagram, and Facebook, and follow luxury brands such as Nishat Linen, Khaadi, and Sapphire. The collected data has been coded in SPSS and analyzed in descriptive devices. Results proclaimed that an increase in social media marketing of luxury brand directly increase consumer buying behavior and hence, significantly increase brand equity. Keywords: luxury brands, consumer behavior, brand equity, social media marketing

Cette thèse vise à examiner la construction discursive de la géo-localisation (dite, géotag) « Café deFlore » sur Instagram, un réseau social en ligne. Les recherches, analyses et conclusions présentéess’inspirent de travaux dans les domaines du paysage linguistique en ligne (« Online LinguisticLandscape »), des discours d’élite, et de la sociolinguistique du tourisme. À l’aide de perspectivesconstructivistes, interactionnelles et multimodales, la thèse analyse comment 404 individus utilisentleurs répertoires linguistiques et les ressources multimodales offertes par cet environnement digitalpour mettre en scène les différents espaces géographiques qui convergent dans le géotag, tels quele quartier de Saint-Germain, la ville de Paris, le Café de Flore lui-même, et la plateforme d’Instagram.Enfin, je questionne comment et par quels moyens ces individus se construisent une identité dansces multiples contextes. À l’aide de mes données, je soutiens que la mythologie qui entoure le Caféde Flore permet aux individus qui s’y rendent de commodifier leur identité et de se représenter faceà leurs publics comme des parisiens éphémères. De même, il ressort de mes analyses qu’une forteinfluence est exercée par le Café de Flore sur la production de ces données. Cette influence est visibleà la fois dans l’organisation sémiotique mise en place par le café lui-même et dans les interactionsparasociales entretenues sur Instagram avec ses clients après leur visite, brouillant nosreprésentations de ce paysage linguistique en ligne comme étant véritablement « généré parl'utilisateur »
This thesis examines the discursive construction of the Instagram geotag Café de Flore through aspecific focus on the fields of online linguistic landscape, elite discourse studies, and thesociolinguistics of tourism. Borrowing from these traditions, my research investigates how 404Instagram users make use of language, semiotic modes and platform affordances to represent theirimmediate setting(s) and themselves while at Café de Flore. I suggest that the longstandingmythologies surrounding the café are conspicuously mobilized by the café’s clientele, allowing theseusers to commodify their experiences at Café de Flore and fashion themselves as ephemeralParisians. In parallel, I contend that a strong influence is exerted by the café on the production ofthese data. Using both sociolinguistic and social-semiotic theoretical frames, I analyze the tensionsthat arise in this space when an individual’s identity is privileged over the voice of the café and itsproprietor. I argue that Café de Flore’s influence is perceptible both in the semiotic organization ofits geotag and in the mediated, parasocial interactions it conducts on Instagram with its customersafter their visit. Visibility thus emerges as a game of power as Café de Flore implements creativetactics to exert control over its analogous representation on Instagram, blurring our representationsof this online linguistic landscape as one that is strictly “user-generated”

Nowadays, Social Networking Sites has become part of the daily routine of the majority of people with an important role in their lives, not only to connect and interact with other users but also to gather and share information. To take this fact as an opportunity, managers used SNS as a channel to advertise their products/services. This dissertation explores the better decision of the type of content for a digital campaign in a SNS context, to increase the interaction with the user and impact his behaviour on the respective e-commerce promoted. To this end, an Instagram campaign from a Portuguese company in the fashion industry was used to analyse the impact of two specific types of content, static image and video, in relevant metrics such as the website traffic that was analysed by the clicks that the ad generated, the shopping cart abandonment and the total number of sales. The results concluded that video content advertising leads more users to the website and there is a potential impact in sales to, even not conclusive. Regarding the type of content previous selected in the ad, this does not influence the decision of the consumer to abandon the shopping car.
Hoje em dia, as Redes Sociais tornaram-se parte da rotina diária da maioria das pessoas revelando um papel importante nas suas vidas, não só por conectar e interagir com outros usuários, mas também, para recolher e partilhar informação. Para tirar este facto como uma oportunidade, os gestores utilizam as redes socias como canais para publicitar os seus produtos/serviços. Esta dissertação explora a melhor decisão do tipo de conteúdo para uma campanha digital no contexto de redes sociais, para aumentar a interação com o usuário e impactar o seu comportamento no respectivo e-commerce promovido. Para este fim, foi usada uma campanha de uma conta de Instagram de uma empresa portuguesa na indústria da moda, para analisar o impacto de dois tipos de conteúdos específicos, imagem estática e vídeo, em métricas relevantes, tais como: o tráfico do site que foi analisado através do número de clicks que ocorreram no anúncio; o número de carrinhos abandonados e o número total de vendas. Os resultados concluíram que o anúncio com o conteúdo em vídeo leva mais usuários para o site e que existe um pequeno impacto, mesmo não sendo conclusivo, nas vendas. Tendo em conta o tipo de conteúdo previamente seleccionado no anúncio, este nos tem influência na decisão do consumidor de abandonar o carrinho virtual.

