Dissertationen zum Thema „Ingénierie de caractéristiques“
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Siqueira, Pablo. „Optimisation des caractéristiques de frontière : Application aux structures mécano-soudées“. Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ECDL0030.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work treats the characteristics of large, welded mechanical structures. Special attention is given to the damping behavior at the welded boundaries. The problem is presented in the first chapter, with a review of joint models and a proposed modeling of damping. This model can be used to estimate the energy dissipation rate in a project before constructing the prototype to carry out experimental tests. The necessity to develop new tools for joint modeling are also discussed. The second chapter is a review of dynamic equilibrium principles in primal and dual formulation. The third chapter shows the application of these principles in substructuring techniques. Hybrid methods are presented in both primal and dual formulation. The application of these methods to the analysis of intermediate configurations between free and solid-clamped structures is also presented. In the fourth chapter some methods to update the terms related to the boundary coordinates are developed. The fifth chapter presents the extension of the substructuring hybrid models to dissipative and non-linear case. Some examples of application of the techncique are presented
Al-Msie'Deen, Ra'Fat. „Construction de lignes de produits logiciels par rétro-ingénierie de modèles de caractéristiques à partir de variantes de logiciels: l'approche REVPLINE“. Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01015102.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAl-Msie', Deen Ra'Fat. „Construction de lignes de produits logiciels par rétro-ingénierie de modèles de caractéristiques à partir de variantes de logiciels : l'approche REVPLINE“. Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON20024/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe idea of Software Product Line (SPL) approach is to manage a family of similar software products in a reuse-based way. Reuse avoids repetitions, which helps reduce development/maintenance effort, shorten time-to-market and improve overall quality of software. To migrate from existing software product variants into SPL, one has to understand how they are similar and how they differ one from another. Companies often develop a set of software variants that share some features and differ in other ones to meet specific requirements. To exploit existing software variants and build a software product line, a feature model must be built as a first step. To do so, it is necessary to extract mandatory and optional features in addition to associate each feature with its name. Then, it is important to organize the mined and documented features into a feature model. In this context, our thesis proposes three contributions.Thus, we propose, in this dissertation as a first contribution a new approach to mine features from the object-oriented source code of a set of software variants based on Formal Concept Analysis, code dependency and Latent Semantic Indexing. The novelty of our approach is that it exploits commonality and variability across software variants, at source code level, to run Information Retrieval methods in an efficient way. The second contribution consists in documenting the mined feature implementations based on Formal Concept Analysis, Latent Semantic Indexing and Relational Concept Analysis. We propose a complementary approach, which aims to document the mined feature implementations by giving names and descriptions, based on the feature implementations and use-case diagrams of software variants. The novelty of our approach is that it exploits commonality and variability across software variants, at feature implementations and use-cases levels, to run Information Retrieval methods in an efficient way. In the third contribution, we propose an automatic approach to organize the mined documented features into a feature model. Features are organized in a tree which highlights mandatory features, optional features and feature groups (and, or, xor groups). The feature model is completed with requirement and mutual exclusion constraints. We rely on Formal Concept Analysis and software configurations to mine a unique and consistent feature model. To validate our approach, we applied it on three case studies: ArgoUML-SPL, Health complaint-SPL, Mobile media software product variants. The results of this evaluation validate the relevance and the performance of our proposal as most of the features and its constraints were correctly identified
Bouikni, Nadjib. „Ingénierie simultanée et gestion du cycle de vie du produit modèle de validation des évolutions des caractéristiques du produit“. Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2005. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/1768.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBui, Quoc-Bao. „Stabilité des structures en pisé : durabilité, caractéristiques mécaniques“. Lyon, INSA, 2008. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2008ISAL0093/these.