Seja através de uma pesquisa num motor de busca ou de um social media (mídia social), nos dias que correm é cada vez mais frequente que o primeiro contacto de um potencial consumidor com uma marca se dê através de um canal de comunicação online. Dado isto, torna-se imprescindível que as organizações saibam gerir a reputação online (e-reputation) das suas marcas no sentido de definir ações nos social media que estejam alinhadas com a identidade das mesmas. Com esta nova dinâmica de comunicação marca - consumidor, as empresas reconhecerem a importância dos social media para fortalecimento da reputação das suas marcas tornando-se o foco do desenvolvimento de uma imagem no mercado. Como tal, definiu-se a seguinte questão de investigação: “Qual a importância das estratégias de social media na e-reputation das marcas?” No sentido de ajudar as empresas a melhorarem as estratégias digitais e consequentemente a reputação das suas marcas esta dissertação tem como objetivo perceber a importância da implementação de estratégias de social media no desenvolvimento da e-reputation da marca Control. Para responder à questão de investigação e ao objetivo proposto, a metodologia da investigação passou por um estudo de caso com uma abordagem quali-quantitativa, onde se utilizou como instrumento de recolha de dados uma entrevista semi-diretiva com a direção do departamento de marketing da unidade de análise (Control) e a aplicação de um inquérito por questionário aos seguidores da página de Instagram da unidade de análise. Para análise dos dados recorreu-se ao programa estatístico SPSS Statistics. Com a análise de dados, os resultados mostraram que uma estratégia de social media que se encontre alinhada com a identidade corporativa da marca traz vantagens positivas para a mesma dado que propicia a criação de uma relação fidedigna entre a imagem que a marca comunica e aquilo que a marca é. O que leva a que os seguidores percecionem a marca exatamente como ela é e passem a identificar-se e a partilhar conteúdo estratégico com outros utilizadores dos sites de redes sociais aumentando assim a reputação da mesma.
Whether through a search on a search engine or a social media (social media), nowadays it is more and more frequent that the first contact of a potential consumer with a brand takes place through an online communication channel. Given this, it is essential that the associations know how to generate an online reputation (e-reputation) of their brands in the sense of defining actions in the social media that dressed in line with their identity. With this new dynamic of brand - consumer communication, companies recognize the importance of social media for strengthening the reputation of their brands, becoming the focus of developing an image in the market. As such, the following research question was defined: “What is the importance of social networks in the e-reputation of brands?” In order to help companies switch to digital and consequently the reputation of their brands to improve this dissertation aims to understand the importance of implementing social media in the development of the e-reputation of the Control brand. To answer the research question and the proposed objective, the research methodology underwent a case study with a qualitative and quantitative approach, where a semi-directive interview with the direction of the marketing department of the marketing unit is used as a data grant instrument. analysis (Control) and the application of a questionnaire survey to the followers of the analysis unit's Instagram page. For data analysis, the statistical program SPSS Statistics was used. With a data analysis, the essential results that a social media strategy that is aligned with the corporate identity of the brand brings positive advantages for the same data that allows the creation of a trustworthy relationship between the image that the brand communicates and what it the brand is. Which leads followers to perceive the brand exactly as it is and start identifying themselves and sharing strategic content with other users of social networking sites, thus increasing its reputation.

Facebook is regarded as a popular social network in Kenya more so among the youth besides other sites like Instagram and Twitter. A study conducted by World Wide Web Foundation revealed that more than one in every five women in Kenya have experienced cyberbulling. Such study results justifies that the internet is rife with harassment with more women bearing the brunt as compared to men. The main objective of the study was to establish forms of cyber-bullying among young women between 25 to 35 years old on Facebook platform. It was established that unwanted trolls, doxing, and sexual harassment were the dominant cyberbullying trends on Facebook among young women in Kenya with men being the highest perpetrators of cyberbullying than women. It was also established that there is lack of awareness among young women on Facebook Safety, which is a resource developed by Facebook for reporting inappropriate content and help protect people who may be feeling self-injury due to cyberbullying on Facebook.

Facebook is regarded as a popular social network in Kenya more so among the youth besides other sites like Instagram and Twitter. A study conducted by World Wide Web Foundation revealed that more than one in every five women in Kenya have experienced cyberbulling. Such study results justifies that the internet is rife with harassment with more women bearing the brunt as compared to men. The main objective of the study was to establish forms of cyber-bullying among young women between 25 to 35 years old on Facebook platform. It was established that unwanted trolls, doxing, and sexual harassment were the dominant cyberbullying trends on Facebook among young women in Kenya with men being the highest perpetrators of cyberbullying than women. It was also established that there is lack of awareness among young women on Facebook Safety, which is a resource developed by Facebook for reporting inappropriate content and help protect people who may be feeling self-injury due to cyberbullying on Facebook.

Facebook is regarded as a popular social network in Kenya more so among the youth besides other sites like Instagram and Twitter. A study conducted by World Wide Web Foundation revealed that more than one in every five women in Kenya have experienced cyberbulling. Such study results justifies that the internet is rife with harassment with more women bearing the brunt as compared to men. The main objective of the study was to establish forms of cyber-bullying among young women between 25 to 35 years old on Facebook platform. It was established that unwanted trolls, doxing, and sexual harassment were the dominant cyberbullying trends on Facebook among young women in Kenya with men being the highest perpetrators of cyberbullying than women. It was also established that there is lack of awareness among young women on Facebook Safety, which is a resource developed by Facebook for reporting inappropriate content and help protect people who may be feeling self-injury due to cyberbullying on Facebook.

The following concerns the “misinformation problem” on social media during the run-up to the 2020 U.S. presidential election. Employing data journalism techniques, it develops a form of cross-platform analysis that is attuned to both commensurability as well as platform specificity. It analyses the top-ranked political content on seven platforms and finds that each marginalizes mainstream media and mainstreams the fringe. TikTok parodies mainstream media, while 4chan and Reddit dismiss it and direct users to alternative influence networks and extreme YouTube content. Twitter prefers the hyperpartisan over it. Facebook’s “fake news” problem concerns declining amounts of mainstream media referenced. Instagram has influencers dominating user engagement. By comparison, Google Web Search buoys special interest sites. It concludes with a discussion of how platforms filter the content through increasing editorial intervention.

An estimated 2.62 billion people use social networking sites worldwide. Only recently have studies been carried out to explore the impact of social media in terms of creating new conditions such as cyberbullying, Internet addictions, and suicide contagion, among many other forms of mental health concerns. However, social media can play a role in education and public mental health interventions. Different types of social media include computerized self-help strategies, online psychotherapy and support groups, websites with medical information, forums, blogs, web applications, mobile apps, games, and networking platforms like Facebook, Instagram, Google+, Snapchat, Twitter, Flickr, YouTube, Pinterest, and Reddit. There are generational differences in the degree of familiarity and use of social media for gathering information and seeking education. The challenge for clinicians and public health educators is to try and use social media for betterment of society.

Due to the advent of Web 2.0, the size of social media content (SMC) is growing rapidly and likely to increase faster in the near future. Social media applications such as Instagram, Twitter, Facebook, etc. have become an integral part of our lives, as they prompt the people to give their opinions and share information around the world. Identifying emotions in SMC is important for many aspects of sentiment analysis (SA) and is a top-level agenda of many firms today. SA on social media (SASM) extends an organization's ability to capture and study public sentiments toward social events and activities in real time. This chapter studies recent advances in machine learning (ML) used for SMC analysis and its applications. The framework of SASM consists of several phases, such as data collection, pre-processing, feature representation, model building, and evaluation. This survey presents the basic elements of SASM and its utility. Furthermore, the study reports that ML has a significant contribution to SMC mining. Finally, the research highlights certain issues related to ML used for SMC.