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRammed earth construction is an ancient technique which is attracting renewed interest throughout the world today, thanks to the energy performance of this material throughout the lifecycle of a building: construction, occupation and demolition phases. Although rammed earth is currently regarded as a promising material in the construction sector in the context of sustainable development, it is still difficult to quantify its durability, as well as its mechanical and thermal performances, which discourages people from using it. This thesis is devoted to the study of these problems, especially the two first ones. The study of the durability of rammed earth was carried out on rammed earth walls exposed for 20 years to natural weathering, in a wet continental climate. A method to measure the rammed earth walls erosion by stereo-photogrammetry has been developed. The result shows a lifetime longer than 60 years in the case of the unstabilised rammed earth wall. This shows a potential for the use of unstabilised rammed earth in the similar climatic conditions with this study. The method of stereo-photogrammetry used to measure the erosion of rammed earth walls on site may also help to calibrate and develop more pertinent laboratory test to assess the durability of rammed earth wall. The study of the mechanical characteristics of rammed earth in compression was carried out on three different scales. The first is the scale of in-situ walls. Dynamic measurements were carried out on site to determine the Eigen frequencies of the walls. The elastic modulus was determined from the frequencies measured by using a finite element model. The second is the scale of a representative volume element (RVE). Rammed earth RVE samples with dimensions similar to those of the walls on site were manufactured and tested in the laboratory. Finally, at the last scale, called the micro-mechanical scale, tests were performed on equivalent compressed earth blocks (CEBs), which can replace the rammed earth RVE samples to facilitate laboratory tests. An exploratory study of seismic characteristics of rammed earth houses has also been established. The comparison of Eigen periods of rammed earth houses obtained from in-situ measurements and those of empirical formula proposed by seismic standards has been done. The strengthening techniques to improve the seismic capacity of rammed earth houses were also discussed
Deneux, Dominique. „Méthodologie de reconnaissance de caractéristiques d'usinage : Une contribution à l'ingénierie simultanée“. Valenciennes, 1993. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/af30ac45-95ed-4e24-bc5a-28c0a51135c2.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMsaaf, Omar. „Validation des caractéristiques d'usinage par des grammaires d'usinage attribuées : une contribution à la prise en compte des contraintes d'usinage en cours de conception“. Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2002. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/797/1/MSAFF_Omar.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTehari, Abdenour. „Analyse morphologique de modèles pour décrire un produit par des caractéristiques, en fonction du point de vue“. Lyon 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LYO10027.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAberni, Yassir. „Algorithmes de reconnaissance biométrique multispectrale par l’empreinte et les veines palmaires“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021PA080083.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBiometrics is increasingly becoming an important technology to improve security and bring solutions to services requiring authentication and/or data protection. Several biometric traits have been studied and used for biometric recognition, such as palm prints. Although many recognition methods based on the palm print have been proposed and successfully applied; where most of them generally uses only the images acquired in natural light. It is difficult to further improve the accuracy of recognition based on these palm print images due to limitations related to natural light, including the ability of identity theft attacks, degradation of palm prints over time due to several factors such as environment, ethnicity or age. Multi-spectral imaging has therefore been used to overcome these limitations. In this thesis, we propose novel biometric recognition algorithms based on physiological modalities not visible to the naked eye, called hidden, from multi-spectral imaging such as palm veins. To this end, we have developed novel biometric recognition methods using palm print and palm veins based on competitive coding using a local multiscale binary model applied on images extracted with an an ant colony optimization technique. Novel matching approaches for decision based on divergence and distance metrics have been proposed to quantify the similarity between feature images. We also proposed another novel method based on a convolutional neural network by adapting the ZFNet architecture. The experiments carried out and the comparative study with the state-of-the art, show the effectiveness of our different proposed methods for the identification and verification modes
Girodet, Céline. „Endommagement des mortiers sous sollicitations thermo-mécaniques : Influence des caractéristiques des matériaux sur la résistance au gel interne des bétons“. Lyon, INSA, 1996. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/1996ISAL0122/these.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe aim of this program of research is to evaluate the relative importance of a range of components on the internal freezing resistance of mortar. For this, a new system of thermal and mechanical stressing is developed that permits the acceleration of the effect of freezing. Damage evolution is monitored continually during freezing and thawing, under mechanical stress between 20 to 60 % of rupture stress at 28 days. This evolution is then analyzed in comparison with microstructural modifications in the material. This work is highlighted the influence of pure cement (rule of Bogue's potential composition, reactivity) or pozzolanic-blended cement binders (type of pozzolane, interaction between cement and pozzolane. . . ), and aggregates characteristics (chemical nature and granulometric distribution). Analysis of the freezing resistance of all the tested materials produces a map describing the four types of damages observed in terms of microstructure of the material (porous distribution and total porosity). A study is then undertaken to examine the internal freezing behaviour of a material containing a network of air bubbles, actually reference of a durable material. This allowed the development of new formulations of concrete tailored to both function and environment