Due to the advent of Web 2.0, the size of social media content (SMC) is growing rapidly and likely to increase faster in the near future. Social media applications such as Instagram, Twitter, Facebook, etc. have become an integral part of our lives, as they prompt the people to give their opinions and share information around the world. Identifying emotions in SMC is important for many aspects of sentiment analysis (SA) and is a top-level agenda of many firms today. SA on social media (SASM) extends an organization's ability to capture and study public sentiments toward social events and activities in real time. This chapter studies recent advances in machine learning (ML) used for SMC analysis and its applications. The framework of SASM consists of several phases, such as data collection, pre-processing, feature representation, model building, and evaluation. This survey presents the basic elements of SASM and its utility. Furthermore, the study reports that ML has a significant contribution to SMC mining. Finally, the research highlights certain issues related to ML used for SMC.

In this paper, we present web-based services and tools used in school practice to empower students and teachers to develop cross-curricular competencies. These competencies include lifelong learning, communication, work with data and information, digital competence, cooperation, responsible attitude towards the environment, aesthetic competence, entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial competence. In particular, we focus on the educational profile of tourism technician and the subjects Business Informatics, Geography, Tourism Geography, Marketing in Tourism and Hospitality, Agency and Hotel Business. Our goal is to instruct teachers of all professions in the existence of web 2.0 tools and popularize their use. These tools allow students to connect the acquired knowledge in computer science in the creation of websites and apply them in tasks in other subjects. The possibility of creating public websites free of charge, simultaneous teamwork with administrator access from different locations, as well as integrating Google surveys, translators, calendars, site search, YouTube content and links to social networks (Instagram, Facebook, etc.) are particularly emphasized. With this, students develop key digital competences and entrepreneurial competences for competitive employment in the labor market.

There are many aspects that influence the importance of a university. Among these, web visibility is taking advantage of available technology, focusing on the benefits of internet and social media. This paper provides an analysis of the Romanian public and private universities websites, using alexa.com, a tool for website traffic analysis. Moreover, the official social media accounts of universities (Facebook, Twitter, Google+, Flickr, YouTube and Instagram) were analysed, collecting several data such as: the number of likes and followers, the number of subscribers and the number of posts. The analysis was performed using ANOVA and Nonparametric Test for the presence via websites and Spearman and Pearson correlation to assess the correlation between social media and website traffic. In general, public universities from Romania have more visibility and a higher number of links to their websites compared to private ones. Based on the fact that Facebook and site content are often related, it should be noted that activity on Facebook may improve website rankings for Romanian universities.

Introdução: No contexto da promoção da transparência ativa e disseminação das informações de interesse público e para pesquisa, o Arquivo Central/SIARQ implantou projetos e ações de comunicação para diversos públicos, facilitando o acesso ao seu acervo documental. Objetivo: Difundir as múltiplas facetas da memória institucional a agentes de gestão documental, comunidade universitária e toda a sociedade. Metodologia: As ações, periódicas e em concordância com normativas arquivísticas, resultam de pesquisa, curadoria, digitalização, conteúdo multimídia e desenvolvimento web, realizados por equipe multidisciplinar. Estratégias e planejamento são definidos conjuntamente. Entre os temas abordados, estão a instalação de unidades e órgãos, trajetória científica e de ensino de pesquisadores, estudos desenvolvidos em diversas áreas do conhecimento e seus impactos acadêmicos e sociais, cenas de convívio e cotidiano, além de iniciativas de extensão universitária. Resultados: Atualização do site, fundamentada na experiência do usuário. Vídeos temáticos. Projetos de história oral, notícias e posts comemorativos. Canais de divulgação Facebook, Instagram e Youtube são os canais de divulgação. Calendário de postagens, com periodicidade das publicações. Redes sociais somam 400 postagens em outubro de 2023. Entre as exposições físicas e virtuais, estão “Mostra Unicamp: recortes de uma trajetória”; “Publicações Estudantis da Unicamp”, “Simtec 25 anos”, “Direitos Humanos na Unicamp” e“40 anos do acervo de Sérgio Buarque de Holanda”, esta realizada com a Biblioteca de Obras Raras “Fausto Castilho” (BORA). Conclusão: Fortalecimento do vínculo da instituição arquivística com diversos públicos e maior visibilidade às fontes de pesquisa. Práticas de comunicação com maior dinamismo quanto às tecnologias, linguagem e temáticas.