Possompès, Thibaut. „Configuration par modèle de caractéristiques adapté au contexte pour les lignes de produits logiciels : application aux Smart Buildings“. Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON20237/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSoftware product lines aim at reusing documents, source code, architectures, and, all artefact created during software development achieved in a given domain. Nowadays, we use ``feature models'' to facilitate the reuse of such elements. The approach consists in describing, in this feature model, artefacts and their usage constraints, and then to identify representative features for creating a new product. In some situations, a feature represents an artefact associated to a context element that must be handled by the product. Such a feature, and its related constraints, can be cloned for each occurrence of instances of this element in a given context. In this thesis, we are try to determine the impact of a product execution context on a future product features. We first explore different ways for representing feature models and a product context. Then, we propose a generic method to adapt a feature model to context elements. This thesis has been achieved in the context of the RIDER project (Research for IT Driven EneRgy efficiency). This project aims at reducing energy waste due to an inappropriate management of energy sources and needs. The heterogeneousness of building equipments and each building specificities require to adapt energy optimisation software. We propose to apply a software product line approach to this project. More precisely, we propose to apply to this project our feature model context adaptation methodology, in order to adapt energy optimisation software to each building specific context
N'Guessan, Kahan. „Méthodes et outils d'aide au diagnostic et à la maintenance des tableaux électriques généraux par le suivi des grandeurs physiques caractéristiques et de leur fonctionnement“. Grenoble INPG, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007INPG0172.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe switchboard is a key element of any electrical installation. It incorporates devices designed to distribute electrical power and protect circuits and people. This PhD work deals with an entire system of monitoring and diagnosis of Low Voltage (LV) switchboards based on the measurements of temperatures, and currents. This innovating system meets the needs to prevent the breakdowns of LV switchboards, which, although rare, can involve huge financial and human loss. The thermal measurements are do ne by wireless thermal sensor. The measured data are transmitted via internet and collected in a server, to be centrally processed. This centralized data processing includes a local detection of failures and a global diagnosis which leads to sorne maintenance recommendations. This work is focused on, the detection stage, and the global diagnosis. Sorne results based on experimental data and expertise's information are presented to validate the feasibility of the methods implemented
Quinton, Clément. „Cloud environment selection and configuration : a software product lines-based approach“. Thesis, Lille 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL10079/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTo benefit from the promise of the cloud computing paradigm, applications must be deployed on well-suited and configured cloud environments fulfilling the application’s requirements. We consider that the selection and configuration of such environments can leverage Software Product Line (SPL) principles. SPLs were defined to take advantage of software commonalities through the definition of reusable artifacts. This thesis thus proposes an approach based on SPLs to select and configure cloud environments regarding the requirements related to the application to deploy. In particular, we introduce a variability model enabling the description of commonalities and variabilities between clouds as feature models. In addition, we extend this variability model with attributes and cardinalities, together with constraints over them. Then, we propose an approach to check the consistency of cardinality-based feature models when evolving those models. Our approach provides a support to detect and explain automatically a cardinality inconsistency. Finally, we propose an automated platform to select and configure cloud environments, which generates configuration scripts regarding the requirements of the application to deploy. This work has been done as part of the European PaaSage project. The experiments we conducted to evaluate our approach show that it is well suited to handle the configuration of cloud environments, being both scalable and practical while improving the reliability of the deployment