Aim/Purpose: This paper provides the results of the preliminary analysis of the findings of an ongoing study that seeks to examine the social media use, cultural and political awareness, civic engagement, issue prioritization, and social activism of Gen Z students enrolled at four different institutional types located in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. The aim of this study is to look at the group as a whole as well as compare findings across populations. The institutional types under consideration include a mid-sized majority serving or otherwise referred to as a traditionally white institution (TWI) located in a small coastal city on the Atlantic Ocean, a small Historically Black University (HBCU) located in a rural area, a large community college located in a county that is a mixture of rural and suburban and which sits on the border of Maryland and Pennsylvania, and graduating high school students enrolled in career and technical education (CTE) programs in a large urban area. This exploration is purposed to examine the behaviors and expectations of Gen Z students within a representative American region during a time of tremendous turmoil and civil unrest in the United States. Background: Over 74 million strong, Gen Z makes up almost one-quarter of the U.S. population. They already outnumber any current living generation and are the first true digital natives. Born after 1996 and through 2012, they are known for their short attention spans and heightened ability to multi-task. Raised in the age of the smart phone, they have been tethered to digital devices from a young age with most having the preponderance of their childhood milestones commemorated online. Often called Zoomers, they are more racially and ethnically diverse than any previous generation and are on track to be the most well-educated generation in history. Gen Zers in the United States have been found in the research to be progressive and pro-government and viewing increasing racial and ethnic diversity as positive change. Finally, they are less likely to hold xenophobic beliefs such as the notion of American exceptionalism and superiority that have been popular with by prior generations. The United States has been in a period of social and civil unrest in recent years with concerns over systematic racism, rampant inequalities, political polarization, xenophobia, police violence, sexual assault and harassment, and the growing epidemic of gun violence. Anxieties stirred by the COVID-19 pandemic further compounded these issues resulting in a powder keg explosion occurring throughout the summer of 2020 and leading well into 2021. As a result, the United States has deteriorated significantly in the Civil Unrest Index falling from 91st to 34th. The vitriol, polarization, protests, murders, and shootings have all occurred during Gen Z’s formative years, and the limited research available indicates that it has shaped their values and political views. Methodology: The Mid-Atlantic region is a portion of the United States that exists as the overlap between the northeastern and southeastern portions of the country. It includes the nation’s capital, as well as large urban centers, small cities, suburbs, and rural enclaves. It is one of the most socially, economically, racially, and culturally diverse parts of the United States and is often referred to as the “typically American region.” An electronic survey was administered to students from 2019 through 2021 attending a high school dual enrollment program, a minority serving institution, a majority serving institution, and a community college all located within the larger mid-Atlantic region. The survey included a combination of multiple response, Likert scaled, dichotomous, open ended, and ordinal questions. It was developed in the Survey Monkey system and reviewed by several content and methodological experts in order to examine bias, vagueness, or potential semantic problems. Finally, the survey was pilot tested prior to implementation in order to explore the efficacy of the research methodology. It was then modified accordingly prior to widespread distribution to potential participants. The surveys were administered to students enrolled in classes taught by the authors all of whom are educators. Participation was voluntary, optional, and anonymous. Over 800 individuals completed the survey with just over 700 usable results, after partial completes and the responses of individuals outside of the 18-24 age range were removed. Findings: Participants in this study overwhelmingly were users of social media. In descending order, YouTube, Instagram, Snapchat, Twitter, Facebook, Pinterest, WhatsApp, LinkedIn and Tik Tok were the most popular social media services reported as being used. When volume of use was considered, Instagram, Snapchat, YouTube and Twitter were the most cited with most participants reporting using Instagram and Snapchat multiple times a day. When asked to select which social media service they would use if forced to choose just one, the number one choice was YouTube followed by Instagram and Snapchat. Additionally, more than half of participants responded that they have uploaded a video to a video sharing site such as YouTube or Tik Tok. When asked about their familiarity with different technologies, participants overwhelmingly responded that they are “very familiar” with smart phones, searching the Web, social media, and email. About half the respondents said that they were “very familiar” with common computer applications such as the Microsoft Office Suite or Google Suite with another third saying that they were “somewhat familiar.” When asked about Learning Management Systems (LMS) like Blackboard, Course Compass, Canvas, Edmodo, Moodle, Course Sites, Google Classroom, Mindtap, Schoology, Absorb, D2L, itslearning, Otus, PowerSchool, or WizIQ, only 43% said they were “very familiar” with 31% responding that they were “somewhat familiar.” Finally, about half the students were either “very” or “somewhat” familiar with operating systems such as Windows. A few preferences with respect to technology in the teaching and learning process were explored in the survey. Most students (85%) responded that they want course announcements and reminders sent to their phones, 76% expect their courses to incorporate the use of technology, 71% want their courses to have course websites, and 71% said that they would rather watch a video than read a book chapter. When asked to consider the future, over 81% or respondents reported that technology will play a major role in their future career. Most participants considered themselves “informed” or “well informed” about current events although few considered themselves “very informed” or “well informed” about politics. When asked how they get their news, the most common forum reported for getting news and information about current events and politics was social media with 81% of respondents reporting. Gen Z is known to be an engaged generation and the participants in this study were not an exception. As such, it came as no surprise to discover that, in the past year more than 78% of respondents had educated friends or family about an important social or political issue, about half (48%) had donated to a cause of importance to them, more than a quarter (26%) had participated in a march or rally, and a quarter (26%) had actively boycotted a product or company. Further, about 37% consider themselves to be a social activist with another 41% responding that aren’t sure if they would consider themselves an activist and only 22% saying that they would not consider themselves an activist. When asked what issues were important to them, the most frequently cited were Black Lives Matter (75%), human trafficking (68%), sexual assault/harassment/Me Too (66.49%), gun violence (65.82%), women’s rights (65.15%), climate change (55.4%), immigration reform/deferred action for childhood arrivals (DACA) (48.8%), and LGBTQ+ rights (47.39%). When the schools were compared, there were only minor differences in social media use with the high school students indicating slightly more use of Tik Tok than the other participants. All groups were virtually equal when it came to how informed they perceived themselves about current events and politics. Consensus among groups existed with respect to how they get their news, and the community college and high school students were slightly more likely to have participated in a march, protest, or rally in the last 12 months than the university students. The community college and high school students were also slightly more likely to consider themselves social activists than the participants from either of the universities. When the importance of the issues was considered, significant differences based on institutional type were noted. Black Lives Matter (BLM) was identified as important by the largest portion of students attending the HBCU followed by the community college students and high school students. Less than half of the students attending the TWI considered BLM an important issue. Human trafficking was cited as important by a higher percentage of students attending the HBCU and urban high school than at the suburban and rural community college or the TWI. Sexual assault was considered important by the majority of students at all the schools with the percentage a bit smaller from the majority serving institution. About two thirds of the students at the high school, community college, and HBCU considered gun violence important versus about half the students at the majority serving institution. Women’s rights were reported as being important by more of the high school and HBCU participants than the community college or TWI. Climate change was considered important by about half the students at all schools with a slightly smaller portion reporting out the HBCU. Immigration reform/DACA was reported as important by half the high school, community college, and HBCU participants with only a third of the students from the majority serving institution citing it as an important issue. With respect to LGBTQ rights approximately half of the high school and community college participants cited it as important, 44.53% of the HBCU students, and only about a quarter of the students attending the majority serving institution. Contribution and Conclusion: This paper provides a timely investigation into the mindset of generation Z students living in the United States during a period of heightened civic unrest. This insight is useful to educators who should be informed about the generation of students that is currently populating higher education. The findings of this study are consistent with public opinion polls by Pew Research Center. According to the findings, the Gen Z students participating in this study are heavy users of multiple social media, expect technology to be integrated into teaching and learning, anticipate a future career where technology will play an important role, informed about current and political events, use social media as their main source for getting news and information, and fairly engaged in social activism. When institutional type was compared the students from the university with the more affluent and less diverse population were less likely to find social justice issues important than the other groups. Recommendations for Practitioners: During disruptive and contentious times, it is negligent to think that the abounding issues plaguing society are not important to our students. Gauging the issues of importance and levels of civic engagement provides us crucial information towards understanding the attitudes of students. Further, knowing how our students gain information, their social media usage, as well as how informed they are about current events and political issues can be used to more effectively communicate and educate. Recommendations for Researchers: As social media continues to proliferate daily life and become a vital means of news and information gathering, additional studies such as the one presented here are needed. Additionally, in other countries facing similarly turbulent times, measuring student interest, awareness, and engagement is highly informative. Impact on Society: During a highly contentious period replete with a large volume of civil unrest and compounded by a global pandemic, understanding the behaviors and attitudes of students can help us as higher education faculty be more attuned when it comes to the design and delivery of curriculum. Future Research This presentation presents preliminary findings. Data is still being collected and much more extensive statistical analyses will be performed.