Eymery, Catherine. „Attitudes caractéristiques des enseignants et/ou formateurs favorisant la mise en place d’inventions révélatrices d’un professionnel dit "ingenium"“. Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TOU20058.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAn exploratory study allowed us to define the characteristics of an educational device named by their teacher: Classe-cycle. We made a qualitative analysis of empirical data we have collected, so as to give meaning and some understanding of the innovation process. We have find out that one organizational invention of this type had been able to lead the professional development of teachers. This important first step allowed to reveal the complexity and the involvement of notion of time in the process of concept new towards the concept of innovation. Beyond the high social demand which influencing the desire or the need to be innovative, we note that the process generates the essential to our culture, our evolution, our ability to learn, our ability to adapt. Given that invention is part of the learning process can we believe that entering into this recursive loop, would be a possibility of creating his own professional capacity throughout his life? Would we be able to learn mobilize attitudes likely to initiate this process of perpetual learning, leaving us curious and eager to improve our professional practice? What interests us particularly it's the attitudes which in the exercise of his profession, a teacher or a trainer, allow it to develop creative moments. Therefore, activation of these processes will allow him to design solutions to problems encountered in a given context. Ultimately, we seek to find a significant set of attitudes that would generate innovatives' moments. Our research question is defined as: What are the characteristic attitudes of teachers or trainers that promote the development of inventions revealing the professional known as ingenium?
Hardy, Florence. „Importance des boucles de surface pour la stabilité des protéases neutres de la famille des Bacilli“. Compiègne, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992COMPD537.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleYu, Hao. „Évaluation des caractéristiques des hydrogels d’alginate supplémentés en acide hyaluronique ou en hydroxyapatite lors de la différenciation des cellules souches mésenchymateuses issues de la gelée de Wharton“. Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0087/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn the field of cartilage engineering, alginate (Alg)-based hydrogels and mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are widely used as raw biomaterials and stem cells which can be used to fill cartilage lesions of varying depth. However, to reproduce the zonal organization of articular cartilage, a graft multilayer is necessary. In order to guide the differentiation of MSCs in different strata of the biomaterials, without input of growth factors, natural cartilage components (hyaluronic acid, HA) or bone matrix (hydroxyapatite, Hap) can be added into the alginate. The aim of this work is to analyze the impact of the composition of alginate enriched either in HA or in Hap on the behavior of MSCs. The first part of our work is to evaluate the behavior of WJ-MSCs into these hydrogels. Our results have shown that Alg/ Hap hydrogels not only possess better mechanical properties than Alg/HA hydrogels, but also promote the viability of MSCs and their differentiation from MSC seeded into the Alg/HA hydrogel. The sterilization method of biomaterial is an essential step, the multiple effects of which must be evaluated, in particular as regards the behavior of the cells, but also to maintain the integrity of the physicochemical properties of hydrogel. Thus, in a second part of this work, we showed that the autoclave sterilization treatment induced a negative effect on the initial characteristics of alginate hydrogel. It is also apparent from this investigation of the sterilization modes that the sterilization of hydrogels with UV is more efficient and makes it possible to preserve the specific properties of the hydrogel as best as possible, in particular Alg/HA. Finally, in a third part of our work, we also evaluated the evolution of the mechanical properties during the differentiation and the impact of these on the differentiation of MSCs and their immunomodulatory properties. From these results, we have shown that the physico-chemical characteristics of Alg / ha and Alg/hap hydrogels influence not only the differentiation potential of WJ-MSC but also the secretion of soluble factors involved in immunomodulation. Since these physicochemical properties are influenced by the sterilization process, it is advisable to take them into account in all stages of tissue engineering
Boufedji, Dounia. „Vers une approche d’ingénierie multi-agents à base de lignes de produits logiciels“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUS438.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMulti-Agent Systems represent an ideal solution that has already proved positive for the modelling of complex systems. The AOSE (Agent Oriented Software Engineering) offers different methodologies, meta-models, templates and reuse patterns that facilitate their development and accelerate their acceptance within the software industry. However, the existing approaches to MAS engineering do not allow the management and development of similar applications known as MAS families. These applications have some commonalities, as well as differences called variability. The management of variability can be done at different levels such as design and development, except that it is not taken into account in existing approaches. In order to compensate for the lack of variability management within multi-agent families at the level of agent-oriented approaches, SPL (Software Product Lines) engineering turns out to be the appropriate solution for which the management of variability remains a key element. In this context, the exploitation of SPL engineering techniques within the framework of multi-agent approaches is known as Multi-agent systems Product Lines engineering. This thesis subject is part of this thematic of MAS-PL approaches meant to enhance the management of variability within families of MAS; what, consequently, improves the aspects of reuse revolving around variability. This is how our approach, which is based on the general SPL process, in favour of an improvement, pushes the limits of current MAS-PL approaches
Adadja, Christian Enagnon. „Modélisation multi-échelles des propriétés élastiques du composite argile-pailles de riz“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LORR0067.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWith the evolution of humanity, modern constructions are proposed based on conventional materials. This is not without consequence because today the construction sector is the largest consumer of energy and the second emitter of CO2 in the world. This significantly impacts the climate of the planet. It is therefore essential today to develop materials that best respect the environment through their low greenhouse gas emission power and which consume little energy. This research is part of this process, which will contribute to the development of ecological materials for construction. We are interested in studying the elastic properties of a clay matrix composite, reinforced with vegetable rice straws. In view of the results obtained, it is shown that this material used in a traditional way in rural areas has interesting characteristics, which constitute reasons for its popularization with builders. The experimental tests in conjunction with the microstructural study made it possible to better control not only the distribution of the fibres in the matrix, but also to define the optimal formulation. The variation in the volume fraction of straws allows us to highlight the influence of straws on the earth material. Straws play the role of reinforcements in the clay-rice straw composite material (banco). They improve the tensile and compressive strength up to a threshold of 25% by volume proportion. It appeared that the Young's modulus decreases with the evolution of the volume fraction and that its greatest value is obtained when the volume fraction is 25%. Multi-scale modelling for the prediction of the elastic behaviour of the banco composite was carried out in this work, through the analytical models of Mori-Tanaka, Hashin-Strikman, the bounds of Voigt and Reuss. A numerical study was made using the Digimat software, of which the finite element module and the MF semianalytical module were used. The study of the behaviour of the material was carried out only in elasticity. Using these models, we were able to go back to the intrinsic properties of the constituents of the composite (the elastic properties of rice straws and the clay matrix, the aspect ratio of rice straws, the geometric orientation of inclusions, the volume fraction of inclusions). We have noticed that the Mori-Tanaka models and the Digimat MF model best predict the elastic behaviour of the clay-rice straw composite
Ghabach, Eddy. „Prise en charge du « copie et appropriation » dans les lignes de produits logiciels“. Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AZUR4056/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleA Software Product Line (SPL) manages commonalities and variability of a related software products family. This approach is characterized by a systematic reuse that reduces development cost and time to market and increases software quality. However, building an SPL requires an initial expensive investment. Therefore, organizations that are not able to deal with such an up-front investment, tend to develop a family of software products using simple and intuitive practices. Clone-and-own (C&O) is an approach adopted widely by software developers to construct new product variants from existing ones. However, the efficiency of this practice degrades proportionally to the growth of the family of products in concern, that becomes difficult to manage. In this dissertation, we propose a hybrid approach that utilizes both SPL and C&O to develop and evolve a family of software products. An automatic mechanism of identification of the correspondences between the features of the products and the software artifacts, allows the migration of the product variants developed in C&O in an SPL The originality of this work is then to help the derivation of new products by proposing different scenarios of C&O operations to be performed to derive a new product from the required features. The developer can then reduce these possibilities by expressing her preferences (e.g. products, artifacts) and using the proposed cost estimations on the operations. We realized our approach by developing SUCCEED, a framework for SUpporting Clone-and-own with Cost-EstimatEd Derivation. We validate our works on a case study of families of web portals
Berrebi, Johanna. „Contribution à l'intégration d'une liaison avionique sans fil. L'ingénierie système appliquée à une problématique industrielle“. Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00800141.
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