The present work involves the development of a learning model for the analysis of data from telecommunication and social networks for devices that make voice calls and data sessions, using Business Intelligence concepts and tools. The paper has a multi/interdisciplinary character, calling for e-learning, telecommunication, database, programming, IT applications and social/business networks. Business Intelligence (BI) refers to those data analysis systems by integrating them into a platform that allows the association of information through data transformation operations. For this analysis to be effective, it is necessary to identify and define the required quality indicators (KPIs: Key Performance Indicators) and the desired associations with them, which can be made in the BI platform. The information extraction operations can be done in the SQL queries area or when data is uploaded to the BI platform, taking into account the following factors: database queries efficiency, transformation efficiency at BI platform level, and available hardware capacity for calculations. There is a balance between the volume of SQL queries, taking into account the complexity of the queries (number and type of joins) and the size of the files to be imported into the platform. Consideration may also be given to how new data is added to source files for the BI platform. The applications developed for this purpose allow the analysis of KPIs by applying filters that make easier to understand the general problems of an application and identify network areas where possible degradation or shortcomings are observed. Developing a solution for analyzing these aspects of radio measurements and comparing operators on various criteria for voice and data and application testing comes as a response to the need to be able to analyze and interpret a huge amount of data accumulated over very long periods (years) and to identify the main elements that can lead to improved network performance. BI analysis is addressed to business managerial levels for discovery of large deficiencies without analyzing each test, satisfying the need for interaction by allocating a minimum number of parameters associated with KPIs so that analysis and decisions taken consequently have a high impact for a company benefits. BI analysis is predominantly conducted in the telecommunications field, but the same principles can be used in other areas, and the way of working can be adapted to serve as a strong starting point in any type of analysis for which information is available at the level of a database. In order to be able to apply the BI analysis tools, databases containing information specific to the 2G, 3G and 4G technologies (GSM, WCDMA and LTE) have been developed. Databases contain tables populated with metrics representing information similar to those collected during telecommunication measurements (data generation is done through popular spreadsheet scripts with Excel support). Multiple SQL queries for denormalizing, aggregating, and transforming data have also been developed for use as a data source in the KPIs analysis, comparison, and interpretation process. In order to apply these data transformation queries in a format that facilitates further BI analysis, a C# application that exports the new content to a predefined area is made available to the BI environment (in text format). The new C# content is loaded into the QLIK Sense Desktop platform, a BI development environment where another set of data transformations, (defining legends to create geo-location features for elements) is loaded in this environment. The next step is to develop specific formulas, taking into account the new available structure to obtain KPIs with expected values and views for post-denormalization analysis. Two dashboards were developed for this purpose: voice and data tests. Configuring the development environment involves setting the connection to the location where the new content is placed, uploading these data, modifying them, creating formulas, identifying causes of value-based telecoms errors, creating a range for radio measurement values, and creating functions for geo-location of data using QLIK script syntax. It is defined a graphical interface by creating, where necessary, maps of geo-tagged data, filters, graphs, pivot tables, pie-charts, histograms, etc. across multiple display sheets, organized to contain the information specific to a particular analysis, thereby creating an analytical context in which the information required for use in the analysis is arranged adjacent, in the form of filters or graphs, the results being easier to interpret by introducing color coding formulas. The definition of special formulas and their application uses KPIs, and their development is carried out with a language specific to the development environment: QLIK Sense Desktop. Part of analyzing data in a BI environment is to interpret data and various configurations. Depending on who accesses such an environment, one can configure (in the web version) different access modes and set up visible information for each user so that a manager can access general performance sheets and an RF engineer can access specific performance sheets, both of which being designed to enhance the ability of each to interpret, decide, and improve the desired performance. Another important aspect is the low analysis time, due to the fact that the data automatically undergoes a transformation that initially had to be manually adapted. Automatic correlations that may go unnoticed, and there is also the ability to adapt and change over time. Increased efficiency comes from the fact that uncorrelated information in the database becomes correlated. BI applications refresh after each selected criterion so that the same graph shows different information if a single operator/service is selected. The paper contains detailed BI complex analysis examples for the video player in social networks: YouTube, Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, etc. In the BI environment, possible causes for the effects observed in the operations are performed, resulting in an easier interpretation of the results. This information can be valuable to departments such as Marketing/Sales, Network Operations Center, Optimization/Planning, etc. Data analysis by using a BI platform is useful when data sources are not directly correlated, allowing optimized visualization and identification of KPIs performance and metrics specifically defined for fast and efficient handling of data specific to mobile telecom operators and social networks or business networks.